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f T fEBABY " " SCITO S JKSTITUTIONJ U ^ - ^ SUNDAY EVENING LECTURES On Sun day Evening , Oct . 31 st , 1855 } . GEORGE JACOB HOLYOAur * . » . * ^ SnSan ^ y ^ 611111 ^^ ^ * 11011611000 ? " will lecture on "thePhn * v f instinct and Season , as testsof Immorta lity . " We Philosoph y ° The Apollonic Society / accompanied by the powerful Organ of the T « cf » . ?• J perform a selection of Choral Music , before and after ea ^ Lectare ^ Commence at Seven precisely . Admission toHaU , 2 d . Gallery 3 d MM * > 0 IMTBIC *^ = ^ -7 ==
. On Tuesday Evening , Not . 2 nd ., JOHN EPPS , Esq ., M D will *;*„ *• d uding ^ tureon " Human Physiology , " and on TuesVay Nov 2 Sm ££ ? 0 JfES , M . D and M . R . C . S ., Founder of the Chemical « £ S& £ ™ S commen ce a Course of Lectures to be deliTered on Tuesday Evenings on « ' hS and Disease . To Commence at Half-past Eight each Evening . Cusses , — Writing and Arithmetic—Sunday Mornings from ! i tnn t . . Sunday mornings from 11 till 1 . Grammer , Priaay EvenTgf ? L tm 10 ^ , per qr . each . Phrenology , Sunday afternoon ' , w ! tS 5 ££ ' % Z Sa ^ SST ^ - Peter f ^ . i-. -5 a 5 ;
Dancing Wednesday Evenings , Terms-Ladies , 4 s . GentI fc 3 s . 6 d . per quarter . A new quarter commenced Wednesday Oct 27 a , Z ' Parties every Thursday ^ Evening . Terms , Ladies , i 8 . etfiSfi , ££ S P ersons desirous of becommg members of the Institution , are informed tCtE Subscription is 2 s . Gd . per quarter . A Circular giving every information m « l ! ob taineduponapplication . EDWARD TRUELOVe / S pro tern
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^ ggj ^^ ^^ ^^^ THE LATE FATAL DUEL . Two political exiles proscribed for the same cause and compelled to seek refuge on the same soil , startle the strangers among whom they are sojourning by the spectacle of a fratricidal combat , the result of which is the violent death of one , and a verdict
of " Wilful Murder" hanging over the head of theother—the same verdict including the " seconds" of the ill-advised principals . Truly a melancholy story ; but , at the same time , a solemn protest against that false " code of honour , " that abominable law of the pistol , the behests of which have brought about this shocking catastrophe . ,
It has been hinted through the newspapers , that this duel was the consequence of certain rancorous political differences , said to divide the Trench exiles , That serious differences ^ opinion exist among the exiled republicans must be admitted ; but certain it is , that the late duel had no connection with politics . The cause of quarrel was one that might have arisen among royalists
as well as republicans , among Englishmen as well as Frenchmen . Into the particulars we must decline entering . Suffice it to say , that founding our conclusions upon information imparted to us from a trustworthy source , the cause of the duel was a personal question completely and absolutely , and can in no way be held to reflect upon the republican cause , or any section of the republican
party . : Another error , the necessary consequence of unauthenticated versions ofthe transaction having been / got up and published by the reporters , needs correction ; the error which obtained , very general currency and belief some days ago—that the unfortunate Cournet was the victim of foul play . The English-witnesses had testified that thev heard onlv one shot ; and wnen it was
subsequently discovered that one ofthe pistols had not ; been fired off , and , owing to the insertion of a rag , could not have been used , the public naturally jumped to the conclusion that it was Cournet ' s pistol that had been tampered with , and that without any chance of shooting his opponent , he had been placed on the ground , not to fight a fair duel , but to be shot—his death being premeditated and provided for . This error was subsequently corrected by the daily papers , and that correction we can confirm from other sources . Notwithstanding the evidence of the
English witnesses , and the state in which one of the pistols was found , two shote were fired , Cournet fired first , and missed . His opponent then essayed to fire , but the pistol would not go off . He essayed a second time , and again the cap , snapped . He then flung away his pistol and offered to fight with swords . Cournet refused , but gave his own pistol to his opponent , and from that pistol he received his death-wound . It is bjut just to repeat that which we have heard , that Cournet ' s opponent , thethe unfortunate would
before firing , demanded if , even n , man retract the cause of the quarrel ; but he would not do so . As regards the unused pistol , there is every reason to believe that the iasertion of the rag was the consequence of an accident in the Cleaning , previous to the pistol being loaded , and that every arrangement made for the fatal rencontre , strictly accorded with the laws of duelling , and that idea of . " honour whiqh it may be presumed guided the actions of all the parties concerned V % . * __ 1 c *«»/» VirtTirmr is rfiallv nerverfcea wnen it But the le of true honouris reallperverted when it
. , princip y can be made the pretext for an encounter at once both sanguinary and absurd . To speak only of the folly of this affair let us ask what question has this duel settled and disposed of ? We assume Cournet to have repeated a story told to him detrimental to the character of his opponent . Assume that story to be false , and it was but natural that the man whose character was reflected on should feel himself outraged , and demand explanationor apology , as circumstances might require . Surely there was nothing very difficult or intricate about ajnatter ^ be tiedonlby the
this kind ; no Gordianknot that could un * y sabre or the pistol-bullet . Either the story was . true or false If true , Cournet owed no apology to any one ; ifialse , he was bound to make the fullest reparation to ^ TWtan of < toaotion ,-he was so bound though he had only repeated , and not invented the story . Now , the truth or falsehood rnig h ; easily have been got at by a committee of five or six intelligent men . Assuming the falsehood of the story , and opposing that Course ? had been so ill-advised as not to have ^ made thereparation demanded by Justice ; what then ? the dishonour would have rested upon Cournet , not upon the man . who bad been slanderedA committee of half-a-dozen honest and
sen-. sible men might have quickly and nnally disposed ^ of such a question with ample justice to both pal ies . But what has to miserable duel settled ? Nothing whatever . Assume CoURm ? s opponent to have been an unworthy man before the duel , has he washed out his own unwortbmess in the blood of Goijrset ? Certainly not . Assume him to have been a nian of honour before the duel ; did the destiucfaon of CoUrnETS life make Mm a more honourable man ? Certainly not . Assume
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S ^ ffSS iTz ^ TiP ? 7 swa which thow «*««/? 1 i —r 1 jnviess , ana on
; Suclnt t * 1 ° er uf . " !* ' P ° litical an * social superstructure . In our humbe opinion , the Republicans are bound , by every consideration of duty and example , to sternly and unflinchingly discountenance thisbarbarous practice of dullUng oWr ° l 610 ^ . ^ the Peace Socie ty . tfe 8 hould have no u ^ l ° VV ™ r ? lormu ^ t-Shot aimed at the head of a yrant ; but with all our heart and soul , we feel bound to protest against a system of fratricide , whether the cause of quarrel be differences of political opinion or acts of personal wrong . Without intending any reflection upon Cournet ' s opponent , we cannot conclude these remarks without expressing our h eartfelt grief , at his untimely end ; our fervent sorrow at the lossot a man so valuable to the democratic cause . It is hardly possible to over-estimate this heavy discouragement to the good cause . The French Republicans lack neither talent nor
courage ; but men fitted by nature and experience to command ana lead the forces of Democracy in actual combat , ' are necessarily few . Of these few Frederick Cournet was one . Wmleyetajouth , and serving in the French navy , he gave proofs of heroism which won for him the grateful applause of his country . From the time of his enlistment in the Republican party he was among the foremost to do and dare all for the cause of his heart ' s adoption , ready even to take the place of absent friends , and to risk his life ' in their defence . At
length came the days of December , when the perjurer Bonaparte by perfidy , burglary and murder , accomplished his Coup d ' etat In the attempted resistance that ensued , ;^ the p art of a handful of Republicans , Cournet took a most prominent Part » He put his signature to the proclamation issued from the office of the Revolution , as early as 10 o ' clock on the morning of the 2 nd of December , in which Bonaparte was denounced traitor and usurper , and in which the people were summoned to arms . At the first meeting of the remnant of the Extreme
Left that could be got together , Cournet " by a few energetic words , " showed the necessity of immediate action at the barricades . He offered his own home as the head quartersjbr the Revolutionary Committee—the Committee of insurrection . On the morning of December 3 rd ., Cournet superintended the erection of the barricade at the corner of the Rue St . Marguerite , in the Faubourg St . Antoine , that barricade immortal
in history , as the protest of a few , devoted men , who placed their bodies as a rampart—holy though feeble—between the outraged country and the praetorians of a perjured asssssin . A battalion of the 19 th Regiment advanced and fired upon the group of Republicans . Charles Baudin in the act of addressing the soldiers and reminding them of their allegiance to the law was shot dead , " his head pierced by two balls ! a workman also lay stretched lifeless , and several fell desperately
wounded . The balls missed Cournet , and he struggled with the soldiers for the b ' ody of Baudin , but unsuccessfully . For the moment he escaped and hastened to the Faubourg St . Marceau , and from there to the centre of Paris , hoping to arouse the people to make a determined stand . He failed . The efforts of the few like him failed . Bonaparte was victorious
Cournet was arrested , but on his way to the Police Prefecture he stuggled with and overcame the officer who had charge of him , and succeeded in effecting his escape . He was enabled to reach London , where he resided until the day of the fatal , duel . Alas ! that in so miserable a quarrel he found his deathdoom ! Better far , that he had died on the 3 rd of December .
mingling his blood with that of the brave Baudin . Xayier Durrieu , in his History of the Coup d'Etat , speaks of Cournet as a " man of proverbial courage , whom the militant Revolution can count amongst the men the most determined , the most capable , not only to combat , but to command . " These words , from a man who had witnessed
Cournet ' s courage and ability under trial of the severest kind , indicate too plainly the heavy loss Democracy has sustained by his premature and unhappy death . : Peace to the patriot ; honour to the brave Republican ! Because he stood in the breach to defend the cause , not merely of France , but of universal liberty and humanity , we join with his countrymen , his comrades , and fellow-exiles , in paying the homage of the heart to the name and memory of the brave Frederick Cournet .
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THE " PROTECTORS'' OF THE INSANE . 'Bethlehem Hospital ought to be well governed . It has no less than three hundred governors . The name of Prince Albert heads the list , and is followed by a long catalogue of prelates , peers , city dignitaries , and other gentlemen . Yet for all this long array of ecclesiastical and aristocratica
names , the report of the . Commissioners of Lunacy , which we alluded to , the week before last , proves that Bethlehem Hospital has really no government at ail , that the poor creatures , its inmates , are the helpless objects of the carelessness and wanton cruelty of the officials , and that no inquiries are made regarding their treatment , or any means taken to ensure to the patients comfort and kindly treatment .
It would appear that even after the exposure by the Lunacy Commissioners , the same atrocities continued to be perpetrated upon the patients in Bethlehem . Henry Stewart , formerly color-sergeant in the 50 th regiment , has addressed a letter to one of our daily contemporaries , in which he states that , having been
appointed a keeper in Bethlehem Hospital on the 20 th of September last , he witnessed so many instances of barbarity towards the patients on the part of the keepers , that he was compelled to retire from his situation in disgust on the 8 th of the present month . The instances of barbarity he records are quite as disgraceful as those detailed in Lord Shaftesbury ' s report . A jeweller named
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Brown one day took a small piece of bread belonging to another patient , and while in the act of swallowing it was seized by the throat by one of the attendants , and compelled to disgorge the bread . Another patient named Maddison , who has served under government as a clerk in the Admiralty for upwards of 39 years , and who is under the impression that he is a King , went up to a keeper in the airing ground and demanded to be let out at the gate . The keeper paid no attention to him , when Maddison .
imperiously stamped his foot , and repeated his request . The keeper then lost his temper , and seizing Maddison . shook him against the wall and struck him brutally . The patients wear a canvass frock fastened by a cord round the neck . The keeper drew this cord tightly round Maddison ' s neck , so as to strangle him ! On another occasion this same man was on some trifling pretext , thrown down , his head knocked against the stone floor , and cruelly beat and jumped upon by the brutal keeper . A patient named Bethell had his head laid open by a blow from one of the attendantsand the who dressed the wound made !«» ujwom uic
, surgeon no , ' o "" ' * wuuuu maae no inquiries as to how the patient came by it , receiving without question the ' flimsey explanation of the assaulter . Indeed the physician of the institution , Sir Alexander Morrison , seems ' invariably to have treated with the greatest levity the complaints of ill-usage made by the patients . Such conduct on the part of Sir
Alexander Morrison was most disgraceful , and amounted to nothing less than a direct encouragement of the barbarous proceedings of his inferiors . Another of the cases mentioned by Mr . Stewart is harrowing in the extreme . One Barling , formerly an independant Minister at Upway , Dorsetshire , and whom Stewart had previously seen ill-used , was discovered in the
bathroom , with a little piece of soap in his hand , which he had purloined . Barling , as soon as he saw the keepers enter crouched down , and threw his hands over his head to protect himself , evidencing by this that brutal violence was a thing he was accustomed to , and expected . He was not mistaken in the present instanc e for the keeper at once struck him a violent blow with his fist on the back of the left jaw , with such force as to break off one of the
patients front teeth . Having given his victim this bio w , the inhuman monster followed it up by a kick and then left him . Such is a picture of every day life in Bethlehem Hospital , a " Charity" having at ils disposal £ 20 , 000 a year , and having for its managers the Queen ' s husband , and 300 ofthe most notable
prelates and aristocrats in the kingdom . It is worthy of note too , that all we have here described has taken place since the disclosures contained in the Earl of ShaftesburyV report were made public . No manner of excuse , therefore , is left to the Governors , who are morally responsible for all that passes within the walls of the Hospital . Previous to the publication of the Commissioners ' report , they were doubtless blamable in failin *
to ascertain whether the patients were properly treated . As managers of the institution , it was simply their duty to have done so ; but what will be thought of those gentlemen , now it has been discovered that no reform has taken place , even after all the disclosures that have been made ? Surely , at the least , a
moral responsibility is attached to those whose names figure as governors of the hospital . And as any governor has at all times the right to make a personal examination of the institution , it could be no very difficult thing for he who was desirous of doing his duty to make an unexpected visit , at night , to ascertain whether or not the officials ofthe institution did their dutv .
We have ceased to be surprised at the very un-Christ-like conduct of the Princes of the Church of Christ ; but has not Prince Albert , whose name stands at the head of the Governors of Bethlehem Hospital , been landed as one who is never ceasing in hi exertions for the amelioration of the condition of the unfortunate ? Why does not he insure comfort and kindly treatment to the insane inmates of that Hospital ? Most assuredly that would be
far more honourable to him than the acquisition of trumpery and childish titles , or the erection of " model houses" for the working classes , which he well knows , the working classes will never be able to obtain under a system which keeps them in ignorance and servitude .
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WANTED A PARTY . There are many great men who do not achieve greatness . They try hard , bid high , promise fair , offer a bit of their services to everybody and yet are denied the opportunity of making fame and power . People seem to recollect that " he who is not for us is against us ' and also add to that weighty adage " he who is with everybody is for nobody . " Eclecticism may be , doubtless is , a very fine thing , but it will not do in politics . In that sphere , if in no other , a man must have a creed and faith of his own . He may be tolerant and even unsettled in his religious opinions , and vacillating in his social ideas , and yet manage to be considered as
having a fair chance in the next world , and be received in all sorts of society , but the politician who would gain confidence had ' better , like Joseph of old , leave his particolored garment behind him in the pit he is pretty sure sooner or later to fall or get pushed into . Motley ought to have gone out of fashion by this time though the remembrance will always survive of what sort of folk they were who used to wear it .
It is a great misfortune of the might-be great men ( if indeed it be not a fault ) that they are misunderstood . They mean to say something different to that which people suppose they intend , and then very naturally quarrel with the interpretation " that is put upon their words . This seems to be the fate of that veteran economist Mr . Joseph Hume who has been indulging in a correspondence with Mr . Collins the Editor ofthe Hull Advertiser leading to a controversy with the Times , which is vastly amusing . The" able editor ' had , as able editors will , indited an article in which he propounded a scheme for forming a party—a nationa ' partv , for a less than national object—out of the Irish members
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- ^~——SATURDAY , OCTOBER 30 , 1852 .
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OC TOBER 30 . 1 === ^ - «»
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 30, 1852, page 9, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1702/page/9/
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