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THE IS T ORTHER]N" STAE SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1841.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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CONCLUSION OF MR . O'BRIEN'S LETTER TO MR . O'CONNOR . ( Continuedfrom our last . ) 1 could point out a variety of Trays in "which your jjo-Tott policy wonld , if acted opon , vitally damage Oar cause , bat , for ttte present , I contest myself witti adverting to a few- of tie more prominent and fetal mischiefs It is pregnant ¦ with . 1 st It was calculated to destroy oui chance * of taming the election ! te good account , and , to my Certain knowledge , has materially injured us in a few placet , where it was partially acted npon . For -what was iU tendency ? Its tendency " as to breed nneert&inty and division in the Chartist tanl 3 , and thereby to rente almost impracticable our two grand and leading obizcte , vix . the practical
assertion of Universal Suffrsf e by Uie show of hands , and the retting Chartist candidates returned to the House of Common * by coalitions with one or other of the adverse factions . I have already shown hew it tended to mar tbe latter object , by indisposing both Whig « nd Tory candidates from splitting their rotes with na . Let me-now , therefore , show how it tended to frustrate onr other object—the election of * national representation . To show this , I hare bat * o aj-k » simple question . How coold you expect the people w put themseiToa to aH the incoaveniyxce &nd tremble of cresting a National Representation—to say nothing of furore trouble and expense—if yon pre-Tiensly lead them to look for their salvation to quite » nother and different sort of agency , -viz- —the state
of parties in the House of Commons ? In ther words , ¦ 9 hxx is the good of your recommending the people to return eandM&tes of their own by show of kinds , if , in the Bame breath , yon tell them that their best and only road to success lies in producing a lory Government , with a Whig oppositien to combat it in the new Hoa * e of Gammons ' Once persuade the people that they have only to drive the Whigs from office , anrt place them " on the black aide of the Treasury" to make " rampant democrats" of them , Once persuade tbe people of this , and what motive or inducement will they then have for electing a National Representation ? I saj , they will hare none . Universal Suffrage could do no more for them thaa fill the House of Commons
with democrats ; but if you can persuade them that ttie Whigs , -when in opposition , "win become demoeats , and throw themselves onee more on the people for support , in order to get back to the Treasury kencbes ^—if , i say , you can make . tha people believe that . —then it is idle to talk of electing a national representation by show o / hands '; but that is the very thine you have been driving at for the last flvs or six Veeka . " In all your recent letters , yon have laboured to make the people believe that we have t > nly to eject the Whigs from office to turn them into " rampant demo , cats '" and " physical-force Chartist * , " and upon this ipeciration is founded yoor recommendation to vote ever } where for Tories , and keep out the Whigs at all hazards .
Now , you either behaved la the virtue of Hub new policy , or yuu did not . If you did not , you ought not to have recommended it ; if yon did—and if you ex"Jjected to-make the people also believe in it—then what bnKr-rss had you to recommend the practical assertion Of Universal Suffrage by the show of hands , fcc &c ? Assuredly a national representation by a show of hands eoulC do no more for the people than would a thundering Whig-democratic opposition in the House Of Commons , ye&rolag and p ""*'"^ for office , invoking once more the " pressure fram without , " in order to get there , and ( if we are to believe you ) ready to go the whole of the Charter , " bristles and all , " rather than foTgego the sweets of Dawning-street . With such a conviction ; with such wondrous faith in
the virtues of a Whig opposition , how could you think of a s-h jw of hands representation ? I could not If I held your creed on thai point ; if I believed with yoo ^ that ; he Whigs , in opposition , would go any lsngths , even the leugth of the Charter , to get back to office , I ¦ honVi sever think of a show of hands representation , cor of any other moda of carrying the Charter , than simp )? expelling the Whigs from office . All my efforts "Wonl 1 be directed to that single point , and I should eonsi ier myself a wretch and a public nuisance , if I so&ght to distract public attention from it by any other plaiis or projects -whatever , —and more especially by recommending a show of hands representation—¦ Which was to come into existence sLznnJta aeonsJy - with a str « ne Tory Government , the very first » ct of which
W * u : d be to put down the said representation by brute force . For , " lay not the flattering unction to your » oul , " my dear Feargus , that & strong Tory Government Would not try to put us down—and by brute force , too . I tell you , they would ; and I will bet you what you like , that the Tory Government we are about to have trill , -if it be strong enough , make the attempt Give them only a good working nujority in the Commons—just such a majority as you have been yearning for for the last six weeks—I say , just give the Tories such majority , and I Will twt you what you like , that they will put down , by brute feres , any popular representation in'Convention which may be then in existence , and that bo far £ r » m the new Whig opposition playing into our hands as you
expect , —they will either openly , or covertly , ( according j to the character of their constituencies , and the temper { Of the people ) abet the Tory despots in their every liberticid » rart . Talk ef the Whigs becoming demo-j crats . In opposition !—and making common cause -srith j Um > Ciiartira too ; By all that is sane , yon are not : ¦ omul in mmtl , my dear Feargus , if yon tTn « . £ ino it 2 > d not be angry wiih me for this . I would tell my own lather he was mad , if be tried to persuade me that the , present race of Whigs will ever be democrats , or ever make eoaimon cause with the C-h&rtLsts , or ever stand as j a barrier between us and Tory despotism , —until we < are able to make them -jump Jim Crow , " by letting * both fscaons see that we have a greater physical force ; at our disoosal than they have . Then , but not till then ,
Will yocr grand political " auction" take place—then Will tbs two factions bid and outbid one another for oat support . But not one moment sooner—I care not What private information yon may hare to the contrary , I care cot what this interloper or that interloper may have been whispering into your " eaged ' ear—I will take up tile history of the world , the living character of min , and the experitnice of aU ages and countries , against the state " secrets of your prison houBe , " then st&ke my life against yours that a strong Tory Government will try to put down Chartism , and that We shall gain no more by having the Whigs in opposition tnan we did by having them in office , unless we an bring to bear upon them a power greater , than that of both factions combined ! That power too , must
be of pur om exclusive making , for one particle of aid fn its formation , we shall never have from either Whig or Tory . With this conviction , I hold in sovereign contempt the puny drivellers who ¦ ay— " We are not strong enough to put down both fictions &t once , but we can make a tool of one to put down the other , and so everlastingly put down both . " lis all moonshine . We cannot teach either faction without coming into contact with both . We cannot put down either of them by any process which will sot pot do ~* n the other at the same time . We may drive cae faction « rib of office , and the ether in , but that is not patting either down . It is only making them change places for a season , until another paroxj&m of public exasperation comes and compels
them to see-saw it again , and bo on to the end of the ehapter -. that is , until we get Radical Reform , or revolution . We may help the Tories this year to pnt out the Whigs , and next year we may help the Whigs to put out the Tories "ym , but tliere "will end trax triumph , for to that extent , and no more , we have the balance of power . But as te extinguishing eitker the Wbigs or the Tories as a party , by any process -which would not tixtinguish both together , I hold the thing to be quite impossible .- and as to the idea of our using one faction as tie tool wherewith to destroy the other , it p « ver entered any man ' s head , who was not him . ¦ elf either a tool , or a tool-maker , to one or both of the factions . The Chartist elector who votes for a Tory merely to turn out a Whig , is , pr * tanio , a tool of the
Tories . The Chartist elector who vots for a Whig merely to keep ont a Tory , is , pro tantt , a tool of the Whigs . Tfae Chartist who induces others to act in thia way is , pro tanio , a tool-maker to the faction he helps to power ; and , if he acts from conscientious ¦ wwives , that is , with the view of indirectly benefiting eer cause , he is then ( though unconsciously ; both a tool and a tool-maker to the faction he imagines he is Baking a tool « f , for the people . In this tight , I oosider 700 . ojk ! M'Don&U , and all the Other leaders who have concurred is recommending yom pro-Tory policy to tile Chartist constitaences of the kingdom . . I believe yon ail to have acted from the beat and purest motives ; but I also believe that every
mother's son of you is stark staring mad upon that one particular peint Ton may call me mad for thinking * o , if you lik * - I will not be angry with you . Bo pray dontbeaagrj * ith me . Mr . il'DooaJl , I know , will Bot , for he w » uld deem it an honour even to go mad in ¦ nch company . Small blame to him for it ; be knows that with all your faults , you are worth & ship-load of the very best of us , if we could enly keep you -within feoonds . To do that , we must tie yon 4 own rigidly to principle . We must show you , that -while we honour j * a as obj undoubted chief and champion , we are ready to throw nM fan overboard , the moment you attempt to jrabsiitute expediency lot principle . This brings me to my second grand objection to your new Tory policy .
Sad . Your advice to vote far Tunes was a palpable ataidoameat of principle for expediency . It wss aaktagmes w < toww «* ttiaSgeodmigJtt « OEieofit . It was asking men to « atrafe their Batata ! feeiinga , and to « efcel against the dictates of conscience in the Tain hope feat good would come out of eriL This objection atom , I h <» d to be fatal to your policy ; for , if yon recommend men to do what their feeling and consriroca * mfomJiy rerolt against , yw aanet expect your advice to be generally followed , and , therefore , yon only breed discontent ,
CvMoa , and weakness , where unity and hearty , co operation should prevaiL And that such has been the flbct of your advice , wherever it was partially acted ¦ poa ( a& 6 nowhere did the Chartists generally adopt itj X h » ve ( evidancs spaa evidence to prove . I have this ttomeabaiBsM « i correspondence before me from all parts of ihe ' country , which would convince eve * youraatf that you pro-Tory policy was not relished by the attjontf- of-Chartist electors , and that whatever progiees it made-aawngat Ho * non-eleetes was aolely owinj to ( he grot respect and dftferenoB which your nanu sam e * with ft , and ever will 0117 with it , for th # ia
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¦ 1 . i 1 ii ¦ — ¦ i . ^ i— ¦ . 1 ¦¦ m ¦¦ 1 . ¦¦¦¦ I , — . 11 1 ¦ 11 calculable services y « u have rendered , to the cause of democracy . Some of this correspondence is from peraonal friends of your own—nearly all of it , from men who are amongtt your wannest admirers , and who , like myself , know well how to appreciate your services , and as it was all or nearly all , spontaneous , Le . not e&eitsd by any previous correspondence of mine . I Imfer from it , tftat you and the Editor « f the Star have decidedly mistaken the public opinion of the Chartist body on the subject
In this very town of Lancaster not a single Chartist elector voted for the Tories , ( Green aad Morton , ) except a few who had to do so under the pain of losing their employment , and seeing their families reduced t * beggary ; whereas , every Chartist elector who had a will of his own , and not a fev too , in despite of Intimidation manfully recorded their votes for Armstrong , who , though not a professixf Chartist , was , and is believed to be , a Chartist in heart , having always proved himself the people ' s friend , as far ai he e » uld safely dare to do so .
I could adduce many similar proofs , bat they are unnecessary to my purpose . My opposition to your pro-Tory policy -would be equally ardent whether I had the public opinion with me or n > t ; for though I shall always submit to the will of the majority ,, I shall never surrender my convictions to it , much less renounce Biy right of endeavouring to Influence it in toe course of its formation . 3 rd . My third and strongest objection to your policy is that it opens a door to infinite duplicity , corruption , and partisanship in our rankB , and tends , by it stultifying and demoralizing character , to the eventual dissolution of our body , It start-j a precedent , which , if once allowed a footing amongst us , must sooner or Liter put an end to all possibility of keeping the Chartists an integral and independent body . To make this clear to you , I beg to put the following question : —
What oetUr right have yen to ask Chartists to vote for Tories , merely " to turn out the Whigs ?" then Douglas , Edmonds , Salt , and the other ragmoney radicals of Birmingham , have to ask as te vote for Whigs , merely to " keep out the Teries , " or than Lovett , Hetherington , and the rest of the London knowledge-mongers have to ask us to vote for Home , Laadei , 01 the like sham-liberal humbugs ! Yon have none . Tbere cannot be two distinct moral roles for yon and them . If you have a right to sacrifice principle to expediency , so hare they ; if yon have a right to advise evil that good may come Of it , so have they . If you have a right to take up the old plea , tb&t " the end justifies tho means , " so have they . And if you call the rag-money radicals hypocrites and traitor * , for trying
to enlut the Chartist electors of Birmingbom on the side of the Whig Ministry , aiid if you denounce the " knowledge-mongers" for their covert alliance with the sham Liberal party , bow will you meet their replica- ' tlows , when they charge you with betraying the Chartist cause to the Tories ? Yon cannot I defy yon to justify your policy by any course of argument which will not equally justify them . All you can say for your-Belfis , that you deem it ezptdienX for the Chartist interest to have the Whigs in opposition , instead of in ojjice ; to which they will reply—that it is much more expedient for us to " keep the Tories out at all hazarc ^ " and to get shams and Hume-ites into the House , wherever " we are not strong enough to get in Chartists . "
Thus it becomes a battle of expediency against expediency ; one portion of the Chartist body adopting your ideas of expediency , while the- other portion adopts ( heir ' s ; and thus between you , the Chartist body is divided against itself , and instead of acting the independent part which becomes a great and injured people , they are degraded into mere appendages , make-weights , and cats' -paws fer other people ' s nse , —and instead of careering onwards to liberty , in the strength » f unity and wisdom , they are ignominiously yoked to the chariot wheels of their oppressors , to swell their triumph , and to ben witness to their own impotence and humiliation . Now , what is the obvious way to prevent all this mischief and degradation ? It is simply to adhere to principle . If yon , and the rag-money Radicals , and the " knowledge-mongers , " would all adhere to the strict letter of our principles , there would be no di vision in our ranks . This I do not expect from the ragmoney Radicals , or the "knowledge-mongers , " but I do expect it from yon , who , I know , or at least believe , would rather perih on the scaffold to-morrow , than betray the people in the most trifling detail , or surrender one iota of the Charter . Yours , Faithfully and affectionately , Jamls Beoxtebre O'Brien .
The Is T Orther]N" Stae Saturday, July 10, 1841.
THE IS ORTHER ] N" STAE SATURDAY , JULY 10 , 1841 .
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THE QUEEN-HEB MINISTERS : THE USURPERS—THEIB PARLIAMENT : THE PEOPLE—THEIB POSITION . The elections are no w over , so far as centralised poverty and wretchedness can make exhibition before pampered wealth and usurpation . With the county elections the people can have but little to do ; while we unhesitatingly declare that , as far &g the boroughs have gone , the whole triumph has been upon their side , however force and arms may , for yet a little , balk them of the fruits of conquest . The Queen has hee convivial Ministers ; the" monopolists" { and we ase the word in its political , not in its commercial signification ) have their Parliament ; but yet die people have no representatives .
Apart , however , from bo desirable an object , the exhibition has had a stunning effect , and must prodace a startling reaction in the mind of many a false calculator who fondly relied npon prerogative for the projection of power , monopoly , and distinction . The Eealed and jaundiced eye which has long looked without compassion and with contempt I upon system-made wretchedness , must have cowered : before the appalling sight of wholesale destitution , ; squalid misery and naked pauperism b tan ding in t ihe midst of warehouses full of the prodnoe of their i own hands . The ear , heretofore deaf to the humble
! -petition , tbe supplicating prayer , and j usi complaint of the destitute and the poor , msst have been pene-I -trated by tbe wild shout of vengeance which burst f rom the suffering millions ; and , however they may ' haye previously pleaded ignorance of general want ; and of the justice of universal complaint , they are now I warned and forewarned : they are purchasers of power with full notice of the dangerous tendency of ¦ its abuse . ! Yes , every borough nomination may be consi-\ sidered as a court of " ot / er and terminer , " where
¦ majesty made proclamation , and invited all to i come forward who bad any charge to prefer < against the system of class legislation . Many and I heavy have been the charges ; and well and ably i have they been sustained , in every single instance , I by the real representatives of the people : and the ' judges having heard , it now tests with them as to I how they shall determine . Wisely , —and they will I find tae people a noble people ; fooliEhly , —and they ! will find tbe people a wise people .
' Tbe great trinmph to the popular cause may be briefly stated , as contained in the following passage of Mr . O'Consob ' s letter to the men of Shefj field , published in September , 1939 , and re-printed ' in the Star of the 28 th of Jnne last . He says—I " Men of Shef&eld , —The press , ¦ which has deluded j our opponents by laughing at area ireaJfcnesB—by deny-\ ing Out union and our strength -, the press , 'which is the j index and the horn-book of all the factions—will not j be able to blindfold the several candidates , who then-1 selves «> i * n be made witness of their own defeat No i act would so far tend to give the enemy ocular de-: monstration of our power , of their weakness , and news-; paper deceit "
To add one word to the above prophetic passage would be useless , farther than to observe , that the recommendation has been nobly acted upon , and that the desired result has been achieved . j What was the position of the respective parties upon this glorious , this unparalleled , thia gigantic : straggle ? Upon one side stood the advocates of I constitutional prerogative ; upon the other stood the 1 surveyors and the balancersof " finality , " respectively [ backed by the several shades of monopolists ; no distinction observable in their resolve to plunder ; the I only difference being their mode of its
aocompliah-¦ ment ;¦ while between the two thieves stood the . advocate of the . crucified pauper , cheered and enp-I ported by the slaves , —no , no ; no longer slaves !—by I the freemen who , despite the withering scowl of the j tyrant employer , held up their blistered hands , j and raised their sweet voices for liberty and j labour . » 1 We appeal to oar greaW eaemy , and to the j greatest enemy of the people , whether or not any political party , in any age , or any country , ever < maiatainedjo proud a position as the people occupied j and preserved , against all the power of gold , intimij dation , and threatened vengeance , throughout tbe ; past struggle . We answer , never ! History has no ] record ; tradition has no note of union so general
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~—^ - ^^^^^^^^^ and unbroken , determination so brave , or triomph so perfect . ' - The reward of one who undertakes to school the pnblio mind is seldom great , while bis trials are various and without number ; yet nave we reaped from the harvest , whereof webare scattered BOme of the seeds , a crop more than abundantly remunerative of all oar labour , oar toil , oar anxiety , and hope . Yes , in truth , the result has far exceeded onr most sanguine expectations .
Let us , for a moment , enter upon the grounds of Whig appeal to popular support . We take , for example , the speech of Mr . Lkadbb , who , instead of relying upon , or even citing one single positive act of good done by the Whigs , contents himself with asking : " What have you to expect from the Tories ! " Rubbish ! Just what we got from the Whigs ! with this sbgle difference , that we have a right to expect it from the Tories , but we had a right to expect something better from the Whigs . In fact , the reasoning of the Hon . Member for Westminster , and his justification of Wbiggery , may be best explained thus : Suppose A and B , two
robbers , meet two travellers whom they attack ; separately , with intent to rob ; and suppose the victim of A makes some resistance and is shot , but that the victim of B surrenders his purse without resistance , and thereby saves his life . We ask the sapient advocate of the Whigs , whether he , as a juror , would deem a plea by B to an indictment for robbery good , in whioh B merely set forth his comparative forbearance , alleging that he only robbed , and did not as A had done , take away life ! What , in such case , would be the answer of the judge , if he condescended to notice the folly 1 Would he not say : " A ' s greater crime by no means justifies your great crime . "
For four years we have been noticing and exposing this system of relying for popular support upon Tory atrocity , instead of upon Whig performance . Our leaders would hold further repetition to be an insult to their understandings . Another fallacy which we propose to notice , a detail fallacy , is that contained in the answer of Mr . Hknhy Aguonbt to the good men of Cockermouth , who , upon being asked , Will you vote for Universal Suffrage ! " answered , u No , because it has no meaning according ' to the Chartists . Universal Suffrage , " said he , " means the . enfranchisement of women and children . "
Now thiB legal quibble is worthy of notice , and the more so , as some of our ignorant neighbours of the Fox and Goose Club hare attempted to strut upon the same stilts . First , then , let us ask if the objection of Mr . Aglionbt is not in direct opposition to the memorable doctrine laid down by Reformers , and repeated to surfeiting : " O , surely if we cannot go the whole road together ^ we may journey on in company as far as we can agree , "
That paint Mr . O'Connor very significantly ascribed to be always at" Whig cross , " when the Whig said to his Radical companion : " Now , my friend , I have arrived at m y destination ; yours is fubtheb 0 « , but 1 am at home ; so good night . " If we would adopt the expediency fallacy of our fellow travellers , we may now retort , and say : Well Mr . Aglionby , if you are for advancing to the cradle , and driving women from privacy , to take
part in the busy bustle of politics and strife ; and if we have too much good sense to appeal to the infant , or unformed mind , and too much good taste to undo what the law , which you practise , has wisely done , by making the interest of man and his wife one and inseparable ; yet , surely , as we are going on the same road , you can have no objection to journey with us to the 21 male stone . "
Now , this would be in perfect accordance with Whig recommendation and invitation ; but , inasmuch as we never find anything in Whig precedent very worthy of being followed , and as it is necessary to expose , and at once cut the leg from under hobbling folly and stalking ignorance , —here goes . To Mr . Aglionbt , then , we say , " onward ! onward ! onward ! you cannot go too fit for us ; and if the establishment of a folly is necessary for the correction of an evil , we will be parties to your folly , which the good sense of the working classes would very speedily destroy . And , inasmuch
as the union of the righteous is more perfect than the harmony or agreement of the ungodly , democracy would much benefit by the new version , —for this reason ; the family of a working man would be one , while the family of the oppressor would be divided into contending parties . Therefore drive the inmates of the mansion , the nursery , and the o adle ; the brothel , thegaol , and the madhouse , if you will , to the hustings ; and , as we have more than once asserted , a vicious majority will cower and crouch before a virtuous minority ; but yet , with all the rotten links which the new version oould add to the
chain , would the popular ranks remain the great majority , defying all opposition , from whithersoever mustered . " Our readers may possibly a 3 k , why waste time in argument about what every working man fully understands ? To such an observation we would reply , that the practice of the Star ever has been , and we truBt ever will be , to meet fallacy in the outset ; to cut every leg from trader every pretence for withholding from the people their just rights . And our friends are now beginning to feel thegood effects
of our policy and perseverance . A few years since some clap-trap or nonsense was a strong rallying point for the friends of despotism ; now , however , folly iB crushed in its infancy : and let the people be assured that it is much more easy to remove a mole-hill of sew folly , than to remove a mountain of old absurdity . Every act of tyranny commences in a mild form , and gains a giant ' s strength by passive obedience and non-resistance . Our dcty as journalists is not only to disseminate knowledge , but to remove prejudice and beat down opposition .
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THE LEEDS FOX AND GOOSE CLUB v . THE "SIX INCOMPREHENSIBLE OMNIBUSES " FULL . Leeds ! Leeds ! alas ! poor Leeds ! It is not many months since we were assured that the new " menagerie" incorporated within itself all that was politically valuable or effective within the borough minus about six " comprehensible omnibuses full . "
Well , "The tree shall be known by its fruit "; and , we presume , so shall the bird be known by its egg ; and we may now judge of the nature of the " Goosey" by the genus which it has hatched and produced . We early foresaw , and at once predicted , that the malicious ingenuity of the half-fledged tribe would pluck Leeds of the master quills of Reform , and replace them with th « pin-feathers of a cackling brood . Moleswobth was not sufficiently Radical ; and as for old Bainks , the glory of his day had passed away ; his sun had set in the north to rise no more . The very mention of his name would destroy all the prospects of his party ' s success . Onward , we must be shoved , " pan passu" with the march of intellect and to the " overture of Mother Goose . "
The whole management was taken out of the hands of the " pilot that weathered the storm" and more than , once brought the bark of Wbiggery through shoals and quioksands . Baxnks , ( for whose political character we have the most thorough contempt , but of whose efficiency in all the tactics of party squabble , we have the very highest pinion , ) was thrown overboard , to break the fall of Sir William Molesworth , and
to prepare the way for , at least , one out and outer ; and in truth tan ' ouf' and outer" he has proved to be 1 Now , had the arrangements been left in the hands of the Leeds Mercury , we have no hesitation , not ; the slightest , in asserting , that at the present moment Leeds would have been represented by two pure Whigs ; that is , two anti-Tory Members , instead of being reduced to the humiliating condition of having a pare Tory and a Tory-Whig—a / Uftfd Coraemtive , and a sliding bwriBter . " 0 ,
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how , hap . | h » ,, mighty fallen ^ and ., what just cau » th 9 Bupporter » of Whiggerjl have to exclaim , 11 Save ua from our friends !" For onr own part , we have every reason to be most satisfied with the result of the dog-fight , whioh , ere long , is sure to drive the routed Whigs for shelter to the Chartist tree . Leeds , of all places in the world , to return a Tory , and no Whig ! Leeds ! of all places in the world ! the great capital of the great county of the great manufacturers , upon the great question of the GREAT COMMERCIAL REFORMS , printed in GREAT letters by all the GREAT guns of Whi « ierj !
Well ; after all , speaking comnwcially upon the great obmmercial question , we mho no hesitation in saying , that so long as the people are excluded , Leeds and Wakeueld are now the most characteristically and properly represented towns in Yorkshire—the one by a business Whig , and the other by a business Tory . In conclusion , we have now some right to crow over the produce of all but the " six comprehensible
omnibuses full , " when we see the fruit of this mountain in labour , in the unpolitical and unchristian condition of waiting fo r a name , which , contrary to all the rules of baptism , he must vote to himself . Aye positively , even among the godfathers and godmothers of Mr . Aldah , there is some strong misgivings as to his creed . They have now discovered that he is a barrister ; and that he claims the right of defending his clients according to his own judgement .
Poor , poor Mother Goose ! Well may she cackle , and cackle away ! She looks as odd and foolish , and is as busy as a hen with one chioken I
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THE KILL- ' £ M-AND-EAT- 'EM WHIGS . Wb have told our readers again and again , that the bloodiest of all " rampant patriots" were the Whigs—out of office;—that the physicalforce doctrine of the most exoited hunger-and-op * pression-biiten Chartist was the very " milk of human kindness" compared with the displays of ferooious wildness with whioh the strong-lauguageproaecuting Whigs Would favour us as soon as they had a glimpse of the wrong sMe of the Treasury .
They are even forestalling our expectations . They don't wait to be decently outside the House before they " let light through the windows . " The progress of the elections has already maddened them—and in no instance so much as in that of the rejection of Mr . Brown Bread Joseph Hume , for Leeds . What say our readers to the following specimen of " liberal " feeling from the Sun—the moat liberal of all the " liberal" Whig papers ! We had purposed comment , but abstain . We leave it to toll its own story ; and here it is . The ruffian who writes it had learned that Dr . Hook and his Lady had manifested some interest in the Leeds Election , and on the wrong side . Hear him : —
" We have observed that the Vicar of Leeds , Dr . Hook , took an active part in the contest He hastened home from the foot of the Alps , he said the instant he heard of the dissolution ; and he hastened to Leeds , to throw the whole weight or his influence into the Tory scale . We do not object to clergymen mingling in politics . On the contrary , we think it their doty to interfere with men in all their relations , 80 fftf as advising and counselling them goes ; bat it is indispensible that they take tbe moral and the just side . " * * * " When the clergt take part in politics , THEV OUGHT TO TaKB THE BIGHT SIDE . " *
" If any ladies , led by a mistaken party zeal , side , like Dr . Hook and others of the clergy , with the oppressors of the people , they must not be surprised should even their claim * to universal homage fail , in a time of excitement , to disarm the hatred of savage hunger . " "It has happened that ladle * ' beads have been carried about the alreeU on poles , or trailed In the dirt ; and it has happened , sufficiently within recollection to serve both for a warning and an example , that a priesthood hast been compelled to find safety in flight and those who braved the popular Indignation forfeited their lives to their temerity . " * * *
" When ladies and olergymen take the same side , and cheer on the unhallowed bread-taxers in their guilty career , the moral world seems to us turned upside down , and we dread lest it can only be righted by some terrible convulsion . " Now ; gentle Reader I what think you of the mealy-mouthed representative of middle-class moneymongering Whiggery ! After that piece of cannibalism , shall we again here of t he intemperate
Radicals and the physical-force Chartists % The " bloody old Times" may now shut up shop . His " occupation ' s gone . " He of "the Railway" ha 3 left all hia coadjutors in "bloodiness" far in the field We only beg all our Chartist friends , w , ho have again and again written to chide us for the use of "low language" in calling the Whigs " Bloodies , " just to read this sample of moral feeling and politeness , and Bay whether any other name could be used for them without a perfect outrage upon language .
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. _ - : To Agents . —All those Agentt who heve received their accounts are requested to settle them immediately , otherwise thexr papers will be stopped . Thomas Milne , blacksmith , Dundee . —If the money has n « t been noticed in the Sax , it has never been received at this office * . > Mb . Williams . '—We received l 9 s . M . for defences , some time ago—what particular funds is the amount fort William Cbosslst , Sowebby . — -A newspaper can be sent to Ireland if above seven days old ; but to be sent free to Halifax , N . S ., North America , it must be posted within seven days of its publication : this , week ' s paper must be posted before Saturday next , July Yith . B . W . Makshall— One quarter of Wheat contains eight bushels , averaging 60 lbs . the bushel ^ and weighs 480 iA « - Fe » y good Wheat trill perhaps weigh 63 lbs . ~ verf / bad 56 lbs .
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Wm . M'Leod and J . Davidson . —Send 3 * . 9 s . for ten—twoof each of those named . C Bolwku . —Fivepenee each . C . Cbawfobd , HuLL- ^ -TFe have not one left . VOtL tHl ¦¦' MXMCViif * . ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦" ' ¦ ' : . " ¦ : ' . ¦ ¦ ' ¦ . : :: ¦ ¦ "' * ¦ ¦ ' £ . ' * . From tke Chartists of Camber well ... ... 1 •
FOB 1 / PBE 5 S FOR J . B . O'fiRISir . From W . E ., Hoxton , London .. ... 0 19 0 rOLITICAt PRISONERS' AND CHARTER CONTENTION -.. ¦ -. - . . - ¦ ¦ ¦• ¦ /; : •¦ ' ... ¦ FOND . . : . ¦ ¦ ; . ¦ ¦ ¦¦ . - From Mr . Russell , of Southampton ... ... 0 9 EXPENC 2 S , 0 V tHE LSEDS CHABTISTS BLBCTIOW . From a Teetotaller , Egremont .................. 0 6 0 „ a few Chartists at Long Preston , per J . Brown , Settle ....................... 0 5 ' 6 FOB MRS . PROSlT From a female atjRagIand , Monnloattuhlre • 5 3 _ Hopper and others , per J . Cleave ... t 3 o
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FB 0 M OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENT . Tuesday Evening , July 6 ih . The bustle and confusion attendant upon the general election here , as regards London , has passed over , save some talk on tbe part of the Conservatives to petition against Lord John ; but this is mere vapour , for both parties appear to have had quite enou&b for the present The agitation in behalf of the Charter was recommenced after the temporary suspension in consequence of the elections . Saint Pancras . — The members living here met at their room , the Feathers , Warren-street , on Monday last Mr . Barret was called to the chair . The balance sheet of she quarter was laid on the table for the members' inspection .
Mabylebone Election Committee . —This body met on Monday evening last , Mr . H . B . Marley in the chair . A long discussion , In which Messrs . Wall , Mortlock , and others took part , ensued , as to the best mode of obtaining claims to be rated before the 20 th of July . Afterwards claims from different members were handed In , and the meeting separated , Wednesday , July lih . THE following Is from Mr . Patrick O'Higsins , and addressed to . Mi . Cloave : — " Please to send me 10 » 0 copies of • What is a Chartist ? ' and copies of the 'People's Charter . ' They are to be given to the Industrious classes of this city ( Dublin ) , amongst whom I am happy to say the principles are taking deep root , and spreading rapidly . " Dated Dublin , 30 th of 6 th Month , 1841 .
London has this week been visited by two fires ; one , which broke out on the premises once held by the notorious White , who was executed for arson some seven years since , and the other , which has occasioned the loss of one human life , in the New Koad .
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STTNDBRLAND . —Odd Fellowship . —On Monday even ing , the brethren of the Earl Durham Lodge of the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows celebrated the third anniversary of the Lodge , by a dinner * at Mr . Rodgers ' , Black Swan , Bishopwe&rmouth . Up wards of 100 , including some friends from Shields , and other country distriotB , sat down to a splendid dinner , at four o ' clock . Mr . Wm . Raine officiated as chairman , and Brother James Phillips occupied the vice-chair . Having done justice to the various viands , the cloth was removed , the tables cleared , and the chairman called upon the brethren to prepare a bumper . The following toasts , sentiments , and songs were given in due order , by the chairman and other
brethren and friends : — " The Queen "—( after which the national anthem was sung in beautiful style , ) " Prince Albert and the Princess ''—responded to by three cheers . " Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows , " honoured with three real Kentish fires . Song" Down Hill of Life / by Brother Dryden . "The Grand Master and Board of Directors , " received with musical honours . " Trade and Commerce of the Town and Port of Sunderland . " " The District Officers of the Order , " given with musical honours , and responded to by D . G . M . McDougle . Brother N . 6 . Reed , of the Albion , favoured the company with a beautiful recitation , delivered , ia excellent style . The chairman next gave— " Our worthy host and hostess , may we long live to meet them on such
occasions , and may they long live to enjoy our society "—received - with musical honours . Brother Tomlinson then gave—** John Jones , " a capital comic song , Mr . Applegarth , of South Shields , being invited by the chairman , rose and delivered a very excellent address on the nature , object ? , and advantages of Odd Fellowship , in the course of which he observed , that although the society was not a political one , yet every member must often feel how its usefubesi was cramped and retarded by the present character of our political institutions and laws . The food which they had partaken of was all taxed to support others ; the room which they met in , though a good one , was very inferior to what they desired , and would have , when every town should have its
"People ' s or Odd Fellows' Hall . " He then noticed the Widows and Orphans' Fund , and concluded an excellent address , by hoping he should have the pleasure of again meeting them , ia increased numbers and power at their next anniversary . Mr . Wilson sang , with great effect , " The Bloom is on the Rye . " The vice-chairman gave— " England the Hope of the World . " CCheers . ) Mr . MoCully gave— '' May Loyalty and Domestic Happiness abound , " and the chairman called upon Mr . Williams , who had been invited as reporter for the Star , to respond to the sen * timent . Mr . W . complied and addressed the brethren assembled upon the nature of loyalty , and the important and comprehensive duties , devolving upon all who wished to see domestic happiness , advising them not to confine their philanthropic exertions to their own society , but to aid as far as they could , all , who
like thorn , were struggling to increase the amount of human happiness and remove the causes of existing suffering . Brother Anderson gave— " The Good Old English Gentleman ; " the chairman , " the health of Mr . Crosby . " Mr , Crosby returned thanks and concluded by presenting the society with £ 1 . Mr . Middlehuret gave— - "Friendship , Love , and Truth , " and recited a piece of poetry , appropriate to it . N . G . Reed , being invited by the chairman , then rose and gave—* ' Prosperity to the Manchester Unity of Odd Fellows , " and supported the same by an able speech , in the course of which he gave ; many striking facts , illustrating the rapid spread of Odd Fellowship ( its increase averaging 100 per day , ) and comprising , at the present time , about one-twenty-fourth of the
population of Great Britain , and the clear annual surplus of its fund being upwards of £ 1 , 300 per annum . He concluded by exhorting all to renewed energy . ( Loud cheers . ) Brother McCully gave— " May the Order of Odd Fellowship flourish like the Rose in Spring , and its bright beams illumine every Nation of the Earth . " ( Cheers . ) Brother James Smith rose and said , he had to propose the health of a gentleman then present , who had been invited aa a guest , and who would give them the benefit of his services as reporter for that excellent paper , the Northern Star . ( Cheers . ) The gentleman to whom he alluded was Mr . Williams . The cheering with which the toast was received having subsided , Mr . Williams acknowledged the honour , and addressed the company at some length upon the principles , spirit , and conduct which Odd Fellows were bound to support and evince in their general conduct as citizens ot' the , state . Mr .
McCully gave— " The Stewards of the Society , and thanks to them for their exertions . " The stewards acknowledged the honour . Mr . McCully next gave" The Widows and Orphans' Fund , " which was ably and eloquently responded to by N . G . Reed , who gave numerous facts in support of the utility and admirable workings of that fund . The healths of the chairman and vice-chairman were severally given with the usual honours , and suitably acknowledged by those gentlemen . It having been represented to the members that two of the brethren had been for some time ont of employment , a collection in their favour was proposed and carried into effect , producing the bum , of £ 1 , which was divided between the two brethren , and acknowledged by them with thanks . The principal portion of the company now retired , after an evening ' s enjoyment of the feast of reason and the flow of soul .
RICHMOND . —At the petty sessions held at Richmond , on Saturday last , for the division of Gilling West , George Chalder , of Arkengarthdale , was charged by the inspector of weights and measures , with having two deficient weights . The weights forfeited and to pay costs . James Peddy , of Fremington , for having two deficient weights ; fined 10 a . and costs . - : Richmond Police Office . —Martin Tweddle , of Whashton , was brought before the sitting Magistrates , charged by Mr . J . Whiting , police officer , with furious driving on his cart , he having no reins to his horse . Fined 5 s . and costs . Willliam Eden , of Melsonby , for a similar offence , 5 a . and costs . Thomas Lendly , of Hunton , was committed to the
House of Correction , at Northallerton , for two months to hard labour , as a rogue and vagabond , he having a quantity of skeleton keys , picklocks , &o . Isaac Finch , of Richmond , charged with assaulting the police officer in the discharge of bis duty . Fined 10 s . foe the assault , 5 s . for , being drunk , 2 a . 6 d . for damage done to the lock-up , and costs . BX 3 ftMINOHAM . —Gband Pbocsssion of thb Independent Obdkb of Odd Fellows . —One of the most numerous , and respectable processions ever witnessed in Birmingham took place on Monday last . Upwards of forty lodges of the above numerous and well-conducted Order , attended by several bands
of music in military uniform , paraded the town , and produced a pleasing . effect , from the number and beauty of their banners and other regalia . In the centre of the throng was a carriage Burmounted with evergreens aud flowers , in which was placed the widows of their deceased brethren . The procession waaled by maxshalmen on horseback , and was attended by a large number of police . After attending at several churches , the members again formed in procession , and proceeded to their respective lodges , where dinners were prepared for their accommodation . - -A large number dined at the Town Hall , which was fitted up fox the occasion ; an excellent band was in attendance , and all passed off ! &the . most orderly and satisfactory mann e *
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v Thames Police . —A Mud Lakk . —Katharine Macarthy , a very aged Irish woman , who was one mass of mud and filth , was brought before Mr . Brpderip , on Tuesday , charged with stealing coals from the craft on the river . The wretched creature , who made her appearance for about the fiftieth time at this court , has been known to the river police as a " mud lark" for the last thirty years , and she has been repeatedly fined and imprisoned for plundering the coal-barges , but she no sooner leaves prison , than Bhe is to be seen wading through the mud amongst the co&l-b&rges , picking up stray lumps of coal , and forcing large pieces overboard , which Bhe ' i paints'in . a peculiar manner , by * first washing the dust off with water , and afterwards rubbing the mud over them , to give them an appearance of having fallen
over by accident . It is this umawM trade whioh has so often got Kate Macarthy into trouble . Last winter , during the severe frost , and while the river was covered with ice , and the coal barges were looked in opposite the wharfs by masses of ice , was the old , woman pursuing her business , alternately wading up to her arm-pits in the mud , and thea walking into the river to wash herself , the ice and the coldness of the water seeming to make no impression upon her . She is the dread of the Thames-police and has often set them at defiance . On many occasions after wading through the mud-bank , she has embraced the officers like a bear , and , after halfsmothering them , has left them as muddy as herself . On Monday the prisoner was detected amonc the coal
> arges at the Salisbury-wharf , belonging to Messrs . Pugh and Judkins , in the Strand , and Griaistone , a Thames police inspector , observed her take some large pieces . of coal off the barges , throw them into the mud , and paint them all over , and then deposit them in a bag lying upen the hard . She was about to leave the place laden with as many painted coals aa her strength would sustain , when Grimstone stopped her , and said she must come along With him . She immediately threw down her bag of ceaW , and ran back into the mud . A river constable made an attempt to stop her , and she hanged him closely , and dragged him into a mud bank . They rolled over each other , and the old woman appeared to consider it as glorious fun ; but it was nearly death to the man , who came out of the mud quite exhausted , - and in the msst pitiable condition hat can well be imagined . Kate . Macarthy
buried herself in the mud up to her chin , and Grimstone and two other officers , fearing that they should meet the same fate as their companion , whose clothes were completely spoiled , left her there until the tide rising , compelled her to come ashore . She th « n surrendered to the police , and asked them what they thought of a mud-lark . Grimstone said-that the depredations of the old woman were very serious to the coal-merchants , and that she made four or five trips per day , and carried off as much as 1 cwt . of coals each time . The prisoner , on being called upon for her defence , Baid she found all the " coals" in the mud , except one lump , which a coal-porter whipped out of bis Back , and that she was an honest mud-lark . Mr . Broderip sentenced the prisoner to six weeks ' imprisonment and hard labour .
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Paisley . —The Paisley nomination came off on Wednesday , on hustings erected in front of the county buildings . At about half-past twelve o ' clock . Sheriff Danlop appeared with a considerable number of electors , and took his station in . front , with Mr William Thomason , our Chartist candidate , on his left hand , and Mr . Hastie , the late Member , on hia right . After the usual forms had been observed , the Sheriff put the usual question , if any one had a candidate to propose . Provost BisBett then stepped forward and proposed Archibald Hastie , Esq . Mr . Brown , of Egypt Park , seconded the nomination of Mr . Hastie . On the question having been put by the Sheriff , if there were any others to be proposed , Mr . William Campbell 8 * Id—yes , my Lord ; there ia another ; I have to propose my friend , Mr . William Thomason , as a fit and proper person to represent this town in
Parliament . He would just advert to what had been said by the mover of Mr . Hastie . He ( the Provost ) did all that he could to prevent the return of Mr . Hastie at the last election ; and the reasons S ' ven now for changing hia opinions are , that Mr . astie h < 8 shown himself an honegt and consistent Reformer . Let ns see what he has done to deserve this to be said of him . Look to his conduct with regard to the factory question ! Did he not vote that the poor children should remain sJaves , and for ever , for aught he cared ! And when a motion was brought before the House for the liberation of the Chartist prisoners , 'where was ho thent Why , skulkinir behind backs , aad not daring to Bhew hia ' re&l senti-• jjejats openly . After Bhowing tip in a very effective manner the mockery of the Ministerial anasures . Mr . Campbell concluded , amidst ioad cheer
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'— — — — — — ^™^^^»^^^™ p" ^^^ EXECUTION AND RESUSCITATION OF A MURDERER , WONDERFUL EFFECTS OF GALVANISM . John-White , convicted of the murder of Messrs Gwatkin and Glen , on board a flat boat on the Ohio river , was executed at Louisville , United States , oa the 8 th ult ., a little after six o'clock in the morning . The rope not " playing" well occasioned the knot to slip over the chin , instead of being under his ear ; so that his neck was not broken by the fall . He was cut down , after hanging aboat twenty-five minutes , and his body given to the doctors for the purposes of experiment . ; =.
, The Louisville Cttt / Gazette ( give ? the annexed extraordinary circumstances attending an experi ment with the galvanic battery : — "The poles of a powerful galvanic pile , which hid been ; prepared for the occasion , were immediately applied to him , and , to the ' unutterable joy of all present , with the moat perfect success . Oa the first application / of the fluid to his body , which was yet warm and trembling , a universal tremor was seen to pass ov « r hia frame -: on a sudden he arose from his bench to a sitting posture , and with great eagerness and impatience raised hia hand to his neck , trying to grasp the scarf in his fingers and tear it from his throat ! He first snatched at it with great rashness , as though the rope was yet around his neck , and then continued some moments
picking at the seam with his fingers , as though it wa 3 something that adhered to his throat , giving him great uneasiness . But this symptom was soon forgotten , for almost the next moment he rose upon hia feet , raised his arms level with his breast , and , opening his blood-shot eyes , gave forth from his mouth * a most terrific screech , after which his chest worked , as if in respiration , in a very violent manner . Every one at this minute was as mute as death , when one of the surgeons exclaimed that he was alive . The excitement was too great to allow time for a reply to the remarks ; every eye was rivetted upon the agitated and shaking corpse . The operator continued to let upon it a full quantum of the galvanic fluid , till the action upon its nerves became so powerful that it
made a tremendous bound , leaping by a sort of imperfect plunge into a corner of the room , disengaging itself entirely from the wires whioh communicated the galvanism . All immediately drew around the body . For a moment after its fall jt seemed perfectly motionless and dead ; a surgeon approached , and , taking hold of his arm , announced that he thought he felt a slight though a single beat of the pulse . The galvanic operator was just going to arrange hie machine to give another charge , when the surgeon exclaimed that he breathed . At thia moment he gave a long gasp , rising and gently waving his right hand ; his sighs , continued for two minutes , when they ceased entirely . His whole frame seemed to be agitated , his chest
heaved , and his legs trembled . These effects were supposed to be caused by the powerful influence of the galvanic fluid upon the nerves ; none of these movements were yet supposed attributable to th © action of life . It was considered that the animating principle of nature had left hia frame and could never be again restored . ' In the very height of anxiety , the surgeon announced that he could feel feeble pulsations . A piece of broken looking glass was immediately held before his nostrils , which was instantly covered with a cloud . The most intense anxiety was felt for some seconds , when , the motion of hia chest , as in the act of respiration , became visible . He rolled his eyea wildly in their sockets , occasionally closing them , and giving most
terrific scowls . In about five minutes hia breathing became tolerably frequent—probably he would give one breath where a healthy man would give four . His breathing , however , rapidly increased . The doctors began to speak to him , but he gave no ' indications that he heard a word . He looked on the scene around him with the most death-like indifference . ' A young medical student approached him , and , taking hold of his arm and shoulder , White rose upon his feet , took two steps thus supported , and seated himself in an arm chair . His muscles seemed to relax , and he appeared somewhat overcome with the exertion he had made . A bottle of hartshorn was immediately applied to his nose , whioh revived him , bat his life seemed to be that of a man muoh intoxicated . He seemed
upon one occasion to try to give utterance to some feeling , but , from an unknown oause , an impediment probably occasioned by the execution , he was unable te give utterance to a word . His system was critically examined , and , though he was pronounced by' the doctors to be perfectly alive , yet he could live but a very few minutea , for congestion of the brain was rapidly taking place . Every method was taken to equalise the circulation , and save the patient from the terrible consequence of so sad a catastrophe , but in vain . The blood vessels of the head were enormously distended , and his eyes appeared to be balls of clotted blood . His system was immediately thrown into direful spasms , and he died in a few minutes in the moat excruciating agonies .
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—~ ¦—¦ ~~ 4 r THB NORTHERN STAR ,
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Mb . 0 Connob has received a post-office order for 15 s ., for Peter Hoey , from the Chartists of Honwood , near Paisley . Their letters shall appear next week . Mb . O'Connor begs to know why he has not received any answer from Sinclair , Gateshead , to his letter of Saturday , the 3 rd . Mb . O'Connor has made arrangements for contesting the seats for Edinburgh , Norwich , Newcastle , and Sunder land ; but it would be imprudent to publish notice of the intended course , as the enemy generally succeed by secresy and stratagem : hnwever , Mr . O'Connor soys that he has not a shadow of doubt upon his mind as to the illegality of the return in each of the above
places . Mb . O'Connor received the very flattering address from the females ofOldam ; fie thanks them most sincerely , and will go on as he commenced , and is glad to find he has gained their approbation . He has also received the address and invitation of the men of Oldham , for which he feels much obliged , and if in his power will comply with the latter . But "first catch your hare "—first , he must be at large . John Robinson . —Thanks for his extract from Dugdate ' s New British Traveller . We have not room for it this week , but shall certainly make use of it . Mb . George Julian Harney . —The Stockton Radicals wish a lecture from him at his first
convenience . If he can oblige them , he will be good enough to write Mr ., Charles Winspear , Brunswick-street , Siockton-on-Tees . John M ^ Fam-Jn has received for the Chartists of Merthyr Tydvil , per David John , ten shillings , towards the expences of Dr . M'Douall ' s election committee , at Northampton . Northampton Chartists are a week too late with their report of the nomination of candidate * . We have riot room for the printed addresses . Samuel Jonks . —His letter is not distinctive enough in its details for publication . W . Elliott . —His letter was received , and a notice
to that effect was written fat the usual notices to correspondents , but omitted by mistake . Gkobge jBrown Abbott , Richmond . —If he will send to Mr , Hill the particulars of his address , se that a note may reach him by post , Mr . H . will communicate with him . David Cbokktt . —The instance he gives us of middle class jugglery is but one among thousands . Total Abstinence . —Mary Smith , w } feof Mr . T . B . Smith , a teetotaller of four years standing , wishes her name added to the glorious band icho have signed the Chartist Total Abstinence Declaration . [ We wish every teetotaller ' s wife would go and do likewise . ' ] ... .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 10, 1841, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct387/page/4/
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