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In the Press, and will be Published next Saturday Prico Twopence, Numbers 2 and 3 (double number) of the LA'ROTT'R.'F.Tf ft> T.TWR.A'R.V:
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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riONTAINING THE REMEDY for National \ J Poverty and Impending National Ruin ; or the only safe way of Repealing the Corn Laws , by enabling each . Working Family in Britain to produce a "CHEAP LOAF" and a "BIG LOAF " for themselves at Home 1 By P . O'CONNOR , E * q , Barrister-at-Law , and Prisoner for Libel in York Castle . Addressed to the Landlords of Ireland . Also , now on Sale , a Complete LIST OF THE NEW HOUSE OF COMMONS , For a Penny ! Give Orders for " Labourers' Library" immediately . Printed and Published by Joshua Hobson , No , S , Market Street , Leeds : and by A . Hkywood , Manchester ; and J . Cleave , London .
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No . 1 , price 3 d . each , in Wrapper Is . 4 d ., or with Boards , 2 s . AN Inquiry into the Nature of Responsibility , as deduced from Savage justice , Civil justice , and Social justice ; with some remarks upon the doctrine of Irresponsibility , as taught by Jesus Christ and Robert Owen ; also upon the Responsibility of Man to God . By T . Simmons Mackintosh , author of the " Electrical Theory of the UnivjsBse . " " Id quod ntile Bit honestum esse , quod autma . inutile sit turp © © sse . " Plato de Rep . Birmingham : Printed and Published by James Guest , 93 , Stoelhouse Lane ; London : Cleave , Shoo Lane ; and Watson , City Road ; Manchester : Hey wood ; Leeds : Hobson ; Liverpool : Stewart , White Chapel ; and all Vendors of Periodicals .
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JUST PUBLISHED , W AT TYLER , or the Poll-Tax Rebellion , an Historical Play in Fire Acts . BY JOHN WATKINS . Written before the Author read Southey ' s , and dedicated to Sheridan Knowles . London : Printed for the Author , and Published by him at 9 , Bell Yard , Temple-Bar ; and may be had of all Booksellers . PBICE SIXPENCE .
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REDUCED FREIGHTS AND FARES . YARMOUTH , HULL , AND GOOLE . THE STEAM SCUOOSEU TRIS , Captain Mark Jackson , is now plying on thfl 1 above Station as usual , leaving Goole ... every Tuesday Hull ~ Wednesday . Yarmouth ~ Saturday .
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cheap com would considerably increase the price of \ ten d and would enable fanners to bear much higher ' ygnts . As to manure , Sir , I beg to assure you that the ] test in the -world is to be found in a man ' s arm and i foot Trith a upads at the end of it . Hon . and Rev . Sir , at it ia a favourite practice of I jaise to answer a man oat of his own lips , -will yon hare the goodness to read the following passage in answer to , the Hon . sad Rev . Mr . Baptist Noel's awuasoe , thai ' rents would be raised by a repeal of the Corn Laws . The author of the " Plea for the Poof * says : — j
" But the proposed change would be still more oer- ! thinly beneficial to the labourers . A certain proportion j of arable land being turned into pasture , would lessen . ths amount of agricultural employment ; but mem while ! sn m&mited extension of our commerce , would so much \ enlarge manufacturing and mercantile employment , as i to drain the country of all its superfluous labourers ; ! cod this must increase the comforts of the poor . Fob XS IBE BESTS VlLl BE E-EPT D 0 W 5 , DOt t > T the ; liberality of tbe landowners , but by . tbe increased nnm- ¦ ber of sttt&tkms open to the children of the farmers , so j wagei will rise , not from the liberality of the farmer , \ but by the increased amount of employment for the \ poor . "
Is it not curious that this Her . Gentleman assures us ; that " rods wi l l be iept down , " while you tell us that : "formers trill be able to pay a higher re / U . " And , again , that " ft « y trflJ be matted to bear a still higher rent . " So , Rev . Sir , yon would "BY AN EXTENSION OF ! COMMERCE AND MANUFACTURES , DRAIN THE COUJfTRT OF ITS SURPLUS LABOURERS . ' i Now , Sir , if yonr book contained no other damning ; proof of the result contemplated by the " poob mas's friends , " I -would say horrible ! shocking ! sionstxcuB ! '
Why , Sir , have you not already sufficiently added to the numbers " living -without God and without hope , " but are TOC , the advocate for the poor , for driving ail the Sock from the pasture into the loathscme and squalid pens wbJcb tt "" in his dirty ava- , rice has prepared for them ? Ah . ' Sir , this is tbe xery thing against which I have been cautioning the j po or for whom I hare pleaded for many year ? . Yes , j xo&uy is the time I have told them , that not ruffi- dently warned fey the failures in tbe last lottery , all the poor agriculturists would greedily p-urchase tickets ' in the next : and thus add to the mister ' s reserve for tbe subjugation of labour .
Sir , if yonr plan was fully carried out , England , . in less than two years could cover Europe with a ¦ carpet and the Atlantic with a tarpaulin ; while every i Tpvn in tbe werld could be furnished with more ma- ' nufaetures from Slave-land than he could wear in the ; longest life 5 and the " NATURAL PRODUCERS " engaged in the good work starring the while . ' . ' ; EeT . Sir , I was struck , foraibly stroei , with each ; » n iDTitatJon as the following , coming from a shepherd j to his flock . You say , speaking of emigration— " Let ) tijose who have sesse and coithage , seek happier
homes , if they will , under fairer skies and less crowded shores . " Sir , your definition of sense and courage must be very curious indeed ; but , pray , could you have cast a more ratting reflection upon yourself and our rulers , than arecommendatieBtoall who had " sense" and " courage" to abandon their country , and shorten their days " in tie land -which the Lord their God has given them ? " In truth , Sir , " sense and courage" are qualities now but little required , and less valued , in a nation of smoke kitchens . Hon . and Rev . Sir , I have reserved the crowning feature ef yonr romance for the last . In page 25 you
"As we hare now Been that the working classeB would be f reat gainers by the change from an artificial to a natural state , which should leave them theii right of bnying com in exchange for their labour , let us consider whether this change is , on other accounts , inconvenient 01 dangerous . " In God's name , Sir , 1 tsk whose servant you are , that you thus set up a Ged in each country of the universe substituting art for nature here , and nature tor art there ? "What do y » u mtan , Sir , by falling that labour
" natural * which is regulated by masters' conspiracy ; in the exercise of which the sexes are sometimes immorally thrown together , and always like swine , whereby the sick and the healthy , the halt and the light of limb , the young and the old , are constrained to rise at the same hour , to eat at the same hour , to work ail the same hours , and thus obey the artifice of tp » ti instead of following the dictates of nature , and yet none having controul over their own produce . Call you <* " > + natural ?
But , Sir , again I ask , how you committed the blunder of calling manufactures the " natural state" in England , while you would call it an " artificial state" incountrias producing corn for Britons ? Surely , Sir , if agriculture is an artificial state in England , it must be equally so in Poland , Russia , and Germany . But who can have patience to comment upon such folly . Men working fer others for little remuneration ; women , in consequecce thereof , producing cripples and carrying those cripples to the slaughter-house upon their
backs ; hiring strangers to suckle them ; estranged from than in youth , unknown by them in manhood , aad separated frem them in old age ; such , Sir , is what you call a " natural" state of society , while , of course , Trmn digging in H » own field for t ^ support of himself , his wife , and his family , multiplying and replenishing ttie earth over which his God gave him dominion , is an " artificial" state . Hon . and Rav . Sir , believe me that those who naturally use your artificial blunders laugh at your credulity .
My letter has now run to a great length ; but I thought it right to let the poor , on whose behalf I plead , see that I was ready and willing to meet all opponents who entered the magic field of political economy . I may be passed over f 01 a time in silence ; but yet others p ^ x ^ not assault the garrison of Eatual labour while 1 hold the post of sentinel . RfeV . Sir , I shall not , like the lasy shepherds , sleep upon my past , and then attribute tbe disasters caused by my own neglect to the vices , crimes , or follies of the reflected .
Hoc and Her . Sir , it is not wonderful that Ministers of Christ ' s Gospel shoald become speculators in grata , when a whole body of shepherds lately assembled at Manchester , have had the matchless effrontery to pubHsh " SCHEMES" and prospectuses , such as the following , in aid of money p-ofits and speculations . Bead the following table of profit and loss : — M Wesleta * Cemesabt Fr > D . —The General Committee wet on Wednesday week , the Rev . Jaiues Dison , the newly eletted President of the Confereece , ill tfof * r . } SftiT _
" Jamts Wood , Esq ., the General Treasurer , said the amounts he had already received , made up a grand total of £ 155 , 000 and upwards . The amount received from the foreign stations was above £ 8 , 009 . He rejoiced that these infant churches had acted so nobly , and , in conclusion , expressed bis thankfulness to Gvd far the amount already realiaed . ** In answer to ii , gnirie $ made by the Rev . J . Fowler sad others , it appeared that there were considerable khis yet to be received , ( the payment of which was certain .. , bo ' . h from home and fureigu circuits . " The committee continued a long time in deliberation oa the best method of securing payment of any outstanding balances , and also on the ultimate appropriation of rfce surplus .
" Tbiuka -were voted to the Treasurer , Jimes Wood , Esq .-, and to tbe Secretaries , Messrs West , Lomis , I- P . Bblhus , J . D . Burton , and John Westliead , ifta which the " proceedings closed . " On tte folio-wing evening , the Appropriation ComititSee met , according \ o the appointment of the General Committee , to make a final appropriation of the varplus ; when they unanimously agreed to the EttiEme : " 1 . To raise the Guarantee Fund , 'in
irder to meet the current and inadtctal eipensfs of the Fund and to stcore thg fnil optration of the Jvew Auxiliary Fund * from £ 10 , 000 to ... £ 15 , 000 " 2 . Additions ! to the Cenunary Chapel Relief Fund , to assist in meeting the claims upon that fund until the Loan Fund hMbeen worked cut 3 , 000 " 3 . To the ilission Fund for tie annual repairs , &c cf the Centenary KoU sad Mission Hoi ^ e 2 , 000 20 , 000 ¦ ' Amount offormer Appropriation . .. 170 , 000
i ' l tiO ^ OO " Btitg the present amount of the Cenierary Fund . " It * is iten resolved unanimously , that the Kas 4 ii-ir ^ strpha ihall be e quall y divided , as it is ^^ JTed , befKcfcii tte Theological lL £ lituu \ . n and the Jli&siotajy iccittv . "
Hen . aEd Rtv . Sir , I have jast se ^ n the conclusion of " COTTO " > " Tv , 'isTS" eleventh , production uponfr e trade , and , like the preceiing ones , it is headed— " Plemt to do . High Profits , Goon Wages , and Cheap "Run tv" -. ml . Sir . how do Ton think "COTTON TWIST "
« t £ t ou mecaX , £ 900 i " Tusa , s = Ij rea ( j o j yjg shepherds tgtbemg npon a " SCHEME f ind then , Sir , think of thsnfcs being * oted to a Mis B : rcL , for a donation of £ 1 , 000 / or the fi ot" » ersi ^ of tbe AsLaBtees , -srhile we hive 5 O- \ i > iO B »^ oar noses " living with ut Gvd and Bitirout
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hoper * aad think of the sums speculated upon bringing in a goodly return from the foreign market . In God ' s name , Sir , what is all this bat a " pioua fraad , " committed fay a Joint Stock Company of jobbers in faith ? Hon . and Re * . Sir , I find also that a number of queries are to be submitted to the shepherds of ether nocks , about to meet at Manchester ; and among ether * ,
I finiUie following : — " Haye you perceived any connection between high and low-priced food and an increase or diminution of the funds of yonr religious and benevolent Societies ? " Rev . Sir , what think you of that ? and may not the answer be ventured upon , and the motive in putting tbe question guessed at ? If there had not been any diminution of She funds , believe m « there would not have been any question about high or low wages !
Hon . and Rev . Sir , will yon allow me to add one query to those already proposed for sole tion . It shall be one easily answered , and decided on view—DO YOU PERCEIVE AST STRIKING DIFFEKEKCE BEIWEES THE APPEARANCE AM ) CONDITION OF THE SHEPHERDS AA'D THEIR FLOCKS ? AKD DO TOC OBSERVE iM SIMILITtTDE WHATEVER BETWEEN THE SHEP * HERDS OF THE NEW NATURAL STATE OF ARTIFICIAL SOCIETY OF THE PRESENT DAY AND THOSE DE . SCRIBED BT OCR SAVIOUR ? AND IF ANT ARE LEAN , DOES IT PROCEED FROM A WANT OF FOOD , OR OVERWORK . 1
> ow , Sir , that is my question ; I should wish you to answer it Sir , when at Manchester , yon will be within twenty minutes ( by the " NATURAL" mode of travelling ) of Bolton , Stcckport , Stalybridge , Hyde , Duklnfield , and Oidhsm . Xow all these towns , save Bolton , are within six and a half miles of Manchester , and Bolton is only ten miles distant . Hon . and Rev . Sir , my earnest request is that yon win put yourself in some convenient tborougfare , at 2 ve o ' clock in the morning , without the master's knowledge , and being there stationed , that you will look
upon God ' s image going to what you call his " natural " woik . Behold the swollen stomach , the emaciated limb , the splayed ancle , and splayed foot—see the grim features , made large by tbe flesh receding—look upon the crooked body—the tottering step—the Iittless air , and the almost lifeleas eye and blusbJess cheek of infants who have not yet seen one hundred months . See yonder father carrying his cripple to bis natural work , while he himseJf" is denied employment at the artificial land . See yonder female about te produce an artificial labourer—look at her and blush , and then say that you are , any of you , followers of Christ and supporters of the poor .
Sir , go again at eight at night and remain till ten , aad see the Natural state in which they come from their natural work . Ah . ' Sir , never again write down the condemnation of self and brothers , by publishing to the World that we have 500 , 000 of a flock " living without God and without hope , " while the amount devoured by the shepherds , estimating the "flock" at five to a family would allow , £ 100 per annum to each family ; or 500 , 000 acres
of cliurch land would feed them , clothe them , fat them , give them hope , and make them bless God g Yes , Sir , one-fourth of the tithe , that is , one-fortieth part of the annual amount raised by the State sbepherds alone , wonld psy 10 s . an acre for 500 , 000 acres , npon -vrhich all those now " living without God and without hope" would become happy , Bober , and thrifty . Will the shepherds give a fortieth—one quarter , of the tenths ?
Pray , ' Rev . Sir , has it ever stroek yon that there must be something reij , rtry , wrong in that natural state in which you see the splendid draft-horses of Sir Feelix Boothe , drawing gin to the palaces under the very nose of the head of our church ? Have you seen those horses , Six , particularly tha teams of Rom ' s ? Have you ssen their protection against a shower , the fit of their harness—1 cannot vulgarly cal it tackling ? Have you seen your face in the bright brasses and polished skins , and have you blushed to torn &ora tbe fat blasts to some of the lean tribe who pass you , bearing GcxTs unage , and from whom you turn in disgust while you feast your eyes upon the fat horse and his gorgeous trappings ?
Now ,, Sir , which is the artificial , and which is in the natural state—the man or the beast ? and in the eyes of God , whieh of the parties will be most guilty , Sir Fcelii who makes the poison , the poor heart-bioken creatures who take the poison , or the monarch and her servants who live upon thej poison , and therefore allow Sir Fcelis to traffic in the poison ? Hon . aud Rev . Sir , have you seen the stables of these horses and their curtained windows ? If not , pray go and see them , and then visit those hovels of wretchedness from which the means come , and then tell me that Poland , Russia , and Germany are to cure the evil !
-Sir , do ' nt you think Sir Foetx ia a disinterested advocate for " cheap bread , " or cheap mall , whidi is aK iht same ? I wish he would treat us to his " P 2 ea for the Pour . " SiTj in looking ] ~ over your book again , I find one sentence marked for comment , which escaped my notice , it ia this ; you say : — " For , whereas , now corn rises in bad y « krs to 66 or 70 shillings the quarter , and quantity under the fixed duty might be imported from foreign countries at tbe rate of 57 to 58 fihilllings , and would therefore keep the price down to that leveL "
Now , Sir , here we have the whole thiDg tor which the people are to contend . You have before told us , and you now repeat it , that with a duty of 8 s ., 583 wuuld be the lowest price at ¦ which foreigners could supply our 'wants , 'while you designate 6 $ s ., that is the average of 66 s . and 70 s ., as a high and destructive priee . Well , then , suppose you required 4 , 000 , 000 quarters in aid of British wheat ; or to put it more advantageously for you , suppose that you required this foreign standard to reguiate the price of the whole stock for consumption , what would be the difference between the lowest imported price and the highest home price ? Why just 10 a . the quarter , or five millions of money upon ten millions of quarters . '
Sir , I have taken your otto calculations—not that 1 . esteem them as correct , but to argue upon . I do j not estesm them as carrect ; because I feel con- j vinced that many countries could send « s wheat at 40 s . the quarter , after paying a duty of 81 Pray ; Sir , bear in mind , that ten million quarters of wheat i Would furnish to twenty million persons , old and j young , infants , delicate women , old persons , and the I aristocracy , 2 t > 0 pounds of household flour per an- j nuni ; ard that , after all , the difference between the j highest home price and lowest continental price upon \
the whole stock would be £ 5 , 000 , 600 . Two hundred pounds uf flour would bake into more than three I hundred and sixty-five pounds of bread , which would j give an average of three and a half stone of bread j we * kly to a family of seven , J In truth , Sir , you have put all former calculators j to sinjaa upon this subject , for thsy estimate the j difference occasioned by restriction at millions up- J on millions picketed by the landlords ; always
losing sight of the fact that the millers' atd bakers' > profits , the ereatest profits , would still remain ; and ' just as Sir Fcelix Booth would make little or no re- ; duction in the price of gin , -whatever may be the alte-, ration made ty a free trade in the price of the raw , material , we should find the loaf corning from the Russian oven bearing evident marks of grinding and ; baking before tUe natural labourer could purchase it 1 Sir , -while at Manchester and among the flock , pny do as all ceod shepherds do ; gather them , examine I
them and u'iminister to their wants . I trust , Sir , that with ilr . James Leech at their head , the neglected sheep -will invite the negligent shepherds to a conference . This ought to be done , and then you would learn from the ignorant people , that they believe those calling . ; thtmselvcs shepherds only keep wolves from the fold trhea tte mutton is becoming too scarce t « be \ divided . i
conduces HIS Plea for the ignorant English peo ple Why , Sir , ra- > st characteristically trith a Greek quotation from " book 2 of Thucyd ., " and of -which he gives \ Thst he cs ' . ' sa "fret iranfl'jUton . Rev . Sir , if tLis is not free-trade with a vengeance , I inow not what is . Bat , Sir , I fear that
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the anticipations from free-trade in com will be as unlike the literal thing as Mr . "Cotton Twist's" free tranalxtion is unlike the literal construction of tbe original . Sir , I hare now done ; and if any should consider my answer to your " Plea" too long for a newspaper , I have only to euj that in no other shape could the reduced operatives purchase it—and I believe it to be necessary , in some shape , a& on antidote to the poison of your " Plea for the Poor . " However , Sir , I have now appealed from yourself and the fonr anti-monopolist Editors to the people . Our respective " Pleas " on their behalf -will be before them ; and it will be for them , as an enlightened jury , to decide in favour of the one or the other . I have the honour to remain , Rev . Sir , Your obedient and very respectful humble Servant , Feargcs O'Connor .
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David Cater recommends , as a means of removing much of the prejudice aruing from their ignorance of Chartist principles from the minds of the middle classes , the members of the National Charter Association resident in the various districts of the metropolis , to use their best influence to prevail on keepers of coffee-houses , 8 ( c ., to accept the weekly loan of the Northern Star , National Vindicator , and other invaluable vehi ~ cles that advocate our cause ( purchased by the individual members J , and to impartially allow their customers the reading of the same . Secondly—for each said locality to form a loan tract society of sound political Chartist principles , to be similarly conducted as tho * e are in the
reliffiotts bodies ; for each tract to be stitched in sti ff paper covers , and on the outside of each to have a printed label posted , bearing an advertisement of all your local meetings , the place and time , when and where the readers of them can become members of your association , and appoint a committee to select and purchase the tracts , and have the entire management of the same . The funds to carry those societies into effect to be raised by voluntary subscriptions , the profits of the sale of social festivals , concerts , and dancing admission tickets . J . G . would recommend every association to form a society for the reception and distribution of the Star , or any Chartist publication , among the
middle classes ; that an active committee be chosen , and that its business be to receive information from the different members where there are ignorant or prejudiced middle-class men , and that they endeavour to get papers and send them by post to such individuals before the papers get a week old . Leicester Chartists . —Their " address" has been sent to Mr . O'Connor , and will probably be published next week . T . R . N . Clovek . —The enigma has been answered . " Frilnd" must take the same answer . P . P . Shellt . —We have no room . A Female Chartist . — We have at present a heavy slock of poetry on hand .
A Citizen of Cork must excuse us : our space is full . J . P . —His " Lines to O'Connor" shall appear . A Real Democrat , Brighton . —Thanks for hii kifidly and very proper letter : it shall have cur best attention : and if the evil exists any longer , it thall be the fault of the Brighton friends themselves . Will a " Real Democrat " send us his address ? 3 . R . Rav . 'LINGS . —We have no room . "The O'Connor Wklcomb" shall appear . Robert Suicliffe . —Our space isfu'l . Horticultural Show . —Robert Petty writes us to complain of ill treatment , by the Star and Garter Committee , at the late show at Kirkstall . He had ¦ paid his os . for entrance two days before the time of closing the li st , and given in his name and residence , and was not objected to until tlie morning ef the exhibition ; when , aftet the trouble and exvence of travelling , xcith his fruit , Src , a dis .
tance of twenty-two mites , he teas refused admission and his money relumed , on the plea of late payment and distant residence . He thinks he is i ll used ; avd , if his statement be true , we think so too Kkighlky Niw Church . —The Free Gardeners u > ish to state , that they did not vralk in procession at the laying of the foundation stone of this edifice . GiLLisG , near Richmond . — We have received a letter from this place , and cannot make out the signalure : will the author wi ite us aga \ n , and write his name plainly ? The Secretary to the Tadmorden Association requests a letter frem Dr . M'Douall as soon as possible . J . J . L . —His verses will not do . A . M ., Barnslby . —We have not room for "The Beauteous I sle . W . Martjx—A letter on Thursday morning will suit us , or , if the netcs be very important , on Friday
morning . Mr . Joseph Macdinald , of Neicry , acknowledges the reenpt of thirty-eight copies of the Northern Star , of the 3 > lst of July ; six copies of the ' Scottish Patriot ; two of the National Vindicator ; and one copy of the People ' s Charter , during the past tceefc . Mr . Macdonald ' s address is note 122 , High street , Newry . Thb Boston Chartists are desirous of knowing to whom they are to address at Lincoln for Chartist irijormation . It is desirable that this should be known as soon as possible . Address Wm . Fox , stone-mason , Boston , Lincolnshire . Hexrt Ross must excuse us : we are full . William Gbiggs must lake the same answer . A Dozen or two of Poets must take like answers . R . Co < ke , Dundee , received too late for nolice this weik .
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. » . Charles Stewart , St . Asdbsws .-Send Is . Qd . for the postage , § c : trill send by return . John Stein . —First : They must continue till the Plates are given . Second : Yes . To Agents . —those Agents who have their Plates from A . Heywojd , J . Cleave , or J . Guest , cannot have anything enclosed from the office , an the Plates are packed at the respective places , and not at the office m Leeds . £ . b . d . FOR MRS . FROST . From Mr . Jones , per Mr . Morgan , Bristol ... 0 1 0 _ Mr . Tredwell 0 2 6 _ Miss M . A . Phillips , London 0 10 ^ a few Shoemakers , per J . Blake ... 0 4 0
CHARTIST CONTESTED SEATS . From M ., Pentonville 0 1 0 .. the Vale of Leven Univeral Suffrage Association ... 1 0 F » R THE O ' BRIEN FUND AT NEWCASTLE . From Mr . T . Ireland , Dunfermline 0 10 FUND FOR PERSECUTED CHARTISTS . From Wm . Holliday , Moor-square , London OK 0 for j . b . o ' brie , n . From P&trick Fox , Manchester ... ... 0 2 S _ John Osman 0 0 6
FOR PRESS FOR J . B . O I 1 R 1 EN . From W . Livingston , Edinburgh 0 2 0 FOR RICHARDSON , MANCHESTER . From Old Squinsy 0 6 0 FOR THE WIVES AJ * D FAMILIES OF THE INCARCERATED CHARTISTS . From W . Holiday , Moor-square , London ... 0 10 6 FOR DUFFY . From the Paddock Chartists 0 10 0
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yBOM OUB LONDON CORRESPONDENT . Wednesday Evening , Aug . 11 ZA . City ov London . —Mr . Watkins preached here on Sunday evening , taking for his text , " from falae brothers deliver us . " A discussion ensued betVfecn Messrs . Stallwood , Watson , and Watkins . On Tuesday Mr . Santey -waB entertained by his supporters and friends at a public supper at the Feathers Tavern , Warren-stre ' . t , Tottenham Court Road , about 100 persons sat down to supper , Mr . Brettingham vras called upon to preside . After the removal of the cloth , the Chairman after a few prefatory remarks , proposed " The sovereignty of the people , tbe only source of legitimate power , " drank with three times three . The Chairman in introducing the next toast Baid , the company would , he was convinced , do honour to the toast he was about to propose ; for upon the acknowledgment of the principle , -which it contained , alone could the stability of all institutions be founded ,
the code which it patronised must eooner or later become the law . He proposed " The People's Charter , and may its principles speedily become the law of the land "—( cheering)—drank with all the honours . The Chairman then propose < " Tbe return to the old law of EHzibeth , and the annihilation of the Poor Law Ann-ndnitnt Act . " " The health of Mr . Sankey ' was the next toast , which was warmly responded to . 11 r . Sankey rose amidst ruuch cheering , and addressed the meeting , —he said he camo forward at the fast election to defend tbe peupib ' s cause , so that it should not be said that tbe mca uf Marylebone were without a candidate on the true principles of democracy . ( Hear , hear . ) He found both tbe factions had their men , and hu thought there ought to be a fair testing of principle . He kad the honour of fighting the batttle in behalf of the people , and though in that district tht-y bad not won , yet the people at the hustings nearly throughont the United Kingdom had proved they were tired of Both factions , and by their testifying of their
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principles , bad left both parties , in many instances , by a show of bands , In » minority . Tbe object of the people wa » , he felt convinced , te rid themselves of the thraldom of hereditary and legal wrong . He believed that until the people had good government no repose would be allowed . ( Hear and cheers ) Cost what it might , the factions were determined to govern the nation without granting that liberty which alone made tbe . free citizen , in their career , the people had proved they were determined not to be satisfied until their rights were conceded , and their wrongs redressed ( Cheers . ) Convinced , as he was , that the present system of legislation stood in need « of reform , he came forward the advocate of the People ' s Chatter , the abolition , nay , entire annihilation , of the Poor Law Amendment Act . ( Hear , hear . ) Upon tbp&a principles he stood , and upon tbe avowal of those principles he sought their suffrages . Why should not the man , and not the house , be represented ? Why not
intellect , and not material , be tbe test for admitting to the suffrage ? He would not detain them longer than by returning his warmest thanks to Ihoso around him , and declaring he was ever ready at their bidding to fight tbe battle of true reform , heedless of the worn-out cry of Whig against Tory . ( Cheers . ) Mr . Goodfellow proposed— "The electors who voted for Mr . Sankey at the last election . " The toast wae responded ' to by Mr . Nicholson . Mr . Wall proposed— " Tae speedy restoration of Frost , Williams , and Jones , and the release of all political prisoners . " Drank with three times three , the company standing uncovered . Mr . Hibble proposed— " The health of the Ladies . " " The success of the Northern Star , the only truly people ' s paper , " wan given and received amidst great applause . Mr . Peat addressed the meeting at some length , and the company broke up at a late hour , well pleased with the entertainment provided by the -worthy host .
The London Journeymen ' s Trades' Hall . — A lecture was delivered by Wm . Farren , jun ., before the Bermondaey Chartists , on Tuesday evening , at the Horns , Crucifix Lane , Bermonilsey-street . Subject"Tbe Moral and Social Improvement of tbe Men of London , which can only be obtained by having a London Journeymen ' s Trades'Hall . " After a vote of thanks to tbe worthy lecturer , several persons who were present promised to become shareholders . The business of the evening concluded by giving three hearty cheers for Feargus O'Connor , and three groans , loud and deep , for hie oppressors .
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Kemoval of- * the North Pier Lighthouse , Sunderland . —We have this week to record one of the most ingenious efforts of mechanical skill , which has ever been exhibited in the town of Sunderland . The enterprising engineer to the Commissioners of the R iver Wear , John Murray , Esq ., who has already mauifested so much , ability in improving our harbour , and our noble piers , has long been engaged in erecting a new pier on the North side of the river , for the purpose of widening the entrance to the port , and this being now nearly completed , it has become necessary to remove the lighthouse from the old pier to the present splendid erection . To give our distant readers an idea of the difficulty we may state that the height of the lighthouse is sixty-eight
feet , and its weight 280 tons . It was on Monday , the 2 nd inst ., every thing having been prepared for the attempt , that Mr . Murray carried the first part of his design into execution , and actually succeeded ia moving the ponderous mass twenty feet five inches to the northwards . The means by which this was accomplished will seem very simple when explained to our readers ; but in reality great ingenuity was requisite in overcoming difficulties , which , to many persons , seemed to present obstacles altogether insuperable . Five principal pulling screws were Btrongly fixed to Ihe glad * in front of the building , and Were attached to chains fastened to tho cradle upon which the lighthouse stands . These screws were worked by twenty-four men . In addition to these , there were four screws behind the
cradio to assist in propelling it , which were worked by three men each ; the total number of men employed on the occasion was forty . The cradle was supported on a great number of wheels , which travelled on eight parallel lines of rails , and the entrance end of the bracing was supported on slide balks . Operations were commenced at half-past three p . m ., » nd at a few minutes after eight it was safely landed on the new pier , where it now stands , without the slightest accident having taken place . The building is now intended to be carried 150 yards to the eastward , or very nearly to the end of ' the New Pier , and for that purpoeo it will be blocked upinitB present situation , until the railways and wheel timbers are reversed , which part of the work will occupy about a fortnight , when it is intended to res \ "ie the operations for its removal .
Value of Exercise . —Exercise , of which walking and dancing are but branches , is indispensable to health ; and cheerfulness is inseparable from activity / But exercise and activity are beneficial in proportion to the excellence of the motives which puts them into action . Thus it is that the efforts produce the clean hearth , the bright fire , polished furniture , and all the thousand charms of a wellordered home , so well reward tho dispenser—such exertions have called up her holiest feelings , brought her happiest pulses into play . I am certain , were personal activity less confined to the kitchen , liatleness would be less present in the parlour;—was there more action of hands , to say nothing of minds , there would be more overflowing of heart % r—English Chartist Circular .
Brutal Outrage upon two Females . - ~ At the Lewes assizes , James Clarke , aged 26 , a railway labourer , was indicted for a capital © ffence upon Lucy Sturt . Mr . Clarkson conducted the prosecution , and he described the case as one of an extraordinary and aggravated character ; and he observed at the same time , that although the legislature had Been fit to abolish the capital punishment for offences of this description , that alteration would not come into tffect for eome weeks , and , in point of fact , the life of the prisoner was at stake on the present inquiry . It appeared from the evidence that the prosecutrix , a very sickly young woman , twenty years of age , was left in charge of some younger children in her father ' s cottage at West Hoathly on the 13 th — C T .. ^ .. 1 a .. fc a J !*» 6 \* a miiUln # lF + I . A flair ? \\ A Vl « . t 1 blio
Ul VUlV XctOlr , HUU 111 W 1 U UIUUID VI U » J buo pilsoner and another man , named Robert Tandy , came to the house and asked the prosecutrix to give them some cabbages , but she said she must not do it , as her father would ^ scold her if she did . Without any thing more being said , the prisoner Clarke seized tbe poor girl , dragged her with great violence into an adjoining washhouse , and having locked the door , committed the offence imputed to him . He then called on the other man Tandy , aud he also asaulted the girl . The Jury found the prisoner guilty . Robert Tandy , 31 , was then indicted capitally for his share in the same transaction . The evidence was to the same effect as that adduced in the last case , and the Jury also returned a verdict of guilty . James M'Donald . aged 38 , was indicted for a similar
offence upon Jane Langbridge . The prosecutnx in this caBe was eighty-five years of age , and on the 23 rd of last , April ehe was lying in her bed , being poorly ; and the prisoner , who is a tramp , and gets his living by vending ballads about the country , found his way into the house , and committed the offence . The Jury found him guilty . Lord Chief Justice Tindal then ordered the three prisoners to be placed at the bar , and after observing upon the enormity of the offences they had committed , and the aggravated circumstances connected with them , ordered that judgment of death should be recorded againnst them , but he said , that although their lives would be spared , they would be transported for the remaining period of their existence .
The Right op a Soldier to his own "Kit . "At the Woolwich Police Court on Wednesday , there was a strong muster of the military , relative to a case to be deoided by the presiding Magistrate , Mr . H . Grove , respecting the "kit" of a soldier , found in the possession of an unfortunate nymph of the pave , named Elizabeth Weeks . It appeared by the statement of Corporal Scott , of the Royal Artillery , stationed at WooIwicU , that a gunner and driver , John Freer , of the regiment , had been absent since Sunday flight I last , and had made away with his " necessaries . " He had been subsequently taken , and acknowledged that he had deposited them with the prisoner at the bar ; she resided up Jacob ' s Ladder , High-street , and on her lodgings being
searched by police-constable Wheeler , 71 R , the articles now produced , consisting of a pair of trousers , shirt , towel , &c , nearly a complete "kit , " were found concealed under her bed . Mr . Grove— " Are the articles produced the man ' s own property ?" Corporal Scott— " After he has paid for . them . " Mr . Grove— " Then he has a right to dispose of his own property , aud I cannot assist you . " Mr . Nokes , solicitor , and the Magistrates' Clerk here intimated that all soldiers , according to the articles of war , were compelled to produce their " kit" complete every month on an examination of accessaries , and , if found deficient , were liable to be punished if they could not reasonably account for them . John Freer , the gunner and driver of the Royal Artillery , stated that he had been in the . regiment about teu months , and that he had taken the articles to the prisoner to take care of ; . they were right , and just as he left
them . The corporal mentioned to the worthy Magistrate that the man had been punished for the military offence by having a ring placed on his arm , and confined to barracks . Mr . Grove could not recognize the military law as stated ; he must look to the man ' s civil rights . What a man had paid for could not be called military stores . He had aokuowledged he had placed the articles hi the possession of the prisoner , therefore ehe could not be charged with either stealing or having unlawful possession of them ; and , although she was one of an unfortunate class of individuals , she had an equal right to protection with any other person . There is ne « harge against the prisoner ; the whole of the articles enumerated by the man are produced , consequently she is not even guilty of having made away with any portion of them , and she is discharged . The decision excited the astonishment of the military present , as the usual mode has _ been either to fine the parties or commit them tc prison .
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BUNDERXiANS . —Masters and Men . —We would not be parties to exciting feelings of hostility between employers aad the employed , but we should abandon our duty as the friends and advocates of the boos of toil , if we were not at all times ready to expose and denonnce the injustice and tyranny which ; the master class are so generally prone to commit on the poor slaves under their power . Last week we published an account of the proceedings before the Magistrates at Sunderland , on a dispute between some of the workmen and the Bishopwearmouth Iron .. Works Company . The magistrates , i t will be remembered , deoided against the masters , and expressed their opinions of the disreputable conduct of the masters in severe but just
terms . The decision of the magistrates galled some of those gentry to tke quick , and they toon Bought opportunities of inflicting their petty vengeance npon the moat intelligent swid spirited of the workmen . Four of them , John and Edward Wallis , Jobu and James Williams , received notice on Saturday last that they were to quit the employment in a fortnight ' s time . This was for the evidence given before the magistrates . Foimerly it was the practice to pay the men weekly , now , the company having been changed , a new system has been introduced by paying the men monthly , the masters retaining one week's work in their hands . Against this the men have strongly protested , and last week when this change was first made , without any notice , one of the men , John Callis , refused to take the wages offered ,
which was considerably less than he had earned . Tbe manager insisted upon his taking them , and on his continued refusal , he had the folly to send for a policeman to arrest the man because he would not take an instalment of his wages ! The policeman very properly refused , and great was the wrath of Mr . Bilston when he found that bis word had not the potency of an eastern Bashaw . The instalment was left on tho desk , and this week Mr . Bilston will have to show cause why he sets reason , justice , and law at defiance by his insolent conduct . Next week , we will report the result , and , in tho meantime , beg to hint to the present Company the propriety of retracing their steps , and earning that honourable character and competency , which tho former proprietors enjoyed .
KEIQHIiEY . —Monday Jast being a kind of general holiday , called Parish Feast , numbers of clubs and institutions took the opportunity of making their various public displays , by tea parties , processions , &c . The most numerous and imposing amongst the group was that of the votaries of the Established Church , who had chosen the occasion for laying the foundation stone of a new church , near the Paper Mill Bridge , the old one . according to their account , being too small for the growing demands of the publio , who appear to have taken a peculiar liking to its doctrines since the late attempt of the Rector to enforce the payment of Easter Dues To make the affair as brilliant as possible , a number of Church Parsons , Free Masona , Free Gardeners ,
Foresters , Second Quality , and Sunday Scholars , enclosed between two bands of music , formed in procession , and marched from the parish church t . i the site of the new building . The ceremony of laying the stone was there performed in the usual manner , but by whom is not so well known , as a few men , delighting in the name of constables , armed with heavy staves , beat back the working class , and would suffer none but the respectable portion of the crowd to witness the affair . It was , however , understood that the Rev . Gentlemen who spoke on the occasion expressed their high satisfaction at the spread of orthodox principles , and hoped that the time was not far distant when tbe number of churches would be sufficient to aocommodate th , e whole of the inhabitant ? , and thus finally swallow up the Catholics , and
all other denominations entertaining heterodox op - nions . The Ancient Order of Druids , about 100 strong , established at the Fleece Inn , also walked in procession from there to the Old Methodist Chapel , where a suitable discourse was preached on the occa sion . On their return to the Inn they partook of an excellent dinner , provided by the worthy host , Mr . John Walker . Brothers P . A , Clayton and P . A . Lonsdale conducted the prooeedings , and gave general satisfaction by their superior arrangements . On the same day , the teachers and scholars of the New Christian Church , at Club Houses , held their annual festival in their place of worship . The parties , as usual , enioyed themselves with tea ; after which the
children and young persons amused themselves in the yard with innocent redreations till the approach of evening . Another tea party was held in the Working Man ' s Hall , by the Female Chartists , got up by them for the express purpose of raising a fund for the purchase of a flag , in honour of the liberation of Mr . O'Connor . A numerous and convivial party of both sexes honoured the occasion , by partaking of tea , after which dancing was commenced and kept up till a late hour . The amount of profit , which was very handsome , will be applied to the purpose intended , and the flag will no doubt be long kept in remembraace of the man who has such a claim upon the love and respect of the labouring class .
HONXEV . —A large open-air meeting was held here on Wednesday evening last , to hear an address from Mr . George Julian Harney . The meeting was held in front of the shop of Mr » Wilkinson , who upon this , as oh former occasions , kindly granted the use of his premises to the Chartists . At eight o ' clock , the hour of commenciong proceedings , many hundreds had assembled . Mr . Christopher Wood was called to the chair , and introduced the speakor . Mr . Harney spoke for two hours , explaining and illustrating the Charter , showing its immense superiority over the Whig and Tory nostrums—and vindicating the right of each man to the franchise . Mr . Harney ' s spirit-stirring appeal was warmly responded to . At the conclusion of his address , three cheers was given for Frost , Williams , and Jones ; three for Feargua O'Connor ; and three for the Charter , and no surrender .
HUDDERSFIELD . —The Mercurial Correspondent , a Gulliver in kind , appears determined that the Mercury shall maintain the character Cobbett gave it , for ne says , in reference to the man Murray who committed the assault upon Spivey , that he had drank no less than three pints or brandy at the Dog Inn , that day . It may be requisite to keep up the title of the Mercury , and that tlw pitiful malignance of thiB great Gulliver might shitie conspicuous , nevertheless , it is more requisite that the truth should be told . It appears upon strict enquiry into tbe truth of such an improbable tale , that the whole he drank in the said house that day was three pennyworth of " ram" ( rum ) as he calls it . So much for Mr . Gulliver J
Daking Robbery . —Late on Saturday night , or early on Sunday morning , the residence of Mrs . Winstanley , at Dalton , near Huddersfield , was entered in the absence of the family , and property to a serious amount taken therefrom . Happily for the family , the whole of the valuable silver plate was removed to a brother's house previous to their departure . Explosion of a Steam-Engine Boiler . —On Monday morning , about six o ' clock , a most alarming explosion of a steam-engine boiler , took place
on the premises of Messrs . W . and S . Douse , eilk spinners , of Mold Green , near Huddersfield . Five or six children who were waiting on the steps of the mill , were all more or less seriously injured by the falling of the brick work , and we are sorry to say that one of them , a girl of the name of Sarah Dowlass , died in the course of the afternoon . On Wednesday a jury met and went into a strict examination of the case . After hearing a variety of conflicting circumstances which occupied a considerable time , gave a verdict of" Accidental death . "
y OEE . —Awful Deaths from Drinking Ardent Spirits . —On Saturday morning last , a painful sensation was produced in York , in consequence of its being reported that two men had lost their lives from immoderate drinking of ardent spirits . On inquiry it was found that this report was true , and that an elderly man named Thomas Beadle , a bricklayer's labourer , residing in the Barleycorn Yard , Walmgate , and John Bailey , asweep , residing in Hungate , bo'h married men , were the unfortunate victims . — Inquests were held in the afternoon , by Mr . John Wood , the coroner , on the bodies . The following evidence will give the reader an idea of the beastly state of intoxication in which the men were , and of the very reprehensible conduct of a stranger
who was treating them with the liquor . — John Brassey deposed—I am a coal porter , and I live ia Water lane . I was at Mr . Lodge ' s house this morning ; I was there when the three men came in . The men came about five minutes before six o ' clock ; I did not know them . One was an Irishman , the other was a sweep , and the third was a bricklayer ' s labourer . They did not appear to have had any liquor when they camo in . The Irishman ordered a pint of ram ; it was brought and drank by the sweep and the labourer . I eat in company with them the Whole of the time . They drank it out of the pitcher , and the Irishman did not take any of it . The Irishman called for another pint , and the two men drank it , the Irishman not touching it . He ordered a third print , and the same two men drank that also . A fourth pint was ordered and the Irishman drank part of that , and the same two men drank the
remainder . A fifth pint was ordered and part of it was wasted under the table , and Sir John Kayo ' s groom , who came in , got the principal part of it . A sixth pint came iu and the greater part of that was wasted on the table , and the same two men drank the remainder . Feter Lofthouse got part of a gill out of oho pint . The groom drank out of the last pint also . The bricklayer ' s labourer thea fell off the long-settle on the floor , and the Irishman and the sweep lifted him up again and the Irishman and sweep went out . The Irishman said to the sweep , " now have you had enough V * . He said no he had not , he wanted a pint of ale the Irishman gave him a pint of ale . The gir ' was refusing to supply the rum , and I said shv might as well have the Denefit of it as any other person . The sweep was very urgent to have it . The men were about three-quarters of an hour in house . The Irishman said to the man on t long-settle " I bare
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done for you ! " It appeared to mo tha * tha Irishman was giving them the liquor to make them drunk ; there was no wager made . —By Jurors—Indeed I am myself quite positive that six pints of rum were brought in . When the Irishman was going out he asked me to have a gill of rum , but I said I would not . H « said he would make me , I said I would not have it . He said his jather had left him some houses in Ireland , and he had a quantity of £ 5 notes ia his pocket ; I ' saw two or three of them . I have seen the Irishman several times iu York ; the sweep and he were acquainted . I don't think the Irishman could haye put anything into the rum without my seeing it , but I ant
not certain . The man fell suddenly on the JL > or The sweep was as steady as I am now when he went out ; he did not appear stupifiedat all . Other corroborative evidence was given j and Mr . Brown , a Burgeon , who examined tho bodies , faro an unqualified opinion that the quantity of liquor taken into the , stomach had produced death in Soth cases . Harriet Leckwood , a niece and servant to Mr . Lodge , after much pressing , admitted that she had filled the three men six pints of rftm , nearly the whole of which they drank neat . Her conduct was Severely censured by the coroner , and the jury , after a Jong debate , returned a rerdiet of ** Died from excessive drinking . "
WOLVERHAMPTON .-Mr . Candy lectured here ou Wednesday . Several new memberg were added BIXiSTON . Mr . Candy leotured here on T / iurscfay last . Upwards of twenty new members were enrolled , CITY OF LONDON .-A general puulio meeting was held on Tuesday evening , at which Messrs . Watkins and Parker were nominated for the ensuing General Council . It was resolved to remove from the books of the Association all members of the " new move , " or who do not attend to their duties , and that the portrait of John Collins be removed from the Hall , and destroyed . The London reporter for the Northern Star was visited with a vote of censure , for neglect of duty .
BOXjTON . —Mr . Leech visited this town on Tuesday , and delivered a lecture in the Town Hall , Little Bolton , fraught with facts , arguments , and eloquence as his lectures always are . After the lesture , a resolution favourable to a repeal of the Uniou was moved by Mr . Daniel Djggles , seconded by Mr . John Sullivan , and carried with enthusiastio cheering without one dessentienc voice .
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. . ^ — FROM OVB LOXDOX CORRESPONDENT . Thursday Evening , Augusts . The following , which is a copy of a letter I have seen , will afford some pleasure to every honest friend . thb vicum funii , 1 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street . Dear Campbell , —I have very great pleasure in informing you , that a gentleman has placed in my hands ten pounds , for the use of the distressed Chartist body ; if you will , by return of post * let me know if there be any fund opened for the relief of the men wounded at the Corn Law Meeting , ia Stevenson ' s Square , I will at once forward yon the money , with directions how to apply it . Yours , very truly , John Cxeayk .
The Council of Masoss met last evening , for the purpose of receiving the reports of the deputations appointed to wait on the different branches of the shoemakers , Mr . Charles Thoinas was called to chair . The minutes wore read and confirmed . Mr . Hogg gave in the report of his visit ; he said he tad been received most cordially by the men at the Bull and Ball , Cripplegate . Mr . Hogg likewise gave in aTeport of his -visit to other branches of the slloeniakers , at all of which he had been received most friendly . The Secretary gave in a reportofhis visatB Mr . Hogg moved , "That sixteen members be appointed , to be always ready to attend as deputations on the ' various trades . " The motion having been seconded , was carried unanimously . City of Westminster , —Mr . Watkins lectured here last evening , on the five po nts of the Charter . The meeting was well attended .
TO THE IRISH LANDLORDS . Mr Lords and Gentlemen , —This week , my reply to the Hon . and Rev . Me . Noel ' s letter occupies that space which should have been devoted to my sixth to you ; and next week the space will be devoted to a reply to an address of the Loyal Drogheda Trades Association ; so that my last letter must stand over till the ' 28 ' . h of August . Meantime allow me to correct a very silly error which appears in the
following passage of my last . It runs thuB : — " Tho straw of an acre of wheat , at five cwt . to tha acre , and at 5 s . per cwt , will be worth £ 1 5 ? . Od . " The passage should ruu thus : —the straw of an acre of wheat at five hundred to the acre , and at 5 s . per hundred . The hundred means -a hundred sheaveB , consisting of six score to the hundred , and not ilre hundred weight . By the error , the straw would be made appear to be worth £ 5 a ton in Ireland , whereas , five hundred sheaves would only fetch about £ 1 5 s ., and would weigh much over a ton . These errors would naturally lead to doubts , and therefore I hasten to correct them . I am , my Lords and Gentlemen , Your obedient humble servant , Feargus O'Connob
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_ __ THE NORTHERN STAR . _ . 5
In The Press, And Will Be Published Next Saturday Prico Twopence, Numbers 2 And 3 (Double Number) Of The La'rott'r.'F.Tf Ft≫ T.Twr.A'R.V:
In the Press , and will be Published next Saturday Prico Twopence , Numbers 2 and 3 ( double number ) of the LA'ROTT'R . 'F . Tf ft > T . TWR . A'R . V :
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 14, 1841, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct392/page/5/
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