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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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A SONG OF FREEDOM . . •_»«• mas sin * of Ma lady ' s charms , ^ ; X Bacchanal boast of Ms Trine , tidier may tell of his deeds in arms , S ^ SK theme shall be mine , JS'JbS of its joys that freedom gives , 1 T £ * reTer its blessings are seen ; iH £ is not an honest hear t that lives , * £ ?« E join in **» ««« * ^ reen - Mt motto for ever , ana ever shall be , -g ^ ess to the friends of the fail and the free .
tailor may scoff , and the tyrant may scorn , i « atbs lordling may sneer at my lay , _ T ?~ fcudenihall cheer the oppress' ^ and forlorn , J tHfli theiopes of a happier day ; "Lsll waken the slave to a sense or nis ^ wrongs , S ^ his soul shall delight in the strain ; aSntdl the poor bondsman -what to him belongs , ^ feateadi him t » burst from Mb chain . ^ y motto for ever and ever shall be , fhLcesa to the friends of the fair and the free .
T « 3 not debase God ' s image on earth , -Br baa ™? the despots deeds , Snot poise that as an action of wortti , ¦ satriica common hnmanity bleeds ; T « l EDtrqoice at Jool rapine and -war , Sor esnlt o'er the blood that is spill ; tiera « 21 hononr the conqueror ' s car , S ( S ^ on ! y that vhich is fnilt . * jly motto lor ever-ano . ever shall be , friends of the fail and
gases to the the free , MSM » shaU P raise tbe P romoter of P * ' Itibsa bless ae benevolent heart , « 3 » H P » y Sat prosperity soon may increase , lad flat strife from tbe world may depart ; Wbass bosom -with sympathy glows ; Tt £ aR siez admire tho friends of mankind , Aj&desp ise their contemptible foes . 3 Jj motto for eTer and ever ahall be , Snecess to the friends of the fair and the free , ttg&Brtst . BK'Jan Stoti .
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gjyVCHESTliB . —Cauco AXDSTirn ? Block pa stas . —A Public Meeting of the above trades loliSron Friday evening , in the Large Room of SjjirSaJd inn i iairSeld-street , for the purpose of « Uj 3 bj the Legislature on the evil effects of ma-> sgg ~ The large ropm vra 3 -weTl filled -with fSssW delegates from twenty country districts . gfjjfjbert M'Farlane was called to the chair . He fj gsers from seTeral members of Parliament , Sj&I T . S . Dancombe , Esq , W . B . £ gasd , lisq ., Earl Stanhope , and George Issis , Esq ., the whole of which promised that ld » j petitioned the Legislature they wonld ^ grier them all the asastance in their power , 5 Sa foHowiag resolutions were jroposed to the ^ gjjg sad unanimously agreed to : — " That it is ibe opinion of this meeting ihat tha great distress
aperienced bj lie operative block printers 13 solely tobeataibnie ^ tothennrestrictedactionof machinery ilnost entirely superseding their labonr and deprivjjj ^ aB of ibe means of subsistence . " " That the talj remwy for the removal of the alarming distress i 3 I be aiessietion on printing machines , as a projison of employment for those whose labour has v » gi superseded bj the machines . " "That apsti-Sia be presented to both Houses of Parliament , Embodying tie foregoing resolutions praying the HawrarablB Members to take into their most serious assderanon our unparalleled distress with a view » remove the miseries . we at present endure- " "That LSDmcombe , Esq , be requested to present it to a » Hoase of Commons , and the Honourable Earl Ss&ope to the House of Lords . "
BASNSIiET " . —A large public meeting of linen irams reaiiiiijj in this town took place on Monday f . fst , to adopt measures to prevent an attempt at saisaoB of the priees given for Tick weaving , by a smiatie town . Hesolnuon 3 to support the men lbs have turned out were agreed to . Stitk of Tbabs . —This town has suffered much Bsmj Xhs pas ; week . Hundreds have been thrown EioJeiDpIoyzaeBi who wiil have to snSer all the iss 35 of desaruiion . The fancy drill trade is now ja 3 j closed for the season .
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2 fo Txiteb than six fires occurred in Manchester feinj the past week . Tss Appucxsis at the Manchester Workhouse K T 45 weekly more than than this time last year . fees b tbs distress at Stourbridge , at ihe press hue , fiat 2 , 1 * 24 persons are dependent on the yoH-niesof ihat place . Tsi ' Ojckoo was heard in the the neighbourhood rfjHa'gfrsneld a few day 3 ago . _ ^ S ^ Gare Journal states Ihat so mecattle , which hi btenseszid for poor rases , were ofikred in the town ^ Talli , las ; "week , for sale , but no one could be inseed toiid for ihem ; ihey were therefore returned a Us owners .
At Bath , a number of poor men out of employment Be endeavouring to obtain a living by dragging ibont i a 2 id '« 5 erffii » for sale , waggon loads of coals . Da the waggons sre ehaik d the words " < 3 oal 3 for afe by poor men ont of employ . " Is 17 S 5 there were upwards of 200 , 000 persons emfs > jti , m theoperat 5 on of wool-combing ; in 1825 % irere reduced to S 0 , 0 O 0 combers , and now there veaatmore than 30 ^) 00 engaged at it . ^ hs Coii PiOEfiiETOBs ifl the neighbourhood of « E » aare reducing their establishments , and the fcSas complain ihat their condition is fast sp-F » ciHBgio that of the band-loom wearers . ATiw Dais -igo a Buck pony died at the poj ^ a ge of forty-three years at Habirrgh , near ?
As ExiaiOBiinf ^ T Bis . o Lros . —The largest ki « iron -ever made was rolled at the Cyfarthi ins-works , near Merthyr Tydvil , on Saturday last , ma , we are informed , for a house in Holland . It si cable bolt , 25 ft in length and 6 in in diameter , Eiiraghs about 2 , 4001 b . The pUefrom which it " «« rdled wa 3 about 7 ft long by 12 in square , and *« g > s& upwards of 2 , 6001 b . The pile was taken aasseheadEg furnace and put at once into the fck . jast in the same manner as they roil "bare of an ^ raarj size . It was rolled under the able superin Si&aEe of Mr . Robert Crawshay . . ^ c © Appcthe . — " The tonic properties contained ^ PARR ' S LIFE PILLS , invariably restores the sai 5 MaiO £ heahh ] ylor £ iiigfor food , or in other
{^ 55 , H ; prcdnces a good appetite , so much envied , * 3 so sddem ecjoyed by ihe invalid ; the gentle f ^^ powers it possesses assists the stomach r ** 2 * pJ ^ gest the food it receives ; the balsamic gg 3 > Bb £ tow 3 on the system produces that de-^^ W ^ ang of good spiriis so very desirable , and ~* P ° S 6 S «> & mind and body to Wealthy exercise ; " ° BSffij ; uiider is inflaence soon wears a joyons ^ f ^ and ihe various duties of life are performed g ^ -l&asare . It , in addition , contains afine ^ seda-^ qai litj , and instead of long and weary nights , Saw ? and rtfr ? sbing sleep . If the stomach ^ a Weis reqoire it , it acts as the mildest and * Sreeable pnrgatiTe , and by its cleansing £ * £ B totally eradicate a redundancy of bile , and « e ? i 3 £ ij removes all obstructions of the intestinal
2 rai-Srv LOS' ^ XEHLiGE to TBS Pbtscess or " *^; lias iE 3 rriage was , it is well known , long ? * £ "e-topu - indeed , so long , that many supposed ifeKl ?^ accomplished . But how , it may be BsjIL - P Carlos , under his peculiar circum-¦ jy J - ?* Portnysl , —more panicnlariy as he ts ^ ^ iua to rheumatism , in consequence of g-wuB lo njgfat air during his military marches 25 ?^? projected was , to remove the Prince ' s ^^ d :-b nt ho * ?— That was the question !' b ^^ ^ PPeced that General PhUropo Gervalis gJ ^ of that celebrated preparation " called Hol-¦
Srj . ' """ mem , ia h a malle , and by applying it «• ronr times t 0 the Prince ' s joints , a most «^ a V ? m efffcied and the Prince was , of i } Ztiij » p l 0 traTe 1 ' and to meet his charming : * Cr ° v y he place of rendezvous- The General * ftTs ] d >! k Bce ' T > ortT ^ »* in gold as a token ^ d b ^ e : and the ointmetithas since that S , J ^ employed in Northern Spain for the cure iUjj ™ l ^ T' ^ J of ciseases ; such as scrofula , ^ i hr % aenm a ^ m we h 3 ve named , ) para l ysis , tfe ^ - ? 1 * " kinds , &c It is gratifyiHg to » £ ferii > w ! LTniiTersal is the employment of this - « umtment to all external disorders .
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FUNERAL OF RICHARD CARLtLB . ( Written expressly for ihe Star J The above ceremony took place on Sunday afternoon , at Kensal-&reen Cemetery , where , in accordance with the request of Mr . Cailfle when living , the burial service , or priestly ceremony , " was to have been wholly dispensed with ; but , in this expectatien , the friends of tie deceased were disappointed , aa the sequel will shew . ¦ The Pbockssios having been announced to start from the house of the departed at two o ' clock , a number of respectable gentlemen had , agreeable to the announcement , congregated together , in Bouverie-Btreet , and also in Fleet-street , near the entrance of that thoroughfare , at the appointed hour , among whom ilrWatson
. , the publisher , ( late of City-xoad ) and other Liberals of long standing , were distinguished . The hearse and mourning coaches { five in nnmbei ) did not , however , arrive at the house until about three o ' clock . In five minutes after , the corpse was brought ont and put into the hearse ; and in abont ten or twelve minntes after the znir&l el the vehicles , the procession started for the place of sepulchre . The route it took was , throughFfietjtleet . Temple-bar , Strand , CharingcroBB , CockspuwSreei , Pall-mall , Waterloo-place , the Quadrant , Regent-street , and Oxford-street ; then along the Edgeware-road , ( iia Tyburn-gate site ) , Harrow-road , and thence to Willesden , where the Cemetery is situate . The mourning coacheB wMch accompanied the hearse were filled with the male frienda of Mx . Carlue . In the one attached to the hearse were his three sons ; on the rigHt sat Richard Carlile ( the eldest ) : on the
left , Alfred { the middle son ); and , in the rear , sat the youngest son , Thomas Paine Carlile , beside of whom , and in whose care , was a respectable-looking male child , apparently about eight or . ine years old . Among the mourners were , Mr . B . D . Cousins , the Radical printer and publisher , of Duke-street , Lincoln ' * Innfields , sni Mr . Allen Davenport , the veteran writer and bard ,, who has been so many years known In the ranks of Republicanism ; and it is a pleasing fact to record , that , notwithstanding the uni&Yourable state of the weather , about two hundred persons ( males ) , admirers of the deceased , accompanied the procession on foot the whole distance from Bouverie-street to Kensal Green , a distance of little , if any thing , short of six miles . Every one of the followers was decently attired , and some were strikingly remarkable for their gentlemanlike exterior .
The Inteumest did not take place till about a quarter to five o ' clock , a few minutes after the arrival of tha cortege at ita destination . The coffin having been lowered into the grave prepared for its reception , "the bje-standers commenced looking anxionsly aronnd them , expecting the arrival of some gentlemen who , they conjectured , might bave been engaged on the occasion to speak Mr . Carlile ' s funeral oration , as was done a few years ago , at the fanerals of Thomas Hardy and John Gale Jonta , at Banhiil Fields , especially as they were inwardly persuaded , and had even hsard , that the deceased had constantly reiterated it as his desire , that at his burial , •¦ no priestly ceremony" should be observed , if jt could be possibly superseded . In this expectation they were , however , disappointed : and
were morever informed , that the corpse would not be allowed to be covered over until the rite to which they objected had been gone through } whereat great dissatisfaction was evinced by all pres-nt . The multitude assembled were kept waiting round the grave for about a quarter of an hour , without , anything being done , in consequence of the clergyman , { the Rev . Josiah Twigger ) being professionally engaged with several other funerals which had preceded Mr . Carlile ' s in arrival Shortly after , thexurpliced pastor arrived at the foot of Mi . CVb grave , with an open book ( the R * alt « r ) from which 'he . waa about to . proceedto read the burial service , when a , scene not very customary at a funeral , ensued : Mi . Alfred Cailile , on the part of his father and his surviving family , stepped forward towards the minister ,
and firmly objected to the performance of the rite in ¦ qnestion —{ hear , hear ) . The Rev . Gentleman replied , I must perform my duty . " Mr . Carlile . jun . observed , " Sir , we protest against the performance of this ceremony . Our late father lived and died in opposition to priestcraft of every description ; and we , therefore , protest in A Is name against the service being read" —( hear , hear , and good , good . ) The minister here observed that , heceuld not help tbe aversion on the part of the deceased and his family ; and intimated the ground "whereupon they stood being consecrated , the performance of his accustomed duty was imperative—adding , that if they had gi-yen previous notice of thia their objection , -they might have had their father interred in '' the othiJ- ground" alluding to some spot contiguous , not
consecrated , and , consequently , less holy ! Another son of the deceased here remarked , " This , Sir , is our ground : "we hare purchased it for our family ; and we do not require the Berries to be read—it is a mockery >•• Tbe Pastor then rtplitd , " It was a mockery then , Six , to bring him here . " The third son now stepped forward and said , " Then , Sir , since the service is to be performed , we will have our way thus fax—we will retire , and not listen to it" ( "Hear , hear , " and a lond burst of applause from all sides of the grave !) The Rev . Gentleman here remarked , with great sauvity of manner , "That , of coarse , gentlemen , is as yon please —I have no wish to interfere "with your determination upon that point ; but you must bear in mind , Gentlemen , the consequences of any determined opposition to
my sacred duty . " The Messrs . Carlile and the mourners , one and all , then left the grave with contempt 1 The clergyman then commenced : " A man that is bom of a woman hath bnt a short time to live . He cometh up , and" At this moment , a voice at the head of the gravBexcl&kned , " I move that all Mr . Carlile ' s friends immediately leave court" ( Hear , hear . ) Some others rejoined , " Yes , let us fellow the example jost now set us , and not stay here to pay complaisance to this mummery . " ( Hear , hear , "with loud applause . ) This suggestion was simultaneously acted upon ; and , in less than one minute , the minister was left to read the funeral servise { which he recommenced ; to only tbe sexton and ons or two isolated individuals who were standing on the clayey mound that had been raised by tbe spade of the grave-digger . ' The ceremony over , one
of tbe deceased's sobs addressed the spectators to the tffect that the rite thai bad just then been performed over his late father "wm withont their concurrencethat he , in conjunction with bis brothers , bad done all in his power , to prevent it ; but their efforts had been fruitless . For their own part , they disclaimed it , in act and deed . Hs then thanked him , as friends , for their prompt attendance on the occasion ; and , thus concluding , bade them a social farewelL The Rev . Gentleman displayed so bigotry on the occasion ; and 1 consider that he was officially consistent with order when we look at it in a business-point of viewleaving religion out of the ease . The coffin of tbe departed -was , topped by a large brass plate , I should say , about fourteen inches square , bearing the following inscription , engraved in bold Roman characters : —
" RICHARD CARLILE , Boss 8 th December , 1790 , Died 10 th February , 1843 I have learned this morning , from respectable authority iMi . CousinB ) that Mt . Watson had asserted to some friends at the burial ground , that if he had been appealed to ( and that sufficiently early ) he would have been prepared himself to deliver an oration over Mr . Garlile's remains ; and that Mr . Allen Djvenport , as it trcu , would fain have obliged the company present in that , way , but for the apprehension he was under of having to walk to town , as the performance might cause Mm to lose his conveyance—for the coaches were
in a hurry to proceed , after the mourners had left the grave to the clergyman and sexton . The Times of this morning—with its accustomed predilection lot hyperbole —asserts that during the bnrial service , the pastor was interrupted , by " ribald jests . " Now , I can vouch for the utter fallacy of this statement . There were no pfcrsons present of a character at all likely to indulge in ribaldry . Tbe Times must look for that in its own circle—the aristocracy—who patronize the gambling table , the turf , and the prize ring ; and not the so « iety of the intelligent and moral admirers of liberty and free discussion , who by-the-bye , have neither time nor money—like their patrician enemies—to sacrifice at the shrine of voluptnonsness and " ribaldry . *
There were , to be sure , two gentlemen standing at a little distance from the grave's head , who , by their smiles , indicated their utter disregard for the ceremony under performance ; bnt no " interruption" of the same was attempted . One of them , when the clergyman came to that part of the Bervice relating to a " sure and certain hope of the resurrection to eternal life , " certainly remarked , to hiB friend , { but in a tone to be heard by bo other parson than myzelf , who happened to be near to them ) , that Tie did not consider there was or could be any surety or certainty upon the subject . If , Mr . Editor , your readers , to whose reason and judgment I appeal in the matter at issue , should decide that the above noiseless utterance of sentiment on the part of one person to another , was tantamount to "ribald jesting , " the offending parties must certainly plead guilty to the charge ; and I myself will not go out of
my way to palliate their crime , by endeavouring to screen them from the imputation thus cast upon them by the "Times , " whose reporter , by tbe bye , or any other person there present , could know no more than merely , that , by the motion of their lips , they uttered something . Having thus minutely detailed the particulars of Mr . Carlile's funeral , by a more carefal , » nd consequently more accurate account than will , I apprehend , be given in any other jeumal than this , I will now , with the reader ' s permission , revszt to a scene in The X > jssecti 3 g Room at St Thomas's Hospital ,- in tbe borough of Sonthwari , where the body of the deceased was retained , for the benefit of anatomical science , exacfly a fortnight . Tbe day after its receipt Sbereinto , there were , it appears , a few select parties admitted by tickets only , to view the corse ; but this was either prior to , or at the commencement of tbe dissection . I believe myself to be the only person { except the professionals ) who sa"w Mr . Carlile in a state
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of material mutilation . Qf-J visit to the above place was performed on Monday last , the 28 th inst ., pursuant to a complimentary privilege granted to me on the occasion , by Mr . Alfred Carlile ; and upon this r « speetful recommendation , r -was courteously received by Dr . Whitfitld , whom I met withrafc knowing him , until he acknowledged himBelf as tha owner of the name I Inquired for , at the door of the counting house , in the first area of the building . Having there told him the purport of a > y visit , he said I was perfectly welcome to the indulgence I bo eagerly sought for ; but he would remind me that the body of the deceased had been there eight days , and was therefore , by tbat time , so much mutilated as not to admit of a recognition of any of his features , even by bis nearest friends i but .
nevertheless , if my suriosity was intent upon seeing the identical ' remains of Mr . Carlile , he would , on the recommendation of his son , most cheerfully oblige me . We then proceeded together across the next area ; and having arrived at a large avenue , on the left of which was the entrance to th 9 dissecting room , the gentleman resumed , Here is the place wherein he is lying : but , before I open door , I would advise you , if you bave never before witnessed the interior of such a place , to forego your intention . Don't , for a moment , mistake my meaning : I shall think it no trouble to oblige you . I am only paying respect to your feelings as a stranger to such a place . I will admit you , with , the greatest of pleasure , if you think it will not be unpleasant ' to your
sight I replied that , I felt inwardly persuaded that I should not be unnerved . The door was then opened , and myself politely ushered into the room bymydisr tinguhhed escort . The first thing that met my eyes was , the body of a child lyingon its back with its face excoriated , and its feet near to the wall on the right , and a little further on , nearly opposite , the body of a full grown person lying on its belly with the left leg off : while , to the left , as one enters the door , lay the hacked remains of Mr . Carlile , with his head near to the wall I confess the sight was taore unpleasant to my eyes than 1 anticipated ; but I will , nevertheless , sum np the resolution to give a description of what I saw as correctly as my memory will permit .
The face of tbe corse was literally flayed ; and a student , acting under the surveillance of Dr . Whitfield , was chipping away small pieces of flesh near the ear ( which was also either Jhyed , or entirely of—fat , in the confusion , I really forgei ichkh ) with a lance , for the purpose , I conjectured , of arriving at certain veins and muscles ; while on the left was a young gentleman ( also a student ) leaning , quite collectedly , against tbe wall ( in which the door is ) with both his hands in the pockets of a ponclo coat , which was closely buttoned up to the chin . The room was spacious , and tbe walls , in Sbveral places , were hung , " riot " with diamonds , " but with unsightly black skulls , suspended by ropes to pegs erected for that purpose . I was the only person in the place beside the professional gentleman and the two students , who seemed somewhat surprised at my entrance with their superintendent—seeing I was a straDger .
" You see , sir , " said Dr . Whitfield , ( pointing to the body of Mr . C . as we drew close up to it ) ' he was a man possessed of fine muscles , and must have been strong and powerful , for a man of his size . " [ Mr . Carlile was corpulnnt , and belew the middle stature . ] 11 And pray , sir , " inquired I , " what might have been the weight of his brain ? " ' " Taree lbs . 6 z . and 3 drs r" was the Doctor ' s reply . The trunk had evidently been divested of the Intestines ; there was a horrid aperture on its anterior , and a membrane , clogged with fat , was turned outwards , and was lying on the left breast ; and , as a surcharge of fat r » und the heart was said to have been one among the complication of disorders that accelerated the death
of Mr . C , tbe greasy membrane to which I allude was , no doubt , the pericardium . Dr . Whitfield and myself then left the room , and proceeded together into the street , when we had some little chat . His conversation was chiefly professional : it did not turn upon the subject of the opinions ( either political or theological ) of the deceased , whom he did not , in my presence , either laud or condemn . So whatever might have been bis private sentiments—whether Christian or sceptical—one thing was le « s equivocal : he was , decidedly , no bigot He reflected , disparingly , upon the superstitious prejudice that he said prevailed against dissection '; and remarked , that my friend , whose corpse I had just left , had acted rationally in the bequest be had made of himself for that object . But
there were , he said , persons out of number to be found who were ever ready to stab the reputation of a medical man , upon the slightest error he might have the misfortune to commit daring his attendance upon a patient ; and yet , those very persons , owing to the superstition he reverted to , virtually denied him the opportunity of knowing his profession , or , at least , of improving it We then parted in the usual way—the gentleman having previously given me his hand . Tbe spectacle I had just witnessed , though it did not unnerve , produced , nevertheless , a rather singular effect upon me , and I wou : d advise any persona whow curioBity , perchance , might direct them to wend their way to a dissecting Toom , to dine before they set ont for that object ; for they will not , I apprehend , receive their dinner with
any great xast , qflBrtcards . I epeas from a close consultation with my own feelings npon the subject It was afternoon when I visited the hospital , and I had not yet dined , but intended doing so on my way thither , but , as it then occurred to me , that such a delay might cause me to forego the object of my curiosity , by making me too late for admission , I deemed it advisable to defer the receipt of my dinner —thinking tbat on my return from that place I could have it comfortably , aud without that hurrying and confusion which must inevitably have accompanied an earlier partaking of tbe same—I was , however , sorely disappointed ; for after what I had witnessed , as above described , my appetite was completely Bet against flesh .
It was the first time I had ever seen any thing bearing a resemblance to meat , in human shape , and every butcher ' s shop , therefore , after quitting tbe place of dissection , presented to my vision a most horrific appearance , aud caused an unpleasant association of ideas to occupy my mind ; and therefore with my imagination thus distorted , I betook myself to the nearest coffee rooms I could find , and there allayed the appeals of hunger . From tbat instant I have made bread , cheeBe , pastry , ic , answer all the purposes of diet , an 4 have not touched animal food since . Henht Scuxthokp , 17 , Douglas-street , Westminster , Middlesex . 28 th February , 1843 .
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BARBAROUS TREATMENT OF A COLLIER BOY , NEAR ELLAND . ( From the Halifax Guardian . ) It is this week our painful duty to record one of the most revolting cases of barbarous treatment that it ever fell to our lot to notice . The case affords another illustration of the cruelties practised upon children doomed to slave-labour in a coalmine , and we beg distinctly to observe that we have understated rather than overstated the treatment of the wretch whose name we shall shortly introduce .
James Whiteley , a poor orphan boy , about seventeen years of age , was apprenticed to Joseph Whiteley , collier , residing at Blackley , near Elland , about seven years ago , as a hurrier . He was then only about nine years of age . From the first day of his apprenticeship to his cruel master , he has been the subject of the most severe and harsh treatment . Tne labour to which he was put in : his mere infancy was the veriest drudgery , and wheu his limbs failed to do their duty , a huge strap , or not unfrequently a thick piece of wood , was most inhumanely applied to his person . Six o ' clock in tbe morning was the usual
hour at which this poor boy was sent into the pit , and at the same hour in the evening—but not unfrequently eight or nine o ' clock—he was again submerged , hiB only subsistence being a muffin , or some other such eatable , a ^ the wa ter in the pit . The cruelties practised upon him have bpen greatly increased since his inhuman master was married ( about two years since ) , the woman it appears having taken a dislike to the poor orphan lad . As a sample of the barbarities which this collier boy has had to undergo , let the punishment he has experienced during the past fortnight suffice .
It appears that the severe flogging which Whiteley received caused him once or twice to run away from his master . A short time ago he was so beat with a hurrier ' s strap , and a heavy piece of wood ( piece of an old cradle ) , that he a ^ ain resolved upon running away . He did so , but on Tuesday week be was brought before the Halifax magistrates by his master , charged with disobedience . Through the threats and menaces of the cruel tyrant who had treated him so barbarously , he was stating the whole facts of the case to the bench . The lad had intended showing the various wounds inflicted upon his person , enough , however , was said to induce the magistrates to reprimand the master , and the boy
was ordered to go back again , and the master warned not to ill-treat him in future . This warning , however , was neglected . The same day he administered a most brutal castigation to his victim , which he repeated every day while the lad remained with him . Our readers may imagine that the harrowing details which are to follow are tinged with an air of fiction . They are facts . The poor lad went down in the pit , was beat with a stick , and between each stroke the instrument was dipped in water . The lad ' s back became one mass of sores , and it was impossible for him to lie in bed , While subjected to this inhuman treatment , he was
allowed three meals per day of thin water porridge only , and in conseqrfencelof his brutal treatment boils broke out in all parts of his body . Frequently was he Bent into the pit without breakfast , and obliged to perform the whole of his drudgery . What made this the more painful was the fact of his labouring under the effects of a severe wound inflicted uDon his right knee some time since . On that occasion while beating him with a hurrier ' s strap , the maBter tcjok hold of the end opposite the buckle ( which is generally a tolerably large one ) , thus causing a more severe punishment ; in one of the strokes the buckle caught the poor l&d on the right knee and tore away a large piece of flesh 1 The lad , however , was still forced to work .
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On Thursday night week , this monster master ducked the lad ' s head three or four times in a bowl of water , wetting his shirt all over , and forced him into the cellar , where he was locked up all night , without bed , chair , table , or even a morsel of straw I The same treatment was about to be practised on Friday night , but he begged so pitifully for mercy that he was allowed to go to bed . Oa Saturday night , however , he was again forced into the cellar , where he remained all night . On Sunday morning he was brought out ; no breakfast was given him ; but , as a further punishment , his master suspended a heavy bag of iron round hiB neck and forced him to walk np and down the room under the terror of another flogging . Some cold which
porridge ( had been loft the previous day ) was warmed up and offered him , but he oonld not eat . His master then left the house , saying he would look out for a good thick stick . The woman shortly after left the house for the purpose of fetching some water from a neighbouring well , and the lad being thus for a few moments left alone resolved upon trying once more to escape from a worse than African slavery . With great exertion he managed to loose the bag of iron from his neok , and made his escape into Grimsoar Wood . From thence he stealthily proceeded to the old Copperas Works , where he remained till night-fall . During his concealment in ttie Copperas Works he heard his master seeking him . The lad , when referring to this circumstance , shudders involuntarily , saying , " I did tiemble then . * ' Fortunately , however , he was not discovered . At night he proceeded to Elland where a charitable woman took him into her house
, gave him some coffee , and provided him with a bed . On the Monday he went to one of the constable ' s who took him to Mr . Joshua Dodgson , one of the overseers , who was so struck at the shocking spectacle which the lad presented , that he resolved upon resuing him from his inhuman master . He was brought before the Magistrates on Tuesday , by the c&nstable , acoompenied also by Mr . Dodgson . Kis back was exhibited and presented from the napoof the neck downwards one continued series of bruises , evidently effected , by some solid but thin weapon . His right hand waB also dreadfully swollen in attempting to parry off the blows . One part of hi s body presented rather the appearance of raw , diseased meat than of human flosh and skin t It was at first intended to take : out a warrant for assault , but on conferring with the Magistrate it was thought better to take a summons for ill-treatment , with a view to cancel the indentures and release the lad
from the liability to such cruel treatment . The lad was subsequently removed to the workhouse , where he was put under proper medical treatment , and the most assiduous attention has since been paid to him both by Mr . and Mrs . Dyer . We understand that Joseph Whiteley , the lad ' s master , will be brought up before the Magistrates this day . It may be interesting to know that this unfortunate orphan boy is brother | o the girl who figured in a wood-cat which appeared in the Guardian some time ago , illustrative of the cruelties and indecencies practised in the coal mines near Elland .
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DISTRESSING SHIPWRECKS . LOSS OF FOURTEEN LIVES . Hartlemol—Thursday , Feb 23 . —It is our painful duiy to relate one of the most melancholy occurrences that have taken place near this nort ( Ilartlopool ) , for many years past . The brig X . L ., . Captain Hindes , belonging to London , from Antwerp for Hartlepool , with a geueral cargo of merchandise , came on shore near this place at five o ' clock this morning ( Thursday ) , during a strong bret& « from about S . E ., with a very heavy sea running at the time . It is believed that Captain Hindes was a stranger to the navigation at the spot where the
lamentable catastrophe happened , and having made too free with the laud , let go his anchor , but unfortunately too late , and consequently the unfortunate brig X L , was driven npon the rocks . Every assistance was rendered by the officers and men of the coast-guard service , aided by the . inhabitants , bat unhappily without effect , the vessel having , in about two hours , gone to pieces , and all on board , with the exception of a young man named Kyfiin , aged seventeen years , perished . The number who thus met with a watery grave ( including the captain ' s wife , who unfortunately was on board , passenger ) was ten .
Dkogheda , Fee . 21 . —Yesterday ( Monday ) , the brig Margaret , Captain Paton , belonging to Irvine , N . B ., bound from Ardrosean for Dublin , foundered about twenty miles east of Drogheda . Five of her crew were saved by getting into the long boat , and cutting her adrift . There was a tremendous sea running ai the time , and the Margare ^ in a few minutes disappeared , and with her Captain Paton and two apprentices . About five hours after the vessel foundered , the boat , containing the five survivors , was picked up by tho men belonging to the coast-guard service stationed at Clogher , and towed in there .
Plymouth , Thursday , Feb . 21 . —Yesterday , the Rosa , Captain Fish , 1 ' rom Liverpool for Yarmouth , put in here ( Plymouth ) . On Saturday , she was struck by a heavy sea off the Smalls , which washed one of the crew , named Rivers Gosling , a native of Yarmouth , overboard , and he was unfortunately drowned . Grjh ^ by , Ff b . 22 . —Captain Woolsey , of the regular London trading schooner Providence , arrived here yesterday , and reports that , on Monday last , he passed a vessel sunk in about eight fathoms of water , Haisborough Light bearing about S . S . W ., about six miles distant , and the north end of HaLborough Sand Light bearing about E and by N . The masthead was painted green , and was about eight feet oat
of the water , with the boom and gaff floating alongside . Captain Woolsey supposes the wreck seen by him to have been that of a billy-bttoy . Oa Monday night , about eight o ' clock , Spurn lights bearing W ., from twenty to twenty five miles distant , the sloop Nancy , Captain Lott , belonging to Gravesend , was run down by a schooner ( name unknown ) , supposed to be bound for the north , Tho schooner hove to , and showed a light , but owing to the very heavy sea , and the darkness of the night at tho time of the accident , they were unable to render the Nanoy any assistance . The smack British , Hero , also belonging to Gravesend , fortunately oame up shortly after , and succeeded in rescuing Captain Lott and bis crew . The Nancy sunk about half-an-houc afterwards . The strange schooner proceeded northwards .
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- ^»» A VOICE FROM THE DUNGEON . TO THE EDIT 6 r OF THE NORTHERN STAR . gin , —I hope you will not think tbat by addressing you I am seeking for notoriety ; my motive for so doing is merely to open the eyes of the hard toiling millions , that they mav know the misery we are suffering for daring to assert our right to a voice in the making of an agreement between the employer and the employed . I know full well that a letter from persons suffering under the cruel band of oppression never failed to enlist the sympathy of the working classes fn their fvvotir , and more especially if they were men who -were suffering for advocating the tight of tbe working classes .
I have for several years past seen , by great exertions in the cause of Chartism , that you have the good of your fellow-creatures at beart , and that you have been among the foremost in opposing and exposing the trickery and fraud of the would-be friends of the people , always taking tbe cause of the working classes as yeur own by supporting right against might ; being aware of this , I fully rely on your candour for publishing to the country sn account of eome of the many miseries endured by us for daring to tell the haughty tyrants that
their evil was not good . I nave often read witb surprise aud indignation the cruelty that political prisoners endured . The letter , of O'Connor during hia incarceration in York Castle , particularly struck me , and I must confess I thought they were rather exaggerated , but painful experience has * learned me that all and much more was true ; no ono can form an adequate idea of our sufferings , unless they have been placed In a similar situation . You may judge from tbe following to what a state we are reduced : —
We have a room about eight yards in length , and five in breadth , and oa each side is a door , two eastiron pillars , about eighteen inches in diameter , which reaches to the ceiling ; a stone on one side witb " three slabs plaeed three feet from the wall , which serves far tables ! together with the same number ef forms , constitute tbe whole of tbe furniture , and this is what is called the day-house ; and in this place is huddled together fifty-eight men of all ages , good , bad , and in-
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different Should thb wind be in the west , the place is immediately fllle'l with smoke , and in wet weather , a-e must either remain in tho day-house to be almost st'ied , or be drenched with rain in the yard ; and we must also go in this state to a large room to pick wool , and if the quantity is not picked , in all ] probability oar dinner will be stopped ; and I am positive , tbat it is almost impossible to prick the quantity [ that is given to each man , for it is of such a filthy nature that tbe room is completely filled with dust and dirt , ! and the thorny burs that are in it often lame tbe fingers for two or three days , and we might as well complain to j the stone walls as apply to those wao consta tly watch over us while at work . If any one is poorly we » re almost afraid to apply to the doctor . i
About the middle of November last , ' a man of the name of Clarke was sent here for the neglect of family . Shortly after bis arrival he was taken poorly and was admitted into tbe Hospital . He had been there two or three days when the old Doctor came ( this was on Friday ) and in his usual blustering manner , thus accosted one , —Who sent yon ?—The Governor . To another . Who sent you?—Tbe young doctor . ! Umph ! He then came to Clarke . Put out your tongue . — Hem , hem . —There is nothing the matter with you that I can oure . It is nothing but laziness . Nurse , give the man a dose of salts , and send him to his yard . His orders were obeyed ; on Saturday be was sent to his yard . On the Sunday he was so poorly that he was carried to tbe hospital a second time , and on Monday morrdng he was a corpse . Need I aay -more ; iht man came in strong and hearty and teas carried out dead . It is my Jinn conviction , that had Ctarke had proper attendartce he would now have been alive . There are hundreds who can speak as to the accuracy of this statement
Sir , this being our situation , you may form some opinion as to tbe wretchedness of our condition—surrounded by men who are callous to the ; misery of thair fellow creatures , who think no more of the death of a human being than they would of the death of & dog . I could furnish you with facts of a similar nature to the above tbat have hnppenbd within those , walla , but will reserve them for another time , thinking that the above will be sufficient to prove to you that Our condition is far from enviable . : 1 think I should not be justified in concluding this letter without giving you some account of { the food which is allowed to each prisoner , for some may think we have a sufficient quantity allowed , and that our confinement is the only thing we have to complain ef , but those who think thus ure greatly deceived ; the following are tbe rations per day i— !
At half-past eight we get breakfast , which consists of about 7 gz . of brown brea < l , and one pint of skilly , and tbat nearly cold , a rare breakfast for a man to tread tbe mill with ; at twelve wv get dinner , which is either 2 oz . of very bad bacon and something more than one pound of potatoes , or one pint and ja half of what is called scouse , or , if neither of these , we receive the bread above mentioned , and a quart of what is called soup , if possible more nauseous than the ; scouie ; at four we get supper , and we receive the same for supper as we tret for breakfast ; at five we are locked up for the niirht .
This Is , if possible , worse than any thing elsefourteen hours locked up in a dark cell—then the ¦ wretchedness of our situation forces itself upon out minds ; friends , relatives , liberty and happiness , pass before us in quick succession . To : give you an adequate idea of our miud is impossible , and therefore it is useless attempting ; but , sir , I hope the day will arrive when I shall be rewarded for all the misery I shall suffer during the two years 1 bave to abide in this miai-rahle dungeon . ; Hoping that the people will never relax their exertions until the Charter become the law of the land , is the ardent prayer of An injwiert Cbartfst , James Williams , of Preston . Kirkdale Jail , Feb . 23 , 1843 .
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minds of their fellow men can become enlarged to -io objects they contemplate ; and thia experiment , in common with everything else they undertake , has been , as far as circumstances would , permit , in accordance witb the knowledge of the system that tbe society who have commenced it ooald be induced to adopt . In tracing Mr . Owen's progress from 1817 to the present period , it is curious to observe the manneT in which various parties have from time to time couai . dered themselves qualified to co-operate with him , and carry out his plans ; and also the modes fcy which they bave supposed themselves capable of accomplishing the same object by a muck snorter and mOKiaJrect route .
It fs this belief , in my opinion , which , preventing a unity of purpose , has hitherto retarded a more rapid progress being made ; and I trust , in the course of this series of letters , without reflecting unduly on the past , to point out that it is to the immediate and paramount interest , not only ef every class , sect , and party in the State ; bat also of every individual of the human rice , t » lay aside all selfish , personal , and sectional considerations , and to join in one universal cry for the introduction of tbis system , the whole of the materials lor which abound in superfluity around us ; and thus forthwith to place . manin a state of permanently progressive happiness , increasing as rapidly as bis faculties and powers can be enlarged and expanded .
That such a course will be taken by all as soon as the subject is clearly understood I am well convinced ; and if through tha medium of your colomns I can succeed in laying before so numerous and powerful a body of men as the Chartists of Great Britain , the benefits to be derived , and the ease with whieb , they may be obtained , I shall nave employed my time to a most useful purpose . SoffiVe it to say for the present , that there is row ready for every individual everything required for the happiness and well-being of himself and all around him , and the mode in whieh this is to be obtained is easy and practical . I am . Sir , Your obedient servant , William Galpin . Harmony Hall , sear Stockbridge , Hants , February 13 , 1843 .
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From the London Gazette of Friday , Feb . 24 . BANKRUPTS . William Russell , of Kingston-apon-Thamei , Surrey , innkeeper , March 3 , at half-past two , and April 7 , at balf-past twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Mr . Pennell , official assignee ; Mr . Chester , solicitor , Parsonage Row , Newington Butts , Surrey ; and Messrs . Walter and Dsmainbray , solicitors , Kingstonupon-Thames , Surrey . John Harrison Curtis , ef 2 , Soho-square , bookselL r , March 4 , and April 7 ,, at twelve , at the Court of Banktuptcy , London . Mr . Pennell , official assignee ; and Mr . Robson , solicitor , Clifford ' s-inn . Mr . Joseph Pickering , of Bedford , upholsterer , March 3 , at two , and March . 31 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Mr . Belcker , official assignee ; Mr . Dingtrfleld , solicitor , C 8 . Chancery-Lme , London ; and Mr . Brinton , solicitor , Kidderminster .
James Iraray , of Old Fish-streefc-hill Upper Thamesstreet , and of the Minories , City , stationer , March 4 . at ten , and April 7 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Mr . W . Whitmore , 2 , BasinghaU-street , official assignee ; and Mr . R . Wollen , solicitor , 30 , Bucklersbury , London . John Hague , of Rotherhitbe , Surrey , engineer , March 6 , and April 7 , at twelve , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , Londou . Mr . T . M . Alsager , official assignee , 12 , Birchin-lane ; and Mr . Ashley , solicitor , Old Jewry , London . John Thomas Linford and John Weeks , of Canterbury , chemists , March 14 , at one , and April 17 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Mr . Edward Edwards , official assignee , 7 . Fredericfe ' splace , Old Jewry ; and Mr . Baker Peter Smith , solicitor , 17 , BasinghaU-street , London .
Edward Morris , of Brighton , Sussex , Tunbridgeware manufacturer , March 7 , at balf-past one , and March 31 , at two , at the Court of Bankruptcy , London . Mr . George Green , official assignee , 18 , Alderman bury ; Messrs . Freeman and Co ., solicitors , Cole * man-street , London ; and Mr . Benson , solicitor , Brighton . Mr . Thomas Wrigley , of Halifax , Yorkshire , silK waste spinner , March 14 , and April 5 , at twelve , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , Manchester . Mr . John Fraser , official assignee , Manchester ; Messrs . Makinson and Sanders , a , Elm Court , Middle Temple , London ; and Messrs . Atkinson and Saunders , solicitors , Manchester .
George Cobb , of Nottingham , licensed victualler , March 3 , at one , and March 31 , at two , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham . Mr , Richard Valpy , official assignee , Birmingham ; Messrs . Johnson and Co ., solicitors , Temple , London ; and Mr . John Bowley , solicitor , Birmingham . Jesse Tarns , of Shelton , Staffordshire , earthenware manufacturer , March 3 , at balf-pnst eleven , and April 7 , &t twelve , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham . Mr . Richard Valpy , official assignee , Birmingham ; Mr . Warren , solicitor , Market Drayton ; and Mr . Hodgson , solicitor , Birmingham . George Seaborn , of Berkeley , Gloucestershire , baker , March 6 , and April 13 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Bristol . Mr . George Morgan , official assignee , Bristol ; Messrs . ' Aston and Wallis , solicitors . New Broad-street , London ; and Messrs . Bishop and Wells , solicitors , Dursley , Gloucestershire .
George Newmarsh , of Nottingham , dealer , March 10 and April 3 , at eleven , at the Couit of Bankruptcy , Leeds . Mr . George Young , official assignee , Leeds j Mr . Jebn Bo ' wley , solicitor , Nottingham ; and Messrs , Johnson and Co ., Temple , London . David Duncan , of Darby , dealer , March 6 , at eleven , and April l , at half-past eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Birmingham . Mr . Tbomas Bittleston , official assigned ; and Messrs . Huish and Co ., solicitors , Derby . James Wright , of Woodside , Yorkshire , dealer , March 7 . and April 4 , at on © , at Ihe Court of Bankrutcy , Leeds . Mr . Charles Fearne , official assignee , Leeds ; Messrs . Robinson and Barlow , solicitors , Essesstreet , Londou ; and Messrs . Ward and Son , solicitors , Leeds .
PAR 1 NEHSHIPS DISSOLVED . Richard Yates and John Hnggan , of Preston , Lancashire , linendrapers . Edward Baynes and Richard Baypes , of Lancaster , and Auatwick , Yorkshire , corndealers . John Jones , Henry Cattwright , and Ellis Jones , of Rochdale , Lancashire , linendrapers ( so far as regards John Jones ) . John Holt and Thomas Holt , of Manchester , plumbers . Joseph Newton , John Taylor , and John Smith , of Leeds , flax-makers ( as far as regards John Smith ) . David Baynor , Edward Hughes , and Robert Jones , of Liverpool , joiners . John George Schott , John Casper Lavater , and Edward Buckler , of Manchester , merchants ( so far as regards Edward Buckler ) . John Moore and Co ., of Pudsey , Yorkshire , clothiers .
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From the Gazette of Tuesday , February 28 . BANKRUPTS . Frederick John Manning , money scrivener , Dyer ' sbuildings , City , to surrender March 7 , and April 7 , at two , at the Court ot Bankruptcy , Baainghall-street . Mr . Balcher , official assignee ; Messrs . Tippetts , solicitors , P ^ ncras-lane , London . Lionel Esreret Parkins , chemist , Bicester-market-end , March 7 , at twelve , and April 7 , at half-past one , at the Cinrt of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street . Mr . Belcher , official assignee ; Mr . Maugham and Kennedy , solicitors , Chancery-lane , London ; and Messrs . King and Sen , solicitors , Buckingham . William Harrup Swain , draper , Farnham , Surrey , March 9 . at half-past one , and April 11 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street Mr . Whitmore , official assignee ; Basinghall-street ; and Messrs . Reed and Shaw , solicitors , Friday-street , London .
Mary Evans , John Evans , and Thomas Howard Erans , paper-stainers , Oid-street-road , Middlesex , March 10 , at two , and April 11 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Bosingball-atreet Mr . Alsager , official assignee ; and Mr . Woollen , solicitor , Bucklersbury , London . James Earp , victualler , St . George ' s-place , Camberwbll , Surrey , March 9 , and April 25 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Baainghall-street . Mr . Green , official assignee ; and Mr . Turner , solicitor , Southampton-buildings , London . John Wellington Jones , tailor , Calne , Wiltshire , March 9 , at one , and April 10 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street Mr . Turquaud , official assignee , Copthall-court , London ; and Mr . Cox , solicitor , Pinner ' s-ball , Old Broad-street , London .
William Eden , printer , Queen-street , Cheapside , London , March 10 , at two , and April 12 , at twelve , at tbe Court of Bickruptcy , Basinghall-street . Mr . Johnson , official assignee , BaainghaU-street ; and Mr . Crafter , solicitor , " Blackfriars-road , London . James Stufebs , coach-maker , Worthing , Sussex . Marcb , 7 , and April 5 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street . Mr . Lackington , official assignee , Coleman-Btreet-buildings , London ; and Mr . Williams , solieitor , Alfred-place , Bedford-square , London . John Todd , ship-bnilder , Hylton Perry , Durham , March 8 , at eleven , and April 11 , at one , at the Court « f Bankruptcy , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . Mr . Thomas Baker , official assignee , Newcastle-upon-Tyne ; Messrs . Eidson and Sons , solicitors , Sunderland ; and Messrs . Meggison and Co ., solicitors , King ' s Road , Bedford-row , London .
Joseph Borgha ll , coal-dealer ,. Bowtou Bri < Jg » , Cheshire , March 6 , at eleven , and April 10 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Liverpool . 'Mr . Bird , official assignee , Liverpool ; and Messrs . Harper and Jones , solicitors , Whitohurch . John Stephenson and William Haste , machinemakers , Bradford , Yorkshire , March 14 , and April 1 , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Leeds . Mr . Hope , officia assignee , Leeds ; and Mr . Blackburn , solicior , Leeds . William T&tes Norton , retail-breWer , Bitch Hills , Staffordshire , March 9 , at twelve , and April 3 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Leeds . Mr . Bittleson , official assignee , Birmingham ; and Mr . Brown , solicitor , Bilaton .
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- —~—^ ~ ^ OBlEii EXAMINATION OP THE 1 ATJE , iLR . CARLILE . ^ Sa ^^ fPecSon of the body of tie late 2 Ix ^ fcia i ' £ ome Peista of no ordinary interest ^ SrS ^^ ae subject of an attack of paralysis , eiiatt H ^ ISn ^ tion proved to have been caused by ^ S ^ s Vk- ? - blooa fcto a Ter 7 unusual situation , l * &te » * * the base of tte inia - T * 18 iona t ^ 1 * L * i > e ^ ^ Proportion of nine in four ¦^ H ^ iL ^ ^^* ae calculaQons of AudraL
^»« te " "" ^ m , by all medical authorities , that j J 5 ^ . 3 IeQSSSm 7 y £ ateL l ^ frto ^ , 1 * 86 P ™* 6 ** D ° t only that effusion of 18 «» afe ^ ° eHMe quantities , may have been in this ^ ttisj ^^ , being immediately fatal ; but -with % ^ " ' JtoTT nnPnjnty , "srithoat loss of eonsdous-1 fc ^ fcji ^ Carifle * fl brail 1 "weighed 31 b . 6 ez . and - ^ ofa ¦ - cerekelhini amounted to 5 cz . 5 dra . ^¦^ S ^ Tr ' therefore ' to * ^ tter to toe for-Z ^ feSn ^ l to aine andabalt The measurements ***!» £ ; waewhst exceeded the average European j ^ . 5 Sil death " * cossected Trlth the state of ^ Sj lnnr ^ The former-srEre in the cendiUon " * * tttsck of Bronchfites for the most part j
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TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —I bave had two interviews with Mr . Duncombe ; and although he thinks nothing can be done for poor Ellis at present , yet be pledges himself to use every exertion in the poor exile's favour as soon as the trials are over , and the political ferment arising out of the trials has subsided . Mr . Dancombe evinced the deepest sympathy with tbe undeserved sufferings of Ellis , and listened to my narrative of our conversation in the dungeon with manifest interest I regret to say that some one had made an unfavourable impression respecting poor Ellis npon Mr . Duncombe ' s mind , prior to my seeing him . That I have removed it , gives me inexpressible satisfaction . My vow , or , at least , the more important part of it , is now fulfilled .
I address my Shakspereans , by way ef farewell , twice in the Leicester amphitheatre , next Sunday . The following Sunday , I have engaged to deliver two addresses at Wednesbury , where I hope to have the melancholy satisfaction of seeing Mrs . Ellis ; and the next morning I shall be at Stafford , ready to present myself , once more , at the bar . I am , dear Sir , Yours truly , Thomas Cooper . London , Feb . 28 th , 1843 .
P . S . I am sorry to say that I must disappoint the friends at Gainsborough , Newark , Arnold , fco . I cannot now make them the visit I promised .
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induces , the latter was somewhat enlarged , and loaded with a considerable quantity of fat ^ Mr . Carlile's case ia an instructiTe one to the physician , and it must be a source of gratification to his friends that , by his bequest , an item has been added to the treasury of useful knowledge . The above particulars were kindly furnished to our reporter by Dr . Thomas Williams , of St Thomas ' s Hospital .
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HARMONY HALL . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —In tbe last letter I wrote , I stated my readiness to forward a series of letters , " explanatory of what is contemplated by the Socialists in tbis experiment , and the degree of progress they have hitherto made . " The public mind is now becoming aroused to the importance of the land question , and it will require all the energy , zeal , and talent of every individual c . ipable of treating it broadly and justly to supply the demand for information respecting it that is being now rapidly created . With these preliminary remarks I proceed to point out to such of your readers as are n"t well acquainted with the subject , that the Social body are associated for the object ef removing , at the earliest possible period , all the causes which produce vice , crime , and misery in the world ; and of substituting in their place the causes which produce the greatest amount of permanent happiness to evbf y individual of the human race .
They found their expectations < sf being euabl d to do this upon certain fundamental facts or laws respecting the nature and organization of nlan which have been hitherto overlooked in the constitution of society ; and from these facts or laws they deduce two distinct but most important sciences , namely , the science of human nature and the science of society . By the former they know tbat experience will enable them to instruct their fellow men , iu such a knowledge of their organizations , as shall completely change the present current of their ideas , and convince them that
the actions of all men ure necessitated ; that the feelings and convictions of all are produced independently of any will they may have on the subject ; , by the circumstances in which they are placed ; and that either these feelings or convictions , or both of them united , will prompt them to action and form the wijl . By the latter they expect to be enabled to constract a system of society capable of proiluciui ? , not only a due supply for the physical wants of every individual , bat also every , requisite for his happiness , by the full development of every faculty and quality he may posseBS , physical , mental , and moral . ;
It is on these two sciences , as laid down by the Rational System , that all tbo proceedings of the Stcialists are based ; and althoneh there exists , even among tbe body -who bave associated themselves together to carry oat tbe principles , a considerable difference of opinion as to what these principles really are , and a still greater oh to the manner in ; which they are to be reduced to practice—yet , in proportion as the truths ef the system decome manifest to the minds of the disciples the progceaa of their introduction will be mada ;
It has appeared to many who have ; looked superficially at the subject , that failures have heretofore taken place in the development of the plans for introducing the Kational System of Society iuto practice ; but if we reflect , that in the year 1817 , Robert Owen first announced to the public , tbat be , withont any other assistance than the truth from which he had compiled his system , iuteaded to fiectroy every institution of society , and make it give place to a new and superior mode of humun existence , ; which should gradually be made to be desired by all ranks and classes , and see the progress which has been already made towards tbe ntfciininenfc of this object , we must come to tbe conclusion that the assertion was no id le boast ; bnt that what has been done is must astonishing , and tbe whole will most assuredly and speedily be realised .
What are the relative positions of tae various parties concerned in this declaration at thu time it was made aud the present period ? In 1817 , believing that Mr . Owen was about to introduce something which would minister to tho preconceived notions ami prejudices of the various ranks , classes , sects , and parties , and tbat by his assistance tbe existing order of things was about to be prolonged , under some slight modifications ; he was , for a time , the idol of those who were satisfied and contented , and was dreaded for jbis conservative principles by those who felt tbat some great change was
necessary , which change they thoughtjcould be tffdeted by violent opposition to the existing powers . No sooner , however , ha « l Mr . Owen made the memorable declaration which he did , at the City of London Tavern , in that year , that there existed much , very much , of error in every religion in the world , and that nothing short of an entire revolution in every institution and custom of society , and a reconstruction ot the elements of which it was composed on an entirely different basis , would enable him to proceed with his designs , than he fouud himself more or less opposed by every individual in the world . >
From that period to the prasent , Mr . Owen has nndeviatingly pursued his . course , and it must be left to future generations , who shall have taken a clear conception of the whole of hi 3 vast and comprehensive plans , to do anything like adequate justice to the consistency with which his course bad befen pursued ; it is sufficient for me at present to remark , that from the opinions of a single individual , opposed to , and opposed by , every power , law , and custom , by which the affairs of man have been hitherto gbvernud , we find the principles are now not only the regulating standard for a body of men , who have come forward openly to temand
declare themselves disciples of the i sys , axe prepared to devote themselves entirely to its introduction in practice , and who have formed a society for that purpose more strongly organized than any that has hitherto existed ; but they have also made the deepest impression on every rank , I class , sect , and party , not only In this country , but throughout the civilized world ; and the fundamental doctrine which they contain , on which every superstructure must be based , * namely , that the character of man is formed for him and not by him , is now almost universally admitted , and must soon become the moving impulse ot all
human action . I am awaie , with some of your readers , I shall be considered as travelling beyond the Object I proposed , namely , that of explaining what is ] contemplated by the Socialists in this experiment , butjit is necessary to shew that in all onr transactions we have the universal and permanent happiness of the whole of tbe human race in view , to account for what ; would otherwise appear the delay which takes place , in immediately putting together , as may otherwise ibe easily done , a small economical association of men , ] confined solely to the supply of their physical wants , and held together by strong coercive regulations . j
The grand leading object of tbe Socialists being to put in operation a system of society such as I bave given an outline of in the above remarks , they have bad , and they will have , to progress in proportion as tbe
Untitled Article
THE NORTHERN STAR . 3
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 4, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct471/page/3/
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