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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, APRIL IS, 1&43.
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<£o 2$ea&?r0 amr ®ovre&noMjent&
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TO MY SCOTTISH FRIENDS IN LEITH, GLASGOW, GREENOCK, &o.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SUBSCRIPTIONS JRF-CEIVED BY MR . CLSAYE . ? C : -TTCAL TICTIMS' DSFKSCB AJfD SUPPORT ! FUKD . £ B . d . P- ' -ioTidy acknowledged .- ... 376 14 10 J As Old Radical , Hull ... 10 0 Pr . n > -T ... ~ -. 066 Mr . Ri ^ es and Friends , Brighilinisea , Essex Ob 0 Mr G Webb , frawley 0 10 W :- Rhodes and Friends , Camberwell ... 17 0 T . r-: Division of City P-rdwainers «• 0 8 6 Ct- w&iners , Star . Golden-lane — 1 \ » Bt > aee © f CSy lottery , 0 3 6 A : w insiaiS 3 of the Workhouse * — ° ' - * 5 Blwktrara »• — 3 6 0 G k House , Leicester Square 0 13 2 J . C , J ., Litibboro * , 0 1 0 Mr MurlesBirmingham ~ — JJ * JJ
, . Mr Carter , ditto ... »• — « 3 < J 2 dr South , ditto 5- I f "Mr . Newhouse , d ^ to •¦• 0 ^ t ) A f-w Tabors . Dirtfora 0 5 0 M R . Bl ^ htjna 01 0 Steam Factory , Longhboro' ... — 0 1 3 $ Fncnds , ditto 0 . 0 9 M . Srevenson , ditto 0 1 I 3 Hr . Erelelgh . ditto 0 1 0 Mr . Ch&mberlin , ditto — — ... 0 O 6 A Friend , ditio .. 006 He * r of Tyranny 0 10 Scr ^ -in-Ashfield 2 0 0
Mr . Dau&heriy and Friends , mnterbourn ... ... — — — 0 13 Mr . Bartfe and Frienda , Kingswood ... 0 3 0 i ^ een 2 0 0 Ffci-. Tk 0 11 6 Mr . Baxter and Friends 0 2 o Mr . Alcocke . 0 } ° Mr . Ryan , Somer ^ Town ° ? *
Mr . Hoagkinson ... .. 0 10 Hr . Rhodes and Friends , Camberwell ... 1 7-0 M-. Hrown ~ 0 1 0 Mr . Wia . Eandell , Betlmall Green ... 0 / 1 J . H-.- ... „ 0 0 « Cap-, » f Liberty , Brighton ... 10 0 Meil * r , Derbyshire 0 13 2 Sovr-: TbY , Circulars ... ... — ° 18 2 * SoTlandTown ... ... ... — ° * 5 5 lahkm ... - ~ — - 0 2 0 Sale of Crow and TyrreD ' s Powder , by
Mi . Rhodes 0 1 0 Bnrj drcvlars ... 0 » 2 Bnry St . Edmunds 0 10 0 Mossley , near Manchester ... ... 4 0 0 "Wolverhampton ... 0 5 6 Coalbrook . Dale 0 3 0 Proceeds of meeting at City Hall ... 5 6 0 Females , Tower Hamlets 0 7 0 5 0
Mr . Walker , and Eriends , Watford ... 0 Mi . Skeviugum — - — 0 10 Smiths and Engineers , East District , London , 14 th subscription ... ~ . 13 6 TPadswonh-row , near Halifax ... ... 1 19 0 Buiterley . „ ~ ... 0 5 0 Somer ' s Town ... ~ 10 0 Bath ... 0 12 0 Straihsven ... ... 0 8 0 Bounds and Ringstead ~ . 0 0 0 J A few Brassfonnders ( shopm 3 tes ) Nor- '
thampton ... 0 7 6 Edinburgh ... ... 0 8 0 Burnley ( 400 Chartist CtrculdnJ ... 0 10 4 Rochdale , third SubBcripuon 0 19 S "Wbim ^ rth 0 10 7 Haedesfidd - 0 5 2 £ 417 $ 3 i * The- name of the place was in the list , as we retired it j but "we omit it , that do opportunity ztij be ^ iven to the * authorities" to make it a pretei -or oppression . —Ep . * The sum from this place is not stated In the maaormpt sent to ns . —Ed . N . S-
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Bristol . —I hare mislaid the letter which accompanied a Post OSes Order for a small sum from thifl place . The party sending , will , therefore , please re-state name and particulars . Cobbbidge . —Enquiry shall be made . Ipswich . —I hare received a set of bag-pipes from Mr . M'Phersor . They -will be . disposed of by fhe London friends , and proceeds presented to this Pnnd . Oie pound received from Stokeslev was omitted in tlk ablished list of preiiood week , althoagh included in ~ . e " sum total . "
pob . jras . ellis . Previously acknowledged ... ... 10 1 0 Si- F ^ ncras Hannonio 34 eeting ... ... JOG CE- 'ifie . « « — 0 o 0 Mi . J . B . Smith ... 0 5 0 Sil » we&Yers , Sestering - 0 2 6 Leads ... ... ... ... 0 11 1 R . Haines , Esq ., Oundle ... .,. ... 5 0 0 O 1 J Locality , Kettering 10 0 M - Rhoddia , ( ealfi of breakfast powder ) 0 16 Fnends , per Ml . Lonsdale , Manehester 3 0 0 Blackbmn ... - Ch&riist School , Grimshaw-Park ... 0 9 9 Marylfcbone ... ~ . ... 0 3 0 Xinwood ... . 0 7 0 Oidhim Female Chariists . „ 0 10 0 A Friend ... ... . „ _ ... 0 0 ' 6 J . S .. Oldham — ... . „ ... 0 10 A Friend , Bnttedey . ... ... .-010
i 25 0 4 By OMhs 31 , Post order , &c ... ... 0 0 4 £ 25 0 0 JOB tfDODXLL . PreTjoBsly acknowledged 26 5 4 j MarvleboDe ... ... 0 7 0 Mr . Bowes and a Friend , MacclesEeld ... 0 Q 6 £ 26 12 loj 70 B PETKB JODES . Si Pancxas Harmonic Meeting ... „ . 0 10 0
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Shockisq Tbeaim £ 5 I op a Collieb Boy . —At the Qoarter Sessions for the West-Riding of this County held last week , at Pontefr&ct , a man named Joseph Whiteley , a collier , from EUand , near ffaKfa-gj -was tried before Mr . -C . Wwd , M . P cnairman , and other magistrates , - / or hs-riog Sl-u ? &d James "Whiteley , iis apprentice ; and the details of his cruelty excited the horror of the whole Conrt . The eyidenee was deemed by the jury quite conclusive against Whiteley , and they accordingly found him guilty . The Chairman , in passing sentence , said the prisoner had been found guiliy of one of the most atrocious offences erer brought before % Ctmri of jasfice . He had 21-treated in' a
most cruel and barbarous manner an orphan relation of his own , who had nobody else but him to look op to for protection . There jconld be no doubt of the fact , that without any reason ¦ wha teTer he had ill-treated him in a way that no person in court could hays beard , and that so one « onld read of , witnom borror , H # ( the Chairman ) was sorry that the law did not allow the court to isfiict a severer punishment than that which they had power to do ; but certainly to the extent of that power they would go . The sentence of the Conn wasihat he be imprisoned in the Honse . of Correction for two years . He was Borry that they could not seDtenee Mzn to hard labour , nor inflict any Bearer pumBbmenl .
At Detos ASF 12 ES , Wm . Eean , 20 , was found guiily ox a rape , at Buriifccombe , on the 4 th of January last , on the person of a married woman . The prosteutrix slated that she was the wife of ablack-Bmi-. b who had been Imng in Gloucestershire , when he deserted ler ; she receiTed information that her iasbaad was working on the railway at the White Ball Tunnel , and by the kindness of a gentleman fancer was enabled to travel down to Wellington , in search ef bJai ; at a public-house , where she enquired for her husband , the prisoner and another man T&iunieered to direct her to him . and tens decoyed ter 10 an house where the prisoner committed the fience . Tae case was clearly proved . The judge , in passing sentence « n the prisoner , obserred tnat he had been convicted most justly of one of the most daring cases of this description ; he should , therefore , t&ke xneaures that he should be sent ie the worst de > Bcripnons of the penal settlements , there " to work in chains for the rest of bis life .
Loss of x SxEiJtKB . —On Friday morning last , the following remarkable occurrence , in which a steamer was stolen and afterwards wrecked , attended with loss of afe , took place at Tynemonih , near North Shields , At daybreak , the pDots on the look-out , at tha entrance of the river , discovered a vessel amongst the rocks called the Black Middens , underneath Tynemouth lighthouse and the ruined abbey , which , proved to be a steamer . The alarm was instantly raised , and the life-boat waa manned and - put off to her assistance ; bat upon arriving alongside the vessel , much surprise was evinced at finding enly one man on board , who was safely taken out of the wreck and conveyed ashore . Immediately he put his foot on land , he attempted to go away , without giving account as to the manner in which the
steamer waa wrecked ; but the custom-house officer detained . him , and after being kept in custody for some tiaie , he admitted having , witt another man , stolen tha steamer from her moorings in that river ( the Tyne ) , and added thai , in making for sea , she drove on the rooks . The other man , he said , jumped overboard apos the vessel breaking Dp , to swim "to the rocks , "but be suspected he met with a watery grare , for ie had seen nothing more of him Knee . It hax been ascertained thai the steamer was tailed the Gharlea William , belonging to Messrs . Eiolardson and Co ., and tb * t the man who b supposed to" be drowned was a discarded son of the owner . The Yessel was nsed for towing vessels in aad oat of the harbonr . She has gone completely to pieces , andbat very little of her materials have been c&Tad .
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NATIONAL EDUCATION AND THE GOVERNMENT FACTORY BILL . The measure of Government for giving Education to the most helpless , and , not nnfreqnently , most ignorant portion of our labouring population has brought the whole subject of National Education under review , and has formed a prominent topio of discussion among public prints and party gatherings ever since its introduction . We have been watching the " war of worda" with considerable interest and anxiety ; and we have observed fevr things to exhibit more clearly the otter recklessnes of public interests —the exclusive selfishness of faction under every
form . The zealots of all shades and grades have shown off such antics upon this measure , as we suppote few others could have drawn from them . The fanaticism of *¦ Church" on the one band , and of " DiBseut" on the other , has boxed the lugs of Government on both sides , until , were it not pretty confident of the support of rational and moderate men of all parties , it might be well enough anticipated that the Bill would be thrown aside in disgust , and that Government would swear never to attempt a good thing again . We trust , however , that this will not be the case ; that this Bill , which , in its principle , is really good , which , in detail , is easily
capable of such improvement as shall make it unobjectionable to any but the merely factious , and which is certainly as much called for by the necessities of the people as any remedial measure that we can think of , will be allowed to come unimpaired into active operation . And if it do so , we abi ^ l hope to see much good resulting from it . We have not yet arrived at the transcendental pitob of Dissenting "liberalism" which would induce us , with theJVbncmformxst to cry out that rather than have our children taught to read and write in the intervals of labour provided bj G-oTernment for the purpose , and in schools which may be under olerical control as to the religious portion of their exercises , we would
say" Ne ! Rather let the people of this country , as they have done , scramble about in the midst of toil and privation , and Labour , after such ideas as they can pick up in converse one with another—in dame , and Snnday , and British schools , OR AT NO SCHOOL AT ALL . If we must have the one or the other , let's have thesavageism of ancient Britain . " This may be very congenial with the spirit of Dissent as embodied in the Nonconformist and his elder brother" Young Neddy ? ' but we opine that it will find little response among the people , whose eyes have re «? ntly become in Borne degree open , despite the influence of fanaticism , to their real interests .
Thej know , if Mr . Noncon . does not , that the ignorance of the people is the tyrant ' s safeguard ; and that general intelligence is incompatible with factious domination . The Noncon . affects to sneer at calling by the same of Education the amount of learning which the children are likely to acquire in these Schools . He says : — "If education mean nothing more than ability to read and write , we may pay too dtarly for the -whistle ; if it mean more than this , we most inquire what that more is .
" Competency te read and write u unquestionably to be desired . A knowledge of letters constitutes the key to that immense depository of information stored np is bosks . It by no means follows , however , that access 10 all this information ia necessarily enjoyed by him who has the key . A man may be able to open the garden gate at Hampton court , and may be at liberty to recreate himself within the enclosure , to whom , on account of bis residing in Northumberland , » ae privilege It pratlically of TeryinconriderableTalne . Factory hands may be t&nght by government to read and write—but whilst heavy taxes are imposed upon all the means of knowledge , and the whole system of legislation tends by inevitable Btepa to throw upon our manufacturing poor
the necessity of devoting , yearly , more and more time , and energy , and health , bonestJy to acquire the bare pittance required for a scanty subsistence , we caanot rely very confidently upon such instruction to moralise the masses . The alphabet will not work miracles . The apttst reader will profit but little of letters , except as he is able by means of them to get at useful information—and whilst , on the one hand , his energies are exhausted by toil , increased both in amount and in severity by all kinds of monopoly , we hold it to be a mere delusion to imagine that the power to read and write trill considerably mend tbe condition of the millions . To those who have Betther books , nor time , nor phjsical strength , of what great practical advantage will the mere knowledge of letters prove ?"
Falsehood is ever fooliBh j and we have not often seen a piece of more foolish and paltry false reasoning than this . The key of Hampton Court may certainly be of less use to "brother Noneon" ' * Northumbrian in the locality which he has chosen for him than in London ; but let him remove to London and iiave no key—of what use will Hampton Court be to him 1 Is the Noncon . so great an ass as not to know that in that •' scrambling about in the midst of too and privation which he seems to long for , the labourer might at least have so disadvantage in the possession of that knowledge which he admits to be the hep to science and intelligence on all general subjects 1
How utterly contemptible does this shallow-p&ted Dissenter look when his views on this important snbject are contrased with those of a writer of sens * and observation . In the Morning Chronicle , some years ago , appeared several letters under the signature "O . P . Q ^ " in which we find these observations , which we " pit" against the argument (?) of Noncon . ¦ — w When Joseph Lancaster , Doctor Bell , William
Allen , Henry Brougham , the Duke of Sua-ex , Lord Holland , and other enlightened benefactors of their species , took in hand , some years ago , the glorious and heavenly task of snligktening the ignorantbringing up in virtue the children of poor parents—teaching little orphans and mendicants to read , to write , to cast accounts , and think , I doubt very much whether they felt all the force of their own work , and whether they themselves understood the resnlta which must arise from their labours .
" They forgot the animal portion of man in their attention to Mb intellectual destinies—and they continued to encourage the Poor Laws—to patronize workhouses—to rear almshousea—and to establish hospitals and dispensaries , quite satisfied in their own minds that man could be educated , and yet remain as dependant on the eh&rities of the rich for the supply of his necessities and his wants , his luxuries and Mb comforts , as if he remained wholly
uninstrneted . This was a capital error . Before they made up their minds to teach little boys to read and to write , they should have calculated—1 , That the little boys and girls would become young men and young women ; 2 . That in their turn they would become husbands and wives , and fathers and mothers—aiid servants and artizansand that the reading and the writing would make th m well-informed men and well-informed women :
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3 . Toat being well-informed men and women , they would know something more than merely to eat , drink , and Bleep , dauce , and get drunk , as they would have done before they were instructedbeing satisfied with the smile of Lord A . or the condescending bow of Lady B . ; 4 . That being so well-informed , they would read something more than the Prayer Book and the Bible , religious tracts , or Sunday magazines , which Bible , and Tract , atd Sabbp . th Societies would put into their hands—and that they would read history , biography , newspapers , political pamphlets , and dissertations on the present and past conditions of human
society ; 5 . That these well-informed men and women would find out that there was no absolute virtue in wealth—no necessity for abject povertyno necessary connection between slavery and the honest daily toil of a labouring man—that talent should always be recompensed—that money was no more capital than industry—that the workman is worthy of his hire—that Ms hire should be adequate for all Ma wants—that Miss Marfineau ' s system of keeping a man without a helpmate because he was sot rich , was immoral and favourable to licentiousness , fornication , and adulterythat the labourer has a right to marry—has a
right to have children—haB a right to expect to maintain them out of the gains of his active industry and : patient toil—and that the enormous fortunes of some and the utter beggary and destitution of others , is not a natural but an artificial , not a healthy and thriving but a sickly and deplorable state of society ; and there is no moral and intellectual reason , none in the sight of Ged , and none in the sight of rational and educated mea , why the mass of human society should be so wretchedly poor , and the exceptions of human society so preposterously and inif nitously wealthy ; and C . I think the great and the good men who set about teaching in all countries ( " British and
Foreign School Society ") little boys and little girls to read , to write , and to east accounts , should also have calculated that when those little boys and girls should become well-informed men and women , and should have learnt from history , from observation , from journals , and newspapers , and tracts , all I have just described—that they would not rest satisfied with this knowledge ; that as they had congregated together in Lancasterian and in Bell's schools to be taught to read and to write , so , in after life , they would congregate together to improve their physical condit "n as animals , as well a > 3 their moral and political condition as citizens , and as immortal beings . "
* ' It was impossible that an educated workman , labouring hard , working early and late—a sober , honest , prudent , and worthy cititon , would long continue to eat bread and drink water in exohange for his sweat , his knowledge , his arms , and Ms head ; an ignorant man might go on at this rate , but an instructed man—never ! And if not one , then how much more , millions of instructed workmen . " This ia something rational in the political view of the Education question ; and to every man who thinks thus rationally , it must , therefore , be a matter of high moment to seize every opportunity of extending to the masses the possession of a key to that intellectual improvement which can scarcely fail to be the vestibule or hall of entrance to the
fane of freedom ; while , in the moral view of the matter , we accord entirely with the excellent remarks of Mr . Sergeant Atcherley , who , lately addressing the Grand Jury of Dorsetshire , is reported to haVe said ;—11 On looking to ( he calendar , it is Impossible not to see that probably a great number of minor offences bave arisen in some instances from distress , and in others from want of education . In addressing gentlemen of your station , I need Hardly Bay it is undoubtedly our best polk ; to administer to the want * and comforts of our poorer neighbours . It we wast to make the labourer honest , we jnust afford him the means of being so ; if we wish him to be peaceable , we must attract Mm to as , not by the terms of a hard contract , but by those
means -which find the way to hjLs heart , by convincing him that those who are above him are anxious for his welfare . If we wish to fortify his moral principles , we must remember that the best way of doing so Ls by holding out opportunities of acquiring knowledge of every kind , but by all means of a religious character . I will only say , in conclusion , that it is by the force of good will and mutual service that we shall best maintain peace , protect property , and in particular cement society in a state of tranquillity , which no subtlety of legal enactment vrlll provide , no terror of the law sscure ; that we shall best administer to our own gratification , that purest , most lasting , that best of all grattflcatlons , the gratification of seeking to do good , by advancing as far as we can the happiness of our fellow men . "
These are sentiments which do honour to a man ; and which Dissenting bigots would do well to Btndy and appropriate , instead of raising the howl of super * stition and fanaticism against almoBt a solitary good measure issuing from the Government . The Dissenters are not alone , however , in their opposition . The fanatics of the Church are quite as furiottB ; fortunately fanaticiem is not quite bo rampant in the Church , notwithstanding its much greater numbers ; but what it can it does , even there , to thwart any matter from which the people might derive benefit . While the Dissenters howl about the " prostration of their interests , " the English Churchman and the Nottingham Journal thus gabble at the Minister for Ms subservience to dissent : —
" We do not hesitate to say that this bill must be regarded by religions men , beth in and onfc of Parliament , as the first of a probable series of attempts to lower the Church of England to the rank of a State Establishment Whether either the religious or irreligious of our countrymen are inclined to put up with any such thing , % very short time will prove . " Sir James Graham , first of all , in forming the new schools of the factory districts , offers to the clergyman of every parish the doubtful compliment of being e » ofkiQ , one of the trustees : ' rather , he does not of&r it at all ; he orders it so to be . If ' churehwarvlana ' decline the honour , there is a provision in the bill to
meet that case ; bat the clergyman is clearly reijur ' ed as already the ' state-officer ; ' and Sir James Graham already feels himself ' Toe Minister of the Religious Department of the Public Service . ' The clergyman ' s co-trustees may by the act be anybody , ' Je * . Turk , or InfldeV WQ 0 may have * granted a site for a school . ' [ Beet . 63 . ] or nave been appointed by a neighbouring justice of the peace ! The clergyman is kindly informed that he may catechise and instruct bis youug parishioners in these schools , provided the parents of the children do not object , in which case he is to desist 1 This is the extent to which our unmitred Baronet has at present ' charged his Clergy . '
" Now , into all the minute details of a bill which thus , at the very outset , sets at defiance all the feelings of Churchmen , and all the existing provisions of the parochial system of onr Church , we hold it to be superfluous to enter ; but , were it necessary , we should not shrink from saying , we recoil , as Churchmen ( and as Christians , believing troth to be one , and not manifold or various , )—recoil from its whole spirit—recoil from its every position . Whyy vre ask , are we to be burthened as a nation with this new and unwieldy machinery ? Are there not in all our parishes sobools
both of ancient and modern endowment , without establishing in this invidious and revolting way factory Mhools ? Have we not yet enough of separation and alienation of class from class in this country , but it must be carried farther , and made more painfully palpable set T And must the clergyman be made the state tool for carrying out this most hateful measure ? If this be the Conservative -way to educate and bless the people , aud elevate the depressed Church , ' may God , in his goodness , preserve as therefrom . '—English Churehman .--lAmeiL—Nottingham Journal . } "
This is sufficiently farcical no doubt ; but not a wMt more so than the ravinga of the Neddies , " tht Noncon ^ the Patriot , and their pious " brethren , " of " the tub . " Every malicious ingenuity that could be practised for the distortion and SttsrepreBentation of the Bill has been industriously brought into play by every ultra-pious scribbler and tub-thumper of them alL And not a little deliberate and atrocious falsehood has been lagged in to eke oat the argument . M Young N « ddy" has edified Lord Wharncliffb
by a long objurgatory lecture on the duties of his official situation in reference to this motion ; but finding the Noble Lord very unbending to Ms patronage be has turned in a huff ; to the parents of Sunday School children , whom in his last number he condescends to " talk to" in a manner so affable and kindly , asmuBt—if th ^ y be not quite insensate—excite their gratitude for bis attentions and make them exclaim to each other " Lawk ! what a nice man that yOUBtf * Mr . Baines is . Did yo * ever see ! Wh » he talks
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" to us poor folks as if we was ever ] such gentle * tt folks ! " ** Neddt" very politely informs these poor people that a Bill has been brought into Parliament by one of the Queen ' s Ministers , to provide in a new way for educating the children of the working classes ; and he then proceeds to desoribe its provisions , in which he labours most disgracefully to produce the impression that the necessary effect of this Bill must be the utter ruin of all Dissenting Sunday Schools and Day Sohools . Now we apprehend that these " working people , " whom NEDDT
thus condescends to patronize , will be apt to think it a little strange that he should , while good enough to tell them what is in the Bill , not lay the Bill itself before them that they might see what it actually doea say . Neddy bad a capital reason for not doing this ; he knows that the Bill has no one provision which can , by any possiblity operate to the injury of any Sunday School now existing ; and he knew , therefore , that if he Bbould let this fact appear , the parents of Snnday Scholars would " Smoke his gammon . "
The Leeds Dissenters have again mustered their forces—lay and clerical . Great were the efforts made to produce an effect" last Tuesday . Every H tub" in the conventicles was beaten to the tune of " No Churoh , " on the previous Sunday ; Neddy puffed and blew at his penny trumpet ; the meeting was—as all manufacturing dissent meetings arecunningly contrived for Tuesday , at noon—just when all the " brethren" from Pudsey , Stanningley , Yeadon , Horsforth , Bradford , Dewsbury , Batley , Heckmoadmke , Huddersfield , and ail the clothing districts , might be calculated on ; when , in fact , in name of a Leeds meeting , they might have a meeting of all the tower of Dissent and " Liberalism" in the West Riding . And yet , with all the puffing , all the " tub-thumping , " and all the maneuvering that could be used , the meeting was a failure !
The p « ople Would not come when they did call . " Something like one thousand five hundred , or eighteen hundreds persons mustered at the sound of the Dissenting whistle ; most of them parties who had no concern whatever with the town , the very elite of countrified dissent—the clothiers and small millowners pf the various adjoining districts—and vrho gaped at their proceedings without understanding them—merely knowing that " ther wor a meetin' i't Cloath Hoi Yird aummat abaht t' parsons and t'Skooils ; and ther wor Hamm ' leton and BAiRESand some more on ' m theere , they did tawk feaful wheel ' . "
At this meeting similar resolutions were adopted to those of the meeting held some time since in the Commercial Buildings . No attempt was made to suggest any remedy for the alleged faults of the Bill ; but the ungracious and unmanly position was again assumed of praying simply that the Bill " may not pass" —that it may be withdrawn and society left in the state in which it now is , so far as Educational provision ia concerned . We presume that not one of the parties influential in getting up tbe disgraceful opposition to this Bill is unaware of tbe condition of the Factory Districts as to Education—if s » we will ask them to read the extracts we lately gave ° them from the Inspectors' Reports—and if that be insufficient , as having reference only to one or two districts ; let them then read the following : —
EXTRACTS FEOM TUB CONCLUSIONS OF THE SECOND EBPOET OF TUB COMMISSIONERS FO& 1 NQUIRIK * INTO TUK EMPLOYMENT AND CONDITION OF CHILDREN IN MINES AND MANUFACTORIES . That in many of these trades and manufactures , and especially in piii-making , nail-making , lace-making , the hosiery trades , calico-printing , the earthenware trades , and tobacco-making , the children bave not good and sufficient food , nor warm and . decent clothing ; great numbers of them , when questioned , stating that they have seldom or sever enough to eat , and many of them being clothed in rags ; and . it is a general complaint that they are prevented , by want of proper olothing , from going to toe Suudaj-scbeol , or to a place ef public worship .
" That there are few classes of these children and young persona < working together in numbers , ' of whom a large portion are not in a lamentably low moral condition "That this low moral condition is evinced by a general ignorance of moral duties and sanctions , and by an absence of moral and religious restraint , shown among some classes chiefly by coarseness of manners , and the use of profane but' indecent language ; bat in other classes by the practice of gross immorality , which is prevalent to a great extent in both states at very early age * .
" That tbu absence of restraint Is the result 0 / a general want of moral and religious training ; comparatively few of these classes having tbe advantage of moral and religious parents to instruct and guide them ; their low moral condition , on the contrary , often having ita very origin in tbe degradation of the parents , who , themselves , brought np without virtuous habits , can set no good example to their children , nor hare any beneficial control over their conduct . " That , in the majority of instances , the young people , while in their places of work , are under the cue and control solely of tbe adult workmen , by whom they are generally I ired and paid , and whose servants they are ; and after their work is over , they are subjected to no kind of superintendence , but their time is entirely at their own disposal
*• That although placed under such highly unfavourable and dangerous circumstances , some of these children and young persons escape any permanent moral deterioration , and become in after-life m respectable and well-conducted as any persons in their station ; buttbia is not the common result , the more natural consequences of the possession of unrestrained liberty at an age when few are capable of self-government being witnessed in great numbers of these children and young persons , who acquire , in childhood and youth , habits which utterly destroy their future health , usefulness , and happiness .
" That the evils resulting from vicious courses , commenced thus early , and often pursued to tbe end of life , do not always stop with the ruin of the individuals , their example being sometimes contagious ; and instances are recorded in which youths have leagued together for the commission of crimes and outrages of no ordinary description . " Thai the means of secular and religious instruction , on the tfficiettcy of which depends the counteraction of all these evil tendencies , are so grievously defective , that , in all districts great numbers of children and young persons aregrowino up without any religious moial . or irdeUtctual training ; nothing being done to form them to habits of order , sobriety , honesty , and forethought , or even to restrain ( hem from vice and crime .
-That there is not a single district in which the means pf instruction are adequate to the wants of the people ; while in Bonie districts the dencency is so great that clergymen and other witnesses , state that the schools actually in existence are insufficient for the education of otie-third of the population . " That , iu all districts , many children and young persons , whether employed in the minds of coal and iron , or in trades and manufactures , never 50 to any school , and some never have been at any school . " Tuat In general the children who never go to any school seldom goto any place of worship '
" That great numbers of those children who had been in regular attendance on Sunday-schools for a period of from five to nine years were found , on examination , to be incapable of reading an easy book or ot spelling the commonest words j and they were not only altogether ignorant of Christian principles , doctrines , and precepts , but they kuew nothing whatever of any of tbe events of Scripture history , nor anything even of the names most commonly occurring in the Scriptures . « That , in almost all the districts , much anxiety is expressed by the best-informed witnesses , that any legislative enactment to shorten the present hwurs of -work for children , should be accompanied by full and tfficient moans of educating the great numbers who would thus have time afforded them to attend school .
"That from the whole body of evidence it appears , however , that there are at present in existence no means adequate to effect any material and general improvement in the physical and moral condition of the children and young persona employed in labour . " Now with this picture of our labouring population before our eyes—and knowing it to be too true—wo envy sot the minds of those who can say , " sooner than give us education in schools of
which a clergyman shall be trustee , give no education at all ; if we mast have one or the other , give ub savageism . " We say with the Sun" Sooner than not have the Education Bill pass , we would infinitely prefer having it pass precisely as it stands , eo persuaded are we of the pressing necessity for such a measure , and such little importance do we attach to the complaints of High-Church on the one band , and of Dissent on tho
other , when weighed against the great , comprehensive principle of national instruction . The first consideration with , us is , the instilling into the minds of the working classe 9 right notions of religion and morality ; and we care not whether these notioas are implanted in them by Church-
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men or Dissenters . We wish'to see them—and this as speedily as possible—put into such a course of moral training , aa may qualify them to play the parts of good fathers—good friends—good citizens—and cause them to be loved and respected in the social relations of life . We wish to see them raised from the filthy stye of ignorance in which thousands of them are now contentedly wallowing ; to see fallen humanity uplifted in their natures ; and their minds taught to appreciate all that is good and great in
character , instead of turning away from the contemplation of moral excellence as a thing which they cannot understand . We boast of being the richest nation in the world ; henceforth let it be our endeavour to show that we are al&o the most intelligent . Here , indeed , will be a legitimate theme for national exultation , and ! God forbid that the doctrinal disputes of iChurchmen and Dissenters should ever interfere to prevent our realising so creditable—so noble a vaunt ! . ; We say , therefore , by all means let the Education Bill pass . "
" What are mere theological dogmas compared with the great , comprehensive , and beneficent prinoiple involved in the Education Bill ! What matters it in what sect a child is educated , provided his education be a moral and a Christian one 1 Considering thej pressing emergency of the casebearing in mind the alarming disclosures made by Lerd Ashley as to the state of demoralization and ignorance in which thousands of the labouring classes are now plunged—we do think that a perilous responsibility will attach to that party through whose means a scheme for remedying the evil shall be defeated ! What ! is it a time to cavil on doctrinal points and matters of discipline—to fail to loggerheads on nice , subtle questions of orthodoxy and
heterodoxywhen vast masses of the community are in such a brutal , benighted state , that the national tranquillity cannot be calculated on from one year to another t We do most earnestly entreat both Churchmen and Dissenters—on this momentous question at least —to lay aside their distrust of each other , to meet each other half way in a temperate and conciliating spirit , and endeavour to come to something like a mutual good understanding . Surely the . very grandeur and comprehensiveness of the subject which they are called on to consider , should of itself be sufficient to exert a benignant influence on their minds , elevate their tone of sentiment , and render them superior to all petty , sectarian , one-sided con * eiderationa . " i
Doubtless there are points in which the Bill needs improvement ; and if those improvements can be effected , so much Jhe better . Let aa ia God ' s name mend it if we can * but not throw it away , even if we cannot . From the tone which has been takes on the matter in the House of Commoxs there is every reason to believe that if ; improvements be proposed in a proper spirit theyjwill be appropriately met . Lori John Russell has given notice of some resolutions in the House , calculated partially to effect what must bo the object of all well-disposed and honest Dissenters . There ar « other points to wbioh attention might be well' directed , and which we shall yet take occasion to notice , when the bhzs of Dissenting fury and Cburch bigotry shall give us opportunity . Meantime here are' Lerd John ' s resolutions—good as far as they go : — i
" 1 . That in any bill for the promotion of education in Great Britain , by which a board shall be authorised to levy , or cause to ] be levied , parochial rates for the election and maintenance of schools , provision ought to be made for an adequate representation of the ratepayers of the parish in such board . ¦¦ 2 . That tbe chairman of auah board should b « elected by the board itself . " That the holy iScriptnres , in the authorised version , shall be taught in all eehoola established by any such board . " 4 . That special { provision should be made for cases in which Roman Catholic parents may object to the instruction of their children in the holy Scriptures in such schools . '
" 6 . That bo other books of religious instruction Bbould be used in such schools , unless with tbe sanction of the Archbishops of Canterbury and York , and the concurrence ef the' Committee of Privy Council on Education . e . That , in order to prevent the disqualification of competent schooltnaatera on religious grounds , the books of religions instruction , other than the Holy Bible , introduced into the schools , should be taught apart by tbe clergyman of the parish , or some person appointed by him , to the children of Protestants wh » belong to tbe Established Church , and who may be desirous that their children should be ao instructed .
"That all children taught in such schools shonld have free liberty to resort to any Sunday-school , or any place of religions worship , which their parents may approve . . " t . That any school connected with the National School Society , the British and Foreign School Society , any Protestant Dissenters" School , or any Roman Catholic School , which shall be found on inspection to be efficiently conducted , shall be entitled by license from the Privy Council . to grant certificates of school attendance for the purpose of employment in factories of children and young persons .
" 0 . That , in the ] opinion of this House , the Committee of Privy Conncil on education ought to be furnished with the means to enable them to establish and maintain a sufficient number of training and model schools in Great Britain . " 10 . That the said Committee ought likewise' to be enabled to grant gratuities to deserving Bohoolmasters , aud to afford such aid to schools established by voluntary contributions as may tend to the more complete instruction of the people in religious and secular knowledge , while at the same time the rights uf conscience may be respected . " ! Sir James Grahah in reply said that : —
" Since the second reading of the BUI he had had the opp , rtunity of hearing the opinions of many deputations and of receiving various suggestions aa to its provisions , and it would be tbe duty , aa it waa the inclination of himself and hU colleagues , to give to those suggestions tbejmost calm and dispassionate consideration . He was not prepared at that moment , nor would the House expect him , to enter into any statements as to what might be the modification which he should have to propose in the details of the Bill ; but , from What had already taken place , and from tbe tone in Which the subject bad been already discussed , he bad a confident expectation of being enabled to propose many material alterations in it . "
Now we do think that this , so far as language can be understood , indicates a spirit and purpose of fairplay sufficient to satisfy any reasonable man . Lei those who feel that tho measure , in its present form , would press hardly on . them , —shew how it would do so—and suggest their measures of amendment ; but let them not forget that Government having the whole community to look to , ought so to shape their measures as to secure the good of all without consulting the prejudices of a section—and that a small section too . Again , we borrow ; the language of the Sun and say— I
" No great pnblio measure was ever yet carried , but some party or other mode a sacrifice to It ; and shall men , who call themselves religious , hesitate to do so , when the scheme in coasideratioa ia one tor tbs education of the people ? If , however , the zealots of High Cburch and Dissent will not be prevailed on to abandon their opposition , we do most earnestly hope and trust that all the moderate and intelligent men in the community will make a point of coming to the assistance of Government on this occasion , for they may rely on it , things have come to that pass with as , that if we have not national education , we must have national convulsion . "
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impossibility tof an ; journal giving any thing like a full report will at once present itself . In answer to applications bb te whether suboribers for the last number only will be entitled to the portrait of Baron Rolpe , we should say , certainly not » , It is requested that agents will give timely orders to Hetwood , of Manchester ; Hobson , of Leeds ; and Cleave , of London . The work is all stereotyped , and numbers 1 and 2 are aow going through , a second edition . Some few errors are observable , but they will be corrected in a list of " errata . "
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SOMETHING FOR PRACTICE . HOW TO GET THE LAND . Most earnestly do we * call the attention of every individual into whose hands this paper may fall , to the letter of Mr . O'Connor , outlining forth a plan for the concentration of the people ' s energies to obtain possession of a portion of LAND , wheron to commence a practical exposition of the principles
now so universally received amongst all classes . Tho public mind is fully ripe for the taking of such a step . Indeed , were the working people longer to delay the necessary steps requisite to give to the world a practical development of what they mean by saying that "THE LAND is the only possible means of salvation" they would very shortly find that they were far behind public opinion .
The indications manifested throughout the popular ranks , that the time has arrived when some such step as that outlined by Mr . O'CoNNoamwsf beioken are both too numerous and too strong to be mis * taken . There is a yearning desire on every hand for the elaboration , promulgation , and adoption of a plan having for its end and aim the uniting of nuc * Vcb with theory . At the time we write we have on the table a letter from another firm friend of the people , pointing out the imperative necessity of the step ; and also outlining a plan mainly similar to Mr . O'Connob ' s , differing enly in one or two particulars . Most likely we shall give publication to that letter next week .
With the determination expressed at the end ef Mr . O'Connob ' s letter not to press the question of bis Amended Organisation for some time we cordially concur . The question he baa now mooted of combining " social economy ** with " political agitation" will call for much consideration on the part of the people ; and tho means by which the ends sought are to be accomplished , will require much attention , and much forethought . It is absolutely necessary that something of the kind should be prominent in any plan , which the people now adopt . It was our conviction of this that dictated the allusion which in oar
few remarks on Mr . O'Conhob ' 3 plan Of organization , was made to the want of something which the plan in the shape it then bore did not provide . It ooald not be expected that the necessary attention can be properly bestowed on so important an affair if there should beany undue and unnecessary hurrying on of the matter . The respective plans that may be propounded must be firstly canvassed over by the people in their ! several localities ; and then ; when judgments have been formed , a rational delegation should be holden for the purpose of maturing sod sanctioning a uniform and consistent plan out of tbe ) whole *
We shall anxiously wait for and watch the development of tie respective schemes that may be propounded . This is a question of mighty import , and of deep interest . As euch we shall view it and treat it . The best attention we can bestow shall be willingly applied ; and we shall endeavour to guide public opinion to what we consider to be the legitimate courses of action in connection with it . A popular organisation more powerful and more useful than any ever yet existing in this kingdom , may be formed on this basis , if only the proper means be takes to secure the protection of the law . That security may be had . It shall be a portion of our duty to point out the way .
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Mr Fbiends , —If it may please God , I will endeavour , when I visit Scotland , bo to manage matters as to have the gratification of seeing all of you . But I must say , in answer to the parties who request that my visit may be hastened , that it cannot be . I would have been most happy to be in Glasgow on the 21 st of May , as my kind friends request ; but I dare not travel northward till the warm weather have set in . I must have a little time to come
round . I am totally unfit for hard Work DOW . About the middle of June is as soon as I dare reckon on . I shall then come to Edinburgh and stay two or three days , after which I will try to visit other places to which I have been invited in such order of time and circumstance as may be most convenient ; not to prolong my stay beyond three weeks . I am in hopes thereby not only to derive much gratification from communion with my cool-headed , warm-hearted , friends , but also to do something for the improvement , if not re-establishment of my lost health . God save yon all and speed the Charter , WiiiiAM Hill .
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CON MuKBAY , Glasgow . —The report Tie mentions in a private letter had not oome to hand when the first edition of the Star teas obliged to go to press . Sundeeland . —All persons wishing to correspond with the Council of the Whole-hog Chartist Brigade are requested to direct , for the Juture , to Mr . George Char I ton t sail-maker , 2 , Fitter ' srow . Defence Ponb . —The sovereign placed in Mr O'Connor ' s hands at Lancaster was given him by Mr . J . T . Lund , and included 10 s . from Ulvef ston , and lOs . from the sale of Nicholson's Break ' fast Beverage . In the Star of the ISth ult . £ 1 is acknowledged from John Pritchard qf Ruby Hill , near Chester : it should have been from John Prilehard , of Ruley Hill , near Farndon , Cheshire .
T . B . Simnitt , Newark . —Certainty n < tt : yox vM be in great danger if you do , A Constant Rkadkb and Subscriber , Huddebs field . — We do not know a good printed book on Short Hand : the best that we Have yet seen isoy Sams , of Bath . There are also some cap ital thoughts in Pitman ' s Phonography . J . M ., Leicester . —Thanks , Oldham Chartists . —We four that if the person whom they style John Norbury , alias Taylor , and , respecting whom they speak of information which has been communicated to them from ihe Chartists : qf Newoastle-upon-Tj / ne ,- Rochdalet Heywood , Wigan , Siocfcport , and Mossleyt ceuf » get any petty fogging attorney to take up his case he might have a good action against us for lib ** if we should insert their paragraph . Wm . Peplow . —His letter to t 1 lie subscribers to fa Defence Fund next week .
JOHN Colquhoon wishes Khe address of Mrs . ElSs that he may remit to her £ 1 from the Glasgo * Chartist Association i ^ s . from Mr . Smith , && * * street ; and U . / ro- ^ a Mr . Niel Muir . - —^—
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FOR THE NATIONAL DEFENCE FUND . ^ From A . R , and a few friends , Eiiaburgn 0 9 * FOR MR . COCKB 0 BN , OP NEWC ASTLEFrom B . Jones , Brlatol 0 1 .
The Northern Star. Saturday, April Is, 1&43.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , APRIL IS , 1 & 43 .
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TO IHB EDITOB OF TBS JvOKTBERH STAB . Six , —I donbt not it will be in tha remembrance of your readers , that in September last I was arrested and held to ball , myself in cue hundred pounds and four friends in twenty-five pounds each , for sedition , upon the isolated evidence of a rural Police Serjeant , Wo . 52 , of the &loncester County , j named Jasper Fowler i this said man swearing that 1 said " it -was a great shame the Queen ^ id not maintain her own mother . ** Now , S j , if it be a shame or no , I shall not say , neither did I say ; I have eight respectable witnesses to prove the
words sworn to were never uttered by me . It took the wisdom of six Solons , or Dogberries , to commit me for the Baid monstrous treason , or sedition . In my poor opinion tbe names of these -wiseacres of the county Of Gloucsstar wonld receive too great honour if handed down in yonr psgea te posterity—bast to pass them by as tbe idle wind , for which we care net Suffice it to say , 1 attended the sali aasia- 'S with the accoutrements of war , namely , the armour of virtue , the shield of truth , and sword of jastica The dastardly foe , armed with tyranny and might , dare not enter the arena .
Tbis Terr dsy { Tuesday ) , at four o ' clock , will the men and -women of the ForeBt of Dean assemble in their hundreds to he * r , without the cloak of priestcraft , bypoctisy , or cant , the truth and justice of our principles . - Knowing the value of your space , 1 conclude , thanking ail friends who have assisted me in this contest ; to mighty talkers , who have proved themselves full of ¦ wind and froth , none are required . Truly yonrs , BUFFT BlDLET . April 11 th , 1843 .
≪£O 2$Ea&?R0 Amr ®Ovre&Nomjent&
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« - The following sur from wingate Grange were aoUcei a few weekp . ^ go , a » being ifrom Wingato G » ° |*' for various fandg , according to letter received , we bave recced another letter , stating that the W 0 <>« were landed to go to the Defence Fond . £ * . \ Thjrnley Colliery , per G . B . ... 0 2 * i KWgate Colliery 6 li I \ Do . by ° 6 * . Cradle ^ hy G . Brown 3 l » $ . 'ia . Sinclair , Newcastle . —The mistake could *" be rectified when hia letter came to hand : wa BW not one paper in the office .
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THE TRIALS AT LANCASTER . A half number of the above important trial was published last week , ] in consequence of the impossibility of one person { writing out a fall number in- a week . This will not be wondered at when it is borne in mind that eaoh number contains , of solid matter , about aa much aa sixty columna of a newspaper , which would be ten columns a day for one man to write . j This week , however , a full number of sixty-four
pages will appear , and which we are informed will bring the proceedings down to the end of the fifth day , including the speeches of Mr . Ddndas , Q C . ; Mr . Baines , ty . C . }| and Mr . Serjeant Murpht . The next number will contain , verbatim reports of the speeches of the working men , and will more tfa- ^ n supply their omission in that meagre state in w ' aioh they must have necessarily appeared in a newspaper . When these trials are completed , t ! io work will contain as much aa could be got into six hundred columns of a newspaper , and , therefore * the absolute
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4 THE NORTHERN STAR .
To My Scottish Friends In Leith, Glasgow, Greenock, &O.
TO MY SCOTTISH FRIENDS IN LEITH , GLASGOW , GREENOCK , &o .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 15, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct477/page/4/
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