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EMIGRATION.
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2$anl\rupi& &c.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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EMIGRATION . 1 THERE TO , AND HOW TO PROCEED . -TL 5 OT i TOrB THROrGH A POKTIOX OP CANADA , J > D SETEB 1 L OF THZ STATES OP KOKTH AMERICA , PAKTICCLAHIT THK STATES OF jjAt 5 ACHrSETTS , BHODE ISLASD , SEW TORK , p £ S > STlVAMA , OHIO , MICHIGAN , ILLINOIS , WISCONSI N' A > D > ETF JERSEY , rSDEElAKES V 1 TH A VIEW OF ASCEKTAIXI > G TDK DK-5 IEAEIX 1 TT , OR 0 THERW 3 SE . OF EMIGRATION ; A . ND TO jri > GE OF THE BEST LOCATION , FOR rvGLISH EMIGSAMS , FEOS ACTTaX OBSEBTiTIOS . $ y LAWBEXCE PITKETHLT , cf Huddersfield . _
Coniintud from our last ircck ' s paper . J TorK > -A L . —DESCRIPTION OF CHICAGO , RACTNE , XEVT ET 7 DDERSF 1 ELD , ROCHESTER , TROY , MILWALKEY , A > 'D WALWORTH CGr . NTT . XHU 55 PAT , Sept . 1—3 Ir . John Henry Hodgson , * vj- ; o > i and kind man , who wi'l ever he in my re-. ^ . ji-jr ^ a , se :. t his son vri : h his buegy , this morning , k& rrey me to the land office , -where I learned that mtirhte * in the State of Illinois was still unappro" -e j ; couseqaently open for sa ' e at the government l ripr % t . Ee iDu quarter dollars per acre , Liisd cnld be
^^ c- . i iz various districts . Every day it -was expec ^ mat a survey of seventeen townships , which had j ^ j . t r-rc " . taken would be comrneDced . The officials were exceeding ly polite , and gave me the fullest exi ^ a , . Section sixteen in every township is approy ^ j '^ d to the support of a public school . \] a miht the rain descended in torrents ; to-day the gsnie . iccuTTipauifed -with trtn ^ r . ious peais of thunder , jbc ps *> " tus " : ers" fiiW ~ m aI 1 * Urtctior ; s to obtain theljer ; rs : ^ b ^ a all that could find shelter were under g-x ' e . s' S £ the streets -were crowded -with these people tiieir Citt'e as-3 their Tr . vgon ? , as vet as though they tad h-: ' " rarred tbioujh th * l ~ ie .
I « s irtrodscei to Mr . E ; hraim Treadwell , tanner y . jjjjrt- ^ r , cf SPEAKEB . S Basin , Mentgcmery county , X , v : Y . k ? -i- ^ : to , having travelled over Wisconsin , ^ ji j ••"• -i p-T . ion of Illinois , -was a zost raluable in-{ j ^ -ist , particularly as he had been on the look out fs- * :. i » ErtUr-roent in the Far "West , -where he , and a £ jtri 'fbJ acccraj ^ riied him , sad seen so much fine jjEd tia : Tk * 7 """ere at a loss -where to fix upon-We a ^ Teed to hire a boree and bug « y and travel { VjoKh a considerable extent of country . Judge cf jsj dirapj . 'intiEcc : to £ nd th-t the i > nly vehicle there ciasfc of had bean broken half csaEfc oi
« is a 3 T hiring seme m any caring naa oean orcfien seme taU are here . He informed me that the John Cole I Jjctr r-efjre our application . inqnired for -was an imaginary being ; and that the Ei 3 atsrmsn . a person who keeps a Dry Goods' Store letters aid to be from him were written by a landfcav . iao ; iraveUed into the East , obtained from a a ^ ent , in order to induce emigrants to settle there , and of
t auter , a q ^ i-Uty " paper , " cr " promises to pay , " to tie se ^ ch : cf S 40 . 000 dollars , which he engaged to pu ; is circulation . The tank ti- in - ^ hich he received ^ jr piprf" is at Gal : poli ,- i : has slss a branch at Ci > ci > aTI . Instead of circulating the iotes , as fHiB £ * 3 . be tout a speedy way of quiitin ? them , by fcistsairg off to Gj > "C : > ati . ther e calling at the fccisca hiak . denaaaded " sptcie" for tee " promises . " He returned h ^ re , and boucht " paper" issued tj the Sime bank ct Uitle more than half its nominal Taice . With this , h-.- again went to Cinci > ati . The Govercor of ths Bank at Galipcli having had
inteliipacccf U : e large amount whicfc had been exchanged " jlCrEciriu , " smelied arat ; " and when Mr . Sharman ssid he kid £ si ] ed in the attempt to get the paper " iBis cir . elation , and wished to return it , the G 3 verE '~ r tok ! him he had better keep it a attle longer and maie loeL" citriaL A correspondence between the Governor , fte C := cinati Bint , and Ezra , let out th * . nature of the wfceic traisaction ; ana Ezra was arrested . He , howrrer , t- ^ k the benefit of the Debtcr's Act , cjjd got clear . Id tire nirintim 0 the Governor of the Back was arrested cs £ cr- "e cf fraud , tried , and cuniHr . Ued to the State's jpri-¦ -= loz ibe term of eight years . A complete case of ' Diiiujiid cut disjEond . "
Tee bank ilselt was swept away in the " panic ruin ;" bat isother rose froEi its ashes—a Scotch establishment t m .-r ^; es " Tom Snath and Cc . "' at Montrtal and De ^ oit ; and as " Geo . Smith and Co . " at Chicago . Tbe-r E ; . tcs purport to be , the notes of the " Wisconsin Marine ijid Fire Inecrince Company" > , nota bank : ; and fcy tils evasion of s rositire law prohibiting any bank in the State of Illinois , they circulate an irflTnerise ^ B mi : ty cf paper . I was told there are three companies , all from .
Aberdeen , in Scotland , who have establishments in various States , -, a : d in particular cities ; among others , at New York , St . Lewis , ( nearly 2 , 000 miles distant , Bnfialo , Cxc ' . riti , and Louisville . These paraes have managed t ^ control the monetary affairs of the States of Ohio , Indiana , Michigan , and the territories of "Wisconsin , Iowa , and Missouri ; and they also do extensive business ia otfcei State * , and in Ccnada , Their " insurance " Boies are dated MDiraliey , which is Equated is Witcousin : md circulate-wbere they dare not issue a " procJsc" for a sintle dollar .
A vast amount oi property is bound fast by means of rcch notes . The Marine Assurance Company will not " advance" at less interest than the rats of two peT ee :::. per month , which is twenty-fv . ur yer cent , pa ssirain . Baring the l * te " prosperity and plentifulnesa of Eccey , many parties located themselves on the ia > d , Lrrics the nteans only to pay a portion of the price , xzi trusting to their exertions and the improvements they could tifeet for the means to pay the rest In coarse of tirac , the Government , in their regular course , surveyed the laud ; and the parties en it , not having it in tiseir power to discharge the purchase monty , it was pat up for sale , with all the " improvements "' labour had effected . Unless the funds could be fonnd , tint ahcur would be lost , and the expenders of it , and c ! capital too , would hava to remove . The only parties who could " advance" the fnnda , were the Aberdeen ComiaiT , with tbeii " insurance'' notes ; therefore ,
"Smth and Co . " were applied ta They agreed to " iCTaEce" on certain conditions : those conditions feeing that they should keep twenty-five dollars out of « rery ot ^ hundred ncminally *• advanced ; " i-e . every KTj : ty-f ve dollars " advanced" should be accounted cs hundred . Pretty good " remuneration" this , when * fc rtSct that tfee " advance" was in " paper , " not * afch . intrinsically , tiropence h ^ Jpexr . y 1 Bnt we kave :. it yet Been the whole of this thing . Before one EagVr tloViar was given np , the " nianzgiTS" went t » the Li ^ rt OSc * of the district , and had the -and entered in their tacrf . ' So that they are the actual possessors ot the ten , zni naleas the nomiBal owners , those to bom the " adTaaccs" have been made , find means to rrd-= 3 tb-aisi ' ires , at fuU price oce LnDdred dollars fci ever ; sev- ^ ty-Sve , the land will be sold , with all its aduinujal "' improvements , " and the poor aided ¦?¦ . ctlcts btggared and mined I Such occurrencss are ttC-trE *
1- sid-tion to the rest of their extortion and impot " - k _ , tie •¦ Bank Insurers" charge interest upon tie E ^ uej i . jTascfed , at the full rate . Backing is a glorions tnvde ! It can be followed * itbout a f-aetion of real funds . Most people have fce&M cf the ' ¦ Wild Cat / ' and other banks of Michigan , fr : a -Rtich , what they called money , " was issued , in ^ st nM qasntites , promiscuously , bo one imagining it to be r ^ c-jssary there should be real mon ey to meet tte " pr- ^ rrLsrs . '" This went on fcr a time , in all the fcLess of prosperly . ' But , lo ' . some meddling wighi ¦*^ ii 7-erfcd * ¦ Euspicion . " This whisper increased to a tsTncace , unti : it blew down the whole fabric ! About Si'C'tftsfcse " swindling shops" were dashed to atoms * t ere ; V . l swoop ! Ca the ruin ttu 3 produced the AtcTiietn SijtchHien erected their " Insurance" stan-^ rf , Tthich i « indicative of further deitruction .
TfceT supply " fictitious funds" to those previously applied t-y " the " Wild Cat , " as also to other persons , ^ ne fite of the rici'TKs of this pernicicn 3 system , whev te breath of susDicion again blows upon it , is certain ! ¦ all the fptcif in and out of the Barks of Scotland will « bu * . zi a drop ir . the well to the amount *¦ Messrs . SEia and Cj . " will be called upon to meet ; asd after ka-Kii ^ hundreds of thousands desolate , the swindlers * iil bi deitroyed in the same vortex which swallowed * P theij predecessors . This •¦ Fire and Marine Assurance Company '' have J-rsifr } , or lithographed , across the face oi tfeeir notes fcttithing like te bills of exshasge accepted in Eag" Accepted payable in current Bank Bills , at t * o-* ti a half p ^ q ^^ " Sign- d , " Geo . Smith , President "
The tradesmen cf Chicago have recently held a E ^ trcjj ai which they agreed to pay thref per cent to & = bi-kt-s for taking their own notes and exchanging Ihen r . r Eastern conntry notes : Parties are iccessantly on the watch , like onr jobbers c Stock Exchange At the time of the Wild C *' " sci *> i , eirly intelligence enabled them to riJ ^ Otes to the amount of 20 , 000 de-liars . This afternoon I took leave of all my kind friends ; asd i ^ tcr charging seme of thsm with my commissions , * kas " ' --nt-d on board the Chesapeake st ^ aEtr , bound for * c ? Fiio . my destination being Racise in WiSC 0 >" .-S 15 . oa leaving the pier-head , I went to pay my fare , » ten Mr . Ktlsey . the clerk , with whom I had dined at **• Sptscer ' s while at Buffalo , handed me a free « ket , Md also gave other proofs of the utmost kinds * £ i He had carried my trunk , as before stated , from ¦ Bt ?? Aio to Chjcags , s distance of 1 , C 5 » miies , and Ieftsfcd to accept payment ; be now caused it to be ^* ied forward to Miltfalxey , where it waa left ?^ i a friend , —again refusing remuneration . Such tafcess was more than I had any right to expect . "idat , Ssp . 2 nd . —At three this morniDg , I landed » Eic » E , from t ^ hich plaee Mr . Kelsey had imformed » s a coach started every morniDg for the Weat How-* rei » on enquiry I was told that it had been discan-¦ ssed a short time preTioMly . Thia diaconrtged me J ^ i nuich , as my leg was so tod &s to incapacitate me w > ei wilkicg more than a mile or two with safety . A t « sy- break I enquired if a vehicle conid be hired ; and Io * c'i a psson attaching horses to a spring waggon , Bo heavily laden . He engaged to take me on moderate lenn » - Those I left entirely at his own discretion , and " " = " * ere soon on onr way at a tolerable speed . Ibe EJ ? rsing was very fine , and myself much elated at icy *~ ccess . Raci . ne jg thepker froa whence John Cole , ac Ent-I ? f ^ rJfT - < 3 ated K < nie lett € rs wfc : ch were pablisLtnl in tt ^ "Kki LiTT'i'di . En-d which c » c ?« d a SDnnderabie wabfcT uf emigrants to " co out" ard Bfcttle ia the
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West . Thia ctnaed me to feel additional interest Xr ^ hS * i * ^ Very 8 maU ™* & ^ Iw iS 'x , J" stores - JIhe P- ^ tion is to ^ L ¥ ' , My ^^^ isit , and it being n ^ ly all 1 inthe dark , afforded me but little opportunity for i obeervahon ; and the information derived from othera ia > often very incorrecL
t , v ^ . ^ f 86 " erected ^ P ™ a ba 7 on the shore of i-ate Michigan , aad at the mouth of Root River , from whence much wheat is shipped for the East . The roads aw better than most ovt-r which I have traveled ; and the country is open , with the exception or a vtry small portion . On leaving RaCINE , we soon ? ot Into a most delightful rolling prairie , pretty well ¦ tndded with settlements . The crops seemed goo ± The pasture rich and beautiful , and variegated with nch flowers . After advancing a few miles , I found the Terge charmingly studded with trees upon a surface between mountains and flat I could scarcely reconcile myself to the fact , that this truly grand scene was presented to the human eye without human contrivance and human industry . The journey was equally pleasing throughout during my morniDg ' s ride . ISo hills nor plains ; bnt a gently rolling surface on every hand .
I had poiiited out to me some sand-hill Cranes They seemed to feed on the verdure of the fields Th * y are a very large bird , with a long neck . When they stand upright , and have the neck stretched , they are at least five feet in height They are ot a dark colour , and in shape resemble the heron . They are very plentiful and gather in flocks , and are very savoury to the tasto . We breakfasted at St . Irrs . a distance of nine miles from Ricine . We stopped at a small inn . After breakfast , I was sorry to find my driver refuse to proceed , zs he expected rain , which wonld icjure his load ; and he also stated that if the weather did not clear np , he should stay all night . I had no alternative but W tske up my light baggage , and commence my march . At this place 1 could obtain no information respecting John Cole , the author of the letters above referred to , although I knew his abode must be near ; Racine beir . g a county , and this place in it
I called at a settlement where I obtained some little information ; bnt a waggon approaching , 1 availed mysel ? of the conveyance , and mounted the top . From the driver I conid not elicit the Itast information . He seemed annoyed by my enquiries ; and complained of having too heavy a load . The waggon had only proceeded a short distance , when it halted , and I was soon asked to take dinner , although I had scarcely swallowed my breakfast . After the horses had been taktu from the waggon , I entered into conversation with the landlord of the pulOk-bonse , a farmer , as they gent-rally
thus enhance the value of the ) and be possessed . I had been informed previously that a certain land-agent had written the letters in question ; one by , and the other without , the consent of Mr . COLE . I knew that Joil > " Cole kad , in reality , settled in that district , and that " mice host" was attempting ; o mislead me . While conversing with tbe innkeeper , 1 was surprised to hear my name cailed out in a stentorian voice , particularly as 1 was now some 1700 miles from Boston , where I first landed . I looked towards the spot from whence the voice proceeded , when I descried Joe Cockroft and William Whiteley , lately of Huddursfield , ar . d my neighbours . They hastened towards me , and after a hearty salutation and mutual expression of astonishment , they informed me that they were on
their way to Racine , where Mr . Wbiteley ' s family had just arrived . Mr . Cockroft has been here for some time , and has , ia connection with his brother , purchased some land and built a bouse upon it He was accr .-npanyiEjf Whiteley , who is his brother-in-law , to Racine ; and he desired me to go to his house and swait his return . 1 a ^ ain walked on and made enquiry after several persons whom I knew had come into the district , ar-d taken up their abode , and I was pleased to heat of their well-doing . Among other matters , I found that John Cole had been compelled to leave the district throush bodi ' . y feai of those emigrants , who , fruin the
glowing accounts given of the country m his name , had bs + n induced te come ; and then , on finding themselves disappointed , had threatened to take away hi * life . Many were induced to emigrate in consequence cf tbe publication of the letters ia question , fully expecting that a paradise was prepared for them . TLey appear to hava foolishly imagined they were to enter upen a state of ptrfect bliss without a ; j effort of thtii own . Finding that their dreams were cot realiz . d , and that industry and proper arrangement were absolutely necessary to produce the meats of comfort and independence , they becume turbulent and threatening . From the information 1 obtained , it seemed certain that Air . Cole's life was in great jeopardy .
Tne picture of tte " West" given m Cole's name teas ctrtainiy too hi : jh ' y co ' ou : ed , I was told that the farmers here would not cnltivate the land in the State of Xc » York , even if thiy had it given . They have excellent crops . But the land on the Rock river is decidedly the best . It has been kr . own to yield sixty buihtls of wheat , and seventy bushels of oats , on thu acre- The average , however , is from thirty to forty bushels . Swedish and other turnips grow to an enormous siza . While I was prosecuting my inquiries , the wapgon which I had left at the Inn arain came up , and by it 1 proceeded to tbe point nearest to New Hudilersfield , cr , as it is often called , tbe Hvdbersfield Colony . Leavine the '"aeeoa , I again walked on . Before I
reached the fi-st wooden shanty or hut , I was thoroughly drenched in rain . I found this but inhabited by a family lately from Edinburgh , whose dangbter , a fine young woman , was in tie act of emptying the crop of a " prairie-hen , " which was staffed with tuck-wheat A person named Morton , who had lately left the en .-ploy of my next door neighbour , at home , and a young man from the same neighbourhood , were also in the bonse , and had with them a large qaantity of pigeons which they had been shooting . 1 was most heartily welcomed by them , and accompanied to another house , where I met CSorles and Joseph Cockroft ' s family , Abraham K iy , and his son John ; two persons of the name of Tinker , with Scctt , Woodhead , and
Berry , from Bcr > y Brow ; a ' . so William Mitchell and son , from Lockwood ; there were also persons naiaed Watts . Armytage . Earnshaw , Scholefield , Bottomley , and Hobson ; with Star key and Noble , from Riistrick . All tbfse parties were from the immediate neiehbonrhood of HuddersSeld in Yorkshire ; and many of them personal friends of my own , before they Itfc their " fathenand . " They were both surprised and delighted to ss-e me ; and the requests that I would prols-ng my stay , and remain -with them , some tirce , were very urgent and pressing . My arrangements , however , were made ; and to " go a-heao ' was my motto . I did so far break through them , as to ren ; a ; D in tbe Colony all night , instead of goiug on to Rochester , as I bad intended .
J -svao most slad to see my late neighbours located ca so fine a soil , and in such nn healthy situation . Th-y were all in ex ^ Jlent spirits ; and although not enjoying tunny conif-ns , yet , like true philosophers , thty seemed to be happy under the most rational ^ hopss . Saturday , 3 rd . —I was up at day-break , and Charles Cociroft siiciaJed me one of the horses and accompanied me to Rochester . It bad been arranged that if 1 coal 1 obtain conveyance at Rochester , C ^ ckroft w ^ s to take back the horse : if not I was to take it on to Jjhn FJitcroffs a ^ d C . Tinker ' s , about twelve miles further . No conveyance c&nld be had on hire at Rochester , ami I therefore took Charles ' s horse forward . While at Rochester , which is little more than two miles from
the colony , I visited another of my old neighbours , Mr . William Crowther , late of Lockwood . At this village , which consists cf very few houses , 1 crossed the Fox river and taking leave of Cockroft and other fnenris , w « rtt on towards Tkot , a township in Walworth , s " . oie county . I had proceeded about teD miks wfeen 1 met C . Tinker , late cf Huddenfield , and another Perscn , in a waggon . OI course , mutual snrprise was expi eased ; anJ at my rvquett Tinker returned with me , leaving his coirpani-n to proceed to tbe mill to where they were gi-ing toz flonr . Ou reacb ' og the house of Mr . James Mather , we met John Fiitcri / ir , late of Huddersfield , when breakfast was soon prepared for ns .
It vras rather a novel one , there being no brtad in the house , the fl . mr being finished . However , my fourteen mL ' es ride made it very palatable . Tinker , F . itcroft , and myself were soon on our way to EiST TiiuY , the village of the township , where I expected to find & Bfc . ge " coach for the west , or obtain a buggy to convey me to Fort Atkinson , where I intr \ d--l t > Visit Mr . Brows , a farmer cf that pis :., In-. e -is no coach ; but the Iandioid i .-f the Inn toM u : t he jxpect « d the return uf his hoio-j anJ l-u ? ey every n-in-ate , and I sb ; . u ' . d have it I waited impatiently for two or three hours , but tte horse and vehicle did Eotmake their appearance ; after dinner , however , : hey arrived ; but , the former being dune up , 1 could not have it . yet I might have the latter . I immediately went round the village for the purpose of firing a horse ; but could not ofetaifl one at any price . Some persons from the neighbourhood were at the inn with gigs ; to them I made application , and otherB were so kind as to interest themselves ob behalf of the traveller ; they were very polite , bnt every one seemed to have a good reason why 1 could not have his horse Finding our labour in -rain , my friends aud myself moved off to West Tsot , a distance of two miles , but met with no better saoceaa there . Night appreaching , and being much disappointed , I should have ventured to take Charles Cockreft ' s horse onward to tbe Rock River , had BOi his son fetched it back dorintr the day . My lameness forbade , or I should have speedily and cheerfully used my limbs . I may here obserre , thai before I reached my Huddeesfield friends , I met with a Mr . Emmerson , at a pnMic-hcnse . He appeared to be the landlord . I was informed he bad been imposing upon a Mr . Tucker , friiir . London , who , it is ur-dtrs ' . oed h ^ -d been appointed by a cempany to select land . I endeavoured to soe Mr . Tucker , but he was from home . I also met a mason from Wnir ' n ^ ton , in Lancashire , wbo had just purchased a farm . He told n >< - ' I should nevtr 1-ave the country ; ' r-tfciiiug I ! hciiiJ not desire f > retcrn ta E paDd . I ! is" i ^ et witL Mrs . Thompson , then Mr . Sfcjneb . ma , m a bsi , . Mr . Wilkinson , who tri been a dairj-inan ^ t , and hfiti lately arrived from , E inburxh .
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Sunday , Sep . 4 th . —Being compelled to remain all night at East Trot , I this morning walked to Mr . James Mather's , to dinner , a distance of three miles I found Tinker busily engaged grinding a hatchet for the purpose of cutting down timber , which he intended to commence to do to-morrow , and wherewith to build his wooden cot . On my way from tbe village to Mr . Slather ' s , I missed my path , and had some difficulty to find the place . Tae walk was truly beautiful and romantic ; the ground rolling and richly interspersed with timber ; the cattle grazing remote from the dwellings . I crossed a beautiful prairie , as smooth as the surface of the lake in a
calm , the banks rising gently as from a sheet of water , i the trees being in such positions as to make it appear ; like the domain of a Jioblem . in , in the recesses of a j forest It is truly a rich district , particularly on the
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homers of the creeks . After dinner , Flitcroft , Tinker , and myself , walked to Mr . John Mather's , about a mile distant , where we had the pleasure of meeting tbe mother of the two brothers , a vny homely , hospitable lady , of the genuine Lancashire breed , possess ed of much native vivacity , and apparently enjoying perfect happiness with her family , without a wish to return to England . After a short stay tre proceeded to Troy , where I made arran ^ meDts to depart for Milwalkty next morning . This evening I met with a very intelligent gentleman from Vinehal-point , Iowa county , a miniog district , bordering on Illinois , on the West of Wisconsin . He gave me much general information . Among other matters , he told me there were large tracts of the richest land in the caunty in which he resides ; also in the county of Jefferson , antl not a little which is washed by the Mississippi . He expressed his warm admiration of a district ext-ndina forty miles
north-east of Galena and Portly , in Rock Kive Valley , abounding with springs of excellent water . He said that a great portion of tbe land was yet unappropriated , and that the wood waa deficient in quantity . He admitted that some of the land bordering on the Rock River was superior to tbe be < t to the westward in the districts he bad named , a further pto < -f of iuterestid statements . At Troy a Rev . Gentleman staid at the same Ina , and slept in the same room -with me . He this evening , after b ' u cinVial ifuties , was very coiiiniunicative , and his information was quite original . Hp spoke highly of tbe situation north of Milwalfccy county , on the banks of Lake Michigan , and more especially in Dodge county . Tbere , he said , tbo land , in some instances , could be bought of speculators at less than the government price , ( no great recommendation in luy opinion . ) He considered it advantageous on account of water communication . No minerals had been found ; the springs of water were of the best de ? cription , and very plentiful .
Here again I was told that John Cole bad t'j remove from Racine , inconsequence of the threats of persocs who had gone tLc-re through the publication of the letters attributed to him , wkich , as beforo stated , appeared ia the Dispalch . Mr . James M&thcr iuformed me that the land in Wa ! worth county is acknowledged to be as good : is any in the territory . He also sail that a Djctor Lomas had COO seres of good land , nine miles to the eaBt of bis i Mr . M " s ) farm , and is wishful to dispose of it . Tbe Doctor resiiies at Milwalky . The * oiJ in R . cine county isgeneraJJy black , which is not the richest , nor well adapted for the growth of wheat
Toe Rock Prairie is splendid , but without wood . Janeville is situated upon it , to tbe west of this place ; Eagle and Round Prairie being betwixt the two . They have all an exceedingly rich soil . Tiie intermediate ground * , which are located , are designated " the oak openings . " A kind of spting-yan passes through East and West Troy , from Milwalkey , twice a week , to Janeville , Galena and other tjvrns . It passes westward on toe Monday . My engagements preventing me from remaining longer ; I therefore arranged with a Mr . Porter , of this p : ace , to convey n . e , in a somewhat similar vehicle , to Milts alrey , from whence I had fixed to sail by the steamer which would piss that place , on its way from Chicago to Buffalo , on tbe Tuesday mntning . The mail , of course , would have been too late .
Monday , 5 th . —I breakfasted very early with some friends who had staid with me over-night , and after an affectionate farewell , drove off for Milxvalkey . As we joumicd along , Mr . Porter informed me that he possessed some property in this territory , on tbe borders of the State of Illiccis , on which there was excellent water power , which property he was willing to dispose of . But the fact is , parties here are willing to sell all they possess , if they can but make money by it This man was a r < al specimen of tbe Yankee farmer , plain , industrious , and quite democratic , or ratbur republican in principle- Not stiffened with religion , and constantly watching for advantage ; having bo preten- sioos to superiority , but as independent as any being i upon earth , aud possessing more dignity than a majority of our aristocracy . Rtady to perform every useful specitJ of industry , and not less ready to fly to the post of duty on any attempt being made to invade the political rkhU of the mois .
In this county ( Walworth ) I found the average crop of wbiat to be fifteen bushels to the acre ; but as much as forty bushels have been raised . In some parts tbe soil is composed of a light green learn ; but in general it is e lightish grey and brown loam . Wheat is CTovru on such land , but the black high and dry land is tbe best for tbat description ot crop . With three or four years' cultivation , it is stated th ; it a great portion of Waltvorth eooi . ty would be rrmde to produce forty bushels of wheat per acre . Tbis I doubt . I am informed there is a community formed in PensyJvania , on the borders ot Wayne county , wbo bare purchased 36 , 006 acres of land ; and after labouring three years for food and clothing , each family have allotted to them 60 acres ; tbis they manage and cu . tivate , and the profits are divided every six months .
On my tour tbns far—and it ms extended from Boston over a portion of Massachusetts , Rhode Island , through and across a lsrce portion of tbe State of New York ., a little of Pennsylvania . Ohio , Canada , through Michigan , part of Illinois , and this territory of Wisconsin—I am unaware of having seen one equarb yard of spude culture , with the exception of a small garden to the west of Jackson , iu Michigan , which 1 imagined to be tkus cultivated from its order and superior appearance . The plough seems to be tbe only implement applied for turning over the surface of the soil . By its means a furrow is
formed from sixteen to twenty-two inches in width ; the plough being drawn by two , foar , sir , or eight cxe : i , as the C 3 « e may require . Then follows another implement drawn by as many cattle . Thia implement , formed ot two beams , whicb , joining at the points , spread a . right angks , having a row of large iron spikes in each , is used for breaking the soil . It is employed both for field and garden culture . Even tbe gardens , at the ends where the horses ( or oxi-ni and the implements turn , are left waste , the corners are rounded and covered with weeds , not unfrequentJy with slumps and roots of trees .
East Troy is a pleasant village . It is eighteen miles from Whitewater , twenty-tight from Fort Atkinson , thirty-three from Ja ^ etille , sixteen from RocHKSTER , thirty-eight from Heloit , eighteen from Delevas , thirty-two from SoutuI'ORT , thirty-two from RaC ? N 2 , and thirty-two fmni Mjlvvalkey . Eighteen months a « o it had no existence . Now it possesses 130 inhabitants . As we journeyed to Milwalket , I found the country flat and undulating ; acd I felt surprised to find a number of log huts deserted and some broken down .
The roads were in very bad condition , having no form , bnt merely tracked , excepting where we crossed the creeks and morasses , and then we had Yankee , or Corduroy , bridges . Sometimes we werj impeded by rocks or large stones , then a flit , then a precipice , with pits , stumps of trees , thick foliage , and brushwood . The most astonishing of all ia that the horses surmount every difficulty without a stumble and with great rapidity . We passed a small village , called Macwanigo , about ten milts from Troy . Though tbe village is small it is
very handsome . The silo is lamed ; it being formerly oni' of the principal places where the Indians met and held their conferences . At present , uone cf tho race are in this district of the country , a considerable portion of which is now cleared and cultivated , but by no means in tbe manner it oojjbt to ba Tbe land being so ch « ip is often an isjnry to the holder , who in bis anxiety to carry out improvements is frequently induced to cultivate to a greater extent than he is capable of doing justice to ; and I feel assured that with proper management one half of tbe land nii ^ ht be made to produce a larger quantity of grain and of a superior quality .
The road also , to tbe extent of thirty miles , might be greatly improved in tbe space of one week , by tLe employment of men thereon , to level the rocks aud fill up the deep ruts , both of which are very dangerous In the night . The immense number of stumps might also be removed , and tbe serpentino course of horse and vehicle be avoided . ( To be continued . )
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HARMONY HALL . LETTER XI . TO THK EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —I have now to point out the kind of authority or power to be vested in the President and Counoil oi the Society which I have proposed should be formed foi the purpose of removing the evils under which all classes of aociety are suffering . As I have stated in my former letters , tbe organize tion of the Society can never be effectual for its purpose , unless it shall be placed under tbe superintendence of a single mind . Tbe President of the Society will , therefore , to meet the emergency in which we are placed , be vested with the unlimited and ( as weak words alter botntng , and strong ones will be more likely tp excite attention and Investigation ) , I would say arbitrary and despotic authority .
I place this assertion thus strongly before you in consequence of youv correspondent Gracchus , in his review or my rormer letters , having stated that we have a fundamental principle necessary to the maintenance of order , in any community or nation , that is , the democratic principle , or government by the people either personaiiy or by representation . I contend tbat there is nothing contrary to this principle in what I have laid down , and whether it be called despotic , democratic , al ' tored ^ other aaroe , the thing iteelf is net thereby
The bisis of tbe movement must be , the knowledge tnat we are in a position to require Brm , united , decided , and vigorous action , and that tbis action cannot be obtained unless full confld 9 ncti be- placed in those who are to lead it . The times evidently indicate that great and overwhelming changes are nt band . If we look to Ireland , we may observe that tbe question of the repeal of the union , one which can only affect tbe feelings and prejudices of the people , is creating and exciting a po- ^ er which the Government sca rcely knows how to deal with . Open defiance is being given to the authorities which now govern tbis country , and the privilege of martyrdom is bung eagerly sought for in high places . The Catholic Bishop of Ardagh hun declared " that he has every reason to believe , indeed he knows that every Catholic Bjsbop in Ireland , without an exception , is an ardent repeakr . " I for one , " he declares , " defy all the ministers of England to put down the repeal agitation in the diocese cf Ardach . I am but an humble
man ; 1 am nothing . I not only belong to the people , but I am proud to say , 1 belong to the very humblest class of the people . I do speak it with pride , for to no aristocrat e > n the tarth do 1 owe anything save th « unbounded contempt that I have for the whole class . Let thd Government biing us to the scaffold , if it dare . In djing for our country we eball bequeath eur wrongs to our successors , aad our cause to the people . " To what can we attribute the power which the Repeal Association has obtained but to the concentrative tnerey of Mr . O'Conneli ' a mind being easily distributed through every portion of its proceedings . Supposing that he had to debate , discuss , and explain every proposition he had to make , or even tbat he had to work with a council , any niugle member of which may be disposed to thwart him , couXd any one believe that be wonld then be enabled to rouse the spirit which he now excites ? On tho contrary , tbere would be nothing but dissatisfjction and weakness .
Let us take thu contrast between the agitation for tbe Repeal and that for the People ' s Charter . Many minds , individually as powerful aa Mr . O'Connell ' s , have been engnged in prosecuting the latter ; and the objects sought to be obtained are certainly far more attractive and valuable ; yet by the adopting what your correspondent , Gracchus , would designate as the democratic principle , we may observe Ibe different rate of progress of the one ftom the other . I would give to the society , in any manner it may deem proper , the election of the Central President ; but
this being done , I would allow him , in order to preserve entire tho unity of his own raind , to select the persons who were to bo associated with him as a council , and to change them as often a 3 he found tho body imperfect . And with regard to the number of which the Council should be formed , it should bo entirely at the option of the President No other person could possibly know the requirements of the cane ; and the magnitude of tbe business to be performed will demand tbat tbe emallebt possible amount of agitation should exist in the President ' s mind .
Those who read these letters must bear in mind that I am speaking of the acquiring of no partial or ordinary objects . The universal happiness of man is the subject to be taken in band by the Society I propose to establish ; and there can be no fear but the publicity of tbe transactions will prevent any improper proceeding taking place : and if we commence at the highest point < f intelligence aud experience that can be obtained , we may easily radiato from tbis point to any extent that circumstances may require . The Ceetral Society wii ! , as stated In a previous letter , have numerous bianches attached to it ; and these branches should , in like manner , elect a president , who should , for nil local purposes , be invested with a
similar power to that of the Central President , but should always act under the sanction of , and in accordance with , the decision of the latter , and be removable if found in any manner obstructive . To prevent tbe alienation or improper use of the funds that may be raised , general and local treasurers and auditors should be appointed , and these officers should be elected by the general or local members , independent of any interference by the President . Congregational meeting ! should b « held as often as they may be required of the various Presidents of the Society , where tbe most free inquiry and examination should be entered into , but no voting should tike place on any subject , everything being offered as counsel or suggestion to tbe Centra ] President .
By adop' ing this mode of debate , the spirit of the principles on whicb tbe society is to be founded may easily be preserved , and it will thereby advance its objects in a rapid manner ; but if election of the members of Congress , ' and voting on its affairs be allowed , it will be coHiposed generally of the most unfit , because tbo most talkative , self-conceited , and speech-loving individuals tbat can be found . Tbe Presidents , whether central or local , should be removable whenever it may bo deemed necessary by a majority of those wbo have to elect them , and proper regulations to effect this object should be made ia the constitution and laws . Tbe spirit of the letter of your correspondent Gracchus has given me much pleasure , and there are two other points in it to whicb I must here refer .
1 st . With regard to wbo should be the President On this , as on nny other subject I write , I desire your readers distinctly to understand tbat I adopt , at tbe rnost , nothing beyond the suggestive style . Having simply tbo universal object btfuro me , I shall bs glad to see it accomplished in any manner tbat may be practicable ; and with regard either to tbe organisation required , the manner is which it shall be formed , or the person who shall be at its bead , I shall be glad to see the opinions ef as many persons as can write on the subject , in a calm and deliberative manner . Thi : society ; if rightly formed , may contain within its folds every friend of humanity ; and if a proper Central President be chosen , ( and no other could long retain bis position , ) be will undoubtedly take care to have cordially acting with him the leading minds of all classes , sects , and parties , in the manner in which their faculties caa be best employed .
2 nd . With regard to Mr . Owen ' s preliminary Charter , your correspondent states tbat the agitation that would carry it would carry the more important measure of political rights . 1 would here desire him to consider again the relative importance ef the two documents , and tbe amount of opposition likely to be offered to either . It is not my intention to disparage what has hitherto been termed the People ' s Charter , but I think it extremely difficult of attainment , and even it it could be obtained , it can only luy tbe foundation of a ropre 8 entation to be elected by a body of people who have been hitherto uninstiucted with respect to what will the most readily promote their interests .
I am highly gratified with the tone in which Gracbus speaks of Mr . Owen , and this , not from any individual or personal cause , but as an indication of the progress that is being made in the public mind With regard to liberal and enlightened sentiments . 1 trust that he will not fail again to express any difference of opinion he may entertain respecting any subject I am treating of ; and I think I cannot better conclude this letter than by taking the spirit and almost the words of his last paragraph . Hoping tbat I shall be enabled , in the course of these letters , to inspire my readers vs ith a firm faith in themselves , as the only power of
emancipation from tbe present and increasing misery , a strong hope in tho meais of deliverance that will be placed before tbe' -n , and a fult measure of cbarity for the differences of views and opinions which every one is of necessity compelled ti entertain ; as with these there can be no reasonable doubt tbat we shall speedily gain the olject that ail are seeking—universal happiness , l I am , Sir , I Your obedient Servant , William Galpin . Harmony Hal , near Stockbridge , Hants , May 21 st , 1843 .
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us , and tbe few tbere are , if the ; divided their whole substance between us , it would scarce be a sparrow ' s bait for each , whilst it wonld make them poorer than us , and deserved waiters on oar charity ; therefore tbe utmost stretch of individual charity would only make the rich among as beggars , and the poor in the end more wretched . But though individually we can do but little to relieve tbe wants of our fellows , yet unitedly we can relieve all our wants and make all rich by a union of our minds and eur pence , in a well arranged National Benefit Society , with a proper direction of the funds , to the useful employment of the members as far as possible . In the coining of wealth
from the land or other raw materials we should soon place ourselves in a prosperous condition , relieve the labour market , by draining off the surplus hands , and maintain a fair rate of wages by regulating the supply to suit the demand . Chartists , such a society as this once started upon a firm basis , with good substantial trustees , honest active officers , ( of which there are many tried men in our ranks ) and the trades would see it so much to their interest to join , that I fully expect they would come in under the graduated scale , for which I b ; ive long since determined on preparing extra provisions , under the head of trades department . But it will be time enough when the society is started to publish my views on that subject
Who i 3 there having any pretensions to cbarity or humanity , could look calmly on , and see thousands go down in bitterness to their early graves , and not seek to stay tbis plague of poverty when tbe moans are laid within their united exertiwne ; and , who cau say , withont giving it a trial , that such a national benefit society would not contain the means ? Who is tbere that calling to mind tbe trials and troubles , poverty and destitution , even in our ranks , cenld say such a society is not the most needed at the present moment ? Who can deny tbat such a society would aid the people in their struggle for the Charter , by making them more comfortable and independent of their employers ? Who ia thure tbat would not think such a society a great auxiliary to our National Charter Association , drawing many
more to us ; many who are now deterred by the foar of loss of their employment—their daily bread ; and enable many of our good and true members to wear the name « f Cbartist more boldly , who are now obliged by prejudiced employers to be too tame ; and if it would do ull these things , or a small part of them , how shall we excuse ourselves if we r * main longer without such an auxiliary ? Do ye not know that the early Chistians had some such a plan , though not so efficient , because not calculated to endure , seeing tbat it was supported by tbe rich , disposing of their goods and dividing among all as they needed , without any apparent preparation for the future ; but tLe plan in tbe course of these letters recommended , provides for present assistance , with increasing benefits for the future , and the ultimate independence of all .
That some men professing to be Chartists will say , this will lead the people from tbe Charter , and othe s may cry out Socialism , I exp-ct , indeed anticipateto eachniy reply is , I much doubt whether you possess either faith , hope , or charity . The faith I have taugbt is faith in yourselves . Have such opponents faith in themselves ? Do they believe that the bettering their present condition would iadnce them to forsake tbe Charter agitation ? If they think it would not , how dare they assume that others , tboir fellows , would be induced , by the benefits arising * rom the propos-d additional operations , to forsake ih ) cause , for which so many of them have suifered already so much privation .
Where is their charity if they oppose with their fears , plans tbat in operation will produce such immense benefits to the Chartist party a » d the woi king class generally ? Have we not struggled hard for five years , and been met by crusade upon crusade , at a great < xpense to us of men and wealth , duiing which time hath not poverty increased upon us , and is it not still increasing ? Hava not thousands of operatives been engulfed in appalling misery , and brought to the eve of a physical revolution by their cruel task masters ? Has not their blood reddened the streets , and have not the tribunals sacrificed them as tbe scape-goats of the miliocrats ? and shall we with these facts fresh on our memory , be content to tread tbe " same ground again , and again , " or shall we not rather take to ourselves such extensive operations tbat will strengthen our position , and render the achievement of a triumphant victory over factious misrule certain '
Brothers , the shoals of our starving countrymen that we havo cast on the shores of the New World hath overstretched all her large towns with workmen of every class ; hath rapidly reduced the price of labour there , and rendered lier large towns almost as wretched as our own . This is calculated to render our name hateful to the Americans , and ourselves stigmatised as vagabonds , become a byu-word in the earth . These things cry aloud for a remedy , and for tbe honour of England , and the English name—for the happiness of her people , ourselves , and fellows—let us , by all tho means at our command , seek to remedy these grievous evils .
If the poverty snd wretchedness of the sons of toil is such as I have briefly set forth , ( and who can deny it ?) we are bound to grapple with the widespreading evil . That it is an effect is no reason for leaving it to run riot with our order , when it is the every-day occupation of the working man to struggle with this effect , and yet in the end siuk nnd « r it . All who are yet without its pale , or have sufficient power left , should unite to crush tbis monster effect , ami thereby clear the road to freedom . The queation is not whether we shall get the
Charter , or get f < jod and raiment , but whether the CUart : st camp shall , by some extra exertions , feed and clothe themselves , to enable * them tbe better to flpbt the battle for political rigbts , or whether they shall leave themselves still open to tbe attacks of poverty and the royal troops , black and red . Our Washington says , provision the army well—our Watchman says , provision the camp , and the humble scribe echoes , as every true Jobn Bull would , provision the army ; and in doing this , by one grand National Benefit Society , make ourselves an army , worthy of Runnyraead , able to tnfee our Magna Charta . Your ' 8 , in truth , Qracchvs .
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THE REPEAL OF THE UNION . —THE IRISH ARMS BILL . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . SIR , —I have received , during the last fortnight , letters from my friends in Manchester . Salford , Oldham , Bolton , Huddersfield , Dewsbury , Nottingham , D ; -rby , Birmingham , Bath , Bristol , London , Devises , P . ; izance , Devon , Stroml , Carlisle , Leith , GIa ? £ ow , Ayr , and several other places , requesting my op i nion regarding the present agitation of the Repeal of the Union , and to say whether I believe Mr . O'Connell to be the sincere advocate of that measure , and whether he would attain place it in aboyance in the
event of the WhigB , his friends , coming into power ; and also my advice as to the best mode of preventing the Irish Arms Bill from becoming law . Now as my time is altogether occupied in my business nt this season of the year , and as I really could not afford the time to give to each of my respected correspondents a written answer , I hope that they will be sat ' sfied with this general reply to their queries through the medium of the Northern Star , and that you . with your ueml courtesy , will nff > rd me the opportunity of giving my bumble opinion and advice to my kind friends , through the columns of your paper .
With regard to tbe Irish Arms Bill , my opinion is , that should it become law in Ireland it will soon be extended to England ; and tbat tbe disarming of the Irish will be but a prelude to the disarming of the English . The experiment will be tried in Ireland , and if successful here vri ' . l moat assuredly be put into operation in England . My advice , therefore , is to petition Parliament against tbe Irish Arms Bill ; to call upon your representatives not only to oppose it in every stage , buc to bring in a Bill to compel every rualo inhabitant in Gr . at Britain and Ireland , from the age of sixteen to sixty , to provide themselves with good arcia , according to their station in society and means , in order that they may be ready at all times to deft nd their sovereign and their country against tbe common enemy .
Tbere is a clause in the Irish Coercion Act , " the modified Ceercion Act , " as it is called , aB bad as any clause in the contemplated Irish Arm s B ! l . This Coercion Act was introduced fey Lord Morpeth . Mr . Crawford opposed it in every stage . Mr . O'Connell voted for it , on tho plea of its being necessary to put down agrarian disturbance in Ireland . Mr . Smith O'Brien moved that its continnance Bhou ' td be to limited to two years . Mr . O'Conaell opposed the motion , and movedjiiat it should continue for five years , which was carried .
At that time the Repeal of the Union was in abeyance , and the Whigs were giving places to the Irish Repoalera ( M . P . ' s ) and their followers . The Repealers were actually turned cut of the Great Rooms of the Corn Exchange , on the . motion of Mr . J . J . Murphy , an attorney , which motion was duly advertised Ui the newspapers , and which is now before ma There was not a petition against tbis Coercion Act from Iceland bat one , nnd that ono was from myself alone , while thousands were poured in against it by English haters of tyranny , and lovers of liberty .
At a meeting of the National Trades Political Union held at the Corn Exchange , on the 18 th of August , 1835 , Mr . John O'Brien in the chair , Mr . J . M . Ray , secretary , a petition against this Coarcion Act waa moved by Mr . James Whittle , and seconded by Mr . O'Higgins , and adopted by the meeting , and signed by the Chairman and the Secretary oa behalf of the meeting , the latter undertaking to put it ia the post office that nigkt , as there was no time to be lost . However , after tbe meeting broke np Mr . O'Brien , the Chairman , and Mr . Kay ( " dear Riy" | , the Secretary , recollected that Mr , O'Connell had supported the Bill
in the Honse of Commons tit was then in the Lords ) , and tbat it wa 3 the Irish Secretary , Lord Morpetb , tbe beloved , who be t introduced it m the House of Commons , not only did not drop it in tbe post offioe , but actually cud their names from the bit torn , of it , on the grounds tbat coercion and disarming tbe Irish Repealers were acta of grace and juries towards the people , otherwise Lord Morpeth would not have , brought it in , nor woulU ivlr . O'Connell have supported it . ilr . Crawford was iiuuounced as a Tory for having opposed it , and Mr . O Connell made a present of him to the Tories on tbe occasion , and I bad tbe high honour of having
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been accused and publicly denounced , by Marcus Costello , now Whig Attorney-General , of Gibraltar ; Thomae Reynolds , now Whig-Marshal of Dublin ; H . C . Donovan , now Whig-Clerk of the pipe ; Tom Arkins , now Whig sword-bearer to the Corporation ! Edward Brenan , now Whig collector of poor-rates ; Joha O'Brien , now Whig ward-officer ; and by " dear Ray , " of the atrocious crime , to use their own words upon the occasion , of an insidious and mischievous proceeding , cal * dilated and intended to involve the tra
a fool , and tbafc experience teaches me to believe thoroughly , without any manner of doubt , that tbe same party will attempt to play the sam e game again , the moment the opportunity of doing so presents itself , that Chartists , Radicals , and Repealers will again be denounced by the present Rspeal leaders ; that the Repeal will again be put in abeyance under the pretencn of giving the Whigs a fair trial ; tbat he who talks about Repeal will be denounced as an enemy in tbe pay of tfce Tories , whose object is to embroil Mr . O'Connell and the Liberal Government in a quarrel upon the Repeal question . This was done before , and will be done again . Honest men were hunted down like wild beasts by place-hunting Repealers . A fresh brood is now ready to hunt them , when tbe proper
time arrives . You have asked we for my opinion of Mr . O'Connell ' s sincerity , and my advice as to how you are to act ; and you speak out like boEesfc men , by declaring for Repeal and against coercion . Toia is just what I expected . It is the very course 1 knew you would take . I maintained that you would do 80 at all times , and against all coercion . This ia just what I expected . I maiatained that you wou ! 4 do so , at all times , and against all your calumniators , whether of high or low decree . I knew full well that the British Chartists were the real , tbe true , the uncompromising friends of Ireland , and the Irish . I knew your hatred of oppression and love of liberty , civil and religious : and now you are proving that I did you but common justice , while I opposed such of my countrymen aa traduce ? , vilified , and misrepresented you .
I shall give you my opinion honestly , candidly , ^ nd fearlessly—and that opinion is , that / do not believe that Mr . O Cornell is wjitating the Repeal honestly or sincerely or with the intention of ever bringing the utjilulioa to a successful issue ; but on the contrary , / do believe from the I bottom of my soul , that the ayitation , as far as he is con-] cerned , and he is the head , and front , and body , and soul ' of it is insincere and hypocritical ; and that the object of I the agitation is not with the view to Repeal the Union ; but in the hope of forcing the Tory Government to pass coercion I laws . ' Irish Arms Bills . ' and the like , to put down the I Repeal Agitation in Ireland , the And Con : Law uyita-1 tion , and the Chartist agitation in Enpl ^ nd . which ads of i tyranny would have the effect of bringing out the Whig Lord Charlemont , as a fu : ious putriut once more in
Ireland ; Lord Kidnor , Lord Brougham , or some other Whig Lords in England : tbat incendiary fires wou ' . d follow , the cons-equence of which wcuid fce tbat the Queen would dissolve Parliament , and that the Whigs wpuld again be carried into power on the backs of the people who would be left in the lurch , as heretofore ; nnd that the Irish Repeal agitators would get Whig places , and become the tyrants and oppressors of their de ' uded dupes . That is the end and object of the present R'peil agitation . I am convinced , and bear in mind , that whenever you seo Lord Charlemont aud some othera of minor note , coming forward as patriots at public meetings in Ireland , the wind will then bave changed . It will be blowing from some Whig point Having
I given you my opinion , I shall now give you my advice ; I and ingoing so , Bir , I beg of you to bear in mind that j . all the pains tbat man conid tafce has been taken i by Mr . O'Connell to excite hatred aad animosity against you in the minds of his countrymen since i Jdnuary 1835 . He has represented you as tbe aiders i and abettors of those who called the Irish priests—the 1 Catholic priests " surpliced rufiima "—while he knew 1 that a more unfounded calumny eould not be uttered . I Well , tbe time has now arrived for vou U ) prove to the | world that he did calumniate you . The Tories have 1 aimed a deadly blow at the liberties oi the Irish people . I It is but a precursor . You have come forward at once , 1 nobly and generously , to ward it off , or share
I in it , in order to mike it fall the more lightly ! upon tbose who were led to hate you . In tbe spirit of ! pure Christians you have forgiven those who wronged I you , and have come forward to the assistance uf tbe I very men who offeied their gratuitous services to the ! Whig Government to crush and oppress you when you 1 were struggling against oppression . This is conduct i becoming a great , a noble , and a generous people . ! Chartists of G oat Biitai : i , persevere as you have | begun , petition , remonstrate , do every thing not only | within thy precincts of the law , but within the paid of th ^ constitution , to save your Irish brethren from those contemplated acts of Tory tyranny . Stop the Irish Arms' Bill ; prevent the Daasing of any Coercion Act ; but do not abandon the Charter . Petition Parliament
for & Repeal of the Union , but trust in no man tsgo will not give you a pledge , in writing , tbat he will suppirt bo administration bus one that will make the Peoples Charter a cabinet measure . Thia ia my advice ; it is the best I can give , and is tbat on which I have acted myself since the general election in 18 Z 7 . Patrick OHiggins . Dublin , May 20 th , 1843 .
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From the London Gazette of Friday , May 18 . BANKRUPTS . William Stent , Oxford-street , hosier , to surrender May 26 , at two , June 30 , at one , at tho Bankrupts ' Court . Solicitors , Messrs . Hard wick and Dividson , Weavera ' -ball , Basingball-street ; ofiicial assignee , Mr . Alsager , Birchin-lane . Henry CundaJl , Little Hadbara , Hertfordshire , innkeeper , May 26 , at one , June 30 , at twelve , at the Bankrupts' Court . Solicitors , Messrs . Milne , P ; irry , Milne , and Morris , Temple ; and Messrs . Gee and Taylor , Bishop s Stortford ; official assignee , Mr . Whitmore , Biisinahall-Etreet .
George Flowers , Hammersmith , auctioneer , May 20 , at eleven , June 30 , at half-past eleven , at tbe Bankrupts' Court . Solicitor , Mr . Moss , Cloak-lane , Queenbtreet , Cheapside ; official assignee , Mr . Alsager , Birchin-lane . William Gordon , Colchester , coach-proprietor , ^ f . iy 26 " , at eleven . June 23 , » t one , at the Binkruets * Court , Solicitors , Messrs . Wire and Child , SwitHn ' s-iarie ; aad Mr . Barnes , Colchester ; ofiicial assignee , Mr . Penneil . Philip Speyer and Joseph Schubacb , High Holborn , tailors , May 29 , at one , Juue 30 , nt elev . n , at the Bankrupts' Court . Solicitor , Mr . Webster , Carolinestreet , Bbdf « rd-tq'iai e ; official assig . ee , > U . Gibson , Basil . Khali-street .
John Ftuza , Paington , Devonshire , victualler , Jane 2 , ' , at eleven , at the Bankrupts' District Court , Exeter . Solicitors , Mr . Pinsent , London ; and Messrs . Wills and Francis , Newton Abbott ; official assignee , Mr . Hernanian , Exeter . Thomas Wilkes , SlonmoutEi , innkeeper , June 13 , July 11 , at one , at the Binknipu' District Court , Bristol . Solicitors , Messrs . Smitb an ; l Son , Gi-ij's-iun ; and Mr . Hall , Ross , Hetefordauird ; official assignee , Mr . Miller , Bristol . Richard Pitt , Jan ., West Bromwica , Staffjidshire , hatter , May 27 . at one , June 29 , at half-pa 3 t eleven , at tbe Bankrupts' District Court , Birmingham . Solicitors , Messrs . Miine and Ca ., Temple ; and Mr . Bent , Manchester ; official assignee , Mr . Bittleston , Birmingham ,
PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED . J . P . Kirby and Co ., Liverpool , oil merchants . E ' . iia and Son 3 , Dswsbury . Yorkshire ! , ~ xi ollen-merchants . Koeber , Brothers ,, and Co ., Leeds , dyers . T . and J . K . Tillotson , Sheffield , merchants . J . anrt G Ohadwick , Woodlesford , near Ltjeds , malsters . K . Hephtrd and Co ., Warriflgton , Lancashire , maltsters .
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* * s * sv * -s s ^^^ m ^ — Dismissal of an Oudnakcs Officer . —Liu ; * neA : Chronicle sj , ys "Mr . Hanlon , ordnance u rk of works a ¦ Enuil ; iUt-n . hud boon diami-jsca iuj u . - uding a Report ui . « uuu u .: Roils . Mr . Ilaalou i « replaced by Mi " . liiib _ v , from Dcrry . "
Emigration.
EMIGRATION .
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THE NATIONAL BENEFIT SOCIETY , THE ONE THING NEEDFUL . TO THE CHARTIST PUBLIC . Brethren , —I have subscribed myself in Faith , Hope , and Cbarity onto you , and I trust not in vain How much of our whole existence is wrapped op in in the Srsfc two , and how much we need tbe thorough operation of the latter feeling amongst us to sweeten our faith and hope . Truly , said the Apostle of Christianity , tbe greatest of these three is cbarity ; for , brothers , how much of the ills of life may we
remove , jf we possess tbis brotherly love—if we indeed possessed this virtue , or sought to possets it , and to cultivate it ia others , we should truly sympathise with our oppressed fellows , and not be satisfied with only professing sj mpathy—we should not be satisfied with sympathising only—but give some tangible proof of our » j mpaiby , v ? o should ao our utmost to remove tbe poverty aud -wretchedness of oui fellow creatures . How cit may W hear it said , " Ah , I am sorry for them , but wtiat can one do ? '' Trvw , one cennot help many , but nmny can help one . There are not many rich amongst
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rriHE BRITISH EMIGRANTS' MUTUAL X AID SOCIETY informs the Public , that the Emigration Society , established in Halifax in September , 1842 , have extended their Operations , and greatfy « nlar « ed their Scheme , by fixing npon 20 , 840 Acres of Land , whereon to form a Colony m ome of the Western States of North America , and in allowing more time for the Entrance of New Members , with other Improvements set forth in the Rules , alike advantageous to Capitalists and Labourers .
Parties wishing to Emigrate , may form Branch Societies in any Part of the Country , and are referred for Copies of Rules aud other Information to any of the fallowing Gentlemen ; and if by Letter , post-paid , enclosmg three Penny Postage Stamps : — Mr . Pitkethlt , Buxton-road , Huddersfield . Mr , Jabez Todd . Grocer , &c , Huddersfield . Mr . T . Bewi . ky . Setmunhy , near Cocktrmouui . Mr . Joseph ^ icucljon , Grtm > -sireet , Halifax . }> lr . Wm , Haigij , W au ' -scre ^ t , Halifax . Mr . C . Crabtkee , ( Hon . Sec . ) 3 , Broad-siret-l , Halifax .
2$Anl\Rupi& &C.
2 $ anl \ rupi& &c .
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From the Gazttte of Titesdiy , May 23 . BANKRUPTS . Charles Cooper and Thomas Cooper fell-mougers , Strood , Kent , to surrender June 6 , atone , and July 4 , at eleven , at tha Court of Bankruptcy Mr . Green , offieul assignee . Alderman bury ; solicitors , Mr . Austin ., Threadneedlestreet ; and Mr . Morgan , Maidstone . Cb-irlea Altuzin , npboisterer , Conduit street , St . G ? orge , Hanover-square , Jane' 1 , at twelve , and July 4 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Mr . Turquand , official-assignee , 011 Jewry-Chambers j solicitor , Mr . Pike , O ; d Burlington-street . Joseph Jones , booksbller , Stafford , June 3 and 29 , at half-past twelve , at the Birmingham District Court . Mr . Whitmore , official-assignee , Birmingham ; solicitors , Mr . Phillips , Shiffnal ; ar ; rt Air . Collis , Birmingham .
Tlioraas Price , bsber , Liverpool , June 1 , at half-past twelve , at the Liverpool District Court . Mr . Tnrner , official-assignee , Liverpool ; solicitors , Messrs . Littledale and Bardswtll , Liverpool ; and Messrs . Vincent and Co ., London . Thomas Williams and Edward Williams , linen-drapers , Liverpool , June 10 and July 4 , at eleven , at the Liverpool Dibtrict Conrt . Mr . Csz ^ nove , official assignee , Liverpool ; solicitors , Messrs . Sal $ and Worthlugton , Manchester ; Mr . Baxter , Lincoln ' s-Inn-fields , London . J . Lambert , cloth-merchant , Leeds , Jsne 1 an < 1 ' , at eleven , at the L ^ eds District Court Mr- Hop ? , official-assignee , Leeda ; solicitor , Mr . Blackburn , Lieds .
Samuel Mu-erave aud Bsisjamin Musgrave , dyers , Ljeds , June I * ud 27 , at twelve , at the Leeda D ' -v trict Court . Mr . F .: trne , tfficial-assign . ee ; BoHccir , Mr . Robinson , Leuas
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^ __ - - THE _ NOB _ T _ H _ E _ RN STAR . . J
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 27, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct483/page/7/
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