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" ^ jsB OF COMMONS—Mossdat , Mat 29 . ( Continued from our sisth page . ) _ _ brought in by Lord Melbourne ^ Govern-** He tdmbted that all ench enactments are in *^ d « ff » restraints on the liberty of the subject ; ***^ MP » a that the present state of Ireland made J" *~^ rj to Tinpose them . The reports of tbe le&di ^^ g eonisecied vriih the constabulary force con-M ^^ portsiit evidence respecting the propensities *! in * pasurtV to TJoknc * and intimidation , and ' rijnsue avidity for the possession of anas . Now , y ^ pwtoa of fire-arms facilitated tbe assassinations ^ jTtalil unhappily b ® 63 " ° nmneroaa within the ** £ _ yesis ; and mnrderi committed with 8 ud > )*^ ^ oe more « JifEcoit to be traced thaa where fjHad bsen inflicted in any other way . He re-* J 5 bj waj of sample , to the eases of the late iLord ^ ^_ __
2 Vw » been detected , and to a great Bumirer of » tj ^ -jje open booses with a Tiew of procering ^ Be then pointed ont the most material altera-Jjsade by & * PeadhiS * m in the law w hitherto ^ l ^ saAS CRA ^ roM ) opposed " she bSl . After Jj L , rith some eonMder&iions of -a mm general * LT be csme to the repeal agitation , which he rapjJj VwBld be relied on as a mam reason for the J __ L ,. Bat if th&t agitation h » d lately been revived , **^ herself the cans * of its revival by break-^^^ 3 prcnisaB of redresa for Ima grievances . He MssflJ British ecnaexion , bat even thai con-* L | aught be parchsse 3 at too tiear a rate . This £ f « si a degradatioa to the magistracy and gentry . indeed founded on precedents ; bnt to none of
— iTiadhe been a party , and be felt himself therefT fue to more that it should be read a seoond time Z&m **™ *** - lai CiiM * seconded Mr . S . Crawford ' s amrad-^ ge rtgrettfcd that it was bo moderately worded ; J ^ » oBl 4 sl * ? have supported a proposal that the ^ S ni jSa ^ d be ordered to tick the bill ont « rf those ST ™ He floated lord Eliot , however , for baying rSjoEd the monster in ita props shape ; for , in ^ Z graa , tfce coaree had been to bring in a mere *^^ £ oB- bul of hsdf a doses lines , whereas now the 5 SS ® appeared entire on the face of the bUL i ^ jVaei witty of measures needed for Ireland , ^ rf which were brought forward by Government : ! a Old juries , registrations , manor-courts , and
B dtber rejects reqnrred legislation ; but fJgBj sseM Ti . uld ever be enacted while _ , fijTETEiaent of Ireland was left in the ^ of toe derts in Dublin Castle . The present ^ 0 R , if h passed , would pass against the sense of & wjai-7 ° * the Irish members . Sir B . Peel had ^ isd hinnelf generally adverse to extraordinary ^ 0 s& of coercion , as widening the breach between kijgwiid lower chvEses , and weakening the efficacy i& ordnary law . Now , all these evila would be proi&l | y the present bill , and a milder measure would frwefecfcd all the really legitimate objects of it Since g ^ yor 1792 , there had never been s period when Ire-W * ai so long without eoexclTe measures as she had wffceen . There had been times at which the Arms
A 4 * u suffered to expire , and to lie anrenewed f ^ r $ »» tinee yeais together ; and he did not find that fc ^ B iutemJs all Ireland had been abot Lord Cla-0 a , st Tery great length , went on through the list of ^ BBctrcents psssed from time to time for the prescrytjm cf the public peace in Ireland , marking the di-0 bDCss under which each had been respecuTely y rf , Us < iate , and its duration . Tse present JJ , at aid , contained a clause Tespreting the arms of & TaHaanry Corps . These corps , though they called ^¦ frerfoyoi' Protestants , bad refused to give up ybmas at the order of Government when disbanded . &j h * d sk > c % , in many enure , sold those arms into the vtiBinds ; and thus it was that an . Arms Bill bad vreone to be thought necessary .
Jh . BaTES 05 felt some reluctance in following the pafc of the Xoble Lord , because that speech , if it pmdsxyttung , proved the necessity of this SOL It wist a Coercion Bill ; its operation was to disarm ; £ » tiafketad , and protect those who needed protee- [ & «; a « d it was a merciful measure to those whom sand from being harried inxo crime by blustering . ites , erer ready to inflame others by discoursing of j lBicd weapons , bnt never ventnring to touch t- ? cn 6 c laDdl&s of their own swords . He wished that gawbo talked so loudly about dying for their counjtiduW take to the easier and more ustful duty of iis ? to her—instead of living , as they now did , only btauelves .
li Shstl was persuaded that this Bill would be £ aejtber iaefficiait . The spirit of outrage in the adiy with which ha was best acquainted ^ that of Iml&i } , arose , not from the want of an effective iaiBSl , but from tfee want of a due adiaiiiistraijon i Notice . The Crown Solicitor who conducted the jMUilions at the ass ' zss was not resident in the otif , but in Ihiblin -, be knew nothing of the parties eitoesses , and thus he was easily foiled by the W assistants of the - paaooa , who were mem HBiated with everybody and evexythirg there . ita , it was the practice of the Crown to bribe iniast , bet to leave witnesses unprotected . Thirdly , feiigher classes were relsctast to serve on fLe petty jaa at the assiias : the only remedy for which iJCiace wculd prsbably he a Sue of d-bOO or £ &to .
5 c he objected to this BUI ; it took from the honest it Bens of defence ; it con d not take from the esss the mescs cf anuoyaace ; and even if it cculd iscRbim rf bia most noisy wt&pons , it would still cm to him the more silent and fearful means of death . : adjected to it also at this particular moment , because i iat to make a distinction between England and issad Mr . Canning had said , Repeal the Union t i *« e the Heptarchy I Bnt suppose there were one k » a Kant and another in Wessei , one in Mereia and ; BB&B in JTonhumberland , would the notion then be | MBd ? We were told that Ireland was an Engliah : w « St , « nd a raercber of the great imperial copartDtj-* ?; bat by keepiiig up different laws for the two * 3 elcBa , you yourselves iEevitably suggested the idea ; ^ fifeeat law-givers . In ISIS , England too had an *» KB ; a revolutionary conspiracy was then on tc .: lcrd Castlgrssgh , a firm man , was at the head of >* Jiua ; yet even he , bred as he h * d been in Irish FQso , did bot v ~ ntare to propose such a measure as frfcsfl . Tbexe was no mnsportauon in Lord Castle-: gi '» Act It occupied but one page of the statute : « i . ba ; bere was a bili of seventy clan sen . Against ¦ nd CsKii ? &s £ ti « bill , Lord Grey entered a protest in ficjonnub iiihe Lords ' . some passages of which pro-: ** Mr . SfaeC read aloud !; and in the House of Com-: * w Hairy Brougham—not Lord Broughami edsiffied with all bis energies . How would | t » £ gtunmg have shivered ' the Government | * 9 at isj , had their bill beta such s thing | * ^*—a thing te rtquire that every blscksmith [ " * B hne a license , and every mu .-ket a brand ! Wfcat \ ** fefencs ? Tonr own perssverance in oppres- ' i ?*• H * WMa , it wes Siid , vrigmate ^ t he BJtaBaTB , : Q irihitr Wfeliesley being then xhs IHsh Secretary . « HaJandinlSt 6 w&a not as Jrt ] : tnd in 1 S 13 . Sir ! - ^* WeUsaley , aa the iSdal of Dublin Castle , was * 3 » w ciffereiit from its here whose fame now filled : « » oH , tbsa the Ireland &f 1 S <> 6 was from Ireland ' f - ^ ^! ^ xsd sto-ti too lar ^ e aad too powerful for the ^ 3 ¦ stidivithyoE K l ] we aid tintl her . He then ?^ = 3 to a speteh in via a air R PcoU after review- j ^ 5 . 5 ** ! -: ' * S £ liis t-f t-- si ac : s £ . * & 3 iist litiaad , had I ** klm j ^ iics ; the fur . Lri c-jc ^ ua ^ ce of to roelsn- i : C : * J * ijiuai l ! legielAti-i . Vital tE-cts the Cathciic ' : jil ?^' -11 ^ igJit iave produced , if it bad been \ ^* is a isicJy b ; on , he knew not ; but exported , ¦ X ^ , is it had beta , i-w cruld Euf Ucd fexptct ttat . ~* sis tn £ d acqcicsce ia anythisg abort of perfect ' ^ 2 ?? Y ^ u a ^ ed of the Union « a boad to be ' the
irr ™ » U evtEts ; bnt were y-a sure that joe ^^ je wholly in righ- ? Ton icd made a dif- ! * p « in Ireiatds municipal franciise . A «* n , you ^ Pfai £ nflaod a Be ^ istrarion Bili ijt ParliamtDtiry \ Sr ?* - "STwre was tlie Registration BiU for Ireland ? i ^ . Wi wtkh Mi . ie « Ioyi ^ j . j ncfeBon , Mr . Litwn , ! ^ -S ^ sl-y , had ail 8 aid two yeas einee must be ; £ ?*¦* a witiont a wtek ' s delay ! Intttisd of it , r ^* hid jot a Pjot Law , wtich had dune TE ^ re '' j ^ repeal rf the "Union than auy efforts of hiz " ^ - ^^ iCp 'ii-L . Kau Lhb men who expressed sszcij irj- ** fjr Irish morality been ahrsvB tqaally cc-a- ; ^^» ca ttithead ? So , they were the men who , ' j ^ r £ a £ fce coiticftnt revenae , La-i ot ^ ned ail ihe S * m ^! rf I « - « id , and txocscd her ptaiantry to : a ^ fS ^ t Btitnlants of crime . When SL' B . Ptt 3 ; ^ S * 1 * 1 ^ I « rd Jocelyn , he rfeferred to the WtTrf ? 0 ' * f-nner sovereign agaisst repeal ; but S ^^ OCCMion » omitted all which his late Majesty j ^^ "o of eonciiiatton , while be re-asserted in the ^" 2 ** tone whatever in the King ' * mtesara was > ZS ^* 1 *** 11- He had u *« d the name trf tne ~ Qneen } * fet ^ . f *** JamB 1 rhidl ^ Minister could deprive I a ^ . J » PBlarity in Ireland . The Queen , on berac-i ^^• ibethroBe , had caused to be declared , in a | toflfci 5 ** * ** to" * aanaiand by Lord Jofcn Bossell j |^« W lieutenant , her desire for s > perfect equality J ^^« e two coanme * She bad read of Ireland 1 * * jj ^ r ** f « ittbat eompsnsatioB was one for Ireland ' s 1 ^^ - &i . Shtal tben drew a poetical Contract be- ! H , z ^« i he supposed to have been tte aspect c-f her ! **> f cd ' ^ fnrin ? ^^ uasnwtioo'to Lorf John Bus-^ fea ^ « pect In authuriang Sir R . Peel to make * fc * W ^* 80 ' 0 " A ° * **» a th * t the Government , % J 7 f *«> toe necessity of conciliation and Eber-W ^ faT ^ f * ^^ »«* « eeUie necessity of the same ^« Hsil . lr 11 *^ rf ' biet Cscaoa was the counterpart ? fteoT ^ tbeni to attack the Irish people , to banish *•» tmtH !?? 31 ' to oancOisto the Catholic clergy , *^ to ! 9 & * »^^^ ** htai 0 BI » b 1 » Hoowa and » tan- k * % , ^ <^ Attotney-Geiietal for IrelsBd ) 8 aid 4 It iZLT * ^ fc * to tha authoeity of Lord Grey or j Xt . th *???* 1 * ^ e » onld refsr to the anthority of JeaBtS * ™ a * eH . ^ formfX AnM Act ^ on jj , e , ¦ jfj . Tj ^ iaring in lg 38 . it T 2 S j ^ ewed by t £ e j g ^ wrcriiisaii ; tLe bill fcr the renewal wtct ] ^ C > q-vi ?~ ' rf iie 8 t : 2 «; tsd i = not one of I fclsa of ^ f' ^^^ . ^ J , a £ ing : r ! wcri a « , ait £ t that t : o- I ^ tBUj e ^ T * , ^ eUtuUcn of wLidi Lc now w Tehe-1 ^^ tkr 11 ^ ^ 3 * s hc beaae a nKnber ef . 1 ~^ .: j ' i - ^ -t ; in iS 4 t ) Mit G ^ T £ l- ji ^ t 3 £ 3 ili ?? cat i ,- - " ^ . "; v ica s * -- " ^ - - ^ " ^ ^¦ i ~ z ' - - - - ' - - f the e- 1 ~ " " - ' ** - Jcra > l ^ -- i- ' ^ « . ¦ - a - - - - S *> . ^ . Sri : 5 . t i-. ^ * r . ° . .. ¦ :: " ¦ : " ¦ vi •» --1 * _ s ; z . i t .-i : v « 3 ^ ¦ _ . : ^
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^ mSi ^^ ^ "JHwrMr-ShdlBorany oUitt S ^^? ^ ^? ^^^ ^^ f 11 Mr . Hume Sd ^ , ?^^ 61106 80 * **«• k « ss wna , and tiie » onseqnent necessity cf this preventive ? £ ' « ^^ faow what WM me ant fey that wrt of w i ?^ Tf 7 year ^ coeeding the Qaeen - « letter just quoted , the Precursor Association was tet up . The Si * PT « f ° t repeal agitators were -totthe -
^ , total abolition of the Tithe Commutation Rent-charge ; n ^ xt , the extension of tb * ParliamenUry Sufftage to all sane male adults not convicted of a crime ; ntxt fixity rf teaure—a phrase meaning the transfer of the whole landed property of Ireland from the landlord to the tenant—and with these were H-quired Vote by Ballot , and one or two other extreme prepositions of the same class . Thu measure had been in existence , with little intermission , for almost a century : its necessity wu cogent ; and , though at ae late an hour he should not attempt to analyse its dttails , he was prepared to vete for its second reading .
Lord J . Rcssbll said , that after the speech of the Irish Attorney-Gineral , who had put his argument , not upon the merits of the bill or its present necessity , bat mainly on the course taken by the late Government , he begged to iave an opportunity of justifying the course which , as a member of that Government , he had pursued on this subject . The policy and circumstances UB-. Ier which the late Government had to legislate were widely different from those under which the present legislation was brought forward . At their accession Ireland had long been misgoverned ; it w ; s necessary to bring her round ; but that was a work requiring a mixed policy—kindness to the people , but repression of those who bad been but too long accustomed to violence . Lord Kormanby so governed as to have ths sympathies
of the people with him ; and as these should Lave been more and more secured , it would have become practicable from time to time to let go the harsher measures . But when a new Arms Act was introduced , he would ask whether any attempt was now making to conciliate these popular sympathies ? Whether the recent deprivations of the magistracy were conducive to the peace of Ireland ? He believed that Lord Eilict was sincerely desirous to govern on principles of justice and conciliation ; bnt y « t , somebow , the Irish Government was a Government conducted by a small minority . The IriBh could not but f et 1 it a hardship that promotion was not distributed in Ireland as impartially as in Canada . Considering , however , the whole case , he would not £ 0 so far as to withhold bis vote from the second reading of this BilL As
to the Repeal of the Uiion , he was wholly averse to it , for the s ^ ke of Ireland as well as of England ; and if it were attempted by force , the Executive Government must put that force efftctuilly dowa ; but , while only legal means were biken , he disapproved harsh iiflictions oa the part of the Government , as tending needlessly to aggravate dissatisfaction . Now , as to thoBe outrages , which in the time of the late Government had been ascribed to political causes , he must observe that the last speaker had furnished a defence against that cbxrge ; for bis enumeratien had shown that these outbreaks occur under all Administrations , and are unconnected with political causes . He and his colleagues bad been unfairly treated by the Opposition in this particular ; but they had been generously supported by the Irish people . The debate was then adjourned .
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REPEAL OF THE UNION . ( Omitted in our last for vxml of room . ) Mr . O'Consob lectured on this subject on Wednesday * evening , at the City of London Political and Scientific Institution , Tumagaiu-lane . Charge for admission , 3 d . Long before tee chair was token the Hall was crowded to excess , the audience being composed of about equal numbers of Repealers and Chartists . About eight o ' clock , Mi . O'Connor having arrived , and the applause subsided , Mr . Wheklkb proposed , and Mr . Shaw seconded , that Mr . D ^' aitie , an Irishman and Repealer , should take the chair , which was carried by acclamation , a voice demanding whether he was an Irishman and a volunteer .
Mr , I / Wai ^ e thanked them for the high honeur they baa cod erred upon >» Tn ; it was not the first time he bad presided over a similar assembly . He had been a member of the National Union of the Working Classes , and had assisted in the marriage ceremony between toe Irish and the English at the time of the Coercion Bill , which ended in driving the scorpion Stanley from office , as Secretary for Ireland . They liv-. d in eventful times . He was proud to think that a conciliation was taking place between the werking men of K " g' ° " ^ and Ireland . Hs would read an extract , from The Folio * , an Irish paper possessing the confidence of the millowners , and no trimmer to either
• Whig or Tory . ( The chairman then read the extract , eulogising the Northern Star , and giving an extract 1 rrcai test paper , wherein it was asserted that the Qovercment should not coerce Ireland , unless they also defeated the English workingmen . Tnis , and the mention of the Northern Slar , was received with tremfcadoua applause . ) In that extract he cordially concurred ; for 600 years , since the Saxon invader bad polluted tile * oil of his father land , had the factions been strengthened in their dtt-da of opprc'sti' -. n and misrule , by inculcating jealousies and division between the men of the two countries ; and thus hid the demons been enabled to ride roughshod over tbem ; but the mists of error which for 600 yean had enshrouded them were Lei ? driven away , John Ball was shaking bands with Pa ^ dy ; a long pull and a pull altogether , and the d * mon of aristocracy which already L- this and every other country tottered on its pinnacle , would with one bkw be reduced to atoms . Let them make a stand then for the Repeal and the Charter , and unite in their moral majesty together . The name of O'Connor was a name gre&t in tbe annals of Irish History ; he loved and venerated » he memory of Arthur O'Connor , and though be had £ lrTered bo much from Feargus O'Connor as to assert that he vould never stand on the same platform with him , yet now he would bury all past animosity , aad he trusted that Mr . O'Connor would throw his gres . 1 name into the scale of his country , and would act with whatever leader or system the great majority of bis countrymen should determine upon—( loud cheers . )
| ¦ | ! Mr . O'CO > ' * ob on rising was greeted with vociferous ; applause , waving of haU , &c , and commenced by adi dressing them as Irishmen and Englishmen . He said i be bad attended scores , hundreds , thousands of public I meetings , but never in bis life tad be attended one » o j consolr . tory io his feelings . He would answer the i quertion which perhaps bad been properly asked rei gsrding their Chairman . He was an Irishman , and a '; volunteer in his cannery ' s cause . The Chairman bad ! stated thai he had diflf = red from him , perhaps he had pro-I p « rlydone so , and he ( Mr . O'C ; bad properly differed i from him ; bat no true Irishmen eou ! d differ when tbc ir I country's csuse was in danger . He tad been in Eng-; land ten years , and he had not been a calm nnobser'< "rant spectator cf the pablic mini ?; never in " \ he midst I of Esg'ish agitati-n bad the dear recollection of his j native laud been obliterated from his mind , and though i be bad differed from some of their leaders , that was no I rr-ason when he saw the nation in earnest , when be saw i that the jaovement was ripe , that be should not I give them his helping hand . He acquiesced in I the troth , virtue , and propriety of tfee extraet read , frcm the NaiioTL The press of thiB country , the S-xon press , a press which had engendered the worst feeling against Ireland—which had created jealousies and diTreioRS , that the Legislature m ight take ad vantage of them ; that press no longer looked with contempt , but with doubt , on tbtir present movement They were to ; d that not erly the prtss but the S&relii ^ n was aciinst tb vni . Suppose sba 'was : ther e is & wonisn for you ( pointicg to one on the platform ) . They tell us the Lords , the Coaimor . s , ard tba whole of the ' oligarchy are against us . This gave rise in an Irish- ' . man's mind to tte Qaeslion , wfctn wei 6 they ever for . us ! The Iron Duke and Peel bad vo-vred vengeance ' e gainst Ireland . In coining that evening te the meet- j ing he had « 6 en s caricature of the Ddke at o :: e end of a rope ,. with Peel at tfce other , and Dan OConnell , beis ? j-uU « i to pieces in the middle . How easy would it nave been to have reversed it , and have put Dan at j one end , the Irish nation at the other , and Wellington , &nd Peel in the centre—daughter and cheers ) . There j wts a power which to work immediate eril be dreaded j more than that of the Duke or Peel : it was the vin- j dictive feelings of the Jocelyns , the Rodena , and the ; LondoDderrys , with the local authorities at their back , i
| which he feared would lead to mischief . Already was j the organ cf the State Church party , the Standard , ¦ hcundiug them on to warfare , if there wss any charm i in the dread or anticipation of defeat , it might be , gleaned from the Times newspaper . It no longer ¦ boasted of triumph over a united nation . The Times now siid that sectional reforms must be granted , &nd , that justice most be done to Ireland . It was now too ¦ late ; and be thanked God for it He now trusted that ; ere he died—aye , ere a year bad passed over—that Ire- ; land would be raised from provincial degradation to j national independence . The articles in the Times proved that threats and denunciation were giving way to blarney and chicanery . The wrath of the aristocracy was equally as great as ever it was ; bui prudence compelled them , in a measure , to hide it He bad read all the articles fn the papers , and laughed at the ignorance they manifested . In the Times there was some glib philosopher , some Oxonian or Cantab just imported to the office by railroad , without eves a knowledge in what latitude Ireland lay , pretending to chalk ont a plan to remedy Ireland ' s grievances . He asks , with an air of triumph . " WHI any sane man demand a Repeal of the Union , when he sees tbat since the Union the exports of Ireland are three Un . es greater than they were before ? " The blockhead ; not knowing that at the period he allade » to the population of Ireland was only ttree millions , and that it is now nite millions , end ttat nine millioBB onght to produce Mid txport tfcree . times &b much as three million ! . But ¦» by measure the p «* perity of Ireland by exports and imports ? If fibe exported lex pigs and imported ilw-r greens , it WvEid be a benefit indeed . The TTtcii ' v Iiisputui ( &&X tiding ) Lad a very plausible £ ^ - ^• "¦ . 11 iL . K 1 i :. i o : tie U ^ ion , sn article very much cslculi . - . d , hi-. ' sivr-. j tt- uninformed ; it csked wcuid * L * y ~ * - ¦ " ' s * :- - . v--h •? l " - . i- ? L t t--n Iitiind was so . ' -. s - .-itu .-i wi : lir . i-.- ; -- .-u * ^ anu tLe >\ = ith .-nd j . Lv S-. t : ii w-i zji-sjed ^^ - ' . ticL oxLa , acd thai il
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the Union wu repealed she would fall topieces from internal divisions ? W » s not this a reason why she should have a Parliament sitting In College Green , to heal these distraction * and to administer justice fairly to tbe whole people ? The Standard , the organ ef the Protestant parsons , said it was no use Peel wasting his swset breath upon the su ^ jict The Orangemen of D&rry , the two millions of men of tha North were to be "let at them . " How these mea magnified their numbers while it suited their object j there were not 600 , D 00 Protestants in all Ireland , yet the Standard was talking of two millions of adult fighting men . These were like Falstaffs men . But if 200 , 000 men registered their oaths for freedom , then they dwindled down to a few
tb . oasar . dg . If tbe Union was a » beneficial to Ireland and not to England , why were they so anxious to continue it ? why express their determination come weal or woe to uphold it ? Was it not a complete proaf that it had proved beneficial to themselves ? How had that Union been brought about ? Englishmen were not uninformed upon that subject . He bad never addresssd a meeting in England , is which be had not dwelt on Ireland ' s wrongs , and he had ever asserted that if he could prevent it , England should not obtain her liberty one moment before Ireland . ( Caeers . ) He asked what rights was every man enticed to ? Were they not entitled to be free ; to be born in a laud they could call their own , and not to be mere slaves in the land of their birth , to live enly to produce for their Saxon
taskmasters Burrounded with bristling bayonets , and murdered if they dared to resist oppression ? If the contract of Union was to stand good , he asked where was the bond ? He would prove that all the conditions had been violated ; one of tbe conditions was that the question of Catholic Emancipation should be referred from Ireland to tiie calm phlegmatic St Stephens tojbe adjusted . Was this done ? He had seen the brand of slavery on the brow of his countrymen ; he bad seen a little upstart weaver dressed in uniform stand by the side of a poor widow digging np every tenth potatoe for the service cf a church opposed to ber principles . They were told that Ireland was not prepared for self government , tbat she was not rqual to tbe task , and this too came from them who for 43 years had tried their hands at it , and
proved indeed but sorry legislators . Catholic Emancipation was but half granted them , and then it was fiven as you would throw a bone to a snarling 4 og . They had not been relieved from the impost of a State Church , kept up not for their benefit , but for the purpose of keeping them in bondage to the aristocracy . Was not the contract vitiated in 1832 ? Did not the-King , Lords , and Commons say , by passing the Reform Bill , tbat they bad been corrupt and unfit to govern T Did they not , de facto , say that their past acts were illegal ? Since then they had repealed many laws ; was it tnen too much for a great nation , like Ireland , second to no nation on earth in courage , hospitality , or generous feeling ; was it too much for men a nation to ask for the repeal < f one law . to ask them to ? et aside
a contract which tbt » y bad violated and broken ? Tbey , the Irish people , were determined no longer to stand by this contract , and fcr this reason tha press were dipping their goose quills in gall , endeavouring to write down his country ; they declared that the agitation was unreal , and tbat it was not intended to go on . He said it must go on ; it was intended it should go on ; and because it should go on , he was there tbat night te advance its onward progress . The Times said tbat Mr . O'Connell ' s speech had lowered the price of the funds at the Stock Exchange ,- but they were glad to see tbat Mr . O'Connell still held out the olive branch , and that sectional reforms must be granted to Ireland . They had , as was their constant practice , misconstrued O'Connell ' s speech ; he had tried fer twenty years to do
away and impede sectional reforms , knowing that while there were so many grievances , it was impossible that ought could rectify them except restoring to Ireland her native Parliament . In these days , when ihe mind was enlightened , when knowledge was advancing , when the understanding was cultivated , questions began to be stripped of their hobgobliniBtn . Take away from the Repeal question its horns , hoof , and tail , and he asked what more dreadful was there in local government for Ireland , than for Manchester , or Birmingham . He agreed with their chairman and tbe Nation newspaper , tbat tbey should present a front of moral majesty ; that they should give no excuse to Government to mow them down . The Times , in commenting on a letter of the Bishop of Ardagb for the first time in Ita
columns , called him " my Lord , " a title denied to their Bishops by the Emancipation BilL The Bishop , in his letter , declared that Ireland must stand in ber own defence—that she must carry pu no aggressive warfare ; bnt if attacked , tbey would betake themselves to the sanctuary of God , and there determine on their future course . When tbe mouthful of sawdust , uttered by Peel , arrived in Ireland , what , said O'Connell ? that he would not be driven out of the law—tbat be 'would stand on the back and the front , the inside and the outside of the Isw , and , if attacked in tbnt sanctuary , they would say ve rictas , which in English , was " Woe to tbe conqueror . '' Even the strong Government was beginning to bait in its course ; with the opposition of all the industrious classes , the op *
position of the Chartists , the Corn Live Repealers , the Irish Repealers , and with tbe poor industrious Cimrch of England and Scotland , all firing a- "ay at the bastions of corruption , how could thu G jverrment find means to attack the game cock of the Corn Exchange t Hew was the Union brought about ? When the wrongs of their country had goaded tlem to desperation—T ? h ? a the green fields of Erin were died red with tbe blood of ber patriot sons—when her children , who would have prottcted ber , were slain or banished —was that a time to force upon her a Union T When her sons were in exile , or laid under the cold turf—¦ was tbat a time for a bride to be courted by a bridegroom smeared with tbe blood of her children ? He arpeiled to history whether this was not the first step
token by their Saxon tasksaa-jters to prepare the w&y for the Union , ere tbe Irish Parliament was bribed to betray their country ? In England a member of Parliament was ousted for bribery . Why , then , should the acts of that bribed Parliament stand good f Why should they not be impeached fcr bribery ? They were told tbat tbe condition of Ireland was worse before the Union than at present Granting it was so , was not the condition of England worse at tbat period than at present ? Were all tbe advantages of civ ; IJE : tion and the spread of knowledge to be taken into account for England , and not for Ireland ? Look even for a period of twenty yeaw back . Was the condition of America or Belgium then equal to tii « ir present condition 1 Was the principle of progression to be annulled in Ireland
only ? He trusted that be should live twentyyears after Ireland was again a nation ; and be would then proudly point back , and show them bow Ireland bad progressed when Ireland had a native Parliament . It ¦ k-ss in some degree an index to the public mind that they irere tben upheld by popular opinion ; the grosser passions of their aristocracy were kept back ; they then stopped at h me and spent their money in Ireland . He did Cut say ttat the Irish PirliiuiKnt had ever doc © jns ' . ice to Ireland . In fcet they never had a P ^ riiani . it , fur the Irish Catholic wes not allowed to vote for a E ; ii . Ver . Tet Ireland was then better governed by a -.. alive P ^ rliaiEent , chosen by Protestant electors , than by a Saxon Parliament , elected partly by Catholic voters . They bad then some of Ibe unities cf a nation
—they bad one Duke ( Heaven cavo tfce nark . ' ); they bad their aristocracy and country gentlemen rtsidiag on tbeir estates . What made London £ ucb a great and noble city ? Was it not partly tbeir aid ? Did not they , wLeu carrying tbe hod—when assisting in rearing tfcp stately edifice—when disposing of their earnings , he : p to raise the hffluence ef the city ? And wbyjsfcoald they not carry that labour to a city of th = ir own ? Wby should they have empty halls and deserted streets to swell the grandeur of others ? Tbey bad got occular demonstration that a Saxon Parliament did not legislate for them . A great Ibw officer , who fcsd filled the first law cfiice of tbe crown , asserted tfcey were " aliens in language , religion , and Wood "—( shame ) . Then why not let them go hack and be governed by tbeir brother
aliei a ? In considering this question , they must not be guided by their own enthusiasm or zaal , but by cireum stances as tbey were . In speaking of this all-absorbing , this everything-tl « e-destrojiog question , they must look at it as affectiDg the interests of Englishmen . He would dwell but a moment on the cold subject of Interest , but be could prove that a Repeal of the Union , if beneficial for Ireland , vu equally indispensable for England . An Irishman never left bis borne , if a subsistence could be obtained ; but they were . compelled , by dire necessity , to leave their Dative land and to swallow up every year twenty millions of capital out cf the Ecglish labour market ; besides the additional barm of constituting an unemployed reserve for the masters to fail back upon . This brought him to
the important eu . J 6 Ct of over-population . He agreed With Midthns that there was s surplus population ; Le admitted tliat in every parish in Ireland there was a surplus population . Out of every parish be would pick out the state church paiBon ; tbe une locust which devoured ev * ry green thing ; and then there would be ample room for tbe flock to range at liberty . The eame argument applied equally te Engksd . When tbey dr » ve tbe bugs away bonest men could live in peace ; and tbey would have tbe consolation of knowing that at the close of life their bones could rut with those whem , fn life , tbey held most dear . No w that tbe great struggle bad commenoed , adverse circumstance * wen rapidly disappearing . Five or six months back be could not see bis way dear , but when on every Saturday be saw the national rent amount to £ 500 or £ 600 , and this too in the very worst month in tbe year , wben poverty was staring them in the face ; when be saw this amount cheerfully given , ha asserted that any power which
would attempt to invade the Irish people must be more than tinman . Tbey might In their frerzy attempt to do ao ; tbeir organs might bound oa the me of the north against the men of the south ; bat he had read with delight , in tbe Government organs , that an Irish man , whether in a green coat o * a red , wbetber with » shillalee in his band or a musket on bis shoulder , in the day of bis country ' s trouble , never forgot that he was an Irishman . He was almost inclined to make an exception against those eaves-dropping , green-coated ; yeilow-tumed-up police , whom , when in Ireland , from their uniform , he had christened Cockatoos . It appeared from the papers tfcst one of these eares-droppers ot the name of & £ * idy had fallen into conversation with a tinem&n of the Lime of Pearson , wbo asserted that if it cams to a struggle te ¦ would ne-rer fire oa Lie C ' UDtryniec . Tl « tav . s-or pptr ojrji . d it to tt > C . ' nmrsairy-G-. iisral . £ S' 7 Pca : £ n on fc = i :: g txavr . r . td . stattU ttM Ga * iv hkd f . iciU tilt e- 'BY * rs * tioi : upon Liu ) , ; tuc ! Le
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had merely said that he would fire over tbe people . It mattered not which was the true version , it was evident from the examination that something passed between a soldier and a policeman about firing . God forbid It should ever come to such a sad result ! If Father Mathew had lived In 1797 , to have inculcated that spirit of temperance and forbearance wblch he bo successfully Inculcated in the-pnmnt day , Ireland would not then have been lest . The Irish never , no matter what were the causes , turned their backs apon the toe , or shuddered in th 9 gale ; and it was still on record , that until they got drunk—until they were disordered by intoxication—in every encounter the Irish defeated the red-coated rebels ; that , instead of flying io every battlethe half-amed
Irish-, men mowed down the rebels to Ireland . At tbat period , under the influence of spirits , they were goaded into premature warfare ; but now they were under the influence of the mlnrt , and were guided by reason , and they would find that mind was their greattat safeguard . He had no doubt that spies were employed in Ireland , same as now in England ; he had no doubt but an attempt would be made to c » fr ^ e them ; he had always said that , hswever corrupt a Legislature might be , it still had a restraining power over tbe Executive . He now told them—and he called upon them to mark hie worda—Sir Robert would allow the agitation to go on unheeded : he Would at an early peiio 4 prorogue Parliament—be would then let slip the doss of war , The feeat Mood
in Ireland might be shed in the struggle to defend tbeir rights . Peel would come down to Parliament , and state that be had warned them that , if necessary , be should call on them for increased powers , and assert there was not much , difference between having them when asked for and taking them on an emergency . But , as the chairman bad said , he thanked God that the two countries were united ; and if they coerced Ireland , they must alBO coerce England . ( Loud cheers . ) He did not know in tbat ease what , ns an Irishman , he sfaonld do ; he would say nothing . He bad tbe day after to-morrow to appear before tbe ( Juoen ' a Bench ; but if hie countrymen in Ireland were invaded and in peril , Le as an Irishman should feel himself invaded in England . There were good men in
Ensland—( hear ) . He saw before him a man , who at Birmingham had saved his life from 1500 wen . He did not stop to inquire whether he was a Hepealer or not—( ahouts of " arouse . " ) He ( Mr . O'C ) . announced in the first number of the Northern Star In 1837 , that a Repeal of the Union was essential for tbe prosperity of Ireland —( " that ' s true . ) " Since then , him and bis countrymen bid fought like men , or rattier like man and wife—( cheers ) He bad been knocked down five or six times , and rendered insensible from a cat on the t * mplo —( " It was all for love " . ) He did not stop to inquire what It was for , he knew it was for some Irish purpose , and tbat satisfied him . He had lived through turmoil and persecution ; he had attended more public meetings than any man in the world , and he had never missed an
opportunity of inculcating into Englishmen the wrongs of bis country . They need not be alarmed that he should damage them by the mention of physical force ; he would caution them not to be shot down by factions ; aa man increased in mind and dignity , brute force receded from his ideas . They had now began to taste the fruits of misrepresentation ; they no w began to see the false picture ' given of their objects and desires , and they would be mvre capable of doing Justice to him and saying the reports about O'Connor may have been as false aa those about oorselveA He would nerer praise Irelaud at the exptDcc- of E 'gland , pr England at the ex pence of Ireland ; but be had always asserted that Paddy was a better agitator than John Bull . After the dark November set in , Paddy got in potatoes and was always
provided with a resource , and if a warfare should occur , the stock of bis neighbour he was equally welcome to as his own ; but the cause that paralysed working men in England , which prevented even tbeir tongues from wagging , was , tbat if they bad no Saturday night , they had no Monday morning . If ever Ireland ' s rights should be achieved , it would be by the means suggested by O'Connell . If three hundred good men should happen to meet in Dablbj—if " apontaniety" should happen to be the result , then he bad hopes that the day of Ireland's regeneration was not far distant Mr . O'Connor thau alluded to tho Reform Bill , which was net only blotted but blooded by the Coercion Bill , and showed the manner in which be bad predicted that measure . The Chartists of England were now to be tested ; ho did not
like to , say too much for other persons , but when the forthcoming address of the Irish nation to the English people was issued , he pledged himself it would have such a response as every Irian heart would delight to hear . He would spend £ 200 of his o *» n money in carrying tbat National Edict under bis arm to every large town in England , aye , and small ones should not be forgotten ; and it would meut such a reception as its weight deserved . It bad always been the policy to divide tbe English and tbe Irish , that no simultaneous action might take place ; but If once united the pigmy power of the aristocracy would be Insignificant against them . A friend of his , Mr . Collins of Mallow , said at the meetiDg > t CharlevUle , that the Blshopssaid , " be united ; " the Suffragists said , " be determined , " and the
people said , " we will have it . " What force could oppose this determination f A cannon bail could not damage an opinion , nor a sabre cut down a sentiment . Now thty were united tbey would never again bond to faction , but would stand firm in that liberty in which God had created them ; they would then deserve the name of Irishmen , they would then be worthy of their country . His countrymen must suppose him to be loss than man and much leas than an Irinbman , if he had not sighed for tho freedom of Ireland . If while looking to achieve liberty for the whole world , by aid of Chartist principles , bis first thoughts had not baon to his native land , it might be said why not keep to tha Charter , why bo : join the Repealers ?> It was to show the triumph of mind , to show the advantages of union , to leave a reeord
to posterity , that for a nation to be free eha has only to will it . If , as a party , the Chartists were not determined to oppose every body and support every good measnrc , even if the Repeal of the Union came fresh upon them as a May flower , still it would be their bound en duty to support it , for it was a contest of liberty against injustice , knowledge against unjust power , and-religion against infidelity . Mr . O'Connor then went into the subject of the injustice to Ireland of a state cbnrch , and also showed that tbe Repeal , unless accompanied by the Charter , would not abolish this and other evils . Give to Ireland , said Mr . O'Connor , a Parliament of 300 men fairly elected by the whole people , and Instead of a slave land , Ireland would be a paradise fit for tbe residence of a noble
people . When tbat happy day should arrive the tear of joy would flow as rapidly down the cheek of age , as down that of the blooming maiden . There would not be an Irish heart that would not leap with joy to think that though born a sieve , he was likely to die a free man . Was it to be endured that Prince Edward's Iaiaud , thai Newfoundland , that Canada , and other countries ahouM have a domestic legislature , while Irelaud waa deprived of il ? They were now giving a boon to Canada , but they had never given a boon to Ireland , Yes , they had given her one ; like a careful nurse fearful a child should cut itself , takes away tbe knife , so bad tbey behaved to Ireland ; fearful that an old barrel should txplode , 01 that in mistake they should put the wrong end of tbe musket on their shoulder , they kindly deprived
them of tbeir arms . No man could be so foolish as to suppose that he was not patting a nail in hla own coffin , that he should not be punisbed , not so much for what he bad done , aB for what he had promised to do ; but to the winds he flung all such paltry Speculations . For what was mind given to man but to use it 1 and words were given to express his feelings . He would rather die a freeman than live a elava His country was too good and too great to be a colony ; her sons were too noble to be slaves . Though lie had opposed some of their lc-iders , yet during hfs nine years residence in England no one had ever heard him utter a word against the Catholio Priesthood—( shouts of "Thafa true . '') God forbid he should ever have said a ward to damage the influence c f those men to whom Ireland
must look for counsel and aid in their day of struggle . Mr . O Connor then highly eulogised the priesthood 0 ? tis country , and expressed bis pleasure that they were convinced of the necessity of active operation . He rejoiced that tbe Repeal bad not been carried before , while Ireland was infested with drunkenness . He also rejoiced tbat the Charter had not been attained at the time of the Reform Bill . The minds of tbe two nations were now prepared ; the recruiting aerj-sants , knowle ge and poverty , had woll performed their duty . Mr . OCann # r here alluded to the immense number of improvements lately invented , and enquired where was the working man ' s share ? He also showed tbat disunion had been kept between the English and Irish by mutual jealousies and feats . Much of Peel ' s
confidence lay in the belief tbat the English people would take no part In the present straggle ; if they did sot , they bad no ears ; be had no tongue , and they had no voices . If be bad looked on apathetic they must have taken Urn foe a poor vindictive politician , leas than a man , and much less than an Irishman . Since the agitation began in earnest , every morning , ere breakfast , be read every thing In tbe papers pertaining to the subject ; every sight , ere he went to rest , ; he prayed God to sbUld the patriots of bis country . He suffered more here than if he was on the sphere of action , bnt still the news came with a freshneM to bis heart which nought could destroy . When he received the news of bow Peel ' s threat was received in the Irith camp , it gave hSsa tbe sincerest Joy . He ( O'Connor ) was the first to tender the olive branch ; ill feelings be bad buried for ever . They must
take beed to allow no personal or vindictive feelings to creep into their eoansels . ( Hear . ) If England was the mistress of tbe world , Ireland bad been her cradle , her nurse , and protector . They loved the land of their birth ; they were determined to render her free ; yet for these holy aspirations they were taunted with being rebels . That whfch , when successful , was patriotism , wben defeated , was rebellion ; but they eonld not be dtfeated . The fiat © f the nation had gone forth ; she had risen from the tomb of apathy ; she had calculated her own strength , and the power of her foe , and bad come to the determination that the land of the slave should become the land of liberty . ( Great cheering . ) Mr . O'Connor then announced tbat be should write weekly articles in the Enylith Chartist Circular , en the Repeal question , and eat down amidst tremendons applause .
Mr . ciuw .. moved , and Mr . M'CaRTUy seconded , a vote of tl : ; mks to Mr . O'Cor . r . or . Mr . Rimgrovb , a well known nn'I vecerahle Rf-r ? aler , in ac oddiesa of considerable knglb , eup-
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p » rted the motion , and highly eulogised the O'Connor family , promising the meeting , at some future period , to explain to them the villanous manner in which tha Government had treated Mr . O'Connor ' s father and brother . The motion was carried amidst tremendous applause . Mr . O'Connor In reply stated , tbat words would be a poor return for the reception they had given him ; and , aa actions spoke tbe mind , he tendered to the Ch . irman one sovereign as hia first instalment to the rent—( tremendous cheering , waving of hats , * c . ) Hb wished to be enrolled as one of a corps of reserva on this side of the water , and to be enrolled as a Repealer in the nearest ward j and if tha sinews of warfare shouM fail , if 200 Repealers could be found to do tbe same , he would subscribe £ 0 per wek until the measure was
gained—( great applausei—this w : uld bring £ l 000 per week . It was but little use clamouring : Jet every Irishman give up his pot ami his pipe until his courti-y was free . He had uevur before giveu aught to tbe was- *; but he had given his money ami his sweat—which coined into monay—to the Chartists of England ; buf now ha vfouH preach f&r thorn—as he prayed for them—with ( qnai al : aritytlir . fc he did for uts bi \ ^ e : Char ' . ista of E s lantl . Tbe Repeal o £ the Union \ vm- as much n , n English aa an Irish question , and would t- r . 1 to puah forward their own cause . Ho . thanked tt d that he stood before a mixed audience oi Irish an < i of English united for one common object . Ha husV the past would be buried in oblivion , aud that ou that night tbey should seal the contract of union hbtween tbe two countries , and i . ever rest till their libertiea were achieved .
Mr . O'Connor then left the room , and was greeted with the greatest enthusiasm by hia Irish brethren , who declared they would live and < iie for him . Mr . Haines having been loudly called for , brhfly addressed the meeting , expressing bis approval of Mr . O'Connor ' s discourse , and thought they should neve .-forget the absent . Ho therefore proposed three che r ? s forO'ConnelL ( Three hearty cheera ! were given . ) He heard a few hisses . ( Shouts of " No . " ) He believed sn , but it did bis heart good to hear them drowned in that terrific Bhout of applause . Mr . Cla . nct moved , and Mr . Wheeler seconded , a vote of thauks to tbe Chairman , who briefly replied , and the meeting closed by cheers for the Charter and Repeal , tbe Nodhern Star , and the Nation .
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HARMONY" HALL . LETTER XII . 10 THE EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN * ABSiit , —The subject of organizing a society to act in entire unity is so little understood—so much opposed by all the feelings and prejudices tbat have hitherto been generated among men—and so absolutely essential for any successful results to be obtained , on a scale at all commensurate with tbe present wants and dia tresses of the people , that I shall offer no apology to your readers for again reverting to the subject , but ¦ hall feel much obliged for the correction of any ideas I may put forth respecting it that may appear to them erroneous-I am the more induced to take this course , as I have during the past fortnight had to attend the sittings of the Congress of tho Rational Society , and to deliberate with a body of men chosen by election from the branches of that society .
I have no hesitation in saying that the parties thus assembled were as intelligent , as conscientious , and aa determined to act justly as any body of men that ever assembled ; and , being under tbe guidance of correct principles , there has been exhibited m * r . e unanimity and discernment of truth , with less personal or party consideration , than could be procured under any circumstances tbat have yet been formed for such a purpose . It will , however , be manifest to any one who reads the report of the proceedings of the Congress , which is
now being pnbliahed weekly in the New Moral World , tbat there have been occasionally decisions come to , in consequence of the custom of voting being adopted , which are inconsistent with the general spirit , and would not have occurred , if tbe suggestive form of council had been observed , and each delegate had calmly and carefully examined tbe bearings of every question proposed , simply with the view of laying before whichever might have bean considered the superior mind such facts as would have allowed the individual selected to have digested all the information received in the most consistent manner .
In speaking of those decisions , however , I by no means do so in the language of csmplai ">; they were arrived at after calm and deliberate investigation , in accordance with those views and feelings , which for the time aotuated tha minds of the delegates ; and tbe resolutions adopted are as far in advance of the present opinions of the pub ' . ie generally , aa It would be ptadent for any associated body of men to go . I have for sometime shown my individual acquiescence with the proceedings of the Rationalists , or Socialists , as they are more generally called , by having devoted myself in every manner to tbeir cause , and I have again accepted tbe office of their General Secretary ; so that any remarks I may make will be with tbe desire to forward tbeir movement , it beine my conviction that the ohanges we require must be made in entire accordance with the spirit ot those principles , which are the declared principles of the Rational system .
This Association , then , which I : pTopoae should be formed for the reconstruction of society , I again ' repeat , muafc he hr . scd on unity , and every operation must be carried forward in entire accordance ; with the feelings and convictions of same one single mind , aided and supported by every one who joins the : Association , with every means in hia power . Tbe individual thus selected must have the largest and most comprehensive grasp of intellect that the human mind has yet attained to , and he must join with this a knowledge of detail sufficient to prevent hfs giving wrong counsel on any matter that may be
submuted to him . He must have the mildness necessary te bear any reproach , however painful it may be to hia feelings , without exhibiting tbe slightest murmur or dissatisfaction ; and he must at the same time bave the firmness requisite to meet and overcome any difficulty tbat may beset his path . He must have self-confidence sufficient to believe that he is able to accomplish the great work he will be called on to undertake ; but this must be unaccompanied by the slightest conceit <* r personal vanity . He mast strongly desire tho good opinion of every individual , to whatever class , sect , or party be may belong ; but be munt never be tempted to act by the love of approbation .
Some of your readers will , I have no doubt , smile at these qualifications be tig required of any individual ; but I would tell them they must be combined , and accompanied by many ethers , before the true and entire redemption of man shall take place ; but , in the ruein time , our duty as practical **• formers will b *» to t-. kn care that we do not neglect the immediate resources at our command , because we have not everything that is necessary to comp l ete the whole work . No body of men wbo ha 7 e associated , in any age or country , have done so much for the progress of humanity as those who have enlisted under the principles promulgated by Robert Owen . From the period of his first declaration of the errors oa which bamnu society waa based to the present , a gradual , rapid , and
geometrically progressive advance has taken place , until , without their being apparently at all . eonecious of doing ao , nearly every public writer and speaker assists in producing tbe conviction that the character of man is formed for him , and not by him ; tbat be has cot tbe power to believe or disbelieve at his pleasure , and that he cannet love or hate except in accordance with the feelings and convictions that are made upon his mind , and therefore , that be can be in no manner responsible for hid actions . These truths daily become so apparent tbat it will be impossible for tbe Government long to resist their admission ; and , whenever this shall be the case , then may be introduced every practical measure necessary for the relief of man from vice , crime , and poverty , and every misery tbat attends him .
With regard to organ ' zition , the Rationalists , notwithstanding the imperfections I have before alluded to , are , as a society , in advance of any other that has ever yet been formed ; and I esy this , without seeking to disparage the efforts of our Chartist or any other friends , for I would that there were many superior to them , that they might be enabled to take examples by tbeir working . In estimating this organization , however , I cm only speak of it as a theory or abstraction : the vivify ins ; power has not yet been given to it , nor can it be until those who have associated shall become alive to tfee universal principle * on which they profeas to act Then —and not till then—will the right * of man be respected ; and every individual will be prepared far more readily to sacrifice his existence thau to do an injury to others , ot to permit an injury to be done to any being in existence .
Respecting practical measures , the Rationalists have , as I have shewn in the early portion of these letters , secured to themselves several of the elements for the emancipation of their fellow men . They have many hundred acres of land ; the labour market is entirely at their contronl ; and they have among their ranks many of the most skilful and intelligent of tbe operative classes of this country . What they now chiefly require is that capital shall be provided in proportion to tbe other elements for the production of wealth , and they will then be enabled to progress with a rapidity that shall astonish all ranks , classes , sects , and parties , and
convince them that they have hitherto entirely mistaken , not only what hitman nature really is , and the manner in which society can be best formed , but also the means of simply helping themselves most abundantly to rich an « t precious gifts , with which the creating power of the universe most liberally surrounds them . As however the operations on tbe land , and the other means for producing profitable results that will be joined with it , will allow of the payment of a liberal interest , there can be little >' oubt but capital will be supplied as readilrr as tbe other elements required for successful operation as soon as the subject shall be clearly understood .
Much misconception has existed , and still exists , with regard to the views and objects of tho Founder of the Rational S ; stem , and with regard to the manner in which bo b : is prockbdeti in re ! aticii ti t ' . ie working classes , and I would oa this subject a ^ so <• f , r your readers to the report of the piocifcdings >> f t' » C . r ; ress , and more especially to the long eXaJih ^ abu wtuoh
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took place of the Delegate for Harmony , Mr . Joshua Hill . This examination , entered into aa it waa by almost « very . member of Congress , with the view of eliciting the truth or falsehood of rumours which he had heard in bis own branch , or district , has tended , and will tend , to dispel an immense amount ef errone ous impression , and will enable every person who read it , to contrast in his mind the difTorence between a position in the old world and one in the new . What . , however , has hitherto beon done is nothing when ts , k «> n in relation with ths obj ? ct to st > effected ; it be ; : ra in fact only the compajriaon of a few drops to tha watvrs of the ocar . Let the pubHc g « nuraliy awaken to the trutbs of . tho rational system , and let some foW li aUnr ; minis among t ^ em undertake * he fo rmation of such a society-sis I point out for tfea effecting of the ha ; . pi . ib 83 they will lead to , and all minor and petty coi . te tiens will cease to t-o hewd among us .
Whenever this BbaU be the case we sbflll have no moTo fiesirt to c-x sfc r . mon ? men , that they shall indt virtually be thought miuh of iov the little service they can t * . det to th ir f «! luw-beings . E ; ich one will coidi .-iitj- aositit every ott > cr cn <\ ia discuiHng tbe truth in I'Vyp > ruon as hJ acquires it , and each wiil ardently contn ' . 'tue whatever lies in his power , either physically , mentally , morally , ot pecuniary , to accomplish what &U will desire as the oiiiy boou for winch existence will be valuable . I am , Sir , Your obedient eervant . H ILLIAM GALl'IX . Harmony Hall , May 27 th , 1 S 43 .
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The Repeal rent for the past week amounted to £ 705 18 s . 6 d . Dudley and Leicester are likely soon to hare vacancies in their representation . A Petition against Lord Dungannon ' s return for Durham will shortly ba presented to Parliament . The Cambridge Election Committe 3 have decided that Mr . Kelly was duly elected member for that borough , although one caso of bribery to the amount of £ 13 ls . 9 d . was fully proved . The MaSquis oe B ^ EADiLBANE , —It is rumoured that the noble Marquis , who has signified his adhesion to the " New Secession , " has resolved Jo maka a contribution of £ 18 , 000 to its funds .
The Tuam Herald states that the result of a day ' a labour of a collector of poor rates , in ( lie Ballinasloe Union , backed by one hundred policemen , last vreekt was llfd . The French papers state that a vessel laden with negroes , under English colours , and bouud for Jamaica , had been captured by the French brig , tho Vigre , off Goree . There are no slaves in Jamaica , so that those negroes cannot have been intended fox slaves . The Editor of the Iowa Reporter wishes 5 , 000 yountf women to emigrate to that territory , and he pledges himself to marry them all .
The total number of grammar-schools in England aud- Wales is about 450 , ef which no fewer than 150 were founded in the 16 th century , out of the spoils of religious houses destroyed during the Reformation . Hamilton Gibbet Post . —This obnoxious object was hewn down last Sunday afternoon , in the moat mysterious manner . T . ia parties who have rid the county of so disgusting an object are at present uuknown . —Lincoln Mercury .
Green Hams . —On Friday an order wa ? received in this town from the Commissioners of Cu 3 tomg , which reverses previous decisions , under which green hams imported in pickle have been , till now , charged only as pork . It is now decided that " all legs of pork thoroughly cured and imported in a state fit for drying and making hama , " are chargeable with tha duty on hams ; which is 14 s . if foreign , aad 3 s . 6 d ., if colonial , instead of 8 s ., and 2 s . per cwt . ; ao that this last decision makes a material diffsreuce to imporiera . ^—Liverpool Times *
Ar a MSSTiiYG of the States held in the island of Guernsey last week , the following , among many other subjects , was proposed for consideration , viz ., * ' Whether there shall be granted the sum of £ 70 per annum for the destruction of spotrowa for two years . " After a grave and lengthened discussion , the proposition waa rejected by a majority of 17 to 12 . Pleasant Prospect job an Amiable Ladt- — We iiad in the columas of a contemporary tha following very modest announcement , which might bo elapsed uader the head ' singular , if true !"" Matrimony . —A gentleman , just arrived in England in rather 'ddhcate health , but who has an mdepondeut fortune , which will die with him , unless ha has an heir , wishes to lead to the altar a young lady . She must ba of a respectable family and amiable dispasition . "
In Consequence of the farmers m the parish of Cavendish , in this county , having reduced the wages of their agricultural labourers from 83 a week to 7 a we understand upwards of 200 have refused again to proceed to work us til their usual wages are paid . L'he farmers in the parish are suffering great inconvenience from this state of affairs . —Bury and Suffolk Herald . Nicf . ty at the Gallows . — There existed soma curious old customs in Abbeville : a man , condemned to be hung , might be saved if a woman offered , of her own aceord , to marry him . This piece of good fortune happened to a robber at Hautvilliers ia 1400 ; but the girl was lame , and he actually refused , saying to tha hangman , " AUe oloque , je n ' en veux mia ; attaqu' me 1 " — "She limps , I do not at all like her for a wife : tie me up I "
Caution . —At a coroners inquest , recently held in the neighbourhood of Euston-square , it was stated in evidence by a gentleman of the London College of Surgeons , that the deceased , with whom be waa intimate , was in the habit of taking large doses of morphia , to deaden the pains of the gout , with which he was afflicted . This produced a melancholy depression of spirits , and terminated thus fatally « most useful life . —It ia difficult to account for the tendency that many well-informed minds have to seek refuge in the use of temporary and dangerous palliatives , when more happy results , can be procured by efficient modern ohemical discoveries . In tfiis , as in numerous other oases , had the sufferer only known of that well-tested remedy . Blair ' s Goat and Rheumatic Pills , his friends would not have to deplore his loss .
Immortality . — Competitors for fame have strng * gltd and played their parts upon the Btage tf human life , each with one grand object in view , and to that object , fas acma of thefr desires , they liave pushed upwards and onwards . True immortality , however , is attainable only by proper means ; humility and baiuevo ^ nce are the path . The modest and unassuming aspirant courts not the smile 3 of men , but like tha venerable Parr , raovos steadily on . happy in the c-jiiviot'on that L . s humb !< labours will one be day auprocia-. or i , iuc > studiously intent on leaving behind a itKafy winch > -Uall bo a blessing to tins of taoasia-li . " '
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HAMPDEN CO . M . % EMORATION MONUMENT . ( From the Ay ' csbury News ) After the lapse of two centuries since the dt-ath if Juhn J 3 injpdon , a rnonurneiit ia about to be raised to his meni > ry . en Cnalgrove-field , wbere he . one of the grea' . e&t men England ever produced , lost his life ia defence of ihoae liberties -which were saved by the gailant struggles of t ' ne seventeenth century . The pr < jet of rai « Bg this memorial waa suggested , we bc . uve , some tiiua ago , by Lord Nugent , and is now to be carried into effect by the zealous efforts of hla Lordship , assibted by the Duke of Bsdford , the Matquis of Bredalbane . the JEirl of Buckinghamshire , Lords Brougham , Denman , Lovelace , Leigh , Fortesene , and some other gentleman , who bave joined in this testimony of their veneration fur the memorj of this grsat patriot .
The monument consists of a large block of Portland stone , sixteen feet high , surmounted by a Ceppu Cap , and resting on a massire plynth of the same material . It is raiBtii where the Oxford aud Watlington road ia creased by the lane leading on one side to the village ol Cha'grove , and on the other to Watpsgtove farm-house . It was here that Prince Rupert , in his retreat towards Oxford , from . the country round Postcomb , Chinnor , and Lexknor , having repulsed tbe main body of the-Parliament ' s troops under Gunter and Cross , was encountered by Hampden , who led a party of horse to the attack from tbe direction of Warpsgrove . It must have been very near this spot that Hampden received his death-wounds shot by some of the musfcetteers of the Prince , -who lined the hedge which still encloses tbe south side of the lane .
On the Bide of the monument facing Warpegrove ia tho medallion portrait of the patriot in bold relief ( in marble ) by Secular ; on the opposite side are his aims , on the third the names of tbe subscribers by whom the monument is raised , and on tbe fourth is the following inscription from the pen of Lord Nugent— " Here , in thfs field of Chalgrove , John Hampden , "After an able and strenuous , but unsuccessful resistance in Parliament and before the judges of the laud to tho measures of an arbitrary court , first took arms , assembling the levies of the associated counties of Buckingham and Oxford , in 1642 . " And here , within a few paces of this spot , he received tbe , wound of which he died while fighting in defence of the free monarchy and ancient liberties of England , June 18 th , 1643 .
" In tbe two hundredth year from that day this stona was raised in reverence to his memory . " A grand dinner will be given on Monday , the 19 th of June , on Cbalijrove-fleid , Lord Nugent in the chair , in comuiomoniUon of tue 200 th anniversary of the fight The company will assemble at niue o ' clock , when the medallion portrait of Hampden will be fixed in its place on tile monument , and the dinner will take place at three . A very numerous company is expected .
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' TONORTHERN STAR . 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 3, 1843, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct484/page/7/
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