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¥3otwp_.
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Secal anU ^tmtsU £nt*JJfff*nc*,
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JFmam'al 3;arl«'am*ttt«
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MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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OPE TO SEHETOIENCE . Celestial maid , 5 n snnrwy ves $ , "Wiib , tearful jeye , and throbbing breast , OMend of mxn , indnJgent pow ^ Conauctme to thy sacred iow *—Where tbe pnre loves thy inflnence dare Ambzona ! sweats - perfume the air . AnS melting strins of mnac -wild , Thro * ibe ^ eep stillness gluing mUd , On file ear Bnraptnr'd steal , And nameless ecsfades reveal ; Waking tbelmrmonles of mind , 7 M man toman so sweetly Mod Tbosa fine accords , mysterious ties , 35 ifi feeling hearth blest
sympathies—TeB me the place , encfcantres tell , "Where chief thou tatst dengbt te dirtO . In -rain I search the fiari retreat , " Where superstition rears her seat ; Snakin the Convents dismal cell , Where ascetics fctaggUJi -dwell—Amid-whose damp -and cheerless gloom , Its TiefimsTnthless pnde entomb , "With breaklnsf iesrt and streaming-eyes . Where each sad rught some vestal jagta , Torn fcinftbe youffiter bouI halo" dear ; Can If » ture " B Qbfl condemn thaiear ? Is -rain J search tits ionelj ahade , Where Anchorite bis cave hath made ; And solitude , in-cypreas Test ,
Consumes the hours in selfisib xecsL ! Q * ou , O J social nymph , I Treen , In busy life are offnest seen ; Afifl yet in fain on the © I call In giddy pleasure * festive nalL More vainly stSl I hail thy name 32 iro * the crovded courts of fame j "Where Ambifiori ' a fiery « ye 2 ? e ' er tlrops a tear on misery j Bnttyjanny , in blood-stained Test , — While fiercer torments rack his breast 53 am those Mb TrretcheaMcQms leel , Stretch'd on the torVnng bed of steel , Proclaims alond the horrid wax . See , how the monster snnfls afar
ThBEmosMngMood at xkxLghtered heaps . Ana as the frantic "Widow veepx * "W 3 & ravage joy h * drinta ha tears—Her cries at ^ annsic in Ms ears . Where ^ rar his bloody standard rears , In * non thy gentle form appears . Sfeen frcm the palace letme hie , And swift -Kith thee , sweet virgin , fly To some lone e » $ , - » here poTerty Despairrng sits -wiik hopeless eye . O 1 Goddess , haste to Erin " * land , Ibere deign to take &y hallow'd stand . O ! let thy soothingspMtieal The mufnes -wbit& her people f eeL Xo i from his helpless children torn ,
Their sole support , tbdr father borne Par , far from his satire land ; Porced ij oppression ' s iron hand , To tnmdsr on the ¦ wintry -ware 2 Hiscriiafi?—HeTTonldnotba a slave . Se 54 O Ihda EbaS xaffian band I See , it prepares the homd brand . ' Vhm * the fiimes already spread , And , 02 consume the bumble shed"Wbaie misery alone conld find A shelter from the piercing wind ; Asahs , "whose labour fed that pride , "BTuco now Ms sufferings can deride ; Forlorn , sad destitute must Team , Without a friend , -without a home—His all destroyed 2 what i nothing save >
O ? eoI—Be conH not be a-slave . Ha ! vfcence comes that dying moan ; 01 Tfhence . that agonizing groan J Tia XatoralB parting pang !—He dies—A mangled * lildess corse be lies—An aged parent ' s fost ' ring hope , An aged parent * only prop 1 Naked , defenceless , fee -was slain By amed soldiers I Oi foul stain I Oppression mart"dhim for the grave—His crime ?—He conld not be a slave . OI Goddess haste to Erin * land , There £ eign lo take Jhy idlo-trd stanfl . O ! let thy soothing spirit heal The anis ' ries -which hsr people feeL Z . From The Fbess , as Irish newspaper , suppressed by Gsvenanad , to carry " Usiox "
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SO ^ TG OF THE HAT 31 AEERS . The noontide is bot , and-onr foreheads are brovrn , Obi palms are all shining and hard ; Bight dose is enr work -sxifa the -wain and the f erk , Andhnt poorisonr ^ ailyTeBard . Rit there > joy in the nm ^ mp , and mirih Jn the lark 5 bit skims -whistling a-ray over head ; { to spirits 2 ie light , thongh enr tkius may be dark , And there ' s peace -with < rar meal of brown bread . TTe dwell in the meatiotrs , -we toD on the sod , iai a-caj fean the city ' s dnH gloom ; ind anorejoHy are -we , though in izge -we may be , Than the pate faces orer the loom , Tnea a song and a cheer , fsr-aiebonnie green stack Climbing op to the son -wideasdhigh ; ? or 2 ^ pitchers , and rakers , and merry haymakers , And the beautiful Midsummer sir .
Cameforih . gentle ladies—come forth , dainty sirs , And lend-us jour presence a-while ; Tear garments mil gttier no stain from the burs , And a -freckle -wont tarnish jour » mTi « £ to esxpeft more soft for jonr deSeate feet Than Ihepile of yonr TelTeted floor ; And the air of our balm rwarth is surely as sweet As the perfume cf Arabia ' s Khore . Come fcrth , Dot > Ie-masters , come forth to the field , Where freshness and health maybe found ; Tfhaa the -wind-ioira are spread for the butterSies , And the claTEr-bloom felleti around . Hied asong sod a eiser for the bonme green etacX CSmbing op to the son -wide and Wgh ; 5 or the pitchers , and raker * , anfl merry haymakers , And the beautiful indsummer sky .
Bold fast !" -cnes tee -waggoner , loudly and quick , ! And then comesthe hearty " Gee- 'wo J J * While the canning old team-horses manage to pick A sweet mouthful to munch as they go . Tdb lawny-faced children come round H 3 to play , And-braTel / they ntm ^ -c-r thehesp ; Tffl the finjest one , all onispent -with Qie Jim , Is curled -np-with the aheep-dog , asleep . Old-age attfcth do-vm en tho haycocf s fair crown , At the dose cf our labouring day ; Aca -wishes his life , like the grass at his feet , 2 flay be pure at its " passmg a-iray . " Then a song an da cheer for the bennie green stack , Climbing up to the sun -wide and high ; For the pitchers , and rakers , and merry haymakers , Anft the besntifnl 2 £ idsummer sky . Kltza Cook .
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CA IJSIiE . —A Modees Jack Sheppakd—DiSisG £ sctPB rsoM Casuslb € L&oi _—J ? otwitl-Raatfcjg the excellent arrangements of oor county g «> l , we haTe to record the escape of a prisoner from within its walls ; bni it -was the result of an adyen-« ne » perilous in itself , and accomplidaed-with snch straordinarj darinjp , that -we may safdj esj it was * a escape ^ Bhich no pebble foresight conld prevent , Ai lie recent Carlisle sessions , a lad named Law-Jaaee Doogan , tuias Joseph Haynes , who-Bss « nlj wees jearscf age , ir as cocricted on an indictment * w Sating Bererai eDtct spoons , the jwperty of ^ . fe ac & » tt , of WorSaugton . His case exeited HaiaoeraMe attennon frem the feet thai ia was
cae of a family © f thieves of which , no less thaa three , ^ ere wn ^ icted s » the last sessions . On tne trial it ^ ss fiiewn fltot Lawrence Doogan iad beai pre-TMraSj con-ricted and imprisoned 1 st theft some W ^ rif ° I ^ e -was therefore sentenced to trans-P ° ™ 0 Ma for seren years . Tie earnest entreaties to * L . . aBfififfUioa of his punishment , joined to &e cotej Mfeed u fee ^^ ap ? are nUy by ^ relations , yrhea tie senlcnce tyas anDonnced , ^^ ^ nte a Benafion as the time , After lis h-tS ' ?' ? ' asilElia 3 J eobjecsea to hardJabonr it ^ f v ' int e ^ hibiim ^ symptoms of catarrh , ^ » as EHbseqnenfl y placed m the hospital , and a ; was pnt npon his chest . At night , howeyer , « Kmxnyed to make Ma eseaiMs from th * hosnitaL the lo %
^ led -ssaii iy means of a Jea £ m irater B >^ and haTiniihns reached ihe leadB he escaped ^ WMoof of ihe Crown Conrt , hisxonte being clearly "aoeable , nntS he dropped into ihe shrubbery be-|» ai , oppoate to Mr . Head ' s iank . The difiicnlaes he had to eBcounter -were most formidable , The Caly ondeiftom the hospital re a windowTrith three panes of glass , i » nt the bars of the Bash-are of iron , * ad the space between them is barely six inches sodalialf ^ wide , and only fifteen and a half inches Ba ^ ibrmin gan apertare BQ small , that it seems » TOacal impossibility for any human being , beyond IS '* RB of cMahood , to force iimself flironj ^ i it . - "naBoojgan contriyed to do , but it jb snpposed he !? 8 assisted in the attempt , by a deserter of Ihe
* &d . regiment , who was also in the hospital at the h » b . The feat , howeyer , 5 s one of great difficulty , |* 4 as ho Ernst haTe come through head foremost ?^» marrel how he gained iis feet withont serious ^ 27- Onc e oolade the hospital iis work was but ^ a , a formidable wall , of full twenjy-eigbi feet ^^¦ sras to oe scaled j and this he conld only ac ^ WiBh by theielp of * frail leaden water pipe ^« rans up ae wall fer tweD ^ r-fonr feet , and jfJfMtes in a sort of box . To < slimb this mnst ^^ ^ amred extraordinary strength and daring ; ^ TO en Jig xcaahed theiop of ih « pipe s wiere a ~ r& ODXorenp , xecdyea the rain from the leads ? I " ^ "werwaB of the goal , 5 t is scarcely possible jj- ^^ e hotr neTaisediimselftohiB feet , or-bow " ° his first precarionfi footing . Eroni the top
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of ise pipe to -be top of the parapet of the leads is a disiaree of fully ionr feet ; and the surmouniing this obstacle was the mo 3 t perilous part of the whole undertaking—the slightest mistake mnst haTe pre-« ipitated the adventurer to the bottom of the yard , and dashed him to pieces ; but it would appear that he reached ii by a bold and figorcus spring , as the lead eylflenily benk under hb feet , and one of the two nails by which it is attached to the wall was torn from its holding . It was a leap deciding life or death ! but it succeeded ] 2 and having gained a purchase for his arms , a strenuous effort placed him on the top ; the difficulty of this must have been much increased by the parapet being wide and rounded , instead of square . From the leads to the Conrt House the way is comparatiyely easy , but it
inyoTred a dropping leap of nearly twenty feet from the leads of the Conrt House to the lower building , and a farther descent of still more from thence to the shrubbery , by both of which the lad most haye been considerably shaken . It is a singular feature in his escape , that he did not take any blanket ^ or other means of helping himself , and although the mnst haye left the hospital naked , he appears- to ha-re passed his clothing through the aperture and dressed himself afterwards , as his prison clothes are gone , and there are marks on the parapet , where the woollen part of his coat came away in his struggle to Teach ihe top . A reward of £ 20 -was immediately offered for his recapture , and the exertions of the police are unremitting 5 but np to the time" of our going to press , no trace of the daring lad has been discovered . —Car / iste Patriot .
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Sxsamers are running from Hull to Hamburgh twice a -week . "Utrecht . —It appears from the rsport of the Estates of the province of Utrecht , that the population amounted on the 1 st of January , 1843 , to 247 , 915 souls . ThsBcssiaS aSMT being employed on the St . Petersburgh and Moscow Railway is now confirmed , bo that the line is likely to be prosecuted -with -vigour . Thb 3 exgias Rah way traffic for April , it 643 , 398 francs , £ 25 , 736 ; number of passengers , 783 , 277 ; goods' traffic , £ 9 , 273 . THE Espobt of coal from Bristol has fallen from 3 , 614 tons in the year 1841 , to 2 , 481 tons in 1843 , -or nearly one-half ! It IS ASSEB . TE © that the Prussian Government has suggested to the states of the German confederation a central system of railway administration on toe plan of Zollverein or Customs Union .
As SOMB persons-were shooting at a mark near the Tillage Pierrefitte , near St . Danli , lately , a ball struck a pebble on the ground , and , rebounding , penetrated the left breast of a young girl of eighteen , standing at some distance , and killed her instantaneously . Posth-astebs lending ne-wspapers , -which pass through their hands , for the purpose of being read , if proved to the satisfaction of the Postmaster-General , -win be dismissed . Shocking . — -A man named Pizgerald ¦ was committed from Worship-street , on a charge of selling , for prime Dorset butter , a pan of cart grease , covered over on the top -with a coating of the genuine article . Several persons bsve by Has means i > een , impO 3 ed upon . f Os dit , Oat Sir B . Peel has intimated to Ihe Bishop of London the settled determinatian of Government to pet down th * Pnsey movement , and that we shall shortly hear of the supersedeas-ing of Bishops as well as Magistrates . :
35 ose " Deaj > Weight . "—An order in Council has just been made , under -wnich thirty pursers are to be permitted to retire oa the half-pay of 8 s . 6 d . per diem . The Board of Admirality -will select those whose qualifications coma ap to the role laid down by their Lordships . The increased half-pay commenced from the 1 st of July . *• Fbeb Bobs Bbitoss . "—Five men were committed from Lambeth-street to the Honse of Correction , fer refusing to do the -work required of them bj the Board of Guardians of the Stepney Union . They com . plained bitterly of being allowed nothing for breakfast but dry bread , being kept at-woik grinding glass till so late an hour in the day that it was impossible to get to any -work out of the union house .
Bad News fob the Ikon Trade . —The Cotarier de Lyon states that -water-pipes made of thick glass , covered -with a coating of bitumen , and made to insert into each other -with bitumen joints , are being manufactured at Rive-de-Gier . These pipes will , it is asserted ; bear a higher degree of pressure than those of cast iron , and are 30 per cent cheaper Sisgbxar Tact . —At the Burgess Hill station , near Nottingham , a nest , filled with young birds iof the * water--wag-tail kind ) -was discovered under the rail over -which the traffic is daily passing , and it is some-¦ what extraordinary that neither the old birds nor the young * one * take any alarm at the engine and carriages thundering over them . Since it was discovered , it has bees placed under the especial care of the policeman of that station .
Number op Newspapers at pbesesi Pvb-11 SHED IS DIFFEBBKT PaBTS OF THE WORLD . — In Spain there are twelve newspapers ; in Portugal , seventeen ; in Switzerland , thirty-six ; in Russia and Poland , eighty-fonr ; is Holland , 150 ; in Great Britain , nearly 30 »; in Prussia , 283 ; In the other Germanic States , 305 ; in Australia , nine ; in Asia , twenty-seven in Afnca , twelve ; in America , 1 . 138 . The total number of newspapers published in Europe is 2 , 1 ^ 8 . At TJ > 'J >\* , in Friule , a poor man suffering under the agonising torture of hydrophobia , was cured with draughts of vinegar given him by mistike , instead of another potisn . A physician at Padua got intelligence of thiB event , and tried the same remedy npon
a patient at the hospital , administering a p « und of vinegar in the morning , another at noon , and a third at sunset , and the man waa speedily and perfectly cored . Kailwat Traffic . —The fallowing is a calculation of the weekly returns of forty-one railways 1 , 519 miles in length : —Number of passengers on twenty-six railways , 367 , 626 , consequently the total for the week most be above 500 , 000 . The receipts for passengers for fortyone railways , £ 78 , 860 is . ltd .: ditto for goods on lhirty- * bc railways , £ 22 , 451 7 s . Id . ; £ 101 , 311 9 ft . 6 d . This is aa average of £ 66 f per mile per week . The traffic , therefore , is certainly at the rate of about four millions and a half a year , and carrying twenty millions of passengers .
Extraordisaiit Fish . —A man , named Hawtry , who was trolling a short time since in the Thames , at Clewer , near Windsor , hooked one of the largest pikes ever caught in ihe river ; and , after skilfully ** plsying" with the pike for npwards of an hour and a half , he at length landed it safely on ihe bank , but not withont considerable difficulty , being alone , and unprovided with so necessary an aid as a landing gafL This enormous fish , which has jost been stuffed as a great enriosity , weighed nowards of 30 lbs , and is three feet seven inches and a half in length ! Mr . 3131 s , hanker , of Lombard-street , who was " spinning" in the Thames , from a punt , on Saturday last , caught , in the course of the afternoon , between WindsorandDatehet bridges , three splendid trout , in beautifnl condition , which weighed npwards of 25 fbs . A barbel was also hookEd r aad landed , near Batch et , two feet ten incheB long , and weighing 24 lbs .
Exzraordiju&t Lobster . —A lobster was parchased at Billingsgate last week whieh measured in lengih two feet five inches and a half—the size of the body was sixteen inches , and the claws measured upwards of fourteen inches . Altogether it was the handsomest specimen of the kind ever exhibited in Billingsgate market . A Fatal Legact . —An inquest was held on Saturday at tne Captain Cook , Mannan-street , Commercial-road , before Mr . Baker , on the body of Frederick Bentlej , ated 30 . Deceased had been a publican , and having had a considerable sum left him by a relation , gave np business with the intention of living privately . Since he got possession of the property , he had not , the witnesses said , been sober for » single
day , but Sled his pockets with money and treated indiscriminately all he met . Thursday morning he was seen leaning against & house in Bacfe-rpad , St . George ' s , bleeding from the nose and month . He was then intoxicated , and said as well as he could that he thought he had broken a blood-vessel . He was taken to a surgery , where attempts were made to administer medicine bat withont success and he was conveyed home , hut before entering the house he expired . A surgeon said that a continued course of drunkenness , aad consequently great excitement , was the cause of the inpture ef the vessel from . which he died . "V erdict— " Died from the bursting of a blood-vessel caused by excessive drinking . '
A Sikgitlab . Phksowenob appeared in the harbour ef Taletta , at Malta , lately , the water suddenly rising to the height of three feet , and overflowing the works of the new dry dock ; it almost immediately fell five-feet and a half ; dnriugthis period a very strong carrent was running out of the harbour , which the boatmen conid scarcely stem . It is supposed this circumstance must have occurred through some earthquake at a remote distance . The hamb of the Penitentiary at Millbank has been changed to Millbank Prison , and placed tinder the superintendence of inspectors . The practice of -nsifing jnstioes has been discontinued , and magistrates have now no power over the internal management of ibe place . These alterations have been effected by an Act whieh
came into operation on the-27 tb nit ,, entitled , " An Act for regulating fte Prison At MjUbank . " Erglkh Latst a Great Respecter qs Persohs . —On Wednesday Sir Thomas Phillipps , Bart ., of Middle Hill , near Broadway , late Mayor of Newport , MonmonthEhire , was indicted at onr Connty Sessions , in conjunction with two persons named Faulkner and Fletcher , for misdemeanour , in assaulting one Thomas Cooper , a tax collector , in the execution of his duty . The offence -was dearly eub-Etantiated agaiuKi the principal , Sir Thomas Phillips , wio "WB . fi foBDd gnllty OI " S common assault , out the evidence against Faulkner and Fletcher wa 3 so slight that the Jnry acquitted them . Sir Thomas Phillipps was punished by a fine of £ 10 , which of course 3 vas paid immediately , and there was an end of
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tho ' -t ^ . It Tv ^ i be reen by the rcT > " ? t of the trial that . Sir Thomas was -seated on the ^ eu-ch with » hc maj ; i - > ra ' : c 3 whil ^ it took plare , and tbac hi- codt-fevda-n-. d Fat w th him ; that h , he was sentndun the Brrch as a usen ^ b ; rtof the very Court which fried him . and , for all ihe means the public have cf knowing to the contrary , might have voted in the Gvnsitm of magistrates -which took place on the questioa whether ho should be fim d « £ 10 or £ 20 . The fact of Sir Thomas Phillipps , appearing as he did in the character of a person against whom a Grand Jury had returned a tiue bill foT misdemeanour ia assaulting a Queen ' s officer , sitting on the Bench with his Judges , is a firoof of the observation prefixed in tne shape off heading to this article , that
English law is a great respecter of persons . Had the Baronet and his co-defendants been allowed to sit beside their counsel , ii would have been the only concession which ought to have been extended to them , and which , according to any practise of the Conrt in cases where persons of the better class are concerned , they could possibly have expected , But we shall make the respect for perBonB more apparent by contrasting this cas ^ with the treatment of Win . Gromm , a millwright , who was indicted for an assault on a peace officer at Kidderminster , the only difference between his case and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps being that there were not the slightest grounds for the charge against Gomxn , who , bo far from having committed any assault on the policeman ,
appears to have given him a very proper and well merited castigatioa for ^ hi s interference in a matter which did not concern him ; an interference held by the Court to be ont of the performance of bis duty , and which tho Jury , hy their instant verdict of not guilty , fu ! 3 y confirmed . Bat Gomm answered to his name in the prisoner's dock . He was not allowed to sit by the magistrates'who were trying him , nor even beside the barrister who appeared on his behalf , though the verdict of the Jury , pronounced clearly in accordance with the summing up of the Chairman , absolved him of the charge against , him . Sir Thomas Philllpps , accused and found guilty of assaulting an officer of her Majesty ' s revenue in the execntion of" his duty , rises from the
magistrates' bench on which he sat during his trial , to receive uentenee for the offence . The charge against Sir Thomas Phillipps , tho baronet , and the charge against William Gomm , the working man , -were of the same nattiTe—the one was found guilty , the otheri purged of all offence—yet the baronet , who was found guilty , waa allowed to sit in the seat of honour in the midst of his Judges , while the labouring man " , who was declared guiltless , was made to hold up his hand in the felon ' s dock , and there await the verdict of tho Jury . We think after this no one will be so hardy as to deny the truth of onr text , that English law is a great respecter of persons . Sir Thomas Phillipps waB fined £ 10 for the offence of which he was convicted . The utter
inadequacy of the punishment must be apparent to the least reflecting observer . What punishment is a fine of £ l 0 t levied on a person like Sir Thomas Phillipps I Is it any putfisfinvent at all ! Cannot every one of our readers call : to mind cases where poor ignorant working people , not an educated and a learned , and by comparison with them , certainly rich gentleman , have bsen sentenced to three months at the treadmill for assaulting police officers . Such things are of too frequent occurrence not to be in the recollection of all the public who pay the least attention to these matters . To fine a person of Sir Thomas Phillipps station and means . £ 10 for assaulting a collector of taxes , —an officer , be it observed , of the Queen ' s Ma jesiy and armed in that
behalf with very summary powers , —is about equivalent to fining a poor labourer , who earns twelve or fourteen shillings a week by patient toil , sixpence for assaulting a policeman . But , if law is to be t qual for rich and poor , then calculating the poor labourer ' s fine at £ 5 for snob an offence , the man of rank and fortune onght to pay £ 500 , or in proportion to the ratio in which his means exceed those of the labourer . Unless this be done , and we all very well know it ia not done , this system of punishment by fine is as unequal and unjust , as it is to place one offender in the cnminal docs , while another is allowed to sit cheek by jowl with the very persons who are trying , and may be called on to sentence him . — Worcestershire Chronicle . — [ This said Sir Thomas Phillips was Mayor of Newport , at the time of the Welsh outbreak ; and as snch , he was extremely active in visiting fupon Johs Fbost all the * ' vengeance of
the Jaw . Ho received his " Sirvship for his efforts on that occasion . ' On a charge of making war on the Queen ' s person , in the person of her representatives , the tToops , Johm Frost was sentenced to be HtJSG and QUARTERED ! and he had the cruel indignity inflicted upon him of being compelled to seethe scaffold on which the inhuman butchery waa intended tojhave been perpetrated , buiided before his eyes . For making war upon the Queen ' s representative , the Ineeme-tax collector , Sir Thomas Phillips was fined £ 10 , while seated on the judumeufc feat ] Verily , a " name" makes all the diff rence ! John Frost ' s offence vr as called " treason , " and he was sent to horde among thieves and outcasts , after ho had been trrated as before detailed ; Sir Thomas PhilliDS ^ s offence was called an " assault " ami £ 10 satisfies cash-needing Justice ! How would Frost have fared , had ha been a " Sir" ?]
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XETTEBS FBOM THE MOUNTAINS . BErXG A SERIES OF LETTERS PROM AN OLD MAN IK THECOUKIRV , TO A 1 OUKG MAN IN DUBLIN . From " The Beauties of the Press : * " a selection of original Articles , Essays . 4 ' ° ^ which originaUy appeared in ihe ' Pbess" nevspaper , established in Ireland by Arthur O'Connor , afler ike forcible suppression of the Northern Star by ihe CovernmenW } Letter IV . Necessity is called the tyrant ' s plea . It must be worse than tyranny , that cannot plead even necessity . Can the present managers of our theatre of calamity plead necessity as a justification of the horrors into which they have plunged us ?—No ; three
measuresconcession to the Catholics—even the shadow of a Parliamentary Reform—6 om 6 amelioration In the cod ~ ditiowof th « peasantry : these would have fully pacified the country , without impairing ibe just prerogatives or the crown , or destroying that vigour of government , of which some among us are such admirers . The Irish people were not prone to Insurrection . The peasantry , in general , are an indolent , much-enduring race , subirissive to their superiors , even to an excess of sex . vility . The extremity of oppression and misery alone could destroy the implicit veneration and terror , with which they had been taught to view rank and property —and to rouse them to violation of law , and to outrage on their task-masters , who , when they asked for bread , gave them a stone . We shall be ' apt to think that the complaints of the ; people have some good foundation , when we consider the parts of the kingdem
which have been pointed out , and punished , as the chief seats of seditun , the fountain head of disaffection . Are they not the most sober , industrious , and enlightfcned parts of the island ? What are the descriptions of people who have been marked ont for proscription and perecntion ?—Not a Calaline , not a Cethegus—not the libertine populous of luxurious capitals ; but the 'humble peasant , the plain farmer , the frugal manufacturer , the sober rational merchant , and the pious teacher of the Christian faith- Thes * are not the materials , let me tell the werld , of which wanton rebellion is composed- They are great and crying grievances alone , that can call from their retirements the sons of sobriety , industry and peace , and lead them to join the bands of disaffection . Prom these premises , I conclude that the occasions of severity , ; the pretences for supercedine the laws were courted by our present rulers .
Terror and coersion being introduced , as the principles of government , every part of society is rilled wita danger and suspicion—the circulation of thought is destroyed ; the intercourse of life is poisoned ; all expressions of ihe public wish , the surest guarantee against secret conspiracy , is un-wisely prohibited . In one county , the gentry and freeholders , legally convened by the Sheriff to exercise the constitutional right of petitionicg their Sovereign , were actually dispersed by an firmed force . Meetings for a Bimilar pnrpoBfwere prevented in other eouuiies , and in the second city of this country , by menaces of military execution . Government has adopted arbitrary imprisonment of the most peaceable and respectable Individuals , for indefinite times , and isithout knowledge of their accuser , intimation of their offence , or hope of trial . If there can be any plausible reasozzs alledged for dispensing with some of the formalities of law in the arrestment of persons who are supposed to be disaffected—none can ,
surely be offered for any wanton delay in the examination , according to the course of law , of their guilt or innocence . It is to be feared that such conduct may terminate in the rendering of many persons disaffected , who were loyal previous to their commitment An impriBonment for nine or ten months , on s charge unspecified and unfennt ?« 3 , throngh the suggestion of a perjured and villainpns accuser , fished np from the very sink of the community with all his impurities reeking on bis head , will not improve the loyalty and good temper of the sufferer . Can we wonder if men of warm tempera and strong resentment , who in themselves or their near connections , are marked ont as the objects of severe persecution , should be guilty ? of some rash and unguarded expressions ? Is it not to be ftared that a continuance of rigour may suppress the outward form and expression of discontent , by the present influence of terror , but will leave a deep rooted disaffection secretly rankling in the mind t '
I We were led to hope that the ayatem of espionage and proscription Wuuld have been relaxed and mitigated , on a view of the dreadful and detested harvest of perjury it has produced . Ithas been proved , not in one ,-or two , or a small number of instances ; but with a strange uniformity through every part of the country , at the last aiid the preceding assizes , that a ' n infamous trsfBo in blood prevailed . How many innocent and " ^ pectable persons , who had been torn from their Homes , their honest industry , and their dearest connexions , and languished in dungeons for man ; months , have been acquitted on the clearest and most satisfactory evidence—and resigned their places in the dock to the very witnesses against them , who have been convictedof -wilful and corrupt perjury—perjnry of the blackest die—to destroy the lives and characters of guiltless men , for hire l What disgraceful scenes have
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been disclosed ! . what foul conspiracy ! what int . ; : > - i rTrtfl thirst of blood ! what evidence extorted by f i ¦¦ I extremity of turturv ! Ought not tho «< ht uf all 1 this to have produwd some consiueiation nnd compunction ? Ou ^ ht it not to have { jrodactU some cessation of that 'rigour abovo law , displaying Irsolf m preventive persecution and cautionary cruelty ? S ° ^ L 2 L ¥ areis ° « the iron rod have inquired whetherJtbe freight of information ; and informere , which they had bought or manufactured , with no small pains to themselves , and coat to the publb . was not a base and unprottUkbla kind of merchandize ? Ought they not to have supposed Jt not only possible , but highly probable thaft those respectable and virtuous persons who have been singled . oat as martyrs in the cause of
freedom , and pined weary monthB in severe captivity , may have been torn from their homes and families , from the enjoyment of domestic comfort and the pnrauit of useful and laudable occupations , on thejvenal deposition of a forsworn Infotmer , or the vague suggestion of weak credulity ? The * recorded examples of artificial aJar / n and cruel folly which were exhibited to England when a whole nation was the dupe , and so many innocent people were the jvictims of the infamous Gates and hi « vile accomplices s—shall these be forgotten as if they were erased from the page of hiBiory t . Who that recollects how many perished by their monstrous fictions , equally gross , improbable and circumstantial , could suppose It possible that such tragedies could be repeated in a humane and enlightened age ? Yet . houses have
been forced open , iu the dead hour of the night ; their owners have been hurried away with circumstances of uncommon outrage ; they have not been allowed even the poor consolation of bidding farewell to their weeping fABiiliea j they have been kept in filthy guard-rooms , amidst the nois 6 and ribaldry of common soldiers . Some of the objects of these severities , after many days of Buffering , have been wholly discharged , or Buffered to dapart on theb parole—others have been detained whole months and then reluctantly liberated , though their innocence was apparent . As the imprisonments were without mercy , so the releases were without clemency , and ne-wjarrests so closely followed them , that one might suppose the former captives had been discharged only through want of house room In the bastile of the country .
I cannot pass unnoticed a Bingular kind of reeognizince , which was lately introduced , in flome instances by ¦ which person ' s were obliged , as the condition of obtaining freedom ; , to bind themselves in a penal form to quit a certain district or county . Tho only instance which I can find parallel , or in any de gree similar to this curious device , is what was practiced in Scotland by the wicked aud tyrannical Lauderdaie , To engage the gentry on the ; side of the persecutors , a bond or contract was , by order of the Privy Council , tendered to the landholders of the West , by which they were to engage fox the good behaviour of their tenants . Bat it ¦ was ridiculous ( aa Hume justly remarks ) to give sanction to laws by voluntary obligations .
The reign of Cbailes 11 . inglorious abroad , and oppressive at home , bears a striking analogy in many particulars , to the present times . Much of the history of what passed in Scotland at that period in particular , would appear with the mere variation of names , to be a faithful picture of what is now passing in Ireland . The Scottish Covenanters resembled the United Irishmen of the present day . in their union , and their perseverance ; and they were , like them , decried , villiaed , and persecuted . Take ( for instance ) this extract : " As it was found difficult to get evidence against these conventicles , however , l . umerous ; it was enacted , that whoever , being required by the council , refused to give evidence
on oath , should be punished by arbitrary flues , by imprisonment , or by banishment to the plantations . Thus as persecution naturally , or rather necessarily adorns the iniquities as well as the rigours of the inquisition ; what a considerable part of the society consider as their duty and their honour , and that others are apt to legard with compassion aud indulgence , can by no other expedient be subjected to such severe penalties , as the natural sentiments of mankind appropriate only to the greatest crimes . " Here the inquisitorial power of sending for persons and compelling them to give information under pain or arbitrary imprisonment , is bestowed in a much more d&ngeious latitude , on the singlo magistrate . :
To what real cause or motive are we to ascribe the present system of severity ? To the overbearing insolence of conscious strength , exulting over the feelings of the people , and despising their resentment , or to the influence of secret terror ? . certain it is , that no passion is more cruel and sanguinary , than panic fear : be that as it may , the history of what passed in Scotland furnishes an example of military coercion , perfectly similar to that which prevails in Ireland at this day . " Military force ( says Hume ) was let louse by the council . Wherever the people bad generally forsaken the churches , the guards were quartered throughout the country . Sir James Turner commanded them , a man whose natural ferocity of temper , { was often irflinjed by the use of strong liquors . He went about and received from the
clergy , lists of those who absented themselves from church , or were supposed to frequent conventicles . Without proof or legal conviction , he demanded a fine from them , and quartered soldiers on the supposed delinquents , till he received payment . " ( Now , indeed , instead , af the supposed delinquents paying a fine , he is committed to prison , or sent on board a tender . What do I say ? ttiia is mercy ! His house is burned , and be is phot ) . —Again— " A multitude not accustomed to discipline , averse to 'the restraint of laws , traiae / 1 up in rapine and violence , were let loose amidst a people , whom th' * y were taught to regard as enemies to their prince and to their religion . Nothing escaped their raveuons bands . By hardships , and sometimes by tortures men were obliged to discover their concealed wealth . Neither age , uor sex , nor innocence afforded protection . " , What ; waa the end of all this in Scotland ? The loug-sufferlng and firmness of the people prevailed .
Just so it , is in Ireland ; the soldiery are let loose on the people What will be the event ? ***—It is said that the United Irishmen , though they pretend only to a Reform in Parliament , are the secret friends of anarchy , and wish jto make this country- the seat of ¦ war . What ia the temedy ? I will not compare the military with the tJnitea Irishmen—I vrill not say , that they outrage the persons of his Majesty ' s liege aubjectu ; that they plunder and destroy their dwellings . Far ba it from me to aay , that some of the Yeotnanty aifiuflie , with the gath aud functions of the common soldier , a spirit of unprincipled ferocity , and breathe out rage that would disgrace a Creta or ft Tartan . Yet ce : tainly though we may givegovernment all possible credit for good intentions , tne country ia in a state of uncommon misery . Every hour brings forward some tale of rapine , murder , and ; every hostile aggression ; sometimes perhaps againtt the disaffected , too often against the peaceable aud unoffending .
The military having now supercedsd the civil authority , and being invested with the whole preservation of internal order and care of the police in most parts of Ireland , they have I thought fit to shew themselves worthy of the impartant charge , by loyal addresses from the non-commissioned officers and privates of the different regiments .. 1 will not intimate that Government may possibly be deceived by those solicited , or even extorted adddrekses , that fill tbe public prints at the expence of the public , and are , no doubt , accounted for among the army extraortliuaries . I will not even hint that tbe addresses in question may , in many instancea , have been obtained fey a certain mixture of menace and blandislJiiieiit—i will suppose them the spontaneous , untutored declaration of the men
themselves . Yet still I am of opinion , that to the obtaining of this loyalty on paper , much of tbe solid discipline of the army has been sacrificed . I hold it unwise to accustom large bodies of illiterate mercenaries , to debate on political affairs in arms . Britain , rich , ambitious , and luxurious , graspini ? at conquests beyond her means and population , and at the Rime time seeking to overawe the discontents of tho people , by a niillitary force at home , iB obliged to ( maintain a numerous host of mercenaries . The history of mankind tt Us us , that every government , every country , that wholly depends on a mercenary force , falls the victim of tbat which was hired to BUpport it . The navy of England has given an alarming iitiniafion of the dangers of htr situation ; aud I will venture to predict that tbe storms in that quarter are not fully overblown . :
It is not by outrageous penalties and sanguinary laws , of a new constitutional form , that these perils may be averted . It is by securing the affections of the people , by attention to their wants and complaints , by obtaining peace abroad , and rendering a numerous military force unnecessary , that these perils are to be averted . Believe me if the military are set above law—are invested with the whole civil authority , and police of the law—if they are , at the same time , freed from the restraints of discipline , and turned at largo to scourge tbe people , they need no corrupted . They corrupt themselves—they are already corrupted ;—they will soon turn the power and license , which were giveD them for the oppression of the people , agaiust their employers , and tyrannise - over those , who hoped , by their means , to tyrannise aver the multitude .
The mention of military force naturally leads 1110 to the yeomanry of Ireland , Which I still wish to consider as distinguished from ; mere mercenaries . This institution was a favourite of the Viceroy , and the Bight Hon . Secretary . iParti of the Irish Cabinet , if I am truly informed , apprehended it to be a dangerous experiment , and opposed it in its first concoction ; tut superior authority prevailed , and it went forward . What advantages ( you will ask me , ) did the ; patrons of this measure , in their own private thoughts , propaee to themselves ? Their necret aim , as I apprehend , was twofold . In the first place , they meant to establish a Binothered war , originating to a system of coercion , between the opulent and tbe poor of this country . In the next place , they wished to lay down a line of
demarcation , on plausible grounds , to introduce badges and ensigns of party , to raise a standard round which tbe adherents of the ) present Administration might rally—nay , more , to attach a degree of disgrace on all those who should refuse to crowd around this standard , b y exhibiting them as persons disaffected or cowardly , who we re wanting to the defence of their country . There was much cunning and stability in the plan ; and in some measure ^ has succeeded , and contributed more than any other cause , to strengthen tbe bands ef government , and to embolden It for the terrible egressions against the people , and the grievoios , intolerably grievous system © 1 coercion which has been adopted . — I shall pursue this subject in a future letter—meanwhile believe me your sincere friend , MONTANUS .
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HOL'SE OF LORDS . —Friday , July 7 . On tho motion of the Earl ofDALiioisiE the Canada Cora Bill was read a third tim ^[ and passed . The Earl of Aberdeen postponed the next stage of tbe Scotch Church Bill till Tuesday . The Bishop of Salisbury presented a petition from the Archdeaconry of Salisbury ] praying for the estebliaument of a Bishopric in Manchester . The Archbishop of Dublis presented a petition from certain persons connected with New Zealand , against the introduction into that colony , on tho part of the Government , of individuals who had been tianaparted for felony . I
Lord WHABKCLIFFe said the only conviots sent thither were boys , and they had given great satisfaction in the settlement . ) Lord Brougham then meved the secondreading of the Slave-trade Suppression Bill , jwhich led to some discussion , and the motion was agreed to . The Limitation of Actions ( Ireland ) Bill then went through Committee , and will be read a third time on Monday . Their Lordships adjourned at Nine o'clock .
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HOUSE OF COMMONS!—Friday , July 7 . The Town 8 hend Peerage Bill waa read a third time and passed . Two petiouB were presented from tbe shipowners of the ports of London aud Scarborough , against the Coalwhippers Bill . j Mr . T . Duncombe presented a remonstrance from the London National Association , | complaining that the House of Commons did not represent the feelings of the country . J Tbe Speaker intimated that , a remonstrance could not be leceived , unless it came ia the form of a petition . Mr . Duncombe said he had referred to precedents , and found that a remonstrance ¦ ; oold be received , if it concluded with a prayer . After ! a brief conversation ,
The Speaker Baid if the House would postpone the question , fae would refer to precedents ; and the House adopted the suggestion . | In answer to a question from Mr . Christie , tho Membet for Weymoutb , the Attorney-General said it waa bis intention to proceod with ithe Law of Evidence Bill this session . j SirJ . Graham , in answer to a question from Mr . T . Duncombe relative to an intended measure for giving tbe home Secretary concurrent ; jurisdiction with the magistrates as to the authority over officers of prisons , said , in the course of the session he would introduce a Bill en the subject . \
Sir R . Peel , in reference to remarks made by Sir K . Ferguson abuut tbe Irish Bills , said it was a matter ef deep regret to him that legislation should be suspended as regarded not only these B'Us , but others , and he did not know what power tb ! e Government could exercise to put an end to this [ obstruction The Government had no control over the actions of individual Members . 1 Sir James GttAHASI said the Government were most anxious to presss on the Ecclesiastical Courts Bill and tbe County Courts Bill , but be could not say when they would again come under discussion . Sit R . Peel announced that jon Menday it was his intention to move tbe Committee on the Irish Arms Bill , and to take precedence of all others .
The adjourned debate on the redress of grievances ( Ireland ) was then resumed . The' first speaker was Mr . Cochrane . " Conciliation , " he said , was the wisest policy to adopt towards Ireland . [ Mr . Ward complimented Mr . Gochranefor the kindly spirit which prevaded his speech | But the formidable organization going on in Ireland waa not to be put down by kind speeches ; neither ] were the grievances , alleged in the speech of Mr . W . S . O'Brien , to be met by such a reply as that of LoTd Eliot's , ou Tuesday night ; for the Secretary for Ireland , notwithstanding his humane and honourable character , treated the subject as if he were discussing the betails of » turnpike bill , and in deprecating the agitation , repeated official
language with respect to Ireland of sixty years ago . Mr . O'Conuell , who boasted of having three provinces with him , and a great portion of ] tbe north , was now chalking out his plan for a Congress to meet " accidentally" in Dublin , pledging his reputation that he will drive the 300 members of his ' \ accidental" Congress through any Act of Parliament that might be brought against them . Something , therefore , the Government roust do . The spirit of nationality waa now tar mote difficult to be dealt with , seeing the population of Ireland had increased from four millions to eight ; and to allay tbe mass of discontent , ] something practical should be attempted . The tenant muat be protected from the landlord ; the franchise must be enlarged ;
the Church should be reduced within reasonable limits , saving existing rights ; that Establishment was the great obstruction to peace and harmony between the two countries , and would continue so until Ireland was treated like England aud Scotland , each of which had a church for the respective ! majorities . It was impossible that Ireland could be left as it is ; you may adopt a reckless and sanguinary policy , resuscitate the old cry of " No Poperyi from its unhallowed grave , and create a war of races ( and religions ; or a large and conciliatory policy , satisfying the people , and subduing an agitation which nothing else can , and which , so long as it exists , exposed us to the observation and the attempts of every j country in Europe .
Mr . Emerson Tennent arranged the topics of complaint under two beads , the first of which , the maintenance of the Established Church , was too important to be incidentally discussed . If the Irish Established Church were to be surrendered , because of tbe dissent of a majority , tha English Establishment must be prepared to be tried by the same test . The Union had been accepted by Ibe Protestants , and agreed to by the Roman Caibolksi as a guarantee for the security of the Established Church ; and though another condition , that of Catholic Emancipation , bad been 89 long delayed , that did not affect the contract deliberately entered into , and repeatedly confirmed on the part Of the Roman Catholics '; and if they were
prepared to retract their solemn engagements , they ought also to surrender the advantages which had been conceded to them on the pledge of their faith . SirDENUAM NeRREYS replied Jthat they were not discussing tbe Repeal of the Union , but the evils of Ireland , of which , from his own knowledge , be adduced some practical illustrations , chitfly beating on the ownership and occupancy of tbe soil , tbe remedy of which Was on improvement of the relations between landlord and tenant , and so removing the discontents of the peasantry , as to lead to that tranquillity which caused capital to flow inte the country , and promote manufactures , for which it presented such facilities .
Mr . Iascelles briefly dwelt on [ the importance and justice of governing Ireland impartially , which he thought the policy of the administration aimed at . Mr . More O'Ferrall traced the agrarian outrages to insecurity of tenure , and the exjsreise of the power of ejectment over £ wretched class ; aud asked for a law , similar to that whieh prevailed in Scotland , by which a tenant may be secured in Obtaining the means for outlay of capital in improvements . He did not approve of the Repeal of the Union ; bat were Government to go to war with Ireland to p , ut down the agitatson , and to call on all loyal subjects to aid them , be , for one , would firefe consider what had been done to retain their affections .
Mr . Shaw expressed his amazement that the changes should be so continually rung upon tjhe appointments of Baron L froy and Judge Jackson ; and cited Mr . O'Connell as to whether the Whk ; s were more likely to satisfy tbe Repealers than the Tories . The idea of the substitution of ' Russell" for "Pdel" was auswered by Mr . OConnfcll with " Bah !—Whig kid Tory might all be shaken up in a bag together , [ and the first man drawn out would prove an enemy , to Ireland . " Mr . Shaw defended the Irish landlords ] -, and argued that the question raised as to the Established Church was really whether it was to bo subverted—to which he apprehended tbe people of England jWi-re not likely to asree . The character of the Protestant clergy of
Ireland Was high ; there Were 2 , 200 with an average income of £ 150 each : and even tbe Catholics would admit that , as well educated resident gentlemen , they Were a blessing to the country . The Union and the Church must stand or fall together . ( The multitudinous assemblages in Ireland inspired terror in well-disposed subjects , and disturbed the public peace , and therefore were illegal ; the late Dublin demonstration , and the language used by Mr . O Connell , cume within this description ; aud it was impossible that the Governmeat could stand stilJ , wit ^ sing the progress of an agitation which might had to bloodshed and rum , and which ought to fee firmly met by a vigorous admmistra-° Mr . Macaulat remarkrJ bow ineffi ? ently the Goverameut was defended—supported and opponents alifee censuring its policy . The present wide-spread discontent must be largely traced to the Ministry and
its pirty : from 1835 to 1841 this Repeal agitation did not exist . Sir Robert Peel had uuquestionably a great •? difficulty" in Ireland . Amongst the party supporting him was to be tsuna the name of every man who had rendered himself odious to the Irish people—all who had resisted emancipation , all who | had sounded the alarm when Catholics were admitted into tbe Government , every creature who had called ] the Irish Bishops " sons of Belial , " and every scribbler , who had termed their priests " surpliced ruffians . " Remember how they harrased the late Government on ] the subject of the registration and the franchise , admitting no delay ; and now ia the Government they find that delay is essential , for their measure turned out one of ] disfranchiscment . It was impossible not to see through all this ; tbe remit proved that political probity was the beat policy . Sir Robert Peel used to lecture on the inconvenience of
a ministry which permitted " open questions ; " yet , in constructing bis Irish Government he has taken two individuals diametrically opposed in their views ; Lord Eliet as secretary , and Mr . Serjeant Jackson as Attorney-General , who , on the subject of [ education , edified the House by tba beat Parliamentary " . set-to" which had been witnessed for some time . 1 Sir ' Robert Peel bad endeavoured to govern Ireland aa well as he could ; but Sir James Graham , as Home-Secretary , waa practically the Ir-sh Minister , and he had not only declared that " conciliation Ihad reached Its utmost limits , " bat if words had any meaning , he
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ujJ also txpressad his regret that Gitbolic emancipa twa had been granted- What bad tba GJVsrniMen docs siiice teis agitation commenced ? Proposed aa Arms BUI , into wbicb new and irritating provisions were introduced , aud dissmissed mc ^ istratea on ground unconstitutional . These were tbe only acts they bad performed I Conciliation bad not been exhausted ; bu aa to tho Repeal of the Union , nil history was sub stantialiy opposed to the experiment of two indepea dent legislatures harmonfzing . Oa fixity of tenure , ha would rataor learn than teach ; but some of the plans which had been proposad were useless , aud others were neither more nor less than confiscation . But they could manifest confidence in the Catholics by letting theat share in office and power ; even if those they appointed were soiiiew . hat opposed to them in politics , it was but a small penance for the long exclusion of the past . The elective franchise was another matter for consideration .
Aa to the Established Church of Ireland , he defied them to pick oat , from the writings of any authority whatever , let aim be the stauchest supporter of establishments , anything which would justify the present condition of the Irish Established Church . He would not destroy it : but , respecting all vested rights , be would reduce ths establishment to the wants of the Protestants , and place t&o two religions on a , footing of perfect equality . Why was it , that under unfavourable circumstances there had been no agitation for a Repeal of the Union with Scotland?—a union which bad been so complete and successful . The secret lay ia the fact that the great Whig statesmen who surrounded the throne of Queen Anne oad recognised the national religion of Scotland . A similar course with Ireland would have spared us to all our present embarrassment . Bat it was not too late to adopt a conciliator ; policy .
Sir James Graham , referring to the expressions which he used three weeks ago , expressed his regret that anything , in word or manner , should have given offence . He did not regret the course he had taken on tbe subject of Catholic Emancipation , and denied that tbe party wish whom he acted had any other feeling , in witnessing Catholies in effice , than that of satisfaction . It was mere word-catching to fasten tin his expressisns about conciliation : he did not mean to imply that concession could not be carried further . Mr . Macaulay Ead converted the discussion into a party debate , although it related to so important a subject . He proceeded to defend the Government with respect to tbe dismissal of magistrate , the franchise , the Arms Bill , and the bestowal of Government patronage—on
the latter head contending that their judicial appointments proceeded on professional merits . It was complained that " the voice of Irish Members was not heard in that House . " Such a statement was not consistent with the fact that some cf the greatest ornaments of the House bad been Irishmen , from Burke down to O'Connell and Shiel . In a dull aud listless way , the House scarcely maintaining attention , the Home Secretary touched on various topics , tending to show that Ireland bad not been neglected by the Imperial Legislature ; and adverting to the opinions which had been expressed on tbe subject of the Church , said Mr . Roebuck would subvert it , that Mr . Ward , proceeding ou the principle of population , would deprive the Protestant Establishment ef seven-eights of its property , while Mr . Macaulay argued for perfect equality between the two religions , aud Mr . Charles Wood and Lord John Rureell were more modified . For himself , he could not consent to alienate any portion of
tho revenues of the Church for the endowment of Roman Catholics—the inaintaicence of tbe Church was involved in the articles of Union . He spoke the opinions of all his colleagues when be said they were determined to maintain tbe Establishment . The crisiB was important , and required plain speaking ; the Legislature must not hesitate to express its determined resolution to maintain the Union ; anil if the Government were to conduct the affairs of tbe ceuntry , it was essential that they should be strongly supported , and that their measures should meet no undue obstruction , If England was to maintain its position in the scale of nations , they must be prepared to put down vhe rebellious spirit manifested on the subject of the Repeal of the Union : to suffer it to go on , would drag this country into ruin . Tbe adjournment of the debate was moved ; and aftec some discussion , in which Sir R . Peel promised to give way , on Monday , with Government businesss , in order to let the dfebate be continuously carried on , the adjournment was agreed to .
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Manchester Corn Market , Saiuhdat , July 8 . —Inuring the week a steady demand for Flour of all descriptions has taken off the fresh supplies of this article on arrival , and , the trade bein ^ but light in stock , factors were enabled to establish a further improvement in value , particularly on choice marks aad superfine whites , some quantity of the latter description having realized 41 s per sack . Oatmeal has likewise been in rather better request , but the sales were chiefly in retail , and not extensive . The imports from Ireland and coastwise arj but to a moderato extent .. From Canada 7 , 843 barrols of Fiour , 316 barrels of OatmeaJ , and 643 qrs , of Wheat ,
the first of the season , are reported ; and 500 barrels « f Flour from the United States . The advance noted oa Wheat in the leading markets has had its influence here , and we may raise our quotations 31 to 4 d per 701 bs in accordance . At our market this morning there was a fair attendance of the trade , and Fiour was readily disposed of at fully Is per sack above the rates obtainable on this day se ' naight , confirming the price already noted as realized daring the week . Oat ? continue scarce , and are Id to 2 d per 45 bs-dearer , and the previous value of Oatmeal was firmly supported , some descriptions having reached 22 s per load .
Liverpool Corn Market , Moxday , July 10 . — Since this day se ' nnight we have had very moderate arrivals of British Grain , Flour and Oatmeal . From Canada there are reported 630 qrs of Wheat and 6 , 401 barrels of Flour , the first imports of the season from that quarter . On the whole the weather has been favourable for the crops . Advices , however , of higher prices both in London and tbe leading country markets , have given more firmness to the trade here ; and , upon a fair amount of business , our rates for Wheat have advanced generally 3 d to 4 d per bushel . Foreign Flour most also be noted fully Is per brl higher : 29 * 6 d to 30 a per brl has been paid
for best bounds of American : home manufacture has not improved in proportion . Scanty supplies of Oats continue to pnt ; up their value ; fine Irish mealing have brought 2 s 7 d to 2 s lh , i per 451 bs . Oatmeal has met a fair demand at 2 ls to 22 s per load , the latter price paid for a parcel to hold over . We advance our quotations for Barley 3 d to 4 d perCOlbs , and there is now very little offering . Beans are Is to 2 s , and Peas 2 s to 3 s per qr dearer . A few hundred qrs of the latter have beea sold in bond at 253 to 27 a per qr , and a couple of small parcels of Egyptian Beans and 16 s to 16 s 6 d per 480 lbs . 1 , 000 to 2 . 000 brls of United States Flour have also changed hands under look at 22 s to 23 s per brl .
Liverpool Cattle Market , Monday , July 10 . —The market to-uay has been dull and heavy , with , prices the same as last week . Baef 51 to Qi . Mutton . 5 d to S ^ di Lambs 5 . Jd to 6 | d perlb . Number of Cattle : —Beasts 914 , Sheep aud Lambs 9 , 344 . Richmond , July 8 th . —We had a fair supply of Gxain in our market to-day . Wheat sold from 6 * 6 d to 7 s 3 d ; Oats , 2 s 9 dto 3 sl 0 d ; Barley , 3 i 9 d to 4 g per bushel ; Beans , 3 a 9 d to 4 s 6 d per bushel . London Smith field Cattle Market , Monday , July 10 . —The demand for all kinds of Beef ruled extremely heavy , and the quotations suffered an abatement of quite 2 d per 81 bs ; the very highest
figure , for the best Scots and hsmebreds , Dot exceeding 4 s per 81 bs . The numbers of Sheep brought forward were again extensive . Prime old Downs were very soarce , and commanded full currencies—or from 4 i to 4 a 4 d per Uba ; but the demand for all other kinds was inactive , at barely stationary prices . For Lambs , last week ' s quotations were hardl y maintained . Calves at the late decline in price , ihe highest figure being 4 s 6 d per 81 bs , Neat small Porkers maintained their previous value , but other qualities were a mere drujr . Daring the past week no foreign beasts have reached Hall , Southampton , or London ; but the firat importation has taken p lace at Bristol , where ten heifers have been received , in a sailing vessel , from Nantes .
London Corn Exchange , Mark Lane , Monday , Jujly 10 . —The demand for English Wheat was very active , at an advance in the quotations obtained on Monday last of . fully . 2 s per qr . In fine Foreign Wheat the rates improved from Is to 2 s per qr ; for bonded parcels there was more inquiry . Very little Barley was at market , and the few qualities offering produced full currencies . Good sound Malt sold freely ; other kinds at late rates . Oats at last week ' s figures . Boaus and Peas were quite as dear . The b « st town-made ftonr 48 s per 280 lbs . Ship marks were 2 s higher .
Bobwqh and Swtalfields . —Old Potatoes aria selling at 70 s to 95 s per ton ; but in other descriptions next to nothing is doing . New Potatoes command a brisk sale , at from 33 to 6 " s per owfc . Foreign Potatoes are mostly inferior , and may he purchased at from 2 s 6 d to 4 s per owt . Borough Hop Market . —The accounts which have come to hand , this morning , from the plantations , being of an unfavourable character—aa increase of blight and fly . being complained of—the demand , for most kinds of Hops , ia firm , and the quotations have an upward tendency . In the duty , there is scarcely any betting .
Wool Market . —There has been an unusually large importation of wool into London , during the past week . Nofurther public sales are yet announced ; still , by private contract , a very limited amount of business is passing both iB British and Foreign ^ at barely late rates . Tallow . —The market continues very quiet , with bat little disposition manifested to speculate . The quotation is the same as last i ? eek , but firm , from the circumstance that there is very little Tallow between London and St . Petersburgh . Town Tallow is 393 6 d to 403 .
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Market Intelligence.
MARKET INTELLIGENCE .
Untitled Article
THE N O a T H K RJ ^ ^ T A R j £
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 15, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct490/page/3/
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