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THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY, AUGUST 1-2, 1843.
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TO THE PEOPLE. i
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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jBjararKiXGATu Moos . —Mr _ Beesley leotnred to the pitmen of thlB colliery , on Saturday Ian , and ably demoHstrated that four men , vriih . the aid of Btaentjfie power , could now perform as much work , prodncs as mneh traaltli , * s 16 , 000 men conld do only bob eentttryago . Wa # eu _ E Gbakge Odixd-RT . —The workmen of "WiDgtoe-Grauge colliery , must again trouble yon ¦ wife sn account of sums received irom cur fidlowdaye 3 fdri > Br ^ npj [> ort , » sd also with » statement of fee present dispute . Oar employer ha * published Dottier placard respecting the agreements which ne ¦ wro ted the workmen to wme to . A wefnl examination ottkgsex&eements has shewn ns that they were nearly all in his favour . In to placard
we find that he makes mention of two pits « t this colliery . TUxa is one . In the Lord Pit there is only one rope , which is a hempen one . This , he Bajs , 5 s used for the Tepairs « fihB shaft only- That statement is falsa . There has been a somber of coal hewers in the Lord Pit until a few -weeks back , and likewise a number of sinkers ; ibis rope was used to ~ drawboth coals , water , and stones ; and not for the repair of the shaft only . There were two wire ropesnpoH the other pit for a while . One of them sustained a severe strain by negligence , which © snse 4 « rme of the wires to creak . That rope was takea . off and the ^ her left on the pit . The rope ¦ which was left was taken off abont last Christmas , in ^ eonseqnenee of a split of the strands , abont iifty
fefeoma Jong . It was taken away and sewed , and brought hack again to be used at the colliery ; and that rope is thesnbjeet of dispute , In it there are ax wires bnhen out of ninety-six , the number of ¦ wires eonstimsxx-gthe rope ; the xemamhiE ; wires ao-COrding 10 theempk _ fer * s own account being greatly strained . He has admitted that had "we not seen ihe broken place in tfae « iherrope , hewonldhave concealed it , by bandages of wire , and some coal tar . W « have offered te submit to have the rope tested with sixteen tons upon the pulley over tbe pit , and ¦ with twenty tons at the testing machine . Tbeinnra proposal was a test of twenty tons . _ Ehis offer they have refused . One of the owners of the colliery having proposed to us to select an engineer to
examine the rope , offering to pay-ns onr wages if he condemned it . We hav _ e made such selection , and ihe examination has taken place to-day . We had a 3 ist of nine engineers presented to ua by the owner , to select one oat © f- -with sn intimation that if we Chose any other , we had only to ^ ira notice when he was coining . We did sot choose out of the list ; but fixed upon Mr . ChiokeB , of Monkwearmouth . The following is his decisions—* 'August 7 th , 1843 . This is to certify that the undersigned has examined the wire rope at the Win ^ ate Grange Colliery- I think it is not sufficient to draw coal work . It is well seen thai the rope is damaged , and sot Jit to trnst HTes upon it . XSigned } Thomas Chickek , engineer . ' Acconnt of sums received since our last
communication ;— - ^ Collieries . Haswell ^ 6 18 * . lOd ., Shottonj £ 2 lOa ^ Croxhoe - £ 312 s _ . Eainton £ 316 s . 2 d _ , _ Newboale _ £ l 14 s ., imnley . £ 4 7 s- _ West Aoddand 30 a . 3 fl _ Sonlh Wiugsfte £ 1 22 * . 6 a ., Behnoont £ , 17 a , 2 few Durham £ S 10 a ., Htthyjton £ 2 Is . 6 d-, UorthHenon £ 2 4 s . &L , Leazingtborne Jl 8 a . 6 d ., Bdon 153 . 6 d ., Sbildon Bank I 8 i-8 d _ , Evenwood 34 s . 3 d , Conndon 12 s . Id-, Sberbnra Hill £ 4 5 * . &L , Hefol , £ 1 fe . _ Q _ L , Shmdiff . £ 1 12 = ^ , Hetton £ 1 9 s .,, Semore £ 2 13 = > . 6 dL , Pembertons £ i 2 s _ , Spittal \ Tongues ^ 2 , Seaion Burn 10 s . 23 d ,, WaHsend « £ 2 , Tyneaain £ 1 35 s . 6 d . -North Elswiek . £ l 12 i . 6 i ^\ Sheriff Hill £ 2 5 s ., a friend _ £ 1 , Ouston £ 2 la ., ! Hebbron £ 3 3 * . € d ., Pelton Fell £ 1 , "Walker £ 213 a ., \
Beaton £ 3 12 s . Td , South Pelaw 6 b . 3 d ., Wylasa ¦ As . 4 iL , Ksnton £ 3 , Jiarensworth £ 1 2 fl _ u Martin Jade 5 s _ Heworth £ . 1 8-i _ , two friendg 1 b . 6 d ^ Beamis 3 & _ ^ domsley £ 1 , Sacrlston £ 2 lOs ^ a fiiend £ 1- TAndon £ 15 4 s . l | d ^ Castle Eden £ 7 , Thornley , £ 410 s . 4 d ^ (^ ssop £ 5 3 s ., 3 ielloe £ 3 9 * . * 2 $ d ., Qoarrington Hill £ 2 Isi 9 i ., Hengh Ball £ 20 s . 9 a ^ WesiHettonJS lsu . FrtmwellgaieMoori : i 18 a . 6 d ., South He » ton £ 4 9 a . 9 i ^ Bait oa 12 ^ Wingate Fxien ^ s £ 1 16 s . ld ^ Jforwwood £ 110 s . 6 d ^ Darnbrook £ 1 Ss . 6 i , Benwell £ 1 , Gosforth £ 2 16 s . SA ^ Seg Hill £ 3 lls- Earsdon District £ 5 15 s . 6 d ., Bedlington Pismc ; £ 11 7 s . 4 d . The sum of 12 s . came to Wingate without an acconnt from the Delegate HeetiDg .
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SOIBEK 155 BOXOUR OF TEE REV WZL HILL , AT EDINBURGH . A Soiree in bunour of the abo ^ e nan « d gentleman , was icldeD on Monday last , in the CaUon ConTem ^ g Boron , wnieh was nnmeronsly and respectably av f ™ A Toom waB laSiefnUj decorated with learas and banners . To add to the xaorriTialiiY of tie meetiug , an excellent Orchestral Band was in attendance . The ererang ' s entertainment was also ibyerafied by songs . Mr . Bin , on f nitring the hall was greeted wih enthusin&tie plauditB , > lr Cr 3 bes was called to the chair . After the tea- and other refreshments , fcrnisfced in a most « xeellent manner by Mr . Cransion , were done ample jnstiee tp , the chmirmsn Tose ,. aud in a concise and aoproDriate
aaarea proposed the nrst sentnaeni : " The speedy Sflrandnsemeni x > f ihe People . " Mr . AFRae , of Leith , responded . The next sentiment proposed was , " A-ihoroDgh Urgamzatlon ; and complete Union * f ihe Gaartists or Scotland , England and Irdaad . '' "W . Cnnrmins responded . Be oflated at . considerabie leng ^ i on the importance of re-organizing the Chartists at the present time . It was the ^ uestion of questions . Upon the pradeace aa € fagacity displaytd by th& * e who in * y ba entrusted with the flrawingnp of a new plaa of : onr orgamz ^ Son , dtpended ihe issue of-ocr fnture movement . He tat do 7 n Jondly ehterpd . The Chairman zesio rosp , and gara" The Guest rf * h > -e ** ph >; ' : iHe Hsf . A 3 r . Hill . " "Wludi ws $ iseeiT-d w :-.- > " > % tJ r aiinaei cheeruig
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and waTlng of h&ts . An addrsss eongratulating bia on his visit to Scotland , and expressing approbation , of his public character , web then presented by Mr . M'Leod . Mr . Hill then toscj and " after some introductory remarks , he announced the fa ok that , his connexion -mth ths Star was now dissolved . He read otot the correspondence between himself and Mr . O'JDpnnor , which explained the reason for hi 8 being deprived of his fonotions as Editor . He had no fault to find with Mr , O'Connor in [ acting as he had done . He begged to assure J , hem there was no pique or difference of any kind between him and Mr . O'Connor ; Bare what he had now stated and hoped no one who considered himself his friend { would withdraw any snpport from the Star he had formerly gnren It ;
and that tbosa who had withdrawn their snpport on Ks acconnt would now return . He Eaid in reply to the address that he could take no credit to himself for talent . Honesty of purpose and intention were his polar star . JEb deyotedness to principle made him always discharge his public dnties without farrour or affection to any one , regardless whose toes be trampled upon . He then descanted upon the prospects of the cause at present gave a lacid , and succinct account of his views on the projected Conference , and intended Organization j and after touching some other points of interest , he turned to the qaestion of the Land as the only means of salvation for the working classes . * He pointed out the impediments that ? ay in the way of the people
setting at the Land , and the necessity for political power to get the command of it . ( He concluded a long , and admirable address , replete with sound reasoning and political wisdom , rapturously applauded . The next sentiment proposed was , " May the oppositions of the factions stimulate the people to increased exertions in the advocacy of the great principle of democracy . " Mr . Peddie responded . He made an able and effective speeoh , tracing and exposing the evil results of the present system , and using , in strong language t the necessity for increased exertion . The fonrth sentiment } was , " F * argus O'Connor , Esq ., may his indefatigable exertions in the cause of liberty be crowned with ultimate success . " It was responded to by Mr . Allan .
He extolled Mr . O'Connor for Ills disinterested labours in the people ' s service ,, and said he had carved out for himself a monument more valuable than bras 3 or marble , in the affections of the people . The next sentiment was " the imprisoned and exiled Chartists / ' Mr . Tankard responded . "The Star and Democratic press , " was given and spoken to by Mr . Peddie , The list of seutimentB being now exhausted , Mr . M'Leod came forward and proposed a resolution , ' That the meeting has heard with extreme surprise and regret that Mr . Hill has oe& 3 ed to condnct the Star . " Mr . Lannie seconded the resolution , whioh was put from the chair , aud carried unanimously ^ A vote of thanks was moved to the Cbairmsa for his excellent conduct in the chair , when they ultimately dispersed .
The Northern Star Saturday, August 1-2, 1843.
THE NORTHERN STAR SATURDAY , AUGUST 1-2 , 1843 .
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OUR POSITION . WHERE ARE WE ] WHERE SHALL WE BE ? So general is the desire of the working classes to return to an agricultural life , that wherever we go , or to whatever publication we turn , we find that the one great nostrum for the one great complaint is the Land ; and that not only the system-made surplus population of operarJTes , but the system-made Surplus population of speculators la their labour , are
now turning their closest attention to the subject . r -e delusive and hypocritical sayings and doings of me League have lost their magic . Their parables have been answered by practical illustrations of the failure of their principles ; the modicum of " free trade * granted by Sir Robert Peel having tested the truth of their assertions , and having stripped their hobgoblin of that fanciful garb in which the wildness ef despair and the fervour of imagination had dressed it .
All the anticipations of moving myriads of starv . ing paupers ; the theatrical exhibitions ; the midnight howlings ; thefeastings ; the conferences ; and the daily assemblages of the pinch-bellies have passed awsj ; and are more than compensated for by tho election of the Londonderry nominee , Mr . Bright , * br the City of Durham . ** One swallow , however , does net make a summer f * and we doubt that the
Member for Durham will add much potency to the legislative character of the League . However the House of Common 3 may affect to disregard popular opinion , we have little doubt that the supposition that the League did possess popular confidence had & marvellous effect upon the votes of many of the new adherents to the principle that an'English workman should rely upon the foreign grower for his breakfast , his dinner , and his supper 1
The exhibition-s of Cobden and Co . in the agricultural districts , where declining shopkeepers by some marvellous process were converted into Repeal farmers , must have excited the laughter of those whoBe places were usurped , and whose adherence to the principles of Free Trade has been thus mani . fested by assumed proxy . This angry swelling is now reduced by the good sense of the working classes ; and the disease will doubtless break out in some other form : indeed , we find freah symptoms already manifesting themselves in the towa of
Birmingham ; and the first step taken by the new batch of quacks is in strict accordance with the practice of their several predecessors . The Mroress and the Attwoops commence as usual by telling th « people of their sad and deplorable condition , in the hope that by an hypocritical expression of -sympathy for the sufferers they may be enabled to convert them into tools for the correction of middle-class grievsnsea . The people of Birmingham however , and especially the Irish portion , will bear in mind Attwood ' s reply to Lovett upon the eve of the presentation of the National Petition . It was as
follows : — That he never would support Equal Representation , as it would place Ireland upon an equality with England , thereby destroying that ascendancy which for a thousand years the latter country had possessed over the former " . Neither will they forget that the labour of nine months concentrated in that Petition , at the expense of £ 9 . 000 , was lost , in consequence of Mr . Attttood ' s making the National Petition , not the basis of a demand for the Charter , but a mere pretext for urging a return to One Pound Notes , as a means of destroying the demand for the Charter .
That such men as Attwood , ilvmx , Cobden , and Bbicht look far beyond those limits to which their adherents would go , no one can doubt . ¦ Men in their situation of life , however they may profess , —the one party to seek the redress of grievances by a return to One-Pound . Notes ; and however the other party may bnoy up hope from an " Extension of Trade , " yei will the leaders look for something more substantial for themselves than would be conferred upon the general body by the accomplishment of their object . Cobdbn has sow gone so far , and has succeeded in uniting
so large an amount of the confidence of his own party in his favour , that the question of Free Trade constitutes but a very small portion indeed of his expectations . Cobden is wise enough to see that the length that Sir Robert Peei hasgoae in forwarding the principles of Free Trade is very i likely to lose him that snpport upon which , and which alone , he holds his present high office ; while he has doubtless discovered that the substitution of pure Whiggery for unmitigated Toryism would be very unpalatable to the public at large . Weighing these circumstanceB welL Cobden would very naturally and very
fairly expect to find Ms reward upon the next breakup , in something that would distinguish Mm as the leader ef a large portion of the wealthy classes ef this conntryj and with him Free Trajde would beoome a secondary consideration , and his value to his party would be in proportion to hia ability and willingness to resist the democratic principle , the want of which would enable the few lucky masters of which he would be the representative to hold their position , and in the concession of which those masters would Bee thelosa of that dominion which themal-appropriation of capital has hitherto ensured jo them .
Upon the sext dissolution of Parliament however , the non-elective influence of the country , marshalled aswehayenodoubt it will be , underla thoroughly wise Organization , will present an amount of concentrated public wisdom which will at once establirii us 77 gh . to representation , *^ convince Us opponents of the folly of any attempt longer to withhold it . The resolution come to by the Trades of Snef-
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Beld , which we delighted to insert in last week ' s Star , together with the wise resolve of the oppressed colliers not to be used as tools by faction , inoreasss our hope ! in the strength which through union the people will ere long achieve . It would appear that our errors , —and we are always willing to take our share m ; any oharge of incompleteneBa , —have become profitable to the colliers ; and that the rook upon which we split in 1839 serves as a landmark to their body , reminding them of our disaster . We were pushed , unfairly pushed , unnaturally and ungenerously pushed , by the middle class representatives who > found their way into the first Convention , into a position from whioh there was no retreat , save through starvation or revolution .
The promoters of the Sacred Holiday had their emissaries abroad , misrepresenting the publio feeling , and urgiBg on the people beyond their strength ; until at length a premature strike proved the temporary ruin of our cause . It would appear from' all the communications coming from the same parties now , that the ultimate hope of the " Coal Kings" is based apon the anticipation , not of a general , but a partial strike ; while we rejoice to find that the sagacious leaders of the colliers have resolved upon working for the very lowest pittance , aye , at the mere existence point , until all the machinery , their
own machinery;— -by which their body should be governed pending a general Strike , should circumstances render such a atep necessary , —has been perfeoted . Our advice to the colliers from the commencement has been to be cautious , to be prudent , to be wise and unconfiding , save in their own order . That this advice has been generally acted upon we are happy to discover in their resolution to employ lecturers from their own trisae ; to make their subscriptionsjgenerally , instead of locally useful ; while at the eame time they concede the right of local treasurership , and allow the expenditure of a portion of th ' e local subscriptions for local purposes . We farther fiud that they have appointed the proper legal machinery for defending themselves against
those oppressions whioh , for want of legal resistance , the [ masters may impose upon them under the semblance of law . We feel convinced that a more Judicious course could not have been adopted , and that the next step will be , the holding of a short convention , the proceedings to be conducted with open doors , and the object to be , the agreeing upon such rules and regulations in the government of the body & 3 will inBuTB them against surprise , defend them against the maohin&tioas of their enemies , and above all guard them against any , the slightest , recurrence to violence . Should suoh course be adopted , none but actual working colliers Bhould be elected as delegates ; and to avoid expense , the representation , if the general principle is agreed upon , need not be large .
We have ever counselled the Chartist body against a recurrence to violence , and ire shall here state why we » re at the present moment , if ppp&iole , more opposed to it than ever we were before . Our general reasons for opposing violence are based upon the knowledge that every physical outbreak in a country where the dominant party is in possession of all the : munitions of war and the power of Government , has invariably been followed by increased despotism . An etnule or sudden outbreak , an attack upon monarchy , or a strong manifestation of Republican principles , have been god-senda to the
weakest governments of England . They justify coercion , and constitute rallying points for all , who though dissatisfied with their own position , yet prefer it comparatively to that to which they foolishly imagine the ascendancy of democracy would send them . The various dissatisfied classes can only be mustered now under the general cry of the Chartists aro coming " * Let but any act of the people aronso such a suspicion , and all the angry sectional feeliug will not only be lulled , as by magio , into quiesence , but would be united In holy brotherhood of ChartiBt
opposition . Ireland would once more sip the delusive blessings of peace . Repeal would be abandoned as a test of that Irish loyalty with which we are told that nation abounds ; and our folly would have furnished an escape to the Minister—to the affrighted Landlord—to the querrellous Leaguers—to tho complaining Churchmen—to the infuriated Rebecoaiteto the Pining Shopkeeper—and to the Aristocratic portion of the Trades J while the ** physical" torch lit at the blaza of democracy would serve to light Chartism to tLe tomb ! 2
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terprotation to the Act than that intended by its framers , both House * of Parliament , and the Ministers whose special workmanship it was , why , wei . 1 . and good . " We astt if meaning can be plainer ; or if other conclusion can be arrived at , than that the forbearance of the strong Government is based upon a reliance of the law ' s perversion , rather than a love of clemency ? ' Irresistible laughter is caused by the compliments heaped upon the" handcuffed Orangemen" by their leaders , Roden and the Dukb . Brougham too , laid it on . to nausea- Tho " forbearance" of the
Orangemon reminds one much of tne tranquillity of tho fettered murderer , whose plaintive tone for raeroy so ill comports with his savage power , when exercised upon bis defenceless victim . " They deserve all praise for their exemplary forbearance" !!! When ? and for what 1 when their bloody deeds of olden times bad raited up a host of defenders , whose union placed fetters upon their hands , and rendered them so weak and contemptible as to be compelled to seek protection against that power whioh their bloody deeds had been mainly instrumental in creating f Who in Ireland , but will
laugh at the " forbearance" of the Roden ' s , the Maoee ' b , and the whole hungry tribe who have so long shouted their appeals to " buckle on the sword " and " keep their powder dry" ? If Mr . O'CoNNEIA deserves credit for any one aot more than another , it is for having raised up a sufficient amount of Irish moral power to render pointless the Orange bayonet . { From the latitude extended by the Noble Duke to the wily " gentlemen in their studies" look for the most disastrous results , as soon as the ?* Arms * Bill , " with none of those limitted powers contained in the " Suppression of Party Processions
Bill , shall be handed over to the Irish Executive , as their " Warrant of Attorney" to search , to insult , to transport , and to shoot ! The proposed meeting of the Orangemen on the 7 th of September , with the Arms' Bill as their authority , and Parliament prorogued , and the King of Hanover at hand , fills us with evil forebodings . Authority will make a ( struggle ; and authority being transferred from Parliament to the weeded Orange Magistracy of Ireland , will be exercised in defiance of all law . and will be exercised to " meet the emergency , " that " emergency" being to exterminate the Irish people .
So much for the Duke ; and now a word for the ex-Chancellor . The Noble Lord , Brougham , attaches commercial importance to the present agitation ; and fears that suoh demonstrations as those now daily exhibited in Ireland , will have the effect of intimidating the English Capitalist from entering apart speculation in Ireland . What change has come o ' er the dream of the Noble Lord , since those times when " pub * liomeetings were the inalienable right of every British subject ; " and when the result was to be "the rolling of Kings ' s heads in the gutter , for little boys to play at foot-ball with" ! We would ask Lord Brougham ,
has Ireland never been tranquil under English rule ? And whether has the poverty of the Iri 6 h people , occasioned by that rule , or the timidity of the English speculator , for whose enterprise the rest of the world is too narrow , -been the cause of the nonspeoulation of the English capitalist I The Noble Lord spoke truly , when animadverting upon the effects of " insult . " But why should he so far prostitute himself to the service of his old and bitter enemies , the Tories , as to make the personal insults that he has received from Mr . O'Connell a justification for his attack upon those privileges which he
formerly upheld as the dearest right of every British subject I Will nob every man who has read his spleen aee in . it the wasp's sting , rather than the Statesman ' s caution ? We rely , however , upon the wisdom of the Irish people as a means of resistance to the construction that the " gentlemen in their studies" may put upon the Aot of Parliament ; while we rely upon their gloriouB demonstrations as a means of intimidation ; which will make the "forbeariug" and" exemplary " Orange faction pause before they "buckle on the swiord , " or try their " dry poxeder . " A notion
of the present strength of tho Repeal party may be best gathered from Mr . O'CoiwiiLL ' s . just denunciation of Lord John Russell , while at the pame time WE can claim from his own words our owu boat defence for that course for which ho has so often reviled us . Ho now says " he toould rather have TWENTY Tories than one Lord John Russell , " For resisting Lord John ' s tyranny and # inality we were all called ' * Tory Ghartists ; and for triumphing over the miserable faction we
were called " the bitterest enemies of Ireland . " We rejoice to find that Mr , O'Connell has lived to learn ! and in his declaration we reomve ample apology for his frequent attacks upon us for opposing the Russell policy * the evil effects of which he has at length frit aud denounced ; not substantially , as we did ; but by contrast . He prefers twenty Tories !! Strange alteration from the times , when we were invited to wage deadly war under the Russell standard , for no greater triumph than that Of " KEEPING THE TORIES OUT , "
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Trade , " he is actually taking advantage of the present distress to make a fortune out of the poor man ' s helplessness JI He is now getting a woollen fabric made in Paisley at 8 s . per piece ; and with very little additional labour he is selling the same pieces at 28 s . and 303 . each ; making at least 16 s .
PROFIT UPON HHB LABOUR AND RAW MATERIAL OP ONE SINGLE PIECE J WHILE AT * HB SAME TIMS HE HAS REDUCED THB WAGES OF HrS * ' HANDS" FIVBPB 1 TCS IN EVERY SEVfiNTEENPENCB IHBT EABNED ! ! ! He has now got his" pilot engine , " Buckley , out , ; to see how much farther he can venture ; or whither the experiment may lead to the more fasoinatipg result of compelling 1 " her Majesty" to call Cobden and Co . to her councils , to satisfy the popular requirements ! !
Opposed as we are to violence of any sort or kind , we yet fearlessly say let us have Revolution in any shape or form ] rather than submit to the perpetual torture to which such bloody rule toould subjtct us 11 We have invariably stood forward as the friend of labour ; and we think we best serve the labourers ' cause , by admonishing them against the folly of mixing up any , other question with their present "stauGGLE . " [ We highly approve of the course taken by the Chairman of the Ashton meeting , in
inviting tfae police to the platform : and , as a further protection , we would strongly urge the propriety of each speaker earning to every meeting that he may intend to address with his sentiments briefly written down ; ajid , when read , let the speaker write his name upon each page , and hand it the Chairman to be kept , and produced if necessary ; so that his own words , and not those
of others may \ appear in judgment against him . We are seldom false prophets ; and it will be remembered that we foretold that tho Capitalists would make another attempt to effect what they oall" hampering the Government . " Let the operatives beware lest by their co-operation they may " hamper" themselves , instead of the Government ! Trust to nonelbut ivise heads ; and da your own work for your own selves , is the best advice that we can give those who have been once more thrown into disordor , just at the moment when the poor slaves had a right to expect their share from a " revival of trade" ! j . -
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M y dear Friends , —Tho contents of this letter will in all probability surprise some of you . I am » o longer Editor of the Northern Star . I have thought it my duty , repeatedly , as I saw occasion , to caution you not again to trust your cause and destinies into the hands of parties by whom they have been before perilled , and all but destroyed , i have given you reasons for my cautions , as I have gone along ; enough to enable you to form your own opinions ; though not all which tended to ] the forming and confirming-of my which tended to the forming and confirming-of my
opinions . I have told you that certain parties who have heretofore } figured proroinefltly in the movement , and by whom the National Charter Association was destroyed , were not men to be again trusted ; that their public acts in connection with that body provejd them to be men morally and poli tically dishonest and unprincipled ; and that their public acts , since then , have afforded corroborative and confirmatory evidence of the same thing , 1 have told you that even it' this might not be so ; even giving them credit for the firmest principle and strictest honesty ' , their judgment hasbeeu sufficiently proved to be unfit for leadership , and eaiouJated
only to create failure , and retard the progress of our cause . Tnese were my opinions . I held them honestly ; and Ii expressed them honestly . -1 gave you reasuns whereon I founded them : 1 might in due time have given you more reasons had the opportunity been still permitted to me . You may , perhaps , some of ] you , have come to conclusions different from those to which I came ; with that I have no concern : I should have been a traitor to you ! , had I withheld my counsel . I did not withhold it . I warned you faithfully and then } left you to act on your owo judgement . 1 consider you at all times entitled to my opinions upon all matters with which the public
cause is or may be identified ; and while I live and retain your confidences and can find a medium of communication , you shall have them . You kno < v th ' at Mr . O'Connor has expressed opii . ions diff . reut from mine in reference to these parties . He tbojight them so indispensible to the movement that h , e h * s deemed it necessary to take thn concroul of the Siar out of my hands that their influence with you might not suffer . I make no Complaint of this ! The Star is Mr . O'Connor ' s own
property ; and h ! e has a right to say that it . shall not be used either for the effecting of purposes which he does not approve , or for the frustration of those which he desires to see accomplished . Observe , then , that I state this to yon , not with the purpose of renewing crimination or of exciting you to angry feelmga ; but simply that you may know the real tact of the cause of my removal from the Star ; and the full extent to which , as he has himself told you , the difference between me and Mr . O'Conuor has tfouo .
No doubt there are tho > e who will be glad to make a mountain of this moJ ^ hill , if you choose to let them . 1 hopejyou will not . Mr . O'Connor has a right to his opinions ; and he has a right to remove me from th | e Editorship of his paper , when my expressed opinions run counter to his , on a matter which he may think essential to the success of our movement Let no one , therefore , even of my warmest friends , think that he does me service , or manifests good feeling for me , by withdrawing from th « Star ouo partittleof his support because of this change : tho more efioecially as I shall still communicate with you through its columns . Mr . O'Connor , though ] he exercises his right in taking from me the controul of those columns , has nrnmtsprt
still to opeu them ] to me , as a medium of access to you . You will still , therefore , continue to receive through the Star those weekly counsels , doctrines , and opinions to which many thousands among you do me tho honour to attach some value and importance . Tupse counsels and opinions will now come to you in their own proper character . They will appear [ as the opinions of one man ; carrying with them ^ ust as much weight of influence as the reasonings upon which they are founded , and the credit you may choose to give to mv judgment and experience entitle them , and no mor ^ And this you will do me the justice to remember is all that I
have ever claimed for them . Dressed up in so much authority , Ithey will still meet you in . the Star ; while , if youjmeet also , in its leading or other columns , counsels differing from mine , you havo read the Siar too long } not to be now able to use yoar own judgment onf the merits of the reasonings oa which the respective counsels may be founded , and to square your conduct , if by either , by that counsel which commends itself best to your cool judgment by ita truthful argument . This is all the preference I ask from you for any man . It is a preference to which all are alike entitled ; and he who requires more is no patriot !
You are not bound to approve my opinions ; much less to act upon ttiem ; but , while I have your confidence in general matters , it is my duty to express my opinions to yoi ^ , oh all things wherein your interests are eouevrned . In so expressing them , and in giving you my reasons for them , I have done my duty , an < i am j < uiales 3 of whatever consequences may arise fr < im iherr ruction . . You are not , children in need the numo chilis ; alwayh dinning in your ear * .
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- ¦ ,. T ' . ? T : ^ = ^ : ' - ¦ - — - '¦¦ -i- . ¦ - — ^—! % . Oace , therefore , and for all ,, let me "deliver my soul" upon the matter whioh has caused my ejection from the Editorial stooL I tell you , then , once for all , that any causa committed-to the management of men suoh as I believe these to be , must fail—must come to destruction—must entail misery and suffering on . all connected with it ; I tell you that it is to suoh leadership we owe all the disasters to the Chartist cause from the late strike , and the present depressed state of our movement j 1 tell yon that like consequences will always follow in the wake of such leadership ; and I warn you thait if joulove yourselves , your country and yoar paafef-rK you lovo the democratic principle , Had wish to see thai principle established , you must get rid , not only of such leadership but of all leadership ; you
must learn to think and determine for yourselves , and make publio men execute—not gaide—the publio will . I tell yon that the history of all nations proves that whenever and whereever and as far as ever the people have trusted implicitly to leaders ; they have been betrayed ; and that it will always be so . Having said this , I have no more to gay . I have done my duty . You ; will now act as you please- I can not warn you more effectually . I shall never again revert to this matter , unless compelled to it by other parties . You may now , if you please , make leaders of them tomorrow ; run after them , to-morrow ; and suffer them to swamp your cause to-morrow ; I havo acquitted myself of blame . Others may laud these parties as very paragons of purity and patriotism , and you may believe them if you like and wait to find out your mistake : the fault will not be mine .
Some of you may even now be angry with me for speaking thus plainly ; I care not . I live only to serve you and your cause ; and I value your good opinion and applause no further than as I can make it serviceable to this end : beyond that it is of no more worth to me than so much idle wind . This is a most unpleasing subject for me to write upon ; if it may be profitable to you I am satisfied . la any case , I have done with it . We now know our respective positions . I am , as I have ever been , Your faithful friend and servant , WlLLIAH HiLL . Hull , Tuesday Night , Aug . 1 , 1843 .
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J . W ., Macclesfield . —If he has the rent-boob with all the sums he has paid entered by the landlord ' s agent , and if those several sums , when added up , an > urer to ( he amount of rent for the time he has occupied the premises , it is clear that the landlord can have no claim ; though it is equally as clear , if the landlord set up the claim , and distrain for it , a much larger sum than the amount disputed , 9 s . » will be needed to prove that the claim is unfounded . We would therefore tay to J . W ., * * keep out of law " Probably he would find matters turn out to be not so clear as he may now persuade himself to think they are ; and he will assuredly find cist at every step he taken , when once the ** processing" is begun . The same fern rks apply to the other case he
mentions . Unless there be a good understanding between a rich landlord and a poor tenant , the jailer has very tittle chance of winning in any dispute that may arise , especially if they " go to law . " As for the " notice " , it will entirely depend on the nature of the take what notice ' Jit , ought'to give la be legal . If there be not a special agreement , sjk months' clear notice is required by law ; and i / the tenement be tuken at a yearly rent , those sue months' notice must expire at the end of a year of occupancy . For instance : if a tenant enter on premises at a yearly rent , say on New Years Day , and if . after being in occupation some ten years , he wishes to leave it , it will be needful for him , "to satiny the taw " , la give notice so that the tenancy should expire on the 3 Is / December following . Notice therefore would have to be given before the end of June ; or it would not be six clear months , as required . All notice . * , too , under all must b
circumstances , to be legally binding , e m writing . The best course is , to get a friend to serve the landlord with such written notice personal ! he retaining a copy of it , so as tobe able to prove service , if required . Where a special agreement for notice is made , it must be strictly observed ; and all the above detailed forms are necessary , except as to time . In the case put by our querist , it is certain that he cannot be distrained upon for the defalcations of his father-in-law . Prudence ought , however , to dictate the necessity of ff *~ eat caution in meddling with his father it-law ' s , effects ; for , according to his own showing , there is a defi " cienty of some £ 60 or £ 70 . Nothing can bemore certain or just , than that the father-in Inw is Stable for the amount deficient ; and his yooa ~ , or estate . hule or much , liable to be seized in satisfaction of the claim , should it be treated as q ^ debt . If it is kmiuzzlement , his per son in prison can and may be hud , in satisfaction .
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THE LAWYER SOLDIER , AND THE SOLDIER LAWYER , The debate upon the presentation of a petition from 5 , 000 disappointed and angry Loyal ProtessaHts of the North of Ireland , by the renowned leader of tho defunct party , Lord Rosen , furnishes a happy illustration of the lengths to which statesmen may be led under wounded feelings . There we find the Marshal-Duke and the ex-Chancellor changing professions , if not sides ! the Duke , anticipating how the cunning lawyer , in " his study , ' may be able
to put a diametrically different construction upon an Act of Parliament to that intended , not only by boib Honses of Parliament , but to that whioh it 8 framers , the Cabinet , after frequent consultations , intended it should bear ! while the ex-Chancellor , Brougham , vouches , as he has often done before , for the " physical" resistance of his pet King , Louis Philippe , and all the valuable portion of his French Majesty ' s Cabinet , to '" uphold the integrity of the British empire . "
We have frequently been puzzled in our endear vours to discover the be&uty and consecutiveness of those peculiar and characteristic speeches for which the Noble Duke of Wellington has been famed . It has been said respecting them that w every word is a teller ' , and every sentence an apothegm . ' Lacking genius to comprehend the meaning of the following passage , we give it as we find it . His Grace says : —
"Processions ' for the purpose of ctlebrating or commemoratiDg . any festival or anniversary , or political event relating to or connected wnb any religious or other distinction or difference between any classes ot her Majesty ' s subjects ; ' that is the nature of the processions which are prohibited under this act ; and it is a question of law , upon which I do not mean to give any opinion j because my opinion would be worth nothing . But it is a question of law , which must have been considered by those whose duty it is to put the law into execution , whether those other processions to which my Noble F / iend pas alluded , accompanied by
the carrying of banners , and marching with music , or whatever else may bo the evidence of their criminal intentions , Call under the provisions of the Act ; aud that is a question wblcQ no speech in the House can decide—ihear , bear , hear ) . —and on which no petition laid on the table of this House can have the least influence ihear ) . These are questions whioh must be decided by men in their studies , in the first instance , and which cannot be decided by the occurrence of particular circamstances , nor by the delivery of any speeches in this Bouse . The truth is , that both in this and the other House of Parliament these very qpeBtiona weire fully submitted to Parliament afc the
time this act was passed ; but it was declared that it was intended to apply a remedy to the difficulties which at that moment existed , and that the legislature had not in view any other processions — nay , propositions -were made , botb in this and the other Hoase of Parliament , to extend the provisions of the actj but Parliament refused to do so Therefore , I beg my noble friend to recollect that blame ought not to be cast on the Government for not having applied the provisions of this act to those other ptocefeslouB to which , he has alluded , because if he will examine that act , he will find that those provisions are not applicable to them . "
We know not what the admirers of his Grace may gather from the above ; but we can deduoe from his words no © tfeerifieaning than this : — The law , as it at prepent stands , is not applicable to the processions complained of . The Act was framed fora specific purpose , other than that sought by my Noble Friend . The question of extension was discussed by both Houses , and was rejected . The Ministers of the day endeavoured to extend the provisions in the first instance ; but subsequently abandoned that extension , and ultimately confined the operation of the Act to thesuppression of processions , nnder which denomination those complained of by my Noble Frien d do not in anywise come . " Birr , "— -mind the " BUT , " — " if gentlemen in their studies cs n give auy other ia-
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EJFFJECTS OF FREE TRADE . —ANOTHER TURNING-OUT . Jus ? at the moment when the Trade reports from Lancashire , published in the several newspapers were of a nature to justify the anticipation that tho boasted increased prosperity would have been in some way extended to the operative classes—just at such a moment are we stunned by the threat of danger from a general cessation of labour ! ' / Our report of the doings of Mr . Bucklry , taken from the Manchester Guardian , will be read by every lover of peace and fair play with loathing , with sorrow , and with disgust . It would in truth appear
as if the system of " lot-casting to do mischief had been extended from the " sister country" ; and that a branch of the " black-sheep office" had been established in our manufacturing districts . Else , how can we reconcile the neutrality and indifference of the many : "feeling" and " respeot * able" masters , who thua thrust their Bailets" and " Buckleys" forward as" pilot engines "; lying back themselves until the success of their brutal attempts upon their unprotected hands shall have been tested ! As far as the Employers can furnish features to this year ' s bantling , it bears a strict resemblance to last year ' s monster . The anniversary of the very day
vpon which the work of destruction commenced last year , has been selected as the birth day of this year ' s lk free * trade" experiment ! and the same means for driving out the hands have been resorted to ! We are glad to find however , that it is deficient in its popular proportions . The turn-outs have wisely resolved upon making the Question one of here wages ; and have , as wo rejoice to hear , made good preparations for resisting an attempt to force them into physical resistance : against the constituted authorities . They should bear well in mind the law has laid down Py the "Just Judge : ' ' ' * Working men have a perfect bight to abstain
prom working fob a lower bate op wages than thbk agree upon among themselves ' , but they have no right to compel others to abstain from wobk . " Let this advice be made the ruling maxim and resolve ! Let not the scantiness of a military force in the Lancashire district be relied upon ; as any inducement to violence ; for the operatives ! may rest assured that violence will not aid them : and that all the sectional disputes which now rageiamon ? the different classes would be instantly merged into the primary necessity of "putting
down the working classes' the instant " violence " is attempted . Forget not the lesson of last year t Strike but a blow in Lancashire , and Ireland and Wales will become quiet ' as if by magic ! and all will rally to the cry of "our profits are in danger" ! The League have expended their 450 , 000 in a single campaign for the relief of the working classes . Let us see how their practice squares With their jpreaching . Cobdenjs treasurer of their fund . He has never travelled a mile or an inch , or eaten a meal , ; that has not been paid for out of that fund . Aud While ho is preaching up the blessings of" Free
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THE BIRMINGHAM CHARTISTS AND I MR . ATTWOOD . We have much pleasure in directing attention to the business-like manner in which , the Birmingham Chartisc 8 have ] in spite of all want of Organization , met the projected new move of the " Old' Rv mp p abty . " We so far approve their prudent course , that we may venture to assert that the return of the 1 Prodigal Son ; " under the prescribed conditions woula be hailed wish great pleasure by the whole people . But the BIG CHARTER , andnotthe " little shiluno" must be the playchiug of the " new born babe into righteousness . "
We rejoice to soe that our Birmingham friends have decided upon doing honour to the People ' s Champion , Mr . JDuNGOUBE , upon the occasion of the Conference meeting ; and if Mr , Attwood desires a manifestation of publio opinion in favour of the Charter , we have no doubt but he will have a . fair opportunity of learning it upon the day of Doncombe ' s entry into Birmingham . We shall take care that the grand demonstration shall lose none of its iffcct through our" Reflector . " What can the senseless Scotchman who does the Journal mean , by attempting to force requisitions , that have been rejected , down the throats . of the people \ We will embrace Attwood , and hold him tight , if he conies to us fairly . We do not need to have him thrust upon us !
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The aboveletter was eenfc for publication last week , but from the fact of my being in London , and Mr . Hobson very properly thinking it right that I should see it before it waa published , that I might accompany it with any explanation necessary , he sent it there for my perusal . I now give it , without much comment : there being , in fact , only two sentences in the whole requiring particular notice ; the remaining portion being a reiteration of those charges already repeated so often against M'Douall , Leach , aud others . The first sentence upon which I shall say a word is— " 1 might , in due time , have given , you more reasons , had One opportunity been permitted to me . " Here I find myself called upon to refer to the particular act which led to the removal of Mr . Hill from tho " Editorial stool . " in order to be fully
able . to explain the above passage . Perhaps the readers of the Star will recollect that after the Court of Queen ' s Bench had left the judgment upon the fourth count undecided , a strong appeal was made through the columns of the . Star to Dr . M'Douall , not to damage the prospects of thoso whose case w is yet undecided by returning home until the final judgment of the Court should have been known . At least such was the inference deducible from the manner in which , the question waa put . So far so good . The attack upon Dr . M'Douall which followed this appeal , and which appeared in tho Star of the 8 th July last , did I confess stagger me ; aud it so happened that I met Mr . Hill at Manchester upon the very Saturday on which the article
alluded to appeared ; and after a lengthy , and , upon my part , a verv warm and even an angry discussion , I said to Mr . Hill : — " Why , in God ' s name , recommend the poor fellow to stay away one week for the benefit of others ; and then tell him in the next breath , to starve or hang himself on a tree , or practice his profession in a country of whose language he waa wholly ignorant ? Why he must be worse than a devil to deserve this . And now , if he or any of the others have been really as criminal as you appear to think , and as you have from time to time promised to prove ; and as I have suffered more than any other person from such criminality , let me kuow it . Yonhave said you would" bide your time " . I have shown no over-anxiety to hear it ; but now , come tell me what
the charge against M'Douall is ; and if it can bo substantiated , upon good and irrefutable evidence , I will go as far as you in exposing him . To this Mr . Hill replied , '' / ktww no more than you do about Dr . M'Douall . I i . i . vc no more charges to make against him " . " ineu " , said I , "as I know nothing whatever to his disadvantage ; nothing whatever to disturb my confidence in him ; and inasmuch as I believe his services to have been as honest , as zealous , as able , and as beneficial to our oaure as any other person , I will not allow my Paper to be made the means of either starving him abroad , or damaging his character or influence during his absence" . After a conversation of nearly two hours upon this Hubjeot , in which Mr . Hill expressed
his determination to use his bust exertions to drive M'Douall , lieach , and others from the movement , he was obliged to start for a Hull train ; promising to meet me at Leeds on the following Monday . We did not , however , meet at Leeds ; and on my departure from Leeds , where I had been all day , I wrote to Mr . Hill expressing my regret at the course be had taken . I explained that I had but the alternative of appearing in the character of a consummate hypocrite , by professing my public and private disapprobation of the frequent attacks upon my friends , while I seemed to wink at them in the Star ; or of appearing as a cypher , having lost all controul over the paper . That inasmuch as he had expressed his determination to destroy the in *
haeaee of those men , and as i thought their influence indispensable to the furtherance of tho Chartist cause ; aud as the Siar was the medium through which ho hoped to effect his purpose , I deemed it prudent that his functions as Editor of the paper should cease . That he should have £ 104 ' * naif pay" during my life , for past services ; or if he preferred earning it , that he should have £ 2 a week for a letter bearing his owu name upou political , literary , or scientific subjects . This brings me to tbe second passage , in which Mr . Hill say a : " I shall never again revert to thia matter , unless compelled by other parties . " I beg to assure Mr . Hill and au other parties , that no party or individual shall ever again revert to the subject in the Northern Star . That
paper ever has been under vigilant popular control . It shall ever remainso ; and Mr . Hill ' s contributions , bearing his signature , upon the above subjects , shall have due insertion ; while no parties shall make it necessary for him to revezt to matters whioh have cose mo hours , days , weeks , and months of bitterestangush . Since the 8 th of July iast , Mr . Hill is not responsible for any article that has appeared in the columns of the Star ; not having written for the paper from that time . Since then it has been edited and managed by those who , from the commencement , have shared the Editorial duties with Mr . Hill ; and under whose management it shall continue to advocate those principles for the furtherance of which it was established . Feargus U'Connob . Leeds , August 10 , 1843 .
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SOIREE IN BONOTJB OF THE SEV , WM . HILL , AT LEITH . There was & Soiree _ given In the Trades' Hall , ieith , on Friday Augusi-iih , in honour of ihe Hev William Hill , for the purpose of welcoming him on this Ms first tisxs to Scotland . Tbe meeting yshich TT 33 ? ery lnimerons , ekeied Alexander Lundin to ihe chair . After the good thing 3 of this life had been pretty well discussed , The Chaibhah rose , and in a few brief remarks , introduced ihe first sentiment— " The people ; maj they BOonTjecome enlightened , and united to demand a full measure of justice , through the People ' s Charter . * This was spoken to in excellent 'Style , by David Dickson , who gave minister .-, both spiriiual and temporal , a well--n _ erited castieation for their neglect oi the education of tbe people .
The ChaiB--lak thrn gave ihe sentiment of tbe evening , ** Ihe kev . Wilfiam Hilli rany he he long spared to eondnet ihe Organ of the Ctiartist movement , and still continue to give his advice and _ e 0 unc 3 as he has hitherto done for the welfare of society . " After this , Mr-James Ferguson read an address from the members of the Leili- Charter Association , to the Rev . Gentleman . Mr . Hill , having received theaddreses , came for"W 2 _ rd axoic ^ re ____ applause , and thanked the meeting for their Insdsess and warm reception . He stated that in whatever circumstance ;! , he would always bear in mind ike people and advocate their cause . The annanDcementthat he stood before them not as
Editor-of the Northern Siar , but amply as William HHl , seemed io « " * ilr « the meeting "with astonishment , Mr . Hill went on to shew the zeasoaa of the dissolution ofhisctmnec-ion with the Northern Star , which he ^ aid wa 3 entirely owing to a difference of opinion between himself and the Proprietor ; and as he ( Mr . H . ll ) could consent to be no-man ' s slave , or hold Ins tongue when an inflexible differ * enee ^ of opinion existed without either being a knave or a fool ; ihe diseosnFctiontook pkce . He was exeeedrngly desirous that his removal might be , is he believed it "was intended it should be . for the benefit of the people ; and he hoped that they would sot "Wiib « tra . w any support from ihe Star , but continue and increase it V > ihe utmost of their power . Mr . O'Connor had jjivpn him the opportunity of eomsranisg vn ? h the people through the columns of the Star . He would take advantage of that offer , as he
fcnew thai the giszu monster of corruption was not io l > e beaten « ow _ a bj faction bnt by union . Mr . HS 1 then showed the necessity of Organization ; and Said his object and aim was to have the people Orgajrix . d so as to "know each other ' s minds and avoid the catastrophe of petting up men at the head of the movement , who although ituy may have the honesty have not the ability to condnct a national movement-He concluded by statin £ that the people should still have hi 3 advice and council , and he trusted that his removal Jrrom the editing of-the Star would become the can _ = e of union . Mr . Hill then sat down amidst great applanse . The Ch __ x-Oiah , in a few remarks , then introduced the next sentiment . — " Frost , Williams , Jones , _ E _ JJ _ 3 , and all the incarcerated victims oi class-made 2 arr ; may they soon be returned to the bosoms of their families and friends . " This was responded to in a . Teiyfeding manner by John Tankard .
The CHjkJX _ t _ u- then gave ontihe next sentiment , — ** Ml . iFeargus O'Connor ; may be live to see the as-op-ion oftbe principles he has so long and ably advocated . " This was responded to by that old veteran , Daniel Eerr , in an able and effective ¦
manner . * Tbe xext gfniiinenfcTvas— "Mr . T-& Dnncombe and the liberal Members of the House ol Commons ; may he , and they , continne to fight the enemies of the people in the strong hold oi corruption ; and may "their numbers » e speedily increased j" to which Soseis Simpson , of Edinburgh , responded in a neat and eSrcare speech , at ihe close of which he expressed ks pleasure at ihe harmony * nd good feeling which -was tow extending its laSnence between tte Chartisis of Leith and Edinburgh ; aid hi--hope thai ii » onld Kxtend __ n _ J ixinfoer . The meeting , whicn had been enlivened during the evening TWfliisodss from several friends , after a vote of thanks to the Chairman , ior his past services in the SSL £ C 0 nflact in lb 8 ** . broke * p *
To The People. I
TO THE PEOPLE . i
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 12, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct494/page/4/
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