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liEjEDS AND WEST-RIDING NEW3.
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LEGAL QUESTIONS.
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TO READERS & CORRESPONDENTS
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EEL1TIVE CIRCULATION
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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RICHABD OASTLER . '¦ Wfe bow gWe « tte-general « nswer to manj-WMtiy-* hft » qoerists , trho havfe-oared to censure t *» alliance witbOASrLE * . That answer is , let them " read his fetters of last week , this wwl , and * J » ve ^ ail of ttexfsreek , j wibHshed in the 2 $ efthern Star , ¦ and ff tteat - principles be BaJRcal , ana go farther , wecatfact-go with them , ^ e challenge » U the Bso ^ efiAMB , Stjssboos , Peeis , and O'Con-Sj ^ MS in existence to produce tkree , or even one teftef ) " conVeying so moch matter vahrable to all ¦ passes ofsodety ; and ve bo longer -marvel that the ^^ 1 £ ichjlkd Oastukr . gGoaldVbe aR unfit Steward
Jlw Sq ¥ ibb THdfcXHHX , a portion of whose estate % e stfps "belongs of rig ht te the peeple . Oastxeb ' Bia ^ en selected as -a .-martyr for fee carrying out of -flie * Poor Law Amendment-Act "; we are ¦ $ 1 * 1 to find frOB one -ef oar Ball contemporaries , * -tfet although be may ceaseto reside at the Hall of r * e THOBSHitLS , he is still ; to have a seat ' -fa the hearts of the people . Yes , although prudence - allowed others to -tate'the lead ^ we pledge ourselves
that oor best energies shall he used to augment the projected tribute , so as to give the people the henefit of the TOtramneliea exeTtions of the father of the poor ; » d welurther tell Mr . -Th («» hili ., that if his aim ia supplying the place of Oastler is to ensure the success of the Poor Law Bill , at Hnddersfieid , that he calculates -withent his host , for -where his influence is " there will Oastler be aiao , " Oastlbb must" not , shall not , leave us .
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SIGNS OF THE TIMES . Tie signs of the times are hourly , and as if by jnxgie , ¦ becoming still more and more characteristic of Whig procrastination and popular discontent . No sooner does general agitation cease for a moment , than some substantive question of wrong or comjlaintmeets the ear . Tor the usual mode of claiming-redress by petition , the more sturdy and impressive method of remonstrance and demand is now substituted . The reciprocal dependency which should ever Crist between the governon and governed is at « n end , and the people—in despair—resolTe to effect for themselves that which the Constitution guarantees , but which our rulers withhold , namely , -protection by law .
• In rain doe ? the English Metropolitan , and almost the whole Irish Press , endeavour to prop the "tottering power of a fading faction . In rain does 3 Ir . O'Covkxll seek to hold the Irish mind in subjection , and to convince the-English people , ¦ and his "Whig fiiends , that the modicum of justice , contained in his new Tithe Bill , and Jus enfranchising clauses of the Corporation Bill , Trill calm the angry spirit , and silence the ¦ loud ana jast complaints , of the starving Irish . In Tain does Lord John Xussm bow court the -support and alliance of the Dissenters , whose every liope and'thought was attached to the emancipation of our sable brethren . In rain do the heavy
bag-• gage of "Whig magazines direct their monthly artillery ^ against the enemies of the "Whigs and their bantling , measures of fiefonn . Tho ? e were the engines by i whieh power was long preserved in the hands of a « mall minority for the subjugation—not for the Government—of the majority . All have now lost their influence . Had the Canterbury Massacre taken ¦ p lace in the good old times of Toryism , some other LAMB * would have been foTlnd to move a vote of
-thanks to the Magistrates and their murderous associates- ; and the LAMBS of the . present day 'would be Hothing loathe to follow the old precedent irere it not for the growth of intelligence and the dread of physical force . Yet although the just tribute 38 withheld from the batcher ? , is not humanity and -law equally outraged , by the punishment of the -defeneeless injured , and by the mantle of innocence ¦ ana non-impeachment which has 1 > een throws over
¦ the gnilry offenders ? "We ask not for the pardon of guilty . men , bnt we demand that the punishment -which the law awards , should , in all cases , be equally -administered to the rich man and to the poor man . "We wonld tiot improperly interfere with the -dearest prerogative of the execntive , which is anercy , but even that should be administered so as to con-riaee tie whole people that it is exercised with discretion and not from caprice . In o-qx form of Government the executive should be as a stern
jodge , gi-RDg effect to the Acts of the Legislature , which should be yielding to mercy , and stern against oppression ; but in con--seqnence -of the laws being partially made , and still more partially administered , the most dis--creet portion of the community look upon the victims of the law as martyrs rather than offenders . On ^ Thursday next we shall have a Queen formally jiroposed as the head of the Government . In her heart should -dwell all the attributes which are the
distinguishing = charms of woman ; but " who will instil into-her joung mind the wholesome fact , that the © mission of right is the commission of wrong ? "Who ¦ will tell her that she reigns by the eonsent of the ^ reop le , non-ekctors as well as electors , and that the people are considered as the legitimate source of her power ; that for their good alone- she holds it , and that-any improper use of it absolves the people from that allegiance , to which every man is supposed solemnly to pledge himself ? The benefits ¦ which will be that day conferred , will be but of the
< lay ' s duration ; while the injustice to be perpreiated by an accession of hereditary legislators , ¦ will be as lasting as our present system of Go-Temgient . The reason why a Monarch is snp-• posed . to derive all power from the people , is , because all the people are supposed to have a -voice in the enacting of those laws , through their . representatives , the last appeal from which—in ^ cases of doubt or fitting exercise of merey—should be made -to the supreme Magistrate of the
nation . The people , however , ( finding that the prerogative of the monarch became a mere bastard -ihingj when the -ctowb waB robbed of its brightest igem , the acknowledgment of its universal derivation , ) -have become shaken in their loyalty , and visit the jsna of the legislature , which does not represent . them , upon the monarch ,-who can only represent -1 Jm £ class by whom , znd for whom , the laws are jnade , namely , the elective body and their representatives . These cireamstances have' divided the
3 » toon jinto two distinct classes ; that is , the one 3 > o 3 y iaving elective power , and . the other body Slaving non-elective influence , which is supposed to i * " best and most wisely used , when it is most 3 » ec % opposed to their enfranchised brethren . Mather-is this the only inooosigtency which exists In « ar politjcal society ; the fact of members not always being the feir organs of their -own constituents , in , creasts discontent ; " and then again , still greater rfSswote ** and dissatisfatian is manifested by the consiitBents of the minority , -who ' with the
nonelectors , look upon themselves as not being represented at all . H £ oae we find society disorganized 4 ad the human family set at variance , so as never * o £ e reconciled ijlltbe iasgp of a majority of tie whole people govern iliewhole _ people , when every individual will ^ looknpon his ann . as the physical force which is te ' jgjye effect to his mor * l power . ' Let , then , ihe -rabble press of England join in giving to ~ &e peopie that power , which time and - eircum-• taaifiEg . wiU . teach them to exerciae with discretion , instgad ^ of fennfciug zhem vita Ignorance , without giving them aa opportunity of proving . their know--. * The psewnt Lori Uiibovroe is the Hoar Mr . Limb , who jnored a vote of thanks , w the Common * , to the murderers of tf » people at ftjfejjoo , ^
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ledge ; "We have frequently discussed fte question of UniTersai Suffirage , " a » d here we offer a word « apon Annoal Parliaments . Members are supposed to be the representatives of some < xmstitnent body , and yet ^ from our systein serf legislation , it may « o happen , that « fter * five , four , threej or even two years , by deaths , Temovals , failures , new votes acquired , * nd other changes , that « ot one . fonrth of the oW . constituency may have a political existence , whiVe Hie member is still supposed -to be
the representaftiTC of the -whole body Surely , when an annual examination is requisite for the masters , the servaat , should be « ubjectea to a similar probation . TJ < niwsal Suffrage we know t 3 * e -value of , and for Annual Parliaments , we shall only say , let the represeatatiTeref cim ^ fter each session to Hs constituents , asd recave their smiles as arewardfor virtue , their frowns as a punishment for vice , and then , but not till then , shaH we be governed by iaws dictated by reason , and framed with discretion .
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TO THE EDITORS O ¥ THE NORTHERN STAR . Londen , June 20 th , 1838 . My Dear Sirs , —Two features in your paper of last week have given gener-al satisfaction here : I mean Oasttler ' s magnificent letter to Earl Pitzwilliam , and the paragraph in which you recommend that the £ 207 , 720 . Us . at present deposited in the Leeds , Skyrack , and Morley Savings' Banks should be forthwith " invested in land for one of Robert Ovrrc ' s Committees . " Your London Radical friends are delighted with Oastlek ' s
letter , and the Socialists are in raptures with the other . "Why have not these parties a better mutual understanding ? "Why do they not make Common Cause , since their inieiests are one and the same ? Or , if they cannot agree to think so , why do they not practice , mutual forbearance ? For the life of me , I cannot comprehend why the friends of Universal Suffrage , and the friends of Socialism should not , in all possible cases , reciprocally aid one another . For my own part , while I yield to no Radical Reformer in my zeal for Universal Suffrage , and to
no Socialist in my zeal to see the present vicious and insane state of competitive society give place to free and happy communities , I cannot but regard it as a melancholy proof of the ignorance of the two parties , when I find them ( as too frequently happen ?) crossing each other ' s path , and dealing in mutual doubts , and misgivings , each , as to the views and objects of the other , instead of mutual co-operating , endeavouring each to realise the plans and prospects of the other . I have said , ' their interests are one and the same . ' I repeat the assertion . I assert , also , that however apparently different their ultimate views and objects may be , they must in the
long run , meet at the same point , and the parties themselves become all members of the same great family . Happiness , real terrestrial happiness , is the grand common aim of both . Neither can be happy so long as they are the / victims of an oppTessive system , which debars them from being free agents , and thereby renders it impossible for them to acquire wealth , knowledge , leisure in the various other et ceteras , which are essential to human felicity . I repeat , therefore , that the "views of each must be in substance the same , and that if there be any grounds of difference between them , it can be only as the modus operandi , or means .
But ought they to quarrel about the modus operandi , or means ? I think not . Practically speaking , differences of opinion cannot be avoided , but the usual accompaniments and consequences of them , — namely , reciprocal distrust and counteraction , —may , and ought to ie , avoided . Upon this point it is that I wish to fix the attention of both . There are many sincere Radical Reformers who believe that social communities ( such as Mr . Owen contemplates ) are mere phantom . of the brain which could never exist in practice , and that Universal Suffrage would lead
to all that is requisite for human happiness , without them . There are , upon the other hand , many sincere socialists who , in the eagerness of their enthusiasm to jump at once into community , regard all mere political changes as delusive and worthless , and who , treating Universal Suffrage as a mere political change , wonld class it in the same obsolete category , and consign it to the same common sewer of contempt , as they would "CstaolicEmancipatioD , " the "Whi g " Reform Act , " or any other fraudulent innovation of by-gone politics . Now , without
asking or expecting these extreme parties to change theiT opinions at once , I cannot possibly see any feasible reason why they should not practically coalesce and make common cause ; each co-operat ing with the other , to work out their respective salvation in their own way . They are both honest , — -both eager for information , —both open to conviction . The real Radical does not deny the right of the Socialist to go into community : the real Socialist does not deny the right of the Radical to have Universal Suffrage . Here are
at once the elements of union , —here is a solid connecting link between the two parties . The mere Universal Suffrage man may be sceptical as to the practicability of social commnnities , but he does not deny the right of the Socialists to establish them , if if they can . The mere Socialist , on the other hand , may despise Universal Suffrage , as a means to an end , bnt he does not dispute its justice , much less deny the Radical's right to be happy in his own way . Indeed neither party can directly oppose the -views of the other without proclaiming himself false to his
own creed , and unworthy of tte advantages he is in quest of . If therefore they sometimes coce into collision , itis not as calculating foes , having opposite views and incompatible interests to support , but as moody Sectarians devoured by the spirit of propagandism , and predisposed for a rupture in the exact proportion that their excessive zeal renders them impatient of contradiction , and blind to the advantages of every system but their own . Now this is an evil which ought to be guarded against . I have so oftened witnessed its baleful effects , that
were ! tojndge tbefotore by the past ) I should despair of humanity . It is a melancholy and long recognised truth , that the nearer Sectarians approximate to one another in creed , the more apt are they to quarrel , and the more unappeasible are their quarrels . This is more peculiarly the case where the parties happen to suffer under a common oppression . Oppression naturally makes men irritable , and we all know how prone to dissention are those who meet to compare creeds under circumstances of irritation . Many is the worthy Socialist , and many is the worthy Radical , I have known to split upon this
rock . Thanks to the progress of knowledge , both parties are more numerous now than they have ever been before . Were they only as united as they are numerous they would be irresistible . Indeed yonr Northern Star has already done much to unite them , but a great deal more remains yet to be done . If I mistake not , all the more intelligent Socialists are becoming Radicals , and all the more intelligent Radicals are becoming Socialists ; I find this to be the case in London , I knew it to be the case in Birmingham , and from the letter of Mr . Pinch , and others in the Star , I conclude that the same
proeesB of amalgamation is geing on in the north . Every intelligeat Radical Iconverse with is anxious to see the greatexperimentof a « f > mmaiuiy tried opon Mi . Owen ' s plan , and under Mr . Owbu ' S auspices . Every intelligent Socialist I cenverse with i « eqmally . desirous to see the Home of Commons elected by Universal Suffrage . Itis only the less-informed of both parties who deal intolerantly by one another .
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Time and good examp 5 e » will doubtless remedy the evik Let « sb . epe so afany rate . For mysfelf I will oply g ayy'th&tif my imfiRnce ' oyer both , wete equal to fay wishes for their welfare ^ they would not long re ^ Hsto disunitei . I would Bay to the Radicals—¦^ l end the Socialists all the assistance in your power to establwh communities , '' and to the Socialists ^ '¦?* lend the Radicals all the assistance in your power to -establish Universal Suffrage . " To both parties I would say— " Cooperate with one another in every possible way—aid one another in ) getting up pubRe meetings , g ive the weight of yo . ur names and combers to eacti other ' s petitions--subscribe
for the same funds—help to circulate the same publications- —accommodate one another with your respective chapels , halls , or places of jaeetuag—in a werd , whatever each of you undertakes , letiim have every practicable encouragement and succour from < he other . 'It is in this spirit , Gentlemen , that I cordially unite with my brother Socialists in London , in thanking yo « for your advice to those who have deposited their earnings in the Leeds Skyrae , and Morley Savings' Bank . The balaaoe in the T > ank , you say , is £ 207 , 270 118 . This would purchase 2 , 000 acres of good land forever , and leave a large surplus besides building , stock , utensils , &c . That
the depositors in question may adoptyour recommendation is my sincere prayer . Tbe money could not be appropriated to a nobler or more beneficial use . But while recommending the purchae of laud for communities , let us not lose sight of the millions of acres of which we have been most iniquitiously despoiled by the Aristocracy . In my letter of the 2 ndinst . j I have shewn that in the reigns of the three first Georges , the Aristocracy passed not less than 2 , 287 Inclosure Acts , by which , at ' a moderate calculation , not less than 6 i millions of acres have been taken from the people . Since then , I observe , by a reference to the " Black Book ; " and to a work
entitled " A Key to loth Mouses of Parliament , "* - that more than 4 , 000 Inclosure Bills in all have been passed , which would , doubtless , carry the amount of spoliation to at least 10 million acres . , Now Universal Suffrage is worth struggling for , if it were only to get back those land ? . Where is the Socialist that will refuse us his co-operation in trying to recover our plundered domains ? ' Remember that in seeking to regain possession of those lands , we seek only what is strictly and sacredly our own . The lands in question belonged to the people from time immemorial . They belonged to them by the strongest and most sacred of all titles , the title of imprescriptible
right . No feudal law on parchment had given them , ( for they had belonged to the people of the respective parishes in which they are situate , ) before laws or parchment were known . Not feudal law or parchment could therefore take them away , except by an act of atrocious robbery . They were in fact ( as theterm imprescriptible implies ) inalienable by even the parishes themselves , forit was only the useof them , not the lands themselves , which belonged to the parishioners . As to the lands themselves , they belonged to all generations , past , present , and future , born with the parishes , each generation having , in its turn , the right to use and enjoy them ; but no generation having the right to alienate them from its successors , more than it could have prevented the enjoyment of them by its predecessors . One would
suppose that if any species of property ought to have been held inviolate , it was this . But when or where were aristocrats ever known to respect the property of the common people ? Under pretence that those common lands might be rendered u more profitable to the State" by bein ^ enclosed and appropriated , jn part , to tillage , the boroughmongera allowed ihe aristocracy to take and enclose ti » fw ^ o ! t ,. in s ( T doing , they made no provision in the Enclosure Acts for securing the rents to the lawful proprietors , to whom the lands had always , and do still , in right , belong . Oh no ! the boroughmongering aristocracy took care to keep the rents to themselves . And mark with what consummate art the villains went to work . Instead of passing one general Act for the enclosure of all " wastes" or commons ( which would
have saved an infinity of trouole and expense , ) they spread the spoliation over a period of nearly two hundred years , seizing the lauds bit by bit , or taking only a little each time , so that the plundered parties might have no excuse or motive for a general insurrection against the spoliators . This is so well explained by the author of the " Key to both Houses , " that I cannot do better than conclude this letter with the passage alluded to : — : " The writers in the Black Book expresa their regret that a general law has never been enacted for the enclosure of teasle lands in parishes ; seeing that ' since the beginning of the last century , no leas than 4 , 000 Bill * have been parted Tor the said
purpose . ' As it is plain that these gentlemen did not understand the subject the / were writing upon ,- —and as it is a lamentable fact ( from the juggling tricks which have been played off on the people of England , in regard to the transmutation of words from their true , ancient , and legitimate meaning , ) that very few persons know anything of the matter , —the present writer will endeavour , by a supposed parallel case , t « explain to his readers why it was that a' general Acf could not very easily be passed for such * endotures ;'—the enforcement of which , at all event * , would have been attended with a trifling inconvenience- We will snppose that the Kings of England and the two Houses ef Parliament had , during the last century , been amusing themselves in confiscating the
estates and mansions of no less than 40 , 000 of the rich landholders and gentry of England ; and that the writers of the Black Book lamented that the three branches of the Legislature had n » more regard for their own time or the people ' s money , than to be thus wasting both , piecemeal ; when , byonesweeping Act , they might have confiscated the property often time * the number . Will not every man allow that the pausing of such a general law wonld have been no easy matter ; and that , even Parliament , with all its ' omnipotence , ' could not have enforced its execution ? Certainly ! The forty thousand landholders would have met and united to protect each other ; and , pethapB , maTching towards Westminster Hall , —as the Normaa Barons did to Kunnymede , —thev would hare asked
the Legislators what they meant by such wholesale robbery . Far different , however , would have been the result had such coonscatory Acts been passed one at a time : the landholders would in that ease have been easily overpowered , and compelled to put up quietly with the loss of their lands ; as tHa poor Janinaries of Constantinople , —who a few years ago were entrapped by the l » te Sultan into the Castle of the Seven Towera , —were obliged to submit , singly , to the loss of their heads . Now , then , for the applicatian of the two cases : — the 4 , 000 supposed confiscations would hare * been no mare nor less robberies , than were the ' 4 , 000 enclosures of waste leftA , ' decreed by the above Acts : these * ttatte lands were not waste lands ; for they yielded grass , herbage , and other provender
for all the c&tUe , aheep , horses , aaaes , geese , turkeys , and poultry , of all the people of each parish to which they belonged . They were the COMMONS'LANDS of the parishes of . England ; and whilst they afforded every thing to the people but the grain with which they made tneir bread , not the least useof them , as was intended by their immortal distributor , Alfred , was , that their ample surfaces should be the perpetual playgrounds of the rising generation v—the May-day and other holiday scenes for the diversion of the young men and maidens of the village;—and that they should be the arena on which the surrounding yeomanrv were to practise those feats of arms which kept Franceand other countries in awe ^ when Englishmen were ENGLISHMEN . It was a great piece of
scoundrelism in the man who first called these commons " Wastes ; " ' and no less so in those who hare perjietTiated the freebooting delusion . - This nickname , with tbe bit-b y-bil manner in which the parish lands have been enclosed , were the only things which , saved the bacon of the confiscators had a 'general' law been passed , at any period , for the enclosure of all the common * in England , not a spark of life would have been left in the carcasses of any of the spoliators , at the end of a month after ita enactment . JFatUt , indeed!—the authors of the Black Book ought to have known that the enly teastet in England ) Scotland , and Ireland , are the moors and uplands belonging to the King , the Nobility , and the Gentry ; which extensive tracts are useful for no earthly purpose but for shootingand hunting w 3 d aousals ; and yet , when do we hesref Acts of Parliament for the enclosure of any of these ? No ,. no ! the great landholders have always been too Rood itidaea « f their own interaats
for that . In the teeth of the Teatti Commtodment , they preferred to increase their ample domains , byj «» veting the lands of their poorer neighbours . Whene ^ three or four of these cormorants thought fit to p » TCel « 4 t a coftjjlous common among themselves , they set the greatest rofMbf an attorney in the district , to draw a BiQ , and to go roortd the parish for a sufficient number of signatures , or amtcnts , ofthe poor denls , who were thus required to sell their own and their great-Krandchaaren ' s birth-rights for a mess of pottage ant woebetided the miserable cottager , whether male orfeoiaie , —old or y « mg ,- ^ widow or orphan , —who ftfased to sign the fatal deed ! Tfarir wretohftd alt « native was toAoose between the ejection of themselves and families from their hovel * an * homesteads , or of thrar cattle , ( heir donkeys , and their geese , from the common which had beea bequeathed by their forefktheis to them aad to their children , FOR EVER !"
I shall make ho comment on this paragraph : it speaks for itself . . - ¦ Tonrs , &c . :.. - : ¦ > & ' . BRONtEKRE .
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0 T THBLEEJJ 3 NEWSPAPERS . ..: '"' ' Stamp * furnished Weekly in four months . Average , ¦ ¦ - . ¦ . ¦• ¦ - v ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦¦ - •• ¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ -: ¦ ' : ¦ 18 Weeks . * NORTHERN STAR 176 , 800 9 , 822 Leeds Mercury .......... 170 , 637 9 , 480 Leeds intelligehcer ........ 60 , 000 3 , 333 Leeds Times .............. 48 , 000 2 , 666 The actual Consumption is 179 , 800 , averaging weekly V * 9 O «* ¦ . ' . ¦¦ ¦¦ , . "¦¦ ¦¦
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Mr . Acland once more . —We give below Mr . F . O'Connor ' s final answer to this gentleman , relative to ihe discussion on the New Poor Law . - This replication should have appeared in our last , but for the fact , that though personally addressed to Mr . O'Connor , Mr . Acland ' a letter was forwarded , in the first instancej to the Mercury Office , and then sent to the Northern Star Office , an Friday morning . Mr . O ' Connor being out of town , did not , of course , see it until Saturday , after our paper was published . Why the letter was not first sent to the person to whom it was addressed , Mr . Acland and the Mercury can best explain ^ ( a copy . }
Leeds , 18 th June . Sir , — -I beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter . You call me dictatorial ; 1 shall not retort . You do not accept my challenge . I accept yours ^ with the exceptions of charge for admission , ( I never have charged for any service I have rendered the public—I never shall , ) and the time , which can make no difference . I am pledged to attend a meeting at Newcastle , on the 28 th , and shall be ready in a few days after that period . Thus I leave to you the selection of the place , the topics for discussion , and the order of speech . Should you be inclined to meet me , please address , Post Office , Newcastle-upon-Tyne . Your obedient servant ,
FEARGUS O'CONNOR . To T . Acland , Esq . > Post Office , Liverpool , y Our Scotch Agents . —As we have not recevied any orders for portraits from our Scotch Agents , we do not send them till next week , when we sjiall expect timely orders . We received 8 s . 6 d . on Saturday last , from a few friends , at Clifford , for assisting in the prosecution of Mr . Justice Clapham . J . Sykes , Slaithwaite . —His letter on the condition i of the handloom weavers hus been receivedbut Us contents have been often stated , both by ourselves and other writers , in the Star . He will , therefore , see the impropriety of our inserting it .
Thomas Beggs . —His poetry has been received , and is under consideration . J . B . Bottling Wood , Wigan . — We cannot comply with his " fervent request . " We have no recollection of more than one previous communication from him , which was noticed in our answers to Correspondents . Hebden Bridge . ^— We have received £ 1 from the Secretary of the u Claphain Justice Fund . " Errata in our last . — -Im Mr . Oastler ' s letter , page 7 , col . 2 , paragraph 3 .--Line in that paragraph , 7 , for " rates , " in italic * , read " Rents , " in Capitals . jHis motto is ¦ " No Rates" —Ouks wiV / be " No-Rents . "
Mr . Cleave . -The letter of Mr . Cleave , in reference to our remarks on his speech at the Dorchester labourers' dinner , has been mislaid , and was only found a little while before going to press with our present number . It shall appear next week Local News . —< 3 wr Correspondents will oblige the readers of the Northern Star by taking care :. that their News-parcels shall not reach us later than Thursday noon . We often get shoals of local News after we have gone to press , and dissatisfaction is caussdby its omission .
Contributions . —All letters or other literary contributions intended far insertion , must be at the Office on Wednesday . We cannot pledge ourselves either to insert or notice half of the hundreds of letters we receive .
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Mr . Fletcher's case , of Halifax , has not came to hand . We shall be most happy to give our opinion upon it . The Magistrates who made the man who lost his hat pay the expences , acted illegally . Several legal questions are under consideration , but really toe must desire that querists will not seiid us long documents for perusal . Again we tell them , we will not read thein .
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XaXSESDSa JlpTAL Bounty to Mr . Wm , Hirst . —We are happy to say that the application made for the extension of the Royal Bounty to Mr . Wm . Hirst , of Leeds , has been to a considerable extent succefsful , —Lord Melbourne having ordered a grant of Two Hundred Pounds to be paid to him , ' ¦ which is the only means of relief at his Lordship's disposal which can be available for the object . " The good offices of Lord Holland materially contributed to this result . The memorial on Mr . Hirst ' s behalf was prepared and signed under the zealous attention of Mr . Benjamin Livesey , who accompanied Mr . Hirst to London . Several subscriptions have also been made for Mr . Hirst ' s relief among the mercantile houses in London .
Caution to Watchmen . ——On Wednesday last , Mr . John Gott , resident at Hnnslet , appeared before the Magistrate , charging a watchman named Charles Castletown , with assaulting him in a most violent and unprovoked manner . The complainant stated that on the evening before , he and his wife were going along Mirfield Terrace on their way home ^ . when the watchman flashed his lantern in their faces * He remonstrated with the watchman for what he termed his insolent conduct , when he
immediately pushed him off the causeway . Words ensued , and the watchman , after beating him in a most unmerciful manner , handcuffed him to bring him-to prison , and al # 6 attempted to put the handcuffs upon the man s wife , notwithstanding that the comp lainant both gave his name and address when asked , and offered to gq to the watchhouse without any violence ot compulsion . Two or three respectable witnesses bore testimony to the brutal manner in which the watchman used his staff on the
occasion , and evidently without the least cause for doing so . They also testified to the meddlesome conduct of the watchman with other persons passing along the road , aad complained that instead of taking the parties the direct road to Leeds , he went across Hunslet Moor , and took them nearly a mile out of ; their way . The watchman in his defence stated , that when he flashed his light in their faces they used abusive language , aud t&at Gott struck him and pushed him off the causeway . He admitted having struck Gottfmth his staff , and also having put the handcuffs upon him , which he said b # did , because after he had struck him , he run away . He denied having attempted to put the handcuffs on Mrs .- Gott , but the contrarary was proved by Mr .
Gott ' s witnesses . The magistrates thought the ease was a very aggravated one , ami were fully convinced that the watchman had assaulted the complainant in a most violent and unnecessary manner . They also deprecated the practice of watchmen flashing their lanterns In the faces of ¦ respectable people , and especially at so early a time of night a * half-past ten o ' clock . He was fined 40 s . and eoste , or , in default of payment , was to be committed to Wakefield / for two months . Sometime . after this judgment was pronounced , it was , proposeli to him ; to take his choice either of going to ' Wakefield for two months or of being dismissed from the service ; He chose the latter alternatiye , and was consequently dismissed . .,
; Imo ue 8 t . —Yesterday morning , an inquest was held at the Cpnrt House , on view of the body of Sarah Thornton , aged 41 , who died at the Infirmary , In consequence of having fallen from some steps a week before . Verdict ; Accidental Death .
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NojRTHEBN ' : UNioN .- ^ We un ^ eretend , th ' at the members of the Nprtkern Union will" hold & meeting at their room , in Mr . Standing's Teniperawse Coffee House , Briggate ^ this evening , at eight" o'clock , and on every Monday night , at the saioe hour . The committee for obtaining subscriptions for the pro- ' secution of Mr . Jugtice Claphamj witt meet at the same place , on Monday and Saturday evening . . Felony . —Mary Hardcastle , a washerwoman , was charged before the magistrates on . Monday last , with having stolen a silk handkerchief , the property of a woman named Mary Robinson * The prisoner had taken some clothes to a mangle , and when going away took the handkerchief in her hand under her oven bundle of clothes . She afterwaTds : sold the handkerchief to the wife of a heer-hoii 5 e | keeper , for 1 b . 6 d . and a glass of ale . The charge having been pro red she was committed for trial .
Assaulting a Watchman . —On Tuesday last , a mannamed Thomas Radcliffe , was fined 40 s . and costs , for assaulting a watchman at Hnnslet , at an early hour on Sunday morning . In default of payment he was committed to Wakefield House of Correction for two months . Caution to Secret Orders . —The Independent Odd Fellows of the Manchester Unity in the Horsforth district have lately been defrauded by an officer in the Society , of money to a considerable amount , which had'been entrusted to him to discharge some accounts connected with his office .
Forgery . —On Friday , about noo ' n , a young man went to the West Riding Bank , in Briggate , Leeds , and tendered for dincount a bill of exchange for £ 278 lOa ., purportiDg to be drawn by R . J . and W . Garnett , on Messrs . Jones , Lloyd , and Co ., bankers , London , in favour of Messrs . Jno . Srurges and Co ., or order , No . 521 , and bearing date Bradford , June 29 th , 1838 . It was indorsed " Pr . Jno . Sturges and Co ., " " Jn . Cole , " "D . Stalt and Sons , " and "J . G . Hainswortb . " The genuineness of the bill was immediately suspected , by the bankers , on account of the London firm upon whom it was drawn , as Messrs . Garnett nre in the habit of drawing upon Messrs . Williams and Co . When
the man was questioned about the bill , he stated that fee had received it that morning from Messrs , J . and Hainsworth , of Farsley , and that he was agent to Mr . Akeroyd , of Halifax . This statement did not mwch improve the appearance of the matter , and he Was detained until Mr . Read , chief constable , was sent for . On his arrival , the man gave the same account to him . In answer to further jquestions , he said that his name was Broadben . t Mason , and that he resided in George ' s-street , Halifax ; but there is reason to believe that he resided in the
neighbourhood of Bradford . He was immediately brought before Messrs . Stansfield and Musgrave , who were sitting on the bench at that period . He ' was remanded until Saturday , when the parties whose named he had forged appeared and proved the offence against the prisoner , He made no defence , and he was committed for trial to York Castle . In prison he had written two letters , one to a brother at Bradford , the other to a respectable firm in Leeds , in whose service he had been sometime previously employed ; in both of which he admitted having done wrong .
Insolvent Debtors' Couht . —On Monday a Court for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors was held at the Court House , Wakefield , before Mr . Commissioner Bowen , when the following Insolvents were disposed of . Discharged forthwith , Ann Walker , of Knaresbro ' , draper ; Abraham Hall , of Doneaster , nurseryman and gardener ; Wm . Stokes , of Doneasrer , coal dealer , hair dresser , and beer seller ; Wm . Woodson , of Wakefield , journeyman joiner ; William Ashforth , and Isaac Ashforth , of Schole . ' , near Rotherham , nail makers ; Henry Crookes , of Sheffield , printer ; J . Nell Gilson , of Halifax , out of business ; Thomas Bridges , of Sheffield , hatter ; Thos . Hasland , of Sheffield , blade forger ; Edward Hutton , of Sheffield , publican . Remanded—James W . Bell , Rotherham ^ adjourned to York ; Richard Watson , Allerton Bywater ,
publican and horse dealer , adjourned tp next circuit , or discharged conditionally on paying £ 198 . 9 s . 6 d . into Court , or allowing the creditors to . have the property equally ; Benjamin Roberts , jun ., of Stanningley , near Leeds , joiner , to go back four months from the filing of his petition ; Septimus Wragg , of Sheffield , cutler , to go back for seven months , from the filing of his schedule . The Rev . Tho-v Kilby , late of Wakefield , to go back for six months from the date of filing his schedule . In this case the teamed Commissioner merely loeked over the papers produced at the last examination , and stated that he had bad a conference with the Chief Commissioner Reynolds , when it was concluded to remand as above . The decision , we understand will lengthen out Mr . Kilby ' s confinement for about six . weeks longer .
Horsforth Church Rates . —On Saturday , the 16 th inst ., a meeting of the rate payers of this township , was held by adjournment , irom the 16 th June , 1837 , to consider , the propriety of laying a church rate , Mr . Charles Fletcher in the chair . The churchwarden produced an estimate of the expenses for the ensuing year , the various items of which amounted in the aggregate to about £ 23 . 13 s . He also brought an account of the debts which had been incurred during the two last years , arid which
are yet undischarged , but stated at the same time that he did not think of asking for more than apenny in the pound , which on the present valuation would raise about £ 30 , thus leaving a small balance towards outstanding debts . The several items in -the estimate were then read over and put to the meeting seriatim , when the whole of them were disallowed , in consequence of which neither the churchwarden , nor any of his friends thought proper to ask for a rate at all .
Owenites . —Mr . J . Rigby , delivered two lectures on Sunday last , in elucidation ofthe new views of society held by Mr . Owen and his adHerents , in the large and splendid Music Saloon , South Parade . The room was crowded on both eccasions—and , in the evening , a . lady offered some remarks to the large assembly at the close of the lecture , which were patiently and attentively heard by all present , and mildly commented upon by Mr . Rigby ,. in reply . The room in which these lectures are given is decidedly the best room for public purposes that we have in Leeds . It is the best adapted for the conveyance of sound of any in the town , and has the
advantange of a large and commodious gallery , capable of seating from 200 to 300 persons . The room is fitted up , too , in a manner at once comfortable and neat , while the decorations reflect credit on the taste and judgment of the proprietor , Mr . Walton . A large and powerful organ occupies the upper end of the room , and its tones are put into requisition by the Socialists , on Sundays , to vary and enliven their proceedings . We understand that it is their intention to get a up Social Festival for Monday night week , which we sincerely hope may have a tendency to improve the habits and feelings of the working people . Mr . Rigby will lecture again , we believe , on Sunday next .
Groundless Charge . —On Thursday last , William Collycot , a beer-housekeeper , of Timble Bridge , was summoned before the magistrates on the information , of a policeman , to answer the charge of having disorderly persons in his house on Monday afternoon last . Mr . Nay lor ably conducted the case for the defendant , and after a patient hearing of the case , in Which the most incongruous statements were made by the informant and his witnesses , the magistrates dismissed the case as being without any proof to substantiate the charge .
High Notions . -On Thursday last ; a poor insane girl was placed in the docks at the Rotation Office , having been taken up by a policeman under the following circumstances . On the night previously , though without money , she hired a hackney coach to carry her to the White Horse , in Boarlane , when having arrived there , "" she sent a messenger to order a coach and four to take her to Lord Harewood's , and refused to come out of the hackxjey coach till the other was ready . From her appearance it was at once perceived that she could want nothing of the kind ; and she was therefore taken out ofthe hackney coach , and conveyed to the police office . On her way , she said to the policeman , that she would not be talked to by him , for she was ^ he lady of the town . Her mother took her home , and promised to take care of her .
Stealing a Smith's Anvil . —On Tuesday , Edward Rogers was brought up at the Court House , charged with having , on the previous night , stolen an ainvil , the property of George Hutchinson , who resides in the Golden Cock Yard , in Kirkgater He had pulled down a portion of the wall of the building to gain an entrance , and was apprehended by Sotheran , a watchman , near the premises ^ with the article in hifi possession . He was committed for trial to Wakefield House of Correction .
Nicholas Nicklebyv—A literary friend of ours , well versed in the machinery of novel making , after Inspecting the published numbers of this popular work , has hazarded the prophecy , that , in the next number , we shall have Nicholas beating ^ Mh Waekford Squeera in his own school-room , with his own cane , hefore all the boys . He also thinks it not unlikely that the gentle Miss Squeers will oompliment the lugs of her unmanageable " lovier "~ " that should have been '—with a few sound thumps from a long brush . -
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"' . MEttcOHiAt M ^ 3 ttBpiS 8 ^ NXA ^ ON .- — -0 ^ neighbour the Mercury is ^ very . ' apt at nrisre prewiS mg ] . thihg 8 . In his remarks on . the ' ferociouVa £ tack of Mr . O'Connor on " Justic ^ " Clapia ^ he represents Mr . O'Connor as pledging Kmself t i give up his paper in . case ^^ he do not succeed in dnvine Gfapfaam ftom Leeds . Mr . O'Connor a « no such thiDg . Mr . O'Connor said , thatif thene on ^ did not gapport him ; in his prosecution lof ¦ Clapham he should cease to be the proprietor pf aT JaS which had been established for their penefit . Tt people do support him beyond his bichest ern . *^
tions . But m any case the paper could } hot Wive * up . Mr » O'Connor . may retire from ihe prophetor ship whenever he pleases—the Northern Star w £ not be given up on that account . It ( is the pater of the people—devoted to their interests , supported by their power , * nd will , never be given up till the * are determined that it shall ; j ' Cancer . —It is probable that , of all the "ttion sand ills that desk is heir to , " thij is tne most pain " ful and distressing ; , it has always been accounted the most difficult of cure , and any modejof treatmen t by which the sufferings , of the unfortunate victims of this dreadful malady can be ^ safelv and e 8 w > h . aii »
alleviated , must be regarded , as a great boon to society . Hence it is that we have great pleasure fa directing the attention of our readers to' Mr . Ward ^ advertisement , from which they will perceive that many who have experienced great henefit from that gentleman ' s experience apd skill , bear Itestim oBv £ the efficacy of his system . ! OU © FBtLows ^ -the Grand United Orier d Odd Fellows heldL their annual meeting at the Cro ^ a and Fleece Inn , Crown street , commeneine on Monday , June 4 th , and terminating on j Wednesdaf evenisg week , to the entire satisfaction of the assem . bled
delegates . Sheffield wag re-appointed the seat of government , and the former committee of manage ; ment re-elected for the ensuing year . [ The above order is the first of the secret orders ] bearing the title of Odd Fellows established in England . The Grand Lodge was formerly held in London , hot was transferred to Sheffield in the ] year 1798 . The then Duke of Clarence was Grand ' Master the governing power being vested in ; the Gnil Lodge until September 13 th j 1837 , when [ the majo % of the Order at a delegate meeting , changed the system of government to an annual imeetiHg ^ delegates , out of which a committee ; o ' f manage , ment should he annually chosen .
Rascality . —We have received information of a most rascally piece of business having been per . petrated at Swillington last week , by a scuuhdrel who assumed the character of a peace officer , for the purpose of entrapping and fleecing the unwary We have not had time to enquire sufficientl y into the facts as yet , but if we nn » i the account given to us to be accurate , we will shew up the villain in L « true colours . , Accident . —A child unfortunately fell into the water , near the top of Harrison-row , New Road .
end , which was soon followed by its mother , who out of anxiety for its safety , committedP herself likewise to the water , which very much endangered the lives of both , and had it not been for the timelj assistance of Mr . O'Rooke , who fearlessly ventured his own life for the sake of rescuing them , they would both , without any doubt , have found j watery grave . This is the second accident of a similar nature that has happened here within a shott time , and all from the neglect of the own en of ih property , who ought to have the pond palisaded or builtonthe upper side . ¦ ..
The Explosion on board the Victoria . —We are sorry to record the death of three wore of the sufferers who were scalded by ihe bursting ofj boiler on board the Hrill steam ship Victoria m . Thursday last * John Asher , one of the stokeig , who was taken on board the Dreadnought hospital , ship , directly after the dreadful occurrence , died yesterday . This nnfortunate man was a member of the Jewish persuasion , and ? for some time iilled the situation of a police constable in the H divisioi of the metropolitan force , but he * was anxious t » learn the duties of an engineer qf a steamer , ani for that purpose procured an engagemen as Ktokeroi
board the Victoria , in which he remained until the late explosion . The first and second engineers , Jacob Evans and William Colville , died last night These unfortunate men have both left wives mi families to deplore their sad fatej and the distress H their relatives and friends at the sad calamity whid has depriyed society of many valuable and worthi menis-yery great * Poor Barton , the only snryiyor f was dying last night at his . lodgings at Deptfort , and we fear by this time w no more ; making a allj nine victims to the list explosion on bcari the Victoria , five men "fifiviri ^' bea * Jelled on t former Occasion by thebnrstinfl'ofan ^ ra ^ feaner in tit
same vesseL The engineers , previous to their deathly sulemul t declared that the gratings and boilers of tie victoria steam-ship were defective in fiipir constrn > ¦ tion , arid it turns out tfeot Mr . Holdingy of HoH , engineer , who ^ visited the ! Fic / oria previous to tlj first accident , expressed his opinion " tfiat the- praciple on which the machinery was constracte / wi ( not safe , and appeared to anticipate the catastropia whichhave twice occurred within three monthi ' A letter to this effect has been received in London and it is believed that Mr . Holding , or Hblden , tril be examined when the jury resume the investiaatki
Mr . Baker , the coroner , was informed of the dead of Asher in the conrse of the- morning , and by Is directions the body was removed to the house < l Messrs . Thurley and James , ^ the uadertakers , a Sliadwell . The coroner issued summonses for tie attendance of the same jury who were impanneW to inqnire into the deaths of t ; he other sufferers a Saturday last , to meet in the evening at ' the Wat * man ' s Arms , in Lower Shadwellj to be sworn in » make inquiry into the death of Asher , andtifl adjoprn nntil the adjournment day , Tuesday afe * noon next , when the investigation will be resnmei
Explosion of a Powder Magazine .-On the . 5 tb inst ., a powder magazine , sito ? within three quarters of a league from St . ; Gall , a Switzerland blew up with a tremendous noise , ad occasioned the death of eleven indiyiduals . A pebble , flung over the wall by a child , having 8 tro against a nail of the roof , the sparks set fire tii the powder dust which covered it , and this produced the explosion . -
The Theatre . —Mrs . Honey has been prowling her syren stay during the present week . Gitf credit is due to the enterprising , manager for the spirited manner in which he labours for ¦ pulfic gratification . We sincerely hope he may be # quately remunerated ; but are sorry that the attendance on those nights when we have happened tob there , scarcely justifies the expectation , ; 5 fc * Honey ' s second engagement closed last night .
Mr . Hill's Sabbath Sermon . —We are requested to say , that this valuable and moch expert ^ tract , which should have been in the hands of & the booksellers to-day , is printed , but an aeddetj has prevented the possibility of its being publish t ill next Saturday , when , it will be seen froro- the advertisement , it may be had from any bookseller , of any agent ^ ^ for the Northern Star . The Circus , —This talented company sostato ite attractions . The place is crammed out ; e « jt night ; and all express the highest satisfaction st w . skill and tact of the several perfonners .
Steam Boat Accident at Renfrew- - Mrs . Lachlan , who was so severely injured , di «^ J " Friday , about mid-day . Mr . Leckie , another ^ ferer , died on Saturday , making in ali &or " **? An examination of the captain and eng inee 1 ^ Gallachar took place on Friday , before SJff » Campboll , at Paisley . We ha ^ je not heard thaW blame is attachable to the parties ; and oa av ^ inquiries on tbe spot ^ we learn that the presswe ^ been taken off the boiler when letting oat » J * senger at Renfrew-ferry , ; and that it had np t- ^; been put on when the accident took p lace .- o ™ ; gow Chronicle . ¦
; . ;; . ; . "WAKEFIELD . .,. . „ Ossett . —The proceeds of the Ossett ^ urMP amounte to upwards of £ 80 , which wa \ , * il gj tween £ 40 and £ 50 to the school , when all exp ^ are paid . .: . ¦ ¦ ¦ . - ¦ : ASHTOK . . : . ; , ¦ Glasgow Cotton Spinners . —The V ^ -m Ashton , have forwarded .. . to the proper < & **! % . sura of £ 14 . 10 s . towards snpporting tne ¦ jiw » families ot the Glasgow victims . W *???? & happy to see some means adopted for provwiiig . dent relief , for the iamilies of the hrave me ^_ * ^ are now wearing the corrodinjj fetters of tneop ^ y sot ' , and smarting tmder the laah of the tyraDH < their independent resistance to the full domim capital overlabour , : ¦;
GLOSSOP . , i , ^ CtAPHiM Epnd . —The Working Me ? s A& ^ tion has commenced a subscription , ^ \ f ~ fM already to pearly £ 3 towards prosecnti »^™ Y nr 1 * Justice Claphamj the Leeds max istraw ^ " ^ behavionf in reference to Bridget Cone . , •»« . ^ stand the sum stated above will be donWea ^ course of a week or two . i ; t - - NEW WILLS . -npp&f e are informed there will be a pnhhc gj ¦ .-. this evening in new mills ; and that Mr-, p , » of StalybrBge , has been invited to attej ^ explain the five important and randamen jrXre «* pies of Radicalism . A numerous af . S ^« e the people is expected , and we ^ nnaenwy ^ therisuft will be the downfan of the WWfMJToriesj and the formation of a sound R ^ c * ° ^ ciation . ¦ :
Liejeds And West-Riding New3.
liEjEDS AND WEST-RIDING NEW 3 .
Legal Questions.
LEGAL QUESTIONS .
To Readers & Correspondents
TO READERS & CORRESPONDENTS
Eel1tive Circulation
EEL 1 TIVE CIRCULATION
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l ^ ppillf |^^ 3 Eii ¥ ¦ ' Of THE IJIMdfcTAL MtltY HUNT , ( J ? rom an ^ Original Painting , ) Wttt he preseated to every YoRKSHIRB P « rcha 8 er of the NORTHERN STAR of THIS DAY , flaturday , the 23 rd of June , 1 « 38 .
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k TEll NftRT ^^ , ^ JxmtM , 1838 ^
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), June 23, 1838, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct526/page/4/
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