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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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DISCUSSION AT MANCHESTER BETWEEN MR . BUCHANAN AND THE REV . J . R . STEPHENS . In our last , we g * vs a report of the first evening ' s discussion between these gentlemen ; the foUotrrag is the substance of what * ccBrred on the second evening . It was received too late for onr'I&st . Mr . BrciiAKAN , is opening the discussion , remarked , that on the last evening , very little was done towards tho settlement of tbe great qui-stioa brought forward In bis cpeniag addrei ? he had laid before them in a clew numcer the whole of the system , beginning with tbosa fects which he thought most essential ; and in the eonr&e of the drhite . he had pointed cmt the necessity of » ome grtatchax . se ; thtt the change which they ; the Socialists prop-Krd was of all otters , best calculated to effect
the objects of benevolent mind * . His opponent did cot seens dkpese-vt to go fiirly into the question « f tie principles which fenced the corner stone of their society , bat nitre ' iy to . criticise . He last night wished ts explain the facts upjn which the Kew Moral World \ nis interded to be based . It appeared to him that hi * exponent was not going into an examination « f the principles , fcut merely to l&fce them bit by bit , not to show whether they ware false so much as to shew wheiher they were logical cr illogical He had called upon him ( ilr . B . ; to gire an interpretation of the fire fundamental facts . It ws 3 quite clear that he ( Mr . Buchanan ' bad must to do—te wis asied to prove every thire wfci ' . e his opponent was merely going to criticise . He Wi 3 B&usSed that he could make the principles clear to its understiidvE * of the whole of that assembly . He
th € n ret . d the five facts , and the laws of the society , tsics frcrn the took of the New Moral World . Mr . Stephens ha ^ l e ^ qaired what they meant by the terra compound be ; Eg , ur . i br ihe circumstances acting up ? n ids or ^ ani ? &t . "rL Ore man might ask questions in five ndirut « which -ffju ' . d take an hour or ttro to answer ; t £ would , hjweTir , gives de £ nition of w > at he conceived the word ecrrpenud to mean . Man was made np of simples , ergons , &c , and it was tiiertfore quite clear he wis a compound . He dwelt at soars lercth up , a thi 3 point . He went through tie whole £ ts fs « r _ 5 , and gav . his own end Mr . Osfen ' s idea of tha dcTelcj-meEt of the huc ^ a wij i , and proceeded to srjue en influence of cireuin . ' uinees "wh . oh produce motives to action , flluitrating Lis remarkB by reference to the case of >' e « L-nark . Tin * " five facts , " h £ contended , were in strict accordance
Tith the idyice givsn by Solomon , where he said . " Train up a cLiid in the way he shuuld go , and wise be i * old he will not depart from it . " Air . Harrison , 2 Scotch writer perfectly agreed with them in the tloctrines of chcuzc ?' -zncc =. He had established , by authentic documents , on tho las : evening , that criraa was iEereciing every Tear , and tha : unless some great change took place Id t-o-::-ty th-y wtr ob the verge of a mighty KTulution . AH iiumaa : laws had bren based upon ths su ; -pe 5 it : or . that nun formed Ms owa prJEc ' . pi-. 3 , nnd tha : therefore he vagi : to be made rtfpvnsirfe for his feelings and conviction * . Tin hsd bc = n tbe c&use of ihs efiis which be liad pointed out in his opening address . The Sve facts wc-ut to prove that the evil rid not eo ? sis : in ha " -i 3 ! i nature ; error , taissry , and cr ime arose from the fact of there rot bting a practical plan laid down to work out the gilvation of the buimn race .
They had looked st effects instead of causes—conse-^ te nees instesJ of goir . g to the fountain , head , or acting [ upon principles ca ' . culated to give man a superior cba- > nctaC He declared ihat if the principles contained in the fire fwta were cot made the basis of education , they could n .- > t w ^ rk eat the salvation of the human 1 race . The people were starving f _> r bread—willing to j work , yet in coa-equence of the system , they could ' Beither obtain employment nor food . The 3 v > cialis : s ' wanted to found society oa such a basis as would com- i maud emplc-ytncit , food , and clothing ; to educate the .. people , surround them with plenty , asd prevent crime < Unless they c :-nid f . iund society upon a superior system , j unless Xtij wulA * ffr-: t a radical chaEge , it was inipo » - able to do » wsy with the great amount of misery which j existed . Mr . Bacnsnan , in conclusion , said he had obeyed the desirr of his opponent ; he trusted he would *
give what ha had said h ' . s cons : Aeration ; he wm wiliiDg to be s ; t rifht , hy hearing svery thing that coald be ¦ -advanced upon tie surjret . - j Mr . SrEfESM 31 U that the end of their meeting 1 together that nUht , so far as Le bid anyttingto do ¦ with it , wjuld be hil . 'y a ^ iiWcrtd if those w ho listened ; % o what wxjs said , weald think for themselves apon the j Eomentoas qaaa . ion which had bren brought forward . ' Truth was no ? woith anythirj to him unless he had ; proved it in himsch" and taertby m&de it serviceable . to his conduct in » ---i : ng that which is good , and to , ' larreit in-pr--r-. > rr- > u to its bring true . The question ' ^ ¦ which bad be-.--: ~ :.--is ;; : * b ^' ore them that ni ? ht was one ' «( i mighty :-na tLi- .-A -. rg iirture , Tii ^ re breathed noi a th « . t \ in tie -w- _ -ld but who at periodj asked himself . tile question wLat am I ? vthtnoe did 1 cume ? ind wither am I zai's . z ? Ka would ask the mothers of '
children . thc * a w ' ao t ^ them most qaently , ' whether they hid not from their children heard esprss- ! sio&s of thought , aud quesaons asted by then -which - had they rot hesrd them , they woulJ hare thc-tubt I Uieir minds inc ^ p jbls of e& ^ rtaiDin ? . Those questions ' ire asked by cLildren— WLat am I * fjr what ami ? . and where shall I go ? ' Thsy must hire them answered ; 1 they must know wither they iiad boen wafted there by j « eme chanc * briath ; whether thsy were tbe plaything ' r £ chance ; or whether they wtre to be blown awsy again by chance . He knew not how it migbtbe with j those who were listenin :, —he WinVeato know whether I ke came there by dunce ; what ba was after he came there ; and if all to to end in the chambers of death , j He for one ccu ^ d not be satisfied with the definition 1
which Mr . Buchanan had given of man , let \ { iim be a simple or let him be a compound being , i They were called upon to test the rruih of the Rational j Religion—to appeal not to God but to man—te physics } finri science—to the air , the trees , the streams , astrono-1 mj , &i , &c , things which they could handle with j bands , to prodnoe conviction by they own senses . Did bis friend comr / . ain because he ' did not so into general j principl&s ? D , d be complain becaus * he bonnd him down to only one of tbe five farts ? Did he c .-u , plain j because he wanted the fullest explanation so that they j might understand each other , ac-J , if possible , save dis- ] ussion . ' If ha could cram the first fact down his i
throat , he would swallow tae next four , and all the ; practical par . after . Mr . Owen , at the unfolding of tfee ; gyrtem , came to the c ^ 'nclusion that religion and his ; Batiooalism could no ; stand together—that his Rational 1 Religion must swallow all the other religions in the j world—that s . 11 religions ha-. l been invented by interested j priests—and that wretch = dnes 3 an ; 3 misery wonld b « i the lot of the whole f : imiiy of m ^ n until all religions cf I the present day w-re abolished . On cne memorable I occasion , he waa s-ksd how he could disprove ; the i Chxistam religion ? tu which ha gave as an answer , ' that the Christian religion being one of all the re 3 t of the religions of wh ' cii ha spoke , it would be ^ molished by the Rational religion . Ho looked upon the question ' in the same llgb : as Mr- Owen , that the two religions eonld Bot exist t-. ' slier—that one -nust be true , and the other false . It was not sufficient to Wl him that he ¦ was a compound being : he wanted to know what he was compounded of .
Sir . Stephens oe-mpifd the whole of his time in a truly eloquent detail vi the besuti-s and the superiority of the Christian religion over Socialism ; and his remarks went home to the bosoms of all present At the conclusion of his address , an arrangement ¦ W as entered into for tke following evening , and the meeting separated . —Correspondent .
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— ~ ¦ ' ~ . sare of meeting with , that there was a nmoifeat disposition on the part of Government not to pardon me , and considering the stake of my health , and the length of time I have to serve , ( and other thing * not necessary to name here ) , they omghtto h » ve endeaToured to hare got me removed . My friend , this Is plain ; but you are not aware what I have snflersd in this close confinement Let me have a good long letter with all news possible , and as soon as I get to know that Normanby is out of office , I shall petition again . Give my respects to Mrs , H ., and all friends in tha cause of liberty , and accept the a » me from Your siaoere friend and well-wiaher , S . HOLBBKBT . To ilr . William Martin , Brainuton , near Chesterfield .
* According to a letter that I received from Sheffield , from one of the Council , dated April 20 , 1841 , the first paragraph runs thus : — " Last night , being oar general meeting night , I read your letter ; there was a feeling of sympathy for the fate of poor Holberry and his suffering companions We resolved to memorialise Normanby , having it signed by as many householders as possible , their names and places of residence . I hope our friends will take this subject up as early as possible . " P . S . Since writing tbe foregoing , I have received an answer from my Lord Nernianby . His Lordship gays he has fully considered my petitioa , and that he does not sec sufficient reasons to advise her Majesty to grant its prayer .
What a mockery ! Why make use of her Majesty ' s name ? Is not he , by virtue of his office , prlEon-iuastergeneral ? Coald not he have ordered my removal if he thought proper » After such a division in the House of C jcimons , to turn a deaf ear to such , a request as a relaxation from the severity of tbe silent system and close confinement , wholly on the grounds of protection to my already injured health ( bear in mind , Sir , that I was not sentenced to labour ) , I feel that any comment -A mine would be far from doing justice to my feelings , I therefore refrain from saying more , and leave you , Sir , and others , to form yonr own opinions of the tender mercies of a Whig Government
Let rJB have a bit of Chartism in you next ; should be very glad to Lear of the Chartists using their endt-3-touts to get the remainder ef us removed to the county gauL Yours , S . H . August 21 , 1341 .
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TO THE QUEEN . Mibjm , —It was with feelings-of the deepest anguish that I rtad tbe second page in the London Gayelte last week . Tour Majesty may believe me whsn I assure ycu that there are multitudes of your loyal subjects wbo , from a deep-&edied reverence fur tbe spotless pnrity of your character , and from a fervent desire that not even the slightest approach of the profligate may ever bo permitted to sully it , will painfully share in my feelings . I will venture to indicate , Madam , with as much delicacy as possible , the cause of this pain . A single incident , selected out of multitudes which have signalLsed the carser of the person of whom I am going to speak , may probably suffice .
A few years since it happened that a young lady of Bristol , who , with her widowtd mother , had been reduced from ewy encumstancts to penury , sought a maintenance by instructing tbe children of a respectable family a ; Clifton . It was part of her duty , as is generally the case , to walk out with the young ladies-Oa one of these occasions her elegant and interesting figure caught tbe eye of a gentleman of very fashionablt exterior , who was pas ? Lug by . He accosted her , but was timidly avoided . He persevtred on other occasions , and forced himself upon her , until she was compelled , at last , by the most decided seclusion and avoidance , to manifest to him her just appreciation of his object anil of hisnsfctf .
D : ffiid for a time , fee withdrew , but only to return a : ore fearfully . After all danger had apparently vanished , the customary walks were resumed . But one quiet Ennuner ' s evening , just when farthest from any dwelling , a posk-chaise suddenly drove up by tke poor governess ' s side ; two men leaped out—pushed the children &w » y— flung her Inta the vehicle , which nstant «' y drove off at speed . For more than a fortnight aid her miserable parent endure such pangs as noli- , but a mother—a widowed and solitary mothercan know .
At the end of that time , howerer , in the gloom of the evening , just as another long weary day of hopeless woe bad ended , the door of the poor widow ' s lodging opened , and there entered the speetrt of the blooming and lovely creature who bad left it in health and hiiarity some eighteen days before . The sh"rt time , spent in constant horror and ceaseless weeping , had so changed her form and visage that none but a mother ' s eye could have recognked the victim . Sh » a& % down in a corner , in the silence Gf blank despair . From that chair she was lifted into her mother's bed , and from
that bed , in a Tery few days , into her coffin ! It us scarcely necessary to add th . it her humble , unregarded grave , wss not long a solitary one . Her wretched pareut survired her only a few weeks . Such was oi . e of tho -exploits , and probably by no means the darkest that might be named , by which the titled creature of 'whom 1 speak—possessed of wvaltland power , bui of no one virtue—acquired a fame for what the world ca-h " gallantry . " Of any other fan : e vf any £ vrt or description of qr . slity , or achieveni ^ ni worthy of a reasonable being , fco is wholly gn-. ltless . Yet this is Uie person upon whom your Majesty—an
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English lady , and English mother—hat been advis » d by tbe persona who surround you to heap the honours of the British peerage ! His name appears among those of others distinguished by a similar manifestation of royal favour . Yet there is no danger , not the slightest , that there should be any mistake as to the party of whom I speak . The general Toice will declare , without an instant ' s pause , to whom such a crime as that I have described unquestionably belongs . Bat if this be so , I put it to your Majesty , whether it can have been seemly , right , or loyal to lead your Majesty inte tho conferring these high honours upon a man , of whom the universal estimate is , that he is polluted with , the perpetration of many Bttch atrocities t I remain , Madam , Your Mnjesty ' s devoted subject , JVHIV 5 .
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MR R . J . RICHARDSON AGAIN . TO THB KDITOK OP THB NORTHERN STAB . 81 H , —We siooerely wish that Mr . Rrchardson would discontinue this paper war . Heaven knows we would never " have commenced an affiir of tfeis sort , but as Mr . Richardson commenced the attack , of course he must be prepared to meet charges , which , as they are true , are of the most damning character . "W ho is the man that wrote & letter to Mr . Frost , a magistrate , of Silford , teince dead , stating tbat the Tories had bid for him ; that the Chartists , by their violence , had driven him away , and that for the future , he would steer a straightforward course ? That » nau is K . J . Bichardsom . Who is the man that called himself a Tory Radical , and said he was not a Chartist ? That man is R- JRichardson !
Who id tho man that said Mr . O'Connor was a < liahone ^ t politician , and an immoral character , and that he would starve Bronterra O'I 3 rien if possible ? That man is 11 . J . Richardson ! Who is the man that , at a soiree in Perth , unmercifully abused the Manchester Chartists , and with tho cunning of the hypocrite shed crocodile tears at the ingratitude of the Manchester Chartists ? Tbat man is R . J . Riehardsim ! Chartists of the United Kingdom , we are sorry to be compelled thus to examine the character of any political personage , and more sorry are we that a public man should leave it in ear power .
There is nothing stated here that cannot be proved by many , very many evidences . His repeated attacks on the characters of O'Brien and O'Connor , led the Manchester Chartists to suspect his honesty . But it may be L . 8 ked , why we did not denounce him before ; simply because we wished to avoid strife ; He has been a . ^ kmi many questions ; has ho rebutted them ? No ; but ke would treat them with contempt . Such is the language of the kiiave , when all other arguments fail . Mr . Richardson has put into our tianda a whip with which we have lashed thd " rascal naked through tbe world . "
He saya we havj dragged Mr . L ^ ech into tho scrape . We entertain too high an opinion of Mr . Loech to imagine , for a moiiieut , that lie would append hla name to any document which he did not believe to be true . The sore lies liera ; . Mr . Leech is deservedly popular for his hontity , while Mr . Richardson is despised for his villany . " Fools rush in where angels fear to tread . " A pwting wurd of advice to Mr . Ricliardaan . Let him bear in mind
that" An honest man's the noblest work of God-, " And , for the future , let him endeavour to be honest ; let him be wise , and drop this quarrel ; we wish to have no more of it j we were the attacked , and we are perfectly satisfied that the Chartist body have sufficient discrimination to judge of the merits and demerits of the question at i&sue . James Wheeler . Jamks Leech . Kouekt giut , He . miy Nuttall . Saulkl cuamkeklain . James Harrison . Pali . Fajrcloi / gu . Thomas Davis . George Mitchell . Joseph Linmkt , Chairman . James Wood , Secretary . Association Rosms , Tib street , Manchester , August 2 bth , 1841 .
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CHARTISM IN IRELAND . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAB . Sir , —I perceive by last Saturday ' s Star , that your correspondent from this town announces the gratifying fact that the advocates of the People ' s Charter are daily increasing in this town , and also , that many who before did everything in their power to retard the progress of Chartism , are now amongst its most ssalous advocates : as one of the con-verts to the glorious cause i am happy to bear testimony to the truth of whal your correspondent has stated , and I thi&k it is only necessary for any unbiassed person to bocome acquainted with the principles of the Chartiets , to see the absolute necessity there is for forwarding the good cause . We are about ciiliug a sueeting tor the purpose of ascertaining cur strength in this town ; I will communicate to you next week , at some length , and let you know all particulars .
A LouGHREi . Chartist . Loughrea , August 24 , I& 41 . ON CHARTISM IN THE NORTH-EAST OF SCOTLAND . Mr- Editor , —A stranger , though a Chartist of the right sort , some few months ago called into the work among the van of the forces , resolved , na faT as able to supply the vacancy occasioned by the imprisonment * , banishments , fcc visited the northern Beat of learning . A visit to Stonehaven was improved by a lecture on Saturday evening , and preaching on thesabbath . Passing onward toBervieand Johnshaven , he gare a rally in each ; and nt the latter met with
place a right hearty welcome from A . Alexander , who , determined to perpetuate his Chartist faith , had reserved " twa balrnies" for baptism , rather than prostrate bis conadenoa to the hireling of the State . We gave them in Christian simplicity the names of Ellen Frc-st and Martha O'Connor . At the close of the meeting , hearty cheering was given for the exiled patriots . Mon ' rose being near , we must I earn their state . A day or two's delay ; so away to Lunremakirk . Havinrr broken in there on my tour out , and planted thejliyof . Asseciatiou , it was natural to be anxious . bout ius thriving ; sickly and dwindling ; the husbandman set to work , ami left fcis charge in more promising condition . Instead of rest by night , after wearying
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labour , a moat flebilitatlng physical convulsion , stomach , bowels , head , and limbs , pain and palsy , riot run mad . Notwithstanding a rolling cranfam , ponderous " een , " and tardy footsteps , were dragged bpurill to see and stir by private " crack , " public exertion out of the question altogether , the lads of Lothertnuir ; then tbe doom of n dreary length again to Montrose ; Saturday evening , lecture—Sabbath , preaching , and aext Brechin and Forfar ; a little personal intercourse sufficed , for indifference aad apathy , resulting probably from poverty and depression , on the one side , and exhaustion on tbe other , prevented any thing farther . Rest till Saturday ; walk to Cupar Fife . Sabbath : two working men , from Leven , addressed an audience at eleven and two , with cheering ability ; who were then invited to gather at
the cross , which they did , with hundreds more , till more care for personal convenience aid tine " clae 3 , " than truth and principle , left an unenvied few to enjoy alone the bounty of Providence distilling from heaven the fatness of tbe clouds . At six again in tbe Weaver ' s Halt . Monday , to Nowburgh on the Fay , just opportunely to aid the fund for redemption of Mrs . Fro 3 t ' s patrimony . All that destitution and misery of handloom weaving , for the sake of Chartism , can yet spare , from tbe wrecks of avaricious monopoly , if only a widow ' s mite , they will forward from hence , to the central committee for this part of the country , means . Hurrah for Chartism > To suit the wretchedness of toiling industry , thanks to Heaven , " the temple of nature" has been accessible , to render due homage to tbe Most High , in the service of our fellow-men . Tbe burden of effort has been " The paralyzed condition of manual industry , confusion , anarchy , and bloody revolution , the
certain result of the system of the factions , and Chartism the only means of averting ruin . " " The pure religion of the Bible , requiring genuine philanthropy , as the only demonstration of sincerity , the principles of the Charter are only a development or detail of the comprehensive principles ' Tliou abalt lovo thy neighbour as thyadf ;' evident nt once from the Saviour ' s rule of interpretation ' Whatsoever ye would that men should do unto you , do ye even 80 to them . ' Christianity thus including Chartism , in plain , unsophisticated sense , by examination of the abstract principles of each ; he who professes the one and opposes tbe other , however self-deceived , declares his own character not Christian , nor vory honourable , but to be that arising from false pretension , exhibited by the sun-beam of rever&e praetico . " An iportion of the present , Mr . Editor , 6 ball insure to . ¦ nr disposal a continuance of the journal of a missionc y in the North .
Veering south-west , Auchtt-rmuchty welcomed his exertions with hearty acceptance , as at a soiree he urged the discrimination of simple , just , virtuous Ob .-irtism , from ulterior measures or personal opinions ; unmasked tbo detestable bypecrisy of Whiggery ; declared the relent ! ess oppression of Toryism , and urged upon the people deliverance from tnraldom and starvation , by their own united efforts for tho Charternothing less ' and nothing bl » e . In tbe meantime M r . J . Duncan reported tbe Manchester Conference . Other speeches , recitations , music and dancing , bultiolipplinff , closed the scene at early morn of tbe 25 th . In the evening Kettle Bridge , < &c ., by summons of the bell , congregated the mass of its population to lvs ' . en to a description of the stf . te and prospects of trade , paralysed and hopeless , but by means of the People ' s Charter . The greatest decorum prevailed .
On tbe 2 ( 5 th Brintown received the stranger , mustered tbe nuighbours from nearly every habitation , and gladly listened to his address of sympathy , encouragement , and stimulation to individual persevering ardour . It is a small place , but their help to " tbe traveller on his way" deserves to be mentioned to their honour . Neither dM these men , no * they of Muchty , as some others , feel quite at ease to decline offered service , and dismiss the pilgrim with little regard and no hospitality 1 but these supplied their lack of service . " Honour to whom honour i . s < lua "
On tbe 27 th Leven , fcc was rallied by beat of drum , but apathy and indifference , rivalling poverty and oppression , small was the number that could be induced to attend the meeting . The lecturer endeavoured to arouse the few to an interest—an enthusiasm somewhat commensurate to the momentous , the great , and good caase , and announced bis intention to preach on the following Sabbath , at the same time urging individual effort to awaken attention . On tbe 28 th Luudy Miil , he answered the invitation of the bellman by pouting its small but alniOBt entire population to listen to a statement of Britain's degradation , in the suffering and depression of her toiling sons and daughters—the inhuman " cat ' s-paw" legislation of tho Whigs—the hearty co-operation of tbe Tories in the monstrous oppressions of tbe people , ami the utter hopleasness of any amelioration , till the glorious principles of our Charter have replaced an hypocritical by a real Houso of Commons .
On Sabbath , tbe 29 th , demonstrated the true disciples to be very few in the neighbourhood of Leven . There is , however , a beginning . Oh , for a warmth , a Btal , an energy , worthy our noble , philanthropic aims 1 Possibly , exhortation , admonition , warning , and encouragement will not have been given in vain . A parting effort for this evening , the 30 tU , is intended on the banks of the Furth , the result of which may be furnished in a future report . Tiios . Da viks .
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YOEK .
LIBERATION OF F . O'CONNOR , ESQ . ARRIVAL OF DELEGATES , THEIR MEETINGS AND TRANSACTIONS . Agreeably to the announcement contained in our last week ' s " impression , the release of Mr . O'Connor from the Whig dungeon , where be bad been subjected to the most inhuman and scandalous treatment , was celebrated in York by a Public Procession , Meeting , and Soiree , particulars of the proceedings of which we purpose to lay before our readers , as far as they can be described . Mr . O'Connor emerged from his prison on Thursday evening-, Aug . 26 th , and took up his quarters till Monday , at his nsual Hotel , Etridge ' s . While there he was visited by meu of all parties and of all ranks in York , congratulating him on his release , and paying him personal respect .
The city of York was in a slate ef bustle and excitement throughout the whole of Sunday , caused by the arrival of groups of men from all quarters , wending their way to the Chartist-room , Fossgate . Every train from Leeds brought scoress of persons from all parts of England , and great was the surprise and curiosity of the inhabitants at witnessing the unusual amount of nags and banners borne through their streets . At the Chartist- room , each arrival of delegates was hailed with loud cheers and hearty congratulations , Mr . Cordeux , secretary of the York Association , entering their names as they arrived . At seven o ' clock on Sunday evening , the delegates assembled and proceeded to arraugofor the business of tho following day .
Mr . Leech , of Manchester , was appointed Chairman ; after which the following persons were nominated to draw up a list of tr > s ? ts and sentiments for the tea party : —Mr . George White , of Birmingham ; Mr . William Moseley Scott , of Dowsbury ; and Air .-Burley , of York . After the transaction of the remaining business , the delegates formed into proc . <; 8 ion , and proceeded to visit Mr . O'Connor . Their appearance in the street ( walking two a-breast ) excited tho curiosity of the inhabitants . On coming to the Royal Hotel , they were cordially greeted by tho liberated patriot ; after which , it was agreed that "even delegates should be appointed to remain
and draw up resolutions , and that the rest should withdraw . The following persons wore appointed : — Mr . James Leech , of Manchester ; Mr . G . White , of Birmingham ; Mr . James Wheeler , of Manchester ; Mr . George Julian Harney , of Barnsley and Sheffield ; Mr . James Vickers , of Belper ; Mr . Lawrence Pitkethly , of HuddereBeld ; and Mr . Demaine , of York . Thus closed tho proceedings of Sunday . On Monday morning the streets were filled with crowds of pedestrians , from all parts of Yorkshire , 6 oui 3 of whom had walked forty mile 3 to hail the release of their beloved friend . At tho head of about fifty persons carrying flags , was Mr . J . Linney , Of Manchester , who had walked from that place .
At ten o ' clock the delegates again assembled , for the purpose of hearing the resolutions road , which had been drawn up on tho previous evening . Mr . Leech was a » ain placed in the chair . The resolutions and toasts wero arranged , and also persons appointed to sp « ak at both meetings ; after which the numerous delegates present formed into procession , and proceeded to the Castle . The following is a list of the delegates present , and the places they represented as far as we are enabled to give it : — Mr . George White , Birmingham Mr . James Wheeler , Manchester and Salford Mr . Christopher Doyle , Ditto , ditto Mr . James Illingrworth . Leeds
Mr . Andrew Gardner , Ditto Mr . George Walker , Ditto Mr . Thomas Shores , Ditto Mr . George Julian Harney , Sheffield and Barnsley Mr . G . B . Mark , Staffordshire Potteries Mr . Henry Holland , Burnley Mr . Edward Clayton , Huddersficld Mr . L . Pitkethly , Ditto Mr . Charles Davis , Stockport Mr . James Vickers , Belper Mr . John Jackson , Derby Mr . Thomas Marriott , Ditto Mr . Chandler , Ditto Mr . William Martin , Bradford , Yorkslure Mr . John Mavnard , Surrey
Mr . Thomas M . Wheeler , Middlesex Mr . John Fiisell , Ditto Mr . Jamos Fearn , St . Pancras , London Mr . George Scott , Mary-le-bono , Ditto Mr . Francis Lewin , Oldham Mr . James Raweon , Halifax Mr . John Butterworth , Milnrovr Mr . William Shore , Ditto Mr . Robert LunJy , Hull Mr . David Weatherhead , Keighley Mr . William Mosley Stott , Dewsbury District Mr . William Barrett , Ripponden Mr . John Halliwell , Sowerby Mr . Charles Buckley , Doncastor Mr . A . R . Coulaon , Ditto Mr . George Binns , Sunderlaad Mr . James Arthur , Carlisle Mr . Aadrew Wardrop , Dumfries Mr . Thomas Suggitt , Scarbororgh
Mr . Charles Winspeare , Stockton-upon-Tees Mr . James Moor , Middleborough Mr . James Mooney , Colne Mr . William Hick , Hunslet Mr . Joseph Parker , Leeds Mr . George Black , Nottingham Mr . Charles Connor , Hawarth Mr . William Cordeux , York Mr . James Taylor , Rochdale Mr . Ward , Middleton Mr . Birch , Selby Mr . Lawson . Warley Mr . Teale , Ditto Mr . Mtad , Sutton-in-Ashfield h . Che 3 terfield Mrs . Elizabeth Ellis , Bradford females Mrs . Elizabeth Sum per . Ditto Mr . Thomas Hibbard , Mansfield Mr . James Leach , Manchester Mr . John Mason , Newcastle-upon-Tyne .
Representatives were also present from the following places : —Bingley , Horton , Wetherby , Newcastle , Stokesley , New Pellon , Holbeck , Doghouse , Southowram , Ovenden , Knaresborough , Heckmoudwiko , Liveraedgc , Horbury , Morley , Market Weighton , Pocklington , &c , &c ,, &c . It is worthy of remark that the hitherto Whig and Tory divided town of Bingley , in the West Riding , furnished no fewer than a dozen hearty lads , who all went at their own expense to do honour to the mau who is destined to be the destroyer of both the rampant factions .
THE PROCESSION . At one o ' clock , the numerous array of flass , banners , aad music were arrayed around the oastle walls , and the magn'f . cent triumphal car , built , and fitted up expressly for the occasion by ihe good men of York , was brought to the gate , drawn by six horses , the postillions wearing green jackets and caps , aud white breeches . The triumphal car , composed of green velvet , on a pink velvet ground work , and was in the form of a conch uhelJ , aud elevated on a platform placed on a carriage body . It was one of the most splendid carriages that we ever eaw , and attracted , as it passed in its route through the priestridden ci . y , the admiration and applause of all . The
car ben .-tf Jrawn up at the gate , a cry was raised for O'Connor , who was soon at its side , and was received by a Bliout , which penetrated into the gloomiest cell of that prison from which he had so recently emerged ; gladdening the hearts of many of the miserable captives whom he had left behind him . Mr . O'Connor was habited , as he had promised , in fustian . He wore a lull suit , made out of a piece which had been manufactured expressly for tho occasion , and was p resented by those who had not only his welfare at mart , but wore imbued with his principles , and with his spirit—the blistered hands and fustian jackets of Manchester . He immediately mounted the car , when the shouting was renewed , and was continued for some time . When it had subsided Mr . O'Connor
wared his hand for silence , and spoke as follows : — Brother Chartista , Hear , and hear , and attend to the first words of tho " Destructive , " upon hia restoratioa to liberty . Pasa through the City this day in a peacoable , orderly , and gentlemanlike manner j proving to your enemies of all classes , that you bavo the greatest interest in the preservation of peace . But , first , I should have returned thanks to Almighty God , which I now do with uplifted hands , for tho gracious and merciful manner , in which , whilst almost , hid from human eye , he bad preserved me from the oppressor's toils . I now perform that pleasing duty , to that God who never deserts the poor , or forsakes the poor man's friend . Lit his name be
praised ! I have appeared , Brother Chartists and workingmen , among 3 t you in fustian , the emblem of your order , in order to convince you , at a single glance , tbat what I was when I left you , the same do I return to you . I pass over what has occurred as a dream ; I turn my back upon York Castle ; I forget the past , and shall devote my mind to the future . Behave to-day as gentlemen ought to do , setting an example of propriety to the tumultuous and riotous , making yourselves the envy and admiration of your enemies , as your cause must be of every lover of liberty . I have no more to say than marshals Bound the advance . " Onward , and we conquer , backw » rd , andwefall !"
One simultaneous burst of cheering rent tho air , and made the Castle walls to ring , through which the trumpets sounded the advance , and the vast and mighty body moved on in procession in the following order : —
Three Marshals on horseback . Large white banner , splendidly emblazoned by air . Cordeux , bearing en a green scroll at the top , an inscription Tbe National Charter Association of Great Brttaia" ; in the centre , surrounded by a blue garter , the
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British Lion holding a broken chain ; and at \ h * another green acroll , with the motto <• ttm ° ^> strength . " ' nto ° k Members—three abreast . Flags . Members—thre * abreast . Band . Members whh flags and bearers . The Car , in which was seated FEABOTJS O'CONNOR . Deputies , with flags , two abreast Members— -three abreast -. Banner , Ladies in open carriage ! . Band . Gentlemen in open carriages . Two tricolor * . Members—three abreast .
Tbe procession moved along Fisber-gate , ovp * r ^ Mill Bridge , along the Cattle Market , tfcrouehW ?** gate Bar , along Walmgate , Fos . ga . fc . , CottW ?* Gooflramgato , through Monk Bar , to theT ? t > f Monkgate , then back up Goodramzate ,, Petorgate to Bootham Bar , down L ^ and returning along St Leonard ' s Crescent JhT * street , St Helen's-square , Coney-street , Low-Om ^ * Micklegate , Blossom-street , the Mount to theoH *' stand , at Knavosmire . ' e *»» 4-Throughout the whole of thfs extensive route bracing almost theentire of the city , thestreetsweft , ' i : ® with persons of both sexes , gaily dressed , huxZT ? see the man whom « the people delighted to hoZ ! l and the delegates who were the bearers of the JhA
gratitude . Nearly all the shops were closed faTi every window was occupied by the inmates of « T duelling and their friends . In fact , the day * L entire holiday . Work of every description s&Zt have been suspended . Carriages were drawn un h « venient places to watch the progress of the proceLriT and gentlemen on horseback stood at the ends ol ^ Z streets , with the same object Such a day and such sight was never before seen in York , ancient ai if * Among the vast array » t banner * containing hiM some devices , richly emblazoned , we noticed thT ? 1 lowing inscriptions : — IW >
" God is our guide , no swords we draw ; We kindle not war ' s battle fires ; By union , justice , reason , law , We claim tbe birth-right of our gireg . And , hark , we raise from sea to sea—The glorious watchword—liberty ! " ' " The more the cruel tyrants bind us , The more united they shall find us . " A large green silk banner , — " The Manchester Political Union ; " a figure of X ^ Um bearing a small flae , "s » uw
inscribed " Peace , law . order . " Motto , " Universal Suffrage and Vote by B ^ lot " Dawgreen National Charter Association— " We d « . mand tbe Charter , the whole Charter , and nothini ? 1 «« than the Charter . " s ^ Nottingham Working Men's Association— " Then ii more strength in Unitsn than numbers . " The Manchester Female Political Union— " M'Domn fa our friend . " , Several small gr « en silk flags , inscribed " Liberty " " Justice to each—to alL " " God will not help the evil doers—the day of their calamity is at hand . "
Leeds National Charter Association , Urge green sttfc banner , beautifully emblaeoned , aud containing on tlie reverse the five paints of the Charter . ; Kirkheaton— " We demand Universal Suffrage . " " More Pigs and less Parsons . " j . " We demand our rights—Liberty , Justice , Ha manity . " A large green silk banner handsomely emblazoned , Sheffield Working Men ' s Association—Motto , "The greatest happiness to the greatest number for tin
longest period of time . " Reverse '— " Justice to allprivilege to none . " Large banner inscribed— " We have set our lives a cast—and will abide the hazard of the die . " Leeds East Ward National Charter Assoeiation" We demand our rights . " A large and handsome banner with a figure of Jtutiee holding in her hand a scroll , inscribed " The People Charter . " Motto , " For a nation to be free , it la snffl . cient that she wills it . " Reverse— " England experts every man ta do bis duty . "
" Liberty and equality—Labour is the source of all wealth . " " I was sick and in prison and ye came unto me . " " Thou shalt neither vex a stranger nor oppresjbim . " " Feargus O'Connor—Universal Suffrage and ao tarrender . "' " The memory of Emmett , and those who have died for the cause . " " War is a game which , were their subjects wi » , kirlgs would not play at . " " The Charter and Universal Liberty . " '' Eqnul rights and equal laws for all < Iasse 9 . " " Middle Classes ! make common cause with the industrious classes , and give freedom to your country . " " Patience under undeserved suffering is a crime !"
Besides these each delegate , to the number of up * ¦ wards of 100 , carried a small flag , bearing tbe name of tho place whieh he represented . Mr . William Martin , of Bradford , was particularly conspicuous ; he had I large green flag , on which was inscribed— " William Martin , M . P ., formerly an inhabitant of Northallerton Hell-hole , delegate for Bradford . " The immense procession having traversed the route we have already described , arrived at the Grand Stand op Knaves miro at a little before three o'cleck , when the multitude , amounting to not fewer than from tweuty to thirty thousand persons , amongst whom we » a large proportion of elegantly-dressed females , and tbe numbers continually augmenting , congregated on tbe verdant lawn in front of the Stand , whilst Mr . O Connor and the delegates ascended to the balcony
above . Here the lately prison-bound captive was again received with cheers which runt the air , and which continued for some time , in the midit of ¦ which several carrier pigeons , charged with important news of his appearance among tbe people , were let oft These , after hovering round the itand for some time , wheeling over the dense siass below them , as if they were not only anxious to welcome the patriot to liberty , but to skow their pride at being cho « en to convey the gratifying intelligence to others , darted at the direction of their own homes , and we have no donit their return and the tidings they bore would be hailed as cordially by those who w « uld doubtless bo on the look out for them , as was the brave O'Connor by the thousands of kindred spirits by whom he was mirounded .
The cheers having subsided , it was proposed and carried that Mr . Cordeux , the secretary to the York Association should take the chair . Mr . Cordeux was received with great cheering- Ha thanked them heartily for the honour which they had conferred upon him , and regretted that the choice had not fallen on ono who possessed more ability to fill the important office ; Le would promise , however , to go through the duties which might fall to his lotas well as he could , and hoped that whilst he endeavoured to discharge his duties , those assembled would ass « ti > y all the means in thoir power to contribute to the good order of the meeting . He stated that the first person who would address them would be
Mr . Mark , from tbe Staffordshire Potteries , said , Fellow slaves , for I hold every man to be a slaw that is compelled to delegate to another man that power which he ought to exercise himself ; I ^ ' afford to live in a £ 10 houso , therefore , politically speaking , I am a slave , and I am determined to < to all in my power to break my bondage . The following u the resoJutioa which I have to submit fer your approval : — " That this meeting hail with pleasure and delight the release of their long-tried and Incorruptible fnend , Feargas O'Connor , Esq ., from a cruel and uojust imprisonment , and consider that bis upnght , consistent , and disinterested conduct entitles him to the gratitude of the suffering millions ; we , therefore , receive him * lU 1 joy and thankfulness , as the poor man's friend , and aaM instrument in the hands of Providence for the purpose
of restoring peace and happiness to the starving popu lation of Great Britain , and determine to support Bffl in defiance of all his enemies ; we 3 lso consider that m prison-treatment has been cruel and unprecedented in toe annals of political persecution , and as such it *» stnnd as an everlasting proof of Whig tyranny » blood-thirstiness . " I must establish a point The resolntion i& ^ . f a starving population . What ! is there any s ^^ population in Britain ? Plentythousands—
huIuom-; ( Cheers . ) Ought there to be ? No ! not in a W * that , for its size , produces more of the necessane * w life than any other upon the earUi , —( applanse' - * ¦ yet one out of every ten of tbe population this country are in a starving condition . Some doubt this statement , but I will state one fact wj » I know to be the case with thousands . It » one j which I was principally interested . A short tim <>«"' _ was out of wovk for fourteen months , and during « " •*? r iod there was a wif « ana familvdependin g upon me
support . Yet all this time I was unable to earn Steai lings . IwasunderthanecessityofendeavoariiJ gtopKrr a little food for my children by tehiug , and ** & *** £ I have been obliged to satisfy the cravings of o «" vj eating tbe fish raw . ( Hear , hear . ) What , I *' produced this state of things ? Why , class legulaBL upheld by Wkig tyranny . ( Cheers . ) But » _ *"" cursed anwnaJy to test ? Is this state of tW ' continue ? Must we , the people , starve m a •*• that produces plenty of the comfort * of life ? * 0 ' £ friends , the delegates that have eome from all pan * the empire declare that it shall not last ; and t ^ L , sistent and upright friend . of the people , Mr > , i jfl O'Connor , also declare * that it shall not last i not , my friemls , detain you any longer , but * in - clude by moving the resolution for your wopu
( Cheers . ) .. ^ titf Mr . Vickers , delegate from Belpet , seconaw d resolution . He spoke as follows : —Mr . Chairman ^ BrothorChartlats . it affords me great Feature w c <«» the proceedings of this day , and I can assa ^ i j that they will ever be engraven upon roy nu fl doiuit ) iot but that the proceedings which have place this day in York will bo hautlt 1 ' ^ on tbe ncords of our country , and that thsy ( Continued in ottr Seventh Page . )
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ST . GILES'S GREEK . The Morning Chronicle found the following eloqsent morcean , delivered dur-ng tho sitting of the i-k-rical Auti-Corn-I / aw Conference at Manchester , ? o much to its taste that it reported the speech of tbe Reverend Mr . Giles , in which it oocura , in two successive publications' The Conference had been condemned not only by the united beads of the Church , but they had to contend against the ar . ather . iaa of the Thunderer of thb Times , and the oesnire ol th- monopoly-baring , peopltloving , talented Spectator . Did they want the talent of the editor of the Times , or of the Spectator , to find out the injustice of the Corn lAVfs * did they want the SpeclcUur to tell the ministers of religion , that to seek
for the in'quity of that cursed law was to seek for a needle in a bundle of hay ? He ftMcd that tlr ' s shaking of hands between Judas and Pontius Pilatf , as he compared the two journals , was some sign of the Spectator ' s seceding from the ranks of ihe people ; and th 3 t there vras somethiEg of tergiversation in the proceeding , that "was alike dishonourable and disgraceful . " It is le t to conjecture whether we should return thanks in the capacity of Judas , or of Pilate , for this delicate compliment ; but it is quite ch at with whom the decorous and pious orator parallels himself . And now we ask those who have questioned
ihe justice ef the doubts wo expressed as to the policv of enlisting " the pulpit drum ecclesiastic" in ihe Anti-Cora-law cause , whether our apprehensions were utterly groundk-s 3 ! For merely venturing to doubt ihe expediency of au . h a step , and expressing that doubt in decorous language , we are ana ' . hematiied in all tie eloquence of the purlieus of St . Giles , or what is termed by the learned in na « h , " St . Giles ' s Greek , " as sec ^ diD ^ f rom a cause -which we are advocating every week to the best of our ability . Bj ; we do no ; wonder at this priestly arro ^ aac-e , when we find . Mr . Giles and his colkagues addressed in * his sij ] a hy some who ou ^ ht ( 0 kuow better .
" In suspending for a season all argument addressed to the secular intermits of our readers , wa feel we are unly paTu : ^ a proper homage to the tribunal before ¦ which our cause is to be arraigned ; a tribunal which will judge the Braati Tax according to the revualed will of Q-od , from which Ihsre cad be ao appeal in a Christian country . " The p ' v . n E-glish of which 13 , that in a Christian country I ' norc can be no appeal from the dcclarauon of a self-appointed oonucil , consisting exclusively of clergjTncrVjth&i a certain opinion is the revealed will of God . If there is no appeal trom such a decision of the Corn Law controversy , neither can there be from any ovher controversy . The days are to be brought back when questions of civil rigats were
decided by the rescripts of conclaves . The odium theo . ' ogicwn—the acerbity of invective peculiar to ecclesiastical controversies—has passed into a proverb ; ihe oration from which we have made an extract shows tbat it has not become extinct ; and it is for the interest of society that it should be checked a ; the moment of its reappearance . Every clergyman is entitled to respeci while discharging tub duties of his office ; every clergyman is entitled to be treated as a gentleman when ho comes forwaidas a private citizen to express his opinion on any subject of general interest ; but every attempt on the part even of a single clergyman , much more of a convention of clergymen , to throw their clerical character into the scale instead of fair argument , ought to be resisted . Ii is an authority which adds no strength to &ood argument , but has often been u-ed to lacquer over bad . I : has a tendency to perplex instead of clearing up what is doubtful . If six
or serea hundred clergymen may meet to say the Scriptures mean one thing , as many may meet to say ihey mean another ; and thus cavilling abou ; Greek particles and various readings come to be substituted for the investigation ef facts . To return to our more immediate subject—tbe substitution of vituperation for argument—we are quite aware that the usages of society allow a grea ; er latitude to the tongues of ladies and clergymen tban to those of other persons ; but we humbly conceive that it is bfc 3 i for all partie * when such a privilege is most sp 2 riaa } j used . Tae language of this reverend orator—and also of some ioud-mouihed secular a . vocatts of Corn Law Repeal—would almost seem adored for the purpose of repelling the aid of more culm ( what they call" heartless ' or " cold-blooaed ") coliaborateurs . These gentlemen appear bent upon imitating . Mucbriar and Keuiedruiumie , anathemat , ziug and proscribing all who are prolane enough to es-. Tciae their reason . —Spectator .
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The Reported Fratricide at Florkncr . —There rauBt be some strango mistako in tho rtory of the fratricide at Florence , which has just tsiken its rounds of the papers . The Earl of Aldborough has but tiro children living—both sous ; arid it ia but justice to those young noblemori to state the physical impossibility of them , or either of them , being concerned in the reported fratricide at Florence . Viscount Amiens , the eldest son , is no > v a Captain is the 15 th Hussars , and on hia way to join his regiment at Bangalore , in the East Indies . The Hon . Charles Henry Strafford , the second sen , is a . Lieutenant in the 18 th Royal Irish regiment of foot , and is now serving with his regiment in the Chinnso expedition . We ropeat it , therefore , that , if ihe distressing account from Florence be not altogether a fabrication , there is some misapprehension respectiug the parties concerned . —Dublin Evening Mail .
Shocking Accident . —On Saturday morning last a dreadful accident happened to the Hastings mail . It appears that between one and two o ' clock in the morning , as the mail was proceeding to London , shortly after passing through Tunbridge Welis , the horses became restive , and set off at full speed . They had not proceeded iar when they came to a turn in the road leading from Tunbridge Wells into the Maidstono roaii , where , notwithstanding every attempt was made by tho coachman to keep them in the middle of the road , they ran the coach against a post , upsetting it with great violence . The unfortunate driver was thrown off and killed on the spot ; the guard was also very seriously injured . The passeugera are said to hav « escaped with a few bruises .
An Imjuiry into tub late Mortality among the Convicts at Woolwich . —An inquestiwas held ou Tuesday , at tho Mitre Tavern , Woolwich , upon the body of a convict , named Robert Odell , aged 30 , convicted at St . Alban ' s January 7 , 1841 , tor seven years , who died of bronchitis , after only three days' illness . Tiw numerous deaths that have occurred in the dockyard through this complaint have excited universal interest . Dr . Hope , one of the surgeo . is to the convicts , stated that the above unfortunate man was brought into the hcspital suffering under bronchitis iu its most destructive form , and ef which he died . He ( Dr . Hope ) had never seen such a caso in the whole of his experience . Coroner— " You have had a good
deal of it lately too ! " A Juror— " Do you not think the syf tem of hulking very injurious to the health of tho convict ? " Dr . Hope— " 1 do not . The deaths of tho convicts are not equal to the bills of mortality . " A Juror— " Many of the convicts die of consumption , and do you think that a vessel lying in a swamp and surrounded by marshes is a proper aud suitable place for persons Buffering under that complaint V Dr . Hope— " I think it is , from the fact that tha deaths are not more than in other places , as I just mentioned . " A Juror—'" I have particularly noticed that the convicts are ill but a short tu : » e in the hospital Bhip . " Dr . Hope— " Many ot my patients have beeniil some time . " Coroner— "Many of Dr . Bossey ' s have sunk rapidly . " A
Juror" Are you not aware that many of the convicts complained of cold during the last winter V Dr . Hope — " I consider that their cloihiug was sufficient . They are always willing to find fault . No complaints were made to me . " A Juror" Myself and other Jurors asked several , and they said that they felt the cold very much last winter . " Another Juror— " If the clothing warn sufficient last winter , it must have been much too warm during the summer . " Dr . Hope replied , iliat if the convicts found it too warm they were allowed to take their jackets off . A Juror Baid that tho deaths had been most alarming ; in the months of January , February , and March , they had died at the rate of thirty par mouth . Dr . Hope denied
this ; adding , that the mortality , at loast among hia own patients , was on the decrease . Juror— " It ' you had a patient predisposed to consumption , or even suffering under it , would you recommend that patient to the river side among marahe ? , or on board a vessel lying in a swamp , and raked by a north-eaaterfely wind V Dr . Hope replied that the Jnstitia hospital-ship did not lie in a situation to be affected by a north-easterly wind . Juror— " I should think that a vessel on the river would catch every wind . " Another Juror— " Do you not think that a hospital erected on shore would be far preferable to the present hulking system ? " Dr . Hop©— " I decline answering the question . and refer you to Mr .
Capper , the Under-Secretary of State . " Coroner" The Jury have a right to ask the question , or any other that may tend to prove to their satisfaction that the system is proper . " The question was again put , and Dr . Hope replied , that he vns satisfied with the hoepital-ship , adding that Mr . Capper had employed a most clever man ( Dr . Robertson , of Chatham , ) who also expressed himself satisfied . A Juror said it was very evident there was something wrong in the system . The Coroner said the deaths wero on the decrease . They were last winter more than double any previous year in his or hid father ' s Coronership . The Jury , after some further discussion , returned a verdict that the deceased died 0 '; bronchitis .
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ADDRESS OF THE UNDERSIGNED DELEGATES , ASSEMBLED IN EDINBURGH , FROM THE VAKIOUS DISTRICTS OF MID-LOTHIAN , TO THE INHABITANTS OF THE COUNTY GENERALLY . Fellow-coi' . vTrtrifEX , —In the present critical condition of the affiirs of our native country , we hope you will consider tbu . t ne apology is necessary , in thus venturing to address you . Difficulties beset us ; calamities threaten us—nay , have already overtaken us ; commerce is crippled ; trade is stagnant ; manufactures are fast leaving us , and the great body of the working classes are enduring dreadful privations , which must ultimately spread to ths clawes above them ; for it is an indisputable fact that , when the workUg classes are depressed , the prosperity of the other classes can rest upen no solid foundation .
As intelligent and reflecting men , therefore , we put it to you—where * 1 n you expect relief from these pressing and growing 3 ? You have frequently sought ft already from the glslature of the country , as at present con » titutr , and you know how your petitions and remonstrances have been received by them .- They have laughed at your distresses—they save turned a deaf ear to yonr oomplalnts ; and , against the clearest evidence and the ruoet unanswerable arguments , have persisted in maintaining snea a state of things ae can only end in the utter ruin and prostration of our country .
But shall we stand idly by , and see our country desolated—our rich men made poor , and our poor men made miserable , by a ruthless faction , whose hands have been itrengthened by an unjust and ill-judged , yet unhappily , a tolerated irresponsibility , and whose hearts have been hardened by a long and successful career of political viHany , without making another and a better directed effort to avert so dread a fate ? No ! reason , humanity , and patriotism forbid ! There is yet a means , as simple in its nature , and as easy in its application , as it is certain anil effectual , as a remedy . Let us Rive to every man that weight in society to which he is politically entitled—let us restore to all the ancient right of voting for JleajJers of
Parliamentlet all be protected in the honest and conscientious exercise of that vote by tbe Ballot , that no class may have an undue preponderance—let tlure be equal representation , in order to secure the services of honest men —1 st Members of Parliament be paid ; and let merit and ability be the sole qualification for Membership . And having thus remodelled the House of Commons , and purified the Constitution , the voice of the people wiii acs on the Legislature , and the Legislature will respond to the interests of the nation . Then , and not till then , will prosperity revisit our shores , and our country resume that place among the nations to ¦ wtyich she is entitled from the industry , talent , and enterprise of her people .
Take , we beseech yon . these matters into your immediate and serious consideration . Taink wisely , and decide justly . John V / atson , Edinburgh . William Taylor , Dalkeith . William Damells , Lasswade . James Scougall , Pathead . Stewaut M'Laubk , Lenh . David Pottkr , Chairman . Hemi y Rank in , Secretary .
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A TOICE FROM N 0 RTHALLERT 05 HELL . Northallerton , Collc-ze , August , Stih , IS 41 . DEaB Fbie . ^ d , —I received your letter , a ' jd am happy to inform }" on that my back is a deal better . I have been troubled with a pain in my side and stomach and shortness cf brrsih for several weeks , which baa taien awa ? my appetite and reduced me very much , and have been in zbe hoipiiaJ siDee tie 10 th instant , but fresh air and piriiiy of good food iiave done me a deal of good , and I hope so ^ n to retrain my strength , but am very weik &t present . 1 tavs not found the prison hospital such a p ' . acs as I anticipated , but comfortable , with a beautiful prospect , as a aib-ered social intercourse sii ' a its inmates . Sir , I haTa received no answer from the Home & « cr * t&iy to my petition . I wrot « a lespecM letter to frira on tha Hth insiant , rtqa ^ dng one , and informing him of my being in the hospital .
You will hs apprised of the liberation of four of my companions , leaving oruy iny&elf , Marshall , and BrvCk , in this hell-hole . My friend , I believe tb ^ t personal good conduct , since "we have beea e-nSned here , bas tot been the criterion by -wUct my Lord Nomianfc ? has been grr . drd . I did not expec ; iuy liberty , but am surprise * that Marshall ciid cot get his ; feeling convinced tha : there is no chance of mj p ^ ioa btlog granted , I shall persevere in trying to gst removed to sosie other place , u I cannot stand close conlcement any longer , accompanied with the silent sysit : n . Sir , you inion ^ dd : us in yonr letter which I received from yon in April ias :, that SheiBeki * w ^ s only waiting to see the result of the National Petition , and U nothing was done , they ¦ vrodd get up a meeting and petitian the Home Secretary for our removal . what h 3 £ since tran
Now , Sir , I think , considering - spired , the Committee has shown a supine : ;** jls to what becomes of us ; that I did not expect , and ! feel u if I could not ask them any nwre to petition fcr me . Six , have the kindness to inform me in yonr next how many at my Chartist brothers have got their liberty , and bow many axe in pri « an yet Sir , you wish U bo / r what becomes of my letter * I am cot itinted as to tLe time I keep letters in m > possession ; and whan I have done with them they are put away until I get my liberty ; aad if I want I can s * e them at any time I have occasion . Sir , I stnt you a copy of my petition in V : e hop * that Sheffield would endeavour to get me its prayer grafted , ¦ which I tninfe might be done , if you write to G . J . Harney the next tii ^ e he visits tbat place , to take th * rubjeci ttp-Sir , I am not daa .. tcd at tiiflss , but I do c-nfess ths ' . I dread the close co ^ 2 j > . nr . 't vf anovhtr winter—it does
a ^ ft" more harm than hi ? - ! labour Tvister time . Sir , excuse me , ; jcj * l ? ~ a Eis to speak rcy mind freely ) , I cannot bat think that it was Jcnown to macy of tt » Chaitii » delegates , whuin I Lst-j Lad the plea-
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* TIE NORTHIEN STAR .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 4, 1841, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct565/page/6/
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