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THB LAW AlfD THE PEOPLE « Wyre hungry , MMfcer , g * v » «¦ bread " Thepe —*»» APtesacryt jfrg j ^ . i heusaholri laboareth bard For tt * bjre # poverty . . ^ There is money <> tbaemmney piece , ; Yet flw iwaw '»¦*»«*•••' ¦' - " .-: ¦ 0 bitoa « fe 4 i 3-Wh * bil thej * kam > Tha jGaadtonttJas &ls fes 1 , -
TbewfitUjaid , the cbQdwa pine , Tbe ^ tfcert heart i » weak ; . . Tb ^ te is ibeJter Vit tbe beuQLJfl eold , And " winter wradrars Heat , * Tbe serf " ma * aft wlUY . * ato * ds » adi , 0311 ibe frown wft fsteejt ~ v- ; . . - - jbere * J » money now ; -rQb , ahame ! Tfee SioJe demand * a * fte . " « £ tax * . / n »* a sta *" - * vato excuse ; Tbe labourer ' s bed is sold : ' ^ b » t doth h * telli ta * b « stealthy sight * AUboagkbirkoiMiseold . ; _ : Se bas saared ttan , for hk cblldrea ' a food Oat on the idle plea ! , iet Mm W fined T- ^ be Besla 3 * 11 : — vhe , Law mast have its fee , -,-.
¦ pfi y irt that tunisbed ¦ woririsg men In * &o »* j * fl a *» peat ? .- ¦ : < Xbat tbkfraand p « Ueed peaskmen , May gorge theiaseYves "with rent What isH that wiaows bcrtett wives ? That starves poor fuTnlMw ? ~ What inadB them poor ? Tbe landlord ! Law ;—Doth jcsxicb claim no fees ?
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THE BBITISH AND ; EOREIGN RETTEW , OR ,- EUROPEAN QUARTERLY JOURNAL . No 24 . Leadon : Bichard and . John S . Taylor , Red-Lioa-CoMt , Fleet- * teeet ; Ga-. bK »» i , Pane ; A * bw , Berlin . 1841 . , "ttc poBtiesof 8 ns SqbtbH are those of tbe ft ** trade school j ; tat more liberal , and based , to some extant , apo © wander -news , this the generality ef tbe VUg prints- Tbe part before us opens with a tag j *> vk » aid analysis of Mr . Thomas Carlyk ' s reeeai work on Chartism , wlach we have pernsed with , considerable interest . One thing is dear , that aathe Mr- Carlyle , nor his reriewer , know what Chartism is . They deal somewhat largely in misre-» r « eentat » n 3 , bnt without that low abose , and evidaUy wilful perversion , of ftcts , in which our
opponents so generally indulge . The admission ef distress , and of the right of the people to expect energetic measures to be adopted for its removal or uaeHoratioa , i ? freely admitted ; bat they mistake totally the causes of the evil and the trie soaroe « f the remedy . They state that in an EbuEAbulb ' s opinion the remedy for all evils is theextenson of the niffirage ; thai if he has that , he eonliders himself free , and if he has it not , he i « » ilare ; and they evidently eeusidei thi * as a chimera rf the brain ; bat they fail in showing pause for this their jodgaest , Mr . Carlyle is as original thinker , and has told the higher erders * ery plainly that for idlers there is nopkee ; he Ays , in reference to ihe New Poor Law : —
11 Nature makes aotblos in . Tain—cet even a Poor JjH \ yntm ' Hmm \ ± ( A . For Wlthll » 6 U 6 hi from ^ diiinf in tbe octcxr agsnat tbese poar Poor Lbw CoBHgask 8 * n , * s if they were tigers in human stop * Ib »« n ** tifta ; they « re sen filled with an idaa « f a tbeoij : -tb « r ftTnm 4 Ti" » fc Act , beretical aad SsnuoU « as a whole truth , is orthodox—laudable as a ta&treth . To-crate mm filled witb a theory that ntaal of « nt ^ Joar relfef wa » tbe ome tiling needful : JSttan bad no readier way of getting out-door relief
ataed . * ? In all ways it needs , especially in these times , to be proclaimed aloud , flat for tbe idle Ban-there m no place in this K"g - of ours . He that vifl not work , and save according to his means , let him go elsewhere . ? ? He that will not work aecorftiDi to Us faculty , let him perish according to bis neces sity : t&ere is no law justor than that Would to hesTeu , one eoaid preach it abroad into the hearts of aQ sou * a&d daughters of Adam , for it is a law applicable to all ; and brisg it to bear with practical obligagan , strict as tbe Poor Law BastOe , » n all . ' "
Here it win be obserred , that something which has aotierj generjkilj been supposed to be a result of the P «* Act i * * i least hlatad &t Mi- Carljle pro-• WCkl to Uu nm » eSfiCt : — *< lhai this law of , No work no recompense , should Ant of aQ be enforced on tbe manual worker , and fecagl&atringentiy borne to bim . aod bis numerous daayvbite so many other persons and classes still go Ioom f / om it , was natural to tbe ease . Let it be « fWr * d there , and rigidly made good . It behoves to be esfareed everywhere , and rigidly made good . * * WoA i » tbe miBsion of man on this eartb- A day is trer scroggling forward , a day will arrive in some
approximate degree , when be who has no work to do , by whatever name be stay be named , will not find it goad to show himself oa oar quarter sf tbe Solar System ; but may go aad look out elsewhere , if there be any idle planet discoverable . * ? ? He that can work is a born king of something ; it in communion wiSbXtiixre , js master of a thing or things , is « priest and king ef Kature so far . He that can work at Bofhing is but an nsurping king , be bis trappings what tteynay ; he ia tbe barn Bte ? e of aU things . I « t % BanboBov his eraftntanahip , h <« eas ^ do ; an know ttal ha righta of nan bav « no ynnwr * at all with the Forty-third of Eliaibeth . "
Speaking of the suffrage he says : — " Prom of eW tbe Bnglisb pattest himself had a ? ofttfamtily reeaning notion that this was it .. The EsjHahpeople are used to suffrage ; it is their panaota tar « D that goes wrong with them ; they have a fixed ia *»« f sifiige . Singular enough : one ' s right te vote f « a Member of Parliament , to send one ' s ' twentytfcoomdth part of a master of tongue-fence to national psbvrer . ' Bit Boctors asserted that this was freedom , and no other * ? # . And how shall w « Warn ti » wpgag disappointed millioos , that they too , baring ( till Mth in what so many had faith in , still count ¦ extenaion of suSrage' tht > one thing needful ; aa& « y , m sacb manner aa they can—Let the safeage bdatOl extended , fto » aD wfll be well ? It is the aackat Bdtiab faith , promnlgated in these ages by
propAetsand evangelists ; preAcbed forth from barrelheads by all manner of men , ' He who 1 m free and tlessidbas bis twen ^ . thouaapdth part of a xaaatei of tougae-fcnce in national palaver ; whosoever is not bk * ed but unhappy , the ailment of h » T" is that he lias Uaot . OBghtbeaotto have ftthen ! Bytheuwof Oftdaodof mea , yea ;—and will have it withai . Ghartw , wUh iU \ five feints , " borne aloft on pike-beads aad torch-light meetings , ii there . Cb yr ^^ n is one of the isost natural phenomena in yfrtf *™* Not that ObtrtisB now exi » U-ab « nld provoke wonder ; but that thtinrited hmgrf peopiej * o « ld , have ami eight yean -si SMh ; Uhto # th « Barmecide , patiently expeetinx -saathiBg tr ^ r * tW . . ^ vutrt ^ n ¦ rtufatoy . Md » nt teflVfc * eight yt « n have gnm bffftiem , this to fefae »*•*»• aide at th * atkacas . "
WesregWto fed that the reviewer neofrises we intellect of the maasea as the only aevree wm » ki ^ rea l rdbr « can e « uuiat « . He sayi : — w people an nnmiBgwMfwwa&V of gmldance ; lttt they must eontiBue U ran wild , if there be no ¦ eas * of s&pprying it but by the wisdom of any class or body wbatsvec . Let the teachers and governors be m irinnH i * poMUde to conceive , they wfll not » oeopoli « o -wixfajiB , or the xppcsnsce of ¦ wisdom . Ibey wiU not meet wish loyalty , at -willingness to proit by their directing iiSotccs . Is there then no farther resource ? Admitting that the condition > f the FHpU is utterly uawnd , mart w » aw « iew » in the
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belief that there is no power wMchcattrettev * the , "Jb- ' -CarlylehtnielfAali aanrer the qnestioirfor " * , Twe&ty-foui miffion labouring maa ^ If " their * fryr » remain uarfifulatod , cbaoUti wHl Wm rtdfcs ' and jn ffls ^ ' rWfiice ns ^ ^ themsefve * , and tbe world to ashes and ruin . Simply , thebr afl&M carmot remain UnregU latt * r chaotic , but mnrt be-regulated , ' teoBgbt ! nfo « ome kind of order . . What intellect were able to regulate them ? The intellect of &pw , Jheaperj ^ of a Xntbea-, 1 / left to their qv * s&rsngtt ^ migbt ; jpaue in £ siaay before such a task ; a Baoon ait 4 Latbee added together , to be perDetual prime . minister over M , could « ot 4 oit . Moonefreat . iutdgreateit ' inUUect ' caadoit . .
What can ? Only twenty-four million ordinary intellects , os . ee awakened UAo action ; th ^ se . well presided over , mijr > ' -V :- ' -. ¦ " , - v ^ - ^ i ¦ M thea * twenfo-four minion intellects we al » o place . our hope ; snt look for a Substitute for the narrowed functions , of the governing classes . It may not be practicable , or even desfeaWe to produce in thaaaastf the people entire confidence in other *; but we know that there is a governing principle in -every man , to which be may pay sncondltional suomiadon and reverence ; aad the more tMs Is developed , the mere willing will be bi » recognition of the claims , to partial c » general obedience which , others may , . posses ? in virtue , of superior knowledge , or even of the possession of law authority . *
Tbe article goes on to advocate emigration and a general system ef national education as the renedie ? for ackfiOWbdtfed' erils , with raoch contained in it we « ordially concur , and from much vt © as cordially disse&U But it is worth » Berious perusal , and affords matter for the deepest and most unprejudiced investigation and inquiry . " Besides this we have an article on Labour , Datoh Colonies and Colonial produce , and on the Corn Laws , from aU of whic ^ s much valauble information , may oe derived . The great faalt is , all the reasoning goesto tbeBipportor * particular theory ; that of Tree fcrade- directed to a specified eadjihat of increasing our foreign trade ior the advantage of the trading and commercial classes at bom ? . The
prineip » a of-jSalthns and the Political eoocoiBiBts are constantly kept in view , aad the interests of the people . are constantly overlooked . But though the reasoning is decidedly bad , the facts and tables are such- as will afford most essential information on a variety of interesting and important suejaota . Tie article on Milimau ' s History of Christianity is extremely valuable , entirely free from , rancour or intolerance . It is a candid , well-written epitome of the progress of Christianity , as . operating upon the monis aad manners of socjefy , from the first preaching of the faith by the Apiastlea , until the decline of tbe Roaio Empire- In this review of a most important event in human history , e ^ nal jastice-is done to all parties , aad it U shewn that tbe various
persecutions to which the e « Iy Christiana were exposed had their origin in a supposed state necessity , aad did cot so ttich regard the tenets of the faith as the influence it was « appojsad to exercise over iho wellbeing of society , . ' ; In the notice of Dr . Hill ' s critique upon what he cafla ihe applkation ef tbe pantheistic theory to the fexposUUya of the history , and critioism of tbe Grospel , thf aatfior receives a , yreil merited rebuke for the careless 4 tnd inaccurate naonex in which he has translated various passages of the German Philosophers , sosoe of whose seotjaents are -eyidepUy falsified . O » j the wi ^ le , the Bfitish aad Poreign Reriewmay be oooiidered a fair aad oaudid work , eondsdied with considerable ., literary :, talent , and affording valuable information on a variety of eubjects . , " . " s , .
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• ROYAi ; LOYAL" LIBERALITY . ¦ ¦ . Loyal Exehaage Repeal Association , Cora Exchange Rooms , Dublin , ¦ . " ; . / . lSikSepV 18 * 1 . Dkax Sa , —I beg to tranBtait a aeries of resolutioes passed Jtt our publie meeting this day , expressive of oar opinion at this Association , as to tbe real viewsof ChaitiBU interienng with the Repeal cause , and the coarse which wb recrmjaen ^ the fiepealttM to puranatowards them . . - '•¦ . ¦ : ' : It is deeaud of importance that you be pleased to eommanieate -the purport of the resolutions as widely as yoo eanamoDg the friends of Ireland . I have file honour to remain , ' --Dear Sir , : Your faithful servant ; T . 4 L Rat , ¦ . ¦ - ¦ ' ; * Secretary .
- At a meeting of ( he , Loyal Katioaal Repeal Association , held at the Great Rooms , Corn Exchange , n Monday , the 13 ih September , 1841 ; Edwaed Clskests , Barrister-at-Law , in . the chair ; the following resolutions , moved by Daniel O'ConnelL . £ sq ^ HJP were unanimously passed : — Resolved—That Mr . Ray be instructed to write forthwith , to the Repealers in Birmingham and other places in England , cautioning them against soy species of connection with theCbartista , and begging of them to exclude all known Chartists from their meetings , and stating that otherwise they themselves must be excluded from being members of our Association , as we can bare no connection whatsoever with the Chartist body . Besolved , ' That Mr . Ray do state to the Repealers in England these reasons for excluding the Chartistsfrom aay communication with them : —
1 . That the Chartists have combined with the Tories in the recentelections ,, in all the towns ; where they had any influence , to support the Tory candidates , especially those most hostile to the religion and people of Ireland- = ¦ • ' ' ¦ : ' 2 . That the Chartists , as they axe tbe worBt enemies « f Intead , are , on the other bani ; the best friends of the Tory principle of absolutism , making a pretext ' iff being reformers , but , in reality being the most active opponents of practical reform : 3 . That by means-of Chartist violence , in the disturbing of public meetings , rational Reformers , disposed to tranquillity ana peaceable exertions alone , have been driven into silence , and , we fear , have fallen into apathy .
4 . That the base tyranny of the Chartists , in forcibly preventing tbe publie expression of any popular opinions differing-in any degree from their own , have been * the means of securing Tory misrule and tyranny , by stifling the salutary voice of public opinion . ' 5 . That the Chartists have completely succeeded in patting an end to all Societies and Associations in England for Parliamentary Reform . The Reformers are disconnected aud driven into silence . Under tbe auspices of the Chartists the Tories have everywhere triumphed . r 6 th . That the Chartists having suffocated the cause of Reform in England now seem determined to try the same- same with respect to the Repeal in
Ireland . Thoy affected to be Reformers in England , that they might injure the cause of Reform ; some of them now affect to be Repealers , with the ill-coneeaJed determination to injure and destroy the cause of Repeal in Ireland . 7 . That the attempt to produce dissension among the Irish Repealers , is made by the Chartists -uniting with the most inveterate and bitter of the Tories , in false and atrocious calumnies , against the leaders of the Irish people . The Tmet and the other most unprincipled Tory journals , are scarcely equalled in the malignant calumnies , against the leaders of the Irish people , by the equally false and atrocious libels of the Chartist press . In short , the Chartists and the Tories are playing the same game , in the Bame way and by the same means as far as relates to tbe Repealers of Ireland .
. &i That the interference of Chartists with the Repeal cannot be intended for anything but evil , because the RepealerB avow , and are ready to work ont the same- principles of Reform whiok tbe Chartists pretend to adopt . The Repealers Assert as their principles of Reform , that general right of voting which the Chartists most inaccurately call Universal ; that is , tbe Repealers insist that every male adult , arrived at ihe age of twenty-one ^ should have therihtk »» ote (« nles 8 hebe a lunatic , idiot , or convicted of any flagitious crime ) , whether he be householder or lodger , provided he shall have resided in the district In winch he votes for six continuous months before voting . This we call" General " or Household Suffrage , and it is , in fact , identical -mth that which is by the Chartist 3 mis-caHed " Universal . " '
Next The Repealers are decided advocates for the Vote by Ballot—the only honest mode of vot-Kext . The Repeaters are for shortening the duration of Parliaments , so as not by any possibility to exceed the term ef three yaars . . Next . The Repealers are for equalising the electoral districts Next . The Bepeafers are tor abolishing the Property Q , aalification . Next . The Repealers are for allowing any constituency to contribute to the support of their representatives . . - This being ihe political * reed of the Repealers , with respect to Reform , there is not the smallest occasion for engrafting Chartism npon the Repeal struggle , or for eoataminatiiiff the pure and holy eaueof Repeal - * riUi the ^ toreh « nd dagger tarba-¦ ¦
« 4 WB wt imwiiswiiipi v *« w **»«»« . - - ' - Lastlj . The Bepealew will as little risk the » daager as eadure the « ontamination of Cbartirt vioJenoe . I ^ a ^ mc Cl aTtiits have proclaimed the- » wreh and : daf « e »» « adiuBets to sh « r s « it » tie »; Umi * ing Chartists have appeared in © peo ba * Ue array againat the Queen's troops ; » nd * o * , that the leaders of that insurrestion bave ' been vpoti the merits , convicted © f high treason , a / ihootfi deprived of tne benefit of a point of . law v yet though the conviction was upon the merits , the / . e leaders are cried op as martyrs by the Cbarusts . Their names are invoked with applause at their p * jblic meetings , UMi tbns Chartism becomes united w ith high treason . The peaceable , temperate . h » ot » 1 , and loyal Re * pealers of Ireland can therefore ) j&ve uo connexion with practical Chartism . Edwibo CLErjBKTS , Chairman . T . M . RjlT , oeorettxy .
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^ TRIAJL ; Q £ 3 Um » lS ? j JZQR T ^; MURDEB , s . h . i > ^ cPKilift . ; BUBDQN - , . ¦ ^ ^ l ; ^ w t * A W * * ' <^ P «^ uConrt , oji : Tharadi i ^ b | rt Wi ^ ! r-W » J&i befrw Lord Abinger and . ldr . Baron GHtfnW . tor ^ tiie » to < IeT 6 t JaSeft BdrdoH ,- m&mm ? rt ihe-m . gvSI P * m " ^ oweifa f ^ f » p , - Mt < i ^ fto tlartwl , Sir ^ h a ^ aaaMarahalL and ^ Alderman Hooper , wereontfie i beficfi . Or . Fayne was counsel fo * the prosecution ; ^ Bodkto ^ jMrr Cnarlev PWHl M ^ WftB id-1 ^ 5 iS 1 *" ^ ' fa Bttbdued ^ tone : ef veice , pleaded , " Jiot guilty . " He looke ^ paJa janA ^ hou ^ htfol , . and for the most part kept his eyes * fuced upon the ground . Mr . Payne narri ^ Bo ^' Bliikealey mnrdered Mr . Bnrdon * a thef tlJthe of ; the 21 st of September . The , Iret . witwee hm Edward Brjstow , a Qty Po ^ eeman jj wh ^ s tated a , sonversatipn which , had passed between the prisoner ' and himself on the jnoruingoltheSlsk-i- - ¦¦ ' '¦ ' - ¦ " ¦ . . * > j ..- > , ; ( "Hi ' ' li' ' J . ' ¦_ " * * n _ it' - . _ - ; ' l ¦
" I remember the prisoner taakfo ; applieatton to me early on toe nwrning otTneadayibe&Siat of ^ spteaber . pesaid , bls wifewas . detainedafetbe Kiag * * Head ,. and asked me if I . could apt procure an interview with her . 1 « ld I thougtt I could ; and I referred him to the Sergeant of < mr corps . Tbe prisoHer * Tt <* waTds went with me to tbe ; King ' s B «» d , We weot to together , i p » ceased was , behind . tbe bar . prisoner saidr . * Nqs » . James , I am come to demand my wife . ' Bdrdbn " said , You had better go about your business , ' ' BlakesJey said . ' . YonheaxthU , Sristow . ' riaid , . ' BUk « 0 ey 4 ntend « to go before the Lord Mayor to claim bis wife . ' Burdon said , < He had better . go from here , and repeatedly added , I know nothing of' hlmi * I at length said , Blakealey , we had better gt >; and we have dona' We then went away . 31 akesley bad previously told me that he , bad . been unfprtonate in busjaesa * ' and thai his wife ' s friends haatASenber away from him . " '
' Bristow added , on cross-examination , that Blakesley appeared to liav * been up all night ; and he showed a setter which heiad received from his wife respecting he * detection . George Harrold , a hairdresser , who shaved Blakealey © n the 21 st , said that he told him all about the interview with Mr . Burdon ; he exclaimed that it was enough to make a man mad , and that if he had had asv thing in bis hand he should have shot Bunion . William Brandon , a policeman , was passing a hatcher ' s shop with Blakesley , whom , he knew , when the latter , talking of the affair , and seeine a knife , cried" If I had had
that in my had I should have useif It , " , Braddon said , Nonsense "; and then Blakesley added , " By God , I think I should . " Charles D » x" » a cutler ' s son , sold a butchers knife to B ^ eslej , at bis father ' s shop in Aldgate High Street , at onap ' clock on the 21 st : it was sharpened at the back , ai his request . Mrs . Burdon related how the murder was committed . . When asked if she saw Blaktffiley , Bhe exclaimed— "I did see h » m—I see him bow—the murderer 1 " Lord Abinger— " You must endeavour to eahn your passions . " Blakesley covered his face with his bands , and sobbed aloud . Mr . Burdon proceeded— . . .. : ¦„
" My hasbaod was , at the time tbe prisoner earns in , sitting asleep oa a chair near , the table in tbe bar , -and I was sitting there with my sister . I beard something , and looking up saw Blakesley . He sprang to my sister , and stabbed her in tbe left aide , saying , ' Tour life , your life ! ' He then stabbed my husband , who was sitting in the chair . I then saw that be bad a Knife in bis band . He next attempted to stab me , bat was prevented by my sister . He then rushed ont of the bar with the knife in his hand streaming with blood . My sister and my husband fallowed him as far as tbe bardoor , when my husband reeled against the bar-counter and felL The prisoner then turned round , with the knife in his band , aad looked at us . He carati back half-way across tbe passage , when be threw the knife down and went out of the bouse . - When he . bad tbe door in his band to go ont , he looked round a second time . I have never seen him again nntil now . "
Some people who came to the assistance of the Bordered man and the women , Mr . Cornelias Smith , the medical man who was called to the spot and found Burdon dying , and Dunn , the constable who arrested Blakesley at Hitcben on the 37 th September , were the other witnesses examined for the pto-• ecution . Blakealej told Dunn that he did mean to kill his wife , bat not Bardon , if he had not inter fered . ¦ - ¦ ' ¦ ¦¦¦ Mr , Charles Phillips addressed the Jnry . He attempted- to exculpate the prisoner , on the ground of insanity ; his wandering about on the night before the murder showed that the separation from
his wife had deranged a mind naturally weak . ' His whole life had been marked by visionary projectsu He would quit home , be absent for a tine , and then return apparently lost in thought , and unable to give any account of the manner in which he had spent his time . Sent into the country on business he would return without having attended to it , and be utterly incapable of giving an account of himself . He would spend his time in wandering about and lying in the fields at night , instead of returning to the paternal roof , where all was comfort and happiness . If these acts did not prove insanity , they were proofs of such a state of weakness of intellect as would be very likely to be driven to madness by cruelty . "
Mr . James Blakesley , the father , a Blackwellhall factor ( clothier ) , deposed , that when his son was four or five years old he was attacked by an illness which paralyzed his limbs , so that he would sometimes fall , and remain in that state for hours . That illness vras considered to render his mind weak . He often remained silent , and refused to play with other boj 8 ; and after he grew up and he was employed in the warehouse , he would sit at times with fixed eyes and quivering lips , as if he did not know what he . was about He had , however , said Mr . Blakesley , on eross-exajninatioa * never been submitted to personal restraint , nor had he had medical attendance ; and the witness had never scrupled to trust his books to him to keep . His conversation was generally rational . Mr . Robert Bell Williams , * wine merchant in Saffolk-street , deposed to a
project which Robert Blakesley once engaged in ; he took a house , which he chose because it was " pretty , " at Foot ' s Cray , in Kent , in order to convert it into a bakery ; and he proposed to hire a cart and horses at a livery-stable to carry the bread to town for sale as bread baked in the country . Once , when his father refused to set him up in business in the oountry , he became violently convulsed , his face grew livid , and be said he would go and Bell dog ' s meat in the street , or hang himself upon a lamppost . In his reply , Mr . Payne explained that Mrs . Blakesley waa only detained by her brother-in-law in order to provide for her while her husband was unable to do so . Lord Abinger , when he summed up , expressed an opinion that no proof had been given that Blakesley ' s mind was affected to that degree that he did not Know what he was about .
The Jury returned a verdict of " Guilty . " When Blakesley was called on to say why sentence should not be passed upon him , he raised his right hand , struck it with violence upon his breast , and in a loud voice cried , " So help me God , I am innocent of the intent to mnrder James Burdon . " Lord Abinger then pot on the'black cap , and Bentenced him to death , amid deathlike silence . Daring the sentence he did not manifest any greater degree of emotion than at any other part of the trial ; but he kept his eyes steadily fixed upon the floor , and in that state he was removed from the dock .
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ADJOURNED DISCUSSION ON SOCFALTSM AND CHARTISM , JOHN-STREET , TOTTENHAMCOUBT-BOAD- FRIDAY , SEPTEMBER THE 29 TH . This subject continues to create more excitement than any other brought before the public at this HalL Mr . Fleming opened the ihe dlscnasion . Socialism was more deserving of support , because it waa more comprehensive . If the Chartist * obtained all they asked Universal Suffrage , dec . even this would not effect aay change in tbe relative position of intelligence and ignorance , of capital and labour ; the influence of class prejudices and class interests would atill prevail . Socialism included In the . field of its vision , man and bis manifold wants , while Chartism contemplated man only
as a political , as a hustings animat , as a Parliament animal , as a statesman , leaving oat all the other great questions connected with his moral and intellectual existence , or If it did not leave them pot , it must take time to consider . They must first get tbe Charter , and then they would decide upon this subject ; but when will you get the Charter ? Who will get tbe Chaster ? Surely not a body Of men who are destitute of political influence , or who bave no immediate eontroul on those who have votes—a body of mea' who are without propetty , and who are inferior to otber classes in numerical superiority , entertaining views , © f many subjects similar to those of Mr . Williams . He bad proposed him as a candidate at the Leeds election It was a most magni ficent meeting ; but what was the result , upwards
of 190 , 000 persons were present Yet the show of bands for the Chartist candidates , was lnferlo * to that of either Whig or Tory . A similar result was shown at Wakefleld for the county election . . What wealthy men —« bat wealthy corporations have you ' , advocating your eause ? What Intelligence hare you ? It must be admitted that wealth aad intelligence weald always way the destinies ef a country ; and that the Chartists ha * not the intelligence necessary , was e * MenCed from tbeb ? staple subject of eomplaint ; being a vote £ 30 , © 8 t ftetdwatfon , and £ Tt , © W for her Majesty * horses -of what avail are you large pubUe mwtwngs jpmt . nawJonats appeals—yow elotnstat addresses ! H * did
not wish to disparag * them ; b « t If G ^ emiBent w * s aware of its true p-sitioaVU would encourage them as ' safety Taftras , Vy which to get rid of the pent-upiH « oonteat which wotW be gathering . Agate , la > afcw months a meeting would be vailed , strong resolution * passedy much eloquent speaking take place , and the spare stos-jj being thus let off , all would go on quietly . The 8 cf . ialisto take another mode-, they endeavour to g « t'lrjid _ to get influence In accordance with existing : Jar , « and institutions , and so go out armed with-, their ' Twp weapons to meet the enemy . Mr . Flaming , tt 8 a , tracec the history of Socia'ism and 'Chartism . Be cialiim had only been four and a half years in existence , yet the ] were in possession of 1000 i / SNl of las-j and had ex
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¦ ' •¦¦ -- '¦';¦•"'• ' ,. -- : - - ; r . ' .,- ' . tu- ' j .. ^ vir . - Li . ' . ^ ' i-j'i , " pendarupwardiro * « iooft < a » improvtagifc m * W& l ^^ tS ^^ Ht L ***» SUSSES ' ^ SS SSiS * * ^^ to ^ i' -Ohartfitt . ? H # theti atltfde * 16 the-fBiluresof ihB CbartUts- ^ itf the e ^ tMn » a ? l ^^^^^ ^^^^^ exirte ^ itatest ^ , r < Mrtated to tBe Methdd&far ^ fer rfSffiJ «*««« f *«^ rea thefr eondabt' in the ^ S ^ f ^' ^ ^*" ** ' * Aettld ^ bs ' hfrsW t * enertrtpoliH ^ l . power IirWth « ittuid * df so powerful . * JJ ° K ° ? « * body } » PP «* ea *<>«» Star in proof cWiiffWA '
uwamiit ^^ Ht ipr ^^ pto in , ^; . fa ^^ »« i «* wk waldr tort cesturte * to bring It to perfection ,..,. ^ , t -, "¦> . - „ -. ' , - ' - . ;¦ ¦ .- . th » advr ttakeorha ^ ng batf ii h < iur to opefi Che MS It ^ : ^ tt »» peakwaoA the Socialist rid have wgned obtain CharHsm ; but , they seemed qnite to overlook that , accordingto tbefr'bwn acobnnt , more tnfefttgenoe was aeeestary taform » 8 S < fUll « t than a Chskia ^ and consequently we were not Intelligent enougn for SocjaUsm . ( Hear . hear . ) But of what materjos dp * bey suppose the Chartists are made ; do they Wiajdae $ L I 5 * 5 ? uKi ° * x * - * to ^ V-to : m * iM th ^ theChartirts are a large part' add portWm of the Social tooay , who eonHder CharBsm to be thestepnin * - to So oUiismdo 6
^ ow . ; not the working elasses produce ^ ^ L baila * » e lK ) Hses , ^ . brlcsto ^ irthe clothtog . Does not Lord Brougham assure us that tbe working classes write tbe greater portion of our works on arts an * sciences . Have not your Social ieeturen sprung from the working classes ? and yet you tall q « they are not Intelligent enough to rote for a Member of Parliament If jtm wanted to / Ieam ¦¦ a youth to be a shoemai » fc , 7 omvw * nld' set him towork at the trad * Set us to work , and If we are Ignorant we will learn . Mr , Stallwood then replied to Mr . Fleming respeettntf the CbarttoU « ot po « se « rtng wealth or talent <» their side , and showed that they possessed many advocates both talented and wialthy . He then contrvfed tbe expense of their Cobgres # es aad oar Coi » venH 6 * s i explained that the Hampshire estate was only leasebold , and that the Social balls were not tbe exclusive
property .. of the Socialists , but tbe pvopwty ofHfio shareholders ; exemplified the uncertalirtybf"Social prosperity without poHtloal power , by referring to the conduct of the Synod of Scotland against them * and showed that , In the late persecutions , they had borne the brunt of the battle , and thereby sWeldea tlie Socialists ; that if there was a pr * judlo « agamst the Cbaraate , there was much more against the Sociatiste , that millions openly professed their adherence to th « Charter , ; while few . very few , dare openly' embrace the doctrine : of SoeteHnn ; that ef en Bobert Bale Owen aokn « wledged it was impolUic so to « lo . If the working classes were to wait a . qenturribr the attainment of Socialism , It waa felly to ask for their support , " Chartism was more practicable ; the middle classes were fast joining our ranks , and therefore being the most likely to be obtained it was most deserving our support
' Dr . SHOTSKIE sild some of the speakers contended for onesidadBeM \ lie was for allsldedneas . The plain English of the question was—will you give your sixpence , one shilling , er two shillings and sixpence to the Chartists or to the Socialists . ( No , no . ) This was tbe truth ; and that made 16 a ticklish qnestioR . ' If Socialism could not be got in less than one hundred yean , that was a long time , they might not live so long : His Friend , Lleyd Jones , wanted to make Sodalismto * big , to put too much in ; this was not rational , was dot logical . He Would tell them a ( able . A man bought a horse and cart , and wanted to make money by its so ha loaded the cart bo full that the
horse ceuld hot draw it ; be asked his nelghbonr how he should manage , bis horse would not draw ifc , and he could not make money . . H ( s neighbour told him not to load it so heavy , and he might then get on . He thought Socialism too heavy loaded ; he thought they had done wroD ? to take to farming'Chartism ; and Socialism was a question of time and means . If they had plenty of time and means ; take Socialism j if not , according to their judgment , they should co-operate together ; at any demonstration they should unite , look at this hall ; three months ago they never bad above seven or eight bundrnd present ; now look what co-operation bad done ; ' . . ... -:-. ¦
Mr . Peat « afd their object was to see which system would produce the greatest amount of good to the greatest number ; most of the plans brought forth by the Socialists for the amelioration of the condition of mankind , are only adaptations Of Radical principles , ead were first put forth by Robert Cowley , Inihe time of Henry Ylll ., 844 yet some of the Socialists sfroke sneerlnglybf ! Udic » i principles , ajift ' asited what had they d » ne with the money , ico ., t ^ ey h » d expended : What weuld the Socialists have done If they bad happened to have five hundred of thelracHve . members to support in prison , —( hear , hear , )—and what wae tbe reason they had tiot ; their principles ' were more levelling than the Chartist * , but they bud acted" with more caution ; they bad leavened' their proceedings with much hypocrisy . ( No , no . ) Was not their first toast , at their anniversaries . Ac , " The Queen and the Royal Fatally ; " Is not this hypocritical . I kridwthat trie So « taUsu entertain as mucn contempt for tboae f « U-
mummeries , that they despise them equally with myself ; they bad been taunted with the little progress they had made , and the show of bands being against them at the Yorkshire elections- ; there were many causes produced this result ; but ' wonid a Social candidate have obtained an equal number of hands held up ? Mr . Peat then alluded to tbe suffrage in America , and showed that the Social experiment * had succeeded better there there , on account of her democratic form of government ; showed , the impossibility of the poor weavers , and others , of this country , ever entering a community ; directed the attention of the Chartists to co-operation , and the advantages arising therefrom ; showed that the Social establishment at Tytberly was only a co-operative establishment , differing but In kind from those established by tbe Chartists in the North ; showed that a Tory Government would not let them cany thoit oper&Uo-ns in Bucoeasful practice , and that tbe Charter was most deserving of our support
Mr . NEWS was of opinion that a great deal that bad been said by tbe Chartists was useless ; it was not whether tbe Charter would be beneficial , but which system would be most beneficial . You have taunted us with the failure of our experiments in this oountry ; they were crude , undigested attempts , and the result was In strict accordance with the Social principle , either positive or negative ; have not the Caartlstsfailed ; are they not divided amongst themselves ; and if you had your wish—a fair day ' s wages for a fair day ' s workwhat would ye be but a race of well-fed slaves ? Mr .
News then referred to the distress in America , which arose from the inequality of the distribution of wealth . They had been aaked—what would Socialism do for the poor ? Now , what would Chartism do for the poor ? Dare you say : bow many years will elapse before you get it The Reform BUI was a paltry measure , aa compared with your Charter , and bow many years were the working classes combined with the middle classes in obtaining even that measure , once get a community into perfect operation , and like our railways they would , soon surmount opposition and cover tbe whole land .
Mr . Pa but bad not beard tbe Socialists advance one good reason why they preferred Socialism to Chartism . AW their efforts had been directed to show that they were in a pro sperous , while the Chartists were In an abject , condition . Mr . Parry , In a stjleof eloquenee which comp letely carried the audience with him , showed the advantages to be derived from the Charter , and that it was tbe most deserving of support , becaate most adapted to our present circumstances . He exposed in a masterly manner the plea of our , non-intelligence put forth by tbe Social advocates , and said that on tbe previous evening be had heard Mr . Lloyd Jones dilate on the pride of the High Church party , on tbe affected
pride of the Quakers , on tbe arrogance of tbe Methodists , but be seemed to forget the beam in their own eyes , the leading frailty of the Soeialiats—their own class pride . He ( Mr . Parry ) should wish the subject before then to be subjected to the test of the' largest public meeting that could be procure * In the metropolis , and they would then be able to aseertain which was most in favour with tbe public , Socialism er Chartism . Mr . Parry throughout the whole ef his address was greeted with tremendous applause , and was allowed ) by all to be tbe most eloquent defender of Chartist principles , who , has yet appeared , on the metropolitan boards . ' -. ,
Mr . Llovd Jones . —He was sot opposed to a » expression of pablie feeling , but b » blamed the wamth with which it was manifested . Why should two parties , who approached so near to each other |» their ultimate object and only differed in their mode ef Carrying it out , be led by excess sf feeling Into apparent oppositien . Mr . Jones , in bis-usual calm and graeeful manner , dilated on tbe principles at issue . He allowed that elaas pride was a fault into which , as a party , they might bappeat to fad ; he was thankful to be told of their errors , and h / j hoped their Chartist brethren would receive their hintf , in a similar manner , Mr . Jones , In conclwsion , challenged Mr . Parry to discuss the question with him at sour e large place of public meeting , or "Mr . Parry and One other , against himself and a friefld ^ aBd be had no dou > > t if the audience were all CbarUau , that be should con' / ince them of the superiority of his prinetoles . ^ ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ , - " : v . ¦ > '•¦¦' ¦/¦ : ¦ ¦ ¦ : " ' ¦ . .: , "" ,
Tbe meet ? ng then adjourned , the feeling of the audience deci dedly preponderating in favour ef Chartism . Mr . T . M , Wheeler will open ( be subject on the ensuing Friday , -xm the Chartist side of this question . .
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/ THE TOWER OF LONDON . ; : AWFTJL OONFL 4 OBATIOX . ^ An event which will be todg r ^ embertS la ' ; the annals of English history , and irtlcfcVnay be tega «« td to every respect as a truly natlonaji calamity , visited & » metropolis on SiturOay nigbtJast—viz , the entire de ^ atrucUon , together witrl ita eoatents . orttottnagb ^ cen buUding , fonninriopTominentafe » WrtlBWefw- » med Tower oJLon (| oii , ilenominatea !" Xbe © rand Storebouse Small Armoury , " containing , to addttioato aa almostaad innuraerable quantity of trophies , wd otter evidmeea of Uritiah glory . ad less ft numhe > tfton 200 . 009 stand of arms , fcc .
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- 11 -In iorderthat a& « dequaU Waamay beformed of the lextentof ttls serious loss to the eotmtwftt 'may be a * ¦ V Oi ^ S Utun ^ tmaut ¦ nvawmali desettpUoa of tt , » e . buUdlag ,, datroyed , takea *<» authentic reJ cot ¦*» b » fow eatering isto any of tb « facts eonaeeted Witb ^ f " ^ ' -V . ' - \; jSi 5 ., - : ' . tt ! ¦* , * .. & WH A !< l ' a / :- ± 11 . ^ riij ¦ ~ ' W-V j ^ l ^ fwI ^^ MTW'iiwefe f fl ° l ^ H d M ^ # ^^ % fMtoii < , ii . 4 t . « 5 *« n *» is » length ZU \ feet , rod Is 60 feat bwadj H WMcomm « nc * by James l&t and , flnisbed sby Wifllam ; UI . On the first floor of ibis ediflca 1 » that nugnlflcent room < alkd the SmaU Arwroury . On the aoutb side of this strpa-,
tare is s ^ ateJU door-cas * . adorned wHh four colman % an entablature , and a trtaagBlar psdjinent-of-: the Dbrio w&m . / Unde ? v& .-g / tm& i ^ M * : iimifr .. &m with enrickments of tropby work , by tbe celebrated artls * Olbboas . At the w « s > e ^ d Kof , ttrlf , b « lldi 98 f « situate tbe ^ cburch , founded by Edward IIL , and dedieated to St Peter to shainsv to which are deposited the wmalasef many aoble and SDmctroyalpersoBages , executed Within tbe-Towes , or on ttw hiljl , and baried here rnobscwri ty . On the east pt thisbuUding is situate tbe aewly- « reete 4 Jewel Tower , to wfaiehr the regalia sad all the Crown jewel * are kept" .
:, The conflagration , which exceeded to grandenr even the great fire at the House of Commons or the Royal Exchange , caused the greatest eonsteroation throughout the entire metropolis , ' and . from ^ the commanding situation of Tower-hill , many thousand persons had aa OPportUBity Of WitoeSSlBtf thd -ptOgtHVotiho devoarlsg element From ttie great « xatemeikt aud confusion which It msy natntoUy W ezpeeted aacn an ev « at oomatoned , it was Impossible that oa Saturday night anything but a mere outline of particulars « o « Id ~ be obtained . The following , however , ; belng the rwralt of diligent research In every quarter , and from tefor matlw derived from theM * erj fcigbestauthority , cannot full of being «» aeeutate' as circumstanees win admit : of . .- ' - -.. ¦ ¦ ¦» •¦ : . « . "& >•/ ^ -i ¦ . iy- - i ¦ > ,. ;; . ¦ - . ¦ .. ¦¦; - „ : ¦ ,:. - : ¦> ¦¦ > : ¦ ¦
Tbeartfouljfresk of the fire took place precisely at balf . pMt ; t » ni )* c ; ock ,, # fcwb } eh tW tbe , att « ntion of the sentlnw pn idutf ; . aB ^ , tanrace , near the Jewehofflce , was attracted to wb ^ appwed to be a gllmmertog light under what ^ b ^ inad •• the Round Table , " or eupoU of thfl . Round j Tqw * r , which to detached from the Armour ? on tne north side , facing the trinity House , Vower-bUl , and ^ ajtwatd te the grand staircase leading to tbtt Sl ^^ AJrmuOTjr . In IbnrOial , Inawuce 11 X 9 : MBtlnel toofcBOraotlce of it ; bub shortly after observing thai it became stronger , and being convinced that something was-wroag , be fired bis musket ' . to give an alarm , and to a few minutea the whole of the officers turned out , and tbe entire battalion of Scot * Fusilier Guards , quartered to the Old Mill Barracks , mustered
to the sound of therappeL The flames in a few minutes begin to burat forth from the -windows of the Bound ^ ower with fearful Tiolenee . Tp . describe the excitement which prevailed , not only amongst the military , but the dvll residents of the fortressr , would indeed be an Mt of rapWogatton . Suffice it to say , the Instant the drums beat the alarm , the whole of the > oop » . several hundred to number , were seen rushing out of their quarters in all directions , many in a state almost of nudity . The moment Colonel Auckland Eden , the officer commanding , was made acquainted with the nature of the alarm , he lost no time' in de « p » tobing information to Major EMngton , the acttoff Governor of the Tower ih the absence of Oolomel Gttrwood , the Deputy Lieutenant Hei then directed the soldiers to turn out the Tower engines ' ( nine to number ) , which was Immediately acoompllaBea , aM they were brought to the spot , and active measures taken to have
them In readiness to ineet any emergency ; for sotae time , however , sufficient water cotdd onry be procured to work onei ^ wblcb proved of but littiesewioe . in consequence of the tremendous height of the Round Tower , and the great difficulty of obtaining a position whereby it could be reached . Within a few , minutes of the . alarm being given the flames . were dearly discernible on Tower-biU , and information was promptly conveyed to tbe various fire-engine stations throughout the metropolis , and thousands of persons were congregating from all directions . The first engine that made its appearance was that belonging to the pariah of Atlballows , Barking , and it was , speedily followed . by three other engines belonging to ' parishes to the precincts of the Tower . On their arrival they found the western gate completely barricaded , and the officer to command for some time refused them admission , having received orders to admit no one .
Shortly after the large engine and others belonging to the london Fire Brigadef arrived , and subsequently , the order being countermanded , the . enrines were admitted , aad at once made the beat of their way to tbe Broadwalk fronting the White Tower and the Small Armoury , and took up their respective stations fronting ; ' ttie grand entrance to tbe latter building , which bad previously been broken open , although no fears where then entertained that H would become a prey to the flames , the fire being at this Wme confined to the Round Tower , although It was burning with' fearful violence . Under the direction of the warders the firemen procured water from tanks which are sunk to various parts of the Toweri and proceeded to get their engines to work , tbe soldiers working them -with the most- praiseworthy
alacrity . The hose Was to the first Instance conveyed through tbe lower part pf the" Grand StQrehonse '' and op the grand » ta 4 r < jas « to ttift roof < # the-Armoury , which , was tbtn jiatoiehc ^ ^ Qodnc . tsuthft . excite ment ., however ., wblch -the alarm ; bad oecaalened , no Immediate , ; teformatioa could ' . be ' ^ obtataedr either las to tb * v ,. ? nean » -of , entraote to- . the * V 9 ck tower , or to the exterior of . the roof ; and had the firemen obtained their object , little or no service could have been effected , inasmuch as within a fej » i minute * afterwardSjthe . water h& 4 sunk so low in the tanks alluded te that the hose of tbe engines ' could not reach it By this time , a quarter to eleven o'clock , tbe engines from Jeffrey ' s-square , 'Wbtteeross-street , Morgan ' s lane . Souyiwark-bridgeroad , and others which
were at the time at a fire raging in tbe Strand , arrived with Mr . Braid wood " , the raperint « ft < 'eit , as also t&ose of the West of England and C > onnty fira-offices , and the Custom-house . By eleven o ' clock the destruction of the Round Tower was complete , and for a short time great hopes existed that danger was-St an end , but subsequently s > cry was raised that it had reached the Armoury roof nearest adjoining It This was found to be too true , and although It Is needless to say that every' effort that human power could devise was resorted to in order to save this magnificent and stupendous structure , or in some measure check the progress of the flames , it is to be regretted that tbey . proceeded with a fury which balled exertions almost superhuman , and which has ended In Its total destruction . Oa
findtog this was tbe ease , a general rush was made by the soldiery in order to- secure as many of the arms and other valuables a * possible , and two of the brigade engines having again obtained a supply of water through the medium of others stationed near the river , Moekay and Staple , their respective engineers , carried the branches into the great Armoury-room , and got to work , managing to retain their position for nearly half an hour , playing upon the celling wherever the fire made its appearance \ . but a large quantity giving way , tbe whole of the interior between tbe roof and tbe celling was found to be on fire . This made them' quit their position and make their eseape by tbe grand Staircase , and In an inBtant after tbe entire ceiling of the ¦ pacioHs hall gave way and fitted it . with smoke and
fire . By this time , twenty minutes past eleven o ' clock , tbe flames were seen issuing from all parts of the roof of the building , and subsequently reaching to the Clocktower In the centre , Ihe scene which presented itself was at once terrible-and awfully magnificent Tbe flames , which" shot up to a most alarming height , bad so completely reddened tb « horizon , that it bad attracted to the neighbourhood of Tower-bill countless multitudes , and the lurid glare which the devastating element shed upon them , and upon tke various craft with which 'the river Tfcame * was studded , was picturesque and appalling to the extreme . Crowds of people still continued pouring to to Tower-bill from every avenue that led to it , and several times It waa-to be eared that an assault would Mavis been made by the
populace upon' the * Tower g&cea , and . Which would doubtless have been the ease but for the strong bodies of troops stationed there , and the arrival of between 200 and 300 of the luefcropblitaa jtoiice under the orders of Superintendents Fnarce aad May , and Inspectors Maclean and Wallar , and also a > strong body of the city police force , acting under Mr . Inspector Bradley . The cries of persons 1 c * permlsrion to entet the * Tower who bad friends resident tbereia w « re tocessant , as 4 several conflicts took J ^ ace . Thin state of thing * owittnning , Major Elrto « toa . d « emed it advisable to sendtfor a reinforcement of tsobps , and about half-past oasb ' clock a battalion of tbeScotsFuslKwGuards , 46 o » s *» otig , arrived , and those who bad twen working at tbe tre and ba 4 been on duty at the gates , were in ¦ seme measure
relieved . Tbe gongs of the- bwge floating aaglnes of the tire brigade announced tbebf arrival froiav their respective stations ; of SouthWatfc-bridge and Ipttierhlthe off the Tower wharf , and add « d to the gwoeral din and confusion . Having , bees moored close alongside Traitorsgate , numbers of peranas "locked to ttkelr assistance , butfaaviBsr no le » tha » ?«• fe * t ofl » se to Uy down before ti » watfe eouM b * brougbt to bear upon ^ tbe now mass of flamer 1 h * beeome loo late tot them to be ol any effectual service . By half-past twelve o ' clock tb » eonflagratloB bad reached to ^ frlghtlal magnKaae ; . It bad « t « rfed through the flooring of the SrsattAirmoury ^ iBto tfc * bwetcomMrtmetiv oocapliid byabet » in ofartBtoty SS ^ SraWhie . « jmftjggg * g known to the public . From this penod th * fl . H »» i , co » - S ^ to lncreWwith s ^ rearf ^ oleBcethatsww
would bei ovenrtwlmedjtod beeone a i » W | 2 W ; ^ b ^^ wS ^ iaisa ¦ vmtmfrm *^ - * # **^*^ M * e ^ the btoad w » lk betw «« l t ^ Mwi , « M tht Whit * Tow ^^ brfort it was pos « lW 6 toreaov « the m *** , «« oftbws t were r ^» v « r ou * W « aMy . At me o'clock the wh « l «« f tb « dock Tow * r , wMohkad stood tottering for some tiaw , together with a g-eat mass of the toef , and « ome portiou of the upper heavy stone work of the buirdlnr , fell In with a tremendous crash , resembling the firteg ol " heavy artillery . Immediately after this , the flwnes for some time Increased their height , b « l assumed a U ? itl hue of a most unearthly description , and evidently blew over in the direction of the White Tower , for . which great fears were bow entertained . It is eur ' . ous to remark , that , notwitbatand-
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% * ** totemPmkrtm Ithad to Sw *^ the vane , on the top of the cupola of the Clock Town kept Its point to the north-eeat , at "wMohlifc wax polntrag wbn » -tla » flre commenced , eveii a * the time the towsr Jettm . nyi attentiooa were bow dleectal tawards UuW<a Tdwer andtll «« htjreb « f Bt Prtefci Tteaeaaea watHTptoeav tunning from tbe roof of tbe former , were melted ; sad the framesrof tbewindo . mha ^ j ^ rei | Cdy ignited J ^ t s > P'W ^ : *« jg 8 Jjr " « f w ^^ hAriag b ^^ . obWa « d ,. the exerthins otthf flrem ^ . wjhtiers , o ^ rc , were direeted to . it , a&tf , . Jfriras oafy ^ copiMu ^ atreams of witer-belBi ^ <« re 4 fpon itj , ^;|^ J ^ f ? eaf | i ^ j ^ ^ ni # | i : 'alsofjtodebtfcl to ^^ ^ j ^ w ^ xaiv .. e ^ rtioQi el $ ofllcers of the garrison and , lii a ~ saldien : under Ujejr WWf&JtetewSwn *^ T
Tba _ JeweJ Tower , nex ^ attracted the attea ^ on « f , the * authorities : the wind having shifted , blew the flame * Ip , ^ t d |»|| ip a , and , i t * destrwtip . apptawdInavltable . " Ota ttla ^ cnnistance reacsiag the ears of tbe GovernoV M ^ »** n «« ton l i be &urtantfy . diret | ed the warders to break it ojm at , all risks , sotara the regaHa aad Crowa Jewel * , and brtag them at oaee to hiaa . To Effect tblsj ttowbar * were found to be htdi » pensaWe , Mr . SwflJt ,-the master of the . Jewrt Tower , who was sent . fofcwa * fenad to be to ponesaion of tbe key of the outer room only , the . oU « r key * . to those ; valuables betoft to th * poaaessioa of tke lord Chambejlain . Oft gaining , ** entranee , much further difficult presented itself to t *» removal of the strong iron naling with , wbajsb , tint ' ' " ' diamoad 8-. Au , were surrwiBded . AfteratoMofab&ut
tweaty orinotes it was effected , anniainortextiaordlnar * ¦ ceue prewnted ftself , the warder * earrjiBg crown * , sceptres , and other valuables of royalty between ' groups : of soldiers , police , firemen , and ots « r « frogi the Jewel Tower tp the Governor ' s residence , which , is situated •* ' the very fttrthc * extremity of ^ the green . ' Voee , how ever sastaiBed the slightest injury , and by dint of most prompt exertion the Jewel Tower itself was saved . ¦ At two o ' clock ; tbe fire ^ was . evidently at Its greatest attitude , and a rumour spread abroad / even amongst tbe Inhabitants of Tower-hill , that a large atagaaine * aa attached to the Armoury , and great fears were jBoir entertained that a general explosion would take place . At timer It appeared that such was really tbe ease ¦ „ for : V « i !! ta ^ J . & i : * M , ir ^ . M ml £ ' forth barntoc '
embers of Immense m ^ gnuudo , ai » in « ubsl « e , and again ' . iBpeat their ; drea 4 fni : t ^ undera about . a . quarte * t < i \ i % I ^ VtiiifaiftiinLVtM ; fa-- fa'm * & symptom * of abating ; I& fury / and begafi ^ to exwSt itself so far as to enable tbe tocmtB . to ^ atiun . » i » h _ tfcfr ; engines , to re-approach the ruins . Frtor , howeyei , to ttjis " taking place , a new cause of ialarm arose In the Mapoffice , which coHtalns some ~ very vatuabie map > , record * , * c , catching fire ; ' That , however , was * 0 on got under , and an the property placed ta safety . Attention was now again direct to the main bunding , and copious streams of water oein ^ poured into it in eirery direction , between' four and five o ' clock on Sunday tnornin $ all danger of the flames spreading further had ceased . Not loni ? before five o ' clock a portion of the upper pars
of the Round Tower fell 4 own with fearful violence on . to the reof of the barracks , opposite the King ' s Head , whtcn . lt drove to , but without ipjuringany one . Notwithitandlng , the further progress of ^ ^ tbe flames was not apprehended . During tbe entire' , of Sunday the centre of the building presented one body of firel It to a complete shell ; riothlisg whatever remains Jbui the ) walls and the splendid piece of architectural masonry afc the Bummlt of the building over the grand entrance , and they are In such a tottering condition that they are momentarily . expected to fall ,, and sentries are placed ia order to prevent persons going within a prescribed distance . The only relic of glory that meets the eye amidst this huge scene of desolation is' an immense anchor taken at Camperdown , whicfl stood oa tbe left of the
grand staircase . ; .. . By thekindness of Major Elriugton , who , in the absence of Colonel Gut wood , the Deputy-Lieutenant off the Tower , acts as Governor of the entire garrison , tbe reporter was favoured with the following information : •—The gallant Major states , that Colonel Gurwood having occasion to leave England for France during Saturday , he , afc six o ' clock that evening , assumed the post of Governpr of the Tower of London . . At half-past ten o ' clock he was at his official residence , which is facing St Peter ' s Church , when he was alarmed by hearing the beat ef the drums of the troops quartered inthe . garrison , which consisted of a' battalion of the Scots FusiUer Guards arid a company of Artillery . The foiling of the drums had scarcely subsided when be was Informed
that the Armoury was on fire . On going ont he found ihe troops were mustering , and observed that fire was isjuing juat through the roof of the tower at the back of the Armoury . He instantly gave orders to Colonel Auckland Eden , who was the Colonel to command of the troops , to employ the men as actively as possible to getting the fire under , which erder was carried out with the greatest promptitude ; but the fire bad got so great ahold that before a sufficient supply of water could be obtained the entire roof of the Armoury was in flames . The fire engines soon arrived , but , notwithstanding the exertfons of the soldiery , coupled with the assistance ' of 200 of the metropolitan police and fifty or sixty of tbe city police , tbe flames began rapidly to spread , and to the midst of them Captain
pelme Davies , of the Scots Fusilier Guards , rushed Hp the grand staircase , and , with the assistance of his servant , succeeded to securing the sword and belt of his late Roya ] , Highness the Duke of York , aad also the celebrated Maltese gun , wbieh was taken . from Malta bfiliB Frenck In 1738 . ahct BUbseflUgntlX-CarJtJiKMl by Captain Foot with the Sensible frigate . Finding that the flames , owing to the wind at that time . Were extending in ra " easterly direction , he ( Major ElringtoB ) becama alanned for the safety of the Jewel Tewer , and instantly gave ' directions for tbe warders , at any risk , to seoure them and place the jewels to safety . ' They , however , with great difficulty accomplished their talk , having to gain admittance to the Jewel chamber by means of crowbars and
other instruments , the"k eys thereof being in tBe possession of Earl Delaware the present Lord Chamberlafn . They were ultimately , however , deposited in safely 111 the Governor's house . By four o'clock on Sunday morning the entire of the Armoury was levelled te- " £ he ground , and there being no fear' of a further extension of the flames , be ( Major Elrtogtoo ; felt it his dHty to convey the melancholy Intelligence to his Grace the Dake of Wellington , the High Constable of the Tower , and at that hour be despatched , a . messenger with a > letter to bis Grace ' s residence a * A-psIey-house , and at the time of the Interview of tbe reporters with the Go * verner of the Tower bis Grace '* - answer Was received .
ft was expressive of deep regret that so serious- alow bad befallen the nation , and a desire to be informed if any farther calamity bad arises , and whether bis pre sence tras at all required . At the period hi * Grace '* - letter was received a report had just reached tbe- Governor that a man bad been killed by the falling to of some portion of tbe building . Major Elrington , being desirous to obtain all the accurate information to bis power , to order to furnish It to- his Grace , states that he made application to Mr . Braidwood , tbe superintendent of tbe London Fire Brigade , and obtained from him the following statement , which he with great courtesy handed to the . reporters : —
" Iiondon Fire Establishment Station , 68 , Watltog-etreefc , Sunday Morning , Oct . 81 . " Sin—According to your seqaest , 1 beg to > atat « that the alarm of the ' fire is the Tower was given ai three-quarters past ten o ' clock , p . m ., of tte 30 th tost . On arriving there I found the circular building behind the grand staircase , leading to the small gun armoury , completely on fire , andtbn flames were extending along the main-building on both sides . The beight wbleh the flames had gained , and the construction of the building , with the scanty supply of water , prevented any hope of saving tbe building itself . Every exertion was , therefore , made to save those adjoini&g , which were bappllf preserved , ' . "The Map Office was at one time to very great danger , which was averted by tbe exertions of the firemen , vrith the very efficient assistance of the troep * .
" The-White Tower was also at one time-In bxtreme danger , and the arrangements of the orSsers and exertioas- . of the soldiers alcae prevented its destination . " - '; ' . . ¦ .,.- " .. ¦ ' . . " ¦¦ ' . •' ¦ ' , ¦ " Tbft fire appears to have- oommanced ia . tbe -workshops behind the large Armwry , but I have not beeft able to aflcertaia the cause . ' ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦•• Tbe- engines present afc > tho fire were : —Nine belonging t « tbe Tower of various siscs : aizht Iarg « engines- belonging to the Sondon Fire EstablishmentV two powerful floating engtoea , also of the Fire fistahlishmeat : oae belonging to the West of England Iosuraaee Compaay ; one fsom tbe Connty * Office ; on from , the Cuatom House , wd four parish aagtoea . '
« in conclusion , I beg to say ,, that tbe danger of the fire farther extending now no longer ealats , but , notwithstanding , several ofVthe Fire EstabiiaameBt engine wilbMmatoontbespot .. ¦ - " I have tb * honour to be •« Tour obediea * servant , ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ - -:- . ' JaubStBbaidwood , " Superintendent * i the London Wttm - * ' * - fis ^ x £ tta&ment tt T © Major EWngtan , Offloarto CBaamaad to thavTower . " ; Msjor Elringtoa also states thai the workshop * fat question were closed about the same time as the gate * of the Armoury , aVre o ' clock , ant from toqairie * fee bad caused to be nude of the nerota * who were th * last to > leave , tfie bolsdrn g * appear ** pexttctiy sjafe . Wltfc respect to the wJgto of thflnr % bethoaghtUwa ** % B * e tennIhvjitoiairtMltove * . ' - - \ :- - y- ^
^ About twttw » b * aodt on Sanday an aoeldeatof afatal matureooeumd teooo of Ike Fire Brigade , aasaam « . , Wrv « L Tb * uafortunate awa wa * eogaged to tbrowiatc « s » sr ttoAab * brwh of hiiengteeon to ttebwHiHsp a » tU * asfc « trsntty , wa » tb * jstw ^ room , wb * si a laam pteee of esptog from ttetop ef th « VnHdW fe «« sila | , mZwStm oil the spot . Several * tfi * ri s * Hsil * bawoeiBBiva tiuwogV * stoolat ttwaaof situy atrloa * cbaneter . . ^ - : : ¦ , ¦¦ .: ¦¦ . - TtMMgliMt the wnoledisj tae visintty of tbe Ti ^ . preaentod a mostaavimaled stoe . Thousand * orowwH the gates of the fortress , a&xloua k > gato admission , bgfcv the same-- « % E £ otders betog adopted they w * r * nok ncceseful , untos * they bad aa order from tbe Ckrfame *; rorsomehlgtrauthority . ' . - n ; : ¦
In the course of tbe afternoon tbe aoene of devaataw tioa was visited by Beveral Member * of Her MaJes ^ Government , the Lord Cbamberlain , Lord HOI , Cost mander-to Chief , toe Lord Major , tr E / WJ Hardtof , Col Wyse , *« . k
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- . ¦ ¦ . o , ¦—: TO ERIN , fafcflt ( viJBk a few aUeraBouJ fnm o * old 2 r « *"" " * - . ^ # W / y * gt ^*« i " Vt eoustry ! too Isngllke tbe mist on tty mountains , ^ dond of affliction h « tt s » ddea'd thy brow , »^ kaar hatfa tb * btood-rato empmrpled thy foutalns , j ^^ S besB deaf to thy erie * -unta now . «*>« wert doom'd for . a season to darkness to languish , ^ eTssabeam e'er ; Bghtoaed tte gkom of thy
ja j&TbirtbpIat * of Emmett , aU seemed to be nvght . ? ? ' " - ' * * * m * t if T » st- « nd te aye let it * memory perish ; STGitersSes , wnaeperfidy e * d » , ¦ . SL Erin J forbear thy dark bodings to ehaisb , ^ J ^ aBj a are fattea , brigbi treedom a * oends . 1 * 1 the P » t * e forgotten , soon shaft thou fair Eris , | ^ j ^ b ^ speaiwbieb thy * p&it eB * la » ^ - n ^ aTalt Bke the leaWrd , awMle disappearing ? Ens ye with thy plumage men bright from tbe wave . Obcs aon "mong tbe verdure and dew of thy
mounfbaabamroek shaD ope to wet eye to the sun , Wt& fondlythemuseshall recline by thy fountains , lad warble feer stratos to the rill * a * they run . * an tfenty shall smfle on flry beautifBl vatieys , Aad peace shall return—the long wanaerteg dove ; A » a freedom no longer a byeword of matte * , StaR spread out her wings o'er * a Eden ct love . Banjo * , to tiiee , Erin ! thy better day breaketh , fi » s lorn polar night of ajy . ww * speeds away ; AadaaTo ^ o thy cMH breast the warm sualigkt gMfi WMcm r f liberty sHns to fee ray . T etreaembsT—tt » bloom win be barren and fleeting , If tbMe act not with energy , constant and true ; Tbearise i aud proclaim like tie wild surges' beating , « TbemOliosa no longer shall . bleed for the few . " Bnt ^ rtmbL ¦ . F .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 6, 1841, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct573/page/3/
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