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TO THE MIDDLING CLASSES 50. IV.
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C!)artt0t ZtttteTlizente.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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GKsrtKHEK , —Since I wrote my last letter , I lears ivjt a deputation of Manchester Shopkeepers has teea appointed to wait upon Sir Robert Peel , with faa hope , no doubt , of inducing him to do something to alleviate your present distress . They will be yoefulty disappointed , and for this simple reason : g i 3 wholly out of the power of any Minister now to fa more than to feed one portion of society for a short space upon another portion . Such has been the invariable practice of the Reformers for the last ten
yens . The Whigs governed the nation ; and the jjish section constituted their Parliamentary force . de Irish complained of the pressure of tithes ; and , instead of benefiting the unrepresented people , the W&g Government fed the landlords upon twenty-£ to per cent , of church property ; and in turn they TKrald have regaled the borough interest , which is { he manufacturing interest , with a slice of the landed 5 poiL had not the latter taken timely alarm , and disbanded the Whig Ministry .
Jso-w , Gentlemen , your torn has come ; and the lan ded interest , being in the ascendant , . says to the manufacturing and shop-keeping classes , "Asyou profess an identity « f interest , you shaH liTe upon one another . " The tariff will increase trade , and cheapen food , and the shopkeepers and manufac turers must pay the Government £ 2 18 ? . 4 d . per cent , for the reduction : " so say 3 the Prime Minister . Gentlemen , —If prejudice has not wholly blinded you , I pray your attention to the strict analogy between your position as regards the tariff and the income tax , and the operatives' position as regards
& repeal of the Corn Laws , and redaction of wages You contend that the reduction in the price of consumable articles consequent upon the tariS will not be a fair set off against the income tax of £ 2 18 s . 4 d . per . cent , while at the same time you stoutly contend th&t a repeal of the corn laws would enable the operative class to Eubmit to a reduction of their wages . You have been taught so to jumble and confound all political questions , that it becomes a work of no easy character to keep your minds to any one point . However , I shall shew you how yon have been juggled npon the
question of the income tax ; and I shall further Ehow you that your difficulty to meet it arise 3 from that poverty whieh has been created by machinery , and from that alone . Take the tariff and the income tax , withoui reference to labour—and never was so great a boon offered to all classes of society as that measure would confer . I will bring your minds to bear upon the measure in the mosi Eimple form , and pill take a 3 an illustration of my argument , the lowest amount of property selected for direct taxation—one with an income of £ 150 perannnm . Such a person would be liable to a tax of something
less than £ 4 10 s . yearly . Now , I will not go into iae several articles whose prices will be affected by the tariff , and which you may , or may not , use as you please . ' Timber , bread , coffee , wearing apparel , as well as many luxuries , I shall pass over , and come at once to the point . Now , suppose a man , having an income rateable at £ ' 150 per annum , to consume in his family three pounds of meat per day ; and suppose the tariff to reduce the price by one penny per pound , ( which it will , and by more than double that sum , ) the reduction , in such case ,
npon his family joint would amount to £ 4 Us . 3 d . per annum . In proportion a 3 the income tax payer is elevated in the social scale , in the same ntio does his advantage increase ; because luxuries io him are almost indispensibles , and the reduction rpon them comes into his credit account against the £ -2 18 s . 4 d . per ceut . For instance ; a man with an iacome of £ 2 , 000 per annum , will pay abont £ 55 tax ; and he will live , as he does now , for £ 300 per annum less than he now can . But , gentlemen , in the same ratio as produce is cheapened , does the BCSBEX OF TAX . AH 0 S BECOXE AS ADDITIONAL
p&EsFra . B rpos labditb ; that 13 if political economists and all others are right , who assert thit labour is the source of all wealth . " Now . gentlemen , for the very same reason that a repeal of the corn laws would not better the condition of the working classes , will the tariff not benefit yours . " Cheap and dear are relative terms ; and yon will find it much more difficult to live npon redneed ' fare , while machinery 13 destroying your customers , than you would to fare sumptuously upon olden prices , if your customers were in full employment . There is one question which you have
not been taught to ask yourselves in your several examinations into the causes of yonr distress , and ihe means for your relief . You have not been taught to consider from whence "free trade" is to come to your shops ; nor now an " extension of commerce " or reduction of the price of provision is to benefit you who have nothing to do with peodxtctios , but who have every thing to do with consumption , Now , whether do you think it would be better for yon that c&lico was Is . per yard , or 5 d . ! If it was a shilling , all those who are employed in its manufacture would spend their share of the difference
with you ; while the difference between that amount and 5 d , is a kind of bonus held ont to cheap-buying foreigners to accept a present of so mueh English labour ; » H of which is a direct loss to you , and a direct increase of the amount of taxation , which you will now hare to bear at a fixed money rate . Behold , how differently monied men are dealt with by the Government , to the labouring classes . Let us , for argument' s sake , suppose that one half the holders of Government ' stock will come under the rate-paying standard of £ 2 I 83 . 4 d . per cent , the tax , in such ease , would amount to somewhere
about £ 400 , 000 per annnm . Now the advantage of ice tariff , to many , will amount to fifteen per cent ., and more ; while all ( even the nntaxed holders ) will derive a benefit of at least ten per cent . Thus , will the graduated advantage derived from the tariff by the fundholdera vary from 7 to 15 per cent . large holders mil have an advantage of at least 15 per cent , when all come 3 into operation ; those of middling incomes who pay the tax , ssyfor £ 150 to £ 300 per annum , will haTe an ad-Tantage of 7 per cent , after payment of tax- ^ -or 7 per cesfc . profit on the tariff ; and those with increased
incomes will have an advantage of 10 per cent That is , a man with an income of £ 149 per annEm , will be able to live as he does now ' and to have 15 or 10 per cent , more at the end of the year , in conseq ^ eate of reductions made by the tariff . You must observe that I do not select the funded property as a eorrect standard of amount of tax to be paid ; for lacking the critical knowledge & 3 to the number of holders and amounts severally held and rateable , I cannot give you a correct analysis . But this I can do for you , I can from tha altered position of the landholders , make a general
sam of iar-receiver 3 with fixed incomes , and show you that by the diminution to them you may measure the increased burden 3 of the country . Is LABOUR they must be paid , and labour they will hare > not in kind , BUT IN COIN OF A FIXED V ALUE ! coin stamped with it 3 present value , and not with the value which it bore when the labour of the ' nnborn was pawned to them . For instance , last year there were sold something over £ 50 , 000 , 000 sterling of English labour to foreigners ; whereas , the same amount of pro-< fce , if sold in 1798 , weuld have brought nearly £ M , lWfi 0 Q sterling !! 1 This is a loss within the
year to labour of £ 150 , 000 , 000 ! while the fundholders fixed property , paid ly the labourer , lias feen increased by fifty per cent , besides the increase * value consequent upon a decrease in the value of kbour 1 So that , in fact , this table of sale presents Ds with the startling reality that labour which wonght twenty shillings in 1798 , in 1841 only bronght five shillings !! So much for the happy difference keftreen a gigantic foreign trade and a certain home B&tei I So much English labour was worth toenty shillings in 1798 in our own market , and tne sMne amonnt io 1842 is worth five shillings in * is foreign mart ! What a beautiful thing this nigheoanding term , * extension of trade" is !
Now , Gentlemen , I show you what extension of trade" is ; and h « w it makes it difficult for you to pay & I 83 . H . per cent . upon capital made at home , when foreign speculators have driven your customers to beggary . The Tories will wring yonr last faithing from you ; and then . you will understand that cheap and dear are relative terms , and that a "big loaf" for a penny will be dear to a man without a farthing to ^ J it with 1 The labourer cannot buy bread , be-
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cause machinery does his work ; yon , cannot pay taxes because the labourer cannot buy your goods ; and all the powers on earth under the present system cannot make you one whit better ; because , should the free-trade" party , now struggling for pre-eminence , ever succeed , ( which may God in his mercy forbid , ) in three years from this date , THREE MILLIONS would be an over-population , in a cfiuntry capable of supporting 50 , 000 , 000 of a population and morel Yet , you join in the cry of emigration , while every poor man who leaves his country is a portion of your profit going off .
Get what is . called " free-trade" this month , and admit that the demand for British produce in the world will be . thereby quadrupled ; in less than Bix months there will be new and improved machinery in existence to supply the demand , without the employment of as many hands as even the number at present engaged ! For always bear in mind that " extension of trade" means inducement to people who do not really want to bay yoar produce , and which can only be effected by substituting cheap for dear , artificial for manual labour . In fact , England may now be advertised thus , — " STOCK
SELLING OFF AT RUINOUS REDUCTIONS . " Gentlemen , in my next letter I shall show you how the resources of this country may , by their proper development , be extended to an amount which would even yet render her " the envy and admiration of tha world , " aad the terror of tyrants . Gentlemen , I have the honour to remain , Your obedient humble Servant , Feargcs O'Connor .
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We went in procession to the Market Place , where such a concourse of pining shopkeepers and declining working men assembled as was never before seen upon any occasion whatever in that ancient city . In fact , all appeared to be perfectly astounded . That excellent Chartist , Mr . W . Burley , Secretary for the Riding , was called to the chair ; and after an able opening of the business , he invited any of our opponents to discussion , and threw down the gauntlet , challenging all parties to produce one single charge of immorality or bad character affecting any of the Chartist body in York . Mr . W .
Cordeux , as perfect a gentleman as breathes , a member of the York Association , moved the remonstrance , which being seconded , I was called upon to support it , and which I did at considerable length . It was carried unanimously amid thunders of applause , the shopkeepers holding up both hands for it . This meeting completely paralysed both factions in York , and has given a great stimulus to our cause in the parson-ridden city ; and in fact there breathes not upon earth a finer or " more pure band of patriots than those associated under the Chartist principles in York .
HEBDEN BRIDGE . On Saturday I left York for Hebden Bridge , and at Luddenden-bar I met a procession , whicb , before we reached the Tillage , numbered more than 20 , 000 persons ; and curious to Bay our meeting was held in the field of one of the special jurors who found me guilty at York ! The platform was at the foot of one of those beautiful hills for which that beautiful vale is so justly celebrated ; and the hill side was one living mass of living Chartist , giving their support by their presence , and their approval by their cheers to the business of the day . I spoke at great length , and took a show of hands for the Charter , name and all , and every finger was held up .
We proceeded from this lovely spot on our way to Todmorden , at six o ' clock , and overtook the procession within two miles of the town . The numbers were great ; but we had not gone far , when the rain began to fall in torrents , drenching every soul to the skin . I was to have addressed the people in the open air ; but a large building was procured for the occasion , capable of holding over 6 , 000 persons . We were compelled to abandon the open
air meeting ; and , so heavy was the ram , and the building being a mile distant from the town , the room wa 3 not nearly full ; whereas , liad the evening been fine , it would not have held one third of those who would have cheerfully been present . To praise the position of the Todmorden Chartists would be superfluous , as they are known to have done as much for the cause as any Association in our movement .
Thus concluded my last waek'stour . I cow beg leave to announce as follows for next week : —On Tuesday , the 19 th , at half-past seven , I shall be at Huddersfield ; on Thursday , at eight , at Bradford ; on Friday , at eight , at Holbeck ; on Saturday , at seven ) at Todmorden again , in consequence ' of being obliged to leave so early on Saturday last . And now , one word for all . I will not , on any account , be induced to address an opon air meeting . I suffered , most severely , during the last fortnight from this cause .
While at Leeds , I shall arrange for three nights in that place , when I shall deliver three lectures upon the following subjects : — No . 1 . Capabilities of Great Britain and Ireland . No . 2 . Machinery and the Corn Laws . No . 3 . The means of extricating all parties from their present distress , and of turning machinery to a national , instead of a clasj , advantage . I will discuss these three subjects with any one , or any number of persons ; and I thus give all a fair opportunity of preparing themselves upon the questions . I shall hare much pleasure in dining with the Sutton-in-Ashfield men , according to invitation .
I am , my Friends , Your faithful Friend , Feargu » O'Con . nos Wednesday , July 13 th , 1841 .
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IYIONKWEARMOUTH . —On Tuesday evening , the usual weekly meeting was held here , Mr . Dubbie in the chair . The attendance was amalL Mr . Williams and Mr . Chappie addressed the meeting . UVSBPOOXi . —A general meeting of the Chartists of thia town was held on Sunday evening last , in the Association Room , when the cases of Mrs . Holberry , John Mason , and — Brooks , were severally taken into consideration , with a view to the raising of a fund for each . Mr . M'Cartney made a powerful and affecting
appeal to the meeting on behalf of the widow of the victimised Holberry , and called upon them to renew their exertions , and redouble their efforts , to destroy the oppressive system which had brought to an early and premature grave one who was bold , honest , and patriotic enough to stand foremost in the defence of the rights and liberties of the toiling and oppressed millions . A resolution was passed to the effect , that a subscription be forthwith Bet on foot for Mrs . Holberry and to continue open until the 2 iih instant , after which date a subscription is to be entered into for Mr . Mason and Mr . Brook .
On Wednesday evening last , a public meeting wm held in the Association Room , 'when the building was crammed to suffocation , for the purpose of memorialising her Msjesty , and remonstrating with the House of Commons on the recent rejection of the National Pstition . WHITWORTH .-On Sunday last , according to appointment , an open air meeting was held at Lobden , near Whitworth . There were upwards of one thousand people present , who were addressed by Messrs , Booth , Stott , Ashley , Leach , of Rochdale , and Lane , of Manchester , who were listened to with great attention . The men of WTritworth , taking advantage , and availing themselves of the services of the speakers , procured a room , and called a meeting for six o ' clock in the evening , when an association was formed , and nineteen members enrolled .
HtJDDBRSFIELD . —At a meeting in the Association Room , Upperhead-row , on Tuesday night , it was resolved that as many of the Chartists aa can possibly attend , shall meet on Tuesday , the 19 ib instant , at Bix o ' clock in the evening , in the above room , to form a procession to meet F . O'Connor , Esq ., and escort nim into the town , Sheffield . —Mrs . Holberry . —Ina letterreceived by Mr . Harney from T . S . Doncouibe , Esq , M . P ., that gentleman requests tbaVhia name for five pounds may be placed on the subscription list for the widow of the murdered patriot , Samuel Holberry .
State of the Town . — Progress op-Chartism . — Tha amount paid to the regular ticket poor in money , bread , Ac , for the week ending July 2 nd , was j £ y 3 18 i The amount paid to the casual poor in money , bread , ic , for the same week , was £ i 2 i 12 s . ; being a total of £ 518 10 s . for that week only ! Distress is steadily progressing ; day by day new caseB of misery and wretchedness are . brought under our notice , but want of space will not at present permit us to particularise . We are keeping up the steam of agitation . On
Snnday last , Mt . Harney addressed two meetings , the first in the afternoon at Intake , to which place a goodly number of the Sheffield Chartists accompanied Mr Hamey . The proceedings were enlivened by the singing of some excellent Chartiat hymns . The Becond meeting was held in the evening , in Docto r * Fields , and was numeronaly attended . Mr . Harney addressed the assembly for upwards of an hour and a half , and was followed by Mr . Evison , who delivered a brief address . All passed off highly satisfactorily .
On Monday evening , a public meeting was beld in Paradise-square , to adopt a memorial in behalf of Brookes , Peddle , and Foden . Mr . William Wragg was called to the chair . Mr . Harney addressed the meeting at great length , and concluded by proposing the adoption of toe memorial . Mr . Edwin Gill seconded the memorial , which was unanimously adopted . Mr . Evison thea shortly addressed the meeting . An adjourn * meat to Fig-tre » -l&ne then took place , -where Mr . Samuel Parkes delivered an energetic address , which closed the evening ' s proceedings . We have enrolled upwards of -fifty new members since last week ' s report was written .
Holbeck . —The Rev . W . V . Jackson lectured in the Chartist Reom on Monday evening J * st , to a very attentive audience . Several new members wer enrolled .
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BOSTON . —Mr . Duffy has visited this place , and delivered three excellen t and impressive lectures on the principles of the People ' s Charter . As . ' Boon as the few but zealous Chartista of Boston kne * that Mr , Duffy would Tisit them , they at once set about making arrangement * so as to make the beat of the speaker , aa the principles of the people * Charter are bat little known in this agricultural district , and they concluded that he should apeak In the Market ploce , on Wednesday evening , that being niwkefc aay . A large bill was exhibited to that effect . Long before the notir appointed numbers might be seen in ^ aps In ; dlflferent parts of tha niatket place , toxlonsly waiting fed hear what the Chartists had to » y . Unfortunately Mr . D . could not speak out of deon , and if he had attempted he -would
have been ordered down , if not / as the patristic Mason was , pulled down withont warning , the authorities of the place being dreadfully alaimed ; the Tory-mayoi and several magistrates were to be seen in the Marketplace , in close conversation with the Superintendent of Police . By the hour appointed for the meeting vast ; numbers were assembled in the Market-place , and expressed much disappointment , as the general impression was that the mayor had prevented the lecturer from addressing them . ITp to thiB time Mr .- D . had remained in-doors , when one of the Chartists suggested that Mr . D . and his friends should walk through the Market-place , when one of toe most ludicrous Bcenes ever witnessed took place ; As soon as the crowd discovered that the lecturer was in the Market-place , a large concourse of persons surrounded him , all anxious to get a glimpse of this wonderful thing , a Chartist , as if be had been some monster . More curiosity could
not have been evinced . Mr . D . went round the Marketplace followed by vast numbers , the police also following , and stated to Mr . D . that he was responsible for all thia . The Chartists took advantage of the crowd by informing them that Mr . D . would lecture the next evening in a largo room that bad been procured for the purpose . The Blue Bottles were all on the qui y ive , and tried to make some disturbance but the Chartists 8 aid"it ' Bno go , my lads . " knewing well that would not be the way to get Chartism established in the town . On Friday and Saturday eyenings Mr . Doff ; delivered three eloquent lectures in a large room to srowrfed audiences , and the lectures have done us much good , and have removed a mass of prejudice which existed against us ; several joined the association , and many more Me ready . We have now got the Chartist banner unfurled In this place , and if we could have another lecture many would rally round its standard .
NORWICH . —The Council of the Chartist Association of this city lately sent Mr John Hurrell a short tour for the purpose of arousing the people of Norfolk to a sense of their wrongs . The first place he attended was Lynn , in which place he was treated in the most handsome manner . He went from Lynn to a remote village a short way off ; where the Ranters were holding a camp meeting , but the owner of the field and waggon allowed Mr . Hurrell to speak from it ; the consequence was , the people ' s minds were directed to their wrongs —he pointed out to them . the way to emancipate themselves mentally and physically . The Ranters on seeing this prevailed on the parties to allow them to late away the waggon and forms from the field . They commenced stripping the field , and gave Mr .- HurreH n comfortable ride , though he was holding forth all the time . Mr . H . lectured in Lynn and then went to Bury , at which © lace he was at first treated rather cautiously ,
but he desires to return his sincere thanks to the men of Bury for the handsome manner in which they treated him . He had to announce the' meeting by going- round the town with the following hand-bill placed in front and behind hia bat , — "An address will be delivered upon the state of the country and its remedy , in the Market Place this evening , at seven o ' clock , ' * The result Was he addressed two meetings . On tho first evening there was a good meeting with a tolerable sprinkling of the middk class . There was no announcement of the second meeting , but Mr . H . commenced by reading the letter of O'Connor to' the middle classes , and by the time he had finished there was a good collection : persons on the spot . He then gave them a long lecture which gave great satisfaction ^ After leaving BuTy ho walked ffteen miles , then rode to Norwich , and got in time enough to address the people of Norwich in the marketplace .
DEPTFORD AND GREENWICH . —We had an open-air . meeting in the ¦ Broadway , Deptford , on Wednesday , the 6 th instant . There would have been '; -a great body of people bat the ' blue devils" interfered , and we were obliged te adjourn to our friend , Mr . Morgan ' s , grocer , Church-atreet , Deptford . There we bad a good lecture ; and a good muster of people ...,-, On Sunday we had Messrs . Mantz , Spt ncer , and others , for the first time , to preach a Chartist sermon . They were not disturbed by the blues . The audience
mustered very strong . After the sermon , we adjourned to the Prince of Wales Coffee-honse . Greenwich-jsthere Mr . Spencer explained the Bix Points of the Charter , and gave great satisfaction to the body there assembled We passed a resolution on Sunday , that the secretary be instructed to write to Mr . O'Connor , to ascertain when orywhether he Will oblige the Chartists of Deptford an < rGreenwlcb by attending a public meeting on Blackheatn , to remonstrate the House of Commons , and memorialise the Queen for the attainment of the Charter . ' ¦ ¦ ' ' ' ' ¦ ¦ ; ' ¦ ' ¦ . "
OLDHAM . —Ou Sunday last , Mr . Brophy lectured in this place to a crowded audience , and gave general satisfaction . WEEKty Meeting . — At the weekly meeting of the members , the following resolution was unanimously agreed to : —•• That a public meeting be held in the Chartist Room , 0 reaves-street , on Monday , July 18 th , for the purpose of passing a memoral to the Queen , and a remonstrance to the House of Commons . That this resolution be sent to the Northern Star for insertion . ' * EYE , NouTiiAMFioNSi inRE . —A public open air meeting was held in this remote village on Sunday last , wheii an excellent spirit prevailed , which was exemplified at the conclusion by a collection of 8 s . in aid of the Lecturing Fund , which has been transmitted to , and received by Mr . J . M . Parian , Nor thampton , County Secretary , who has also received 4 s . of a previous collection , making a total of 12 s .
SAIiFOBD . —Chartism weara a better aspect now than for a long time past . We have , during the last few weeks , almost doubled our paying members . A spirit of unity prevails in our ranks , •' .. c-nd all bids fair for progressing at railway speed . We have divided the town into districts , and have appointed a collector to each district , and we find this plan to work well both for collecting subscriptidns and getting new members , as the collectors , when they go their round have an opportunity of enrolling many persons , which under any other system we ceuld not have done . On Sunday afternoon / the youths held a camp meeting on Sbaws Brow , at two o ' clock . It is intended to hold these meetings every Sunday afternoon during the season , at the same time and place , should the weather be / aronrable , if not , they will adjourn to the CharfcistRoom , Great George-street , Salford .
Mr . John Leach , © f Hyde , lectured here on Sunday evening , to a respectable audience . At ; 'the conclusion of his lecture several persons enrolled themselves members of the association . On Sunday evening last , Mr . Mvtcheson , a shopkeetper , who has joined our association , gave sixpence to commence a fund for : the * upport of Mason and others , as recommended in last week ' s Star , hnd promised to pay sixpence per month for the same purpose so lang as It is required . \ : ' ; ¦ V 7 OX . VBRHAMPTON . —Mr . H . Candy preached poor Hoi berry ' s funeral serinpn in the Old Gardens , Stafford-street , on Sunday last , to a very ; large congregation . His discourse produced a marked impression on his audience . Six shillings and eightpence was collected for the widow . Walsall—On Sunday last , Mr . Fraser Pearson was appointed lecturer for this district f * r one fortnight by the delegates assembled'here .
T 1 PT 0 N . —Mr . Fraser Pearson delivered a stirring lecture here on Wednesday to mauy hundred persons . Several new memberB were enrolled . ; Nethekton , by Dudley . — The seeds of ChaitiBm were sown here on Sunday morning , by Mr . Eraser Pearson , who delivered a most impressive sermon . He made an impression that promises a very prolific harvest He delivered a lecture on Monday evening , and notwithstanding the rain fell : fast , / vast crowds attended ; An Association Is to be establiBhed for the winter ; - " .: '¦ ¦ ' .. ' ' . - •' . - ¦ . ¦• - . ¦ . ¦ " ¦ ¦ ¦' .. ¦¦ . , ' . ¦ . •¦
Princes End . — There has been an association formed here after a great deal of trouble . Mr . Candy volunteered to come on the first night , to break up the ground , tut instead of breaking it up as he thought , he only strengthened the people in their prejudice ^ by showing them the abuses of religion Instead of showing them their just and alienable : rights . Butit U without any disrespect to Mr . Candy that this is inserted . Mr . Linney came on the Monday night following , and de-Urered a lecture on the Six Points of tke Charter , and has continued coming ever since , wi % toe exception ^
two nights . This deficiency was filled up hj Mr . Soar , of Birmingham , and Mr . Ftoggat of BUeton , who both gave very able lectures on tho ^ eatitution of the many , while the few are wallowing in riches . ^ Mr . Linney lectured on Monday night , July the Hth , on the Com Laws , showing if they were repealed under the existing circumstances it would be of n » permanent benefit to Uiia country , but instead of * Wesaing as they call it , it weuld bo a curse ; but now the seed of Chartiamla sown here it promiaes good harvest , for we now number upwards of ond hundred members in the association . —Correspondent .
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IiONDON— The . WatkinB Testimonial Committee met as usual , on Sunday morning last , Mr . Goulding in the chair . One thousand copies of the address were ordered to be printed for distribution . Severai presents Were hand ^ in to the Committee for the rafiae , when the Committee jwijourned to Sunday morning next , at ten o ' clock , when it is hoped all members will then be present . ' , ..: "¦ ' ' : ;;¦' . ' ; . ' ¦ ' ' ¦ ¦¦¦ ' . " ' ; , In the EvENiNGj Mr . John Watfeins delivered an highly instructive lecture on the System , throughbut the whole of which he was loudly BDPlauded . . > . .
Lamiieih . —A meeting of youths wa 3 held on Sundayl the 10 th instant , at the Charter Hall , 1 , China Walk , Lambeth , for the purpose of forming a Youths ' Charter Association . A good muster was in attendance considering it ^ ras bu | i a preliminary meeting . Those present wero inatrated how to condnct their business . A class was then formed , and the meeting adjourned te Sunday next , at three o ' clock . It is requested that the parents of youths connected with the association exert their infiuence in the working out of the above object . Mb . Kufft Ridley lectured at CfliBa-walk , on Sunday evening ; to a respectable and attentive audience , after which a collection was made towards building the new HalL . . ¦ : ' / . ¦; . ; ¦ ¦ ¦ ' . ¦ .. - ¦ " ¦ '¦ ¦ Mr . Ritffy Ridley deliverad a lecture on Sunday last , at 1 . China-walk , and also another at the same place on Tuesday . The suai of ten shillings was voted to the Executive , aud five shillings to the -widow Holberry ,
Ai a JIEEXIKG of the Bermondssy locality , at the Horns Tavern , an Monday , it was resolved that fifteen shillings be forwarded to the Executive , and ten shillings to Mr . Miller , as a moiety of money lent the locality for the late demonstration . Hasimeksmith . —The members met as usual ^ at the Black Bull , on Monday evening . After the transaction of the usual business , the sum of 2 s . 6 d . was voted to Mrs . Holberry , and 2 s . 66 . to Mr . Hinde , of Shoreham . The delegate to the London Council was instructed to report the same , and request all the metropolitan localities to adopt a similar course . Mb Balls lectured on Sunday evening last to a good audi « ncer at the Albion Coffee House , Charchstreet ; Shoreditch ;
Rising Sun , Oxford-Street , Stepney . —Mr . Sputbie lectured here on Sunday ovening to tae satisfaction of the audience . Mr . Wilson also addressed the meeting . After transacting other businens , the meeting adjourned . Teetotallers , Waterloo-Road . — -The members of this locality met as usual at the Britannia Coffee-House , . on Monday evening ; Mr . Andrewa reported from the united meeting of the Counciia , and much pleasure was expressed at the approaching union of the bodies . The meeting decided upon having lectures given regularly on Monday evenings , and Mr . Andrews was authorised to apply to Mr . Wheeler to furnish them with lecturers . After the settlement of other business the meeting adjourned .
Chelsea . —The members of this nourishing locality met as usual at the Stag Inn , Fulham Road , Mr . Moore in the chair . A General Council was elected . The auditors appointed reported the correctness of the accounts , and gave a flattering statement of the progress made during the quarter . Messrs Dowling , Wheeler , Corbett , and others of thai Committee , reported regarding tha ball to take place on the 25 th of July . Considerable other business connected .-with the locality was transacted , . when Mr . Rufify Ridley lectured to a numerous audience on tho system of G-OTernment prevailing in Great Britain , laying bare its vices and deformities , shewing the many ineffectual remedies which had been applied , and the utter iautility of the
repeal of the Com Laws , unless accompanied by other aud greater legislative changes . He dilated on the deceit and mock humanity of many of the League , and concluded a much-applauded address by calling upon them , in the name of all they fceld dear and sacred , to stand firm by their Charter , and nev « r to desert those who had through every danger and * dffficulty remained true to their cause . Mr . Ridley sat down amid great applause . It was unanimously resolved that the sum of sixpence per Week should bo contributed from the funds to the support of the wives of Mason and the the other victims to tyranny iu Staftordshire ; and the example is held out to all the London lucidities as worthy to be followed .
, Shoemakers . —Clock House , Castlbstreet , LEiCESTfiK-sftUARE . —Mr . Ford in the chair . The delegate repotted from the united meeting , which gave satisfactien to the audience . Mr . Farrer ^ deUveied an able and instructivjd ^ Tewilr ^ : at ils ' c ' oTflffSSlo ' n the sum of sixpence per week was unanimbusly voted . to Mrs . Mason and the other Staffordshire victims ^ until the period of their incarceration should have expired . City of London . —The members resident in this locality held their usual weekly meeting on Tuesday , at 55 , Old Bailey , whan , after the transaction of local business , Mr . Wisedall moved , and Mr . Gardener seconded , ' « That the following localities receive a vote
of thanks for their assistance in aiding us to defray theexperices of the Crown and Anchor meeting , " which was carried unanimously . These localities were--SL Marylebone , 8 s . 4 d . ; China Walk , Lambeth , 5 a . ; Stratford and East Eijssx , 3 s . 6 d . ; Clock Heuse , Castle-streeti Leicester'Squaro , lOd . Mr . Gardener then proposed the following resolution : — "That we , the members of the City of London localifcy , do form ourselves into classes for mutual instruction , " which being seconded by Mr . Overton , was carried unanimously . It was then announced that a general meeting of the members would be held on Tuesday evening next , for the consideration of important business , aud the meeting adjourned to that time .
Mu . Farreb lectured on Tuesday evening last , at the School Room , King-street , Compton-street , Clerkeswell , to a good audience , and was much applauded . Birminghasi .-t-People " s HALt . —A crowded meeting was held at the Public Office , on Wednesday evening , July 6 th , foi the purpose of devising the best means of erecting this building , Mr . Councillor . Page was called to the chair . Mr . Jeukinson , the Secretary , read the placard calling the meeting ; after which various resolutions connected with the object for which the meeting was called were carried unanimously .
Frost , Wixliams , and Jones . " Restoration Committee—This body held their weekly meeting at the Chartist Room , Aston-strett , on Tuesday evening last , Mr . Lynell hi the cbair . The letter which deecribed the villanous treatment of the above-mentioned victims was read to the meeting from the Northern Star , after which a sub-Committee was appointed to draw up an address to the country on the subject . A letter was ordered to be sent to Mr . O'Connor respecting the memorials to be presented to the Queen , likewise a communication to G . F . Muntz , E ^ . q ., on the subject of a petition from Birmingham , which the Committee wish to be presented tD Parliament 00 behalf of these victims of Whiggery .
Delegate Meeting on beiialf 01 ? . Mr . Mason and the other prisoners in stafford gaol . —A numerous meeting of delegates from , the surrounding towns was held at the Chartiat-room , Blue-lane , Walsall , on Sunday last The fellowihg persons were present : —Birminjrtiam , Ashton-street and Steelhouselane , Mr . C Ashton and Mr . Charles Thorpe ; Mr . A . Fussell was sent from another locality ; Stafford , Mr . < J . Harrison ; Tipton , Mr . F . Bathurat ; Wedneabnry , Messrs . John Danks . B . Danks , T . Danka , and William
Fairburn ; Wakall , Messrs . C , Goodwin and John Griffiths ; Dadiey . MesBrs . Cook , Pearson , and Rankin ; Bilflton , Messrs . t > avis , Linney , and Rodgers ; Great Bridge , Mr . Henry Booth . Mr . John Griffiths was appointed . chairman , and the balance , sheet of the defence fund Was ' passed . A petition to Parliament was ordered to be drawn up , and an address to the country on behalf of the prisoneya ; and after Various other important business was transacted , ifc was determined to hold another meeting on the 24 th of July , at Dudley . ¦
Steelhouse-Iane Meeting . — The mtmbers of fte National Charter ABSociaticn bjiloBgiag this locality met at the Sh ' Inn , Sttaihouse-Jiina , on Tuesday evening last , Mr . Horaley in the chair . Mr . Boat read an address to the Irish Universal Suffrage Association , which he had been requested to draw up . The address was warmly applauded and unanimously agreed to . Mr J . Emea delivered a most instructive and argumentative address , which was warmly applauded . After which , Afeasra . Thorpe ana FeHoWs were appointed to act on the Committee for the support of the families of Mr . Mason and other men imprisoned in Stafford gaol , each locality in the town having likewise elected two for the same purpose . /' - ' . . It . was resoiyed that the rules of the Asabciation should be read every evening of meeting previous to the transaction of business . The sub-Secretary was ordered to write to the Executive for sixty cards , and after the transaction of the usual routine business the meeting separated .
Mondat EVEBiNG MfBEiiNO .- ^ After conclusion of the open-air meeting , at Duddeston-rpw , the members repaired to Aston-Btxeet , for the purpose » f trans acting the usual busmess . The zoom was crowded , and Mr . Peter Henley was called to the chair . He delivered a short and appropriate aiidrest , after which Mr . Talr bert , sub-Secretary , read the minutes of the last Council meeting , which were passed unanimously . Mr . White then addressed toe assembly on their improved position and good prospects , and , after the other bufliness waa transacted , tbe members separated ... . ¦ : ¦'
AsxoN-sTREBT meetings . —The usual meeting was held at the Association Boom , ABton-street , on Sunday evening , Mr . Williamspn in the chair . The meeting was addressed by Mr , ^ ^ George White .
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9 % , ftf / m ^ M r ^ / v wtM - ^ sfci -y ^ t ^ V ^ u'l Public Meeting . —The open-air meetings which are held in varioas parts of Birmingham are producing - immense beneat to the cause . A healthy and energetic tone fa thereby infused iuto the Chartist movement . a » the wcrkisg men who attend them are te be seen like so many discussion classes , formed into small groups in the fields , both at DuJdeston-row and Summer-lane . Mr . White addressed a numerous assembly near the Yolcan Fonnffry , on Sunday morning last , at eleven o ' clock , and again at the same place on Tuesday evenin ? . He also attends every Monday evening in the large field at Duddeston-row . : ;
Shoemakers' Meeting . —This members of this patriotic trade bold their weekly meetings at the house of Mr . Marsh , Britannia Inn , PeckLane , every Tuesday " evening . At their last meeting , Mr . Ma «; ee in the chMr , a spirited address was delivered by Mr . Thomas ' Soar , who was warmly applauded . Several resolutions ' were passed ; and addresses delivered by Mr . Q . White , Mir , P . Henley , and others ; and it was resolved that the members shoQld each act as collectors in their turn ,, a » their names stand on the book .
HptL . —At the weekly meeting of the Council fiveshillings was Voted to Mr . Mason and the other seven Sed ^ ley victims , and arrangements made for a collection at ; the grentral meetiojt next Monday evening ,- ' the idth insL ; . - . it is also their Intention to subscribe monthly to the support of the victims and their families , and they hope the Associations through the country will do ther same , for nothing under the present accursed system will tend more to check the thirst for the blood of out ablest leaders than nofely supporting them when incarcerated for advecating our cause .
Bradford . ——The good cause progresses here silently but surely ; during 1 the past w ^ ek there has been no meetihjts of any note . At tha different meetings of the localities membera are continually beinjr added to the ranks of the National Charter Association . A deep sensation has been felt in the bosom of every Chartist at the hard f » te of poor Frost . Sighsv tears , moans , aad lamentati ns , are expressed , by every one who betoni ; to our ranks . Curses , both loud and deep , have been heaped on- the heads of his merciless oppressors but we see no hope of bis release until the Charter be made the law " of the laud . Then let every Chartist labonr with heart and soul , and work as if the cause depended on him and him alone ; let us never rest satisfled until the Charter be made the law o { the land , and the . . magnanimous Frost , and his cpmpairiots v be restored to tbeir families .
Yeadon Moon —On Sunday afternoon last , a meeting Was held at the above place at-two o ' clock , whew Mr . Aiderson delivered an excellent lecture on Cnartisi ... The meeting was a large one . Mr . Alderson was minutely questioned on the Corn Lvwa by a number of Corn Law Repealers . Jtfr . Alderson had no assistant . The meeting was adjourned to next Sunday week at the same hour and place , when a discussion will take place on the Corn Laws . ApPEitLET Bridge—Messrs . Alderson , Edwards , Dewhirst , and Smith attended a meeting at this place , whieh was well attended , and an association formed ; six members were enrolltid in the association . This is a new locality :: ve never had » meeting here before .
Congleion : —Air . Joseph Capper , from Tunstall , preached two sermons in the Chartist room , in Congleton , on Sunday , last ; afuneral sermon for poor Holberry in the evening , from the sixth Chapter of St . Luke , and the twenty seventh verse , to a numerous and very attentive audience . V NEWCAsri , E . ^ The weekly husinesa meeting waa held as usual on Monday evening , Mr . Dees in the chair . After the transaction of local business , Mr . Cockbum raported his lecturing tour , to the high gratification of the meeting . At Msrpeth and at Ahiwick he has been peculiarly successful . . ; ;¦
Amble—The Chartist flig was unfurled here oni Saturday last by Mr . Cockburn , who lectured to-an audience comprising . almost the whole population of this and the adjacent villages of Warkworth and Radctiffd Bridge . A very cordial reception was giveo to him , and at the conclusion of his lecture a number of members were enrolled in the National Charter Association . ; Warrington . —At the weekly meeting here , on Monday , a ^ subscriptton was commenced on behalf of Mrs . Holberry . Mr . Mason , and the other prisoners . Heywood . —Mr . Bell lectured here on Tuesday evening , to a numerous meetiuK . He was followed by Mr . Lomas , from Rateliffd , and by a friend from Rocbdale . !
LotJGHBOBOUGH . —The Chartists here continue to meet in different parts of the town three nights in the week . Last week , oh one of ' the nights , stones and water wurethrown , and on the Weduesday night in tho Markefc Place ; but the patties ate known , and they "had better beware . On Monday last , Mr . Cooper , of Leicester , delivered a very spirited and interesting ado ' resa at . the' top of the New Row , near tho Barrack ? , to an attentive and numerous assembly , the "Sun of Freedom" being sung at the commencement , and the " Ghartist National Anthem" at the close Three cheers , with , one cheer more , were given for the Charter j O'Connor , and the xeturn of Frost , Williams , and Jones . Tenafresh members were enrolled ; and to shew ; the terror of the wealthy ^ the soldiers were , in c 6 nsoquence of the meetihg , confined to their barracka for the night . Oa Tuesday last , Messrs . Jarratt ; and Bucknall addressed the people here in the Markefc Place ; ' - - - - :. - ; : ' - . ¦¦ / :, : ¦¦ : '¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ' ¦ . . - - ¦ ¦¦ "¦
KOTHERH All . — - —GtORiPVa DEJUONSiaATION IS favour op the I ' eople' 8 Chartee . —Mr . T . B . $ mith visited us on Saturday nia ; ht last , and delivered a lecture * in the Association Room , to a not numerous , but most attentive audience . He stated at the concibsipn , that if agreeable he would deliver another lecture on Tuesday evening , in the open air . Preparations were instantlyv made , placards were issued , and a noble spirit manifested which threw the town , and especially the truckling teetotalers , into consternation . The latter stated that they intended to hold a meeting on the same evening , and that the Chartists had contrived theirs in a spirit of opposition ; thi 3 statement was false , as no Chartist knetv of the temperance gathering
until Tuesday , and the placards calling the meeting were issued on Monday . At the appointed hour , Mr . Smith , accompanied by his friends , repaired to the Market-place , aud after Mr . Stephen Peacock had , _ as chairman , opened the 7 business of the evening in a few well-timed remarks , Mr . Sniitll commenced his address , which lasted nearly twa hours , and carried conviction to many aa honest heart . Mr . Smith took a Review ofe * the present distress of the country , traced in a clear and lucid .: 'maahe ' r , ' :- : 6 ur ' ^ v . bistory . ' . '' . ; frpm . ' . ' --tha days of Alfred , and explained the six points of the Charter with the most powerful tfiect . The meeting coald not consist of less than 2000 , including almost all the respectables of Rotherham , who , with one or two exceptions , listened with the greatest attention . Some of the teetotallets endeavoured to intvrrupt the meeting by slight groans ^ and some one in . the crowd threw a email stone at the speaker ; but
the meeting was most peaceable , and the conduct of the gentlemen was such as might be imitated with advantage in other places . Some few of the tools of faction endeavoured to extrciso thtir vocation in a small way , one wishing for Mr . Smith ' s imprisonment ; another , exclaiming , " blast him , I could mill him ; ' and a third , ( a ; policeman ) , wisparing that the fellow was well paid ; and when asked for proof , reply i » g , " why , because I think he is . " At the close of the lecture , Mr . Smith made some statements which have thrown confusion ; into the temperance ranks . He stated thai on the occasioa cf his last visit to Rotherham , he was invited to lecture to the Teetotal Society , and promised to do so on his next visit . He received for answer , that hia offer was friendly accepted ;;; ' . accordingly ' , he wrote to the Secretary , stating when he should be in Rotherham , and his readiness tn fulfil hispromise , to vfhich he received the following reply : — "College Road , Rotherham , July 2 ,
1842-" SIR , —In reply to your note received last night , I have to inform you that your kind : offer to give the Rotherbam Teetotal Society a lecture was discussed by the members of the committee , the last time you waa at Rotherham , and ; that the decision of the committee then was , that . such effer be respectfully declined , in accordance with the ; rules of the aSaociation , which expressly provide , that no party politics or sectarian , opinions be allowed . "I readily believe , for one , that yonr statement of not introducing such matter ; is perfectly true ; but , aa we are circumstanced . at Kotherbam , it ia our only safe plan to steer quite clear of all danger in this respect : and , as a lover of true teniperancei which I have every reason to believe you to be , you will , I hope , see our hitherto fcttictly adbered-by rule could not . •¦ ifely » on this occaaioii > 1 > & dispeiiBed with ; . ¦' . ¦ - ¦ ¦ ¦ ' : ; V I remataj ¦ - ¦ ' - ¦> . ' 'Vv-- ' - ¦'' . '' . ¦¦ ¦ . . ¦ . ' ' ¦ . . " Yours moit respectfully ,
" Mr . T . B . Smith , Leeds . " The readibg of this production was productive of much merriment . Mr . S . showed that either a barefaced lie had been written by - — - or that a lie had been told by the deputation which waited upon bin * on his last vieit to Rotherham , and said he would leave the Committee and their Secretary to settle this between them . He then pointed out the consequence of so explaining the rale of the Temperance Society as to exclude persons holding particular political opinions or religious ones from it 3 platforms . He showed that if this interpretation was correct ,
it must exclude Whigs and Tones as well as Chartists , and men of all religions , as every one of , them held party and sectarian opinions , and asked the teetotallers present what they thought of a 6 ooiety which proclaimed by inference that nobody bat a man without principles or opinions of Ub own . waa ; , fit to appear as its advocate ? Mr . S , jjoaeluded bf recommending all to become total abstainers , bet not to sign the pledge until a new society be organised . This demonstration will be of immense importance to the cause here , and we look forward to another : visit with much pleasing anticipation as to tha result . ' •• " ¦¦' : "¦ ¦ ¦ : " ' - .-. ' : ¦ : - ' - - ' : ' -: ¦ ¦ '¦ ¦ " ¦ ••; . : '¦ .. ' ¦ ' . ¦ ¦ ¦ , '¦ ¦ " ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦¦ - ¦ ¦ " ' ¦ " ¦ -
HAtiFAX . r-Lecturers coming to Halifax are hereby required to give due notice thereof ( three days at leasQandalso to give their address in order that they may be giyeti to understand whether their services are required or not . Lecturers neglecting this notice Bhall in no case be eDpgsd . Addrega B . Butterly , sub-Secretai ^ Back Allbion-street ,
To The Middling Classes 50. Iv.
TO THE MIDDLING CLASSES 50 . IV .
C!)Artt0t Zttttetlizente.
C !) artt 0 t ZtttteTlizente .
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TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS . MR . O'CONNOR'S YORKSHIRE TOUR , CONTINUED FROM OT 7 R LAST . Mt bear Fbxesbs , —It vras briefly noticed in last week's Star , that I visited Bingley on Wednesday last ; but it wa 3 not stated that I addressed the congregated thousands at considerable length ; andj still more curious to relate , I was requested by the Chartists to comment upon the Whigs' last stretch . Now , -what will any man say to this fact ? For a serie 3 of years , invention ' s brain has been racked to find out an employment for me in the Whig service or the Tory service ; it made no difference , bat & tool I must and should be in the hands of one
party or the other . Well , all devices having failed , what will my-friends suppose is the occupation that the moral-force Whigs have now assigned to me ? Why , no more or less than that" I am now in pay of tke Tories , engaged for the purpose of preserving the peace of the countryP' What say you to that ?! Do not the fools know that such an honourable ofice I would and do cheerfully fill , without further pay or reward than the delightful reflection that I had baulked the moralforce Whig 3 in their hope of restoring their party by a physical mote made by the people , during
which the moral-force ruffians would quietly look on until the danger was over!—I addressed a . tremendons congregation of men and women at Bingley , and took a bKow of hands for the whole Charter , name and all . We then proceeded to Keighley in procession , and assembled in an open space , orer 20 , 000 strong . Mr . Firth was called to the chair . I need not tell yon that I spoke at great lengtn , and the remonstrance wa 3 unanimously adopted . We . immediately adjourned to the Chartist place bf meeting , where an excellent soiree was held , and which was very well conducted . I was obliged
to speak before the ceremony of tea-drinking was otbz ^ &s I 4 ucL to meet . land , at Halifax , on the same evening ; at eight : « lock . I left ' precisely at seven , and reached Halifax ( twelve miles , over a shocking road ) at five minutes before ( and not five minutes after ) eight , as stated in the Star , and proceeded instantly to the Odd Fellows' Hall . An account of the proceedings which took place , yon have seen ; but yon cannot , even from that , form any notion of the value of the triumph . I do assure you most solemnly and without affectation , that I felt ashamed of the exposure which I was compelled to
make of my opponent ' s ignorance and incapacity . No creatnre in discussion ever yet received a more continuons and complete trouncing than did Mr . Acland from the beginning to the end . But one thing which he told me , * as he said , in confidence , most not be kept back . No , no ; I am not just the man to keep the secrets of the League . Now , let every man pay particular attention to the following disclosure , eominx from the principal spouter of the "Plague . " Acland eaid to me , — " Well , Mr . O'Connor , we Bball either have a repeal of the Corn Laws , or the Charter in three weeks . " Mr . O'Connor— " Indeed ! how V
» lr . Acland— " Well , I tell yon , in confidence , that the object of the League ' s present meeting in London , is to take into consideration the propriety OF STOPPING ALL THE MILLS UPON A GIVEN DAY !! AND THEY WILL DO IT !!!!" Now , this piece of meditated villany requires but little comment . O ! how loud these men were in condemning the assertion of the Duke of Newcastle , " that HE had a right to do what he liked with his own . " But , my friends , observe , that even here class legislation etep 3 in to mar
the League ' s nnholy project ; because the Tories , knowing thai tha more is a political one and they ( the Tories ) being many of them large mill-owners , will not join the " base , brutal , and bloody ? Whig masters ; but , on the contrary , would make a fine harvest of Whig insanity ! This Whig scheme , therefore , must totally fail . No thanks , however , to the League ! But Ehould tney partially try the ex ?* riment , I shall have no hesitation in meeting them , and defending their " hands" against their treason . Let them try THAT , and provisions will soon become " cheap" enough 11 !
DEWSBURY . On Tuesday I visited Dewslury , where a meeting was called in the Cloth Hall , but it was so crammed that we were forced to adjoara to the Market Place , wnare we had an immense assemblage . Mr . Titos Brooke , that excellent man and honest Chartist , waa called to the chair . I spoke till dark at night , and was followed by Mr . Brooke . We took a show of hands for the Charter , name and all , and also against the infernal Poor Law Bill , and both were unanimous . A drunken fool of a master
named Taylor , who i 3 more clever at reducing wages than any thing else , endeavoured to create a disturbance , but -was compelled to stagger into a gin shop , to hide his" ugly form from the people ' s sight . Dewsbury is fast falling in the scale of comfort ; a firm of three large masters has got hold of the whole labour market , and that firm is weekly amassing and laying np in capital all that belongs to the labonrer and the shop-keeper . There are numbers of excellent Chartists in Dewsbury .
YORK . I am accused by those who cannot dream of the strength of our cause , of exaggerating our numbers , and of giving partial accounts of our meetings . How could anything more tend to lessen me in the estimation of the very persons , who would be thereby led to suppose that our cause was rather a shadow living in my own imagination , than a substance based on principles and to b » realised by onr strength . In fact no person receives
greater -Shocks of astonishment than I do . The meeting in York on Friday last places me in that position ; for were I to attempt even a description of it , I should be laughed at by all save those who witnessed it . I was met at the Station by a vast concourse ,- with a band and a very large black banner—the largest I have ever seen . This banner W&is procured for poor Holberry ' s funeral : npon one side was " Thou shall do no murder" and npon the reverse an appropriate quotation from Scripture .
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YOL . Y . m . 2 U . SATURDAY , JULY 16 , 1843 . ^^^ ^ " ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^ ^ : ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^ ^ ^^ -
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— **¦ . -. v ^ y ^^ . " : : . - . ¦ : . / —^¦;¦ v . — - , v ^ AND LEEDS GENERAL AOTJiTlJER ;
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 16, 1842, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct607/page/1/
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