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Mb. O'CojraoK will address ihe Peoplb of MaKCHBSTEE, AT THB CiSPKNXZBS* HaLL, ON Sa-
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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1843.
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TO THE PEOPLE ON MY RESPECTIVE LECTURING TOURS.
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STo Z&ee&tv0 ant* <gorttt££0tt&cntg.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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3 = ; — —— . IETIEBS 5 E 0 M TfiS MOUNTAIN * KI £ « -A SERIES OF IiETI £ BS TBOM AH O 1 D 1 LUI IS TWT ! CODSIBf , TO A " XOuTIG HAH 33 J DTJBLI 3 . JiVcja "The Besaties of the 'Pressi * " ase ' erfton of original Ariiefes , Essays , Q < l , « & « & originally appeared *» U » " Pi £ SS" seuaspaper , estab&J » ed is Inland % z Arthur O Connor , Q ^ o" fte forcible sxppresskm ^ f the Northern Star Sy ft * Governsuxt 2 IdBTTBB III . 315 » £ i * PBIKJa>—33 ie aitaftUcn of Ireland since 3 It JEft « une to the bead of sffiurs b * s been aafly cowing ffiore critical , ana ought naturally to have cbatea the fesrsiaafl attention of a minister ** common «™ dfr . Hemlgbtisve marked in the honzm the SHajTcloixa ' Eke a man * hand , too harbinRer of the tdnfinadeluge ; jetheentmstedthecfcief goveramectof
tEs"iriost important , this predoas country , —for sech it Jrto Britain , —at » im * t important jmcture topajeauta , ¦ teTOppBto . ^ o -nnMal rawskenea . He w sball -we account for this phenomenon ? "Wiy * lion > d a minister of 63 stingmshrft&TettssefckiKit . KkeTiogberry ia the play , the most fiesertless vissx -for cffice ? Is it feat lie -ia Setermmad in all his mescnres to trust to the operation < tf blind chance , witboat the employment rf rational ¦ fcuniBB means i la it Stoat he conceives it to be tha interest of Britain to rain Ireland , and ^ mploja Kith -peisonB « s Ise -thinks tuoei -fit to accomplish this ofcjeet "? Is it ttat be thinks tools - mSl *> e most obseqoiens to 1 ± * e orders of tke interior British cabinet ? "Or is it flia * he suppcres tiheiieaiBong temerity of IpHy and bsexperi-C » ce msy not see tie danger of critical situations and 3 nay be ionua more TBsay »> engage IE tltspsrate-e ^
eri-S&e&is ? 2 have often asked aByaelf , WBy -was the present Chief GoTemor of Ireland selected for tbe station ? I fytmnt ^ Hviga ^ hg csnsa . I -cannor £ nd that be possesses asny ofIhetalents t 2 the -senerable magistrate , Ks fsHjer j cannotfeid fh »* lie -poasesBes-aay art of conciliation « of -government , except * we ibonld suppese that a . strong head is a perfectunriii tfceTiceroy of t Provicce jnnch addicted to tie pleasures of the ta ^ le . Apolitical Mentor Has l « en assigned "to ttuijarcsifc statesman , younger in governmenlsnd wisdom than in years . Bnt ¦ what caa lie boast ? ilnch political ciaft and sangoinaryraahneas ? -which latter , by theecartesy of Ireland , 31 to 1 »« 5 lledi ^ rBi « sss . The great policy ef the present i » TTnT » w ^ TaHfvn > n « been directed to trsto olgects—rtsistof
aace to ti ^ e claims Gathobcs , and the depression ^ the --fnepfls of PaxliameEterj Heform . With these liewBiiie ola principlB of difision "was adopted ; the . Ti . ^ . ruMf > Tn . Trhifth iiaa fcr-Kans time sabwsted between Jks 5 ' j » leAants and-CatbolJcs is thel ^ orth , not without secret : eoeonrBgeniEiit from certain xaagistTates , and Iteea fomented , if not by the - posiisre encosragement , jet by the connrmnce , vi the CTiminal scpinenesa of « tbeM , iiad attained such apitchofinTeteracy , that the two paxtiES openly tesorted to asms and seemed bent on rontnal octennination . I Tviil not positrreSy aay ¦ & * $ ¦ € Kr ? ernment Tievred tfiti -secret complacency the mortal and labid sinmosiry that urged the bieots of « ontendin £ sects to an ^> pen -warfare -with each other . I"wSlDDtporitrrely attribute to GoTemment a eimithe
sal demre of tt" ^« ttp £ spirit a xanconr and irifrtrpti persecution general , as a means of weakening -fte people , or of turning them Irom the pnr-» nt of constitutional olgects . Tet certainly these discrders raged -ntbsnt contronl daring a long period . 32 » military "when .-they -were called out , seemed nni-Xormly to embroil maeers still msrs by their inter-TfTPnwv I i > elieTe , on errerj occasion , they ranged themselves -with the Orangemen ; and this scene of disorder TrasTiewed by these trho h » d the f nil power of Mpiessinjjli T * fths < 5 egree o ? spatby that to mo appears , on olhe ? jpHBdples , inexplicable . The outrages of the popnlaee in other parts of Ireland , were , in like manner , snffered to proceed to great lengths before any measures •» eretafcai by Gorernment to « beck them . A small
SBmber of soldiers , judiciouriy disposed through the country , and under the direction of active and pmdeni magistrates , -would soon hive restored good order ; bnt the pezsc&s and habitations of the gentry in those comities "trhere distnrbasceB prevailed -were left for many mssths -withoat any protection , except such a » the exertions of themselves , their servants and dependants afforded . In fact , It seemed as if QoTemmBnt-neved these illegal proceedings -with * seeret joy and trmmph ; 2 n 3 in a le&nemect of profoend , but criminal policy , "Wished to mtrtore and forward the spirit of outrage , that it might be organixad and jfrow into such a form of Tegelai insurrection as ¦ would furnish the pretext for laying aside all forms of the constitution , and
forintrodncing b syston cf nolent coensre meaEores and a ligorons GoTBxnment that ihoold comprehend and esmpress the innocent -with tisgtdJty , taleoce tbe public tmcQ , vrenvetbe sdTDCites for fitedom , &n ibeiasd "witii terror * and Bosplcfon , and completely eztio ^ iztsa aH i&OTeinents of th © people -towards the attainment < £ iheirtwo faronrlte elgects . Perhaps it -was heped aod Expected that the men of property , and the friends of peace and good order in the country , disgusted i > j the tendency to rlsA in tbe l »\? er class of people , not only might fcrow thm -weigTit into tbe scale of GoTern-T" » 7 * . bnt setaally beeoms advocates for " an Uinon of this country -with Sngland , -ofhich has been a favourite scheme of tha British cabinet since the time that Ire .
land in anus extorted certain coacttsioca from the neceesities and the ippifchtEskms of Britain . This maehis nndenlaWe ; that tre heard some of these who are tbe most intimately connected -with the present { joTcrnment and the iest acquainted "with the secrets of the cabsnent , express the monstrous wish that a ¦ whole province , the molt considerable in the country in point of populaUoa , industry , property , information and morals , could he driven to rebdlicji i or were in open T&eRims for 2 < $ s > net TC&h to misstate or ag ^ ' raTate fxpressloss in themselves snffldectly abo-minahla At
the »""> time all prcpoaals far an enquiry into tbe state « f Xtx poor and the jiansds of thtir conipl = ints and ersoontenta -was TtpRiKiitfed as » facScos attempt to irfiame by connivance and public approbation the disorders of those -who Bought for redress through the medium of tumult . " The people might bave griftvxnees , bet ibis vras sot tbe time — "i bs coj-cessiens tit Jnetiee mlghi be -fanputed to Intimidation . "" The srm cf GovEinment -was at last strttched forth ; and the system of rigour began t 9 be . developed in all its
A noble Xord hSshin mSitsry siteahon EeemB to have Jbeentte £ rit inventor of a meaEure , -which vas after-• wards sanctioned and imitated by the Legislature . 1 mean that of elFpersing -with the usual formalities of 3 aw , sad transporting respected psJ 3 OBs from their eona-Ty under the idea of is&nning the fleet . Tim coefiuct was approbated in the . strongest T ^ p ^ f-r by a fr- ^ trppifl Judge , yrho inecetded the Noble Irrrd in a cir-« ait through the ccurtiy ; but the I « sgislatnre iaterpostdtoprolect the Btreich of ps-wer , or , as ihe disaffected might call it , this viilatioii of tbe laT 7 and cr . ai . ti intSon , i > j a bill cf izsdeauuty . What bBi cf indemnity ahould protect Mm frcm the jusUee of Britain , whose afbitiary act Srst fcrniEhedtte precedtni for filling the isavy -srtth disccnteat , for shaking the Eafety of the jBritish Empire to its centra , aad TeadtriDg , -perhaps , ¦ what used to be its protection , its sorest scourge at some Injure day ?
Peace he to tb * manes of the tx ' ssl by jury » If ow came tbe inEurr&cUon B 31 . Ton are -well acquainted ¦ with the provJEioES of tMa most formidable tct , wbicb ¦ with the eazlssr , introdHced znch a systtan of jealous iteowr as-RssscsrcelyeYtTeerired before ur-derthe most arbitrary and tyrannical forernnstnta •¦ Tbe Ect , " it isaybesaid , ** was distatedby tbe necessity of the tames . " Se it so ; the sudden leap from gr jta Enpinenees to a degree of severity , -which equris anything that the reign of terror cf Kobtspieire txhibittd , cocfounds and ¦ f Tjyy riflftn the Deople .
The magiBtrates of this country srt not universally competent to a situation tfcit in <* i » turbe » times ie-^ nirts pmdesce and good temper , joised - » itb activity , and & knowl&iigfe of the lavs . Many eccie ^ t-tics have tswistJy obtruded tbemsehres , or bees tiirui-t by ctbtrs , into cowTnisrions-of ibe peace ; acd iiic > hire doi been d-ifcugnufcea , I fear , by thEt * p ! nt of liberality and mercj -srhicb chaiacterlias tee Christian religicn . What tremendous powers vrtre coafeired un tbese men ! *• Aisy magistrate may send for Etnnsgcra . nuo propound to them the alternative ofgiviiig snreStE fur tbtir good Ixbavtosr , or going to gaol . " On repr&xr > ta : ian of tbr ; i&sgistras . in s speo&l Besioii , it-sl a disjicl , ct «« 3 ty , is in a oirturbed state , cr in dumper o 5 t > ecoisin ; k » , it Is to te proclaimed . The inbab .- ^ nts tbtn are
• Ks ., in a petty sbsasa , to kepp -wiihiti tb ^ -ir QTrel-H 252 , i « tw « n tun sad sun , on pain cf being pent on " bczri the Sset . The magistrates may irsai open ioKses , ttivreen zan and iim , to find vhabar Uk iElak ^ ants are at lome—aad may tad tbctp ' -who « re absent rai board the fleet , -when found , tmless the ? en prote to tbe KdisfaeUon cf tLe n « gUtrate , tbat they -wtre absent on ineii lawful 5 ukiises . J > ^ txjib taking tafe-sful oaths are to te « it en ' board tie first OSes power cf joint transportation and aitpriBCBment , is at tbe win ef a > , *^ Xe B-ar * ttate- 1 * 3 a ttne the Act BayB , that pmuns eomins « itLin Ihese dacsea , msj , if they Jnve bail , £ ppeal ircm ibe « z . gle JEsgistrate , to tfcs n ^ iztraUs of St * RC 3 , out of TPhom n-usj be of tbe caurem- bnt 5
^ i » = Te s no penally on the magutrate rtfosBg bail PtrsoEsafiiiiiiblipg tnmultnensly in tfcjs jLsj Ume oppafcg magistrates by night , in q ^ It GomicUiarv sesrcLea for ishabitaiits , arms , 9 ? locgf c , ; persoj ^ reading seditions papers , at papers naitajuptd that « u £ it 10 be itamped , are to be sent oa board tbe fi = et ; and any vonan seffiBg papers of u = e fortgoin * descnji ^ co , is to be committed to prison , theie to rremain iSnie discovsiBthe persons from -shorn she xtceiTed tiem , lie jnsgistratea did net teff-p tils act to remain a deed letter . District after district , < onnly after county , Iss been procaimeit We begin to aat the of
apprehend precincts tbe . "Viceregal rtaa . &tnu » -win be tlse onJypart of the Hngdom not in a * tate of disturbance , or likely to become ao . Arrest baa . « xceteded to arr « st—tfc& kingdom is stxnek vrltb . terror — -i £ e -dmigeoas are crowded . What mere cm be folif ^ v ^ . 1 3 he Euspenacsn of the Habeas Corpus act folio'Ks- ^ proeiaiaaticsB supsrsede the authority x > f ia-a-, * id tbe ^ civil adnnnistraticn of tie coDEby & batded orer to the Kdiitsry . Ico ict rptsSc-f ihe dtcty of trsdfti of tasfcSnreof paSIc ctdil ; if the general cisirsnE ' i these £ TB tbeutce » ar > ccnfegceceesof tie rrat—1 £ ps = i of meEsartas 2 nd of vailotvauss -which might iave bfcen Bvoidei
Tisaeaat psrty iast cad pablie earcsiotjon are said , to rVquirsiid . ^ . jiticnEe 2 t-Bsf ^ .-sicjs tf »^ e Habeas Csjjauaet , aafi-EBjpr liii . s-fu-v ^ r-e : I *; j .-i .-. J iL ^ y Iss parsdexieal ptii -i ? V . 3 y-: . i . sa , ; ia ± s do peculiarly jtos :, r >> -. ^ -- ii ' t b ^_ r ^
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should be retained and preserved with reverend care to protect individuals from being oppressed and crushed by tbeitroug hand of power and of party . Times of faction and disturbance are full of groundless suspicion and jealous rage . ; slight rumours are received aa important information ; the most idle whisper is beard with avidity . Every man has enemies ; at such moments they come forward ; they set > m like noxious reptiles in a hot pestilential season . Calumny takes the form of serious accusation , and anna herself -witbr all the terrors of ttie law ; the miliea of th& private foe pot . on ttte T > ZUd of the public avenger '; even babbling impertinence and prying cnrosHy wear the terrific features of ioqaisitorial authority . 2 fo innoceney of life—no Integrity of intention—no circumspection in -words xx conduct , can ensure to any ; man an nntronbled conditJen , or even Eafety ai such times . In my apprehension , it would be tight , instead of diminishing tbe constitutional regulations for tbe protection of the
« iBsan , to add to them new means ; of -security from wanton oppression . Is it consistent with the safety of tfee individual , that in times when men's passions xre inflamed and party rage prevails , a single person , psrhaps , a person ignorant , weak , 1 prejudiced and incapable , should bave a power of tearing men from their houses and their families that f were supported by their industry ; without allowing them any <*> portunity of defending themselves or confronting them , with their accusers , and sending them on board tenders ; white the provision for the protection of the inuooent by an appeal , is eluded , tbronga ttie impunity in refusing bail , which tbe act affords to the Bagistrate ? We may judge how unfit some of the justioes aie to be invested « itb ihess formidaWe powers , from what hag been done by some of themi men invested with sacred fimctions , from -whom one would look for information and humanity . Not only the single dwellings of the suspected have been horned , bnt whole villages hare been devoted to the flames' ? °
What is the present state of the-country ? A system of jealousy and espionage is adopted ; an auction of secret intelligence is instituted ; large ptemiumB are offered for tbe encouragement of perjury , by subscriptaoits for informers ; -whole legions t of spies are enlisted in the service of Government , who are most liberally paid with the money of the public . But my paper is exhausted . 2 am years , Montanus .
Mb. O'Cojraok Will Address Ihe Peoplb Of Makchbstee, At Thb Cispknxzbs* Hall, On Sa-
Mb . O'CojraoK will address ihe Peoplb of MaKCHBSTEE , AT THB CiSPKNXZBS * HaLL , ON Sa-
Ttt&DAT KEXX , THB 8 lH IKSIAiTT , AT JEIGHT O CLOCK pseciselt , SraJECr— " The Land and tub Chaster . "
The Northern Star. Saturday, July 8, 1843.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , JULY 8 , 1843 .
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A DAY AFTER THE FAIR . Tbe rainons policy of procrastination , whiob has erer been the distinguishing characteristic of the class-ministry of this country , is npvr being sorely felt . Complaint after complaint has been made of grievances which were known to exist , but a deaf ear has been always tnrned to those complaints ; until at length the several suffering communities have marshalled themselves under the standard of their respective grievances , and claim from fear what has been refused to justice . The defiance of the Times to the Irish people to represent a single practical grievance of which they complain , and
the declaration of the Home Secretary that all the abuses that did exist have been already removed , and that what still remains of complaint must be set down to treason , has been answered from Ireland and America by threats of the extermination of that race from which the grievances are supposed to ijw . Upon the other hand , we , find the multiplied injustices imposed by class legislation upon the Welsh people resounding throngh the hills and dales , and threatening vengeance for Jong borne wronea :
while justice , if seasonably administered , would have stopped the howl . Again , if we look abroad , we see the moment of England ' s weakness seized upon as a fitting opportunity to undermine her foreign policy by establishing the BoarboU djO&Sty in Spain ; a joint in our foreign relations which if dislocated may tend not only to the dismemberment of the " United" empire as regards the loss of Ireland , but to the decline and fall of Britain ' s self as a nation !
The citadel of corruption is now much in the same situation as the Times described Es pabteho to be in afew days back ; it has failed to preserve the power of a hollow square , firing npon all points , and is now as it were the centre , fired npon from all points , itself . So long as a majority of the classes 0 / which our patchwork representative ' system is composed were satisfied with the mosaic work of our rulers as a whole , so long was the strength general of the party backed by the Btrength local of the classes of which it was composed ;
by which means the minority of the several classes were held locally and generally in subjection . But sow , how changed , the prospect ! Instead of tbe sectional strength which the majority of those classes formerly gave to the Government in compliance with the implied contract that the majority of each should plunder and live upon the minority , the necessities arising from aa expensive system have compelled the Government itself to fall back npon hitherto favoured protected supporters , and , in consequence of this , a majority of each class now constitutes the dissatisfied of its order .
In England , the Church Hierarchy but yield to Government necessity from a thorough conviction of their own weakness , and upon the principle that a half loaf is better than no bread ; the agricultural interest , though yelling arouad the minister in approving and acqiiiescrngcheerBjaregrowlingthroughoutthenation at his measures , while he is vain and foolish enough to suppose that a handful of subservient representatives can quell the gathering storm % the manufacturing interest are taking advantage of agricultural inquietude as a means of advancing their favourite nostrums of " Free Trade , " and are using the
unpopularity of the minister , rather than argument , as a means of pushing their demands ; the middle classes are pining in the midst of goods rendered valueless , and purchased upon " promises to pay , " and which bankers are cautious in exacting for fear of producing a premature bankruptcy ; industry , the "teai " from which the several mouths should draw their sustenance , has been dried up by the unjust and impolitic and wholesale substitution of artificial for mannal labour ; while , in the midst of all , the chosen few are eo glutted with wealih as to make it a ding in tbeir hands , at a time of the greatest national distress . Sneh is the picture which-England
presents at the present moment 2 If we turn to Scotland , we find the seeds of religious feud and contention , which , though sown in apparent mildness , are likely to mature in war and angry strife : nor are the other interests in Scotland one jot more satisfied with things as they are iban their neighbours in England . In Wales the picture is siill more striking . There we have the fruits of the knowledge of injustice , and the disinclination to remedy acknowledged grievances , vividly depicted . As with Ireland , so with Wales . We heard not of tha grievance of excessive tolls , of scanty provision for the poor , of nnrequiting prices for agricultural produce , the low rate of wages , tbe long suffering and just
complaint of tne working classes , nntil " Rebj-CCa exhibited tho > e grievances in £ re and wrote them in blood- Then , for the first rime , does the leading journalist condescend to inform us that those grievances are of long standing , aud fnlly justify complaint . Then , for the first time , do we hear from ihe Magistrates themselves that their loi > g sanctioning and upholding of injustice has led to force for rts destruction . Then fox the first time , upon the many occasions they are called upon to adjudicate upon the question of tolls , do they discover ! that the traveller fer many years past has been subject to an extortion of SO per cent , at the toll bars , the trustees charging 4 £ d . in cases where threepence were
only leviable , and ninepence where the payment of sixpence should only be demanded . ' This longstanding injustice was tamely acquiesced in , and allowed to be practiced with their full [ eoncurrence as they must have had a perfect knowledge of it ; nntil at length they have been compelled by force to take cognizance of the abuse . We bow hear of Magistrates convened by the Secretary of State for the Home Department admitting the existez | e ot all ihe grievances complained of ; and yet do cur rulers stand growling like a dog with a bone in his mm h , instead 01 b ' m . y confessing the existence of tha M-. rraJ tntr . j ^ es , and jum . 1 v meeting t ' x . m . Bui no i wiule ( . Lost c . mj >! aiuj . » riug On-cnun
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the laud , we find them making 9 . more reckless use , if possible , than erer of th » national resources ! while their or gan proposes , as remedy , an additional number of Chief Justices ag j ^ t aeanfl of silencing complaint ! Hr w i 3 a possible that the industrious portion of 9 JCiety can look calmly on , while pauper foreign xy anarchs are living upon their resourceSijand pani / jr foreign prints are receiving dower out of tl > e j |> scanty means !!
Parliament is r . Ow drawing near to its Sessional close j and were we critically to review its acts we might perhaps ' once more come under the thumb of the Attornm General ; but what may be libel in an individo ' il to disclose may be virtue in a people to resist . . ' If we tnrn to Ireland , there we find the national industry paralysed by the stand-still policy and procrastination of Government ; until at length the . -people have been taught the dreadful lesson that a good , to be achieved , must b& achieved by threat . They have now before them many practical instances of this sad truth , illustrated by circumstances which have occurred in our own time . In 1323 ,
when the exaction of the Tithe impost was still levied by the standard of war prices , the Irish people rose up in arms and compelled the Government of that day to relieve them of a portion of the tax by placing it upon the shoulders of their wealthier neighbours . In 1829 , after twenty-nine years of successful resistance to the claims of the Catholics , the Minister of that time was compelled to yield to fear what he had refused to justice . Again , in 1832 , after the incarceration , transportation and death of several Reformers , " the Bill , the whole Bill , and nothing but the Bill , " which had been so pertinaciously refused to petition remonstrance and prayer ^ was granted to fire and sword .
We would ask our lagging . self-sufBcient and timeserving rulers whether they hold power for no better purpose than that of alternately exhibiting their moral weakness and physical strength , and merely to teach the people the most scientific mode 0 ' extracting the means for keeping them in subjection ? While we ; see all these abases staring us in the face , however , we would inconsequence themore urgently impress upon the minds of our readers the fact , that however great , or however numerous the sectional causes of ' complaint may be , none desire a remedy that would go farther than to correct those abuses of
which they themselves complain ; while nothing short of the People ' s Charter , whole and entire , can make them participants in any advantage to be gained by the correction of any single abuse : and therefore does it become their duty to look watchfully at passing events , and to act cautiously under existing circumstances . Let them not for a moment auppose thifc the threat of violence , nay even to extermination , against the Government is indicative of a fellow-feeling for the working classes . Let them not imagine that justice to the Scotch Seceders—justice to the inferior clergy
of the Protestant Church of England—justice to the agricultural interest—justice to tho manufacturing interest— -justice to tbe shopkeeping interest , or justice to Rebecca , " means justice to them . No , far otherwise J Justice can only be administered to any single class by doing an act of injustice to the workkg classes . What does their justice mean ! Does it not imply a remission of some burden which they are now called upon to bear , and which burden if taken from their shoulders by their representatives must inevitably be placed upon the shoulders of those who are not represented at all !! The Chartists then have no interest in making common cause with those parties -who contend for a remission Of their own 0 II 8 S srievances- ; but they should take advantage of all
and every opportunity to strengthen their own hands , for ; the achievement of that great and holy measure which would at one aud the same time administer equal justice to each and to all . Of this the working classes may rest assured , that all those who are now marshalled under the standard of sectional abuse , would strike tbeir colours to-morrow , and join to a man ia resisting the claims of the working classes ; and for this simple reason ; because all others live and prosper upon their weakness . For these reasons then , we would once more strennonsly recommend them to renew the motto of The Charter and no surrender" upon their banner , and not to strike it nntil the objoct is achieved : for then , bat not till then , will justice be done to all classes of the community .
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ORGANIZATION . We are glad to see that this Bubject is now beginning to occupy the people ' s attention ; it has been taken up since the news of our last by the South-Lancashire Delegates , the Metropolitan Delegates , the Sheffield Chartists , and the Halifax Chartists , and each one of these important bodies takes , in some respects , a different view of it . The Metropolitan Delegates are for carrying out Mr . O'Connoh ' s plaa of appointing a General Secretary , and eleoting an Executive now . Thh seems to us to be beginning at completely the wrong end of the work ; and in
this view we are supported by tbe South Lancashire Delegates , and by the Sheffield and Halifax ChartiBte , who think with us that an Organization should precede an Executive ; and that an organization to be effective and to give satisfaction to the people , and to secure efficient protection for the people , must emanate not from a small junto of perhaps very ignorant or very stupid and Belfwilled individuals , who may chance to bo elected on the Executive , but from the people themselves , at a National Delegate Meeting , fairly representing the whole mind and the whole will of the whole people .
The Organization of our rankB is the most important national question that can be debated . It is of first consequence that we bring to it all the talent , all the research , all the coolness , all the discrimination and all the legal acumen of which we are matter . It will not do to permit it to be marred by the selfwill of any man who may chance to think himself wiser than all tbe world , or to value bis own head so little as to run it wilfully against a stone wall , while he knows that it cannot go alone but must break all our heads at the same time . It is just this sort of bull-necked-ness which has given us all the
" ba-ckeninga" we have heretofore had . It is necessary before we have an Executive , that the powers and duties of the Executive should be exactly defined and laid down ; that they may know their place and keep it , and not have it in their power ta drag the whole movement into a ditch * " oa their own responsibility " . This can only be done by the Organization ; and hence , the necessity of bringing te ihe discussion of that Organization such a diversity of talent and opinion as shall render it impossible for any one or two to carry it all their own way , and substitute " their own responsibility "
for a due attention to the safety of the cause . We need scarcely say , therefore , that we concur heartily in the opinion of our Sheffield friends that the people should have before them , some time before they elect their delegates , all the various plaus of Organization which have been elicited ; that they may weigh and consider the advantages and disadvantages of each and all of them , and duly aud accurately instruct their delegates . This requires time . It is not a work to be hurried about . The people had better by half wait a week or two , and have an Organisation whieh will work , than patch up one hastily to see it tumble to pieces again in a few months . It is impossible for the
thing to be well done either on the mh of July or the 1 st of August . There is not time for due deliberation . ' The 16 th of August has been named We think that too early . The first week in September would be as soon as , in our opinion , the National Delegate meeting could be held with benefit and safety to the cause . Between now and then there will be full time for enquiry , investigation , and thought ; and not a day too long ; the delegates will come to their work knowing what they are about , and we may expect the result of their consultation , to be a safe , workable , and * fficient plan , which sball enable the whole people to co-opcr . au as one man . Any thing less than ili 3 wil ! h > ° w-.-r&e than nothing .
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I We have not been able to get ready the mass of documents upon the subject which we promised for this week ' s Star . We . find it a " stiffer" job than we reckoned on : they need so much arrangement and re-writing . We regret the delay less ; because we have this week received one or two other communications which we shall give wit }) them , and ire are anxious to place tbe whole before the people at one view ; for which : purpose we request tbat any other parties who intend sending anything on the subject , ' will do bo before next Tuesday .
j When we have laid before the people all the hint and suggestions of others on the matter , we Bhall give them our own . We shall give the whole law of Organization , both as it affects political , religious , and benevolent societies . We shall shew them how they may make an Organization of the Chartist body to combine all the advantages of all these different characters :
how they may have an effective , universal , workable , going , Organization , which Bhall not only ' violato no law , but which shall compel the law to guarantee their safety , and to protect them from aggression . We shall show the people how to have such an Organization as shall efficiently help on our move ' nibnt and with ordinary care defy any government to break into it without coming down to Parliament and asking for a law specifically for that purpose .
This will , in all probability , oocupy as much space as we can spare for it in Beveral successive numbers of the Star . We shall then publish the whole in a pamphlet , to be called " The People's Handbook of Organization , " so that every man can carry it in his waistcoat pocket , and consult it at his leisure ; and we shall then leave it to the people to make of our comments what use they please . But we implore them not to be too hasty in calling their delegate meeting ; but to give time for tbe full developement and adoption of an efficient plan in the several localities before ihe delegates are elected .
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AMERICAN SYMPATHIZERS . Elsewhere , our readers will find some rather astounding news from tho United States . The Repeal movement seems to be making head-way in America at a tremendous rate . The Yankee Repealers , having no fear of the English Attohnet-General or the Irish Vicbroy before their eyes , speak out their mind with sufficient plainness ; aud faith " they mouth it well" ! They threaten to seize upon the Canadas ; to shew British ships , or at all events the merchandise contained in them , the shortest way to the bottom of the sea . They threaten the British Government with a simultaneous attack from America , France , Ireland , and the
Irishmen in England . We commend this intelligence to the especial reading and careful consideration of Government . It bears not , to be sure , the seal of Congress , nor the authority of the United StateB government ; but it is yet worth the while of Sir Robert Pest to give it careful and deliberate thought : it cornea from those who are masters alike of CoDgress and of the States Government ; and whom it behoves well any British Government to think twice of , before it hazard the inducing of them to resort to such means as may be at hand for the accomplishment of their declared purposes .
Doubtless there is about these Yankee sympathies" a good deal of the etuberaaoe of wild liberty . They promise more than they are likely to be able to perform . But they can do enough to tease a government most sadly , if they set themselves to work . It would be , for instance , a terrible thing if they bhould take from us our North American colonies ! We have bought those colonies at a plaguy dear rate ; and they should be worth something . This part of their threat there is no doubt the ! Yankees could carry out They can drub us out of America whenever they please . In talking ,
however , of the " revolt" of four millions of Chartists , they reckon without their host . The Chartists will do no such thing . They are looking for a great constitutional change to be wrought by other means than " revolt " . They seek not to overturn , but to consolidate and to establish on a firm and pure basis the powers of government . When the Chartists were struggling with a tyrant Government for : their own liberties and those of Ireland at the same time , Mr . O'Connell insolently threatened to eend over to the aid of Government 500 , 000 fighting men . to put down
the ] O | ptista . The Chartists will not retaliate this insolence . They will not lend the Government a single man to put down Repeal ; but they will not " revolt " . They will go on steadily pursuing their moral warfare ; taking advantage of all circumstances which may rise to aid them ; and , if Repeal is to create the physical tornado which the " sympathisers " threaten , even ia the wildaess of the storm the Chartists will pour oil upon the waters of contention : they will accomplish by mild means alone , the establishment of those just principles , which will place England and Ireland on a footing of equality , and both upon the plane of right .
Much as wa love , and dearly as we prize , the rights of Irishmen and liberties of Englishmen , we hope never to see them purchased at the price of foreign aid . We like not this coquetting with the French . We have never yet seen any good of French interference in either England or Ireland . We do not expect it . We hope Mr . O'Connfll doos not countenance these appeals to French " sympathy " . There are ill-natured people who seem to think he does ; who speak of Mr . Moonef , the agent in America of the Dublin Corn Exchange Club , as the - immediate incitement to this outburst of
American enthusiasm ; who point to the significant allusions to France in several of tbe " Liberator ' s" speeches , and to the mustachioed foreigners whom he recently introduced at Irish Repeal meetings ; and who from all these things infer that Mr . O'Connell favours secretly the interference of foreigners in tbe domestic affairs and relationships of Great Britain and Ireland . We are not willing to believe this ; because if we could believe it , we must doubt Mr . O'Connki . l ' s sincerity . We must believe that he is not honestly seeking Repeal ; that is to say , that he is either not seeking it at oil , or seeking it for the benefit , not of
the Irish people , but of a middle-class faction . We desire ' 0 think better things of him . But we shall see how he receives his new allies . It will now be seea whether the pbysical-foroe overtures—the pikes , muskets , aud firebrands—of America and France are more acceptable to him than the moral , peaoeful , and constitutional aid of the English Chartists which he so lately spurned . Meantime we bid the people—the English people —go on their own way ; turn neither to the right nor left ; persist in looking , by legal and moral means only , ; for that Char-tar of-right , which shall ensure justice not only for themselves , but for their Irish brethren .
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: THE LEAGUE TRAP TRIAL . The people have , in another part of oar presents sheet , the Treasurer ' s balanoe sheet for the defence of the victims of combined tyranny , treachery , and folly ; from which they will see that this splendid struggle seems to have been achieved on the part of the people at the small cost of less than £ 6 * 00 This ,: however , is not the ease by any means . This is the sum for which the people have been taxed- for defence ; but they will observe , that the Balanoe Sheet contains no item of a single farthing in connection with the defence of Fbarcus
O'OoIihor , Wixluk Hitf , or the Messrs . Scholktiem > . Each of these parties paid his own costs ; and they amounted to no inconsiderable sum . Of Mr . O'Connor ' s actual loss and cost , an idea . and but a very faint one , may bo formed from the information given in his , letter . Of our own costs we say nothing . Mr . Schollfield ' s we know co have considerably exceeded a- huaUred pounds—hard money paid down , besides tha enormous loss to him and to tho public involved iu thersacrifice of his valuable time—every moment of his waki'ig hours b .. ' ii !^ < empi .-J professionally ; fe rtat part of v . hich txtrup > s \\ u . . vx utouc usicng
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the poor . This excellent and truly philanthropic patriot wasmost unfairly dragged into " the mess " , without any participation of his own , and sacrificed to the tune of this terrible loss by parties who now give out that he has " made a good thing of it . " We take , therefore , this opportunity of doing an act of justice dna to Mr . Soholepild ; stating what we know to be the real facts of the matter . Not one farthing of public funds has been appropriated to the defence of Mr . Scholefield or . hia son . He has not in any way received one farthing from the pub | lio , properly so called . While Mr . S . was in the New Bailey Prison , a few private friends , members of his own Church and
congregation , projected a subscription of their own ; they got up a tea party at the Church—the proceeds of which , together with other subscriptioas from individual friends , they presented to him , less as a help for his expences than as a mark of their personal esteem and a testimony of their gratification at the successful issue of the ! struggle in which he had ; been so unnecessarily involved ; the amount of this subscription was about J £ 30 , which is all the aid that Mr . S has had towards the heavy costs and losses which he has endured .
We trust that he w ill forgive this unauthorised public mention ] of the facts within our own know , ledge . We thought it no more than right not only to him , but all parties , that the people who nave heard of his " making a good thing of it" should know of them . Let not the people however suppose that this Balance Sheet , or indeed that all the costs o f defending all ihe prisoners , cover half a tithe of what the people have been robbed of by this transaction . We must remember tbat the people pay for prosecutions as well as for defence ; and the cost ! of these we have no means
of correctly ascertaining . The Special Commission was £ 7 , 013 18 j . Id . This alone , without saying anything of Lancaster or the Queen ' s Beach parts of the business , ' which would be still more heavy . Probably the amount of money wasted by the Government in this prosecution will exceed £ 20 , 000 . To this must be added the amount lost iu labour , in the comfort of rained families , and ia the derangement of all the affairs of society ; which is beyond estimate . When the people consider that all this was cheerfully spent on the forlorn hope of crushing the Charter agitation , they will be able to form Borne estimate of their own value , and to estimate also , at something like their own worth , the reckless , mouthing bull-frogs , who would risk all upon the hazard of a die "; and ,
when they have " thrown" the die , and lost ' —run away from the ! payment of their ovra ghara of the demands of fortune in a losing game ! Let the people rest perfectly assured that their cause is never safe in such hands ; and let them beware how they again trust it in them . Had the sober advice , of those who looked before them , been taken , instead of the wild ravings of mad fools , or worse , all this expenditure of money , suffering , and privation , and the most serious blow that our cause has had for years , would have been entirely avoided . It is some consolation , however , to see that , now , when the mischief has been done , the eyes of some are being opened ; we have always hopes of a man who ib willing to profit by experience :
and hence we derived some pleasure from the sorrowful letter of Mr . John Leach , of Hyde , inserted in our present number . John Leach was among the foremost of the deluded , and he has seen his folly , and has jthe manliness Fairly to acknowledge it . This is as it should be , and sets a man in his true position . There is no man whose judgement is infallible ; and hence he is the wisest man who is willing to profit by experience . jThe experience of John Leach has been somewhat rough ; and we have no doubt that it has done him good . We sincerely trust that his feeling and manly appeal for the restoration of his f amily will be responded to with true Chartist feeling ; and that he will learn practically that the people love a warm hearted and frank hearted man .
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Mt Dear Friends , —I wish I could get a few weeks made up of Sundays and Mondays ; I could then perhaps accommodate you all ; but as I know of no means whereby to compass this , I can only suggest to you , as the next best thing , that we should try to make the most and the best . of the weeks and the days a 9 they are . It is clear that I cannot be everywhere on Sunday , nor every where on Monday ; nor can I permit the other days to remain unoccupied . I shall suit myself to your convenience as nearly as circumstances will permit ; aud I must entreat that where we cannot mould
circumstances to jour wish , you will aid me to govern them to our purpose . I shall , if it may please God , be at Bel per on Friday the 14 th , and shall address the people on the present state and prospects of Chartism , at halfpast seven in the evening , at the Leopard Inn , Bridge-street . I had been given to understand that Saturday evening would suit my Derby Friends ; they now write me tbat
it will not suit them , which I regret much , as it will lose me a day . On Sunday , tbe 16 th , I preach twice at Loughborough ; afternoon and evening ; and ! , on Monday evening , I address the people of Loughborough on the present state and prospects of Chartism . On Tuesday , the I 8 th , I address the people of Derby ; and on Wednesday , the 19 th , I proceed to Nottingham . On Thursday the 20 th , I attend the tea party and festival of my good friends at Arnold . On Friday , the 21 st , I visit my good friends of Sutton-in-Ashfield , which , being within three miles must Berve also for Mansfield ; I
cannot give a day to each . On Sunday , the 23 rd , I hope to be with my own little fl <> ck at Hull ; and on Monday , the 24 tb , to address tbe people of Sheffield . I The Newcastle friends write that " they must have me on a Sunday , I will try to accommodate them 5 but this will oompel me to take their district on my return from Scotland , instead of on my way there . I shall now , therefore , take steamboat , if all be well , from Hull to Leith . on Wednesday , the 2 nd of August . This , I suppose , pill land me in Leith some time on Friday , the 4 th ; so that I shall just have time to recover tho jqueerness of my stomach and get
myBelf into working order for my Edinburgh friends on Sunday . My further movements in Scotland I shall endeavour to ! advertise precisely next week , so that my friends in each town shall have full notice of the exact kay when I can be w « th them ; while at the same time , it must be always borne in mind , that I accep ^ t the invitations of my friends only on condition that they take me "with all my imperfections on roy head . " They , of course , do not expect ranting declamation from mo ; whoever does will be disappointed . !; I have neither taste nor strength for it . I am-noloiig-jpyindcd orator : I have not physical power to niako Jo . i- speeches nor to speak out '
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of doors : and my general health Is bo precarious , that I can seldom calculate from one day to another upon my ability to do anything : I may sometimes seem moderately well one day and the next be unable to leave my room ; and sometimes even a few hours will make all this difference 1 * 0 my state . Hence , therefore , my friends , at any particular plaoewhomay expect me , must neither be angry nor surprised if I should disappoint them . I pro * mise them that nothing but such physical suffering as may totally incapacitate me shall cause any such occurrence . I hope to be able to attend every appointment punctually , bat I cannot promise to over * come nature nor to withstand sickness .
It is not necessary for me to say more now . In my letter published in the Star of May 20 th the people have the expression of my mind ; I have not changed since then ; nor am I likely to do so . I am , my dear Friends , Your faithful Friend and Servant , William Hill . Leeds , July 6 tb , 1843 .
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Calvinus MrsoR . —We cannot advise him . The Act he speaks of * ve never saw . It is , therefore ^ impossible for us to say whether the official has or has not power to act as he has done , and divert the pension to other parlies on the grounds stated ' Ma . W . CoOpeb , of' Weldon , near Wandsford , a small benighted agricultural village in North ' amptonshire , desires us to say that he is much obliged to Mr . James Cash , of Knutsford , and other friends , for their presents ef Northern Star newspapers . They will be of essential service ; and he has a strong desire io get the Star into the hands of the agricultural labourers ,
that they , too , may know the cause of the grinding poverty to which THE THING has sub ' jected them ; and jam with their brethren in the manufacturing districts to bring about a better state of things , when the labourer will be deemed to be worthy of his hire , and have the privilege to receive and ENJOY-ft : that hire 6 eingt * -he that produceth shall be FIRST PARTAKER of the fruits . " Poor Law at Warbingtow . —We have received a communication from some one at Warrington , signed " Washington , " detailing some atrocious a ts of Poor Law tyranny , whieh he avers to have taken place in the workhouse at that place . We cannot believe his statements . The whole thing appears to be a hoax ; cunningly got up by
som ^ of our good "friends" to get us again wilhxn the meshes of the law" for libel on the Poor Law authorities" The letter is written by a not vtry good pvnmanisl ' , but the facts he details are so improbable , and yet so cold ' lloodedly atrocious , that we cannot credit them . Will any of our friends at Warrington advise us as to the manner in which the Poor Law is " administered" in Warrington Workhouse t Has the " master" died lately ? and have there been any floggings ofyouug females ? The tetter in question avers that such' is the ease : but we repeat that we do not believe the story . We fear the whole thing is an attempt to entrap us , The letter we shall preserve . Wm . Gresty anb John Murray . —We have received
from these parties an address purporting to tssue from Carpenters' Hall , Manchester , calling upon the Chartist body to assist a late prominent character in the Chartist movement , who is now supposed to be out of the country . . They state that he is in great need ; and that they have voted for him £ ifrom their own funds * and collected - £ 2 after their evening ' s lecture for him . We rejoice to seea spirit of liberality manifested by Chartists ; but we think the Chartists of Afyn-Chester might have found more blameless objects for its exercise without travelling so far . We publish this week a balance-sheet of the expenses of the trial which was entirely brought about by the recklessness of the party for whom our
correspondents evince so warm an interest . That balance sheet does not exhibit a tithe of the actual cost to the Chartists and public generally of that affair ; while it takes no cognisance whatever of the scores of ruined families occasioned by it . We think some of these have some claim on the sympathies of the Manchester Chartists . We this week publish a letter from one who was left without the means of getting up to London to meet the judgment in the case , and who pawned his , toolchest sooner than be branded as a skulker ; while the . party who seems to engross the sympathising affections of our correspondents meanly shrunk from sharing the risks into which he had dragged better men . That poor fellow's tool chest is still in pawn ; and it would , in our opinion , have
been a more legitimate application of their sympathies if the Carpenters' Hall Charlists had devoted some of their money toils redemption . We have another letter from a victim to the same recklessness , whose wife and family are consequently in a bastile . Why are they not Jit subjects for Manchester sympathy ? And why does not the party for whom this appeal is made , go to his profession and earn his own living ? Why should an educated man consent to hang meanly on the skirls of a half famished people , with Ihe world before him for the exercise of his own talents and industry , and safe from any fear of further consequences from hisfoUy ? Any man with a spark of manly feeling , rather than condescend to hang himself upon the people under such circumstances , would sootier hang himself
upon a tree . HoLMFrRTH . —To Lecturers . —All letters , for the future , must be directed , post paid , to Joseph Clegg , boot and shoemaker , South-lane , Holmfirth -, The Holmfirth Chartists are anxious that Mr . O'Connor should visit them at his first
conve-. Hull Chartists . —All communications must be ad \ adressed to Mr . Wm . Smith , 8 , West-street-courl t West-street . City Chartists . —The announcement of a concert at Turwagain-lane is an advertisement . Mr . Seed , Worsted Inspector , of Halifax , denies having had any hand or part in the apprehension or examination of Mrs . Lassey and her daughter when proceeding homewards with a warp and weft in a " piece poke , " as detailed in a paragraph in our last . It seems that there are two worsted inspectors in Halifax : perhaps our correspondent has been mistaken in the name .
Will he explain ? Sosanna Inge has sent us a long letter to say that she " very much questions the propriety or right of Mr . O'Connor to name or suggest to the people , through the medium of the " Star , " any person to fill any office whatever . It is not according to her ideas of democracy . " We dare say Miss Inge is greatly in love with her own ideas of democracy ; and so she ought , for we fancy they will suit nobody else . A democracy which , questions the right of any man to name or suggest what he thinks may be for the general good , is a very queer kind of democracy . Miss Inge thinks the people wou'd sooner elect a man on Mr . 0 Connor ' s recommendation than on , their
own judgment . We uo not think them quite such fonls . Wingate Grange Coltieqy . —We have received a letter from Thomas Weddleh respecting the conduct of one of the viewers" a pit in that locality . It seems that the pit in question is fitted up with a wire rope , which the men deem unsafe to trust their lives upon . The matter has been before the magistrates twice ; both times on the application of the muster , for " taw" on the men for refusing to work . The first lime two men were committed : the second time the case was discharged on the understanding that the rope in question should he te 3 ted with twenty tons weight . This trst has not been applied . Some ei « ht ton ? have been suspended on it ; and
our correspondent avers that it caused the rope to split . Still it was not removed ; but the demand is made that the men resume work with it ini's present state . The men . having had their fears strengthened by the impeifect and partialtest applied , refuse to comply with the requirement ; and warrants have been issued to bring three of them before the magistrates at Castle Eden . The men have also appealed to the magistrates for protection . Three several times have they applied for summonses against their employers for waves or compensation , they allege to be due to them , in consequence of the pit being in an unfit state for work , because of the imminent danger to life . T / iese applications have been refused .
Our correspondent also desires to acknowledge the receipt of the following sums , in answer io an appeal for aid to enable the question to be tried : — "Coxhoe Colliery . £ 1 ( thiscoUiery < had only 18 * . lOd . in their fund , but made out the above sum : they had a trial themselves on Saturday last , and defeated their employers . <; South Wingate , £ 1 Is . lOid . ; Belmoht , fo . Id . ; Haswell , £ \; RaintonXlt . M . ; NewhoUk , 7 s . 0 &d ; Shine ? Row . 3 ? . 6 £ rf , y Maorsley , 9 s . ; Shincbff , 5 * . 8 K ; Shotton , 12 v . Id . ; Pittington , 10 * ; SherburnHilt , 6 s . ' . New Durham J 9 * ' . Pelton
Fell . 4 « . ; from two friemis , 2 s . 6 d . ; Hentm , £ h ' and Lnmley Coliery , 10 s .: making a total sum of £ 9 4 s . ' 7 d , collected on Monday evening . Should any of the colliers in Yorkshire , or elsewhere , think proper to lend their support , it will be gratefully received by Michael John Bar *' house , Wingate G-range Colliery * Durham , and duly acknowledged in the ^ Ssar . " Radical KtpyKJHs . R writes , advising the people to have no cniu-ern at e j ections , or otl'erwise . wttn any of the factions ; to stand perfectly aloof from any man vh- > is n-U pledged to Untvir .-a ! Suffriii , ! - ; tni ' t ?!¦ I 1 n ir i-If . their IMtiCy VI <^ tf ftf ?" merit at reoitC radon fees .
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I MR . O'CONNOR'S FARMING WORK . The first number of this work has made its appearance , and will be read with universal avidity . It is but " an opening '' of the subject—a glimpse , just to show its fastness ; but it points as an index to a " dealing with the matter" which will set at rest all tbe yelpers and prosera who have hitherto bespattered it . In fan elaborate introduction , he " lays the axe to the root" of the system now in vogue , both agricultural and
manufacturing in such style as he only can ., He then opens his work , not as a treatise on Small Farms exclusively ,, but as a general work of Agricultural Science ! which may serve equally as a text book for the small farmer or the large , tbe labourer , or the , capitalist employing labourers . The chapter upon Kents , alone , is worth ail the books upon Agricultural Science ever before published .
To The People On My Respective Lecturing Tours.
TO THE PEOPLE ON MY RESPECTIVE LECTURING TOURS .
Sto Z&Ee&Tv0 Ant* ≪Gorttt££0tt&Cntg.
STo Z&ee&tv 0 ant * < gorttt ££ 0 tt&cntg .
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4 THE KORTHBRN STAR . j
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 8, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct658/page/4/
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