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-? §of?ri>.
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3?mvm'al $arlfam*ttk
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MARKET INTELLIGENCE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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ODE TO £ E 2 TETOLE 2 f CB . CEixsiJ . il . maid , lo snowy rest , "With tearful sye , and throbbing breast , O fnead of man , indulgent po"w % Conflnctmeto thy sacred boWrwhere the pure Loves thy influence share , Ambrosial sweets perfnme tire JUT . . Awl tnwitipg stiins « £ music "wild ) nSro * the deep staBaaa glian ^ Bald , On the eax enraptar'd steal , jknd aianieless ecstades reveal j Waking the harmonies of mind , WWtJi TnuTi toanaoao sireetly bind ; Those fine accords , mysterious ties , Tbe feeling heaxt ' a blest
sympathies—Tell me ihs place , enehantrea tell , Where chief &n tafcWLdelight to dwell . In rani . search &e a&rfc retreat , * Wiere « ij > e » fiti < m * ea » : faer seat j Snni in the Convent ' s dismal cell , "Where ascetics alaggiih dwelt—Amirl "whose damp and cheerless gloom , Its "victims ruthless pride entomb , "With breaking beart and streaming eyes , "Where each sad night some vestal Eghe , Tom fromtheyontiihcrsonl held dear : Can Nature ' s { Sod condemn the tear ? 2 u -rain I jBeaxcii the lonely shade , "Where A-ncborite iris cave Hathmade ; And Bolituda , in cypress vest ,
Consumes the hours in selfisih rest Thou , O 2 social nymph , I -ween , In busy life are ofVneat seen ; . And yet in Tain © n thee I call In giddy pleasure ' s featiTshaO . More ^ ainlyisfilLI hail Siy same Thro * thecrb-ffded courts of fame ; "Where Ambition's fiery eye 3 f e ' er drops a tear on misery ; But tyranny , in blood-stained vest , — "While fiercer torments rack his breast Than those Mb Trretched -victims feel , Stretch on ; a » lort * rlBg bed of steel , Proclaims aload the fearrM wax . See . iow ibe monster snags afar
The smoaiing blood of slaughtered heap And & > the frantic ¦ widowweeps , - ¦ WitturaTagej ^ y he drinks her tears—Serenes are music in Ms ears . Where war his bloody standard Tears , In Tain thy gentle form appears . Then frem the palace let me hie , And swift-with tbee , sweet virgin , fly IEo some lone cet , -whsiB poverty Despairing sits -wife hopeless eye . O ! Goddess , haste to Edn ' s land , There deign ib iake iky hallo w'd stand . OI letihy soothing spirit heal Themis ! ries irhichier people feeL Lot from his helpless chfldjeatom ,
Thprr sola support , thair JEaebter borne Par , far from his native land ; . Parsed by oppression ' s iron hand , 3 to-wander onlba -wintry -waTeI Bis crime?—HeTrocldnotl > e a Blare . Hold , OI hold that niffian hand 2 See , it prepares the horrid brand J Alas ! theSamea already spread , And , O ! consume the Inmble shed" Where misery alone could find A shelter from the piercing -wind ; And ha , -whose labour fed that pride , "Which now Ms Enffrings can deride ; -Forlorn , and destitute muat zosm , "Wilhont a Mend , TriShoni a liome—His all destroyed ! -what ! nothing save
O ? noi—He could not be a slave . Ha ! "whencecomes thai dying ^ noan ; 01 -whence that agonizing groan ! ^ SSs 2 i atnre > parting pang I—He dies—A mangled , lifeless corse he lies—An aged parents fbsfring hope , An sgBd jarpnfe only prop 1 2 f » icd , fE » ffn <» j > 1 p >» J ie -was slain Syszsiedsoldisa } 02 foul stain ? Oppresaon mark'dhinifor the grave—His crime ?—He conld cot be sjslava . O : Goddess haste to Erin * B land , There deign to take thy haUoWd stand , 02 let thy soothing spirit heal Themis ' rits -iThifhher people feeL 2 . Twm The Pkess , ax Jr 2 s& newspaper , suppressed by Bmemmad . to carry *• Uhios . "
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S 05 & OF THE HAYMAKERS . 3 HB aoonfide is hot , snd our foreheads are brown , Ova palms are ssD shining a&dhsrd ; Bjgfcidosels our voxi with the iraba snd the feri , And'bnt pooriB onr daily xewsxd . But there's Joy id the sunshine , and mirth in the " lari jQisl dfcims "whMling a-way over head ; Our spirits are light , though onr » frtn » may be dxrk , And there ' s peace -with onr meal of brown bread . "We cftrell in the meadows , * we toil on the soa , Ba a-way from ibe city ' s dull glcom j Anainorejaaiyare-wBjtiMnigbiBiEgeTPeinay be , Than the pale faces over the loom , Tien 3 > song and a cheer , fee the botme green stedt Climbing np to the sun TrideandMgb /; Por the pitchers , and rakers , and merry haymakers , » -n 3 t ^ oVym ^ fnT yfflgnTTiTnfTyVy
Comefortii , genfle ladies—come forth , dainty airs , And lend us your presence awhile ; 5 " cur garments -wiRgatker no slain fiom the bars , And a freckle wont tarnish your smile . Our carpets more soil for yonr delicate feet Than the pile < j £ : $ gbx vtlTeted noor j And the air of onr balm swarth is fnraly as sweet As the perfume of Arabia ' s shore . Come forth , noble masters , come forth to the field , 'Where freshness snd health may be found ; "Where the -srind-rotra are spread for the imttexflie * , And the eloTHr-bloom falleth aronnd . Then a song zvnft a , fhp&r for she bonnie green g ^ lf , CSmbiBgnp ^ o tbe saa -wide and hi ghs ? arfbepitchers , snd Takers , asdsoezry haymakers , And the beanSfnl Mid . ipmmer sky .
*» Hold fast r cries the ^ waggoner , londly and qnict , ! Ana then conies tte hearty " GFee- "wo »" Wnile ^ ke cnnniag ^ jlS tsssi-hoiaa manage to pick A sweet montfcfnl tomnnchras tijey go . The tainiy . fsced ciSdreu come round xis to plsyj And bravely they . Eeatter the heap ; 2311 the finiest one , aB cntspent"with ihe fan , Is rarlpd np -with the sheep-dog , asleep . tM agestteth-doim en the haycock ' s f ^ r crown , At "tha cl&sa of oarlabonring day ; Ana-wishes his life , Bkathe irass at his'leet , 2 fay be pnreatits " passjug away . " Theaa aonganaai 3 » eT for the benrae green slack , OhnbiBg np to the son wide and high ; For the pitchers , and raters , and merry iaymatera , And flie btamlfnl Midsmnmer sky . Ei-iza Cook .
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CA I 3 SU 2 . —A Modees Jack Sheeeabd—Dabisg £ sciPE ttos Cxbusls Gaol . — Kotwith-SaDding the excellent -arraEganeBts of our county ? aol , "Rp hare to Teeordthe escape of a prisoner from ^ ani t 3 -sra 31 s ; bnt it was the resnli of sm adyentoeso perilons in itself , and aeeemplished yo& sach ErnaoTdinary daring , that Tre may safely say it was a escape TOueh no posable for ^^ ht * onld preTenk ¦ aJ thnecent &xIMe sessions , a lad named Xaiy-JgiceDoogan , uRas Joseph Hajnes , Tfhosrasonlj *™ ea jears of age , -was convicted on an indictment «* r £ fce&fing seTeral alver spoons , the properly ^ of « r . Isaac Scott , of WoikiBgton . Bi 3 case excited « ffladerable attendon frcm the Jacl £ hat he -was
* ae of a fennlj of thieve of -whieh , no less thanihree , ^ b conricted at iae last Eesions . Gn the trial it Wjsshejrn that LaHieace Doogxa isd been pre-^^ J = convicted and imprisoned for theft some jrars ago ; and he was therefore sentenced to tranB-^^ a for -seven years . The earnest entreaties i ***\ Jor ainitigafion of iis punishment , joined Ms ^ i ^ aa 7 raised 5 n the « eart , apparenily by ^ « J « ions , -srieo the sentence was snnonnceds r ™** Srate a semafion at the time . ' After Ms g ^» 5 ifi- was JasxiEnal subjected to haraiabonr r " Me 5 aoi 5 bnt fihibijiDg svmptoms -of catarri , H ^ Enbsegnenfly placed in the hoEpiial , and a ^ f ^^ pnt npoalds chesL At night , 3 aowever , f e eoninved to make ins escape from the homtaL tbe && bj of
^ n lofty jneans a leaden -rater We , and iavin £ tJinBieached ihe leadsie ecaped 5 [« ierooft ] f ihe Crown Conxt , lnsTonle being dearly naceable , nnfil le dropped into tie shrubbery be-| aa , opposite to Mx . Head ' s baaik . The difficnltiB ise iad to eneonntenrere most fonnidaile . The Mv onflet from the hospital is a -window "srith three P 2 DBS ^ . glass , hnt the cars of the sash are of" iron , and = &e space between ihem is barely six inches and aialf -wide , and only fifteen and a ialf inches x ?_? ¦* 0 I 1 ?^ DS 2 n aperture . so small , thai it seems a JHyseal ixnpossahifity for any human being , beyond *^ age of chfldhood , to force iimself thron ^ i it . -Uas Doogan contrired to do , bnt 3 jssnpposedle *? s , aBasted In ihe sStempi , by a deserter of ihe
fj Kd reganent , who was also in the hospital at the *^ - "Ibefeat , howCTEr , ^ s one of greif difficnlty , r ^ as he Brast have come ihroBjjb h » d foremost ? 13 a Barrel how he gained MsJeefc -mftont senons ^^ - Qnee ontade the lospital Mb -work "WM but ^ a , aibrmifiaile wall , of fill iwenty-eigbl feet ^ was to bB scaled j and this le eouW only ac-^ Phsh hy thetelp of » fi » a leadea " ?» tei ? ipe x ?* - nms up the waB fer twenty-fonr feet , and Spates 5 n a sort of Txfx . To cfimb this anst ^ SP ^ SOnetl extraoirdinaary ^ rCTgth said darajg ; r * £ Bea ie jreached . fte top of the pipe * wliae a ^™^» ox or ^ np , receives the lain ftom the leads !* «» onter ^ aii of the goal , it 3 s scarcely possible ^ ' ??^ T » low ie iaised iimself to his feet , othow ** » g 4 his first precarious footing . I ^ m the top
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of the pipe to the top cf the pcrspit * f the leaas is a disisace of foiiy ionr feet ; and ihe gunnonminsj thi 3 obstacle was the most i ^ riious fsa ^ t of the ^ -hc-le andertaknig—the slightest mistake nm 3 t have pracipitated the adventarfer to the boUca of the ysxd , and dashed him to pieces ; bnt it would appear that he reached it by a bold and vigorous spring , as the lead evidently bent under his feet , and one of the two nails by which it is attached to ikeWl was torn from its holding . It was a leap deciding life or death I but it succeeded 1 i and having gained a purchase for his arms , a strenuous effort placed him on the top ; the difficulty of this most have been much increased by the para . net being wide and rounded , instead of square . From the leads to the Court House the wav Is comp&ratirelv easy , but it
involved a dropping leap of nearly twenty feet from the leads of the Court House to the lower building and a further descent of still more from thence to the shrubbery , by both of which the lad must ; have been considerably shaken . It is a singular feature in his escape , that he did not take any blanket , 01 other means of helping himself , and although he must have left the hospital naked , he appears -to hare passed his clothing through the aperture and dressed himself afterwards , as his prison clothes are gone , and there are marks on the parapet , where the woollen part of his coat came away in his struggle to reach the top . A reward of £ 20 was immediately offered for his recapture , and the exertions ol ¦ the police axe unremitting ; but np to the time ol our going to press , no trace of the daring lad has been discovered . —Carftsie Patriot .
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— 1 * 0 Stsasebs are running from Hull to Hamburgh twice a-week . Uxxbcht . —It appears from the raport of the Estatei of the province of Utrecht , that the population amounted ozrthe 1 st of January , 2843 , to 147 , 515 souls . - ThbBtjssiaK iEMT being employed orithe St Peter * burgh and Moscow Hallway is now confirmed , so thai the line is likely totw prosecuted with vigour . The Belgian Ratlwat traffic for April , h 643 , 399 francs , £ 25 , 736 ; number of passengers , 783 , 277 ; goods * traffic , £ » , 279 . Ths E 33 > OKr of coal from Bristol has fallen from 3 , 614 tons in the year 1841 , to 2 , 481 tons in 1843 , oi nearly one-half ! - It is assertep that the Prussian Government has suggested to the states of the German confederation a central system of railway administration on the plan ol Zollvereln or Customs Union . '
As some persons were shooting at a mark near the village Pierrefitte ,. near St . Denli , lately , a ball struck a pebble on the ground , and , rebounding , penetrated ihe left breast of a young girl of eighteen , standing st some distance , and killed her instantaneously . : P 0 ST 3 Iastbbs lending newspapers , -which jass through their hands , for the purpose of being read , if proved to the satisfaction of the Postmaster-General , will be dismissed . . Shocking . —A man named FizgeraJd -was committed from Worship-street , on % charge of selling , for prime Xtarset batter , a pan of cart grease , covered over on the top with a coating of the genuine article . Several persons have by this means beenjiinposed upon . ; Os six , that Sir B . Peel has intimated to the Bishop of London the settled detsrnrinatian of Government to put down the Posey movement , and that we shall shortly -hear of the supersedeas-ing of Bishops as well aa MaViitrates . :
Moss Bead Wxight .. "— An order in Council has just been made , under which thirty pursers are to be permitted to retire oh the half-pay of 8 s- 6 d- per diem . The Board of Admirality win select those whose qualifications come up to the rule laid down by their Lordships . The increased half-pay commenced from the 1 st of July . "Fbsb Boss Bkitoss . " —Fi-ro men were committed from Lambeth-street to the House of Correction , far refusing to do the work required of them by the Board oi Guardians of the Stepney Union . They com * plained bitterly of being allowed nothing for breakfast but dry bread , being kept at woik grinding glass till so late an hour in the day that it was impossible to get to any work out of the union house .
Bad News fob the Ibos TBAUE .--The Courtier de Lyon states that water-pipes made of thiek glass , covered with a coating of bitumen , and made to insert into each other with bitumen joints , are being manufac tured at Rive-de-Gier . These pipes will , it is asserted , bear a higher degree of pressure than those of cast iron , and are 30 per cent cheaper SjsgbXab Fact . —At the Burgess Hill station , near Nottingham , a nest , filled with young birds wi the water-wsg-taD kind ) was discovered under the rail orez which the traffic is daily passing , and it is somewhat extraordinary that neither the old birds nor the young ones take any alarm at the engine and carriages thundering over them . Since it was discovered , it has bee-j placed under the especial care of the policenan of that station .
> -CMBEB OP NETYSFiPEBS AT PBESEK 3 PTBUSBLED in D 3 FFEBEST PABTS OF THE WOBXD . — In Spain there are twelve newspapers ; in Portugal , seventeen ; in Switzsrland , thirty-six ; in Russia and Poland , ^ hty-fonr ; Is Holland , 150 ; iu Great Britain , neatly 30 » i in Prassia , 2 S 3 ; in toe other Germanic States , 305 ; in Australia , nine ; in Asia , twenty-seven in Africa , twelve ; in America , 1 , 138 . The total number cf newspapers published in Europe is 2 , 148 . - At-Usi 5 A , in Friule , a poor man suffering under the sgoniEiBg torture of hydrophobia , was cured with draughts © r vinegar given him fey mistiie , instead of another potien . A physician at Padua got intelligence of this event , and tried the same remedy upon a patient st the hospital , administering a paund of vinegar in the morning , another at noon , and % third at sunset , and the man was speedily and perfectly cured .
Ruiwa" ! Tbatfic . —The fallowing iBacilculation of the weekly returns of forty-one railways 1 , 51 » miles in length : —Number of passengers on twenty-six railways , 367 , 626 , consequently the total for the week must be above 500 , 800 . The receipts for passengers for fortyone railways , £ 78 , 860 Is . l » d .: ditto for goods on thnty- « x raSwaja , ^ £ 22 , 451 7 b . Id . ; £ 101 , 311 98 . 64 This la an average of £ 8 $% per mile per week . The traffic , therefore , is certainly at the rate of about four millions and a half a year , and carrying twenty millions of passengers .
Exz&AoiOHKAET Fish . —A man , named Hawiry , ; who was trolling a short time since in the Thames , ' at C 3 ewer , near Windsor , hooked one of the largest ; , pikes ever caught in the river ; and , after skilfully ** playing ** with the pike for upwards of an hour and a " half , he at length landed it safely on the bank , but not without considerable difficulty , being alone , and unprovided with so necessary an aid as a landing gaft This enormous fish , which has just been stuffed as a great curiosity , weighed Howards of 30 Ybs , and is three feet seven inches and a half in length I Mr . Mills , banker , of Lombard-street , who was ' spinning" in the Thames , from a punt , on Saturday hist , caught , in the conrse of the afternoon , between Windsor and Datchet bridges , three splendid trout , in beautiful condition , which weighed upwards of 25 ibs . A barbel was also hooked , and landed , near Datchet , two feet ten inches long , and weighing 24 lb 3 .
Exibaobiiisaxy Lobster . —A lobster was purchased at Billingsgate last week which measured is length two feet fire inches and a half—the size of the body was sixteen inches , and the claws measured npward 3 of fourteen inches . Altogether it was the handsomest specimen of the kind ever exhibited in BHIinssgate market . A Fatal Legact . —An inquest was held on Saturday at the Csprain Cook , Marman-street , Commercial-road , before Mr . Baker , on the body of Frederick BentlCT , * ged 30 . Deceased had been a publican
and having had a considerable sum left him by a relation , gave up business with the intention of living privately . Since he got possession of the property , he had not , the witnesses said , been sober for s single day , bat filled his pockets frith money and treated indiscriminately all he met . Thursday morning he was seen leaning against & house in Back-road , St . George's , bleeding from file nose and mouth . He was men intoxicated , and said as well as he could that he thought he had broken a blood-veseel . He was taken to a surgery , where attempts were made to administer medicine but without success
and he was conveyed home , but before entering the house he expired . A surgeon said that a continued course of drunkenness , and consequently great excitement , was the cause of the rupture of the vessel from which he died . Yerdict—^ Died from the bursting of a blood-ves 3 el caused by excessive drinking . ** A Sisgttlab Phekosesob appeared in the harbour ef Valetta , at Malta , lately , the water suddenly rising to the height of three feet , and overflowing the works of the new dry dock ; it almost immediately fell five feet and a half ; during this period a very Btre-Bg cHTTent was rnnniae ont of the harbour , which the boatmen could scarcely stem . It is supposed this circumstance must have occurred through some earthquake at a remote distance .
The hamb of ihb Penitentiary at Mfllbank has been changed to MiHians Prison , and placed nude ? the superintendence of inspectors . The practice of visiting justices has been discontinued , and magistrates have new no power over the internal management of the place . These alterations have been effected by an Act which came into operation on the 27 th nltM entitled , " An Act for regulating the Prison at Hillb&nk . " Esglbh Law a Gbkai Kespecteb oh Pebsors . —On Wednesday Sir Thomas Phillipps , Bart ., of
Middle BUI , near Broadway , late Mayor or . Newport , Monmouthshire , was indicted at our County Sessions , in conjunction with two persons named Faulkner and Fletcher , for misdemeanour , in assaulting one Thomas Cooper , a tax collector , in the execution of Ms dniy . Theofence was clearly substaiitaated against the principal , Sir Thomas Phillips , who was found guilty of a common assault , but the evidence against Faulkner and Fletcher was so slight that the Jury acquitted them . Sir Thomas PhiSipp 3 was punished by a fine of £ 10 , which of course was paid immediately ^ and there was an end of
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the f e . It vlilbeieen by tharrp-nt of t-ho trui . that . Sir Thenm was stated on tb * Peu < h v ? ith thr mafti-iratsa while it took pla ^ c , and that hi- ' codt e « dan'a eat wltu him ; that is , he vvas seated on the BeTich as a metnb r of the v « . rj Court which tried ^ him , tad , for all 'ihe means the pubHc havu of knowing to the contrary , might have voted in the division of magistrates which took place on tno qnestios whether hs should be fined £ 10 or £ aj . The fact o ? Sir Thomas Phillippa , appearing as he did in the character of a person against whom a Grana Jury had returned a ( true bill for misdemeanour in assaulting a Queen ' s officer , sitting on the Bench with his Judges , is a proof of the observation prefixed ia tae shana iof heading to this article , tfcat
English law is a great respector of persons . Had the Baronet and his i co-defendants been allowed to sit beside their counsel , it would have been the only concession which ought to have been extended to them , and which , according to any practise of the Court in cases where'persons of the belter olass are concerned , they coold possibly have expected , Bat we shall make the respect for persons more apparent by contrasting this case with the treatment ofwm . Gomm , a minwright ; who was indicted for an assault on a peace officer ati Kidderminster ,, the only draerence between his case and that of Sir Thomas Phillipps being that there were not the slightest grounds for the charge against Gomm , who , so far from havine committed anv assault on the policeman
appears to have Riven , him a very proper and well merited castigation for his interference in a matter which did not concern him ; an interference held by the Court to be out of the performance of bis duty , and which the Jury , ! by their instant verdict of not guilty , fully confirmed . But Gomm answered to his name in the prisoner ' s dock . He wasnot allowed to sit by the magistrates who were trying him , nor even beside the barrister who appeared on his behalf , thoogh ihe verdict of the Jury , pronounced clearly in accordance with the summing up of the Chairman , absolved Him of the charge against him . Sir Thomas Phillipps , accused and found guilty of assaulting sui officer of her Majestv ' B revenue in the execution bf his duty , riBes from the
magistrates' bench on which he sat during his trial , to receive sentence for the offence . The charge against Sir Thomas' Fhillipps , the baronet , and the charge against William Gomm , the working man , were of the ' same nature—the one was found guilty , the other purged of ail offence—yet the baronet , who was found guilty , was allowed to sit in the seat of honour in the midst » f his Judges , while the labouring man , who was declared guiltless , was made to hold up his hand in the felon ' s dock , and there await the verdict of the Jury . We think after this no one will be so hardy as to deny the truth of our text , that English law is a great respecter of persons . Sir ThoinasjPhilh ' pps was fined £ 10 for the offence of which ! be was convicted . The utter inadequacy of the punishment must be apparent to the least reflecting observer . What punishment is a fine of j £ 10 , levied on a person like Sir Thomas Phillipps ! Is it any punishment at all ! Cannot every
one of our readers call to mind cases where poor ignorant working people , not an educated and a learned , and by comparison wjtb them , certainly rich gentleman , have been sentenced to three months at the treadmill for assaulting police officers . Such things are of too frequent occurrence not to be in the recollection of all the public who pay the least attention to these matters . To fine a person of Sir Thomas Phillipps * station and means . £ 10 for assaulting a collector of taxes , —an officer , be it observed , of the Queen ' s Majesty and armed in that behalf with very summary powers , —is about equivalent to fining a poor labourer , who earns twelve or fourteen shillings a week by patient toil , sixpence for assaulting a policeman . But , if Jaw is to be equal for rich and poor , then calculating the poor labourer ' s fine at £ 5 for such an ioffence , the man of rank and fortune ought to pay j £ 5 D 0 , or in proportion to the ratio in which his means exceed those of the labourer .
Unless this be done , and we all very well know it ia not done , this system o f punishment by fine is as unequal and unjust , as it is to place one offender in the criminal dock , while another ib allowed to sit cheek by jowl with the very persons who are trying , and may be called on to sentence him . — Worcestershire CAro » fcfc . —[ Thi 8 said . Sir Thojias Phillips was Mayor of Newport , at the time of the Welsh outbreak ; and as such , he was extremely active in visiting ( upon John Fkost all the *• vengeance of the Jaw . " Ho received his * Sir " -shipfor his efforts on that occsthion . On a charge of making war on the Queen's person , in the person of her representatives , the troops , John Frost was sentenced to be
huxg and QUARTERED I and he had the cruel indignity inflicted upon him of being compelled to see the scaffold on which the inhuman butchery was iateitded tojbave been perpetrated , builded before his eyes . For making war ijpon the Queen ' s representative , the Inceme-tax collector , Sir Thomas Phillip s was fined £ 10 , while seated on the judgment seat ! Verily , a " namg * makes all the djff'renoe ! John Frost ' s offence was called ** treason , " and he was sent to horde among thieves and outcasts , after he had been treated as before detailed ; Sir Thomas Phillips ' s offence was catted an " assault : " and £ 10 satisfies cash-needing Justice ! How would Frost hare faxed , had he been a Sir" ? j
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LETTERS FROM THE MOUNTAINS . BEISO A SKUIES OF 1 KTTEBS * BOM AN OLD 51 AM IN THE COUNTRY , TO ATOUNO MAN IN DCBLIN . From "The Baanties of the 'Press : a selection of original Articles , Essays , 4 -c - » trftfeft originaliy appeared in ihe " PbeSS" nevespaper , established in Inland hy Arthur" O'Connor , after the forcible suppression of the Northern Star by ihe Government ] ' 1 ETTBE IV . Necessity is called the tyrant ' s plea . It must be worse than tjranny , that cannot plead even necessity . Can the present managers of our theatre of calamity plead necessity eb a justification of the horrors into whic& . | hey have plunged us?—No ; three
measuresconcession to the Catholie 3 ~ evt > n ihe shadow of a Parliamentary Reform—some amelioration in the condition of the peasantry : these would have fully pacified toe country , without impairing the just prerogatives of the crown , or destroying that vigour of government , of which some among us are such admirers . The Irish people were not prone to insurrection . The peasantry , in general , are an indolent , much-enduring race , sobirissive to their superiors , even to an excess of servility . The extremity of oppression and misery alone could destroy the implicit veneration and terror , with which they had been taught' to view rank and property —and to rouse them to violation of law , and to outrage on their task-masters , who , when they asked for bread , gave them a stona We shall be ' apt to think that the complaints of ihe people have some good foundation * when we consider Vbe parts of the kingdom
¦ which have been pointed out , and punished , as the chief seats of Bedition , the fountain head of disaffection . Are they not the most sober , industrious , and enlightened parts of the island ? What are the descriptions of people who have been marked ont for proscription and pmacution?—Not a CaicUine , nor a Celhegus—not the libertine populous ef luxurious capitals ; but the humble peasant , the plain farmer , the frugal manufacturer , tae sober rational merchant , and the pious teacher of the Christian faith . These are not the materials , let me tell the world , of which wanton rebellion is composed . They are great and crying grievances alone , that can call from their retirements the sous of ¦ sobriety , industry and peace . iand lead them to join the bands of disaffection . From these premises , I conclude that the occasions of severity , i the pretences foi superceding the law * were conrt « a by our present rulers .
Terror and coercion being introduced , as the principles of government , every part of society is filled with danger ssd suspicion—the circulation of thought is destroyed ; the intercourse of life is poisoned ; all expressions of the public wish , the surest guarantee against secret conspiracy , is unwisely prohibited . In one county , the gentry and freeholders , legally convened by the Sheriff to exercise the constitutional right ol petitionirg their Sovereign , were actually dispersed by an armed force . Meetings for a similar purpoBBlwere prevented in other counties , and in the second city of this country , by menaces of military execution . Government has adopted arbitrary imprisonment of the most peaceable and respectable individuals , for indefinite timts , and withont knowledge of their accuser , intimation of their offence , or hope of trial . If there can be any plausible reasons alledged for dispensing with some of the formalities of law in the arrestment of persons who axe supposed to be disaffected—none can ,
surely be offered for any wanton delay in the examination , according to the cource of law , of their guilt or innocence . It is to be feared that such conduct may terminate in the rendering of many penous disaffected , who were loyal previous to their commitment . An imprisonment for nine or ten months , on a charge unspecified and nnfous ^ ed , through the suggestion of a perjured and -villainous accuser , fished up from the very sink of the community -with all his Impnrities reeking on his head , -will not improve the loyalty and good temper of the sufferer . Can we wonder if men of warm tempers and strong resentment , who in ^ themselves or their near connections , are marked out as the objects of Bevere persecution , should be guilty of some rash and unguarded expressions ? Is it not to be feared that a continuance of rigour may suppress the outward form and expression of discontent , by the present influence of terror , out win leave a deep rooted disaffection secretly rankling in the mind ? ' ,
: We were led to hope that the system of espionage and proscription wuuld have been relaxed and mitigated , on a view of the dreadful and detested harvest of perjury it has produced . It'has been proved , not in one , or two , or a small number of instances ; but with » strange uniformity throngh every part of lie country , at the last and the preceding assizes , that an infamous traffic in blood prevailed . How many innocent and respectable persons , -who had ! been torn from their tomes , their honest iBdnsb 7 *< i « Ml their dearest connexions , and languished in dungeons for many months , have been acquitted on the clearest and most satisfactory evidence—and resigned their places in the dock to the very witnesses against them , who have been convicted of wilful and corrupt perjury—perjury of the blackest die—to destroy the lives and ebaractera of guiltless men , fox hire s What disgraceful scenes have
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bsen disfcloBttll what foul conspiracy I what int . ;; ii > pr > t ^ fhn ^ . of b ' ood r what evWec . ce extorted by t ' . extT - 'tiuty of torNrt : ! Ou ^ ht no * the n \ sht of alt this to hava spro-iuced some -cousWotkV . ou nnd compunction ? Plight it not to- - hn 7 e prodncad some cessation of that rigour above lavy , displaying itself in preventive persecution and catittonary cruelty ? Should not the bearer * of the iron jrod have inqttbed whether | the- ; fright of information and informers , which they had bought or manufactured , -with no small pains to themselves , and cost tothe puibib . was not a base and unprofitable kind of mercbanafca ? Ought they not to have supposed ft not only possible , but highly probable thafc j [ those respectable and virtuous persons -who have been singled out as martyrs in the cause of
freedom , and pteed weary months in severe captivity , may have been torn from their homes and families , from the enjoyment of domestic comfort and the pursuit of useful and laudable occupations , on the venal deposition of a forsworn informer , or the vague ' suggestion of weak credulity ? Th * recorded examples of artiBclal alarm and atml folly whieh were exhibiteii in England when a whole nation was the dupe , and * so many innocent people were the vtctima of the infamouB Oates and his vile accomplices ;—shall these be forgotten aa if they were erased from the page of history ? Who that recollectahow many perished by theit ' monstrous fictions , equally gjpss , ; Improbable and cijcttmBtantlai , could suppose it possible that such , tragedian could be repeated in a humane ind enlightened age ? ' Yet , houses have
been forced open in the dead hour of the night ; their owners have been hurried away with circumstances of uncommon eutrage ; they have not been allowed even the poor consolation of biddfng farewell to their -weeping families ; , 8 hey have been kept in filthy guard-rooms , amidst the noise and ribaldry of j common soldiers Some of the objects of these severities , after many days of suffering , have beea wholly discharged , or suffered to depart on their parole ^ others have been detained whole months ' and then reluctantly liberated , though their innocence was apparent As the imprisonments were without mercy , so the release * were without clemency ; and nkw arrests so closely followed them , that one might Buppose the former captives had beea discharged only through want of house room in the bastlle of the country . i :
I cannot pass unnoticed a singular kind of rocogni-Zinca , which was lately introduced , in some instances by which persons were obliged , as ihe condition of obtaining freedom , to bind themselves in a penal form to quit a certain district or cuunty . Tho only instance which I can find parallel , or lu any degree similar to tbiB curious device , is what was practiced in Scotland by the wicked and tyrannical Lauderdale . To engage the gentry on the side of the persecutors , a bond or contract was , by order of the PrivyiCounoil , tendered to the landholders of the West , by which they were to engage for the good behaviour of their tenants . But it mis ridiculous ( as Hume justly remarks ) to give sanction to laws by ; voluntary obligations .
The reign of Charles II . inglorious abroad , and oppressive at home , beats a striking analogy in many particulars , to the present times . Much of the history of what passed in Scotland at that period in particular , would appear with the mere variation of names , to be a faithful picture of what is now passing in Ireland . The Scottish Covenanters resembled the ITiiited Irishmen of the present day ; in their union , and their perseverance ; and they were , like them , decried , villified , and persecuted . Take' ( for instance ) thus extract .- " Aa it was found difficult to get evidence against these conventicles , however lumerous ; it was enacted , that whoever , being requited by the council , refused to give evidence
on oath , fchouldbe punished by arbitrary fines , by imprisonment , or by banishment to the plantations . Thus as persecution naturally , or rather necessarily adonis the iniquities as ( well as the rigours of the inquisition ; what a considerable part of the society consider as their duty and their honour , and that others are apt to legard with compassion and indulgence , can by no other expedient be subjected to such severe penalties , aa the natural setitiments of mankind appropriate only to the greatest crimes . " Hero the inquisitorial power of sending for persons and compelling them to give information under pain or arbitrary imprisonment , is bestowed in a much more dangerous latitude , on the single magistrate .
To what real cause or motive are we to ascribe the present system of severity ? To the overbearing Insolence of conscious strength , exulting over the feelings of the people , and despising their resentment , or tothe influence of secret tenor ? certain it is , that no passion is more cruel and sanguinary , thaii panic fear : be that as it may , the history of what passed in Scotland furnishes au example Of military coercion , perfectly similar to that which prevails in Ireland at this day . " Military force ( says Hume j was let loose by the council . Wherever the people bad generally forsaken the churches , the guards were quartered throughout the country . Sir James Turner commanded them , a man whose natural ferocity of temper , was often irSimed by the use of strong liquors . He went about and reeeived from the
clergy , lists of those who absented themselves from church , or were supposed to frequent conventicles . Without proof or legal coavicUon , he demanded & find from them , and quartered soldiers on the supposed delinquents , till he received payment" ( Now , indeed , instead , ef the supposed delinquents paying a fine , he is committed to pi-ison , or stint on board a tender . What do I say ? ihla Is mercy . ' Hia house is burned , and he Is shot ) . —Again— " A multitude not accustomed to discipline , averse to the restraint of laws , trained up in rapine and violence , were let loose amidst a people , wham th < y were taught to regard as enemies to their prince and to their religion . Nothing escaped their ravenous hands . By hardships , and sometimes by tortures , men were obliged to discover their concealed wealth . Neither age , uor sex , nor innocence afforded protection . " What was the end of all this in Scotland ? The long-suffering and firmness of the people prevailed .
Just so it ia in Ireland ; the soldiery are let loose on the people . What will be tha event ? ***—It is said that the United Irishmen , though they pretend only to a Reform in Parliament , are the secret friends of anarchy , and wish ; to make this country the seat of war . What is the remedy ? Twill not compare the military with the [ United Irishmen—I will not say , that they outrage the persons of his Majesty ' s liege subjects ; that they plunder and destroy their dwellings . Far ba it from me to say , that some of the Yeomanry assume , witli the garb and functions of the common soldier , a spirit of [ unprincipled ferocity , and breathe out rage that would disgrace a Crete or a Tartan . Yet cei tainly though we may give government all possible credit for good Intentions , toe country is in a state of uncommon misery . Every hour brings forward ' some tale of rapine , murder , and every hostile aggression ; sometimes perhaps against the disaffected , too often against the peaceable and unoffending .
The military having now supercedad the civil authority , and being invested with the whole preservation of internal order and care of the police in most parts of Ireland , they have ! thought fit to shew themselves worthy of the important eharge , by loyal addresses from the non-commissioned officers and privates of the different reglmet . ts . I will not intimate that Government may possibly be deceived by those-solicited , or even extorted adddr ^ sea , that fill the public prints at the expenca of the public , and are , bo doubt , accounted for among the army extraordiuaries , I will not even bint that tba addresses in question may , in many instances , have been obtained by a certain mixture of menace and blandishment—I will suppose them the spontaneous , untutored declaration of the men
themselves . Yet still I am of opinion , that to the obtaining of this loyalty on paoer , much of the solid discipline of the army has been sficrific . d . I bold it unwise to accustom large bodies of illiterate mercenaries , to debate on political affairs in arms . Britain , rich , ambitious , and luxurious , grasping at conquests beyond her means and population , and at the same time seeking to overawe the discontents of the people , by a nnliitary force at home , is obliged to ' imaintain u numerous host of mercenaries . The history of mankind tells us , that every «? overnment , every country , that wholly depends on a mercenary force , falls thelvictim of that which was hired to support it The navy of England has <> iven an alarming intimation of the dangers of b » r situation ; and I will venture to predict that the storms in that quarter are not fully overblown .
It is not by outrageous penalties and sanguinary laws , of a new constitutional form , that these perils may be averted . It is by securing the affections of the people , by attention to their { wants and complaints , by obtaining peace abroad , and rendering a numerous military force unnecessary , that these perils are to be averted . Believe me if the military are set above law—are invested with the whole ' civil authority , and police of the law—if they are , at the same time , freed from the restraints of discipline , and turned at large to scourge the people , they Eeed no corrupted . They corrupt themselves—they are already corrupted ;—they will soon turn the power ; and license , which ytera given them for the oppression of the people , against their employers , and tyrannise over those , who hop ? d , by their means , to tyrannise e » vet the multitude .
The mention of military force naturally leads me to the yeomanry of Irelund , wiiicb I still wish to consider as distinguished from } mere mercenaries . This institution was a favourite < ot the Yiceroy , and the Right Hon . Secretary . Part ] ot the Irish Cabinet , if I ara truly informed , apprehended it to be a dangerous experiment , and opposed it in its first concoction ; lut superior authority prevailed , and it went forward . What advantages ( yo , u will ask me . ) did the patrons of this measure , in their own private thoughts , propose to themselves * Their secret aim , as I apprehend , was twofold . In the first place , they meant to establish a smothered war , originating in a system of coercion , between the opulent arid the poor of thla coantry . In the next place , they wished to lay down a line of
demarcation , on plausible grounds , to introduce badges and ensign * of party , to raise a standard round which the adherents of the present Administration might rally—nay , more , to attach a degree of disgrace on all those who should refuse to crowd around tbiB standard , by exhibiting them as persons disaffected ; or cowardly , who were wanting to the defence of their country . There was much cunning and stability in the plan and in some measure it has succeeded , and contributed more t han an ; other cause , to strengthen the ; hands « f government , and to embolden it for the terrible agresriona against the people , and the grievous , intolerably grievous system of coercion which has been adopted . — I shall pursue this subject in a future letter—meanwhile believe me your sincere friend , MONXAHUS .
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Iijd also expressed his regret that Catholic emancipa H .= > n bad been granted- TVhat bad the CijVsiniuen done sJr . ce tnis agitation eomaienced ? Proposed ' . n Arras Bill , into which new and irritating provisif-na Were introdocect i and dissmisaed ma ^ istratefl on ground unconstitutional . These were the only &cisthey had performed ! Conciliation had not been exhausted ; bu as to the Repeal of the Union , all history was sub stantialiy opposed to the experiment of two indepen dent legislatures harmonizing . On fixity of tenure he would rather learn than teach ; but some of the plans which had been proposed were useless , and others were neither more nor less than confiscation . Bat they could manifest confidence in the Catholics by letting them ahare ia office and power ; even if those they appointed were somewhat opposed to them in politics , it was but a Bmall penance f os the long exclusion of the past * The
elective franchise was another matter for consideration . Aa to the Established Church of Ireland , he defied them to pick out , from the writings of any authority whatever , lut him be the stauchest supporter of establishments , anything which would justify the present condition of the Iruh Established Church . He would not destroy it : but , respecting ail vested rights , ha would reduce the establishment to the wants of the Protestants , and place the two religions on a footing of perfect equality . Why wag it , that under unfavorable circumstances tnera had been no agitation for a Repeal of the Union with Scotland?—a union which had been so complete and successful . * The secret lay ia the fact that the great Whig statesmen who surrounded the throne of Queen ANNS bad recognised the national religion of Scotland . A similar course with Ireland would have spared us to all our present embarrassment . . Bat it was not too late to adopt a conciliatory policy .
Sir James Graham , referring to the expressions which ha used ttiree weeks ago , expressed hia regret that anything , in word or manner , should have given offence . He did not regret the course he had taken on the subject ot Catholic Emancipation , and denied that the party with whom he acted bad any other feeling , in witnessing Catholies in office , than that of satiaf action . It waa mere word-catching to fasten on his expressions about conciliation : he did not mean to imply that concession could not be carried further .. Mr . Macaulay had converted the discussion into a party debate , although it related to so important a subject . He proceeded . to defend the Government with respect to the dismissal of magistrates , the franchise , the Arms Bill , and the bestowal of Government patronage—on
the latter head contending that their judicial appointments proceeded on professional merits . It was complained that "the voice of Irish Members was not heard in that House . " Such a statement was not consistent with the fact that some of the greatest ornaments of the House had bsen Irishmen , from Buike down to O'Connell and ShieL In a dull and listless way , the House scarcely maintaining attention , the Home Secretary touched on various topics , tending to show that Ireland had not been neglected by the Imperial Legislature ; and adverting to the opinions which had been expressed on the subject of the Church , said Mr . Roebuck would subvert it , that Mr . Ward , proceeding on the principle of population , would deprive the Protestant Establishment ef eeven-eights of its property , while Mr . Macanlay argued for perfect equality between the two religions , and Mr . Charles Wood and Irord John Rurseil were more modified . For himself , he could not consent to alienate any portion of
the revenues of the Church for the endowment of Roman Catholics—the damtainence of the Church waa involved in the articles of Union . He spoke the opinions of all his colleagues when he said they were determined to maintain the Establishment . The crisis waa important , and required plain speaking ; the Legislature must not hesitate -to express its determined resolution to maintain the Union ; au < l i £ the Government were to conduct the affairs of the country , it was essential that they should be strongly supported , and that their measures should meet no undue obstruction , If England was to maintain its position in the scale of nations , they mast be prepared to put down the rebellious , spirit manifested on the subject of the Repeal of the Union : to suffer it to go on , would drag this country into ruin . The adjournment of the debate w . is moved ; and after some discussion , in which Sir R . Peel promised to give way , on Monday , with Government businesss , in order to let the debate be contiunoualy carried on , cLe adjourn * ment was agreed to .
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Manchester Corn Mabket , Saturday , Jdiy 8 . —During the week a steady demand ior FJour of all descriptions has taken off the fresh supplies of this article on arrival , and , the trade being but light iu stock , factors were enabled to establish a further improvement in valuej particularly on choice marks and superfine whites , some quantity of the latter description having realized 41 s per sack . Oatmeal has likewise been in rather better request , but the sales were chiefly iu retail , and not extensive . The imports from Ireland and coastwise aro but to a moderate extent . From Canada 7 , 843 barrels of Flour , 316 barrels of Oatmeal , and 643 < jts . of Wheat
the first of the season , are reported ; and 500 barrels of Flour from the United States . The advance noied on Wheat in the leading markets hss had ha influence here , and we may raise our quotations 3 d to 4 d per 701 ba in accordance . At our market this morning ihere was a fair attendance of the trade , and Flour was readily disposed of at fully Is per sack above the rates obtainable on this day ee ' naigbt , confirming the price already noted as realized during the week . Oat ? continue scarce , and are Id to 2 d per 45 bs dearer , and the previous value of Oatmeal was firmly supported , eome descriptions having reached 22 s per load .
LivBRTdoh Corn Mabket , Monpat , Jtxly 10 . — Since this day se ' nnight we have had very moderate arrivals of British Grain , Flour and Oatmeal . From Canada there are reported 630 qrs of Wheat &nd 6 , 401 barrels of Flour , the first imports of the season from that quarter . On the whole the weather haa been favourable fot ? the crops . Advices , however , of higher prices both in London and the leading country markets , have given more firmness to tha trade here ; and , upon a fair amount of business , our rates for Wheat nave advanced generally 3 d to 4 d per bushel . Foreign Flour must also be noted fully Is per hrl higher ; 29 s 6 d to 30 s per bri has been paid
for best . bounds of American : home manufacture ha 3 nod improved in proportion . Scanty supplies of Oats continue to pat up their value ; fine Irish mealing have brought 2 s 7 d to 2 s 7 id per 45 lba . Oatmeal has met a fair demand at 2 ls to 22 s per load , ihe latter price paid for a parcel to hold over . We advance our quotations for Barley 3 d to 4 d per COlbs , and there is now very little offering . Beans are Is to 2 a , and PeaB 2 a to 3 s per qr dearer . A few hundred qrs of the latter have beea sold in bond at 253 to 273 per qr , and a couple of small parcels of Egyptian Beans and 16 s to 16 a 6 d per 480 fts . 1 , 000 to 2 , 000 brls of United States Flour have also changed haodg under look at 22 a to 23 s per bri .
Liverpool Cattle Market , Monday , Julv 10 . —The market to-aay haa been dull and heavy , with prices the " same as last week . Beef oil to 6 d . Mutton 5 d to 5 £ d , Lambs 5 ^ d to o ^ d pexlb . Number of Cattle : — Beasts 914 , oheep and Lambs 9 , 344 . Richmond ,. Jolt 8 th . —We had a fair supply of Grain in-our market to-day . Wheat sold from Gi 6 d to 7 s 3 d ; Oats , 2 s 9 dto 3 * 10 d ; Barley , 3 i 9 A to 4 s per bushel ; Beans , 3 s 9 d to 43 od par bushel . London Smuhfield Cattle Market , Monday , July 10 . —The demand for all kinds of Beef ruled extremely heavy , and the quotations suffered au abatement of quite 2 d per 8 ibs : the very highest
figure , for the best Scots and hamebreds , not exceeding 4 s per 81 bg . The numbers of Sheep brought forward were again extensive . Prime old Downs were very scarce , and commanded full currencies—or from 4 s to 4 a id per libs ; but the demand for all other kinds was inactive , at barely stationary prices . For Lambs , last week ' s quotations were hardly maintained . Calves at the late decline in price , the highest figure being 4 a 6 d per 81 bs , Neat small Porkers maintained their previous value , but other qualities were a mere dm ? . Baring the past Week no foreign beasts have reached Hull , Southampton , or London ; but the first importation has taken place at Bristol , where ten heifers have been received , in a sailing vessel , from Nantes .
London . Corn Exchange , Mask Lane , Monday , July 10 . —The demand for English Wheat waa very aotive , at an advance ia- the quotations obtained on Monday last of / ully 2 a per qr . In fine Foreign Wheat the rates improved from Is to 2 s per qr ; for bonded parcels there was more inquiry . Very littlo Barley was at market , and the few qualities offering produced full currencies . Good sound Malt Bold freely ; other kinds at late rates . Oats at last week ' s figures . Beass and Pt as were quite as dear . Tha beat town-made lour 483 per 2801 bs . Ship marks were 23 higher .
Bosoctgh and Spitalfields . —Old Potatoes are selling at 7 dtrto 95 a per ton ; but in other descriptiona next to nothing is doing . New Potatoes command a brisk sale , at from 3 s to 6 s per owfc . Foreign Potatoes are mostly inferior , ana may be puTchasod at from 2 a 6 d to 4 s per cwt . ^ Boroogh Hop Market . —The accounts which have come to haad , ibis morning , from the planta tions , being of an unfavourable character—aa increase of blight and fly . being complained of—the demand , for most , kinds of Hops , 13 firm , and the quotations have an upward tendency . In the duty , there is scarcely any betting .
Wool , Market . —There has been an nnnsnaJly large importation of wool into Londoflj during the past week . Nofurther public sales are yet announced still , by private contract , a very limited amount of business is passing both in BritiBh and Foreign , at barely late rates . Tallow . —The market continues very quiet , with but little disposition manifested to speculate . The quotation is ihe ssme as last week , but firm , from the circumstance that there is very little Tallow between London and St . Peteraburgh . Town TulOW is 39 s 6 d to 40 s .
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? HOUSE OF COMMONS . —Feiday , July 7 . Tbe Townshend Peerage Bill was read a third time and passed . j Two petions were presented from the shipowners of the ports of London and Scarborough , against the Coalwhippera Bill . | Mr . T . Dun combe presented a remonstrance from , the London National Association , complaining tbut the House of Commons did not represent thefeelingd of the country . j The Speaker intimated that a remonstrance could not be received , unless it came iu the form of a petition . | Mr . Di / NCOJIBE eaid he had referred to precedents , and found that a remonstrance could be received , if it concluded ¦ with a prayer . After a brief conversation ,
The Speaker said if the House would postpone the question , be would refer to precedents ; and the House adopted the suggestion . In answer to a question fro n Mr . Christie , the Member for Weymoutb , the Attorney-General said it was his intention to proceed with , the Law of Evidence Bill this session . j Sit 3 . Graham , in answer to a question from Mr . T . Buncombe relative to an intended measure for giving the home Secretary concurrent jurisdiction with the magistrates as to the authority over officers of prisons , said , in the course of the session he would introduce a Bill on the subject . I
Sir K . Peel , in reference to remarks made by Sir R . Ferguson abeut tbe Irish Bills , said it was a matter ef deep regret to him that legislation should be uaspended as regarded not only these B ils , but others , and he did uot know what power j tbe Government could exercise to put an end to this obstruction The Government had no control over the actions of individual Members . j Sir Jambs Graham said the Government were most anxious to pressa on the Eccl ' eaiastical Courts Bill ' and tbe County Courts Bill , but be ] could not say when they would again come under discussion . Sir R . Peel announced that on Monday it was bis intention to move the Committee on the Irish Arms Bill , and to take precedence of all others . The adjourned debate on the redress of grievances ( Ireland ) waa then resumed . The first speaker was Mr . Cochrane . " Conciliation , '' he said , waa the wisest , policy to adopt towards Ireland .
Mr . WARD complimented Mr . Cochranefor thokmdly spirit which prevaded his speech . But tbe formidable organization going on in Ireland was not to be put down by kind speeches ; neither were the grievances , alleged in the speech of Mr . Wj . S . O'Brien , to be met by such a reply as that or Iryrd Eliot's , on Tuesday night ; for the Secretary for Ireland , notwithstanding his humane and honourable character , treated the sub * Ject as if be were discussing thp details of a turnpike bill , and in deprecating the agitation , repeated official language with respect to Ireland of sixty years ago . Mr . O'Connell , who boasted of j having three provinces
with him , and a great portion M the north , was now chalking out his plan for a Congress to meet " accidentally" in Dublin , pledging his reputation that he will drive the 300 members of his " accidental" Congress through any Act of Parliament that might be brought against them . Something , therefore , the Government xnuat do . The spirit of nationality was now fur more difficult to be dealt with , seeing the popnlatiou of Ireland had increased from four ) millions to eight ; and to allay the mass of discontent , something practical should be attempted . The tenant must be protected from tha landlord ; the franchise must be enlarged ; the Church should be reduced within reasonable limits .
saving existing rights ; that Establishment was the great obstruction to peace and [ harmony between the two countries , and would continue so until Ireland was treated like England and Scotland , each of which had a church for the respective majorities . It waa impossible that Ireland could be left as it is ; you may adopt a reckless and sanguinary policy , resuscitate the old cry of " No Popery" from its unhallowed grave , and create a war of races and religious ; or a large and conciliatory policy , satisfying the people , and subduing an agitation which nothing else can , and which , so long as it exists , exposed us to the observation and the Attempts of every country iu Europe . Mr . Emehson Tennukt arranged the topics of complaint under two beads , the first of which , the
maintenance of the Established Church , was too important to be incidentally discussed . If the Irish Established Church were to be j surrendered , because of the dissent of a majority , tha English Establishment must be prepared to be tried by the same test . The Union had beea accepted by ] tbe Protestants , and agreed lo by the Romas Catholics , as a guarantee for tha security ot Ihe Established ( Caurch ; and though another condition , that of Catholic Emancipation , had been so long delayed , that did not affect the contract deliberately entered into , and rep ' eatedly confirmed on the part of the Roman Catholics ; and if they were prepared to retract their eelem ' n engagements , they ought also to surrender the advantages which had been conceded to them on the pledge of their faith .
Sir Deniiam NeRitEYS replied that they were uot discussing the Repeal of the Union , but the evils of Ireland , of which , from his own knowledge , he adduced some practical illustrations , chUfly bearing on the ownership and occupancy of the ] soil , the remedy of which was an improvement of the relations between landlord and tenant , and so removing the discontents of the peasantry , as to lead ] to that tranquillity which caused capital to flow into the country , and promote manufactures , for whiclx it presented such facilities . | Mr . Lascelles briefly dwelt on ] the importance and justice of governing Ireland impartially , which he thought tbe policy of the administration aimed at
Mr . MORE O'FERRALL traced t | e agrarian outrages to Insecurity of tenure , and the exercise of tbe power of ejectment over a wretched class ; and asked for a law , similar to that which prevailed in Scotland , by which a tenant may be secured iu obtaining the means for outlay of capital in improvements . He did not approve of the Repeal of the Union ( ; hut were Government to go to war with Ireland to put down the agitatson , and to call on all loyal subjects to aid them , he , for one , would first coasider what had beea done to retain their affections .
Mr . Shaw expressed his ampzement that the changes should be so continually rung upon ihe appointments of Baron L froy and Judge Jackson ; and cited Mr . O'Connell as to whether tbe Whigs jwere more likely to satisfy the Repealers than the Tories ; The idea of the substitution of "Russell" for " Paei" waa answered by Mr . OConnelJ with " Bah . ' —Whig and Tory might all be shaken up in a bag together ,: and the first man drawn out would prove an enetnyi to Ireland . " Mr . Shaw defended the Irish landlords j ; and argued that the question raised as to the Established Chnrcir was really whether it was to bo subverted—to Which he apprehended the people of England jwere not likely to agree . The character of the Protestant clergy of
Ireland was high ; there were 2 , 200 with an average income of £ 150 each : and even the Catholics would admit that , aa well educated resident gentlemen , they were a blessing to the country . The Union and the Church must stand or fall together . ( The multitudinons assemblages in Ireland inspired terror in well-disposed eubjects , and disturbed the public peace , and therefore were illegal ; the late Dublin demonstration , and the language used by Mr . O Connell , canie within this description ; aud it was Impossible that the Government could stand still , witnessing the progress of an agitation which might lead to bloodshed and ruin and Tvbicfi ought to be firmly met by ft vigorous administration of the law . } Mr . Macai / lat remarked how mefficently the Govftininant waa defended—supporters and opponents
aliSe censuring its policy . The present wide-spread discontent must be largely traced t <» the Ministry and ts p irty : from 1835 to 1 & 41 this Repeal agitation did not exist . Sir Robert Peel had unquestionably a great " difficulty" in Ireland . Amongst the party supporting him was to be found the name of every man who had rendered himself odious to the Irish people—all who had resisted emancipation , all who had sounded the alarm wheu Catholics were admitted into tbe Government , every creature who had called the Irish Bishops " sons of Belial , " and every scribbler who had" termed their priests " surpliced ruffians . " Remember how they harrased the iate Government on ( the subject of the registration and the franchise , admitting no delay { and now in the Government they find that delay is essential ,
for tbelr measure turned out one of uisfrauchisement . It waa impossible not to see through all this ; tbe result proved that political probity was thereat policy . Sir Robert Peel used to lecture on the ) inconvenience of a ministry which permitted " opes Questions ; " yet , in constructing his Irish Government he has taken two individuals diametrically opposed in their VlBWB j Lord Ell « t us secretary , and Mr . Serjeant Jackson as Attorney-General , who , on the subject of education , edified the House by the best Parliamentary " . Bet-to" which bad been witnessed for some time , jsir Robert Peei bad endeavoured to govern Ireland asfwell as he could ; but Sir James Graham , as Home-Secretary , waa practically the Irish Minister , and ) be bad not only declared that " conciliation bad reached Its utmost limits , " tut if words bad any meaning , be
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HOUSE OF LOftDsS—Fkiday , July 7 . On thainouon of the Earl of DalhooSIE the Canada Cora Bill was read a third time ami passed . The Earl oi Aberdeen postponed the nest stage of the Scotch Church Bill till Tuesday . Tbe Bishop of Salisbury presanted a petition from the Archdeaconry cf Salisbury , praying for the establishment of a Bishopric in Manchester . The Archbishop of Dublin presented a petition
from certain persons connected with New Zealand , against the introduction intojthat colony , on thn part of the Government , of individuals who had been trans parted for felony . j Lord WhArhcliffe said the only convicts sent thither were boys , and they had given great satisfaction in the settlement . j Lord Brougham tbenmsved the secondreading of tbe Slave-trade Suppression Bill , -which led to some discussion , and the motion was agreed to . The Limitation of Actions' ( Ireland ) Bill then went throngh Committee , and will be read a third time on Monday . Their Lordshlpa adjourned at Nine o ' clock .
Market Intelligence.
MARKET INTELLIGENCE .
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THE NOHTH 15 RN ST A Ft j S
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 15, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct659/page/3/
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