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TO THE WORKING PEOPLE.
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CwttjeK dtttteutQ-entt
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THE LAND! THE LAND !!;
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TO DANIEL O'COSNELL, ES<i-, M.P.
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tfoteign $&obemtnt$.
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^ortfKomfug ' €f}avtx0t j&eitftrgft
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LATEST FROM IRELAND.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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2 ? &t ? PubluJtino , ^ cmj 4 ste in One VoL , neatly BotlTld •"» Cloth , Price 2 s . 6 d . A PRACTICAL WORK on the MANAGEMENT OF SMALL FAHMS . By Fsabgus O'Cokhob , Esq ., Barrister and Farmer . The deare of the author has been to fnrnish a valuable compendium at such price as wonld enable every ¦ workingmaa to become possessed of It . No . 4 may be . said to contain all the pract'cal instructions necessary for carrying ont theplaa , together with Plates , describing Farm House , Offices , Tank , Farm Yard , &c ; wifle tbe whole contains all tbe information requisite for carrying oat all ihe operations . ^ N-B . —The aDOTe Work may still be prorated in JuiinberBj price 6 d . each . ** I have , within the last few months visited every part of France , and 3 declare that I have seen more miEery in ono street in Dnblin , than in alL France i the people are well «] ad , well fed , and merry ; they aie all employed en Siuul Fabsis of their own , or oa eqnit&ble takings !" Vide Lord Cloncurry ' s Letter in Morning Chronx * U y Oc / . 25 /^ , 1843 . London : —Cleave , Shoe-3 ane , Fleet-street ; Ptrrkess , Compton-streetj Heywood , Manchester ; Hobson , Northern Star Office , Leeds ; Guest , Birmingham ; Paton and Love , Glasgow ; and all Agents of ibis paper .
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NEW WOOLLEN CLOTH AND TAILORS' TRIMMING j ESTABLISHMENT , j i 37 , BRIOtGATE , LEEDS , AND MARKET PLACE , DATALXNGrTON . TIT H . DAVIS respectfully invites the attention of the Publio to his VJALUaBLE and EXTENSIVE " \ STOCK OF WOOLLEN CLOTHS , j Which be has purchased for Cash , and is determined to seM for a very small amount of profit . The Goods are of-firat-rate Manufacture , and not made for sale only , but will have ! the good properties of wearing well , and ensuring future orders . | The Stock oonsists of DOUBLE-MILLED WATERPROOF TWEEDS , BEAVERS , PILOTS , KERSEYS , CASSIMERES , SUPERFINE YORKSHIRE and WE 6 T OF ENGLAND CLOTHS , WOOLLEN and COTTON CORDS , FUSTIANS , &c . &c . Waistcoaungs from 1 =. 6 d . upwards , in endless variety . j M . H . D . takes this opportunity to thank the numerous body of TAILORS , who have patronized him since he dissolved Partnership with Mr . Collingwokth , and begs to assure them that no House in the Trade shall undersell him in any one Article . i The Working Classes are invited to purchase Fustians , Cords , and Moleskins , at tho above Establishment ; they will find it more advantageous to do so , and employ their own Tailors , than encourage tho " Ready Made Clothes ¦ Selling Monopolists" who get rich ai tho ' expence of the Working Man , by paying him one half for a Garment that other Masters give . j
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Suiir-2 ? o "very material change has taken place in yonr position sinee I last addressed yon , " save and except the lien token that you haTe received of Irish confidence , and the large refresher given to you for increased exertisn . And I think , Sir , that I may take the epporttmity which has jost presented itself of , at one and the same time , miking & comparison l > elvfeen yonr sitn&tlon and mine , and of replying to another of tout charges against me and some of the Chartist leaders , to the effect that we were in the pay of the Tories . Jnst as I was reading the gratifying intelligence of your pecuniary prospects for the present year , and your ability to purchase
delay , from the proceeds of a national contribution , 2 wss presented with a Bill ^ f Costs amounting to £ 329 9 b . 2 d . for a Tery short period , —in addition to many other Bills of Costs which I hare also paid , HidependEntly of travelling and other expences , —at the suit of the Crown ; and I beg to asssnre you , Sir , that while you can draw upon an Exchequer vfhere jour drafts frill be honoured , the Carlton Club would be the very last source from whence 1 -would be able to ecstire the means of paying those expences imposed upon me by a Tory Government . But no more of that , Sir . I merely mention it as a angleitem of that persecution to which I have been exposed by a Tory Government on the one hand , and by your unjust insinuations on the other .
I shall now refer to what I consider the most important question for your consideration at the presem jnoment . As long ago as Jnne last I told you that the Irish Arms Bill would be the signal for transferring tb . 9 power of the Executive into the hands of ihe IrUh Orange faction . Tnat law came into operation a fortnight since ; and from the simultaneous demand of the Orange party for more troops , ¦ whether regular , militia or yeomen , to protect the Irish Protestants , you may learn that , as I predicted , the Irish Arms Bill wonld be the standard Tonnd which the Protestant party wonld rally , not
only to secure Protestast ascendancy , but also to ensure a market for Protestant botchers . The signal fires may or may not have been demonstra tions of your triumph over the cantankerous Attorney-General . If they were intended as such , they were not only justifiable , bnt praiseworthy . The faction would have triumphed over Ireland ; and "why Ehould Ireland not triumph over them ? Bnt iefore I answer the charge of ooneert and conspiracy , of which the English Tory press assert those demonstrations to be proof , I would " now
« aution youagainst permitting their continuaace ; and for rt"s reason : no ^ further demonstration can be required of Irish devotion to their eonntry ' s e&nse than has been already unmistakably manifested by the whole people ; while they furnish the Tery best tf&p for leading tie unarmed people into & conflict in ihe dead hour of the night with their aimed assailants . Therefore , if those nocturnal fflnmrnations a ^ e to be continued , let them henceforth be the sport of faction , rather than illustrative of national feeling .
Depend upon it , Sir , that whatever precaution you take , those fires will nevertheless be continued as * mean 3 of arou ~ ing ihe Protestants and the Government to a senss of their duty ; and you Ehould caution the people against even attending those fires j and for this reason : the times are coming , ¦ when nighdy domiciliary vi sits will be made to the poor man ' s hovel ; am when to be absent , lured by a sop of straw or " fuiz ^ bush , "' lit by some Protestant yeoman seeking employment , may subject the victim to transportation , or some severer punishment ; TrhHe-a sanguinary eoi-Sl-ct may lead Ton , in
ignorance of the real cause , to the fulfilment of your threat" to abandon the people . " For these reasons it becomes your duty to dissuade the people from the continuance of such a prartiee . I presume that yon are thoroughly acquainted with the mode and manner in which evidence is got up by the Crown whereon to ground an application for powers , beyond the law : but as a few facts which have come to my own knowledge may be serviceable , even to you , I shall here relate them . In the reees 3 of 1833 , after the Irish Coercion Bill had been enacted by the Whigs npon
the testimony of policemen , police Serjeants , and police commissioners , the following fact came to my knowledge , and under the following circumstances . Tour present Secretary , Mr . O'Neill Daunt rode to my house . Shortly after his arrival , my presen ce was required at Gonakllty ; and I said to him , " Daunt , as my horees ar ^ ratere-J , I ' ll ride year ' s to CloaakHty ? ' to which he assented . On my way , the horse stwnbkd and fell upon me , and so far injured me , that I was obliged to hobble cp to the house of Captain Davis , a friend of mine , who very kindly sent me home in his gig , driven by ore of hi 3
servants . Upon the road the following conversation occurred . The man was aware that I had been tried in 1 S 32 , in Cork , upon charges arising out of the Ti : he agitation ; and he said Jo me , ** I hope snd trust in God , your honour will take care what you do for the future ; for believe me , you have a power of enemies against you . " I replied , " I know I have , bnt I'll beat them all . " " You might , " he rejoined , "if yon knew them ; but yon donV I asked him "what be meant 1 and the man wept and said , "lam ashamed xo tell your honour . " However he did tell me the following story : — God knows , its little I thought when I was forced to turn out one night , that it wonld be the means of injuring you or Ireland ; but I was foolish
and didn ' t think . Dnring the Tithe agitation , I lived with Captain 5 , and one day after dinner Major . and some other gentlemen who were . stopping at the boase , had me sent for ; and we all li&d our faces blacked , and went out in the country to several houses , and took arms and powder whereever we could find them , and money in some cases to buy more ; and we swere them to be true to the cause , and to abolish the : nh * sJ" I asked the man why he had not eommunicart d those facts to a magistrate ! and his answer was , that "he might as well shoot "hJTnspflf ; for he would never get another place if be betrayed the gentlemen . " I then asked him if he would swear to the facts and give evidence , if I eBEured him protection 3 He tcld me he wonld . I communicated the whole affair to Mr . Littleton ,
the then Irish Secretary , and asked him to prosecute ihe parties , and to ensnre the man protection ; bnt frith him it has rested up to the present moment . I need not dwell further upon this case * , but shall j ^ ^ r put you in possession of a circumstance that occurred in 1823 , during the "Whiteboy riots . A man of & * same of Feheen , vrh » was known to hare a private st iE received a letter signed - *• Rock , " coaunandim * ^ "" ^ onder severe penalties , to meet
14 Captain Bo ^ ** a & * & pl * ce , npon a certain night , -with tw ^ gallons of " anglings , " , or "first ske */* rriirh me . * 118 the kes * description of illicit - whisky . Febeen o ^ J ^ the order , BBl took the precaution to take a ne ^ bbour "witli him ; and to his astonishment , he rec ^ g ^ ed the Captain of a yeomanry Corps in the yerson of . Captain Rock * I « ow pass on to consider whether or no those signal fires furnish any proof of epnefjt , or conspiracy .
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"When I was returned for the County of Cork , in 1832 , a man named Ceghlan , whose family had lived for Beveia ! generations -under my familj , said : ** By Josus Mr . Fargas , but 1 * 11 go and set the country on fire . " I knew perfectly well what he meant . He went to a cabin and procured a spear Jibe a pike with a long handle , commonly used for searching fox bog timber . He put a Email bundle of lighted furze ob tie Epear . and stood on a hill ; and in less than twenty minutes , the whole country appeared in a blaze , which spread ihronghont the County of Cork , and to Kerry asd Limerick , without any understanding or concert whatever ; and I will venture to assert , that any man anxious for euch amusement , can , of himself , on any night of the year , produce the very same spectacle in Ireland .
I mtntion these thingB firstly , to set yon thinkingi and secondly , to disarm those who would make such occurrence a pretext for the further Coercion of Ireland . Meantime , Sir , neither slumber , nor be deluded ; for rely upon it , that yon have a vindictive and revengeful faction in the field , and party in the Cabinet to deal with : neither of whom will be satisfied with anything short of your total destruction . Argue you not too favourably from the law ' s delay . Be assured that its vigour will not be relaxed , nor its hold upon you loosened . We have already seen
the apparent change produced in the temper of the Attorney-General after his consultation with Sagden ; but we have seen nothing to lead us to a belief that he has abandoned asy portion of his project . Believe not , Sir , that the na ^ al and military array is not intended to facilitate the collection of poor-rates ; while even was it so , the Orange faction would not allow you to separate resistance to poor rates from liepe&I agitation . Believe me when I t *> ll yon that the Government will attempt to persuade all moderate men , all sensitive men , all timid men , and all interested men , that your destruction is indispensable to the tranquility of Ireland ; while they cannot meet Parliament without being able to give a better account than total defeat in th * - Queen ' s
Bench , increased contributions , and increasing enthusiasm as a set-off against the alarm , anxiety , expenditure and risk incurred in the suppression of the Repeal agitation . I shall not now further trespass upon yon than once more to implore you to take your own position into your most serious consideration ; and while you are fencing with the law , be prepirsd to meet the next step , which will be , the suspension of the Habeas Corpns Act , if you beat the Government : and to justify which the Orange faction will get up a riot of their own , by concert and conspiracy , which they would be better paid for keeping secret than divulging : for believe me that the v « y same Bpirit which actuated those ruffians in 1798 is still to he found amongst their representatives of the present day .
I learn that our Griffin , who swore against the Chartists at Lancaster , is one of the witnesses to be produced against you ; but you may rely upon it that the Tobt Chabtists of Manchester will take good care to send a deputation to recognise him , in order that our friends , the Tories in Ireland , should not " run the buck" upon you under another
name , I am , Sir , 4 . c , Feabgus O'CoNNor
To The Working People.
TO THE WORKING PEOPLE .
Mi Fxtejsiw , —Yob have now had time to deliberatenpon the address of the Executive , published in last week ' s Star , Since then I have been to Leeds , and witnessed the most cheering and inspiring revival of Chartism in that once apathetic town torrn . Tho Chartists have taken the largest hall in England , for which they pay sixty guineas a year ; and in justice to the leaders , 1 may say , that never was there a more united band . , You will see an account of the proceedings for the two glorious night ' s in this week ' s Star . Two of your Executive have started on their mission You have read our project ; we wait your response , in order that nine others may be added to
the agitating corps . The whole expanse of yonr machinery , Executive and all , will then amount to no more than £ 15 IOs a-week ; while tho weekly subscriptions paid by the number of members that I have enrolled myself , wonld amount to between £ 8 and £ 9 of the money . If you impose duties upon us -and require the fttlEJment of them , we have a right to demind the full perfoMnajiee of your own duties ; while not a single locality , with the exception of Coventry , has transmitted the one-foorth of their weekly collections to the Executive . I now call upon you by all that is sacred , by all that is -righteous , and by all that is dear to you , to arouse , and by year exertions enable the Executive so to perform their duties as will ensure the success of your cause . Yoa have no right to impose dutiea upon men and to withhold from them the means of discharging those duties . The Executive seek not to touch yonr local funds ; but they demand their
own share as a right ; while 1 think that my long standing and perseverance and unremunerafed services justify me in making this appeal to yourselves upon jour own behalf . How , working men , I have never deceived you ; and trust me that if you enable us to prosecute our object by the moderate contributions we reqnire , you will see Chartism in such a position "when the forthcoming Convention meets as it never occupied before . Kow thes to ihe tfobx . In one day Irishmen ran subscribe £ 40 , 000 ; whiie every wetk they cheerfully contribute between a thousand or two thousand towards the support of their cause ; and , more than that , there are few towns in England wherein the few Irish resident in each town do not of themselves contribute more than yon are called upon to fnrnish as a nation to carry out your own principles . It would be insulting to say more , than merelv to remind you that CHARTISM REQUIRES EVERY
MAN TO DO HIS DUTY . Y or faithfal Friend , Feabghs O'Connor . P . S . I have just received an anonymous letter from Oldham , asking me something about £ 20 , that I borrowed , or got from , or owe to , the widow of ihe late lamented John Knight , of Oldham . . My correspondent says that , the Cobbettites are making a great handle of it . I trust they'll make as great a handle of mv answer , which is this : John Knight had no widow . I never got £ ~ 20 or twenty pence j nor do I owe twenty l&rthings , direct l y or indirectly , to any one connected with John Knight ; and never did . I am wholly at a loss to understand even the meaning of this lame fabrication- Nothing ever occurred , not any one circumstance , that could , in the most remote degree , give rife to it . 1 shall shortly be in Oldbam , and Bee what the Cobbettites say then . F . O'C .
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FRAKCE . —Phi paRatio ^ s fob Controiaisg the Parisians . — " The municipal guard , " says La Reforme , " have just tak ^ n possession of the small 1 bastile' erected in ! Si 3 on the site ef the eitadel demolished by onr fathers in 1789 . This edifice being no longer concealed by the planks which hitherto had it from the public view , the people may now judge how admirably it is fitted out to support a siege . The walls are massy and well built , and the loopholes are chefs d ' eeuvres of the kind . The arch of the gateway , under which two pieces of artillery may be planted , ia adorned with sculptures representing muskets , pistols , cannons , poniards ,
sabres , swords , cartridge-boxes , shakos of the municipal guards , epaulets , uniforms , and drams ; there are even among the emblems cocked hats , like those worn by the town Serjeants . This arch ib closed by a strong iron ratling . Workmen are now occupied in encircling the little' bastile' witb . auotb . er railing nine feet high , leaving between it and the edifice a space of ten or twelve feet to facilitate the movements of tie Btnnicipals . " The Minister ef the Interior and the Minister of War , " says the Commerce , " are now at miuei respecting the projecting
pavilions of the Palace of the Institate . The Minuter of War wishes them to be demolished , in order to clear the quay , so as to remove all obstruction in the way of the artillery , ana © f the passage of the troops . Neither the Minister of the interior , who w guardian of historical monuments , nor thelnstitute , will allow those two wings of the Palace to be destroyed . We offer to bet , however , that they will lose their cauBe . " In less than three weeke , obssrves La Reform * , " Louis Philippe has visited the fottrmes of Alont Valereln , Si . Penis , Aui > emlliers-
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] es-7 ertnp , Charenton , and Yincennes . The last for'Tess appears to be th-j special subject of his Royal solicitude ; for since the olose of May , 1841 , that is since the changes made in the old structure , and the erection , of the new one , which commenced in March , 1842 , Louis Philippe has six timeB visited the works of Vmcennes . " SPAIN—Accounts from Madrid of the Uih inst " state , that in the morning of that day General Narvatz proceeded to the Palace , and presented to the Queen his resvenation of the post of Captain ,-General of New Castile . The motives for this resolution were not exactly known . The Eeo del Comerdo announces , that its editors had been removed from the Barrack del SoWado tp the former Convent of thp Basilios , where they were still detained in solitary confinement .
M . Palmo , former commander of a battalion of Lnchana , and 11 . Saviia , an tfficer of the garri-oa , had been arrested as participators in the attempt against the person of General Narvat-z . A letter from Perpinnon of the 15 th ins . states , that General Prim on arriving at Figueraa had summoned the castle to surrender ; but that his demand had been met by a peremptory refusal , and that the batteries had opened a tire upon his quartets by way of defiance . Tho Castle was supplied wiih provisions for twelve mouths . The Montrosa steamer brings advices from Lisbon to tbe 15 th , and from Cadiz to the 13 th inat . The suppression of the insurrection in Galicia had been complete , and neither at Vigo nor elsewhere were there witnessed any fresh symptom of outbreak .
After the defeat of Inane , General Cotoner , having arrived at Redondella , prppared to attack Vigo , when the insurrectionary Junta , perceiving the entire defeat ot its adheretts , requested the Consuls of England aud Portugal to serve as mediators for them with the Commander of the forces . The Consuls both readily lert themselves to this task , which was satisfactorily accomplished , and the Government troops shortly afterwards entered Yi « o , without tffusion ot blood . Order was established throughout Galicia .
There had been undoubted supplies of arms , ammuuition , and money , gent out by Espartero ' s adherents in London to the northern and southern coasts of Spain . At Seville many new arrests had been made , and upoD tho persons of the sergeants of the Regiment del Hei . imprisoned for endeavouring to effect a demonstration against the Provisional Government , was fonnd 200 , 000 reals in gold . The disturbances at Algesiras , like all others , had led to nothing . At Lisbon all waa quiet , and the Cortes wero opened as the : packet left .
UNiTED STATES . —The new plan of the American Exeeutiye for issuing 5 O 00 , t ) 0 t ) dollarb in paper money is the subject of an ^ ry comment on the part of tbe democratic press , who refer to it as pregnant with future mischief , and compare it to the issue of assignats and mandats during the French revolution . The measure is ascribed to the influence of Mr . Webster , who , though he has quitted the Administration , is said to retain his influence with its present , members . The whole plan , indeed , is affirmed to have been concocted between htm and his former colleague , Mr . Spencer , during a recent vit-it to Washington . A better idea of the subject cannot be given than by quoting some of the r < marks of the Opposition journals upon it . The Harrisburg Democratic Union has the following : —
" We observe that the Secretary of the Treasury is about to iesue 5 , 000 , 000 of Government paper money , under the name of fifty-dollar Treasury notes . The rate of interest on these notes iB to be merely nominal , and they are to be redeemable oh demand in the banks of New York and New Orleans . The intention is openly avowed of making them a circulating medium , instead of bank-notes ; and this barefaced violation of the Constitution is to proceed from an Administration which glories in the fact that its chief has twice vetoed bills to establish a bank of the United States !
" Treasury notes have been often issued by tho Government ; but such notes are as unlike those of Mr . Spencer as a bond for money loaned , beariug an interest of six per cent ., and payable in one year after date , is unlike a bank-note payable on demand . The Constitution gives to Congress the power * to borrow money on the credit of the United States ;' and this power has some times been carried into execution , by borrowing for one year , instead of a longer term , at tuch a rate of interest as could be agreed on by the parties , and issuing Treasury notes to tbe lender or creditor of the Government for the amount . These Treasury notes have never heretofore been redeemable at any bank before they were due ; and it is this redemption of them on demand , before they have reached maturity , together with the mere
nominal rate o- " interest they bear , which changes them from a Government loan into a Government paper circulation . The secretary in this manner expectB to evade the provisions of the act of Congress , and to escape the censure of the Democratic party and the country . But the attempt will be unavailing . So hostile were the Democratic party to a Government paper circulation , ( hat when the independent treasury law was beiore Congress , although the rieht of the Treasury to draw draughts upon its agents in payment of the public debts wag unquestionable , yet to avoid the possibility that these draughts might become a circulating medium , it was expressly enjoined on the Seoretary of the Treasury , by the 23 d section of that act , to provide for their speedy presentation and payment at the different ; depositories .
" No Government on the face of the earth has ever resorted to the miserable expedient of issuing paper money without suffering from the experiment . It is created so easily , that it produces unbounded ex travagance in expenditures , as wcil ss tbe most corrupt peculation . It has made a baukrnpt of every Government which has resorted to it extensively ; and the people themselves have always had to buffer the loss . The assignats of the French Revolution , and our own continental paper money , are the iaosl memorable examples of the truth of this assertion . The framera of the Federal Constitution , warned by the fate of this paper currency , and having it
before their eyes , wisely withheld from Congress the power of ever again issuing it . They thought tho old example ought for ever to be shunned ; and , therefore , the only power over the currency which they conferred upon Congress was that ' to coin money , and to rfgnlate the value thereof , and of foreign coin . ' They were emphatically hard-money men . But why should Mr . becreiary tepencer regard those things I The Constitution is now but an antiquated scroll ; and the exposition of it by the Vi minm and Kentucky resolutions , aud Mr . Madison ' s report , is entirely out of date . The modern ultra-laiuuainarian construction by tho God iikt ; ' Daniel has superseded these mns'y records . "
The Missourian says : — " All the details of the new paper currency of the Federal Government are now before the country , and it now turns out to be & naked issue of paper money upon the credit and revenues of tho Government . The Dotes are still to be called Treasury notes , but have all the characteristics oi bank notes . Like bank notes , they are to bear no interest , for the l-10 ih of 1 percent , is nothing , and is only intended as a fraud upon the act , of Congress , which required them to bear interest .. Like bank notes ,
they are payable to bearer ; but here another fraud is perpetrated to cheat the act of Congress , which required Treasury notes to be payable to order ; aud by tbis second fraud the bearer is put upon the back , instead of the face , of the note . Like bank note ? , they are payable on demand ; and , like bank notes , they are intended to pass from hand to hand , to be re-issuable , and to constitute a paper-money currency . The amount now to be issued is 5 , 000 , 000 dols ., the new deficit in the revenue amounting to that sum , and the whole to be payable at New York . These are the features of the new Government
paper-money ; and the first thing that strikes us . is its utter unconstitutionally , its gross perversion of tbe act of Congress for issuing Treasury notes , aud tbe boldness of thus putting into operation the main part of the Exchequer Bill , which Congress so peremptorily rejected , and of which the main object was to issue a Government paper currency . M Tho Constitution knows nothing but a hardmoney currency for the Federal Government ; and all Administrations up to the present day have rejected a federal paper currency , not only as unconstitutional , bat as the most fatal and dangerous of all the descriptions of paper money . Mr . Tyler ' s Administration is the first to do it ; and in doing bo . has committed a violation of the Constitution , and
a fraud upon the act of the Congress for issuing Treasury notes . In doing this he has cancelled the last feeling of regard which anybody felt for the two bank vetoes ; for Government banking is certainly worse than corporation banking , bad as the latter is . He had nearly cancelled the debt of gratitude which some felt , by proposing the Exchequer eoheme , bat now he has pat the worst part of that scheme ; into operation ; after Congress had rejeoted it ; and thus shows that he was governed by no principle whatever in giving his vetoes . "Unconstitutional and fraudulent as this paper currency , is , it is subject to all the objections of a local currency ; for , being payable at New York , it will all centre there and will require a epppentration of specie at that point to redeemit .
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" There never was , and there never will be , a Government paper currency which will not b © abused . The present issue is an abuse ; and though they begin With five millions , it will rise to tens and hundredsjof millions , if permitted to go on . Every new debt and every now extravagance will be covered with sRiew issue of paper money , to avoid the alarm which loans and taxes would create ; aud tUus a great national debt wil be created before the country is aware of it . Thus it ia now . Every
session of Congress since the change of 1840 has been met by deficits , loans , taxes , and treasury notes , until the new publio debt amounted to 27 , 000 , 000 dollars . In a short time Congress is to meet again , and would be again informed of a deficit of 5 , 000 , 000 dollars , aud new loans or taxes called for to that amount . Bat to avoid this eaH , and to deceive tho people , an issue of pappr money is determined upon , and these 5 , 000 , 000 of Government bank notes are ishUed . The Democracy were for a national gold currency ; the old Federalists are for a national p » per currency . The old Federalists were for a bank to issue this currency ; the new Federalists , of the Webster and Tyler school , are for the Government to issue it ; and of the two , we deem the old Federalists the most honourable and the least dangerous . "
Lynching in Mississippi . —Tho South Western Farmer ( . Raymond , Mississippi ) of the Cth inst . says — " Wo have before us a letter trom Brandon , dated * 28 ; b ult ., giving an account of an outrageous act of lyucbiDg committed in that neighbourhood on the 27 th . A black fellow , named Dave Gridley , had been for some weeks committing many depredations upon the property of the citizens , whsn he was at length caught , with the assistance of dogs , and delivered to a guard . Subsequently he was taken from the guard in the night , dragged into the woods , aud hung . His body was then thrown into an old house , which was set oa fire and . burnt , together with the body . It is not known who the perpetrators of this outrage wero . "
Assassination . —Last evening , about six o ' clock , Mr . W . G . Benham , brother in-law of the senior editor of this paper , was stabbed at the White Mansion , corner of Market and Third-streets , by Talbot Oldham , son of Judge Oidham , of Jefferson county . Some slight quarrel having taken place , Oidham stabbed Mr . Benham twico with a bowie knife ^—once in the arm , near the shoulder , severing a large artery , aud once in the back . Mr . Beoham died about midnight . We do not wish at present
to detail all the circumstances ot the occurrence ; but , if they have been truly detailed to us by eyewitnesses , the act was as atrocious a murder as ever was perpetrated . Mr . Benham was entirely unarmed . The assassin , who even before this act had an infamous notoriety here , immediately mounted a horte » nd fled from tho city . The sheriff subsequently went in pursuit , but we have not learned whether he succeeded in catching him . —Louisville Journal .
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MB . M'Grath's Tovr—On Monday morning last , I left-London for tbe purpose of commtmeing tbe work of provincial agitation . On Monday I arrived at Northampton , and found that the Assembly Room of the Saracen ' s Head , Abingaon-street , 'was engaged for me to lecture in . The audienca was not numerous ( about three hundred ) , but it was cotuposad of sterling Chartist material . Mr . Cherry , a man of the right sort , was appointed to the chair . He opened the proceedings in a neat speech , stating that as freedom of discussion W | tia the invariable characteristic of Chartist meetings , if any person present should feel disposed to controvert tbe arguments of tbe lecturer , or invalidate any facts adduced by him , that at the termination of the lecture be would guarantee tbe disputants a clear
etnge and no favour . I was toon introduced to tbe meeting . I addressed them for an hour and a quarter upon general topics , and concluded by an earnest appeal to ray audience to come forward and join tbe National Charter Association . Having concluded , I was honoured with the unanimous thanks of the meeting . We next commenced the work of enrolment : sixtythree cards of membership were disposed of . On the whole , * I am much pleased with Northampton : tney are most anxious for a visit from Mr . O'Connor fueling that much good would be the result , The enrolled members are dutermined sedulously to exert themselves in promulgating the prin-. ciples among their fellow working men . From Northampton I proceeded to Birmingham . The
Mechanics' Institution was' taken far me to lecture in . The audience ( owing I believe to the stormy state of the nisht , for it blew and rained dreadfully ) was not 80 good as one would expect from democratic Briminghain , and from the perfection of the arrangements for the meeting . I spoke for upwards of an bour , and having concluded the Chairman respectfully nquested those : who entertained views different from mine to come i forward , and that he would guarantee them a fair hearing ; whereupon Mr . Mason enroe forward and put several questions touching the conduct of the Executive in their efforts to procure the enrolment of the Organizition . I replied to Mr . Mason ' a queries , and bad tbe pleasure to elicit from him a distinct
uvowal of his entire satisfaction . We then began to enrol , and succeeded in disposing of forty cards of memberBhip . I regret to say that there existM a ]* iltry feeling of jealousey between the two localities existing in Birmingham , which prevents that oneness of action , that cordial co-operation , indispensible to euccess . I sincerely hope that tbe men of Birmingham will rise superior to those petty brawls ; that U e exiatiug ill-feeiing will soon subside ; that Birmingham will become the centre of the movement ; that we shall have the satisfaction to see jk locality there established , which shall become a terror . CO tyrants and a powerful auxiliary in the Godlike work of effecting a nation ' s political and social regeneration . PHILIP M'GRATH .
Birmingham . —We have received from , Mr . Chilton a report of > ir . M'Grath ' a lecture , which we regret we cannot find room for . Mr . Chilton says : —" Mr . M-Qratb , in my opinion , is a really talented young man—his style is good , and his language correct , aud though far removed from cpmmoD-placeness , could be readily understood by the most simple present . His illustrations were happy , and bis colouring natural and vivid—and tbe lecture was entirely free from the clap-traps too often resorted to . even by Chartist lecturers ^ for the purpose of catching tbe prejudices and tickling the senses of their bearers . Good sense and unshakable arguments were the beginning , tbe middle , and the end of Mr .. M'Grath ' s discourse ; and the most talented opponent of the lectnrer ' s principles must have felt convinced of tbe ultimate success of & cause expounded and defenied by working men of the stamp of tbe Executive ' s president . "
SHEFFIELD . —Fig True Lane . —On Sunday evening Mr . West delivered his first lecture , viz , " Ireland ' s Wrongs and Ireland ' s Remedy , " to a numerous and attentive audience ; Mr . James Mitchell , of Stockport , in the chair ; who opened the business in an appropriate speech , observing that these lectures had been got np for the purpose of creating a tnotn kindly feeling towards the Irishmen resident in Sheffield and their English brethren . 16 was indispensable to the attainment of the liberties of both countries , that a cordial onion for mutual advantage should exist between Englishmen and Irishmen ; and notwithstanding that interested parties laboured hard to keep up division
amongst them , he bad a well-grounded hop © that tbe day was not far diatant when both the Charter and Repeal would be obtained , and the principles of human liberty triumph over pretended friends and open and avowed euomiea . Mr . Mitchell sat ? down warmly cheered . Mr . West then commenced his addreea , embracing an historical sketch , of Ireland down to the period of the Union , and exposing the ignorance of English bookmakers , styled historians , as regards Irish manners and customs . He . compared ancient institutions that had for their object the maintenance and support of the poor , with the modern ones that have created two million and a half of beggars . He showed hew trada aad manufactures had been destroyed , and
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enumerated several Acts of Parliament Ihu h \<\ been passed for that purpose . He then gave an historical account bow the Union of tbe two countries had been carried , and related ! some of the doings of Castlereagh and bis party , which called forth the 'lnivorsal execrations of the rneetinp . A . vote of , thanks wan carried to Mr . Mitchell aud Mr . VVest ^^ id the meeting separated . On Monday evening The discussion on the Corn Laws was resumed , and afver speeches from Messrs . Britrgs , Dyson , Royston . and West , the following resolution , moved by Mr . Roystoa , was carried
unanimously : — ' That this meeting having heard the arguments « n both sides of tbe 'question , are of opinion that a repeal of tbe Corn Laws , under any ciivuuistances , would not icheapen the food of the working man ; and th ; it thelagitation now going on avo »* Hy for that object , is S wicked delusion to dmw tbe attention of the working clasaes from demanding tbtir political rigbts , and to ; enable a few heartier ^ aniblvnii speculators still further to enrich thernsbived it the expence of tha blood and sinews of the industrious classes of England . ' *
Halifax —Mr . S . Kydd lectured here on Monday night last to a very anentive audience , on the Charter and the means to get it . Some new members were enrolled . Mr . K . lectured again on Tuesday avening on the Repeal of 1 the Legislative Union . A large number of Irish Rspea'ers were present , and were highly delighted with the way in which Mr . Kydd handled his subject ; and somemorf new members took out their cards . At the conclusion the following resolution was unanimously adopted . Moved by a Saoth .-man , seconded by an Irishman , with an Englishman in the chair— " Thit in the opinion of this m ^ e . ing , Ireland is fully entitled to a Repeal of the Legislative
Union ; and ttat we express our sympathy with that ' portion of the Irish people who are agitating for that measure , and believe that Ireland will nevt-. r be con- ' tented till the Legislature concede thoir riquest , and ' the Irish constitution be the rtftex of the will of the Irish people ; we therefore call upon evory l « ver of . his country , aud the Irish people generally , ' ¦> use every ' influence in their power to induce Mr . O ' Uoniwll . the j leader of the Imh peopte , to invite Mr . O'Connor -to an amicable discussion of their respective opinions , ' so as the energies of these great men may be brought j to bear on one object—for England , Ireland , and Scotland their legitimate rights .
Manchester . —carpenters' hall . —a lee- i tare was delivered in the above Hall on Sunday last , ; Nov . 19 th , by Mr . William Jones , from Liverpool . The Bpacious Hall was densely crowded in every part . The lecturer gave satisfaction to all present . At the close of the meeting fifteen new members were enrolled . SALFORD— The Chartists of this place held their weekly meeting on jSuuday last , when a lecture was delivered by Mr . William Dixon , of Manchester . The room was well ailed , by a respectable audience , who paid great attention to the sentiuieuta advanced by the lecturer . ] NORTHAMPTON . —Mr . M Grath delivered an excellent lecture on Monday evening , in the large room at the Saracens Head Inn , to a good and attentive audience . At the close of the lecture upwards of fifty cards were taken oat Mr . M Grata proaiiaed as another visit on bia way back to London .
BRIGHTON—A pnblic meeting of fch' Chartists of Brighton was held at the Cap of Liberty , Porclnadstreet , on Monday , N- > v . 20 th . lit Boniface in tha chair . Moved by Mr . Pa « e , seconded by . Mr . Lewis" That a public meeting be aolden at tbe Cap oi Liberty on Monday , at half-past eight o ' clock , Nov . 37 : h , to sympathise with our Irish brethren in their strugjdf for the Repeal of tbe ^ legislative union . " Carrie 1 unanimously . Proposed jby Mr . Williams , seconded by Mr . Page— '' That a concert be holden at the Cap of Liberty on Monday , Nov . 29 th , to assist in liquidating tbe delegate fund debt . " Carried unanimously . IiONDON .-Mr . Man'z lectured to the Boat ar . d Shoemakers , Qjldtn Lion , Daan-street , Soho , on Sunday evening last .
The Executive have appointe . 1 the following persons to the National Chartist Association Council : —Mr . N . Conner , 25 , Baker-street , Commercial-road ; Mr . George Hall , 1 . Ely place . Globe-flelda ; Mr . Q . RamstiVl , 25 , Slar-street ; Mr . Wm . Goodwin , Chatbara-stre ^ , Limehouse-rlolds ; JMr . T . Perkins , 5 , Btk ^ r-strKti .. Mr . W . Shaw , 16 , Turk-street ; Mr . William D . •¦!< : ry , boot-maker , 25 , Baker-street , Conimercial-roal , « ti > - Treasurerj Mr . T . H . K-. owles , ladies' sboe-mafci-r , > ., Windsor-street , Bishopgate , sub-Treasurer . Mr . VV H . Bain , District Councilman .
Cambkrwell—At a numerous meeting hdd a' the Cock Tavern , Ciutberwell Green , on Tuesday evenins ; , November 21 st , the following resolutions wera unanimously carried amidst great applause— "That this mcetiug , io Icomoioa with their millions of Radical brethren ; iii England , ara fully convinced of the right of tho ] Irish people to govern themselves through a domestic leKiskuure—they therefore determine to reader their best efforts in effecting a Repeal of the Legislative Union , and the establishment of a domestic { Parliament elected by the people . " * ' That all personalities and an ^ ry fet > Jiags against , individua a be h&ncefjortb . buried in oblivion ; and that tho English and Irish do henceforth press forward hand in hand in th ^ glorious causa of justice , liberty , humanity , Repeal-for Ireland , and the adoption of the People's Charter for tho United Kingdom .
OMJHATVL—Ori Sunday last Mr . W . Bell delivered a vtry energetic lecluru in the Chartmt Room , Greavesstreet ; the room jwus crowded , aud the audience listened with great attention . At the conclusion , a number of individuals were enrolled and took oat cards uf membership . At a weekly meeting of the members on Monday evening last , the followim ; resoiutiona were unanimousty pasBBa—** That this inteting recommend to tbe Executive that the Whole of the " lecturers' expeneea be paid from one general fotid . "' " Tiiat we the Chartists of Oldham recommend ' to the Executive William B' ; ll &f Heywood , as a fit and proper person to ba engaged as lecturer . '' '
Working Man's Hajjl . —On Tuesday evening la . it , a general meeting of the shareholders of the Working Man ' s ftaU Association took place in the Chartist Room , Greaves-street , to take iuta consideration the erection of the above Hall as early as po-sible the ntxt spring . The meeting was well attended ; and it was unanimously agreed to appoint eix persons to assist the Directors in looking out sites of land : it wasaU * agreed that the shares should extend to seven hundred . The plans and estimates will be received by the Directors in the above room on Wednesday eveniniis , commencing on Wednesday the 29 th inst . The meeting was then adjourned ! to Tuesday evening ntixt , at eight o ' clock , when it is exported that all the shareholders will attend . Persans wishing to take out shares are nquested to do sol immediately , as upwards of 500 Bharcs are taken already .
DUBLIN . —Inisu Universal Suffrage Association , Sunday 19 th Nov . —The Association met at usual . Tho attendance was considerable , aud the meeting was very powerfully addressed by several speakers . Many strangers who were present admitted the soundness lof the political doctrines they heard , and more than admitted it , looked conviction . The Repealers however , are so certain that Dan will accomplish the ! abrogauon of tho Act of Uuion , according to his solemnly aud publicly recorded declaration , before the 23 rd of April next , that they are resting on that ] oft-defeated hope for the present . We have , however , been bold enough to
prop hecy thai they will be made April fools of ; and if jthey are , delaeioa will certainly lose some of its fasoinatioo , as both the spirits and the pockets of the people have been thoroughly drained . Mr . O'Hlgsdnn has a notice of motion on this subject for next Sunday , » nd altogether the Chartist world may rely on it , that by our bantering Dan on bis want of sincerity ; and Whig predilections , wo are a , great means of promoting the present serious looking agitation mi Ireland , bo by the close watch : fulness of the Irishj Universal Suffrage Association , we shall take care j that no new betrayal of the peoples confidence shall take place withput an expoBure , as caustic as it will be deserved .
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Dublin , Nov . 22 d . Judgment on the " Demurrer" has been given . Ifc is auainst the defendants . Their pleas have been h «; a to be bad . They are ousted ; and fresh pleas ti . * . d to be put in . A .- , soob as judgment had been pronounced , ia whic . j < nii , ' mem , by-the-bye all the Judges joined , the AUorney General moved that the defendants ilioiild be called upon to plead instanter . Hereupon a-io . ner " talk , " or discussion ensued . It ended by the " Court" siding with the Attorney General , whea the following sceae took place :- — Attorney-General—My Lords , the defendants must appear personally upon their recoKniaance now . and be called by the Clerk of the Crown to plead forthwith .
Mr . Forde—Thoy will be here immediately . Gle . rk of tho Crowa—Some of them may be here . CaJL Daniel O ' . Connell . Mr , Hate hell— He is coming in . Cierk of the Crown—Crier , call Daniel O'Connell . Crier—Daniel O ' Conaell , come and appear here , you and your bail . Mr . HaSchell and Mr . Cantwell again informed the ifficer that Mr . O'Conaell was coming into Conn .
Clerk of tbe Crown—Call John O'C ' onneU . Mr . Cantwell—They will be here in one moment . Mr . O'Conne ?! , accompanied by Mr . John O'Conneil , M . P ., and tbe Rev . Mr . Tyrrell , entered-the court in a few momenta afterwards and took hia seat at the side bar . Tae other traversers wero previous ) v in attendance . Mr , Cantwell immediately afterwards said—I now hand in the plea of Mr . O'Connell .
Chier Justice—Is Air . O'Connell present ? Mr . O'Couaell here rose and bowed to the court . The Clerk of tha Crown then read the plea . which was in the usual form of a plea of u Not Guilty . " Pitas were then handed in for John O'Connell , Thomas Steele , Richard Barrett , John Gray , Thomas M Ray , tbe Rev . Peter J . Tyrell , Charles Gavau Duffy , and the Rev . Mr . Tierney .
Tao Clerk of the Crowa then said—All the defendants have handed in to me pleas of " Not Guilty . " Tae Attorney-General inquired if all the p ] eag were similar ? Mr . Cantwell replied in the affirmative . Attorney- General—The Clerk of the Crown will add a similiter . I myself state it are , tenus , and join issue on those pleas , and the Clerk of the , Crown . vriU take it down from me . The Attorney General again rose after a shorfc pause and said—I know an objection might probably be made if I applied to the court without notica to the traversers to fix a day for the trial N « n « z » will will be served oa each of the travelers in S course of this day for Friday , when- IwmSv tt a trial at bar ha this coaS . I cainoTnow P Lke SgTn ^ to iffft
a Sfafbar 06 " 11 ^ yOa me ^ on ed applying for Sm ^ * " AteiSSMS A ^ $ SS £ n iJmn *' ^ a * *** Mr . Attorney-Goneral-No , my Lord . Chi 9 rjustice-Do yon , Mr . Haichell ! Mr . Hatchell-. No , my Lord . thffw'fW a ? l th \ othertrayelsers then lef t SLSf ' ° ll 0 W 8 d by the majority of thepersons
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Mr , O'Connor will be in Nottingham on Monday next , the 27 tb inst ., and will address the Chartists at eight o ' clock in the evening . On Monday , tha 4 tb of December , he will be at Liverpool ; on Tuesday , the 5 th , at Wigan ; on Wednesday , the 6 th , at Hyde , at seven o ' clock in the evening ; and at nine the same eveningl ; and on Thursday , at Manchester . . Bolton—The members of the Association are requested to attend next Sunday evening at seven o ' clock , in their meeting room . ¦ Stafford—A general meeting of - tho Chartists of this town will be holden at the house of Mr . Wm . Halden , Helley ' s-Mjuare , on , Monday evening next , at seven o ' clockon business of importanoe .
, AsHTOs-uNDfc . R-i . YNE—Mr . Wm , Bell , of Heywood will lecture iu the Chartist Association Room , Cavendish-street , on Sunday , 26 thJhst . at sis o ' clock in the evening . ^ Ilkeston . — The Chartist Association of this town will commence their tveekly meetings on November 27 th , at seven in the evening , and every subsequent Monday , ior the purpose of reading the Northern Star , Nottingham Review , Chartist Circular , and other democratic publications , ; in their Room , at Mr . Slocks , Ra'h-stroet , Ilkeston .
AUcclesfield . —A dinner party will be held in the Cnartist Room , Stanloy-street , on Thursday , Nov . 30 tb , at eight o ' clock m the evening , to commemorate the liberation of Mrs . Walker and Mr . Barnett . Air . Samuel Bentote will be liberated tha eaint : day , and will addrass the party after the cloth is drawn . Ladies' tickets one shilling each ; gentlemen's , oae shilling and threepence ; may be had of John Warren , Crompton-road , or Mr . Har ^ roaveSi Waters-green . Bury . —Mr . Christopher Doyle , from Manchester , will deliver two lectures in the Garden-street Lecture Roam , on Sunday ( to-morrow ) , at half-past two o'clock in the afternoon , and at six in the evening . Royion . —Mr . Taylor , of Royton , will ueliver : a lecture here on Wednesday the 29 th inst , at ei ^ hfc o'clock in the evening .
Oldham—On Sunday (> . o * morrow ) Mr . F . A Taylor , of Royton , will leci / Ure in the Chartist Room , Greaves-strtet , at six o ' clock in the evening . Mk . M'Giura ' a RftBis-iftr ^ h » Henauiiig week : — Snnday , Stoekport ; Monday , Wiraslow ; Tuesday , N . irthwich ; Wednesday , Middlewich ; Thursday , Nen . ' feich ; and Fricay , Congleton , Stocknort . Sheffield . — -O n Sunday evening , Mr . West will deliver his second lecture in tho room . Fig Tree-lane , on "The Wrongs of Ireland . " Tao lecture will embrace the following subjects : —Tbe nature , cause , aud origin of various outrages , absenteeism , landlordism , the clearing system , the jury pystpm . the sub-iettmg act , and fixity of tenure . To commence at half-past six o ' clock precisely . Adm ' ssion , ona penny . On Monday evening , there will be a public meeting ; several friends will take part in the proceeding .
Clitheroe . —Tbe concluding part of the lecture upon : " Christianity and Chartism" will be delivered in the Cnartist Room , York-street , at six o ' clock ia the < vening . The Nokth Lancashire delegate meeting will ba held in the Social Institute , Padiham , on Sunday , December 3 rd , 1843 , at twelve o'clock precisely , Manchcster . —tHARtrsT Painters . —A lecture will b © delivered m the Chartist Painters' Reading Room , Watson-street , Peter ' s-street , by Mr . Jame 3 Leach , on Wednesday evening next , ths 29 th . insti Chair to be taken at eight o ' clock .
The Shareholde r * of the Chartist Hall , Manchester , are requited to attend a mi'eting , to be held in the Chartist Painters' Room , Watson-street , Peter-street , on Tuesday evening next , the 28 th iu .-it ., for the purpose of electing directors for tha ensuing trvelve months . Carpenters' Haix . —A lecture will be delivered in the above ilali , on Sunday ( to-morrow ); chair to be taken at half-past six o ' clock ia the evening . Salford . —A lecture will be delivered in the Charter Association Room , George's-street , Chapelstreet , Salford , on Sunday ( to-morrow ); chair to ba taken at six o ' clock in the evening .
Bury—Two lectures will be delivered in the Garden-street lecture room , on Sunday ( to-morrow ) , by Mr . C . Doyle , of Manchester . The afternoon's lecture to commence at half-past two o ' clock , and the evening ? , at half-paet six . Rochdale . —Two lecturee will be delivered in the Charter Association Room , Rochdale , on Sunday , ( to-morrow ) , by William Dixon , of Manchester Chair to be taken at half-past two in the afternoon , and half-past six in the evening . On Monday , the 27 ^ h , Mr . Dixon will address an opeH air meeting of coal miners , to be holden oa Crankey Shaw , at eleven o ' clock ic the forenoon . Dt-WSBURv . —A public meeting will be held on Sunday night at six o'clock , Nov . 26 , in the Large Room , over the Co-operative Store Market Piace , Dewsbury .
Halifax . —Mr . Flinn will lecture here on Sunday eveniug next at six o ' clock . Route of Mb . Kyod , of Newcastle , for next week : — Monday , Bradford ; Tuesday , Xeighley ; Wednesday , Bradford , in the Temperance Roomsj Thursday , Dewsbury ; and Friday , Birstal . Bar > sley —The Barnsley Chartists are requested to meet at Pickering ' s Room , at two o'clock oa Sunday , on business of great importance . Lo . vgton—Potteries . —The shareholders of . the Longfcon Working Men ' s Hall and Scientific Institute are requested to attend a quarterly meeting on Tuesday eveuing , Dec . 5 th , at seven o'clock , on important business , at the house of Mr . John Hamnett , New Inn , Churoh-street , Longlon .
Latest From Ireland.
LATEST FROM IRELAND .
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YOL- YII . NO . 315 . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER , 25 , 1843 . PWCB , ™ °± ^ ir ^^ r
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1843, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct678/page/1/
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