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•m THi: rXM)LOTlDS OF ENGLAND.
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Sorti^n %nteTli£ence
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CvaDcs' £43 Qbcuicnt£
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gottm tiUMon.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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•M Thi: Rxm)Lotlds Of England.
• m THi : rXM ) LOTlDS OF ENGLAND .
Mr Lou * * x » CiEjrrLQtts , —Itunownearly four MHtuoerl addressed a erics of letteafrum afclou ' * 1 &ia . ¥ «* Castle to thel * ndfcrds of Ireland ; and tfkoag b the thai aigxa of the times foroifhed a fair Yxming Jo Toarorfer , and although every prediction jfcii I then ventured vcpon is now in course of fulfilment , yet hare yon been dead , dnll , and * tuj > id io all £ om outward andT -risible signs" -ohich manifest a ¦ Hiring hatred of toot class , as veil as a fixed determination to make jwtr the victims of all those social jad political anomalies -which constitute the stock-in-^ ge of agitators and grievance-Eiongers of ever * jjrt and denomination . If a peasant is starving and
jaies one of your napes , and ia prosecuted , his suffer-^ , g is a god-send to some philantrophic free-trader , jf joar workpeople cannot , get work , the fault is all y jaeed to yqnr account / If any failure in speculations fcr the China orTjadiama&et takes place , the landjenbhaTe done it . If trade Sags at home , and if ^ eradres are starving , ryouju * charged -with the ^ nne . In short , jkw appear io l > e the doomed section if society on whom &ty ^~ ii $ Priine Minister to the nnnate of tl » union * ra&i % ee , Bi 2 . y , ijith some plauphle pretext , Tent their spleen ; ~ nor is such reasoning jjjogether nnjost wien ¦ we take into consideration the great social « is -well as political poirer that your class las been in possession of for centuries , a great pop-£ tm of which von still retain .
33 ieie is ihis ^ reat difference between your position and that of the manufacturing class incorporated in liree-trade leasne- ^ The manufacturers , it is true , aught considerably hetterthe condition of their workpeople , and yet make larger profits on their labour ilan any other class of capitalists ; but you taxe it in TocB power io make ererv other class in the " state , as well as yourselves , wholly independent of man ' s great enemy—machinery . The iree-traders hare it not in their power to "better the condition of the working
classes , without making what they term " a sacrifice " rf their profits : "but you have it in your power to render the -working classes wholly independent of the STaxice and rapidity of master-manufacturers . "What 1 have always struggled for is this—to induce the landlords , who are in every way kinder masters , iftfer men , better neighbours , better friends , and letter members of society , than the manufacturers , to reform thtmeth 1 ** in such a way as would make the chsEg ? universally beneficial , instead of allowing that danire to be worked for the benefit of cauiblinir
spenxburs-For trn vears 1 have been telling you that the landlords themselves can safely produce a change ¦ jihich w 21 protect them against all foreign eompeti-Tation : whereas , if theirobaunacT leads to those inno _ jjons-srhieh the free-tradersTriUsooBeror Inter enforce , then . In the hubbub" imd confusion of onstinsr tenant ? , disposing of stock , made a fictitious surplus by the necessity of all to sell , together with the dismissal of aencaltnral labourers ; if yon wait for that—ihat is , io he reformed by others—as sure as that an all-wise Greater rules over us , so surely will society make a fresh division of your properties ! Don ' t be foolish .
Dtm ' t hope to hedge yourselves in , ienced by the Lords and the Commons . The next cry of hunger will lerei those two irreat bulwarks of your order . The reason irhvl hailed the statesman-like tariff of SirR . Teel -with pleasure and delight was , because it furnished von with a graduating scale , whereby the evil effects jf tree-trade might have been averted . Y ou hope to B > eet ihef resent clamour against your order by tall-ing sbtmi , " a stake in the hedge ; * ' " protection for lalonx : " " lialhs and "washherases ; parts and iraprovejaent societies : and you even drrenre into the field oi politics to an extent whereby you hope to injure poptilar hostility towards the League .
One section of your order advocates j-tpir mon-y jaid trades combinations , as a means of protecting the labour of the working classes from the aggression * - ef capital . ? vdw these thinp are all so much moon iHne . I idl yon , that yem alone can make the required change ; and therefore , knowing it , if you dn not take the required step , you wlQ be justly chargeable with all the distress and confusion that take * - place . The subject of the land and its capabilities was looked on as one uninteresting to the masses , am ; BDwortbT of consideration or thonght when J fii > i
broached it : now , however , it i . as become the all-absorbing topic ; the , " Aaron " i n * Z" of adtation : and Xhe ino'ariedce T ^ at the working classes hare aetjuireti Bpon the subject will be yoar best protection against ihe conspiracy of the free-tra-lers . if it induces you to eoHU'ly with "popular rr . jum-ments . GaUon anc eli ] Sanna t ^ ere a kind of political allotments : anrl the middle classes were dcraacJing their destructionwhen tier -svere looking for the Reform Bill . Your order rvsined the h ^ n-r demand . untiJ at length you were eomx > elled to submit to the greater infliction oi
TL-- T-ei-pW are now a . ~ kins tor snail farms ; just ssiScitfii ; for each man to apply his individual labour , Trtic-L 1 = ti = capital . The subdivision of 5 ome oi your larce barren , rack-rent wilds , into small rallivataabie allotments of four acres « ach , will enable yon to bring y . > ar lacJ , cow a wa . -ie aud a drug in tie hands of lar-je farmers , from the wholesale into the retail -marker ; anu you will iLereby open a com-TWtitrre field H > r free labour , and establish a standard of-sTaces by -srhich the free-traders will be bound . You ian > i l > e aware that labour is the only source of wealth and that the only way of giving the labourer his tair share of wealth is , bv putting him in a situation ' where he mav work for luinself without hindrance
crmolestation from other parties . You mn > t also be aware of the impossibility of meeting the national nemand that will presently be made Bpon your estates , as well as the private demands for your personal liabilities ; and you will be very lucky , if , instead of the Malt Tax being repealed ( Jcrinsthe nertsession , Sir Robert Peel does not pass some kw which will directly or indirectly impose fresh burthens on the land . Should such be the case
eo one can piry you . It is all very well to meet , and eat , and drink , and talk , and sympathize : but . nobody win feel for yon , or can defend you , so long as you iirethe power , without the intervention oflaw , of correcting every single grievance of which you complain . It is no satisfaction to the poor who cannot drink Bulk , or eat staB-fed beef , to hear that cows leed upon 2 id . a day Trill grre good cream for the hreakfoit-table : or that oxen mav be fed to a ton
"weight . The people know , or are beginning to understand , that both the cream and the beef are the prodnee of labour ; and that if labour Bad feir play xhey could taste those thing 3 as well as hear of them . You have latterly endeavoured to get up a kind of coimttr agitation to the Anti-Corn Law League . 3 H * i « more of your nonsense . The only way in which you could po « slbly meet them , -aye , and defeat them too , is sr doixg , tclali tJ ^ y an tall-ing . You risk money in many speculations ; but how can the Poor i ^ o ^ Je Lare any respect for your order when not a pound is rpect in the proper direction ? If we asked you to do too much for the poor , why then there Bught Le a feasible excuse for not doing anvthing .
But now I Trill place something tangible before you . ioa can get thousands subscribed for ^ purposes which ^ l ifl not devdope the value of labour : why not try a little to advance Its cause ? Try one experiment . I * 31 not go beyond a 1 , 000 acres ; and if your several irasaBe societies will purchase 1 , 000 acres ; or if one landlord will subdivide 1 , 000 acres of tolerably fair land into S 5 Q allotments of four acres each , and lease & «» ( at a corn-rent ) for evir , to 250 working menixiing bnBt a cottage , and advanced £ 40 for stock toea < a—] TriD venture to say that in three years the plan -win become general : the labourers contented "; the country at peace . The manufacturers and shopieepers -srould find this new population to be better CBrtomers than either Chinese or Indians .
i -rifl make the calculation for yon , although eirery" ^ proposedforthefbenefit of the poor has something 80 "impracticable" about it as to deter many from totenng upon it Take 1 , 000 acres , now worth £ 1 * a acre , hmzoi paid ; subdivide It into 250 farms of «« r acres each ; build a cottage worth £ 30 on each tk acres , to which the tenant as he improves may add pleasure ; gire « very man £ 40 capital to commence
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with ; and at a money-rent , no man would refuse to dre £ 10 a year for that " take ; " that is , £ 1 an acre for the land , and nearly seven per cent , for the capital and money expended on the cottage . . " . O , but , " sayg some cautious Economist , " the rascals would run off with the £ 40 . " Well , then , to provide against such a remote possibility , expend it yourselves , Buy the necessary stock ; put the ne cessary furniture into the house ; mark all as your own ; hire it for three years , on condition that the takers shall perform all the required conditions , and tnat if they pay off the £ 90 at the end of three years , they shall have the land for £ 1 an acre , or £ 4 a Tear for ever .
Now I pledge my Tery existence that the 250 men so situated would , within three years , pay off the £ 90 , ererr man of them . If any were dishonest , they could neither remove the house , nor a particle of the stock or furniture that you had purchased- Thua I show you the capabilities of the soil , and the value of labour when applied to it for the labourer ' s own benefit . It is in your power to try it ; and if you don ' t , who will say that you ought not to
bear the consequences of your own neglect ? If improxidence has made you too poor to furnish the required capital , ghe the land , and I will undertake to say that the required amount of capital shall be forthcoming . Do this ; and you will have relieved yourselves from tiiat irell-nierittfd obloquy so unsparingly heaped upon you . You will have destroyed the League , while you have increased your own properry . You will have considerably enhanced the securitv for vour rent . You will nave convinced
the people that you are their friends in deed as well a 3 in word . You will have made the labourer contented with his lot , and will have restored the English aristocracy to that place in the affection of the working classes , from which nothing but their own neglect could have dislodged them . Let the firs colony be called Yocxg Esglaxd , if you will ; and then , when the working classes understand what you mean by " a stake in the hedge , '' they trill join v < m in planting it ifi-re . Until you have recourse to some practical means by which the value of labour , when applied to the land , can be made generally beneficial , you wtil have done nothing ; when you accomplish thisjn-diid national object , then I will subscribe mvself ,
Your most obedient , very humble and obliged -servant , Feabgcs O'Coxxoh . P . S . —I will give you a year ' s stewardship arath if you . establish this first home-labour-colonv .
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FRANCE . PzBSEcxTTo * of thx Pkkss . —M . Bernays , editor o : the G-erman journal Torn-arts [ " Go-ahead " j , i-rinted in Paris , was sentenced by the Court of Corrittional Police , on Friday , to two months imprisonment , and a line of 300 f ., for publishing his paper \\ ithoutharins previously deposited the usual security , h was stated publicly , and believed , that the prosecut : oa was instituted at the request of the Prussian Minister in Paris , in consequence of the appearance i 3 . the YonvajX ! of an article justifying in some nieasuiv the attempt of Tschech against the life ol" the i \ inr of Prn «
sia-DsiLUtfTL State op Paeis . —Resists o ? Mnroix-- i . vss RrL £ . —The unprotected state of the public iuainst the hordes of criminals at large in Paris has excited much alarm there . The Rcformc states that a number of persons had written to the Prefect of 1 ' oiice in ParLx , to inform him that their affairs oblis :-iiu : them to remain out to a late hour of the night , aijti not wishing to be murdered in the street . * , they s .: o"old hereafter walk armed with loaded canes , poinanlsj and pistols . SPAIN .
Tjte Rzio . v or Tebbor . —Madrid , I > ec . ftrn . — Matters do not go so smoothly with General > i ; irv . ipz in Madrid as in the northern province * . In < A -1 < 1 Castile and in the Basque provim-e * be and hi . s t > v , L < are allowed to shoot to their heart's rontt-nt i ..-neral Brvton has already shot twelve of the un-Laiipy insurants in HecLo and Anzo without trial , .-i . 'iJ no qut-5 ti- ) i : * asked . More executions are 1 follow , and the cr ime of over-humanity , whieh , in thv ca ^ e of ( Generals Uribc and Bayona led to their ilisiiii ^ sal , is likely to be religiously avoided by their sr . c-« -t-7- « rs . Ie > Jadrid , however , matters go otherwise . ' . ¦ <•! . Rcncifo , ' ' aptain Garcia , and Doctor Arilla , •• vcro condVnii »* ''d a few days ago to death by a court njartiaJ , corup-oed of such materials as . Narvaez ik--li-hts in , for : i c-onspiracy which it is believed never < -Sj ~ ted ; and « oine eisht or ten others were sent to
tin-galleys forilie same eruae . Col . Rengifo and ln > .-ompanions in misfortune were to be executed ou the "JiL , but , unhappily for Narvaez , the President o ) li . r . Suprejuf 'Iribunal of War and > Lirine declared tuc proceedings illegal tand for his honesty be has iieeu dismis-ed ) , and the Court of the Audienza # jn : \ shed the v » bole oi ' the proceedings , so that the lives ©; these uufurtunate individuals are saved for a time •^ t least , altiiough it is probable that the unscrupulous ptrsoD . igiS in the cabinet will still succeed in destroying the victims of their vengeance . Sixtj inhabitants of Barcelona had been transported to C ; irrliagena , in consequence of the encumbered state oi the prisons of the first of those cities . M . Francisco Castanys , a fftrmer deputv , and M . Ezechiel Porcel , ex-Administrat-or of the Finances , had been arrested as Barcelona , and banished to Palma .
Attempted lssuHBEf-no > - at Cakthage > a . —The Government at Madrid received letters from Carthagena , on the i » th , which stated that an attempt at insurrpction had been made in that place by the populace , but that it had been suppressed bv the authorities , and that the town was quiet at the departure of the courier . The Thattob Lopez . —M . Jose Maria Lopez has published a pamphlet containing an account of the principal political events which occurred in Spain during the Administration of the 9 th of May , 1843 , and subsequeutlv to the existence of the Provisional i iovernment , T * he pamphlet , it is said , discloses important secrets . The Journal det Debate , of Monday , announces that tbe'Queen of Spain had pardoned Colonel Rengifo and his two . associates , who had been sentenced to . ieath bv a court-martial .
SWITZERLAND . > CFPKE 8 SIO ? i OF THB IjfSCBBECTlOS . —PaBIS , Dec . 14 . By the last accounts Lucerne was a ^ ain so far tranquil that the authorities felt confident they should be able topreserre order , and declined to receive reinforcements , which tbev had in the first instance requested , from the neighbouring Catholic cantons . \ Ye are assured , however , tliat though the affair is for the moment put down at Lucerne , a very serious scrusjrle is impending- between the Catholics and Protestants of the republic generally . The SdvetU states that a great number of persons had been killed and -wounded on both sides ; that the tocsin was sounding throuo-hout the country ; and that numerous
volunteers were coming to the aid of the vanquished . Among others , the volunteers of Argovia , Berne , Soleure , and Basle , are said to be on the march . Tire canton of Berne has sent troops to the borders of the canton to watch events , and in this state affairs remain by the latest accounts . But even if the present movement be put down , -which from all accounts it will very probably be , other insurrectjons ¦ will certainly follow , for in tke exasperated state of the feelings of a large portion of the people—an exasperation produced by the bad faith of the authorities — It is not likely that either party will be satisfied with the present state of things . The following is an extract of a letter dated Berne , Dec . I Oth , 1 S 44 : — f
" Bv the arrivals rom Lucerne this morning , we learn that lie city is filled with troops , and that arrests continue to be made . The Jesuits trinmph to the full extent ^ f the -word , thanks to the means of seduction they haVe employed . Dr . Steiger , one of tie chiefs of the Libera ] partT , " wlio is paying dj imprisonment ibr his opposition to the Jesuits , is a man of mind and energy , who was the onlj one that could rally the Liberal party of the country , which tos tritbont leaders . Colonel Knggenbuhler , another chief of the Liberal party , has succeeded in escaping
into the territory of Berne . Many other fugitives have succeeded in getting over the border ; but although our Government feels the necessity of stopping the reaction , it Trill consider twiee before it makes any demonstrations which may become a signal for a general conflict in Switzerland . Tie people , however , -who do not look so closelT to tie federal compact , are discontented -with this forbearance . A volunteer from Argau , who joined the expedition against Lucerne , vrrites from Arau lasi ni ^ t , that nearly all the eight hundred volunteers ajv returned , -worn out xriti fetigue , and dissatisfied at not
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having met ivith any support from the people of the places through which they passed . There has been , nevrrtheleKg , a serious engagement at the bridge of the Smme , half a league from Lucerne , in which there were killed and wounded on both sides . The volunteer * cu $£ ceeded in forcing the passage but finding no one on thV other ride ready or willing to join theni , they retired , and w ere nearly cut off at Sureee . "
RUSSIA . The Ijiperul CEXSORgJiip . —The Courrhr Franeais says : — " Formerly the Russian censorship had contented itself with covering with black ink the articles of the foreign journals , the reading of which it would not permit in Russia , but for some time past , the Russian police having discovered that by means of a chemical preparation the reading-rooms of Poland were able to render the printed characters legible , the censorship has ordered these articles to- be cut out , without paying any attention to the fact that the scissors at the same time invaded the offending article and the innocent matter at the back . In consequence , the Russian Gazette recommends snch journalB as have subscribers in Russia to print their sheets only on one side , leaving the back blank . "
TURKEY . CossT ^ finiOPLE , Nov . 22 . —The representative of Great Britain has suddenlyleft this capital , having embarked on board the English man-of-war , which is always at his disposal . It is not known what direction he has taken ; but this sudden departure has given rise to many suppositions . There are persons wha think that this resolution was taken in consequence of the difference which arose between the British Ambassador and the Porte about the recent conduct of the Pflrha of Trebizond towards the British consul there .
UNITED STATES . Liverpool , Mo . vdat . —The British and North American Royal mail steam-ship , Britannia , Captain Hewitt , arrived in the Mersey this morning . The Electjox . —The final result of the Presidential contest has reached us . Thenumber of electoral votes for Polk was 170 ; for Clay , 105 : majority oi electoral votes for Polk , 65 . Air . Polk , the Xau York- Herald says , Is to visit Philadelphia previous to his inauguration . Co . ngeess . —Tho second session of the twenty-eighth Congress was to commence on the 2 d inst ., " andthe President ' s message would probably be delivered on the following day . It was expected to reach New York about the 4 th inst ., in which case we may look for it by the next steamer ^ which will arrive about the 29 th . Speculation was bnsy as to the manner jn which it would touch upon the questions before the country . It is generally agreed that the annexation of Texas will be strenuously urged .
The A > ti-Rent Wab . —The Philadelphia correspondent of the Moniinp ChromtU says—I regret to state that the anti-rent disturbances , or rather the rebellious movements against paying rents to tin : Van Rennsalatr family , have been renewed in Van Kennsalaer and other counties of the state of New York . Expixwios , &c . —There has been another dreadful steam-boat explosion , that of the Tipcr , below New Orleans , killing six persons . It will be a matter of jrrcat satisfaction to hear , that Captain Paxton , of the ship Elizabeth , with the passengers and crew , who were conjectured to have been drowned , have reached Canipeachy , and thence taken passage to New Orleans , where they arrived on the 11 th ult . We have no particulars , merely an announcement of the fact .
CAXADA . Seizure or Arms . —We have little news from I auada . r I he Governor-General ' s opening speech vij \ & anxiously awaited . No official return of his majority iu the Legislature has reached us . A company oftbeSOth Regiment seized 120 stand of arms at a shanty belonging to the Irish labourers on the Lachine ( . ' anal . This is a bad symptom . Dr . Nelson , one ol the leaders in the Canada outbreak of 1837-8 , has been elected a member of the new provincial Parliament . ' Timpvra mutantur , < tc .
MEXICO AND TEXAS . Alarming State of Mexico . —The New Orleans Fi' -ayuhe of the l " th ult .. rives the following summary of Mexican intelligence , the date of wlucli is from the eify of Mexico as late as the 2 nd . — " The most important intelligence we have yet read is the refusal of the Chamber of Deputies to vote the loan required by the Mexican Executive for carrying on the campaign against Texas . Those best informed in Mexican affairs think a revolution inevitable—many that the train is already laid , and that the explosion will be beard immediately . The Minister of Finance , Figueras , has resigned his position . Grievous charges had been made against him , and be had previously expressed bis deMiv to retire from the Administration , but the wishes of hus associates in power induced him to remain . Ur ' uena . the miscreant who inflivted
an atrocious outrage upon a Frenchman at Mazatlan , has boen convicted arid sentenced to eight , years' im pri&on-ittent . He has appealed , however , from the decision . Some of the Mexican papers assert that this man ' s crimes have i > een grossly exaggerated . In New Mexieo therr have been " more Indian « Ksturhant-es . An attempt was made to assassinate the Governor in his own house . Fortunately it was unsuccessful , and the criminal was himself killed . Various encounters between the Indians near Abiquieh and the Mexicans had taken place , in which many men were killed . The Mexicans , as usual , attribute a 71 these collisions to the enmitv of" the Americans , foolishly supposing that the Indians arc supplied with their ammunition , A-c ., from the American trading jui ^ ts . The Censor of Vera Cruz announces the dei > arture of the President Santa Anna from hisAa «< m )< t oi Mango de Clave to meet his bride at Encero . "
Ixscrrectiox in Mkxioo . —It is reported in Galveston , by a gentlemanjust from the west , that intelligence had readied San Antonio that all Northern Mexico along the Rio Grande is now in a state of revolt against the dictator . The report , as brought . by a Mexican major , who represents himself as having deserted from General AY oil ' s army , is , that Arista is now marching for the city of Mexico with an army of 17 , 000 men—that he is already beyond the mountains , and that bis numbers are daily and rapidly increasing by fresh recruits from all the surrounding country . It is stated that the spiiit of revolution is universal and overwhelming . The Texa ? j Congress was to meet on the 2 nd instant .
TURKEY . Sib Stratford Canning . —The Herald of Wednesday denies the truth of the statement that the British Ambassador at the Porte had struck his Hag . The fact is ( says the Herald ) , Sir Stratford has left Constantinople , but on a pleasure excursion to the island of Tenedos , and he -would have returned on the 26 th , but a north wind blowing down the Dardanelles delayed the upward-progress of the steamer . It is true that difficulties had occurred between the Porte and Sir Stratford Canning , arising out of the
misconduct of the Pacha of Trebisond , and that the answer given by the Porte was not of a satisfactory nature . The departure of the British Ambassador from the Turkish capital at such a moment naturally led to misconstruction on the part of those not acquainted with his Excellency ' s intentions ; and we are glad to have from our correspondent so satisfactory an-explanation of the whole case . A Fire broke out on the 17 th at Balikessa , in A sia Manor , which consumed about 1000 houses , including shops and buildings ; and another fire occurred at Constantinople , which reduced to ashes about 100
houses . Dr . "Wooltf . —We are glad to lind , from letters received fi-om Trebisond of the 16 th of November , that Dr . Woolff has arrived in safety at Teheran , on his way to Tabreez and Erzeroum , on his way to England .
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The Doixgs of the Manchester Leaguers . —It has been the practice of the League mouthers in the agricultural districts , if any person dared to call in question their treatment of the factory operatives , tc refer the objectors to the Manchester operatives , who would soon convince tliem that the statements of the opponents of the League were without foundation . Indeed they have repeatedly asserted that the working classes of Manchester were all members of the League . The various meetings which have been held by the operatives of late , have done much towards bringing to light the real opinions of the workies on this subject . When the workmen give a recital of the abominable robberies they are subject
to , they invariably conclude with— "and these arc the men who want to . Live us a big loaf !' ' At a meeting of Power-loom V . " cavers ,. a few days since , the following statements \' . x-re made concerning one of those fellows always to be found on the right band of the ehairman at the ticketed meetings of the " Plague . ; " and , bye-the-bye , this gent Is a reverend preacher . He is to be seen oh the Sunday with black coat and white cravat , mounting the pulpit , and hurling heaven ' s vengeance against the poor sinner who dares to take a walk in the fields on the Sabbath , after being confined for six long days in his stinking factory . He pays a person six shillings per week for supplying his mill with hot water for the work-people , while he makes the workers pay himnine shillings . ' and iis lore of Christian justice is so intense , that it signifies not whether the worker
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i , ftl 1 S r , r ^ Or not - U ImiBt "* PaiU for . Due man w « kS & * *! # «* - « J < ' <™ "" ho tin ..- l . o had mTn SlTnt ? lqUK ; n . liIl 0 (! lat . andl » iw '«] il . at tlii * SarALS * f " ¦ fcWjW" worker ) and limnlv S ^* yw water , of which they had never « w I thlnfa ^ Sf S-f ?* i « H- He pay / a manforoilin , Swt £ fteen Bhillings per * eek , for which hi fwL i ? - pay twenty-four shillings per week , thereby pocketing nine shillings per week Sometime n ^ nIf K , uPwa ^« of £ 90 in fines from his workpeople and then , with aU the hypocrisy imaginable , ¦ ¦ i £ ., M i I DiaPensary and Infirmary . We would ask , how can . j ther Christianity , Corn Law 5 j u reetotaJisiu prosper whilst they are represented by such men as those ? At a meetine of the
Beamen and Twisters , held last week , the chairman made some statements which we think the public have a right to know . They relate to another rcverend Corn Law Repealing millocrat . This reverend geitf used to grve a little boy twopence per week for carrying hot water to the factory . He had to go eleven times backwards and forwards for the twopence . A few weeks ago the hands turned out for an advance of wages , which turnout occasioned the boy to . carry the water only ten times instead of eleven . Of course he must be " bated , " and bated he wasone penny out of the twopence . ! After these examples of pettifogging pillage , we think there will be no surprise that such men , by such means , should soon become rich , earning themselves the just reprobation of all good men . —Manchester Correspondent .
Mabtleboxbp — Trades' Unions and their Effects . —A numerous and highly respectable meeting assembled in the Investigation HaJl , Circus-street , Ntsw-road , Marylcbone . on Tuesday evening , December 17 th , to hear Fcargus O'Connor , Esq ., deliver a public lecture on Trades' Unions , and their effects on society . At eight o ' clock Mr . Aldous was unanimously called to the chair , and briefly opened the meeting by reading an abstract of the People's Charter . He then calledon Mr . O'Connor to address the meeting . Mr ; O'Connor , on rising , was greeted with much cheering . He said the chairman had read an abstract of the Charter ; he ( Mr . O'C . ) supposed the chairman did so because he knew that the audience had been long absent from school , and must ,
therefore , have forgotten their lesson . ( Laughter . ) However , the Charter was a good thing , and would bear repetition . ( Cheers ' . ) Masters , when it suited their interest , patted the men on the back , and professed to admire Unions ; but if the Trades , by union , endeavoured to upheld their rights as men , their Unions instantly became pernicious , and things to be put down . Ilehaialways admired Trades' Unions ; and he believed , if a Chartist Parliament assembled tomorrow , that tiiat Parliament would advocate Trades " Unions , as a means of carrying out into detail what was necesgarj- to be done . " Trades' Unioiis were like political societbs : the latter , if successful , were the glory and admiration of the world ; but when unsuccessful , their leaders were traitors . So ol Trades' Unions ; if they succeeded , they wenthe lights of the world , but , when imsuceessfnl .
their officers were plotters against the peace and good order of society , and only fit for the felon ' s cell or the convict hulk&y { hear , hear ) . The most important Union and Strike he had ever witnessed was that-of tha Colliers ; and he only regretted that it had not met vith that success it so much merited—^ cheers ) . Sir J . Graham wished to intimidate all Trades through the Miners ; and as that body had struck , and applied themselves to the law instead of to riot , confusion , and destruction of property —( hear , hear ) , tho Conmons said the law is too powerful iti their favonr— 'tis too strong for us—we must changethe laws ani crush all such combinations—( U ^ av , hear ) . He ( Mr . O'C . ) contended that Parliament should exist for { lie protection of labour ; and it meetings like that he was addressing did not tend to the comfort , welfare , and happiness of the people , he would retire and never attend another , Dunconibc
( cheers ) , aided by the Trades , had strangled the monster-measure < yf : last session ( cheers ) . Lord Fitzwilliam , a philanthropist , bad said from his $ > laee in the House of Lordsj that " the working classes ought not to repine , as there always was poor , and it was written they should 'never cease out of the land . '" True it was so written ; but it was not written that the same persons should always continue poor— ( hear , hear ) . There might be a change of placea—( cheersj _ Lord Fitzwilliam went to Sheffield , and lie there said that Government should put Trades' Unions down , either bynioral or physical power ( hear , hear ); and tin Messrs . Chambers , ; of F . dinburgh , had come to tht Earl's assistance with their pen , with Poor Law Chadwiok at thojr elbow—( hear , hear ) . But he con
tended that the thousands united could always beat the tens—( cheers ) . Well , then , why should there not he one . genera ! Union of aU Trades for the protection of all i The mastei-s now fought one trade against the other . ( Hear , hear . ) It was the top sawyers , the . aristocrats in the Trades , that oppressed the pitman or democrat . ¦ Yes , the , men with 3 tis . or X ' J per week thought their day of evil would never come ;—and it was this that caused the disunion ; this internal strife that the masters took advantage of . ( I fear , hear . ) Let a general I ' nion of all be formed , : uk \ it would inspire confidence , give strength to all , and lead to great- and important results . ( Loud cheers , i He would show the value of union ; and could not better illustrate liis po&ition than bv pointing to the
Trades of Sheffield . They had united—and soon saw tin- necessity of restricting the hours of labour— 'and the result was , they earned , on an nvercige , wore by working eight hours than they did , when labour was unrestricted , wnen they worked fourteen or fifteen hours . ( Cheers . ) . Just suppose that a butcher had l > ut a small quantity of meat in this market—why , his meat brought a larger price : but if he had a large quantity , the market would be . overstocked , nia } the meat woufd lie depreciated iu money-value . I Hear , hear . ) He admitted the axiom , that when oiie channel of labour closed another opened : but the people should be supplied with the means of reaching that other channel . ( Hear , hear . ) Not only had the trades of Sheffield found the advantage arising
from the restriction of hours of labour , but the colliers had experienced its blessings likewise . He believed machinery would prove a blessing , if made man's holiday instead of nujn ' s curse ... He would quote a working man of the name of . Butterworth , who , in repl y to Air . Cobden , said , '' You may go to bed by machinery , get up by machinery , ea ' t your food by machinery , p ick your teeth by machinery—or do 'anything else you please with it—providing you do not make machinery take the loaf off my table , or the bed from under me . " ( Cheers . ) Freetraders might say what they liked ; but he had seen mills lighted up all night , and little children only allowed half an hour ' s rest out of nine or ten hours . ( Hear , hear . ) If it required just 100 o
hands to do the work of a certain district , and an extra 100 hands came from a distance among them , and they were allowed to compete , the result would be , that in a short time wages would be reduced from & > s . down to 20 s . ( hear , hear ); but if the VOoO were united , and knew their duty , when the 100 men came , instead of letting them go to work , they would provide them with means and let them go and take a cold bath with the Bishop of London , or a walk with Lord J . Edgerton in the grotto and pleasure grounds provided ; or have a lounge In the library and read Coningsby . ( Laughter and applause . ) By this means they would keep up wa ges and maintain a respectable position in society . ( Loud cheers . ) He would-admit that so long as the Spinners could obtain
35 s . a week they looked upon the land as a dronish , plodding occupation ; but machinery had " stepped in and taught them a lesson . Perhaps there was some present who might ask what had machinery to do with them up in ¦; London ? What had it to ' do with Tailors , with Shoemakers , with Bricklayers , with Masons , and such like trades ? He would shew them . Machinery did the work of manual labour in the manufacturing districts . Well , the men-thrown out of employ came to London , competed for clerkships , letter-carriers , warehousemen , light porters , and also with those trades which did not require a great amount of skill , iThis is what machinery has to do with those he had named . ( Loud cheers . ) But it was pleasant to find that all writers and talkers had
turned their attention to the land . When he ( Mr . O'Connor ) first directed attention to that subject , ho was called a madman ; however , he had bitten them all , for they could not now take up a newspaper a pamphlet , a magazine , or a novel , but the allotment system stared them in the face . ( Cheers . ) Some one had got hold of the Times newspaper , and Avas writing in favour of Emigration under another name . Young England told them that they ought not to have too much land ; no , only sufficient to amuse the holders , to grow a few flowers for their wife , and a dish of iii . iirowfatfi for themselves . ( Loud laughter . ) If lie ( Mr . O'C . ) had one thing to boast of more than another , it was that he had always taught the people to
rely on themselves ; and that Whigs and Tories were one and the same under different nainee . ( Cheers . ) He had told them—and Mr . Duncombe , in a letter to the Trades of ' Sheffield , stated the fact—that Sir J . Graham was about to introduce another Master and Servants' Bill . ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . Duncombe told him ( Mr . O'C . ) that he would resist it by all means in his power— -igread cheering ); but what could one man ' s voice do without the help of the people ? ( Hear , hear . ) He assured them it was no agreeable task to go amongst the . people , sometimes chastening them and sometimes praising them for some little good they had done £ or themselves . ( Hear , hear . ) All that wrote or spoke from authority did so against the
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working classes . I Hear , hear . i During the agitation for tlu- llt'torm Hill , tU < - vr . idtlU- men Wre the agitators ami the Hoiking nun ( he shnutcrs ! IU' thought lie saw Mr . Jordan , who was their first chairman at the establishment of the great Radical Association jwsent—( hear hear > . A wonderful alteration had , Miice that period , taken place in ( the mind of the country : and now the working classes had ficpome eloquent and sensible speakers—( cheers ) . We had seen a George Jutiim Ilarncy , ami a Pitkethly , standing on the ^ hlistings , opponents of the scions of nobility . At the next election we must . not only get the shew of hands , but the vote too . ] Wilberforce used to boast that he and his party were seven , and with this seven could procure patronage from the Minister .
Now if seven against the Ministerial majority of seventy could effect this , what would a united party of twenty do , with I > uneoml > e as their leader—( Loud cheers ) . If demonstrations took place , they were wafted on the wings of the press across the water to America . But unfortunately the Chartists were not fully represented in the press—( Hear hear ) . The people did not yet evince a sufficient ilegrec of the practicable to carry on a continuous agitation . Tuey were good at a demonstration , but when ! that was over all was done . However , it had its good effect—it caused the people ' s voice to be heard in distant lands . Get twenty men into the House , and they will soon increase to fifty . The only practicable means of obtaining the twenty was by attending to the registration . He had
had no time to arrange for a set lecture , therefore he took a fling at all subjects ; and perhaps that was the most profitable to them . ( Hear , near . ) Lord Ashley , Lord John Manners , Mr . D'Israeli , Mr . Busfield Fcrrand , in fact the Young England party , had resolved to make a dead get at all other parties in the House during the coming session , lie looked on Young England as coadjutors , to ja certain extent . He thought Young England would be inclined to c « urt public opinion—perhaps attend some of their meetings , or call some of their own . jln that case he would recommend that some of their best speakers should be selected to meet them , in a friendly spirit , and instruct them . ( Hear , hear . )! He stood there that evening , advocating the same principles he advocated on the same spot nine years ago ; and he defied
contradiction when he asserted , that he had consistently advocated the same principles during the whole of that period ; and that , too , without a farthing ' s expense to the working man . ( Oreat cheering . ) Well , lie hoped on the 4 th of February next to see half a million accompanying ! Mr .. Duncombe—Labour ' s only Parliamentary Representative—down ' . o the House . ( Immense cheering . ) He was happy to find that all that had gone from them was only the chaff ; and that they were more united tha ' n ever . In fact — like Lord Ross ' s cockstfiev were all on one side . Mr . O ' l ' pnnor resumed his -. wit amidst great cheering . A Mr . Puddiforth then came forward , and said he thought the opposition iv (! ii to the League bv the Chartists had done great
harm to the Chartist cause ( laughter ) , and he just wished to ask Mr . O'Connor to attend to his own lniMuess for the future , and let that other political party , the " League , " alono . Let Mr . O'Connor get the Charter if he could . A t tiie passing of the Reform Hill , he ( Mr . P . ) was an elector of ; Lambeth , and had .. ftiivd to place his vote at the disposal of the unrepresented masses . He thought if the Corn Laws were repealed , the present landowners would be glad to rercpresent thepeople for the £ nO (» a year . Mr . O'Connor , in reply , said , he thought if ever the League was unfortunate " , it was to-night in their advocate . The t-iitleman had said the ottW-t of . EU ? pcal would be to reduce the price of land so low , j that the landlords would lie o-lad to take £ 500 a year ! as representatives
of the people . ( Lawght'T . ) The gentleman advised the Chartists not to fight with the political party called the League . ! Mr . Cobden wont thank him tor that . That gentleman cor tended that the League was »<> t a political party and they proved it the other day , jwhen Colxlcn and Co ., by their votes , kept Peel in office ' . The Leaguecalled the Chartists " Tory Chartists ;" yet the League leaders had kept the Tories in office . Why should tin- Chartists give up their principles to any man or set of men ? ( Loud cheers . ) Only think of those poor men subscribing £ 10 () , < W > ta get rid of a grievance . ( Laughter ) . Let tlwpi give the working class political power , and then be ( Mr . O'C ) would be perfectly content to abide by' the decision come to by the honest working men . ( Great cheering . )— Mr . I ' uddiforth did bv no means wish them to give up
their own principles . —Mr . . lordonsaidhe wished Mr . O'Connor would make it a poini to lay before the people the l > ost means of uetti | ng on tlie register That-was a moat important point . Mr . O Connor , in reply to Mr . Jordan , said , that he was compiling a pamphlet on the subject , and he would publish it 11 ? iiieh a price as should yliuv it Iwithin the reach of ill , and that a * speedily as possible . Mr . Fairer then moved a vote of thanks to . Mr . OTormor for the able wcture he had delivered , which was seconded by Mr . ( .. Lorett , anil carried unanimously amiel loud cheers . Mr . O'Connor responded , and proposed a vote of thanks to the Chairman , jvhich f was carried unanimously . Three loud chews were' then given for the Charter , Duncombe , and Repeal [; three for the ^ ortfaru Star , and throe for ! Vargas O'Connor . Aftt-v the enrolment of . several members , the meeting
dispersed , i Burnley . — A Meeting up the Mechanics , Moulders , Smiths , Miu . « uikhts . Knuixkeus , &c , was held in the Workinu Men's ; News Room , Hanimerton-street , Burnley , when Mr . 1 ' . M'Grath , President of the Executive Council , delivered an eloquent and powerful address to them oil the necessity of a National Trades' Union . At the close of the address the following resolution way unanimously agreed to — " That in the opinion of thisl meeting , a National I ' nion of the Trades is necessary to protect Labour from the unceasing aggressions of Capital . This meeting therefore call upon Jtheir fellow working men throughout the empire to commence the glorious work of Union . " f Arrangements were then made for a committee for preliminary business , with a view to test the whole of the trades in the town on the above resolution . The meeting then separated , highly pleased with the evening ' s
proceedngs . : General Meeting op the Building Trades of Ashton-under-Lyne . —A general meeting of all the building trades of Ashton-under-Lyne and its vicinity , was held on Tuesday evening last , in the large room of the Crown Inn , Ash ton , to . take into consideration the steps neeeesary to be tafcien to assist the Manchester men at present on strike . The meeting was well attended by the opcratives ( of the above trades , and all appeared to be animated ! with one determination to use every exertion in their power to help their brethren . A second object of jthe meeting was to consider the propriety of the whole of the building trades forming themselves into a consolidated union . The meeting was called for seven o'clock , shortly after
which time Mr . Alfred Burton was unanimously called to the chair . Mr . Hughes , delegate from the Bricklayers' society , gave an account of the grievances which the Carpenters and Joiners of Manchester had to contend with , and j which had caused them to strike against Mcssrsl Pauling and Co ., and concluded a powerful speech by urging upon the meeting the necessity of tlie whole ol the building trades uniting in one body . Mr . Iiuline , delegate from the Painters' Society , next addressed the meeting . He said he wao one of ) the deputation who waited on the firm of Paulingj and Co . Those of the meeting who were in the habit of reading the "Northern Star" would know that an aggregate meeting of the Manchester trades was held in the
Hall of Science , to consider whatjstcps should be taken in reference to the propositions of the firm ; the result of which was that the meeting decided that the strike should not terminate pntil Messrs . Pauling and Company had discharged j the whole of their "knob-sticks . " This was agreed to unanimously . But notwithstanding this , someparties said that the correspondence had not had the ! consideration of the trade ; and at a meeting of the iJoiners , in the Carpcutcre' Hall , it was agreed that special meetings of the various trades should be jcalled , and the correspondence laid before them . "This had been done , and ( he result was the same as that come to at the aggregate meeting , the members being for the men . standing out until the " knobs" were discharged , lie was nappy to say that they had every prospect of gaining , a glorious and honourable victory . Mr . Maxwell , delegate from the Joiners , said the building trades of Manchester had united , and thev were
desirous that their brethren in Ashton should do likewise . Mr . Maxwell then moved the following re solution : — " That it is the opinion of this meeting , that a union of all the building trades of Ashton is absolutely necessary for their \ mutual Btipport and preservation . " Mr . M . resumed his seat amid much applause . The resolution vras seconded by a person in the body of the meeting . Mr . Wellford moved an amendment to the effect that a general union of all trades jtvas highly desirable The resolution was carried unanimously . Mr . Maxwell moved— " That delegates ; be appointed by the various trades to carry the foregoing resolution into effect . " The resolution was agreed to mm . con . It was then agreed that delegates from each branch meet in that room on next Tuesday evening , at halfpast seven o ' clock . The thanks of the meeting were given to Mr . DLxon , reporter for the " Northern Star . " Thanks were then given to the chairman and delegates , and the meeting broke up . i
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lUxniuLK . —l'lie factory workies \ ti this town : u ^ ^ oini , - on wt'iJ . The turnout * havo gained ' [ ri 'wtvuiui' at all die inHU . - . Oh- Tuesday tlie Iwui * at Hiittprworth imA Vo . '» , Hanging-road [ factory , tnrrted out , dctenuined to have the advance , This i » the only mill where the hands aro on strike at present . Dc . v'ohbis TssTraq : nAfc . " ~ Central Committee of Trades , Ac , Knvj'Ue Hoimv l > iceirter- » quare , VVVjdiiewlay , Decembt-r 18 th . Mr . ( rrassby in the chair , favourable reports were received from the Carpenter * of St . Lukes ; from the Morocco Leather-iiimhera ; ant ) from the Kcpeal Meeting recently held at tile Temperance Hall , Clement ' is-lane . Messrs , T , MWheeler and Synie were deputed to wait on Mr . JJiini'ombe respecting the propwed procession in February next . Mr . Oaiimiin stated that the Cork * cutters had come to a determiiiatiou tQjpay into the hands of the treasurer next week their second
sniiscritition , amounting to £ 20 . Messrs . Howling an < i Stallwood were deputed to wait on the Uuiining Horse . Society of Carpenters on Monday , Decemixtr the 30 th . Messrs . Grassby and Stallwood ^ were deputed to wait on the Secretary of the Finsbury Committe on Saturday evening , December 21 st . Letters were read from the Islington Philanthropic Society , and from the Factory Operatives of Stockport . Next Wednesday being Christmas ^ day , the Committee at its rising adjourned untU Wednesday week , January 1 st , 1845 . Lancashire Mixers . —The next General Pelt-gate Meeting of Lancashire Miners will be held at the
house of Mr . Dawber , Shevington Moor , near Wigan , oo Monday , the 30 th of December . Chair to bt taken at eleven o ' clock in tlie forenoon . ¦ A public meeting -will also take place , which will l > f > addressed by W . P . Roberts , Esq . The levy , including lawfiind and general contributions for the next fortnight , is le . Od . per member . Yorkshire Miners . —The next general delegate meeting of the Miners of Yorkshire * will be held at the Griffin Inn , Northgate , Wakefield , on Monday , the 30 th ofDecember , 1844 . To commence at nine o ' clock in the morning , when the new cards and rules of the Miners' Benefit Society , will be ready for
delivery . The Wigan Miners' lately in the empby of Mr . Ralph Thickness , return their sincere thanks for the following .- —Jolly Miners'Lodge , £ 116 s . 2 d . ; Colliers ' Arms Lodge , £ 2 3 s . 2 d . ; Bridge Inn Lodge , £ 2 " 2 s . 7 d . ; Jerry Shop Lodge , 9 s . lid . ; Coalheavers' Lodge , 18 s . 8 d . ; Black Horse Lodge , 10 s . 6 & ; Green Barn Lodge , £ 1 13 s . 3 d . ; Red House Lodge , Ifis . lid , ; Jolly Carters Lodge , 11 s . 8 d . ; Cock Tavern Lodge , 6 s . 6 d . ; Running Horse Lodge , 9 s . 4 d . ; Church Lodge , 9 s . lid . —Thomas Smith , DistricfrSecretary for Aspull district . Ubkat Meeting of Miners at Oldham . —A public meeting of Miners belonging to the Oldham district , was held on the afternoon of Monday last , in the Working Man ' s Hall . This was the largest indoor
meeting ever held at Oldham : there could not be less than . 2 , 000 persons present . W . P . Roberts , Esq ., was announced = to address the meeting , and the miners engaged a band of music , with wliich they met him at the terminus of the Oldham and Manchester Railway , and escorted him to the place of meeting . At about two o ' clock a working Miner , named Halsworth , was unanimously called to tlie chair . He gave out some verses which had been composed for the occasion , which were sung by the meeting ; after which he introduced Mr . Parkinson of the county of Durham . Mr . Parkinson delivered a lengthy address on the benefits that had and would accrue to the Miners generally , by keeping up the association : and not only the Minera , but the
masters . Mr . P . sat down loudly applauded . Mr . Embleton , of Newcastle , said that he was an old Miner , — he was sixty-eight years of age , —and he was also an old Trades Unionist . He had been an unionist ever since the year 1810 . Mr . E . concluded a long and humorous speech amid loud cheers . Mr . Harnes moved , and Mr . Witworth seconded , " That it is the opinion of this meeting that the Miners of Oldham and surrounding districts have been grosr-ly tyranized over by their employers and agentb ; and this meeting pled ge itself to use every legal means to procure a redress of their grievances , and those of the whole of the Mining population ot Great Britain and Ireland . " The resolution was supported bv Mr . Dixon of Manchester , and agreed to
unanimously . The chairman said he now had much pleasure in introducing W . P . Roberts , Esq ., who on rising was greeted with rapturous applause . Mr . Roberts congratulated them on the present position of the association , and the progress it was making . He was proud at having an opportunity of addressing them in that splendid edifice ; it was certainly a proud monument of the patriotism of the workiug classes . Mr . Roberts concluded amid repeated rounds of applause . The thanks of the meeting having been voted to the chairman , the people ser parated in a peaceful and orderly manner . We are happy in stating that the advance sought by the men is likely to be conceded without a strike , several of the masters in this district having already given it .
BliXDFORD YfoOLCOMBERS PROTECTIVE SOCIETY . — The filth quarterly meeting of delegates from the various divisions in town and country , connected with the above society , was held at the society ' s room , Tyrrel-court , Bradford , ou Monday , the 2 nd inst ., when . resolutions were adopted expressive of the determination of the meeting to persevere in the sacred causejjwhich they had engaged in , viz ., the protection of their-labour as far as practicable , from the greedy and avaricious grasp of such capitalists as would , for tlie sake of competition in the market , reduce the labourer to the lowest possible pitch of destitution , provided a ready exchange of money for goods can he secured to them in the market ; this nefarious traffic in slavery has long been practised by
unprincipled manufeti Hirers , especially in the neighbouring towns and villages , where , at all times , are to be found ready facilities for carrying it into execution . Men occasionally engaged in agricultural pursuits apply to manufacturers for combing , when they find H most convenient , or when the season is unfavourable for out-door work ; they take out large quantities of wool and employ a great number of women and girls to work it for about one-fourth of the price received by regular men in the business . And even this is generally allowed them in coarse food . Those manufacturers can , in consequence , bring their goods to the Bradford market and undersell the fair dealer , who is unwilling to reduce wages , but must be compelled to do so if such practices are allowed . It was to affect an alteration in this
state ot things that the Yv ' ook-ombers' society , was formed eighteen months ago ; and during that time it has expended upwards of £ . 2 , 000 of their hard earnings in withstanding the repeated reductions attempted by the masters . Those manufacturers , in addition to the advantages stated above , can get mill hands at full 39 per cent loss than what is paid in town for the same class ; and notwithstanding our greatest efforts , we cannot yet , we regret to say , convince all our fellow labourers of the necessity which exists for a uniform organization for the defence of the only birthright which we inherit the protection of our labour . A deputation from the Cordwaiuers Society waited on our meeting of delegates for the
purpose of effecting a consolidation of the whole of the trades' for mutual protection . The deputation stated their views of the objects sought in a lucid manner , which met the approbation of the meeting , so far as they could consistently with their duty agree to . They determined upon urging the consideration of the matter on their respective constituents . A public meeting of the Woolcombers of Bradford was convened at the Odd Fellows' Hall on the 16 th inst .,. when this subject was brought before them , but the reasons before stated , viz ., the want of proper organization amongst themselves , and the meeting being comparatively thinly attended , partly we suppose from the attendance of many at the Chartist Meeting which was held at the Bame time in Butterworth ' 8-
buildings , obliged them to defer the consideration of the matter to a more favourable opportunity . The secretary read a statistical report ot the proceedings of the society since their last meeting , which , although not as flattering as they could wish , was still as favourable as in the present depressed state of the trade might have been expected . Resolutions were agreed to , urging the meeting to further exertions in the cause , and for the holding of sectional meetings preparatory to meetings of the men-of each employment , to ascertain the real number of each firm , subscribers and non-subscribers , with a view of further extension by the influence which the former may have over the latter . Thanks were given to Mr . George Roberts , chairman , and the meeting s ^ iarated at ten o ' clock .
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Fatal Cab Accident . —On Wednesday evening , between four and five o ' clock , a fine little boy , named Thomas Appleby , the son of highly respectable parents , residing in Crescent-place , New-road , was run over by a cab at the end of Judd-street , and killed on the spot . Murder in Liverpool . —About two o ' clock on Sunday morning last , two police-officers , named Fairclough ( 78 ) , and Price ( 88 ) , were on duty in Toxteth Park , and went into a brothel for the purpose of suppressing a disturbance among the inmates . After thev had succeeded in their object , and when they were
again going on duty on their respective beats , a fellow , named William Jones , followed them from the brothel into Whitfield-street , where he made a fierce ) attack upon both with a large poker which he brought from the house . FairclougE closed with him and attempted to wrench the poker from his grasp , but in the attempt the ruffian struck him a blow with that deadly instrument , which fractured hia scuJ ] , caused the brains to protrude through the opening , and laid him . senseless at hia feet . Price , in endeavouring to render assistance to his companion j also received a blow of the poker , which knocked off a Dart of the
bone immediately above his right eye-brow ; but he was enabled to call for assistance , and to point out to the officers , who speedily arrived , the brothel to which Jones had returned after inflicting the blows . Tha door of the place was instantly broken open , and the fellow was arrestedand taken off to bridewell . Fairclough was conveyed to the Southern Hospital , where he died yesterday . Tha prisoner haj ^ Mw ^ m-ought before Mi-. Rushton , and wiU be x ^ it ^^^^^ r ^ nalis ss i £ . v ^ "W ^^ m ^ sfiifelsPt ,
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VOL . THL KO . 371 . LONDON , SATURDAY , DECEMBEiR 21 1 RM p » um iifvnuS ^ ~ { " ' ^ » ivj-f * . F £ t < , afcjiiinfl , j ,,,, i mxptiucv pVV Qunrtvr
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and national trades' journal . ^ __ . T
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Dec. 21, 1844, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct687/page/1/
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