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TO BE OR NOT TO BE.
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uuuioruuu XEEDS.—The Botawical Gardens.—We paid these gardens a -visit on Monday afternoon. A
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, Ctarttgt 3Sttt*IIisnu*.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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To Be Or Not To Be.
TO BE OR NOT TO BE .
ijj , IHOSE WHO LITE BY LABOUR . rrsps , —Tbe hour for "whica I - have bo long * iM& g& «» Ted - We maat noir P r 0 Te ^^ th * P » P are * £ ictio 11 OT * P *^ ' * Aether **^ T d f *^* « **» " l ** *™** 8 sonree <* * ° # f ^ j aat ire ask for , all that we want , all " ** " desire U now within our grasp . Yet , I » y ** ** now have the Charter—the Charter or ; , ** charter or worse than nothing . Worse
f ^ Z ^ si , anything else you take in liea thereof , t& "" ^ id fo r thi * reason , any thing short of the P ** * ' 21 tend to destroy all hope of accomplishing B * " ^ I mnst make every sentence in this letter jjtJBB" - " The Whigs hare lost themselves by * . epon one vote-master instead of the nation , **^^ We haTe been lost for want of the eo-^^ rf Ireland . JfothiBg can insure us that ^ pBjt ^ oB bat a Tory squeeze . Ireland has heard fr * ; te $ the nurse ' s lnllahy of " Hush-a-by " ^ ^ bile tbe Whigs were gorging the hungry l ^' rtiriots . Ireland has never yet spoken out foi L * A Tcay ichoolinaster alone can teach her people L ^ tnaafc j ^ j . Ireland has sunk immeasurably in
* " / g jj ^ aons , and in the estimation of the " T fcy ber support of the coercing , police- € nact ^ oirallop ing ° Whigs . Ireland has harked the y ^ t , don't mistake me , I must distinguish *** TKJscd and the Corn Exchange , although the t < & hjjrMy censurable for their blind , their servile ^ pjsnBe foll » wing of such cold-blooded leaders fTtkea , hw cheered the Whin in their every I ? soinsi "FTigii < h liberty , and the English ** * Irish representatiTes have voted for every
¦ massrt . The Irish leader tendered his services & * b the Eagli ^ Chartists , and has threatened ^ 4 Cbarfists with persecution . * ste it , then , to Ireland to prove what the Jiiasta of the English people is , and what their j ** sj » towards Ireland are . Enghaid . cannot io i gB IraSaal -ii in need of her support Ireland « t onrf 8 * * ° nee < ^ su PP * nntil the national n *—ads , the orange faction , and the shooting ** > m afiln sanctioned in their atrocities by a B fr- . « nisient- It eland cannot be better till she is ' ; f otsffKe— iht crisis has to come ; it is at hatid ,
rogs tbe Tories come in they -will make a drive at , w Ic ^ and will then return good for evil , and ^ blow aimed at Ireland , England will hit J # ) oppressors Vsro for it They shaU not ajain jQgnie ' lrishpeop le , OB . ELSE . c-jn jjjQi , my friends , rests the distinction . Under -try * G-jrenimEBt the energies of Ireland -sri ' il be -ik » dors , for the benefit of parliamentary job-... rffle under a Tory Government her energies wiJl , JjBed , sad instead of speaking through the Corn
^ jj-jg penny trumpet , she will make the land ring jjjjvgpsatorian cries of the Charter . Yx *^* 51 predicted in my last letter to O'Ma'ley , tygag hi * , in my very -words , said that " Ireland asas *? ^ tiptd beyond her oim limits . '' This is to ife afflKT . nothiog tlie under heaven . Oppression 01 jJtits niaia a people subscribe for those who t fSlOCSBLb&tit Tia I she * yon that Ireland must get a taste of jgjas before Irishmen come to their senses . Whig Mtin his done more for the Charter than we
aiifcjTe otlienrise accomplished for years . I i ^ ase in my Bolitude , because it has served the me , ad I shall rejoice when I bear of fixe hundred Tp ^ ss si Chartists being sent to Irish prisons for Btial rfKEoes , and then the work will be begun—¦ ailisfcubegun ; but they shall not die there , or ja feat , as -we hava been allowed to die and linger fn ^ tni . For fia £ ni time in Irish history , the people are pmri ^ to speak for themselves ; action follows mfc . 0 , * n * i delight the letter of Brophy gave me ! sfcitisSEite joy the eloqaent , roanlr , the potrerlul , iiite , » ud canvinting Address of the Executive of iSitioBal Charter Association to the Irish , must have LaiQ ! But what Irish paper will publish it ' : ta' 11 there ' s the rob . "
gU , then , I say , must be had , and Ireland can 7 it lad by driving her into the arms of the English mean , comfort , and support I tcill pledge all | W o £ Jf Sc&tland os . behalf of Ireland when she \ ipr rtdjicsiice . » fMCds , "in this struggle every man will fee known b-warts . You have renewed the covenant between 11 tiatit you all from my souL I thank you for liBp < HL . e to my appeal . Yen say " you trill stick | r Wu trot ; " bnt yen dont say what wax . In p , I promise to stick to you like cobbler ' s wax , k enemy like a leech , and to the Charter like a
R ii eow but one Iway ef carrying the Charter £ 7 . A dissolution is at har . d . Rely npon it that fsiB will dissolve ; they will not give the Tories sae &s long as they can help it . Indeed , they tensed ill the dissolution scenery for the p « rte . Tfajy expect great things from tbe novelties , >* do no : know the feeling of the people . Howft shall have a dissolution , that ' s certain . All ifein hvour of a Ministry in cmce wil ] be tried * j 52 eral elseiioa , before Che hungry Whigs wali
's thai btccmes ycur duty ? I shall tell you . te &niplcs by your " superiors" in diplomacy-^ H the Whics hope to get a majority ? How esry Jlk-stry get , and how preserve a majofy 5 ? " EXCIXSlYE DEALING . " There , my ^ is the whole sfccret . What they R fca tbfciaselves , in you they will re-* Io whom are Bishopricks , the Bench , ¦^ tesiss ol Co unties , Commissions of the peace , ""^ km in the army and navy given ? To whom ' Watt , sinecures , aed salaries given ? On whom ' ** Bi , titles , and distinctions conferred ? From
«» lhe Qasen ' s tea , sugar , timber , cheese , bread , % , furniture , tobacco , wine , whiskey , gin , and [ « e £ ii ? TVh 7 j ^ f ^^^ ^ frigjujg of the ad-^ aninpove . What is the greatest taunt to ** £ iEistry can be subjected ? Is it not , " O , « 5 i » e Bi ! hoprick , or the Bench , orsomeappoint-** » aoiibtfcl man—how ften can you erpect your *»» K » rt you /* What has been the burden of I * * fcTay gong and letter ? Has it not been , ' * 3 : 2 t gire us Irish our share in appointments , J » em ym ext-ect us to support you V Even
1 ^*^ 3 * omes , the hungry devils face uifection ^ J Place and plunder . Deal , then , with L *^ ^ o ^ a feiesds , and before an election ?** roa will not only hold the balance of power . If * 21 be the legitimate source of all power l * ^ tried it . Try it in earnest , and in six jb ~* l * ttle ii won ; and if you will not for six jl ^ fe * seniBg your friends to serving your ftL , ^™ ^ danme < L 1 teU ? °° - to % ^ . raBff ' " * 0 UECS ° f tea ° £ Bgar ' a hat > a j-J ^ oj lojf irom m&Q ^ q Ti ]] not TQte
~ u ^ ey ^ 11 soon leam the real value of the ^ sa agiinst the treasury gold . ^ ^ ast begin in time . Let the Executive take •>^ J for ^ of pledge to be printed in the j ( - ^ Siar : P be reprinted in slips in every •^ ? b ? ^ Committee of toe Association in ^ erery shop in the town . This could be **' i j ~ L txpence is nothing . The shock j ^ ketncaL 3 Iake no combinations to injure r * > bat combine to kto your friends , and stick
% 2 ^ friends ' Pra 7 observe . You must ijT ^ P- - * ' interest against the shopkeepers ' ^ sow kcoir tha t a weU-fed and well-paid g * » fail UU and a cheerful wife on a Satur-W ^ ttat a b * y-P d people make an 8 fe . frL * grnmblin S Pous 8 ; but this they have I ^ K m a foolish , vain love of their IitUe social g * » » ia the hope that things would mend , EJ eofflpleU ignorance upon all poUtical and f P * Bbj « ct » .
* a mind , in tpe ^ king 0 { ^ e ^^ *» a flagrant erron have been committed bu been wgaed as though the interests of «^ e classa were identical , whereas , the ¦ wop-keepai and that of manufacturers are * 2 ^ " » m to the other . Tbe interest of ^ er is to have cheap labour ; while the «* _ shopkeeper ii to have dear labour . You ** -&the Ehopkeepers acd tradesmen of all ¦ * « a 4 fight them af&iust the real tnemy—
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From the fact of the manufacturers being represented in Parliament , and commanding the capital and mar-
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kets , and paying wages , and discussing politics , they have placed their questions and their interests in the ascendant , and have kept them eternally in view , bringing the poor , fooJish , ignorant shopkeepers up as backers , upon mere prejudice against popular rights , and against their own interest In fact , the manufac turer ! must be put down , and no means so speedy and certain as , by enlightening asd instructing those who make up their numerical strength , and which alone gives them any importance . But for the shopkeepers , the manufacturers would be but a mere handful of political buffoons .
Now , although I do not , in general , recommend the example of the Court or the oligarchy , as "worthy ol being followed , yet I ask you , if you can discover any more moral and efficacious mode of agitation than a well directed system of " ejrdusire dealing ?" It but requires method to make it irresistible , while it has the sanction of loDg- established precedent in its favour . I do trust that this question will be calmly and seriously discussed , and , if approved , instantly and energetically acted upon .
My friends , just mark our position for a single moment , and see what persevereace has led to . My " idid associates "— " Feargurt , wild associates , " as Dak and his tame followers have called you and me , mark how we stand , and bow it has been accomplished by the very system which ao justly entities me to the name of the " wild Feargus . " We are masters , —aye , MASTERS , who can deny it ; and how haa it been done ? By that " wild" system of agitation which I have ever practised , and shall ever
recommend . The storm created by the " wild" elements of English agitation is irresistible , while the methodical , systematic , paying , and " practical " agitation in Ireland has left the disconsolate people at ibe mercy of & bad faction , wfeom they prefer as a choice of evils to save them fro » a worse faction , while we defy both factions . I am the " "wild Feahgls . " ' Dan is the " practical Liberator . " Let us see whose ship will best stand the storm , and who will best pilot the vessel when it rages .
Every attempt has been made in England to create a Tnethodical , systematic , " practical" PAYING agitation , but I was always on my guard ; it means retail purchase , and wholesale sale ( if public opinion . It means , " Ah ! now , dont mind ii < e , just let me go on , or let us go on , and depend upon us ; don't take any trouble , we'll do it all . " Has not this system , I ask you , paralysed Ireland , and has not the absence of it made England the envy , admiration , and * lread of Whigs and Tories ? Just look at our lecturers , paid so badly , that the return to labour from the sccomplishment of the Charter , would literally be a Gsd-send .
I told you in January last , in my letter upon tbe Sanderland resolntiens , that the time was nearer than many supposed , when those who had honestly stood by the Charter would be called upon to take thfcir natural position in the administration of their country's affairs . I repeat it now . I also told them that no man should long continue in the wrong road for want of calling after . I repeat that also . JTow , my friends , in conclusion , I have only to add , when my honour and my cause were attacked , I defended myself as became an Irishman , a Chartist , and a gentleman , not dealing in vituperation half so strong as
circumstances warranted , and I hold it that I should but ill deserve your confidence , your regard and respect , where I base enough tamely to sabmit my neck to the oppressor ' s yoke . I have done my duty in defending myself . I threw down the gauntlet when the foe was before me , anJ I now tender the olive branch to all who wish to unite with me against the oppressor . We have no right-to make merchandise of the people's cause . Whatever oar feelings may bs , personally , at all time 3 they should be ( if hostile ) reluctantly expressed * , and only when extracted from us ; but , at the present moment , disunion is treason .
vV ith the hope , then , that our disunion may prove no source of strength to our enemies , I have forbid tbe publication of the remainder of my letter to Mr Hetherington , and also all personal angry feelings upon the " cew move . " I am leady to forgive and forget , but I am not ready to move backwards , by a hair'sbreadth , in the course which I have so long travelled , and which , though " wild , " I have measured every single inch before I took the step . The " wilder" the agitation , the greater the necessity for thought and study in those who had , sometimes , to suggest , and whose suggestions have always been honoured with confidence and attention .
In England the people speak for themselves . In Ireland the " patriots" speak of the people as a mechanic speaks of his tools , as things to work with . My friends , be firm , be united , be brave , and the Devil himself cannot beat us . Or ncard , and ire conquer ; lick-ward , and toe falL >* ot one atom less than our Charter—not half an atom . Youi faithful friend , And loyal subject , Feargus O'Connor .
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HAT . TFAX . —Corn Law Discussion . —A discussion on the Corn Laws came off at the Odd Fellows' Hall , in this place , on Saturday and Monday evening 3 , the 9 th and 11 th of May , between Mr . Wm . Warren , of Manchester , on Ihe part of the Operative Arui-. Corn Law Association , and Mr . Leech , on the part of the National Charter Association—whether a repeal of the Corn Law , accompanied with other remedial measures , would benefit the working classes . At the conclusion of the second lecture , the following was adopted , "without a dissentient voice : — " That , in the opinion of thJ 3 meeting , the Corn Law monopoly , and every other monopoly , is founded 011 injustice and robbery ; but a repeal of the Corn Laws , unaccompanied wiih Universal Suffrage , cannot be effected so as to proTe beneficial to the working classes . "
DERBY . —The Chartists of this place held their meeting at the Northern Star , when the following resolution was unanimously passed , some friends from the country being present at the same time— " That we , the Chartists of Derby , pledge ourselves on behalf of the town and county , that in case Mr . O'Brien survives his imprisonment , the sum of £ 5 , as requested in the Star , shall beJpunctually paid , and should his death ensue before that period ( which God forbid ) , we also pledge-ourselves that his funeral sermon shall be preached throughout the county , and collections made
at each place , as a means ( as far as in our power lays ) of consoling bis bereft and respected widow and family . And we hail wiUi delight the noble exertions made by the Petition Convention for that noble of nature , Mr . O'Brien , and should the Government refuse to release him , and he- ( Mr . O'B . ) become a martyr to their ever detestable and damnable misrnle and oppression , we , tbe Chartists of Derby , will give the aforesaid Government lnora } battle upon all occasions that may present themselves to us ; and we recommend the whole country to take the same steps . "
KENSINGTON . —At the usual weekly meeting of Chartists , held at the United Temperance Coffee-house Lower George-street , Chelsea , on Monday , May 10 th , JJr . Sc&llwood delivered an able and interesting lecture on teetotal . Chartism , which was at ended with the cood result of an addition of four members to the National Charter Association , and likewise an addition of the same number to the Ynited Temperance Association . - NOTTINGHAM . —Tbe following resolutions were passed at a meeting of the Chartists , held at the King George on Horseback , on Monday evening last : — " That we hive no confidence in any body of men ( or in any movement } who have sot for their object the
attainment of Universal Suffrage ; and that we have unbounded confidence in Feargua O'Connor , and the Ntrthern SUr . " " That we are of opinion , that the Government move for a Repeal ol the Corn Laws is intended to raise popular opinion in favour of the Whigs , in order that they may ride hack to power ( from which they are likely to be driven ) on the shoulders of the people , whom they will afterwards basely deceive If the said Whigs expect any snpport from tbe Chartists , they must give them a proof of their good intentions by restoring to their country , and their families , the exiled patriots , Fr « st , WMBama , and Jones ; and also set at large all persons confined lor political offences . **
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Bbonterre O'Brien . —The Brighton Committee for the release of O'Brien , have received a letter from Captain Pechell , stating that he has seen the Secretary of State , who has ordered a report to be made on Mr . O'Brien's case . LONDON . —( Westminster )—At a meeting of this body , held at the Union Coffee House , Carnabystreet , Regent-street , on the 9 th instant , the following resolution was passed : — " That we , the members of the National Charter Association , of Great Britain , resident in Westminster , having carefully and dispassionately examined and discuBsea the proposed plan of Messrs . Lovett and Co ., are of opinion that it is calculated to create . disunion and distrust among the people of this country , and we pledge ourselves to continue as members of the National Charter Association , and we further pledge ourselves , individually and collectively , to support the Northern Star , so long as it pursues that straightforward course from which it never yet has deviated . "
ST . PANCRAS , ( Middlesex ) . —A most linmerous meeting of the Chartists ot" this parish was holden on Monday evening last , at their rooms Brook-street , New-road , Mr . Humphries in the chair . The preliminary business of tho meeting having been gone through , the election for the Executive then took place . Th 3 meeting then resolved into an Election Committee for the Borough of Marylebone , Mr . H . Marley in the chair . Names were taken down and the Committee adjourned There seems to be a very good prospect ot * a good sound Radical coming in for the borough , or else it will be Nottlnghamised .
St . Pancras . —A publio meeting of the inhabitants of the Parish of St . Pancras was holden at the Archery Assembly Rooms , Bath Placo , New Road , on Tuesday evening last , in behalf of the political victims , ai » d the furthering of the cause of universal liberty . Resolutions were agreed to , deprecating the conduct of the Whigs towards the political victims , and calling up m the people to sign the National Petition for the liberation of the said victims , and for the speedy adoption of the Charter .
CAKBERWEU AND WALW 0 RTH . —Tho Chartists of this locality held their usual weekly meeting on Monday night ; a sccoud subscription was entered into for Mrs . Frost ; 16 s . Gd . was collected , which has been sent to our ofB . ce . Tho following resolution was adopted : — "That a public meeting be held at Mr . Page's Assembly-rooms , NowingtoD , on Tussdav next , at eight o ' clock p . m . BOLTON . —Mr . Isaac Barrow lectured here on Sunday evening last , to a numerous audience . A collection of 12 s- 6 d . was made for Mrs . Frost at the end of the lecture . In a few days upwards of 8 , 000 signatures were obtained here to tho Natioual Charter .
NOTTINGHAM . —At a meetiDg on Monday night the Chartists passed resolutions expressive of pleasure at tHe determination of the meu of Leicester to put Mr . O'Counor in nomination , to represent that town in Parliament . It was also resolved by the General Cmncil that their thauks be given to all those persons who approved of their conduct at the late ekciion , on the return of Mr . Walter . CHELTENHAM . —The Chartists held a meeting here on Tuesday night , and collected £ l Is . for Mrs . Frost . Thanks were passed to Feargus O'Connor , Eq ., and the Rev . Wm . Hill , editor of the Siar , lor their patriotic conduct iu the cause of the suffering millions . Tho cau ^ e here is in a flourishiug condition , and the Chartists will join the National Charter Association as soon as the requisite arrangements cau be made .
OIDHAM .-The Chartists of this place , at their weekly meeting , renewed their expressious of confidence in O'Connor and the conductor of the Star , of their determination to nick by them , and of tfieir repudiation of the " new move . " NEWCASTLE . —The " League" Men . —A correspondent writes U 3 thus : — " As I was going down Manor Chair , this day week , I heard a person say to a gentleman—you a » e requested to attend the auti-Corn Law meeting to-day , the Mayor is sent for , aud the meeting will take place in a few minutes .
As the meeting had not been publicly announced , I supposed it to be a meeting to make preliminary arrangements for the publio meeting . But , behold , 1 went into a barber's shop to get shaved , when 1 was requested to sign the petition emanating from this hole aud corner meeting . Some signed , supposing it to be the National petition . I should not be the least surprised if they send it to Parliament as a petition of the inhabitants of Newcastle , in public meeting assembled . Some of them , when I interrogated them , confessed that they were afraid of being swamped by the Chartists at a public meeting . "
The National Petition . —We intend sending tomorrow , the petition sheets which we have ready . Many of the surrounding districts have not 6 entin thsir sheets . Yet Newcastle and Gateshead and one or two district villages have raised 15 , 674 signatures . We will send the others as soon as they are received . * SUNSERXAND . —On Sunday afternoon , Mr . Binns delivered an able address at the Life-boat House , to an unusually large audience . A collection was made for Mrs . Frost , in compliance with the appeal of Mr . Pitkethly . Nearly 10 , 000 signatures have been obtained to the national petition at Sunderland and its neighbourhood . Sums received by Mr . Wi * iams , Sunderland , and remitted by him to this office , for the following purposes : — IMPRISONED VICTIMS FUND .
Mr . Brown , Wingate Grange 0 1 0 Mr . Marley , do 0 0 6 MRS . clatton ' s fund . Mr . Davison , Bishop Auckland 6 5 9
os Mas . . Collection at Sunderland ... 0 5 7 i Per Mr . Coatcs 0 2 6 Other sums ... •» ... 0 4 9—0 13 10 ^ * £ T ~ T ~ li Petition Convention Fund . —The Chartists of Stockton have remitted to Suuderl nd Us . towards the said fund . BUDDERSFIELD . —During last week , the town and neighbourhood of Huddersfield were posted , announcing that Mr . Leech would deliver a lectnre in the Guildhall , on the fallacies of Socialism , the Corn Laws , and the supremacy of the Charter . A number of the Whig magistrates attended upon Mr . J . Kay , the owner of the place , and declared that , if
he allowed the lecturer to proceed , they would never enter the place again , and that they would possibly fine all the parties who took part in the proceedings . Thi 3 ended in Mr . Kay ' s paying the necessary expences , and stopping tho lecture . The Chartists immediately applied for the New Theatre , which they got ; but no sooner did the placards appear that the lecture v ? as to take place in the Theatre , than the owner was sent for by Mr . Wm . Brooka and the magistrates' clerk , J . Laycock , and threatened in like manner as Mr . Kay had been before , and that place was stopped . It appears that the base Whig crew are determined to enforce the little authority which has been given to them by ministers , who thrust them in to enforce the New Poor Law : the
time is not far distant when " Billy" will be called upon to help " Neddy ' s" nominee , and then the people ' s turn will come . The " boys" are preparmg lor a field day , and . no doubt , will do their duty . After all , Mr . Leech lectured in their own room , Upperhead-row , to a crowded audience , both in doors and out . He showed the tyranny and oppression which is carried on amongst those who are crying out cheap bread , and proved , that until the people obtained more political power , nothing but oppression and tyranny could exist . After the lecture was concluded , a member of the Socialists
read a challenge to discussion , which Mr . Leech accepted , on condition that it might be to discuss the laerits of each case . —At the weekly meeting of the Chartists , Upperhead-row , on Tuesday evening last , a vote of thanks waB given to Mr . Josh . Kay , for his generosity in discharging the expences of piloting , &c . of the lecture of Mr . Leech , at the Guildhall , when the cowardly Whig magistrates had deprived them of the room . Ten new members were enrolled , and some other business done . All who have any petitions are requested immediately to send them in , and the oat-townships who have not / jot , are desired to get one up immediately .
ASHTOW-UNDEB-fcTirE . —Tbe Chartist Association of this town having been deprived of the room in which th « y net , assemble at present in the Co-operative Stores , Catherine-street , near the Market-place , on Sunday , Monday , Thursday , and Saturday evenings . Tbe Council of the Association seeing the appeal which appeared in the Siar of the 1 st of May , on behalf of Mrs . Frost , stating the peculiar and distressing circumstances in which she is placed , at once determined to make an effort on her bebalf ; they immediately issued small sheets , ( at a triniDg expence , ) soliciting subscriptions , by which means they have been enabled to raise the sum ol £ 0 Hi . 3 d ., which we have received at the office
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STROUU . —The Chartists here recently passed resolutions denOoociiyj fcha " new move , " and expressive of a - djiCermination to support Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., frfaog as he stands by the people . Ok Monday iyxsittQ , May 10 th , Edmund Dyer , a renegade member of our Association , who attached his name to the Lovett and Collins ' s document , waited on us and , stated he had received a parcel from Mr . Lovett » -He wished to hear if we agreed to adopt Mr . Lovett ' s plan , as he had received in the parcel twenty cards , some rules , and circulars , and a book to « nter members' names , and other instructions to f » tm a Natioual Association ; The note to him was * a thus : —
" Dear Sin , —4 herewith send you twenty cards , which you are to charge Is . to each member , and send me the names of those entering ; the cards to be renewed quarterly on payment of Is . &c . " Of course Mr . L . must have the "bob . " It was put to the Bense of the meeting , when it was unanimously agreed "that we reject Mr . Lovett ' b plan altogether , and express our disgust at Mr . Lovett'a attempt to start a rival Association . " It was agreed upon on Monday , by the Association , to have a tea party at their room on Sunday , May 23 rd , at four o'clock in the afternoon . Tickets 6 < i . each for admittance , to bo had of H . Pritcbard , Secretary , and of the Committee of the Association .
SPOTtAND . —The men of Spotland have denounced the " new move" and itsconcoctors in no very measured taring . i _ .. BRABFOJTO . —A ^ emorial , on behalf of O'Brien , to Normanby , has been adopted . At the meeting , a subscription was begun for J . Riding and F . Rushworch , 8 s . being collected in tho room . The National Petition has been sent-off ; it contained 29 , 096 signatures , of which 5 , 526 are females . &TOCKTON-ON-TEES . —The Chartists of this p lace held a publio meeting for the benefit of Mrs .
Frost . The chairman opened the business of the evening by reading Mr . Piikethly ' s letter in the Star . Mr . Maw gave an excellent speech , describing the tyranny of the Whigs , in wishing to deprive that suffering woman of tho last remnant of support that her merciless persecutors had left her , and urged the audience onward to increased exertions , till the Charter becomes the law of the land . The following resolution was carried nem . con . — "That this meeting will never contend ibr anything Jess than the whole Charter . " Mr . Whally afterwards addressed the meeting .
BIRMINGHAM . —Glorioi / 3 Triumph op Chartism . —A meeting of all persons favourable to a repeal of the Corn Laws was called here . Nothing was left undone which the " League" thought should be done , in order to carry their point . The Green Man , in Deritend , was selected as the post at uhich the campaign was to commence j and at half-past seven o'clock the following persons made their appearance : —Robert Kellie Douglas , Editor of the Birmingham Journal , Alderman Cutler , Thomas Glutton Salt , Mr . George Edmonds , Messrs . Boulcby , Rawlins , Riley , Trueman , Griffiths , and several other Whiglings and " Foxes . " In a while af ' kr , the Chartist troops began to p ? ur in , amonsst whom were Messrs . White , Dean Taylor , Hill , T . P .
Green , Empson , Williamson , and Barratt . The room was almost crowded to suffocation . Mr . Riley moved that Mr . Rawlins Bhould take the chair . Mr . Cooper was proposed , as an amendment , and carried by a majority of twenty to one . After some preliminary skirmishing and cros 3 firing between the two parties , M »* . Dean Taylor proposed that it would be a waste of time to petition the House of Commons , as at present constituted , and therefore that 210 good could be effected until the People's Charter became the law of the land . Mr . Empson seconded the resolution , and shewed that there had been an enormous increase in the exportation ol machinery within the last few years , and maintained that tho trade of this country could not
be brought back by repealing the Corn Laws , and the people would trust no party in future but themselves . Mr . Aid . Culler said , that he did not wonder at the working men coming to the determination of doing their own work , 'ihere was no doubt that they bad been deceived , and he admitted that he had also been deceived by the Reform Bill . He was sorry to hear some of the leading Chartists denounce the middle classes as their enemies . He was sure that it was not the case in Birmingham ; for , bad not they returned two Members to" Parliament who voted for the Charter ? He should like the Chartists to bo more moderate , and not act the inconsistent part they did at Nottingham , where they helped to return a man ihat was as much opposed
to their views as it was possible for a man to be . ( Cries of " we'll do the same at Birmingham . " " No more Whigs . " ) He should bo happy to see Jihem working amicably together for the end they sought . Mr . George White then addressed tho meeting at some length . He maintained that the working classes were fully justified in taking their present course . With regard to Nottingham , it was not so much the hatred which the Chartists had to the New Poor Law that caused them to support Walter ; it was their determination to get rid of the deceitful and treacherous Whigs at all hazards . He was ona of 400 Chartists who had been imprisoned for opinion ' s sake ; there were hundreds still immured in Whig dungeons , suffering torture which could
be called nothing else but slow murder . For that and other reasons , too numerous to recount , their cry should be , " Down with tho base , deceitful Whigs . " ( Loud cheers . ) ( At this stage of the business , Messrs . Edmonds , Boultby , and a good portion of the cheap bread folks , took up their hats , and scampered off , amidst the groans , hisses , and laughter , of the meeting , and were received in the same manner by a crowd assembled in the street , who could not get into the meeting . ) Mr . White proceeded to denounce the tricks of the Whigs and Repealers , and to comment upon the
conduct of the Chartists in supporting Walter at Nottingham , and concluded by challenging any anti-Corn Law advocate they could produce , and he would discuss the question with them—at the Town Hall , or any other place—and by cordially supporting the resolution , and was loudly cheered . The chairman then put the resolution , which was carried unanimously , amidst enthusiastic cheers , which were re-echoed by the crowd in the street . Three cheers were given for the Charter ; three for Feargus O'Connor ; three for Frost , Williams , and Jones ; and three for the incarcerated Chartists ; after which the meeting separated .
" Restoration Committee . —The usual weekly meetin . was held at the Chartist room , Freeman-street , on' Tuesday evening last , Mr . Shaw , jun . in the chair- Mr . Spinks , jun ., and Mr . Nisbert were nominated as members of the committee . The following memorials have been received by the committee , namely , Glasgow , sigued by John M ' Arthur , the chairman ; Congleton , by Mr . Wm . Gosling , the chairman ; Leicester , by John Markham , the chairman ; Mansfield , by Samuel Hollowall , the chairman ; Bradford , * and from Bromsgrove , by Matthew Hayle , chairman . Two shillings and sixpence was received with the Congleton memorial . The committee then adjourned until the next evening , supposing communications would be received from the deputation in London .
. SHAW , ( near Oldham . )—Mr . James Cartledge , of Manchester , lectured here on Sunday evening , the 9 th inst . He commenced his lecture by showing the amount of the national debts of other countries , and likewise the population , and compared them with the national debt and the population of Great Britain—proving , as he proceeded , that it was not the Corn Laws alone which causa all the misery and poverty under which the working classes suffer . He said it was his intention on that occasion to call their attention to the evil of a standing army in time of peace . He would first make a few remarks , by way of introduction , upon the object for which Governments were established , and then referred to the standing army—its origiu
in this country , its numbers , its expense , and its laws—the moral depravity it produces wherever it goes—the cause why it spreads Such misery—and lastly , point out an easy and simple , but effectual remedy . Firstly , then , as to the object for which Government was established . The object of Government is ( and should be ) to promote the happiness of society , affording equal security to the property and persons of every individual , protecting the weak against the strong , the poor against the rich . In short , by guarding its members against the extreme of , indigence and crime , luxury and vice , and spreading an equilibrium of comfort and enjoyment through all ranks , by good laws , wisely conceived , and impartially administered
When supported by the respect and confidence of the publio , ( here was then no need of standing armies in time of peace ; there was then no need of expending sixteen millions a year of the publio money , to support naval and military establishments ; there was no need of a sinking fund , as a resource for future war . GoT . rnment was strongest when based in the hearts of tbe people ; it was then prepared for every exigency , and must be invincible against domestic foes and foreign aggressors ; but Government had not now this support . If it were looked upon only as an instrument of rapacity and extortion ; if it were looked upon only as a cabal of artftil tyrants , united for plunder and oppression ; then must such a Government , instead of being a ciuap and simple institution , be a coaiplcx and expensive
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establishment—strong , not in the hearts of the peopl fy bat in its means of corruption , delusion , and intimidation . Tho English Government was in the latter predicament . I& had long ceased to possess the respect and confidence of the people , and it had governed by awing the weak , deluding the ignorant , and corrupting the baser part of the community , its power of corruption , its means of rewarding the adherents by the spoil of the people , is the great leve f by which it operates . This power , its connection and influence as exhibited in the standing army , is enormous . This , the lecturer said , brought him to the second part of hia subject . The standing army is a body of men separated from the great mass of the people—having no affinity to , nor
identity of interests with , the people generally . Prior to Charles the First , there had been several ineffectual attempts to reduce this country to a military despotism , but Charles became sensible * of the folly of raising troops for tho purpose of enabling him to begin with despotic rule , in defiance of his coronation oath , which bound him to maintain the constitution , " the glorious constitution , " as now called , which did not recognise a standing army , when the people of London marched down to Westminster with muekets on their shoulders . However , he paid the forfeit by the loss of his head , which history records as a warning to future monarchs . At the restoration of the Stuarts , Charles II . raised several armies , but was obliged by the
Parliament to disband them . Charles remonstrated , but his Chanoollor Hyde very significantly told him toe standing array cutoff his father ' s head . " This ; and the following resolution of the Parliament ou this subject , quieted his rage for a standing army , and satisfied him that the continuance for any standing force in this nation , other than the militia , was illegal , and a great grievance and vexation to the people . James II . raised au army of 16 , 000 , to which the Parliament objected , and in a resolution of the House told him , that they had defended themselves for more than a thousand years without any army ; that a King ' s truest strength was the love of his people ; that they would make the militia useful . Findiiitf the Parliament obwinate in their opposition
to his tyrannic conduct , he looked back to the fate of his father , and rau away from his kingdom . At length they entered upon a new era in the constitution of the country . The Whigs , who had always be&n careful of the people ' s rights , and who had ever manifested , upon all occasions , a strong desire to preserve the ancient rights of Englishmen entire , Bought William , Prince ot Orange , aud made him King , but not unconstitutionally . They were determined to guard against future tyranny and oppression by proposing ^ bill of rights , which declared " that the raising and keeping up a standing army , in time of peace , is contrary to . law . " So far so good ; but what did cunning , crafty , and sueakvug Whigs do to create a pretext for keeping
up a standing army ? Why , they appended the words " without consent of Parliament , " and they have ever since had a Parliament base enough and subservient enough to keep up a standing army , from that day to this ; and when they have been in power , they have endeavoured to strengthen its power on all occasions . That the standing army is illegal , he would prove by reading over the opinions of some of the greatest men in this country 111 their day and generation , from tho 11 th page of " Richardson ' s Right to Arms : " " The present numbers of the standing army are as follows : effective , 121 , 112 ; non-effective , 83 , 871 ; making a total of 204 , 983 . The gross amount of the cost to this country of the standing army is £ 6 , 251 , 9533 terling , besides £ 894 . 154
paid by the East luaia Company , making a total ot £ 7 , 149 , 107 paid to teach men to murder their fellow men in cold blood , aud without the slightest offence being offered . " Can any man in his senses believe that that is needed \ No ; he would think not . Well , did they think that the government would be able to go to war 4 ' or such things as the biood of England's sons had been shed , since the creation of the standing army by tho internal , base , bloody , and brutal Whigs ] No ; they would not have been allowed by a House of Commons chosen upon the just principles of Universal Suffrage , to enter into war , with any and every nation that chose to change the form of its government . Now , in war Alone , since the
glorious revolution , which gave us a standing army , it had cost this country 1414 millions ot British money—a sum which , if divided amongst the people of the united kingdom , would give to every family tho small sum of £ 282 10 s ., which , at the rate of ten shillings per week , would keep the entire mass of the people of the united kingdom for the space of 565 weeks , that is , rather better than ten and a half years . There had been upwards of 4 , 000 , 000 of human lives lost , or rather sacrificed , at the shrine of political knavery , since tho standing army was introduced by the political Whigs in 1689 , being just 125 years , which would make 32 , 000 a year , or 615 per week , or 88 per day . ( Shame , shame . ) Men had fallen at this rate merely for the aggrandisement of a few , aud
to the dismay , suffering , wretchedness , and loss of the millions . The present cost of the standing army would support 274 , 965 families at ten shillings per week , to which purpose he ( Mr . Cartledge ) thought the money mishthave been a great deal better applied . Aud by-the-bye , it was a very important question to ask , where did the ruling few get" the monish , " as ihe Jew would call it ? Why , from the industrious portion of the community—from the producers of all wealth . So that they have not only to bleed at the will of the oppressors , but to pay for the instrument that draws the vital luirrent from their veins . Tho standing army is « T body of men distinct from the people ; they are governed by different laws . Blind obedience , and an entire
submission to the orders of their commanding officer were their ouly principles . By the military law , the administration of justice was so quick , and the punishments so severe , that neither officer nor soldier dares to dispute the orders of his supreme commander ; he must not consult his own inclinations . If a soldier was commanded to pull his own father out of his house , he must do it ; he dare not disobey ; immediate death would be the result of his grumbling . Now , to prove , said Mr . Cartledge , that he had not overdrawn the picture , he would read a few articles of war . ( Here the speaker read some extracts in corroboration of his position . ) The next subject which he would bring to their notice was the moral
depravity produced by the standing army . Here he wished to be clearly understood , that though he considered the standing army as an evil , it was the system which maintained it that was the cause that produced the withering effects in the social arrangements of society . Follow these men as they prowl about the country , producing drunkenness , debauchery , prostitution , crime , misery , wretchedness , hunger , poverty , want , murder , distress , pauperism , and domestic- discord , blighting and blasting the happiness the people have . These were tho results wherever they went . Follow them , he would say again , and watch their proceedings ; listen to their filthy conversation , mixed outinually with oaths and curses , and then , he was sure , they
would say with him , that he had but feebly drawn the picture , and but mildly coloured it . Coloured it , did he say ! Would to God the reality was no worse than he had portrayed it to them . But , alas ! alas ! the picture was too true ; not that all young men entering into the army were naturally vicious . Oh , to ! But the saying of St . Paul was fully verified , which was " that evil communications corrupt good manners . " No matter how virtuous a young man might be before he was induced to sell himself to do the work of a vicious and corrupt government , the circumstances by which he became surrounded , soon converted him into as much the child of devil , as his companions in iniquity . Did any of them , asked Mr . C , ever
witness the departure of a detachment of this public pest from a town where they had been only perhaps but a short time ? See them assembled ready to march . Look at the number of the females—poor deluded creatures , weeping aud bellowing with looks of anguish aud despair , crying and moaning , and grieving at the situations their betrayers bad placed them in , and then to leave them , the victims of their lustful passions . Happy , modest , prudent , and innocent , before these hired assassins of the public morals and female virtue wero introduced into their walks , who , by their gay trappings and military blandishments , had led them from the paths of virtue , and had so far goaded them on in the walks of vice , as to entirely uproot shame , modesty , and every other adorning accomplishment of woman , lovely woman , the comfort and companion
of man and the pride of the world . Mr . Cartledge then glanced on many of the causes which enabled these soldiers , while travelling , to accomplish tbeir wicked purposes , and be productive of such an alarming amount of crime and misery . This he attributed to the parents of children more than to any other cause : it was they who fiist implanted she idea into their offspring ' s minds that it was really an honour to be % soldier . Their pretty clothing , aud , in general , "' their delightful music , were all calculated to work upon the infant mind , which onoo done , it would take some time to erase the impression of . The teaching of children to sing t : e war s ngs , and to admire the heroes ^ of the prostituted muse , begot a love for the life of a soldier in tho male portion of the community , and caused the female portion to become more easy of
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^^^^ k ^ j ^^^ z ^ seduction . The remedjrjtffropoied was , for parent * to teach their children the consequences of war . and warn them against all such wickedness , and an utter detestation of soldiery ; and likewise teach them the ruinous effects the standing army has produced , and that , instead of its being a credit to he a man butcher , it was a great curse . &c . &o . Thai
this was practicab ' e , bad , been fully illustrated in she case of tie infernal "blue-bottle" force . When these reptiles first made their appearance in the streets of our large towns , the children were heard to cry "soldiers ? ' but no sooner did the children understand that they w « re oliioxions to their parents than they treated them with contempt , and would almost as soon have a peep at bis Satanic Majesty . Mr . Cartledge continued for some time Jouger , and sat down much applauded .
LEBDB . —At the weekl y meeting of tfie Associa tion , held on Monday evening last , there was a foil muster . The plan for giving addresses seems to nave given general s&tistaction amongst the members . On Monday night next , the members are earnestly requested to attend , as the quarterly account will be submitted to them . The friends at Hunslet , Holbeck , and Woodhouse , are desired to attend at the council on Sunday afternoon , and state the most convenient times to hold meetings in their respective places . -
Uuuioruuu Xeeds.—The Botawical Gardens.—We Paid These Gardens A -Visit On Monday Afternoon. A
uuuioruuu XEEDS . —The Botawical Gardens . —We paid these gardens a -visit on Monday afternoon . A
roijr pariy was assemmeu , consisting chiefly of elegantly dressed ladies . The weather continued fine during tho afternoon . The gardens are yet but in their earliest and most unfinished condition . They are designated the Zoological ' and Botanical Gardens , but their only claims to the former appellation are . supported by a few monkeys , an owl or two , an eagle , a raven , and a buzzard ; whilst tho botanical operations are not yet either numerous or varied . But no matter for this ; these facts are only arguments in favour of an increase of Zoological and Botanical specimens , which we hope may be added before , long , and to an ample extent .
Tho site is eligible , pleasing , an'i picturesque ; and tho gardeus are laid out , as far as they go , with due regard to taste and effeqt . There is yet room for many and very suitable additions to contribute to that romantio tffect , which it i ? , or should be the aim of the artiste in ornamental gardeniijg to produce ;—grottos , waterfalls , fountaint , caverns , and all the bolder and wilder features of nature ou a Jarge scale , are yet , we uust , in store . The band ef tho 4 th Koyai J iibh Dragoau Guards was in attendance , and played buverd . 1 airs , most , if : ioj all of which , were German . Some were better suited for in-dooc peliormauie . The Jinale , " the « rand musical picture aud representation of the Battle of Waterloo , ' ? was gf the moat bpirit-atirrinir
description , and the airs noting the advances of the different troofs were exceedingly beautiful , convey * i » # tho different national characteristics , in ar very faithful aud highly-pleasiug manner ; the attempt at pictorial illustration in the battlo was , however , a miserable affair . If red and blue lights are ever exhibited , it should not be in the lace of the atter-110011 sun , but in the darkuess of the evening , as it anly makes a farce of the -theatrical attempt . One thing we must not forget to notice . Ou every hand the complaint is , " Why don ' t they open the gardens on Sundays 1 " Who cfau answtr the question \ AU we can say is , if the miserable , debasing , saul degrading views of the fanatics , amongst the directors , prevent them being opened , we do most unfeignedly wish they may never put a farthing iuterest in their pockets . 'i his aUmiuable , darkened , aud despicable bigotry and intolerance , deserves at the
hands of the public , the most marked abhoi rence and disgust . Bigotry and intolerance do not comprise all iib iniquity ; there is something irreligious in the practice . To contemplate God's works , as displayed m nature around , is a rtiigious act , ai . d 10 prevent that act of the mind , on a day winch permits such , an exercise of natural" devotion , is to be guilty of repressing those very feeJjngs iu which piety consists ; and this is the practical biasphemy aud infidelity with which the taiiatics may siand fairly charged . If they wish well to public morality and happiness , and to cultivate those improviug and blessed influences which'they say are so little felt by the working classes , ie& ( hem open the gardeus on Sunday , at half-price , so that the working man may have a chance of caking his wit ' o and cho " wee bodies" along with Kim . This would confer a public good ; and make the gardens pay , when nothing else will .
The Theatre . —The manager of the Theatre having engaged for five n'ghts Miss Delcy and Mr . Templetou , from tho London boards , tho patrons of the drama in Leeds have experienced a rich treat , and have testified their appreciation of the same bycrowded audiencies on each evening ' s performance . The chaste , polished , . finished , and inartificial acting , if such natural performance can be called acting , of Miss Delcy , brought down repeated thnderd of applause ; her Amina , in La Sonuambula and her Cinderella , wire delightful exhibitions of lasie and skill combined . Of Mr . Tempieton ' s fidelity to tho pan he enacts , of the spirit aud judgment he displays , and of his powers generally ,
it would be superfluous in us tv > speak . The subordinate characters in the cast , as is usual , failed to sustain the high talent with which they were associated ; ' the performance of Messrs . Davidson and Saunderswas , however , very creditable . Repeated encores were called for in the oporas , and Miss Delcy and Mr . Templeton made their bows at the conclution of the pieces . We trust that Mr . Houper may be recompensed for his spirited management , and that every effort on his part may be met by a discriminatingdramatic public with corresponding appreciation and support . —On Wednesday evening and last evening , Fra Diovolo was perlonried to numerous and delighted
audiences . BfiONTEiuiE O'Bkle . v . —The publio tea , as announced last week in behalf of O'Brien , will take place on Whit-Alohday , when it is expected that the friends of that distinguished patriot will muster in goodly numbers , and show'that he is not the less Gear , although confined in a Whig dungeon . Tickets for the tea may be had of the following persons : —Mr . Hobson , Star office ; Mrs . Mann , Central Market ; Mr . lllingworth , Vicar-lane ; Mr . Turner , Corner of Vicar ' s Croft ; Mr . A . Gardiner , 69 , High-street ; Mr . Thirdheaven , 57 , Lower Hanover-street , New Road End ; Mr . William Roberts , Front Rovr , Camp Fields ; or of any member of Bronterre ' s Committee .
Proposed Alterations in the Post-Office Akeakohients at Leeds . —On and after the lat of June , 1841 , the two mail coaches now running between Manchester , Leeds , and York will be discontinued , and the railway used instead . The first despatch to Manchester , Liverpool , Ireland , Scotland , &c . will be at ten o ' clock in the morning , and the second , with the London , at forty-five minutes past six in the evening . The first arrival from Manchester , &c . will be with the London at thirtyfour minutes past six in the morning , and the second at half-past two in the afternoon . There will then be two despatches to Hull , tHe first at fifty-six minutes past five in the morning , and the second at
twenty minutes past one in sheaf erucoa . TLe York bag 3 will leave Leeds with those for Hull . The first arrival from Hull and York will be at five minutes past eleven in the morning , and the second at forty minutes past seven in the evening . There will bo only one bag to and from London , arriving at Leeds as at present , at thirty-four minutes past six in the morning , and to be despatched at forty * five minutes past six in the evening . The letterbox for London , Manchester , Liverpool , &c . will close in the evening , both for letters and newspapers , at forty-five minutes past five in the evening . One despatch to Sheffield , Barnsley , &c . will be at fortyfive minutes past six in the evening : the other is not yet fixed . .
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The Ministerial Chisis . —Either the Ministers or the " Opposition" seem determined to exhaust the patience of parties in the debate upon the ministerial proposition , on the alterations proposed in the taxation of the country . The debate , it will be seen , commenced on last night week , and after ^ Hon . Members had talked on that evening , 'Monday , Tuesday , Wednesday , aud Thursday , ( Jive nights , j the further discussion was Again adjourned . The speakers on the latter night were Mr . Brotaetton , Captain Hamilton , Mr . Alston , Mr . Harland , Mr . Hastie , Mr . Palmer , Mr . Clay ,. Mr . Chapman , Sir E . L . Bulwer , and Mr . Hume . Suicide of Lord Jamks Beresford . —A letter from Hastings , dated the 12 th of May , advising the arrival of the Tigiris there from India , states that Lord James Beresford , of the 10 th Hussars , committed 6 uicide on the 27 < . h of April , on board that vessel , being on his passage 10 England .
Another Dreadful Collision at Sea . —We have to record another of those frightful accidents at sea which convey such a melancholy catalogue of suffering , similar indeed to that by the loss of the Governor Fenrier . The Brooklyn , Captain Richardson , Bailed from Liverpool on Sunday , for New York , laden with salt , &c . The telegraphic communication on Monday morning announced the return of the Brooklyn , with bowsprit carried away , bows damaged , and in tow of a steamer . It appears that about ten on Sunday night , when off Point Lynas , the Captain and crew of the Brooklyn were alarmed by the appearance of a vessel running with the wind directly upon them ; that instead of the master of the unknown vessel porting his , helm he pursued a
directly opposite course , and which led to a frightful collision . The bows of the ship Brooklyn struck the midships of the other , which soon after , it a % \ i \ posed , went down with all hands on board . The name of the vessel is unknown , but she is described as being a long-built brig , and rather deep ; but whether from Liverpool , London , or any other port , no evidence cau be given . The cries of the unfortunate ^ sufferers are represented to have been most agonising , and from the few particulars we can gather , it appears almost a miracle that the Brooklyn also did not meet with tb . 9 same fate a , a & « otter TesseL
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YOL . IT . SO . 183 . SATURDAY , MAT 15 ,, 1841 . ™ £ r ££ ZJ ? t 52 ? ' ° ~
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AND LEEDS GENERAL iBYEBTISEB .
, Ctarttgt 3sttt*Iiisnu*.
, Ctarttgt 3 Sttt * IIisnu * .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 15, 1841, page 1, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct706/page/1/
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