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2Sanftrit£i& $*?
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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DANIEL CCONNELL , THE FRIEND OF THE POOR . DANIEL O-CONNELL , THE REVILER OF THE WIVES AND DAUGHTERS OF THE ENGLISH PEOPLE . ( "Continued from our last . ) "From this general charge against the people of England , which it wm necessary to place in its trse ligfet , I eame to ytmr * ereral chsxgea against "Emfflish Poor Lam , " Trhidi might , perhaps , have experienced from yon some little mitigation of censure , if yon had , by my accident , happened to know that they were , too , American Poor Laws , as yon will { to yourindignant surprise , I dare aay ) learn more circumstantially by-and-* y . The first thing yon nrge against onr Poor Laws is , that they " interfere irith wages , " and that this is one of
the thin g * that "frightens " yon- As an Irish lawyer , yon might be cxensed for yonr ignorance of these lawa , tax not for a misrepresentation ef them : and here we taewe * mere / arf to deal with , and hare ihe written proof at hand . To the original poor law of the 43 rd of Elizabeth , many acts hare been added , relating to the relief and management of the poor ; and . in no one of these acts is then any authority given to anybody to inter / en with the wages of labour , nor is there in any of them , nor in the original law itself , any countenance given to any sneh interference . So that it appears that yon hare been frightened by the 'workings of your own imagination . Tint , in many case * , the magistrates in
settling the amount of relief , have taken the amount ¦ of ihe taiga of the party into view ; and that they hare , in most cases , made the relief too sniill in proportion to the wages ; and that , in many cases , the employers of fann-laboorers hare , in order to ease themselves at the expanse of gentlemen and tradespeople , given the labourers less in wages and more in poor-rates ; all this is true enough , und it certainly involves a misapplication of the powers of the poor-laws ; bnt what charge j does this imply against ihe poor-laws themselves ? And , ] -after all , what is this evii f what does this crocked- ; ¦ working of self-interest amount to , compared with the frightful eTil of leaving thousands to perish with , hanger and eold for want of legal and sure relief ?
For " sick and maimed , ' howler , you would , it earns , hare relief provirttd by " ihe State . " It is im > possa > ie to know treat yon mean by the State ; bnt at » ay rate , you would have them provided for by a compulsory assessment of some sort ; but not the aged , nor the hale , though these latter be with on t work , and without the means of obtaining food or raiment ; and . yoa add , that fou " believe - that " it was not . at first intended by the poor-laws to provide for the -tracts of this class . " When a lawyer is spesking of an act of Parliament , and especially when its tendency is the subject matter of bis diacoarse , he should not " believe ' ' any thing about its provisions ; sod , before you pro Bounced so decided a condemnation of this , the greatest of ill onr acts of Parliament , which , in fact , furnishes a great part of the machinery for carryinz on ail our
internal amirs , and which raises and disposes of more titan seven millions of pounds sterling in a year in England and Wales ; before you so boldly condemned this great act , your mind ought to have had left in it not the smallest ground for belief respecting the provisions . This belief is . however , erroneous ; for the act does provide , and it clearly intends to provide , for this dass of persons ; and , if it had not provided for them , it would have been nugatory at the time ; and if they ^ rere n ot provided for now , an army of five hundred thousand men would not uphold the Government of England for a month ! I thank God , that it does pro-Tide for their wants ; I thitiV God , that it gives them a right to relief , and that they know and feel it . It is the 'bond of peace ; it is the cement of English society ; lod accursed be all those who would enfeeble it . '
Bnt , " the side and maimed" yon would have the state provide for these ; but not for ihe aged ; an d if there be , in " almost every Tillage of Ireland , a dispensary and in every county town an hospital , " there is provision already made for the " sick and maimed ; " so that the Irisk poor have all that you want them to have : 6 iad to know it . ' It certainly is noes to me . I -srish it may be true . ' Tet there must want & " dispensarp " etfood and nothing , or else we have been told most mm-Strvtts lies about the people eating stinking shell-fish , flea-weed , and nettles , and about whole parishes receiving the tzXrvmt vxHion preparatory to death from starvation , and about whole families of females being in a state d complete nakedness ; and our own eyes must deceive us , and mine especially must deceive me , when I
slink I see . every month of my life , hundreds of squalid rrestures tramping into Lundcn , by my door , without ahoes . Blockings , or shirts , with nothing on the head worthy of the name of hat , and with rags hardly sufficient to hide the nakedness of their bodies ! However , for the aged you win have no provision . And why ? What is your reason for this ? For , upon the face of & » proposition , it does seem to be dictated by anything but that tenderness wMehyou are constantly expressing towards the Irish people . Tout reasons are these : — X . That ., by making provision for the destitute in old age , you take away the great inducement to industry and frugality in ihe days of youth ; and , 2 . That you deprive the aged parents of the aid of their children , who , seeing a provision for them in the poor house , will leave them
to go to perish in its ' naked tells . " As to the first of these reasons , it would be equally good against a pro-Tision for the " sick and maimed , " if they happened to be old . But are ail the ia 2 » Krtnj 7 people abk , in youth , to lay by something for old age ? It is the decree of God that the human race shall be sustained by labour . ; ninetenths of labour is painful in some degree ; very few of tte human race will encounter pain , t > u . t from necessity ; mad noae wffl , therefore , seldom encounter more of this pain than is demanded by their present wants . To call upon men who an engaged in puiEaits not bodily pmin-Jiil , to lay by , in their youth , for the days of old age , is reasonable and just ; but to call upon the hard-working man to do this , is neither . If he do it ' . and , in England , he , to a great extent , does it , in fire cases out of sir ,
after aUj ; if lie do it , where is the tongue or pen to speak the praise that is his due < But if he have not , from whatever cause , been able to do i t , or have not done it , he has a dear right to a provisi on in old age : be has spent his life and worn out his strength in the service of the community ; and that reluctance which every man naturally feels to ask another for something , is a sufficient security against his being lazy and prodigal in his youth , upon a cool calculation of the benefit of parochial provision in bjj old Age . With regard to your second objection ; namely , that by making a provision for old age , yon deprive ihe indigent parents of the aid of their children , who , teeing the " naked cell" pro-Tided for them , will let them go ioii ; with regard to this matter , you appear to regard the Irish people as being
capable of setting at defiance , and as likely to set at flpSaTiw , sot only the laws of nature , but also tee express and a hundred-times-repeated laws of God . ~ So lery high compliment to your countrymen . ' If o vtry strong proof of the sincerity of your belief in that * ' generosity , " that " active and practical compassion for ihe poor , " and that " deep sense of religion" which we shall presently see you ascribing to them . ' But you , as a lawyer , might have told them one thing , and since you did not do it , I will ; and that is , that if neither the laws of iiaUiro nor ttiose of God eould induce them SO fax to honour thtir father and their mother as to keep them from the poor-house , the poor-lawt would compel them to do it , they having the ability : and if
they nave not the t . buity , how can poor-laws deprive the parents of their aid ? As a lawyer , you ought to hare known that those poor-laws which you so vehemenUy : decry , compel all persons , being able to do it , to main- ; tain their indigent fathers , mothers , grandfather * , gratia--mother * , children , and grand-children . This is what you ought to have told your Dublin audience , though it might have eost yon the loss of some of those valuable cheers , which' you obtained by this suppression of the truth , and by supplying its place with the " naked cell , " existing ns-where but in your imagination . Either you did not know the law as to this matter , or you did lame it . It ihe former , you ought to hav e i known ii before you made tbi » speech ; sn&if tbe latter , ' . I decline to rh + T * M * in 9 p your conduct >
Bat , Sir , in your anxious haste to narrew the effect of poor-laws , you forgot that , besides the . sick , the \ maimed , and the aged , there were some other parties ; who are , however , by no means overlooked in that i Holt Wbit , for not believing in which we shall pre- ¦ aently find you condemning the " infidel" to be dealt with in a way " to supersede all legal punishment" ; namely , the wide 1 * , the orphan , and the j&rasger . In your compreheoiive scheme of " active and practical compassion for the poor , " you will make so provision for these ! The English poor-laws , which de not cry , " Lord . ' Lord . '" bat which do his trill , make provision for them all ; and well , indeed , is it that they do , or thousands upon thosaands of Irishmen would , at this -very moment , be dying and lying dead from starvation ; « ni < that , too , if yonr doctrine be sound , without baring the smallest groa&d for accusing the "Rnglisfr ef injustice or cruelty .
The late of settlement fou represent as an instrument of oppression . Yonr story about yearly servants being obliged to be one month out of employ , in order to prevent them from gaining a settlement , i s mere romance , the tftrng being impossible ; because the whole of the business in all tae farm nouses in the country must , ia that care , be suspended for a » wb » ; and , to believe that this can take place , you must know about English farming as little as , for your sake , I hope you know about our poor laws . In some cases , for the reason here assigned , the master will hire tbe servant for some days less tbaa & year -, bat it math oftener happens that this Mft of bargain is from the wish of the servant , who does not , in general , wish to " lose its parish ; " and , at this moment I have a couatry-boy living with me , whose mother would net consent to his coming unless the bargain was such as not to cause him " to lose his pariah . "
This , at once , shows the light in which the workisff people view the poor law * . Instead of deeming them a bond of " Ha * ay , " as you choose to represent them , they diem tbem She title of their right to their patrimony . And with regard to the compelling of married people to stick fa their parishes , it is a great good , instead of being an evil ; it being evident that people in that state of iife will be , in all respacta , more careful of their characters , and will be more likely to be # f better behaviour , if resident amongst those who know them , than if wandering about from place to place . If they quit their parishes , and become chargeable to another , or likely to be so , the poer laws expose them not to oppreasion , but consider them in the li ght of "the stranger , " relieve them if necessary , and take them home to their parish . Well woa ; d it have been , Sir , for the them-B&dl of poor forty ¦ shilling freeholders of Ireland , whom
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" Libesatob- saw driv # n off the estates , as the price of that " Emancipation" which gave him a Beat in Parliament ; well would it have been for these poor sacrificed creatures , if there bad been an English law of settlement to compel the savage landlords to keep them ; and in that case , indeed , they would never have been driven off the estates , and , finally , as they were , exposed ta all the horrors of famine and pestilence . We now come to two assertions , which , from their chancier , and from one and the same term being applicable to both , ought not , in a moment , to be separated ; namely , l . That , in the town of Shrewsbury , you saw placards , on -which were inscribed the words , " Tagraxts and Irish Labodkers whipped out of ihe town ; " and , 2 . That " Mr . STUEGES Bourne wade an improvement in ihe law ; for HE provided that , after the Ibish labouree was whipped , he thould be sent home . "
As you positively assert that you saw these placards at Shrewsbury , I must suppose that Shrewsbury is in Ireland ; for I am sure you never saw such a placard in England . TMs town ia certainly in Tipperary or Connaught , or somewhere : at any rate , I assert that yon never saw it in an English town . As to the second of this couple of assertions ; FiasT , in no bill ever brought in by Stckges Bourne is there one singla word about " Irish labourers , " and in no law that is now in existence , or that ever icas in existence , is there any provision for , or one word about , the whipping of Irish labourers . Therefore had you not said that the matter or this speech was the fruit of your " daily thoughts , nigttly musings , anil morning meditations , " I should have concluded that it was the subject of a dream , or an effusion , emanating from an exhilarating dmieht at Bellamy ' s .
But suppose we were to disregard the Bufferings of the Irish here ; were to let them die in the streets , instead of striding them home , we should only be acting upon your oim principle ; for yon propose to leave the stranger , even in his own country , without any relief at alL But how can yon , Sii , reconcile with your profession of a desire to see the two countries cordially united ; how can you reconcile with this profession this assertion , that there is a law , In England , authorising the whipping of Irish labonrers before they be sent home 1
I hope that tome one has told you the story , and that want of time prevented you from looking after this late . The falsehood being so entire , it net having a shadow of truth to give it countenance , I cannot help hoping that this is the case . I see , in the course of the year , many hundreds of them going off to Bristol in very commodious caravans , drawn by good horses , smoking their pipes , and foil of your admired " wild merriment . " Never are they whipped , and there is no law for whipping them , in any case , ifl which an Englishman would not be whipped .
Equally destitute truth is the assertion , that " clergymen of the Church of Eugland have sworn , that , out of every twenty women of the poorer classes , that were married by them , nineteen were pregnant , " Su clergyman in England ever swore this , and no one ever said it . The tale is a gross misrepresentation of evidence given before a committee of the House of Commons in 1828 , -when the overseer of Pelham , in Hertfordshire , Void the committee , that nearly the whole of the young women were pregnant before they were married ; because , being to * poor io pay the etpences of ihe wedding ,
they generally put it off , till ihe parish teas glad io pay for ' iU But was this the fault of the poor laws ? No ; but , as was shown by the same evidence , the fault of the taxes , which made the farmers unable to pay the labourers a sufficiency of wages , and that this latter made the labourers so poor , that they were unable to get married before the pregnancy became obvious to the parish omcers . Thus the poor laws , instead of being the cause o / ttis shame to the young peeple , actually canje in and prevented the chiliiren being born out of wedlotk .
Tne same may be said of your statements relative to the letting out of the English labourers to hire to the highest bidder , and of all the other degrading measures adopted by overseers . They axe abuses of the poor laws , and not evils created by the poor laws : they have arisen cut of recent alterations in those laws , and not out of those laws thtmselves , as is clear from the fact , that those la-ws existed for about two hundred years before any of these evils and oppressions were ever heard of . As to the farming of the poor , supposing it to bs done upoc jn ? t principles , what is it more than putting children , to be boarded by ihe year ? If care be taken that the contractor do what he ought to do , there is nothing either unjust or degrading in this ; and if he do not do his duty , and the poor people complain , the payers of the rates have no interest , and can have no inclination to uphold him in his wrong-doing . So that this is a perfectly futile objection to poor laws , of which , however , this species of contract forms no essential part .
Your next statement is , tbat " in conseque ? ice of the poor la tts , the PI EES are note blazing in England from Honh to south . " The cause of these nres is well kD own ; it is openly avowed , it is specific ; and it is , that the farmers do not give the labourers so much wages as they say thty ought io have . This is notoriously the cause . In many cases toe Jires have stopped when tne wages have been raised ; and have begun again when the wages have been lowered . This has , indeed , been the case all over the country ; and , in the face of these well-known facts , cousidering also that the poor-laws have existed abomt iwo hundred and forty years , and never produced such effects before , it required , certainly , nothing short of a Dublin audience to embolden you to describe the FIRES as " a consequence of the poor-laws ; " after which , who need to wonder if you were to ascribe tho national debt and the cholera morbus to the poor-laws ?
You have known " committee after committee sit in Tain , to diltovei some Way of Tf » iAW > g an effective amelioration in the poor-laws . " Have you , indeed ! and so have I too . But that may be an argument in favour of the poor-laws . Lord Coke said , that Mag . ha ChaRIa was too strong a fellow to be overcome by puny acts of Parliament : " and the same may be said of Old Betsy * poor-law . Bat , do yoa know what tbey mean by " axtuZioration ? " I-will tell you : taking away the relief . This is what they have been trying at for about twenty years . But they find the law "too strong a fellow" for them . It is the Magna Charta of the working people ; it is written in their hearts ; the writing descends from the heart ef the father to that of the son ; and God forbid that it should eve * be effaced ; for , ii ever that day come , English society and English manners , and English happincs , will all be effaced along with it , and the world -will lose tne example of a working-people , such as i ; nerer bad in any other country upon earth .
Now , Sir , before I come to yonr general and sweeping denunciations against the English poor-laws , let me , in finishing these particular assertions and arguments , just put under your eyes one remaining assertion -. it is tb' « : " Apothecaries to Bupply the poor with medicines are hired , whose interest it is , that the sick p * or should die as soon as possib'e , in order that they may be at the Uss expense for medicines . " This , too , was the result of your " thoughts by day , your mnsings by night , and your morning meditations , " was it ? If you . Sir , can now again Bee this your insinuation upon paper , and not change colour , anything addressed to you , though by a pen a million times as eloquent as mine , must be -wholly threwn away .
Leaving you to consider of , to think , muse , and meditate on , the figure you make before Englishmen , with this insinuation on your lips , 1 now come to your sweeping assertions relative to the effects of the poorlaws , and to the picture whick you give us of the people of the two countries so much in favour of the Irish . You told your cheering audience , that the poor-laws made slaves of the English working-people ; that it completely destroyed their character for independence ; that you preferred the wild merriment of the Irishman to the haifmUky , half-miserable tones of the English slave to the poor-lawb ; that the Irishman certainly had his distresses [ indeed ! j , bnt then he had bis hopes [ of what ?]; ! ie endured mnch misery , bnt then he entertained expectations of redress . '
Here , it seems , there was " great cheering ; " and well Uiere might , if the matter conveyed surprise as agreeable to your audience as it does to me . Well , wen , here yen wipe away the heavy charge of onr poor " halfsulky , halt-miserable" slaves having made the Irish poor . ' And if this really be the state of the Irish people ( and who can doubt it since you say it is ); if they have those cheering hopes and flowery expectations ; if they save in youth wherewithal to support them in age ; if they have dispensaries in all the villages , aid hospitals in all the caunty towns ; and if they be ( as under such happy circumstances they naturally must be ) wild in merriment ; this being ; as we now know it is } their state , then , upon my word , if they still come here to mock with their mirth oar poor , " half-sulky" souls , I
shall be for giving their hides a little firking , a la Shrewsbury ; for " United Kingdom" her e , or " United Kingdom there" there , they me not to come here with their wild merriment , " and taunt us Trith our " halfmiserable" tones ! However , when I get upon the same floor with you , wewiilsoonmakeaneqaitableadjustment as to this matter , at any rate . You shall move and I will second a bill , which when it become a law , shall be called the Act of Reciprocity , giving you power to whip all the " half-miserable" English slaves that go to Ireland , and me power to whip all the youths of " wild merriment" that come to England . This would set all to rights in a trice : you would preserve your " green island" fnw the contagion of the sulks ; and if I did not dear ours of the " wild merriment , " there should be neither whalebone nor whipcord left in
England . But now let us ( and soberly , if it be possible ) take a more minute look at these general assertions made by you . They , taken fairly and without exaggeration , amount to tiris : that the English poor laws degrade a people , destroy all independence spirit , and , in fact , make them doves . Before I come to ask you how these assertions are sustained by the comparative condition and character and manners of the English and the Irish , yon wiB perhaps permit me to ask yon bow Moses game to make such ample provision for the indigent poor ; how the Apostles came to do the seme , and
to establish the order of Deacoks for the expre&s purpose of superintending the tables at which the poor were relieved ; how the Catholic Church came to receive all lands and other real property , as well as gifts in money , is the name of the poor , and in no other name -, how that church csme to allot one-third part of tbe titbaB t » the poor , which in Ireland , you say , the Proitstant parsons "filched ; ' I ' rom them ; you will , perhaps , permit me to ask you hair all this « ame to be , if poor latct , that is to say , regular relief to the indigent , have a natural tendency to degrade , break down the spirit , » M enslave men ; for , mind ,, tbe act of Old
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Betsy only eame to supply the place ot the certain and regular parochial relief , before secured to the people by the statute us well as the common and tbe canon law . — You will , I dare say , answer , by saying , that if Moses , the Apostles . St . Austin , Pope Gregory , and the makers of Magna Charta , had been aware of the manifold blessings of stinking shell-fish , sea-weed , nettles , and agitation , they would have made an exception as to the " green island . " Well , but the mere colour cannot signify mnch in such a case ; and then let me ask you , whether yon deem the people of the United States of Amer ioa to be degraded , destitute of independent spirit , and slaves ? CTobe continued in our nexLJ
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INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT—MONDAY . ( Before Mr . Commissioner Bowen . ) RE GEORGE CONWAY MONTAGU , ESQ . A RATHEB EXTBA 0 RB 1 HABY CASE—The C 8 S 6 involve * an immense mass of property , and debts to a very large amount . The Insolvent ( who appeared to be about seventy years of age ) had been in prison ever since the year 1827 . His debts and liabilities were stated on the schedule to be about £ 23 , 000 and his assets to meet this sum , a shadow . The cause of his insolvency he attributed to his long imprisonment , &c . The detainers at the Queen ' s Bench were very heavy . His discharge "wm opposed by Mr . Woodroffe on behalf of a lady named Mary Elizabeth Radd as executrix , fee
The insolvent supported his own petition , and « bjected in limine to tae opposition , and said Mrs . Rndd had no locus standi in court , and called on her to prove her debt . Documents were then put in by the Learned Counsel in proof , and the cise proceeded , by which it appeared he had given a warrant of attorney , dated May , IS 30 . Mr . Woodroffe—Looking at your schedule , Mr . Montagu , I shculd suppose that you imagine yourself a victim of imprisonment for debt ? Insolvent—I do , indeed , 8 ir . Mr . Woodruffe—Have yon not received , since you have been in prison , the sum of £ 26 , 500 ? insolvent—No , Sir , not to much . Mr . Woodroffe—Look to your special balance-sheet . Insolvent—I labour under great disadvantages in not having the assistance of counsel .
ilr . Woodr . vffe—You have been badly advised in not having one of my Learned Friends to assist you . Insolvent—I paid £ 4 , 890 law costs in a Chancery suit . My estates involved property to the amount of £ 200 , 000 and odd . Mr . Woodroffe—I see from your schedule that you have won at " play , " from 1827 to 1811 , the sum of £ 1 , 500 . Insolvent—That is an error ; the date ought to be from 1821 to mi . Mr . Woodroffe—How much did you win in prison ? Insolvent—I lost £ 1 , 000 by play in prison . Mr . Woodroffe—Then you found some clever fellows in prison , eh ? The insolvent looked at the Learned Counsel , and then at tbe Learned Commissioner , and made protestations as to his motives . The Court desired him not to talk so much if he
wished to have his case properly investigated . Mr . Woodroffe—What did you lose by cards ? Insolvent— £ 3 , 500 . A long examination then took place as to the disposal ef £ o ' , OOO he had received in one sum whilst in prison . He was questioned whether he had not received a considerable sum -with his first wife , to which he answered in the negative , for she had only one gown , & . & ; and as to the little boy that was before marriage . ( Roars of laughter . ) She was only a carpenter ' s daughter . He had married , since , a Miss Campbell .
Mr . Robins , solicitor , stated that the insolvents pro « perty had been valnsd at £ 210 , 000 , which property was situate in Wiltshire . Hia life interest had been valued by Mr . Morgan , the actuary , at £ 30 , 000 . He stated that Mr . Flight got £ 18 . 000 , by raising annuities , and the insolvent nothing , as the charges swallowed up all . Mr . Robins denied he was a debtor to the insolvent's estate . Mr . George Padmore opposed in person , and proved a debt of £ 500 . He ( the creditor ) was formerly a draper in Bo ad-street , but was now himself a prisoner for debt . The insolvent said he did not owe the debt , and denied that he had lost with Russell , the celebrated gambler , a few years since ao much as £ 1 , 800 in tbe Q ueen ' s Bench .
Mr . WoixSroffa , in his address to the court , complained of the insolvent's conduct in remaining in prison for so long a period , and now coming up , after he had spent every farthing , and had nothing left for his creditors . Since his imprisonment , he had received in bard cash no les a sum than £ 12 , 000 , and had fritttered a life interest worth £ 98 , 000 . and all ho had paid to his bonafidt creditors had been only £ 1 , 800 , and , therefore , he charged him with making away with £ 11 , 000 in prison , which ought to have been divided amongst his creditors , and which , bad it been property applied , wouid have paid 40 s . in the poundhe owing ( as it was stated in his schedule ) when he went to prison in 1827 only £ 5 , 060 or £ 6 , 000 . Mr . Padmore followed , and said the insolvent had been connected with all the notorious gamblers that infest London , which had been the principal cause of his ruin .
The insolvent addressed the court with much energy , and said that having such great expectancies he had a right to spend the money if he pleased . He had hoped to have paid his creditors , but had been disappointed in his expectations . The insolvent having been sworn to his schedule , The Learned Commissioner gave judgment Addressing the insolvent in a very marked manner , he said , " I am sorry to be obliged to remand a person at your advanced time of life for a period much longor than usual . Since I first took my seat on this bench , " said
the Learned Commissioner , " I never met a case that called more strongly for the court ' s marked reprobation . Your balance-sheet proves that , bat for your perverse disposition , all your creditors could have been paid 20 s . in the pound . Considering your case so discreditable , and it affording such a dangerous example generally , 1 feel bound , notwithstanding the duration of your former confinement , to adjudge you to an imprisonment of two years ( within the walls of your prison ) , at the suit of some one or more of your creditors , from tbe date of the vesting order , and not within any rules or liberties thereof , for making away with
property . " The insolvent was guarded by two of the Queen ' s Bench tipstaffs back to prison , greatly dejected .
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BRONTERRE'S PETITION FUND . TO THE CHARTISTS OF GREAT BRITAIN . GENTLEVEN , —We , Mr . James Bronterre O'Brien ' s Election Committee , Newcastle-npon-Tyne . consider it our duty to submit the case of that gentlemen to the Chartist body generally , confident that his first-rate talents and services to the cause of British liberty will command tbe aid necessary to render his exertions still more powerful , by securing for him that representative authority which he was legally invested with by an overwhelming majority of both the electors and nonelectors of this borough .
It will be , however , unnecessary to enter into a full detail ; suffice it to say , that immediately on the declaration of the Returning Officer ( which was the most absurd and unjust affair ever witnessed ) one of Mr . O'Brien's committee rose and protested against the injustice of the decision . The Committee then retired to their meeting room , drew up a formal protest , and appointed a deputation to carry it to the Sheriff , who admitted , in the interview with the deputation , what he had admitted on the hustings , and what was obvious to all present on the occasion , viz ., that Mr . O'Brien was indisputably the choice of a great majority of the citieens of Newcastle . Since the election , we ( the committee ) have lost not a meraent in prosecuting the claims of Mr . O'Brien . Legal proceedings are now pending ; and we have already received the opinions of several eminent professional gentlemen , all of whom admit the obvious legality of Mr . O'Btieu'B claims .
The entire expence which may be incurred will not exceed from £ 40 to £ 60 ; and , considering the magnificent mind , the incorruptible heart , and the indefatigable disposition of Mr . O'Brien—whoso abilities would be rendered a thousand-fold more powerful on his accession to the House of Commons— -we rest with a certainty that this appeal will instantly procure a sufficient sum to carry out this glorious undertaking . It would be but a trifla for every district . Mr . O'Connor has been appointed treasurer ; the contributions should therefore be forwarded to him . Let every town appoint a committee , witk a sub-treasurer , and let the Government behold , Wy the activity and energy of our conduct , that we are worthy of the services of so exalted a patriot .
By order of the Committee , John Mason , chairman , James Sinclair , sub-treasurer , No . 3 , Pipewellgate , Gateshead-on-Tyne . Mr . O'Brien ' s election committee have got 2 , 000 copies of his address , ( of the 23 rd June and of 20 th of July , to the electors and non-electors of Newcastle , &c , as corrected by himself ) struck off , in pamphlet form , which they intend to sell at Id . each . Any person may be supplied with any number , by applying to the Secretary , James Sinclair , No . 3 , PipewelJgate , Gates-
To The Men Of Newcastle
TO THE MEN OF NEWCASTLE
Lancaster Castle , July 20 , 1841 . My -worthy Friends and Constituents , — Right gallantly and well yon did the -work ! Your conduct in the late election surpassed my moat sanguine anticipations . It has outshot everything hitherto known in the history of elections . You havetiuDg into the shade wealth , rank , station , local connections everything that ignorance worships , and that commands the homage of slaves and parasites ; and you have chosen for your representative an oppressed victim of tjranny , whose only home , at the moment you chose
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him , waa a felon's cell—and whose only claims of your suffrages were his known love of justice , and sufferings in the cause of humanity . How am I to thank you , men of Newcastle ? On the -word of an honest man , I know not bow ! I lack both ideas and language for it . If your beaten townsman , Mr . Ord , has found you deserving of his thanks for giving him the benefit of some eighty or one hundred hands , how am I to return you adequate thanks for eleven thousand hearts and twice as many hands ? for you , one and all , I believe , gave me the benefit of both hands . Indeed , I cannot thante you aa I should wish , noi shall I attempt it—not , at any rate , before we meet face to face in Newcastle , which , God willing 1 shall be on or before the 2 < th of October next ; and then , mayhap , your representative , inspired by the
presence of bis constituents , may be able to express the sentiments which now animate him , and which moke him pant for the hour when he shall be free to assist in completing the work you have so nobly begun . Till then , you must be content , my friends , to take the will for tbe deed . And meanwhile the country will not , I hope , fail to do you justice;—for as it was tbe country in general , and not you in particular , I always sought to serve , so was the honour you conferred upon me intended for the entire country ' s benefit , and not for my individual aggrandisement Yes , men of Newcastle , you have established for yourselves a claim on the country ' s gratitude . You are fully entitled to its beat thanks . You h ^ ve set an example , which , if followed by every other city , borough , and county at the next
general election , will prov « the means of carrying our Charter without the sacrifice of a single life , or of a shilling ' s worth of property ! and which ( had it been successfully Imitated at all the recent elections ) would have , ere this , unlocked all our prison doors , and made it impossible for any Ministry to carry on the Government another three months without cenceding the whole of our demands , as set forth in the People ' s Charter . If this has not already happened , the fault was neither yours nor mine . You have done all that one constituency could do , and I have done all ( during the last seven years ; tbat one man could do , to get the work done ; but I had no cordial support from any quarter . The next time , mayhap , I shall , and if so , the people of England will owe it to tbe glorious example you have set . I am , my Friends , Yonr devoted Representative and Servant , James Bbonterue O'Brien .
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EXECUTION OF THE BISHOP OF EKMELANDS MURDERER . Rudolph Kuhnopfel , the tailor , who murdered Bishop Von Haiten and his bouskeeper , in tbe episcopal residence at Frauenburgh , was executed early on the morning of the 7 tb insfc . on the hill about a mile from that town , near the Elbing-road . The judgments pronounced in both instances by the criminal tribunals concurred in sentencing him to suffer death by the wheel , commencing at the lower extremities and proceeding upwards ( von mien auf . J The sentence was confirmed by the Hoyal assent , dated the 15 th ult , to which a new form was given . In the late reign it used to run thus : — ' We have read tbe sentence , and order the execution . " The present King has adopted the following phrase : — " We have read this sentence , aad shall leave free course to the law . "
The prisoner behaved in a very regar less manner for a long time , and showed nothing like remorse or contrition until after the sentence of the Court in the last resort was made known to him * A marked alteration then took place in his conduct . On tha 28 th ult ., when the Cabinet order for his execution was read to him he was so agitated that he could not speak . He then willingly received the spiritual assistance of the priest The day before the execution he confessed , and received the sacrament . The Elbing Zeiluny gives the following account of the execution : — At half-past four in the morning the prisoner -was removed in a cart from Braunsberg under a secure escort , and arrived about six o ' clock at the place appointed for the execution .
A crowd of persons , exceeding 10 , 600 , had assembled by daylightfrom all parts of the diocese , and it is worthy of remark that more than one-half of the collected moss consisted of females . The delinquent having alighted from the car in a very low state , a restorative draught was administered to trim , after which ho was conducted to the scaffold . There , on his fetters being struck off , he kneeled down with the accompanying priest and prayed . The chief of the Braunsberg tribunal then read the sentence , which ordered the execution by breaking on the wheel from below upwards , and closed with an address to the three executioners present in these words— " And now I deliver him to you for the due fulfilment of this judgment "
On bearing thia the malefactor looked round to the priest , Bank again on his knees , and ejaculated a short prayer . Then rising , he laid himself , with calm resolution , on the scaffold , and , refusing the assistance of the executieners , placed his limbs in the required position . This done , he said with a firm voice— " God have mercy on my poor soul 1 " One of the executioners covered his face with a cloth . The terrible operation by the wheel now commenced . In ten minutes the wretched man was dead , and the body was deposited in a coffin prepared to receive it The spectators looked on in a calm , orderly manner , preserving a silence suited to the awful scene before them , and the crime of the sufferer , Wken all waa over , they dispersed quietly , but apparently under the influence of deep emotion .
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LIBERALITY OF THE MIDDLE CLASSES . A Correspondent -writes thus : —A great number of the working classes nave lately sent in their claiinB to the overseers of tbe various parishes of the Tower Hamlets , aniongst -whom 1 b a friend of mine , ( a Mr . Rogers . ) Yesterday morning , on leaving borne , he desired his wife , if the landlord called , to tell him that he ( Mr . Rogers ) had sent in hia claim to be registered . Shortly after the landlord called , to whom the wife delivered the information requested by her husband , when the following dialogue commenced : — Landlord—What is your husband , a Whig or Tory ? Wife—I dont know the meaning ef either one or the other . Landlord—If you cannot tell me what bis politics ate , can you toll me who he would have voted for , had he had a vote at the late election ? Wife—Yes . Sir , Mr . Tkouipson .
Landlord—Mr . Thompson 1 why , then , your husband is a downright Radical ; he shall not live in this house any longer than the end of the month : then taking a pen and ink , be wrote the following notice : — Mb . George Rogers , —Sir , I hereby give you notice to quit , and deliver up possession of the hous « you now hold of me , No . 109 , Heath-street , Commercial Rood , on or before the 24 th of August , 1841 . Wm . 8 . Francis , Landlord . Dated the 26 th of July , 1841 . Now , this Mr . S . Francis is a broker , residing in RatcliffHighway ; and , in future , I hope every Radical
of the Tower Hamlets will shun him and his shop as they would tbe devil and hell . No doubt , this Mr . Francis calls himself an honest , upright , and honourable man . Now , I think , it requires no logic of mine to prove that he must be a downright blackguard , or otherwise he would not be guilty of such a base and tyrannical action . This , with ten thousand similar instances , shows the fallacy of the ballot without Universal Suffrage , ( as in a limited constituency the political opinions of householders would be known ) , and landlords in general ¦ would act a similar trick , especially when their tenant ' s opinions would be in direct opposition to that of their own .
In conclusion , I must say , that no man can . be an honest man , to deny his fellow-man the exercise of that to which tho laws of his country entitle him , and the principles of justice demands of him .
BOW-STREET . Emma Watson was placed at the bar on a charge of destitution . It appeared that she bad . been taken into custody by a police-officer , who , having sejn her leaning against a doorway in King-street , Westminster , thought she was a prostitute , and under tbat impression desired her to walk on . It was then about one o ' clock in the morning , and the woman , in reply to the policeman , said that she was friendless ; that she had no where to go , and was completely destitute . She waa thereupon taken to the station-house , and the inspector , after inquiring more particularly into the circumstances of her case , Bent an officer with her to St . Margaret ' s workhouse . On arriving there , however , the omcers attached to the workhouse actually refused to admit the poor girl , and the person whom tbe policeman saw said , " We dou't take in poor people at such late hours , and sou know it "
Mr . Hall thought it very extraordinary that the officers of St . Margaret ' s workhouse should act in this way , asd sent a messenger to request tbe relieving officer to come to the court . Some time afterwards an officer belonging to the workhouse attended before the magistrate , and said tbat be bad been sent by ihe relieving officer ( who was then engaged in giving relief to paupers ) to ascertain what information Mr . Hall required . Mr . Hall Inquired how the paupers obtained admission to the workhouse ? The person who attended for the parish said it was the business of the overseers and Mr . Elliot , the master of the workhouse , to admit them . Mr . Hall asked if there were any orders or instructions against the admission of casual paupers found destitute during the night , or if there was any order that poor persons should be refused relief at night when they appeared in a state of destitution ?
The officer did not know the instructions given , but he said be would ask the overseer that question . Mr . Hall remarked that a person wno could answer such a question ought to have given his attendance in the court , if there were any such orders or instructions they were of a moat scandalous nature . If there were not , the person who refused to assist destitute people was a heartless individual , and had no authority to act in such a manner . The officer asked if the woman belonged to tf e in question ?
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Mr . Hall—No . She does not pretend tobs an inhabitant of the parish ; but , nevertheless , the parish ought to relieve casual paupers under each distressing circumstances . The prisoner was a peor girl , found destitute ia the streets . She bad behaved with no impropriety , and « he was very properly conveyed to the workhouse ; but they refused to take her jn , or relieve her . I want to know who gave such an order , and who authorised the persons at toe workhouse to act in such a manner , because it is very discreditable , and ought to be made known to the public . The person who attended for tbe overseer stated , that he would go to the workhouse and mention to the proper authority what tho magistrate bad said . Upon this the individual left the court , and in the coarse of an hour ' s time , the overseer came to the court , and
Mr . Hall ordered the officer who took the girl into custody to place her again at the bar . The magistrate then explained to the overseer the nature of the case , and stated that the young ¦ woman was a poer servant girl who bad left her situation , and having no Mend in London , and being quite destitute , was compelled to wander about the streets in the night time . Notwithstanding such distressing circumstances she was refused admittance into the workhouse . He ( Mr . Hall ) now wished to know if there was any order against the relief of casual paupers .
The overseer said that the person to whom the officer had applied could not have given the girl relief , but if he burl teen there be would have admitted her . He thought the inspector was to blame in not sending to him instead of applying to the person at the workhousa Mr . Hall asked if the person at the workhouse was not allowed to exercise some discretion , and if he waa always obliged to communicate with the overseer before a pauper could bo admitted . Overseer—In cases of complete destitution we take the applicants in . Mr . Hall—Well , thia young woman is entirely destitute . Overseer—I do not know abont thia case ; nor do I even know the name of the cirl yet .
Mr . Hall then stated that her name was Emma Watson , and that she had come from Hertfordshire . It was stated that she had lately been in tho service of Colonel Daniels , in Catnden Town , but had left her situation about a fortnight ago , and having no friends or relations in town , and having spent all her money , she was now quite destitute . The result of the inquiry was that Mr . Hall , after expressing his sympathy for the condition of the girl , advised the overseer to admit her into the workhouse , according to the rules and regulations laid down in such cases . The Overseer promised to obey the instruction of tho magistrate , and the parties left the court .
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TO THE QUALIFIED BRICKS AND MORTAK OF THE UNITED QUEENDOM . Me . Bricks , —I scarcely feel satisfied , as a worm of the earth , tbat you should take upon yourself so much , and so far exclude me from a supply of the materials out of which you , through my excavations and labour , ore permitted t « exist . Know ye not , that were not the worms to refine the earth and purify the soil , by-& process which you yourself could not perform—the ingredients out of which your qualification arises , would so far cease to exist , that the l and would become poor , impure , useless , a . n 1 void . Show me a yard of land iinpurifled by the labour of tbe worms , and I will show you apiece of poorer soil .
1 assure you , Mr . Bricks , your qualification , without tbe worms refining , is dead and useless . Bricks cannot be made without labour , nor can you make them without clay . Worms can live by use of the soil , but extract tbe worms and tbe bricks will fall into dost The wind of the North will scatter its substance—that your hard-dried stripped extractions will become useless , void , and null , while the bare substantial upon which you now stand , will become rather weak and insecure . I feel confident , that should you still go on in tbe power of your ignorance , the worms you so much labour to extinguish , will prey upon your vital powers , and you , through weakness , will fall a prey to their devouring appetite , t . e . the extinguishing of class-monopoly .
Mr . Mortar , the materials out of which you form a subsistence , is nothing iuorj than a compound of maladministration ; that which the worms reject , you accept , and by so doing you btcomy more and more the companions of the worms you eneeringly persecute , imprison , and kill . The worms are too wise to partake of poison ; therefore , however sweet the surface of the soil may be made , without tbe fruit the worms will not devour poison . Worms are of the earth earthy , and can without you live ; whereas you , without their labour , would uot be able to subsist
The worms are a living class of excavators—purifiers , cleansers , and reiuodellera of imperfections upon the earth ; and without the living , all things would be useless . If you will destroy your own strength , power , and substance , destroy the worms the poor , rejected , despised , persecuted , and imprisoned worms , and you yourselves will quickly become a mass of corruptible matter , obnoxious to the eye , detestable to tbe taste , and despicable to the presence of ail creeping worms ; therefore , as a worm I cry , suffer me to live , that I may yet fulfil that command given by God , " Be fruitful , multiply , aad replenish the earth . " And by so doing , you will ever find me A Useful Worm .
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Release ov a Viciim . —Thomas Drake , of Thornton , a poor old veteran in tho Bradford troop , has been discharged from Beverley ' bell' before the expiration of his term of imprisonment . His friends intended to welcome bis return by a , dinner , instead of which it has beeu wisely considered to present him with a subscription , which we hope will be suoh as to do honour to all concerned . Poor Duffy , the Whig victim , who was last week Jying so dangerously ill ia Leeds , is somewhat recovered , although still confined to hia bed . Mr . Hick has received the following subsicriptione , which have been handed over to the proper quarter : —
s . d . Mr . Josh . Hobson , Leeds ... 10 0 A Friend ditto ... 0 3 Mr . Stocks ditto ... 0 6 M r . George Myers , ditto ... 03 Mr . Bleasby ditto ... 0 6
11 6 It is bul ; fair to state that many of our excellent Chartist friends have paid their personal respects to the injured invalid , and have contributed to his necessities . We hope this will continue . A Monster . —A miscreant , residing at Hanwell , Middlesex , named John Cavel , a master carpenter , was on Friday , finally examined before the Rev . Dr . Walmesley , and other magistrates , on a charge of having repeatedly violaced his own daughter , a child seven years of age . A surgeon , who was present , proved tho completion of the crime , and the monster was committed to Newgate for trial . The particulars are of too horrible and disgusting a natuie to be published .
Alliteration Extraordinary . —The eighteenth letter of our alphabet , R , is the initial of Russell , the champion of Reform and Retrenchment , who Rode Rampant into power , aided by Revolutionary Rhetoric , Riots , Romage , and Rebellious Rows , Reducing Bristol and Nottingham to Ruins . This Ravenous Rabble Ravaged , with Ruthless Kapacity , the houses of the Refractory Tories and Radicals , — committing Robbery and Rapine . Russell is now a Railer against Reform—a Relentless , Remorseless , Revengeful Renegade- ^ -a Recusant ; Reprobating Reformers and Repudiating all further Reform—Refusing to Redress the grievances of 1 , 300 , 000 Chartists , whom he designates a Rabblement , and Rancouxously , Roguishly , and Rigourously , Reproaches them as Revolutionists . The Rational Radicals Ridicule his Ricketty , Rambling Rattleheaded policy , and look upon him as a Recanting , Raving , Retracting , Rambling , Rancid , Ranting , Rascalion , and a Runagate member of the Rump .
Brighton , July 26 . —Yesterday , on the arrival of the passengers by the first railroad coaches , a report was spread that a shocking accident had occurred to one of the red vans ( Pooock ' s ) , from London , and it was said that the driver and guard were almost killed , and the passengers , three or four of whom came on by the railroad train , much injured . It appears that tho van , which is the only night convey auce to Brighton , left at the usual time , laden with about seven tons of luggage and eight pas-Beng ^ ra . On proceeding down Reigate-hill , the skid was put upon the wheels , when the van , which was groaning under tbe immense weight , broke down , crushing eke wheels , and faliing on one side .
The driver and guard saved themselves by jumping off , but met with several severe injuries . The passengers , inside and out , were dreadfully injured by the heavy boxes , &c , in which they were literally buried . On extricating them , one , an elderly gentleman residing at Reigate , and who had adopted the conveyance to get home the same night , was at first thought to have been killed on the spot , but waa found only to have been stunned . Another had his head cut and bruised ; a third the calf of his leg extensively injured ; in fact , none escaped without severe injuries . Tho gentleman who lived at Reigate , after ho had recovered , very kindly offered his
house for the accommodation of his fellow passeng ers , and took charge of a young man who was se-Fnously ill , and who was proceeding to Brighton for I * change of air . As soon as the passengers were reletsed from their perilous situation , assistance was procured , and as u was impossible to move the vehicle , it was necessary to dig out under the lamp , which it was feared would set it ou fire . Vans were forwards"t in the coarse of the day to bring the luggago to Brighton , amongst which were two tons of salmon , 'tira non-arrival of which spoiled the dinner of numbe rs of individuals . It is rather singular that another of the red vans broke down at the same place the Previous Digit .
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A Fool . —The National states that as a lady of Rouen waa walking on the boulevards of tha t citv two or three days ago , an elegantly . dressed youD » man , who had been noticing her for some time with very tender looks , suddenly slipped , a letter into her hand , exclaiming— " Madame , I can resist no longeraccept this letter , or I die . " The lady was at first frightened , bat , recovering herself , tore up the letter i without reading it . Upon thia the young man knelt at her feet , and , taking out & pistol , said— " Take this weapon , madame . and destroy my life with it for it wonld be a burden to me which yon have reiw dered . insupportable . I cannot live without your love . " A person who was passing by knocked the pistol out of the hand of the prostrate lover , and removed the lady , who was much affected , into \ neighbouring house , leaving the young madman still on his knees in the middle of the boulevards .
Truth bt Mistake . —The present king of Prussia is accustomed to walk out in tbe plain dress of & private gentleman , and in reference to this habit the Dorf Zeitung relates an amusing anecdote . As his Majesty was strolling about in the nei ghbourhood of Sans Souoi , he met a woman scolding and beatin ? an ass , yoked in a milk cart ; the donkey was obstinate , and showed no disposition to move . Tnft king asked her why ehe put herself in bucIi a paa » 8 ionl "O , Sir , I must make haste with my mii& and this stupid animal ptands still here , in spite of all I can say to him . If I am not in time with my milk at Potsdam I shall bs rained . Bat I know his whim . Ifl had any body to take hold of him by the ear while I beat him behind , he would then aty
on . " The king seized the ass firmly by the e ^ r , and the milk woman applied the lath unsparingly to hia rnmp . The donkey , getting into a trot , proceeded on his way without further urging , and the poor woman dismissed her unknown . assistant with a thousand thanks . When the king returned from his tFalk , he £ a ? eihe Queen an account of the serriee he had performed . Her Majesty appeared t » have some scruples about the decorum of such adventures on the part of her royal consort with milkwomen , and she said , "Dear Fritz , doings , of this sort might do very well for a Crown Prince , but it is quite a different thing for a kiDg . " ' o , my dear , " interrupted the monarch , "it is nothiug out of thn way . I assure you that my father has helped forward many an ass in his time . "
Murder at Exeter . — The body of a young gentleman named Bennett , was on Saturday last taken out of the river Exe , close to the city " . He was missing during the day , and from its being known thas he had been in the neighbourhood of the spot ¦ where he was found , a search was immediately instituted , ami at half-past five the body was taken up . His watch and money were gone , and froia the appearance of his head he evidently had received some tremendous blows . The bridge of the nose was broken , both eyes were blackened , the forehead was bruised above the right eye , and the lips were bruised and cut , by being pressed against the teeth , with violence . A Coroner ' a Inquest was fixed for Monday , but the Coroner decided on holding the inquiry with closed doors . A man is in custody who , it is rumoured , committed the offence ; and a woman of ill fame is said to have confessed having ecen the murder committed .
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From the London Gazette of Friday , July 23 . BANKRUPTS . William Newton and John Newton , Macclesfleld , silk-throwsters , to surrender August 3 , at one , Sep . tember 3 , at eleven , at tbe Court of Bankruptcy , Basing , hall-street . Solicitors , Messrs . Crowder and Maynard , Mansion House Place ; official assignee , Mr . PennelL William Butterwercb , Peckham , corn-merchant , August 3 , September 3 , at half-past eleven , at tbe Court of Bank'uptcy , Basinghall-street Solicitor * , Messrs . Rhodes , Beevor , and Lane , Chancery-lane ; official assignee , Mr . Caiman , Finsbury-square . Joshua Butterwortb , Bermondsey , leather-factor , Angust 3 , at twelve , September 3 , at eleven , at tht Court ( if Bankruptcy , Basinghall-atreet . Solicitors , Messrs . Kaodes , Beevor , and Lane , Chancery-lane ; official assignee , Mr . Cannan , Finsbury-square .
Thomas Lingham , Cross-lane , St . Mary-at-Hlll , wine * merchant , July 30 , at half-past twelve , September 3 , at one , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street . official assignee , Mr . Graham , Basinghall-street . John Fox , Minories , tailor , July 30 , September 3 , &t twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basiagball-street Solicitor , Mr , Biggenden , Walbrook ; official assignee , Mr . Turquand , Copthall-bnildiogs . John Morris , Earl ' s-court , Leicester-square , cowkeeper , Angust 4 . at twelve , September 3 , at eleven , at the Court ot , Bankruptcy , Baeinghall-street Solicitor , Mr . Smith , Barnard ' s Inn ; official assignee , Mr . Graham , Basinghall-street .
Charles Strutton , Nine Elms , Surrey , timber-merchant , August 3 , at one , September 3 , at two , at tha Court of Bankruptcy , Basinghall-street Solicitor ! , Messrs . Newbon and Evans , Wardrobe-place , Docton Commons ; official assignee , Mr . Turquand , Copthallbuildjngs . George Baldry , jun ., Ipswich , innkeeper , July 31 , September s , at twelve , at the Angel Inn , Bury St . Edmund's . Solicitors , Messrs . Wayman and Green , Bury St . Edmund ' s ; and Messrs , Walter and Peinber * ton , Symond's Inn , Chancery-lone . Henry Cunliffe , Green Ha worth , Lancashire , shop . keeper , August 14 , at ten , September 3 , at eleveD , &t the Town Hall , Preston . Solicitors , Messrs . Wigleswortn , Ridsdale , and Craddock , Gray ' s Inn ; and Mr . Robinson , or Messrs . Wilkinson and Kenyon , Black * burn , Lancashire .
Beujamin Coleman , Liverpool , stockbroker , Anguri 6 , September 3 , at one , at the Clarendon Rooms , Liverpool . Solicitors , Mr . Cross , Liverpool ; and Messrs . Vincent and Sherwood , King ' s Bench-walk , Inuer . Temple . John Green and William Green , Wetherty , Yorkshire , timber-merchants , Angust 6 , September 3 , ti eleven , at the Guildhall , York . Solicitors , Mean * Johnson , Son , and Weatherall , King ' s Bencn-wailr , Temple ; and Mr . Leeman , York . Richard Weathead , Waterloo , Lancashire , victualler , August 5 , September 3 , at twelve , at the Clarendon Rooms , Liverpool . Solicitors , Messrs . Holme , Loftus , and Young , New Iun , London ; and Mr . Yates , Jan ., Liverpool .
DISSOLUTIONS OF PARTNERSHIP . A . G . Robinson and H . W . Blackburn , Bradferi , woolstaplers . A . Henry , W . F . Scholfield , W . R Johnson , H . Todd , and W . Firth , Leeds , general commission agents ; so far aa regards H . Todd . J . Stanil&sd and A . Staniland , Klngston-upon-Hull , ahipbrokers . R . Johnston and A . L . Saul , Manchester , stockbroker R . Dierdeu and E . Dierden , Newton-in-the-Wiltow » , Lancashire , grocers . W . Hudson and J . B . Hudson , Manchester , calico-manufacturers . W . 8 . Birch and H . Birch , Salford , Lancashire grocers . J . Milne , J . Travis , sen ., J . Milne , J . Milne , jun ., J . Travis , Jan ., G . Travis , B . Travis , E . Travis , and J . Hoyle , Oldham , cotfconrspinnera ; so far as regards J . Hoyle . D . Drake and W . W . Glover , Wakefield , tobacco-manufactmert
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From the Gazette of Tuesday , July 27 . BANKRUPTS . Mary Wardall , lodging-house keeper , Carey-street , Lincoln ' s-inn , to surrender , August 3 , at half-past one , and September 7 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy , Basingball-street Graham official asrignWi Basingoall-street ; Webb , Carey-street , Lincoln ' s-iM . George Stanley , bituminous pavement manufacturer , Southampton , August 4 , at half-past ten , and September 7 , at twelve , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Turquand , Copthall-buildings , official assignee ; Lambert , Raymondbuildings ,-Gray ' s-inn . Jonas Bradley , iron-merchant , HudderefieM , Yorkshire , August io , at one , and September 7 , at elew » at the Court-house , Bradford , Yorkshire . Walter and , Pemberton , Symond ' s-ion , London ; Tolson , Bad * ford .
William Haskayne , ship-chandler , Liverpool , August 14 , and September 7 , at one , at the Clarendon-room * , Liverpool . Leigh , George-street , Mansion-house , Lottdon ; Leather , Liverpool . ThomasT ? orter , egg-mercbant , Liverpool , August 1 * * and September 7 , at two , at the Clarendon-rooms , la * verpooL Cornthwaite , Dean ' s-court , Doctor ' a-wnmons , London ; Cornthwaite , Liverpool . James Woods , horse-dealer , Ronndhill , Lancashire , August 7 and September 7 , at eleven , at the Swan ta > > Bolton-le-Moors . Cragg , Harpur-street , Red Ii <> n * square , London ; Robinson , Blackburn . James Patterson , warehouseman , Cateatou-street , London , August 3 , at one , and September 7 , at eleven , at the Court of Bankruptcy . Whitmore , official assignee , Baainghall-street ; Simpson and Cobb , Austinfriars . '
Benjamin Saison , iron-master , Birmingham , August 3 and September 7 , attwo , at the Waterloo-rooms , Birmingham . Chaplin , Gray ' s Inn-square , Xo dost Richards , Birmingham . John . Lloyd and William Lloyd , cabinet-makers , Atherstone , Warwickshire , August 18 , at two , at *» Red Lion Inn , Atherstone , and September 7 , at twelve , at the Newdigate Arms , Nuneaton , Warwicksnfe * Hawkins , Bloxham , and Stocker , New Boswe 1-court , Carey-street , London ; Power and Pilgrim , A tbe 1 " stone . " John Heap , jun ., merchant , Manchester , Aogw * !•» at ten , and September 7 , at three , at the Camm * rioners ' -rooma , Manchester . Makinson and San < lers , Elm-court , Middle-temple , London ; Atkinson u& Saunden . Manchester .
John Gtratrix ; machine-maker , Preston , Angort l '» at two , and September 7 , at eleven , at the To * ' ball , Preston . Mayhew , Johnston , and Mayie *» Carey-street , Llncoln ' s-inn , London ; Backburgt an * Son , Preston . William White and Thomas Broad , wine uw brandy , merchant , Newport , Isle of Wight , Augu st 9 and September 7 , at twelve , at the Bogle Ian , Newport- Dlmmock , Sise-lane , BtteSlerefeury , London ; Allen / Newport .
Untitled Article
6 THE NORTHERN ST AR .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 31, 1841, page 6, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct717/page/6/
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