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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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JEE LATE STBIKE , ITS CAUSES AND EFFECTS . « KI . "> G TBS SUBST 1 XCB OF X LECTURE DELITE&ED IH
LQSDOX BY JOHK WATKINS . C Concluded , j TPTho is there that hears of the lire * of hi « fellowcreatures being taken by the command of thoBe -who bad before deprived them of tbe means of living—who that bears that workiag-men , with large families < Sepe-4 ent upon them , have been shot , and their brethren prevented from meeting to express pity for their £ ate—who that bears of these things , but most abhor jjje system under which they take place—but moat swear that he will not be stopped from crying aloud that be vU' spare not nntil one general voice of indignation ring throughout the l&sd , and sound the tieathtnellof faction ?
London has don « nobly—though not the scene of these outrages—though not suffering from the distress which provoked them , y 6 t have the men of London ahe ^ ii their sympathy—shewn that they would make common cause with the oppressed against the oppressor jne gntward determination of their feelings has been checked , but their hearts will burn all the warmer within , aEd determination become more determined . The ffien of London heard the cry of the turn-oats , whose reeking blood cried to them from the ground it knocked at their hearts—their hearts opened , and the po'wer of their minds , will unite to form a mighty
torreEi of public opinion that shall arise and sweep from tbe land all loyalty to a Queen who knew of the distressed condition of her subjects , and yet offered £ 50 , not for their relief , but for their blood per aanall obedience t » a Guvemment that could express sympathy tri the sufferings of the people , and then send soldiers to shoot them—all respect to a Parliament that , pretending to represent tbe people , rtf uses to listen to their prayers , or replies with mockery and insult . A snllea calm has succeeded the storm—the silence , not of submission , but of fixed passion holding its breath , —
" Until the hour which shall atone for years , " Oh , when trill that hour come—when will liberty be here ? I b ^ J * ° myself , Bunnymede ! and the word is liie the sound of a trumpet to waken my heart—it beats witn renewed ardour in the cause ; but when will our BunnTiaede come—the day of our Great Charter ? It cometh—it easts its shadow before—the late strike is the pr = cursor of a greater Btrike—the deeds of tbe tjr&nts are hastening their own downfall—but let na be wary—let not our enemies succeed in throwing on us the odium of their deeds—in shifting on us the indignation dne coly to themselves—in charging us with their crimes—cor let us expose our live * needlessly , useless : y .
I deeply deplore the blood that has been shed—I should much deplore the shedding of more blood , and therefore in th 9 hope of deterring rash , inconsiderate , or superficial thinkers from attempts which common foresight would show must , in the present unprepared state c-f the people , and in fatal failures , I will briefly state frh&t is necessary to physical-force success . In the first place each man must not only be wellarmed , veil-trained in the use of those arms , and a great number well-mounted ; bat , in the second place , they must know how to act in masses , as well as individually , in a body , at once : all this done , they will require artillery and store of ammunition , uniforms , Ac Tbsy would not be in want of a leader—they ¦ houid not be in want of one . An army of the people
that had beaten the first force which Government had aezt against tfcem , would have nothing to do but march up to London , receiving fresh numbers as they came along , and welcomed into the metropolis by hundreds of thousands . The Charter would be granted at once : but what then ? If the people dispersed , it would be as soon revoked ; and if they kept up their force , they would find it necessary to establish a military despotism of their own , and freedom would still be a stranger to the country . All the middle classes—all that portion of the working men that could be coerced or bought—all the aristocracy afid such numbers of foreign troops as tha continental fcinp would gladly send to their aid , —all these would be arrsjed against the pesple , and when would civil war cease ?
Bat wbat do I talk of ? are not the people unarmed , undrilled . untrained , undisciplined \ Will they be allowed by those who have unarmed them , and who have armed , trained , drilled , and disciplined both red-coats and blue-coats on their side ? will the people be suffered to fit themselves individually , numerically for the encounter ? Are there not spies in the land employed to entrap all true men , who betray them for a word , —for tbe tyrants wait not for deeds ? Let our physical , force boasters bear in mind what time it takes to drill
ft nan , and how email a force of disciplined men con put to the rout a large body of concertleas rioters . I grant that not a working man but would be a ma ' xh for a soldier in boxing or wrestling ; but could he with fists fight the other with a sword , or equal armed , if not equal skilled ? The pike , to be sure , may do xnueh , —tbe mutket more . Strength is not all that is needed , nor still neither—calculation is required , but this is the leader ' s part—judgment in the choice of ground and in the conduct of a battle or a retreat .
We often hear it said that nothing but physical force or the fear of it will ever get the Charter . I leave the people to judge of the probability that the Charter will be gained by force , or that the Government will fear it , while they have the army at their devotion , and what chance there is that the army will wheel round to the side of the people . If the people see no Rch probability , no such chance , would it not be better for them to leave physical force to those who are so fond of using it—to those who are prepared with itto thess who mate it the bnsines * of their lives to learn
it—who study it as a science—who glory in its exercise —lsave it to them , and let us stick to moral forcethey cannot beat us there—we have beat them in every moral encounter—at every public meeting , or discussion . They cannot defeat us morally until they can refute our arguments , and they have not been able to answer them yet Let us despise and detest physical force ; we have nobler ground to stand on . Their cause requires the gun and sword ; ours tut the tongue of truth . Morally we sre strong . Be not overeoms of physical force , but overcome physical force by moral force . We shall yet disarm them ; we skill turn their swords to sickles , and their spears to pruning books . I deny not tbe justice of physical fore : —it is a right of nature to repel force by force , and surely it is Bare just to employ fores in a good cause than in a bad
oae . All things are just , as Si . P-iul sejs , bnt all things are not expedient . Physical foree is not expedient : it u not just until moral means have been tried ; and exclusive dealing , if fully carried cut , would carry the Chan « . Physical force never did succeed on the part of the people more than temporarily ; it always fell again , because power , gained by force , must be maintained by force , -whereas a moral revolution , by turning the wiole system on its axis roard with it , keeps it so —bat constraint will ever back recoil . Therefore , it is not dtilrable that the Charter should be won by physical force , if it can be won without ; because of the blood that must be shed and of the uncertainty of such a foundation . The force required is a force that would compel the middle classes to return rcen to Parliament P > e--ged to the Charter as they were formerly to the Reform BilL
If physical force never succeeded in England's former days , when tbe people were armed and there was eo standing army—when every citizen was a soldier—how can it tuoceed in su ; h an aiter < sd state of soeiety ? Waste no time , therefore ; injure not tbe cause by physical outbreaks ; but , from their failure , from the mpossiti ' ity cf tbeir success , Jeam a lesson for the future ; let us turn all our thoughts to moral means . Physical force gucceeds better in the hands of tyrants , ittn « f ? be people—it is better adapted to bad than geod
€ . ' . < - 5 . Whenever did liberty succeed by physical force in this coantry ? Ton will instance the time when iiagna Cia-va was gained , which ought to ba a precedent for tu . But the barcDs in those days had all tbe power of tfce k :: sdem in tfcsir hands , when they chose to combi "> Lid yet , haTing compelled the king to sign it , t-r-T . / ied hia signature the first opportunity , levied an :.--c ; t , and would probably have punished the barons , t " ¦ -o : a pest flsed swept away his power as he was pa ^ n * along the wash .
Ti-r barons were se afraid of him that they offered tki crown to a son of the French King , on condition &v . -jroaid deliver them , just as the Lords » e-j cmpeiled King James II ., to abdicate , crowned acd Kyied William III . tfceir deliverer . You may in-BVxce the time of the Commenweaitli , but Bee the difkri-nce between our time and that Parliament tLcn took up the cause of the people , led them on , and 5 ° * ? Het . them—now it is against us . Cromwell at tbe beai of a veteran and victorious army like C »* ar of old and Bonaparte in modem times , used his power not to & «* tbt iiation , but to establish his own dominion over
J t- You may instance America—but America is a country far distant from the # ountries of kings , and a n s . l revolution had first carried the cause there ; Ptjiicai force was needed but to maintain "what moral fwet had already effected . It was a foreign yoke which ttie Americana hid te cast off—and their better knowk of the statistics of their own country was a great * QT * ttag 6 m their favour . There was a time in Engird w ^ ^ ^ p ^ t ^ of London could turn the BcJe * of faction ; but those times have gone by ; and it J » a matter comparatively easy to turn tbe scale * of two "wies eqiany poised such as Whigs and Tories ; but •^ successfully to oppote their united force .
** i not those who have bufll their hopes on physical force be disheartened tbera are ways and means of asking it greatly- assistsnt at turea to moral force , as " ? as cone in ths agitation for the Beform Bill , and . I " ** convinced that the late strike , though it might fe : ! of immediate effect , will have made an impression on the country—will have produced an excitement that * ili ultimately prove highly beneficial to the cause . It fino ^ a ths spirit that is abroad—a spirit encocquer-* fcH tiat eacnot be crushed . Tfcafc strike Tras an electric shock , and many will be awakened by it . The bloody acts of the tyrants wiil cause a reaction , which tirfr subsequent conduct will confirm . Universal will ** -2 spirit that will usher in "Universal Suffrage .
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THE ANTI-CORX LAW LEAGUE AND FREE TRADE . TO JOSEPH STUEGE , ESQ . Sis , —You have said a great deal lately about the great' advantages which the industrious classes will derive from the low prices of corn , to say nothing about low prices of other kinds of food . I will asiume that the price of wheat for the last three years has been 60 s . per quarter , which , I think , is somewhere about the mark . I will then admit what you seem to believe would bs the case , that free trade would reduce the price ot wheat to 40 s . a quarter on an average .
Now , the taxation of this country amounts , in round numbers , to aboat fifty millions sterling per annum , all virtully and ultimately paid by the labour of the industrious classe 3 , for without their labour , neither taxes , nor rent , nor any other income could be obtainedcapital without labour producing nothing . Well , then , these fifty millions of taxes have been drawn from labour , at 60 s . per quarter , about Eeventeen millions of quarters of wheat per annum , for the last three years , to discharge them , or an equivalent thereto in some other productions of labour . At 40 s . per quarter , they will draw about twenty-five millions of quarters per
annum . What advantage , then , will the industrious classes derive from this , supposing even that new wheat is all grown in America and other foreign countries , instead cf in England ? Besides this , there are the increased burdens which labour will have to sustain , by paying the difference In the increased number of quarters of wheat at 40 s . per quarter , instead of 60 s . per quarter , in the shaDe of tithes , rents , tolls , and the endless list of fixed chargaa wbicb . labour cannot shake eff in the present state of society , and which increase in burden exactly in tbe » me proportion that the prices of the productions of labour fall . __ , __ htw the furnishing
I wiah , then , you would explain of twenty-five millions of quartera of wheat , to discharge tbe taxation of the eountry , or an equivalent in other commodities , can be » less burden on the industrioM elaasea , than tbe famishing or MTentoen millions only for tbe same porpoee , ii I will admit that the Russian * , Prussian * , Americans , and other foreigners , will take goods , * nd net gold , in exchange for their corn , though it is as notorious as the eun at noon day , that the Americans , in particular , are in as much wtsi of our money a * we are of their corn , and that the Russians and Prussians , and ibos « other nations , will not take our manufactures at all , except to a very limited extent , upon any terms or conditions whatever , and that they will not give us their corn for our gooos , though , like Bonaparte , all through the war , they will glid'y give it for our gold . For my part , I cannot see what advantage the iedttftnous classes of this country are to gain by giving lower
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priced goods in exchange for lower priced corn , if they are to discharge their rente , debts , tithes , taxes , &c , in the produce of their labour , lowered , as it infallibly must be , in the same ratio as you and your party say corn will be , viz , from 60 s . to 40 s . per quarter , ox 50 per cent . I am , sir , Your humble servant , Thomas Smith . Birmingham , Sept . 6 , 1842 . P . S . —It is very singular tint during the late disturbances , except on the part of a few corn merchants
and a few manufacturers , who are said to make goods chiefly for foreign markets , instead of a cry for free trade , and no corn laws , " we have heard nothing but a cry for " more wages , " that is to say , for more caoney Where one mouth was opened to demand no corn laws and free trade , a thousand were opened to demand more wage * . How was this , sir , if low prices are such a wonderful benefit to the industrious classss ? I eay nothing abfra t tbe other classes , knowing full well the benefit low prices of all articles , as we ^ l as of com , is to them . T . S .
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ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF MR . H . MOULE FOR TENDERING BAH . FOR THE NOBLE WHITE . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir , —That the leaders , or any one who boldly steps forward in the causa of humanity , are to be assassinated , is demonstrated in the following instances . The facts are these : —While standing in my garden on Saturday last , an o . d rabid Tory came up , and shamefctl 2 y abased me . I resented the insult by telling him tbat which be will not soon forget . However , next day brought to light tbe hellish conspiracy . While in the back garden alone , this man ' s son pounced upon me with the ferocity of a madman , he being a powerful fellow , and I , vice versa , tript my heels , and while
down kicked me severely . Oae kick in the small of my back gives me great pain . Now not content , jhe seized me by the throat , ami verily life must have been extinct , had not Mrs . Moule and others been brought to the spot through my cries of murder . With the assistance of the above persons , I was released frem the assassin ' s grasp , and crawled , as well as I could into the house , where I had not been more than a moment , when he came to the door , with the intention of following me ; but I was prepared . Another step , and he would have paid dearly for his temerity . Seeing me thus , he quickly retreated . But this was not sufficient ! life still remained 1 Little did I think that another deep-laid " plot" was laid for me . however while sitting in the bar of a respectable inn in
this village , last night , this same coward , with a posse of Corn Law fellows , commencing witk d ¦ g my eyes , for offering bail for that b y White , as they termed him . One shabby , mean shopkeeper , commonly known as " Tommy Shop Billy , " a kind of bully for the Cheap Bread men , was the first aggressor ; not content with abuse , raised a glass and would have smashed it in my face ha 4 it not been Tot a gentleman stepping before me . This was the signal , and nsver could bell present such a picture of demons , my former assailant foamiDg at the mouth like a mad dog , again made a plunge at me and had it not been for the kind assistance of the landlord and a respectable working man , my life would not have been worth a moment ' s purchase . With their kind assistance I escaped unhurt .
Working men , what think you of this picture ? what tbisk you ot the men we are called upon to join ? does this not show us middle class sympathy with a vengeance ? away with the glimmering thought—periah , I say , for ever , the idea of union . Who are our real friends ? By giving insertion to the above you will much oblige Yours , In the cause of humanity and justice , Mount Pleasant , Henry MOULE . Bedditcb , Friday night
P . S . I was in Shrewsbury some three weeks since , and accidentally fell into company of Finnigan , of Stevenson's-square notoriety , and during our conversation ( this was abont the fourth or fifth day of the insurrection in Manchester , ) ho stated in great glee that they had at length commenced in right earnest ; tbat stopping the mills at a given time was the only earthly change , they , the League , bad of gettlDg a repeal of the Corn Laws ; that the Government must now yield ; that labour should not be resumed till they , the Government , had given them free trade . He also told me he left the second day of tbe outbreak . Now I who are the men who mislead tbeir dupps and run away from tbat they so richly merit ? Answer this .
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LINNEYS DEFENCE FUND . TO THK EDITOR OP THE NORTHERN STAR . Sir . —There are at this present moment so many appials to the Chartist public on behalf of , not only the General Defence Fund , but of numerous local victims , that I scarcely dare call upon our numerous body for assistance in the case I would allude to , namely , a fund for the defenoe of Mr . Linney , whose incarceration in Stafford prison has been duly reported in the Star . To Linney ' s able conduct may be attributed the peaceable condition of this district . This alone , I am aware , will be enough to cause a Jury to bring him in guilty of any charge that may be brought against him ; bis only crime being his influence with the working c ' aas ; hiszJalous advocacy of their legitimate rights ; and his successful exertions in protecting property and preventing outbreaks .
The friends of the cause here have been long out of employment ; consequently , have not the means of themselves to assist him as they would wish to do ; thertfore ( though with reluctance ) are obliged to appeal to the friends of the causa , tkroagh your invaluable and widely circulating paper . Hoping that you will insert this , witk a remark or two of your own , especially as Mr . Linney has , by his indefatigable labours , rendered essential service to the Chartist cause . I are , Sir , Yours , most faithfully , In the cause of freedom , John Cadley , sub-Secretary . Bilston , Sspt 19 , 1842 .
P . S . Our distant friends may be assured that we do not relax in our endeavours , and are determined to exert ourselves to the utmost ,
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^ TO THE CHARTISTS OF LONDON . Mr Fkiends , —I left the town of Chard in Somerset , early on Saturday morning , having to travel about eighty miles , partly a crosscountry ro . id , to get b . vck to Bradford , in Wilts . Lectured in the democratic chapel on Sunday morning , August 21 st ; in thb tfu ; ruoon and evening at the democratic chapel , Trowbridi ? e . In the evening it was put ts a show of Lands if a public meeting should be held in that town on the Monday , and carried . I returned to Bradford that evening to be ready for action the next morning . 1 and four friends , by the desire of our brother Chartists , took out card 3 to enable us to attend the North Wilts Reform Association ; the farce that gentlemen , who [ call themselves Reformers , went through on that day , will ever render them despicable in the eyes of jurt men . The points of their resolution Till tLn 9 : —
" That every man have the Saffrage , if a tenant in one spot twelve months—he aud his family nut to hare received parish relief during that time . " " Vote by Ballot " " Triennial Parliaments . " Mr . Esan moved as an amendment , the aix points of tbe Charter , and I eecop ' i ' . td it ; in so doing I respectfully and firmly inforioevi the gents there present , that never again would the wvrking men Assist in any movement unless all ths tights of ciV . xansbAp was acknowledged—their jast due . I showed them the folly of again attempting an agitation for selfish class benefits . S . ill the blind lead the blind—they carried their rcBolutions , and ft . 11 in the slough of unjust Eeifishness together . I started in ths rJterooon to Trowbridge , for tfce out-duor evening meeting , and a most glorious one it was ; I doubt not you read the account in the Star of the 17 th .
On Tuesday walked to the village of Melkshara , with the old veteran Radical John Harden , —again no meeting . All are not patriots who would be thought so . Oa Wednesday got to Cirencester . Lectured in the market-place in the evening . Ob , it you could have seen the preparations for war made on a grand scale by the magistrates^—by the yeomanry , they having their horses bridled and saddled and their accoutrements ready , wardsmen out for action , and to bring up the rear a waggon , load of bluebottles , with cutlasses and bludgeons , —I was informed that these came from Cheltenham , —I say to have seen all these mighty preparations you would indeed have thought something of moment was pending , big with the fate of liberty and Cirencester . This prodigious mountain in the pangs of labour brought forth its progeny at seven o'clock , p . m . and what was it forsooth ? To guard the Chartist lecturer , Ruffy Ridley , and by tbeir
agitation gain him a good audience . Thanks to the worthy gentlemen , yeomanry , wardsmeu , bluebottles , and all tbeir small fry : they lid this to the very letter . There is a noted bullying , blustering , dissipated disciple of tbe meek aud lowly Jesus , belonging to th « Established Church , residing near t ' ois place , famed for pulling down Chartisc bills and laying a bunch of nettles between th « hind legs of a poor horse , the dumb beast kicking and plunging with pain from this horrible torture , broke the gate it was fastened up to . This disgrace to man—let alone the Church of God—was heard to say , " He did not car * a d n about it , only he had to pay 2 s , 6 d . for mending the gate . Behold the wisdom , juslice , and mercy of this clergyman-magistrate ! I know not if his father and brother , who are > LP . 'S , consider hhu a disgrace to their house . It is evident the good people of Cireucfe&ter consider him a a pest to their borough . On Thursday eveniDg I lectured la the beautiful tillage of Cliatfordj in the open air .
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On Friday , at Stroud . This lecture was cried for the Market-place . When I arrived at the said Marketplace , I was Informed that was private property . I then adjourned the meeting to opposite theCharUstroom . I must here state , that in-door lectures , when out-door can be obtained , appear to me valueless Tie dogberriea and despotic powers of the day care naught for our principles , so loDg as we keep them hid under a bushel measure . In this place I witb sorrow fleard that a man of the name of Evans , whese conduct , to say the least jf it , is disgraceful , had palmed himself on our friends . I hope tbe mention of bis name will be sufficient to put Chartists on their guard . Further information , if any locality requires it , can be had of Richard Workman , at Joel Whiting's , shoemaker , Chatford Hill , near Stroud- ' -.
Left Stroud on Saturday morning by day-break , with William Ind , of Stroud Hill ; he accompanied me ten miles on the road , carrying my luggage . I can only return my heartfelt thanks for his kindness . Crossed Newnham Ferry ; got to the top of the height to a still property named Pleasant Still . Here , indeed , was labour repaid . The grand view of the noble Sovern with its attendant scenery , for miles distant , was truly a sight worthy some pains . Arrived at the Forest of Dean in the afternoon ; was welcomed by Mr . Morgan , hest of the Green Dragon . On Mondayafternoon . the 29 th of Aagaat , delivered the first Chartist lecture in this place on Cinderford ' s Lump ; was honoured , if honour it may be called , with the presence of six uiagiatrates ; they had their bluecoated gentry , numbering about sixty , hid in the waod . I announced a second lecture for the Friday nusfc .
On the Wednesday , posters of cautien were out from the said magistrates . By-the-bye , I perceive wisdom and magisterial lore runs in their families I suppose the fathers are endowed with the magic power of getting magistrates on the same eoalo that our crowned heads get kings and queeHS . I Will give you their names generally , according to the scrip : — T . Pyrke , magistrate and father . D . Pyrke , magistrate and son . E . Jones , clergyman , magistrate and father . . E . O . Jones , magistrates and son . There , good people , yon have them according to the scroll .
When the inhabitants of the Forest saw the said caution , they took means to make the meeting on Friday legal . They sent a requisition of householders to one of the magistrates , and not receiving an acswer , called it themselves . At this , meeting I was elected delegate to the Sturge Cenfarence . The magistrates on this occasion did not show front , yet they took the precaution to double the blue-bottle force of reserve in the wood . After this meeting I was arrested in tho most hind and g 9 ntl « manly manner by Superintendent William Henry Laader ; passed tha night in durauce vile ; the next morning had before the same identical father and son magistrates , with adddition . The kindness paid me by these guntlemen was astounding and overpowering , ; they gave me all tao accommodation my position would admit of , yet was determined to commit me to the Gloucester Assizes for sedition—heaven save the mark .
Thoso most worthy gentlemen obliged mo by accepting bail ; myself in £ 100 and four securities in £ 25 each . I give you the names of thea ¦• kind-hearted men , Thomas Roberts , Edwcrd Lewis , Puilip Russell , and William Poynton . Thanks to you , my countrymen ! rest assured , whilst I ' ve breath to draw no injury shall result to you from my present position . To concludge , the good done in my late tour is the opening of four new locations ; 100 cards , entrusted to me by the Executive , taken up by new members—the money now in the bands of the Executive j many fresh members added to standing localities . I left the Forest of Dean with fifty-six members , on Tuesday morning . Arrived in London on the Wednesday . Yours , truly , Ruffy Ridley . Sept 16 tb , 1842 .
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GREAT FALL IN THE PRICE OF STOCK IN SCOTLAND . c . ( From the Scotsman . J FALK 1 RK SEPTEMBER TRYST—GREAT FALI , IN PRICES . For many years heavy falls of rains have been proverbial at our great cattle market ; but this season the weather has been more delightful than is in the recollection of many of those who have long attended the market , so tbat tbe immense stock never appeared to better advantage . Tbe first great sheep market commenced upon Monday last , and it is computed that sbont 60 , 000 sheep were upon the Tryst grounds , besides seven thousand or eight thousand that were disposed of on the road to market . Tbe first lot which left the grounds was sold by Messrs . Mitchell and
M'Farlane , to Mr . Young , flesher , Edinburgh . They consisted of 350 black-faced three-year-old wedders ; they fetched £ l per head . A very fine lot , and by judges considered the top lot in the marktt , which belonged to Mr . Laidlaw , Strathglasa , Invorness-shire , consisting of 600 wbite-factd three-year-old Caeviots , were sold to Mr . Hebdon , Skipton , Yorkshire , for £ 1 4 s 6 d each . It was remarked by judges , thata greater number of the white-faced Cheviots were in the market than was e 7 er at any former period . Mr . Patterson , Sandside , Caithness , had 1 , 540 three-year-old Cheviot wedders , 500 were sold during the day at £ l 5 s . ; 900 at £ l 4 " ' . ; 140 at £ 143 ; 1 , 200 white-ficed owes , price not fixed , but would range from 123 . to 12 s . 6 tl . Messrs . Mitchell aad M'FarlanB sold a very tine lot of one thousand white-faced Cheviots for £ 1 31 , so thai the average for this fine stock may be quoted £ l 4 . ; aud in this kind of stock most business was done . For crosses , prices from 12 e . to 14 s a head ; black-faced owes
varying from 7 s . to 12 ? . There wero about one hundred and fifty taps for sale . Mr . James CWorou ' , Auchendeen , Stirlingahire , sold twelve cf tue beet , which brought £ 2 3 s . per bead ; other lots -soM at prices downward to £ l 10 a . Messrs . Siller , Mendel , Gilchrist , Mackiniyre , and others , disposed of lar ^ e parts of stuck at similar prices . As above stated , at the close of Monday ' s sale a considerable quantity , chi < fly inferior , were unsold . There were forty-three tents for refreBhments , and five different banks transacted business upon the occasion . Tuesday afternoon sales continued very dull ; as given in former letter . The beat lot I heard of was siiid by Messrs . Morton and Marren , Glasgow , there were twenty-seven in tbe lot , and brought £ 17 each . About twelve one-year cltl bulls ot Ayrshire brtert v . ere sold at £ 7 . A number of small Highland qu' -ys sold at £ 2 . It is considered that the Queen ' s visit was the means of preventing the market going on as upon former occasions . Iu the horse market I consider but little business was done .
[ FROM THE EDINBUIIGII WITNESS . ] Mr . Alexander M'Donald , Moyes , Lochaber , effected a sale if C 00 black-facwl wethers , at £ 18 per score . Last year tbe same bind of of stock bronghfc £ 22 . Mr . A . M Doanld . of Lochray , Lochaber , sold 400 black-faced wethers at about £ 14 . Last year this atock brought about £ 22 per score . Mr . Walter M'Farlane , AuhindarrooQ , Bold about 200 black-faced ewes , at about £ G 5 * , which stock last year fetched £ 11 10 s . Mr . Tljomas M'Denald sold Strone black-faced wethers at £ 18 10 s ., wbicb last year fetched £ 22 10 s . Mr . Mitchell , of Invercaddle , seld a lot of black-faced -wethers ( the first sale which bad been effected to-day ) at £ 20 per score , 'shlch was one of the top-priced lots . Mr . Coll M'Donald sold a lot of Glenflnnan blackfaoed Wbthera at £ 18 , £ 19 , and £ 19 10 s . These were supposed by
some to be the best-conditioned black-faced wethers in the m&xket . Mr . Stewart , Glentmckie , sold 400 black faced ewes at £ 7 . These ewes were bought at last September Tryst for £ 16 per score , from Mr . M'Donald , Belquhidder , bnt had lambs this season , and bought today by Mr . Richvrd Fram , of Glasgow . Mr . Hector M'Kenzie . of Dantolm , sold a mixed lot of 900 Crosses and Cheviots , at £ 10 . Last year his stock brought £ 16 , and they , were better conditioned this year . Mr . M'Intyre , from Sunderiandabire , sold Cheviot ewes at £ 14 10 s ., last year they brought £ 20 , and they were in a similar condition . It will be seen by tbe above tbat prices bare suffered a very great decline from last year ; bat we believe tbat holders of stock were prepared to part witb it at a considerable reduction in price .
[ FROM THE GLASGOW CHRONICLE . ] Tuesday . —What sheep remained over from yesterday were parted with at prices folly as low as on that day , but a number left tbe market unsold . We have a great many saks of cattle to enumerate , but want of time prevents us giving all our quotations noted . We give , however , as many as will sufficiently show the decline in price our Highland breeders have had to submit to . A lot of ten West Highland &tots , from Fintry , Argylshire , were sold at eight pounds each ; they were purchased at Donne fair last November , for £ 7 a-be&xL Mr . Lewes M'Farlane s ; J' 4 a lot of a HO tiuoo
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year old queys for £ 7 each ; this kind of stock brought £ 8 12 s . 6 d last year . A lot of Kinross-shire breed sold at £ 14 o-head s they were good-conditioned . Messrs . J . andD Macdonald , braes of Balqnldder , sold the toppriced Highland heifers , 14 Q in number , at £ 8 10 s . a-head . Thoy were four year olds . Mr . Cameron , of Corrycbollle , sold eighty West Highland heifers at £ 7 7 s . They fetched £ 8 103 . last yiar , were good beasts , and were bought by Mr . Coull , Middles ton , Northumberland . Horaas a very poor show to-day .
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NOMINATIONS TO THE GENERAL COUNCIL . LEEDS . Mr . Elijah Lord , mechanic , 3 , Donton-st . Mr . James Cook , ditto ., 3 , Thackraysi . Mr . Frauds Jackson , ditto , Brou ^ htoa-st . Mr . John Cha , ttertou , ditto , 5 , New-ruad-cnd . Mr . John Firth , cloth dresser , ' 20 , Marlborou ^ hst Mr . James Hague , ditto , School-street . Mr . Matthew Garbutt , weaver , 28 , Windaor-st . Mr . Thomas Fraser , carver , Cumberiand-build
ings . Mr . Edward Carter , mechanic , Le-Athlcy-lane . Mr . James Ambtor , ditto , Cross Johu-st . Mr . William Crai / r . butchtr , 'IVniplar-rt ; . Mr . Joseph Jones , shoemaker , Wneat-st . Mr . Nicholas Dunn , Coffee House keeper , Kirkgate . Mr . William Baron , tailor and draper , George ' s-St ., sub Treasurer . All * . William Brook , tobacconist and tea-deajer , 21 , Ivukgate , Vicar-lane , sub-Secretary .
STAFFORD . Mr . Henry Harris , Ea . st&ate-street . Mr . John Boyle , Broad-eye . Mr . James Capper , Friar-strost . Mr . Humphrey Spanton , Sash-street . Mr . Wm , Leo , Eastgat-street . Mr . Wm . Ambrose , Snowhill . Mr . George Brian , Red Lion-street . Mr , Sarauel Ward , Friar-street , sub-Treasurer . Mr . Alfred iiunnibell , Foregate-street , sub-Stcre tary .
BARNSLEY . Mr . Robert Garbutt , weaver , Indle ' s-fold . Mr . James Noble , basket-maker , New-street . Mr . 15 enj . Bailey , weaver , Kingston-place . Mr . Wm . Hilton , ditto , Old Town . Mr . Geo . Haigh , ditto , Burton . Mr . Thos . Lingaid , news-agent , New-street . Mr . John Petteti , weaver , Theatre-yard . Mr . Johu Amitage , ditto , Pall-mall , sub Treasurer . Mr . Patrick Bradley , ditto , Wilson-paeco , sub Secretary .
NEW LENTON . Mr . William Horn , Ucemaker , New Lenton . Mr . Ja-mes Coxou , ditto , ditto . Mr . Thomas Browning , ditto , ditto . Mr . John Brown , ditto , ditto . Mr . Riohard Mellows , ditto , ditto . Mr . Jacob Brown , ditto , Bloomsgrove . Mr . J . Bostock , framework-knitter , New Lenton . Mr . Wm . Roe , laoemaker , ditto , sab-Treasurer . Mr . Thomas Smith , tailor , dicto , sab-Secretary . ALBION COFFEE HOUSE , CHUECH-STRKBT , SHOBKDITCH . Mr . George Goddatt , coppersmith , 11 , Club-road ,
Shoreditch . ¦ _ ' Mr . Thomas Parrott , chair-maker , 32 , Grey Eagle-Btreet . Mr . John Sheen , silk weaver . Mr . Henry Waisou , bricklayer , 5 , Barton-court , Khi £ siaud-road . Mr . James Davis , dyer , 1 G , John-street , Mr . John Staff , shoemaker , 4 , Lower Qaeoa-street . Mr . J . M . Jones , weaver . I . Mr . George Martin , clookmakor , 3 , Chutch-strett , 8 ub-Treasurer . Mr . T . J . Crowther , < lyer , 10 , Nelson-street , sub-Secretary .
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SHOIfoan . —A numerous and spirited meeting of the inhabitants of this village was hald on Sapt . 15 th , when , after a most able and excellent address had been delivered by R . K PoiJp . tbe following rewlntioa was unanimously passed : — " That this meeting hereby reoaMa its abhorrence « f the despotic acts of the Tory Government , -in endeavouring by military force , unconstitutionally , to suppress Vha expression of public opinioa , and to arrest by despotic means the progress of reform ; and t&ia meeting pledges itself to persevere in ail Je « al and peaceful means , until tbe People ' * Charter is enacted by tbe lecielature . " After a vote of thanks was given t » Mr . Phi ) p for his instructive lecture , and to the Chairman , for his impartial conduct in the chair , the meeting separated .
WJEPNESBURY . —Mr . Wm . Thomason lectured m the Chartist Association room bere on Sunday last ; he preached two sermons in the afternoon and evening , to two very respectable audiences . On Monday o'gbt , Mr . Tnomason lectured to a very attentive audience in the ropm , on the evi ! a of class legislation , Biid tbe enormons txpences entailed upua the ^ eop ' -e to t > up » port it . HAMILTON . —Mr . Lowcry , from Edinbu'Rh . lectured here Iaat Monday eveniny , in the RtV . Jobn M'Farlane ' s Cbapil , Saffron Hill . Subject— " Tne present state of the c-nutry . KiaKHSAXON . —Oa Thursday wee ! :. Mr . "David Ross delivered r . n eloquent lticiurt ; here , wben twenty new members ware ' euruiled ; aud oa Sunday , the Ciiartists beki their usual weekiy meetings , when £ o : ae business \? as Uanskcttii .
BUAQVOilO . —On Sundoy Mr . Hammond preached a sermon to the Chartists of Braf ford ia tha J . irge Room , Buttcrworth-buikiings . The meeting was well attended . The CuA . RTiST 3 of BowUnt ; have commenced collecting for the DjfVnee ar . d Victim Fund j . tiicy meet oa Sunday at six o ' clock in the evening . A Mesiingof CHaTITISTS wixs be ' jtl in George ' sstreet , when severs ! vtnoiw were nppoi : ; tt < i to collect for the Victim and Dai'iince Fund . All are determined to pursevt-ra and redouble their exertious to cause the Charter to be made law . ¦ ¦'" . ¦ The Chartists of Thonipson ' e-buiMiHg meet every Sunday iii'TiiiDg at tan o'clock , when subscriptions will be received fir the Defence and Victim Fund .
The Cua . rt . ists of iN'ew Leeds met on Sunday ia their K jo . ii , wbeu resolutions were uoanitcously pa-twil never to ctuse their exe . tions until tho Charter be made tha law of tho laud . The meetirg aujturned to Sunday next , at two o ' clock . The Chartists of Manningbam met on Sunday and resolved to renew thdr agitation for the Caorter . They meet every Sunday , at two o'clock iu tho afternoon . . On Saturdav evening the Chartists of Mason ' s Anns held their usual meeting , when ft interesting discussion arose oa tha best means of wbtauiintc the Charter . - Tha discussion was adjourned to Saturday next , at . eight o ' clock in tho evening .
On Monday "Evening the council h 2 id their meeting , when it was agreed that bach council : im : i should exert himsuif in collecting , and pressing on others to collect in their locality , subscriptions for the Defence-; itid Victim Fund . Oae shilling and niaepence from . Crossley ha . ll .-wa 3 paid to the Treasurer . The meeting adjourned to Monday next at sevou o'civci in tho evening , whan business of importmco wiU bs brought before the council . Every council man is required to attend . ' ' ' . ¦ COLCHESTER . —At the usual weekly meeting of Chartists in this town , an extract having been reaA upon the extreme nnsery and suffering which attends transportation , a resolution was put and carried unanimously ,. " That thia meeting BympaUiis > e with the Welch patriots who are banished from their uative country , and we pledge ourselves not to ce&se agitation for their return , and for the Charter to bucoiae tha law of tha land . "
DERB 7 . —Mr . West delivered a lecture to a crowded audience , at the Association Room , Willow-row ,, on Monday-n / git , on tbe present crisis . Ho was listened to with breathless attention for upwards of an hour and a half , arjd delivert ' rt a very able and argunien'ive addrets . At the close , Mr . Fraeer , of Leeds ,, addressed a few words to tha rmeting . A vote of tha / ik-i was given to Messrs . Wv . st and Fraser . Ssver . il new members were enrolled , and a sniall sura collected . for the Dafence Fund . STAPPOHD . —The Chartist shoemakers he ! d their quarterly meeting on Sunday evenirg last , at Mr . Harris ' s , Eastgate-Btreet , Mr . Henry Harris in tha chair ; on thy minutes cf the la £ t quarter being read and confirmed , and officers appointed for the ensuing
quarter , the following resolutions were . brought forward and carried with the greatest unanimity . Propped by Mr . Samuel Ward , and seconded by . Mr . William Ambrose ; " Taat we do view with horror and disgust tha dreadful havoc committed upon an unarmed , innocont , and' unoffending people by th > j seif-couttUuted authorities of this country in tho emyloj ! u » : of an armed force cf murderous ruffians , in tbe stspe of police , and a -orell-discipiined soldiery to / orco the people into a base EubmUstdon at the point of the uayo > : et , und 8 tifl 9 the cries of hunger by the cutlass and tho fcludgton , and that we do enter into a solemn protdsc against tbe bass , cowaraly , and contemptible spy system , "which is carried en for the purpose of entrapp ng t ; nd swearing away the lives and liberties of thosg brave and virtuous
patriots who have stood so firm upon tLe rock of principle , and braved tho threatening 6 tonn if persecution ,, fcnd in the very tetth of tyranta , bavo proclaimed the rights of man . " Proposed by Sir . J > hn Bay )© , and seconded by Mr . William Leo , " Thxt this meeting vicw 3 with indignation and disgust the b : utal and inhuman prosecutions commenced upon our honest and uncompromising leaders , for tts purpose of breaking . up our present agitation , but that we do pledge , ourselves to render them every assistance in our power , and seeing that they ara the victims , of class legislation , v . - o are determined to redouble our exertions in the < fe . truciion of that cruel and hideous monster , and tho establishment of a temple of rsal liberty upon its » u ; ns by the enactment of tha People ' s Charter . " Proposed by Mr . Alfred Huniiibte , seconded by Mr . John Goorg-3 , "That the thanks of this meeting are due and hereby given to that bold , brave , and indomitable c ' nasnpion of the
people ' s rights , Featgu 3 O'Connor , Esq .. for the part he has taken in the lato movement , and for the wealth , time , and talent that he h 3 S expended in the cause of suffering humanity ; likewise for his able management of that powerful luminary , the Evening Star , which is sailing above tha horizon of corruption , Plotting out the minor satellites o £ faction , diffusing l ; ght and hope into the hearts of British Blavea , and preparing the way for their political aalvation ; and that we do place implicit confidence in Feargus O'Connor as a leader , and the Stars as tho acknowledged ortans of the people : and to long as he continue : ) ia that noble , straightforward , and honesS courae that he has hitherto done , we are determined ta stand by him , and heed rwt iiia vile , sneaking -ambitious , r . nd cowardly calumniators ; -who are oniy fit . objscta for the ssorn and contempt of every hons » t " ifian aud who , we b'jiitve , erelong wiU kick themselves out of existence , and be known no more . " Twclva shillings wera voted to ths Dsfocca Fund , and the matins broke up .
NEWCASTLE . —Mr . Gammage , of Northampton , delivered a lecture on the six points of the People ' s Charter at West Muir , Colliery , on Fridiy eftersoon ; after ^ hich . niany of the Pitmen expressed a determination of forming an association in co : junctio : i with the Caartfets of Newcastle . Mr . Q . delivered another lectvsre oh the same subject in ttitt Chartfst ' a Hall , Goat Inn , Cloth-market , on Sunday evwiins . with uo 'l ; ifsct-Mr . Vincent delivered a itctui ' e on rite six p-. iaLS of the Charter , for the Complete Suffrage Union , in the L ^ ctuie Boom , Nelson street . Afttr which , a vote © f thanks was proposed to the Mayor , fur not acceding to the rtquest of tha magistrates to sanction wi * . h hia name the suppression of the last rights of tbo pooplo to meet in public to diseass the ' : r grievances an ; i petition for
redress , ( drawing a contrast between him aud ta& * rene gade ttiB hero of the Spital fl « W in 1839 . who . for a beggary knighthood betrayed hia fcur . at companions and tCcked by a cavalcade of hired as = a ? oins came out against them with musiets , with swords , and with staves . Tha resolution v . -as agrssd to by a great majority . It was propose : ! by Mr . Sinclair and seconded by Mr . ' Matthew Kabson Mr . Vincent delivered another lectaro in tbs same place - -on Wednesday evening , in w&kh ha uVly anawereti ' ths various orjectioasn-istfd !~ 7 tU-3 encases-of liberty to the doctrine of Chartism . » " <» tiiii eou « uct of its advocates , after which Mr . G . uumage prouosad tha following resolution , which being seconded , was car" this
ried wifnthreo dissentieata , viz : — " Xaat meeting bring convinced of the Etter hocek *! - ! ss cf ever obtaining justice from the miscalled Huiu-e of Commons , inasmuch as that Hoase only reprssents a . section , instead of tho great m-r ^ a of tbe pt-opls , do pledge itself never to relax in « ur txertiens until the People ' s Charter , as it now stands before tha world , shall be placed upon th 9 statute book , as tho law of these I 6 alnva . " Tho Chartiots of Newcastle held their weekiy business nieetbig on Monday 07 ening as usual , Mr . Smith in the chair ; after confirming the minutes of the previous metting , aad transacting some local business , resolutions , denunciatory of the tyrannous and mischievous conduct of the polica were agreed to .
CARLIStsK—A meeting of the Chartist Council took place oa Sunday evening last , at the Council Room , No . 6 , John-street , Caldewgate , Mr . John Armstrong in tbe chair . Tbe following resolutions were passed : — Moved by Mr . William Blytbe , and seconded by Mr . Thomas Roney , " That tne quarterly meeting of the Chartist Association , be held next weak . " Amendment moKed by Mr . J . B . Hanson , and stcomled by Mr . Jas . Arthur , " Taat the quarterly meeting be held a fortnight hence , which is the proper time . " Cirried by a majority of six to two . Moved by Mr . J . B tan .
and seconded b 7 Mr . James Arthur , " That this Council form itself into a Committee of ways and means , to nwet the necessary expences which may be incurred up to the end of the quarter . " Carried unanimously . Moved by Sir . Jami-S Arthur , and " second * . ' . by : MR J-tmes Hurst , " That the coitectirig . boo * s be obtained irei 4 tto eld - collectors . " Carried . 1 . 5 was thsn rirolved , " That Uw quarterly ni £ e ; iR 5 ba Luld i . i Iho Xi :. e ; : tre , and the Secretary give notice of tho same in tha Northern Star , and wiito a full report of & procesding * of the Council during the quar ^ r , "
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_^_ THE NORTHERN STAR . . ' ;• " .. . . . ; : \ . ¦ -. ' " . . . . - 7 _
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WATKINS' LEGACY TO THE CHARTISTS ' ITOBODCCIOBY LECTBRE . PART III . The Queen is most imperatively called upon to be a Chartist , beevise , u tha nursing mother of Eugland , it is her bounrfen duty to succour ber subjects as her own children—to save and protect them . She ought to reign-not for a faction , but for the people—to rule righteously , not sslfiahly and vain-gloriously . She ought to issue her royal proclamation , not to offer £ 50 for tbe blood of any of the distressed operatives , but to declare that their rights shall be restored—tLat the Charter shall be made law . The Peers ought to be Chartists , for they call themselves the " pillars of : ho State ; " and they onght to nphold the Constitution by justice and truth . The Commons ought to be Chartists , because they say they are the representatives of tha people ; but the people are not represented , nor can be until they are
allowed to vote . The Biahops ought to be Chartists , because they profess and call themselves Christians ;" and Christianity and Chartism are convertible terms The Judges ought to be Chartists , because it is their dnty , above all men , to be jast , else do their robes and furred gowns hide in 5 qulty—their ermine is Bpotted , and they are without wisdom . If not without virtue . Naval and military men ought to be Chartists , b « cause arms are for the recovery or defence of liberty . All men oT rank Ehould be ChartlBts , because there can be no real honour where there ia no honesty . All men of property ought t » be Chartisto , because " property has its duties as welJ as rights . " Ladies and gentlemen are not ladies and gentlemen unless they are Chartists , — the word lady is of Saxon origin , and means a " server of bread : " gentleman is a word that speaks its own meaning ; and what gentle i « there—what manly in opposing the oppressed ? what ladylike in beirg uncharitable ?
Tradesmen onght to be Chartists , because they confesa that they cannol live honestly under the present Bystem , and do they prefer to live dishonestly rather than chan-e it ? But of all men , all working men , ought to be Chartists , because they suffer most , and , in spite of Trades' Unions , find themselves sinking lower in ths scale of humanity . In the first place , not having the franchise , they are slaves , victims of misrule . Honest men are forced to become the servile supporters of the tyrants that prevent their honest endeavours—tb . 3 t ruin industry—or are driven into the streets to beg , blushing at their own degradationwith wife and children , exposed to the uncertain chance of charity—lyin ? at the doors of the rich like Lazirus , till sent to prison , or hospitals , oi bastiles , that they may pine , or sicken , or die out of sight Working men can assign no reason why they should not ba Chartists—none but what indeed are reasons to
tbe contrary—and there are many excellent reasons why they should join . A man ' s self—all that pertains to his being , his well-being are reasons—his wife is a reason , his children are reasons . Without liberty , he has no security for any of the blessings of life—without liberty be may dread all its curses . And can be see his fellow working men struggling for justice , and not help them—struggling for him as well as for thiimselve *—straggling , and perhaps opposed by him as well as by the common oppressors of all ? Can he see his fellow . working men taken to prison for taking hia part—and know that it is owing to his criminal indifference , or know that ke had joined him in the struggle , they would together have been too strong for the oppressor , and all would have been safe , successful Surely ho will turn indignant against the oppressor , and join his own order—join to make the labour lighter—the success all the more speedy—a labour which will ennobia him—a success which will enrich
him . All men ought to be Chartists , for it is the duty and interest of all to stand up far justice all the world over . But many of theworking-men are diverted from tbeir true aim by other projects , and I will shew that even as Socialists , as Teetotallers , as Corn Law Repealers , they ought to be Chartists . Socialists must know that ¦ while they float their litUe ark to iwim on the agitated waters of tbe present social system—it will be affected by all the adverse influence of the deluge of sin and miatry without and wound it ; and probably will be swamped by them—that it is not on sand , but en a reck that they ahould choose to build—and tbat univeraal ruffra ^ e alone can clear them out a goo * foundation : else their land will be a Utopia ; their hall a castle in the air < and government can at auy time suppress them , even as the Jesuits were suppressed . Teetotallers
complain that government licences gw-palsces ; that it patroa ' zifl drunkenness and debauchery ; and so will it bs until the Chartists reform the Government . Corn Law Repealers likewise ccmplsin that Government upholds a monopoly which prevents free trade in corn , and taxes bread . What will enable tbe people to press Parliament into a repeal of the Corn Lavrs but Universal Suffrage ? Socialists , therefore , with Teetotallers and Corn Law Repealers , if they wish success to tbeir several schemes , will all be Chartisto—will first get the Charter . Archemides said that witb a lever and a fulcrum he could move the globe . Toe weight of class-lwgialation that obstructs tbe efforts of all good Reformers can be removed only by the lever of Universal SufiVage , with the fulcrum of No Property Qualification ; in otheT -words , the Charter is the great engine of Reform .
IS ' ow , I would ask the working man who is not a Chartitt , why he keeps aloof ? Possibly , ^ ie does not understand the Charter ; that is a reproach to him . Let him know it , and be will love it . But possibly he is in fear of his master . Why does he live in fear ? If ha had the Charter , be would sit under hia own vine and bis own fig-tree \ for mark ; God says they are hia own ? he weald sit under them , none daring to make him afraid . Those whom he now fears would then fear him—would resp-.-cV him . But possibly he has good wages , and cares for none of these things ; that ia a greater reproach to him than ignorance or / ear—for that ia seiSsliness . He is no Han if he do not vindicate the rights of humanity ; if he do not feel for his brother if not for himself . But possibly be may say , the Chartists have damaged their own
cause , and may tell us to look at Newport . Well , look at Newport , and look at the provocationlook atbeth sidea . When men are awakened by their wrongs and become alive to their rightswhen they are seekisg only justice , and are opposed in the moat brutal manner by their very oppressors , will not patience bolt sometimes—will it not break out ? It is hard to keep cool and see our best friends , men of the first station in society , of first-rate abilities , who could have earned for themselves all that the system has to give , but who preferred justice and the people ' s cause to all;—to aee such advocates m these , who had sacrificed home , health , pessonal liberty , taken to prison only for speaking in our behalf . But look at Nswport -, it is a rock to Bhuu—avoid it , and we arrive safe into the harbour .
" The ' people sbooid resolve to . ianger no more—to thirst no more—to be slaves no longer , but to have and hold all the blessings they were created to enjoy . Not alone tbe living , but the very dead might rise to join this cause , and revenge themselves for the wrongs that brought them to an untimely grave , for life to the poor is not life—it is a living death ; aud if we have any affections in us—if we have feelings , senses—if we have hearts , arms , haais—minds aud souls—if we are human , we shall aid this divine cause ^—a cause which God himself might descend on earth to command—foi it is kIS cause ; but let him not come in great humility as aforetime ; for he would again be scorned and rejected of men ; but let him coma as he has promised , in sreat power and glory , and gain us our Chartercur pledge of happiness here , and of joy hereafter . Battersea . _ J- W " .
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TO THE CHARTISTS OF HELTON , THORNLEY , WINGATE , AND NEIGHBOURING COLLIERIES IN THE COUNTY OF DURHAM . Respected Friends , —As there seems now to be a healthy spirit of revival growing up amongBt you , no means ought to be neglected of cultivating and directing it . Lecturing is of all other means the most efficient in diffusing political knowledge and exciting the dormant feelings of the people . I have therefore great pleasure ia being able to submit to you an arrangement , by which withsut Bny burden upon , or injury to yourselves , you may be able to avail yourself of the aid of a
talented and honest lectuver . Mr . James Taylor , clock and watch ninker of this town , an old and esteemed member of our body purposes to visit the above colliery districts fortnightly , on business , and at the same time will be ready to lecture according to the appointment of the friends He will not receive any remuneration , relying on his business for support , I trust that the friends of tbe cause ia this district will remember that ; and those who may require his professional services will find him . well worthy of their support 1 beg tbat this may not be regarded as a ¦ u&Btitute far the services of other lecturers , but rather as a regular and valuable addition to their occasional services .
I am , friends , Yonrs , faithfully , J . Williams
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BRAVERY OF BRITISH TROOPS . It has been fashionable of late to make the grievance of a standing army a principal feature in the harangues of " Chartist demagogues , " and the sufferings of our brave soldiers , who have nobly risked their lives in Central Asia for the preservation of our authority against the intrusions of the northern tyrant have been made subject of merriment , if not of rejoicing . The acknowledged character of the British troops for valour and chivalry , however , can well sustain itself against the taunts of the " coward and the traitor . " It is the fate of men to suffer defeat as well as to achieve victory . And wUo will venture to say that our English army , when fairly matched or even over-matcbed , has failed to nphold the national character ? We admit
the triumphs of fate or circumstances . We can well account for the bravest falling before climate , 8 ickn « s 3 , or hunger ; but all casualties removed , wba ? force can stand OUR charge ? what skill resist orR science ? When interested demagogues thus sneer at OITR reverses , and mock the suffering * of our guardians , we are well pleased to direct public attention to acts cf valour which none can dispute or unaervalue . Let , then , the reader turn to our copious repoit of the victory gained by our troops over the women of Manchester whtm the shrieks of the enemy only tended to inspire OUR heroes with loyalty to that crown , in whose service they bad enlisted , aud In the defence of which thoy were alike regardleas of tattered petticoats , dishevelled hair , naked feet , and tender entreaties ,
presented in such force as might well have scared tho stoutest heart , and even made the " victor in a hundred battles" to hesitate . It is not matter of surprise , that the machinations of our free traders should havedeprived the female character of all those fences which its in my virtues had thrown around it . When we read of women in breeches , chained to carts , and living underground , trtated worse than tho Squire's horse , to furnish fuel far the Squire's comfort;—when we read of English mothers taking off ' their harness to give birth to English Freemen ; when we hear of chains being passed between their legs , and waggons of coal btin ^ their burden , while they creep underground;—when we hear these things , and find their masters contending that they are necessary for the purposes of " free trade ; " and for the preservation of British ascendancy ; —when we see our * ' hell holes" full of mothers driven froin their homes , to make profit for
Englishmen;when we hear of their training in infancy , and treatment in maturer life;—when we feuow that tie overseer's knout is the soft language of remonstrance;—when we 1 < now that they . are thrown into situations' with the male sex which are calculated to destroy that veneration , with which Englishmen of old were taught to look upon the fair sex;—when we-ftno ' w- these thiDgs , and that our rulers have sanctioned the abomination , — it is ssarcely to ba wondered at . that the fomale character should bare lost much of thai ra « pect which it has commanded in all times , save the present " free trade" age of chivalry . When the law declares that it is no crime to separate those whom God has joined together , how can those who execute the law , be censured or held responsible for dealing with the weakest and least protected in such a summary manner , as shall carry the principles of " free trade" into full and immediate tfleci ? The triumph over the Chartist females of Manchester leaves Waterloo
in the shade ; and let those veterans who wou their laurels upon tbe plain , and whose fame is to be perpetuated and banded down to future generations in the bequest of "the Waterloo medal , "—let them , we say , tear ths bauble from their breasts , and in its stead wear locks cut from the heads of the vanquished , which will no doubt be favaishud by order of the gallant Mayor to his gaolers . O how our " brave Queen " must rejoice at thi % more than compensation for our disasters abroad ! our defeat at Afghanistan and the Cape will now be forgotten ! The laurels of Manchester float triumphant over the cypress , and the heroic Lady Sale will look with calm contemplation 6 a the tafferings of cur prisoners in possession of the Savage , whom we would bavo plundered according to law , and murdered in accordance with the established rules of
civilized society , whon the news shall have arrived tbat our character is retrieved , and onr position rendered more equal , by a capture ot female prisoners at home , who may , perhaps , serve aa an exchange for those in the hands of the Barbarian abroad , wro brutally defends himself and his territory by Btrategeni and courage , against our repeated invitations to be scientifically butchered , or HONOURABLY BETRAYED . The British arms havo triumphed over British women : and upon their ruin , i : o doubt , the principles of free trade will be established , a fitting foundation for scch a superstructure , built by such architects . —Evening Star . _
Untitled Article
IRELAND . The Holy Sisters—The rapid progress -which Temperance has made in Ireland , once the land of poteen , has been observed by tvery well-wisher of our race , and , more especially , of our country , witb unmingled satisfaction . The name of Father Mathew will be revered as long as tho Emerald Is ' . e lifts her greeu breast above the waves of the Atlantic ; the obligators be has conferred on ber children will bo evidenced in their improvement in health , in comfort , and in hapeiness ; and the ruins of a whiskey distillery will stand a monument to bis honour . The only sound reason which we can perceive for doubting the stability of the Temperance Reform , lies in tho circumstance that no general popular amusement has been hitherto provided as a substitute for that which is taken away . The
demand for pleasure , in one shape er another , which is inherent in ths human mind , must havo a corresponding supply . This fupply was , till lately , found in ardent spirit *; vary often because no resource of a batter description was attainable . Tha introduction of a simple method of imparting a practical knowledge of one of the most refined and captivating of tho arts , affixes the stamp of permanency upon tho reformation of the Irish people . "' . Music and Temperance have met upon , the shores of Cork , and from then « a we hops thosa holy sisters will proceed haud in band , upon thtir peaceful march throughout the lovely land of thsir adoption . With reference to this holy alliauee , we might quote ( but changing the names of the interlocutors , which in the original are Death and Consumption ) Kirfce White ' s lines : —
" I will pave the way for thee , Thou shalt furnish food for me !' Mainzer ' s Musical Times .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Sept. 24, 1842, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct772/page/7/
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