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THE NORTHEKtf STAR. SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1843.
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THE STRIKE.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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LANCASTER . ASSIZES . ( 'Continuedfrom our eighth page . ) TffMch these fad- proved . Darin * the course of his Lorfi .-Mp ' s observations on the " part which the respective defendants had taken in these transactions impnted to them , —he alluded to Mr . O'Connor , —and in Tefen-nce to the character of the speeches of that gentleman his lordship thought that the fair inference to be dmrn from the evidence "which had been adduced -wsa , that although he had advocated the principles of the Charter very strongly , and thought it was the only jemtiiy for the distress of the country , yet , at the same time , ha had accompanied it with a recommendation to peace and the preservation of property , as the only means by wb « ch the object sought to be attained could be sucoessfiilly carried ont With reference to the relative posiri--n of masters and men , his LordBhip said , that
although he highly approved of the code which allowed irorkiDen to combine for the purpose of Kiying what late of -traces they -would accept for their labour , be equa ' u ^ approved of the penal code which the Legislature had left for the protection of the working man ' s infinstry . If there W 3 S one Bpecies of labour which ought to be protected more thaa another , and the violation of which deserved the most exemplary punishment , it was the labour of the poor ¦ man ; for it was the only source of existence on which lie ha-3 to rely . He thought that tny attempt on the jart of one set of men , to compel others to leave their labour , -whether they ¦ would or not , for the accomplishment <> f some object which to them might be a matter of perfect indifference , was an outrage of the grossest kind , and one which , as he had said before , deserved the strongest reprobation and punishment which the forms of justice would allow .
His lordship concluded his summing np at about half-past four © 'dock , and the plan was adopted of hanflrng to the Jury , the names of the defendants in batches , the learned Judge asking them for a distinct Terdiet en each . The Jury retired , on the first batch of five , and were absent nearly an hour . On r = turning lofco court , his Lordship traa about to direct their attention to the evidence as applied to another batch , when the Foreman stated that himBelf and others of frta eoHe& £ rn *> ji ttd tafcan notes of tbo evidence , and felt themselves competent to deal with the whole of the defendants at one deliberation . They again retired at a quarter before seven , and , after an absence of little more than ten minutes , they returned into court , and prenounced the verdicts .
Thus terminated , at seven © 'dock ,, this protracted trial—the largest on record for soms years past . So densely crowded was the Court , that some minutes elapstd before egress could be obtained . Mr . O'Connor proceeded to the King ' s Arms , Marketztreet . at which place le was stopping , in company "With his attorney , W . P . Roberts , Esq ., of Bath , On his progress to the inn , he was enthusiasts cally cheered by a large Enmber of persons who had assembled outside the Castle to wait his coming ont .
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Lokdos . —A Concert and ball will take place on Monday evening at the Social Institution , Johnstreei , Tottenham Court-road ; the proceeds to be Severed to defraying the expenses incurred bj sending delegates to the Birmingham Conference . Chastises Attend . —Mr . Feargu 3 O'Connor will address ids London friends , on Tuesday evening next , at the New Ball , Turnagain-lane , Skinner- , street , on the recent trials at Lancaster . Admission to the body of the Hall , two-pence j and to the plat- i form , sixpence . The proceeds will be presented to : the General Political Victim Fund . ' -, A Meeteso ef the Shareholders will be held on Mcnoay evening at the Political and Scientific In- Siimiion , TnTn » £ iiTT > -1 » T > ft Skinner-street , to elect directors .
A Oonchkt xxD Baii will take place on Tuesday evening , at the flail of Science , late Rotunda , Blaekfriars-road , in aid of the funds , for defraying expences incurred at the Conference . Mb . Mastz will lecture , oh Sunday evening , at the acttntiSc and Political Institution , Turnagain-3 ane , Skinner-street . Me . Wbselel wiD lecture , on Monday evening , At Tillman's Coffee House , 59 ^ , Tottenham-court-Nad . Mb- Johs Watxjss will lecture at the Mechanics ' institnnon , Circns-street , Marylebone , on Sunday evening next , at half-past seven o ' clock . Gold Beatee ' s Abhs , OtD Si . Pasceas-boad . — Mr . Russell will lecture on Sunday evening .
Thb Ysxixs Chabti 3 TS of the Tower Hamlets ¦ are requested to meet on Tuesday evening , » t Ho . 12 . White street , BeihuaJ Green , on business of importance . Ploba T-jtebn , Babnsbubt Pabk . ^ A meeting of this Locality will be held on Monday evening , when every member 13 requested to attend . Woekisg Mes ' s Hxll , 2 § £ , Mils End "Road . —The members of the different Chartist Localities in the Tower Hamlets , are requested to meet at the above place , on Tuesday evening , on business of the creates * importance .
Ths Mehbebs of the Shoreditch Locality are requested to attend at tie Gloucester Coffee House , Chnrch-5 treet , Shorediteb , next Tuesday evening , At eight o'clock , to appoint class leaders , and to assist in taking a large building , to have a public meeting and lecture , from a gentleman of high repnfein the Chartist cause . A rrBLic baix and concert will take place at the Social and Scientific Institntion ,-John-street , Tottenham Court-road , on Monday , March SO , 1843 , towards defraying tie expenesd incurred through sending delegates to the late Birmingham Conference for the Borongb of Marjlebone . Si Pascbas . —Mr . Wheeler will lecture on Monday nexv , at Mr . Tdiman ' s Coffee House , 59 , Totlennam Court-road . Mr . M'Grae will lecture on Monday 27 th at the same place .
Sheffield . —Mr . Harney -will deliver an s > ddres 3 , on Sunday evening , in the room , Figtree-lane , at Seven o ' clock . Ma . Pxaxra will deliver an address , on Monday ¦ evening , at half-past seven o ' clock . "West-Ridisg IXelegaib Meeting . —On Sunday ^ to-morrow ) a general meeting of the ChanistB residing in the Wfcsi-Riding , will be held in the Large Boom , over the Co-operative Stores , Dewsbarj , at eleven o ' clock in the forenoon , on matters of the greatest importance .
AsHTOs-TTHDEB-LEtE . Mr . John Crowder , of Lower-moor , Oidham , "will lecture here , on Sunday evening , at six o'clock . No person will be allowed to lecture here in future , escept those ^ npon the plan for this district , unless he give seven day's notice , and receive the sanction of the council , and he mnst prodncehis credentials , before he be allowed io lecture . BraxiKGHAM . —The committee elected at the Hall < rf Science , Lawrence-street , for Mr . White ' s defence , are requested to attend at the Chartist room , Ashum-street , on Sunday evening " next , at four o ' clock , when all parties holding books from that body , will be expected to produce them . - SrBDAii . —On Sunday evening Mr . A Hanson , of Eland , will lecture in the Association Room , Cinder Hills , at six o ' clock .
Haujax . —It is particularly requested that any lecturer , intending to visit Halifax , Bhall give five day's noucc thereof , and also his address , otherwise iio communication will not be attended io . Mb . Jambs Clattob , of Midgley , and Mr . Joseph Greenwood , of Warley , will lecture in the large room , Swan Coppice , on Snnday , at six o ' clock ii the evening . Sowxbbt . —Mr . B . Butterley , of Halifax , wfli lectare , on Sunday , ( . tomorrow , ) -at six o ' clock in tht evening . Loweb Wablet . —Mr . James Bawden , of Ovenden , will lecture at this place , on Sunday evening , at six o ' clock .
Os Sckdat , March 26 , Mr . Bntterley will lecturj Si . Luddenden ; Mr . Bawden , at Upper Warley ; M * Greenwood , &t Orenden ; and Mr . Clayton , a Hixendfin , all to commence at six o'clock in th evening . Makcsesies CaxBUST Yocths . —On Tuesda ; evening , ihe 21 st inst-, a pnbh ' c meeting will be bel io ihe Youths' Room , Goulding-street , when tb following persons : —Mr . Morrison , Mr . Cbristophe Boyle , Mr . Thomas RaHton , Mr . Richard Pilling and other Chartist " Conspirators" are invited t avtead . SBowjc-sraKEx , Mxschestks . —Mr , Lane m address th © Chartist mechanics in the above roon on Tbxrsd&j ^ Tening next , at eight , o ' clock . TL public are invited to attend .
Ca » ctteb ' s Haxi .. —The Rev . W . V . Jacksi Will debver two lectures in the above bail , < Sunday , ( tomorrow , ) at half-past two in the afu noon , and half-past six o ' clock in the evening . A DAHcms class is held every Monday and Sati 4 aj evening , at eight o'clock , and a debating cl > « Tery Sunday forenoon . BBA » yoBD . —The members of the Co-operat Store will meet en Saturday eveomg , at h&lf-p # eren o ' tlock . A full attendance is requested , ai
fresh ooiBminee , ralftsman , and other officers v iave to be elected . The salesman will be reques to rende in the boose . Chapel-la ne . The shop well supplied with provisions © f the best quality , A iscruBS will be delivered in the large ro < Bntterworth BnildingB , on the Fallacj of the Qt ¦ feon— " That the Repeal of the Com Laws , un present cirenmstanoes , would benefit the work man or shopkeeper . " Free admission . Discus invited . To commence a » t six o ' clock in
evening . Mb . Hublet will lecture , in the Chartist Scl Room , Park-lane , on Snnday morning , at ten o ' cL The members are respectfully requested to punctual in their attendance , as bu ^ iceij of imp ante will be laid before them .
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Old jam . —Mr . Donovan will lecture in the association room , on Sunday , at six o ' clock in the evening . Ashtos . —A lecture -will be delivered in the Chartist Association Room , on Sunday evening ecxt , by Mr . John Crowder , at six o'clock . Oldham . —On Sunday ( to-morrow ) , Mr . D . Donovan will lecture in the Chartist Room , Greavesstreet , at six o ' clock in the evening . Rochdale . —Mr . Lane , of Manchester , will address the ChartistB of this place in the Association Room , at half-past two o ' clock in the afternoon , and at six in the evening of Sunday ( to-morrow ) . Holliswood . —Mr . Pontefract will lecture here on Sunday Uo-morrow ) at six o'clock in the evening . Newton Heath . —Mr . Glossop will lecture here on Sunday evening , at six o ' clock .
Mb . R . G . Gammage , of Northampton , will lecture at the following places : —Brighton , Monday , Tuesday , and Wednesday next ; Lewes , Thursday : Tonbrioge Wells , Friday and Saturday ; Tonbridge , Monday , 27 tn instant .
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THE TRIAL—THE PRESS—AND THE LEAGUE . F-xcept the one party whom it was intended to put down , the result of the late trial has placed all parties in " a queer fix . " They dont know what to make of it or do with it . The Tories are ashamed of it ; the Government wish they had had nothing to do with it ; the Whigs are mad with rage , while " liberalism" compels them to " hold their tongue" ; and the " League' feeld themselves somehow—allotebish—as if they anticipated a somewhat different result for their own turn when it comes .
As every effort was made by the press to- create prejudice , and to warp the course of justice previous to trial , so it has with due consistency carefully smothered the disappointment of its foiled patrons at the escape of the " robins" from " under the riddle . " With few exceptions the press affests to treat the matter as one of small moment ; and this same trial , which in its anticipation was made t » ring throcgh the whole country , is passed over almost silently . By some portions of it , the fi ] - lainons trick has been resorted to of giving the whole substance of the case for the prosecution , and suppressing the whole case for the defence . Yet even these are " bothered" with the result . The verdict still stands there . It aawitt half of the
accused entirely ; and eonvieta half of the remaining half of that which every man knows to be no moral crime , and which the highest authorities have declared to be no crime in law ! This is a stomach-blow . It ** knocks the wind ont . " They look at it on all sides , and the most part of them seem prudently to conclude that " least said may require least mending . " There is one , however , who is especially uneasy- The depth of his chagrin exceeds the power 9 f concealment . It must out . He cannot be quiet . His bile boils over ; and most dirty puddle is it ! Just read the following morsel from the London Correspondent , who is also , as we believe , the proprietor , of one of the most ultra of the ultra liberal"' Irish papers , the Dublin Monitor : —
" The general impression prevailing with rejpect to the conviction of Ftargus O'Connor and hit associates La , that it is not a satisfactory one . It urtgarded as an attempt to do that on a small scale , and with pour , paltry , and insignificant individual * , which , at the dose of the last century was tried and failed , when directed against the great and the clever . The case of Home Tuoke -was the endeavour to establish the crime of constructive-treason , whilst that of Feargus O'Connor is to make a precedent for constructivemisdemejmour . Notwithstanding the verdict of the Jary , it is considered that the prosecution has broken
down . My impression is , that when it was undertaken tht-re was the expectation entertained that some of the leaders amongst the Chartist body would have become Crown witnesses ; but . the great probability is , that Sir Frederick Pollock , who is , in private life , a most amiable , excelltnt , and honest man , would not countenance the project of his subordinates—he would not consfcut to ' tennB" beiBg made ¦ with any of them—he would allow no price lo be offeifed to any informerhe did not ' think it meet to compound with him by the year ; ' and hence the defect in the evidence which was looked for when those proceedings began . "
Now , isn ' t that rich ? I Just see the fellow ' s cadaverous scowl , as his brows knit , when he reads the verdict , and grumbles inwardly , " Curse on the stupid fools ! What can be done now ! Why this is actually a triumph ! " Look at his pinking ejes aa they poke about from one corner to another of the paper , as if seeking for some outlet , through which to thrust the intrusive " triumph . " See them recoil in disappointment from the surface of the paper , and bend inward to a raking . of the dish of mud | which he mistakes for his own brains , until they Sx I upon the lamp of dirt oat of which this idea has
been manufactured . And then se ^ how his piggy dayi lights twinkle as he drags it forth , and pursing up his mouth , says , There ! won't J do for you , ye ! spalpeens ! I'll circumvent you this time ; for I'll 1 swear that you could have told upon yourselves and j let out your secrets , only the Attorney-General ! would not hear them 1 " Now is not that fine ? with ; Gbiffim and Cabtlsdgk Btaring at him ? ! What ! fools these fellows must think their readers to be !
The Anti-Bread Tax Circular congratulates the League upon " this legal acguiltal of the charges bronght against the Anti-Corn Law League . " He makes italics dance with the announcement that throughout the whole trial : — No HngU tittle of evidence has bean adduced connect ing the Anti-Corn Law League with any portion of the disturbances . ' *
\ Gently , Goody ; gently ! Don't halloo till you i are out of the wood- We wish you as B&fe a deliver-1 ance and as true an one as that of the Chartists ; but ! it i 3 a Ettle" too blue" to parade the forbearance of i your victims as a victory ovor them . Wait till jour . tarn comes : will you !
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THE " SHABBY" BARONET AND THE " CONSPIRATORS" AGAINST THE POOR MAN'S RIGHT . The starvation mongers aTe * 'hard up . " They find enough of exercise for all their impudence to i " keep open house" at all . They can only hang by ; the damning system by mere " pewer of face" and , Bandit Law—the law of power . This has been ! strikingly instanced in the House of Commons duri ing the past week . Never did we notice a more glaring , base , cowardly and yet impudent throwing of the shield of power over their * ' comrogues of ' lesser note" than was practised by the Tory Governi menfc anJr their Whig supporters in the case of a
I motion by Mr . Fbbbahd for the productions of oer-! tain documents having reference to the doings of a ' portion of the Poor Law Ga&rdiaos of Halifax , and \ one of tke tramping-pauper Bcampfl of Assistantt , Commissioners , named Cle . m . rnt& . i The harpies of starvation role seem to have fixed on I 1 Halifax as a peculiarly congenial sphere of open-* tion ; Mr . TzkbjBxd was desirous that the country ; should know something of their proceedings ; and ,
i , therefore : — a On the question that the Speaker do leave the r i chair preparatory to the House resolving itself into I committee of ways and means , D " Mr . Ferrand rose to more , as an amendment , for 6 a list of the Guardians of the Halifax Union who . assembled at the Board on Wednesday , the 1 st of )] j March instant , specifying the ex-officio Guardians i . ' from the elected GuardianB ; also a list of the GuaT-> e dians who were not present , specifying the ex-f > fficio t ' ' . Guardians from the elected Guardians ; also the j name cf the Assistant Poor Law Commissioner who
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attended the Board ; also a copy of their minutes and proceedings as well as of the resolutions adopted by the Board ; also a copy of all notices given at any preqeediDg meeting of the Board relating to any preceding or resolution adopted by the Board on the 1 st day of March . " The honourable gentleman proceeded to state his reasons for this motion . Let those reasons be read and coupled with the fact that this simple motion for information as to what the guardians had done , that he might know , and th&t the country might know , whether the information which had reached the Honourable Member was correct or not , was strenuously and pertinaciously refused ; and that the refusal was supported alike by the members of the government and their predecessors and
opponents : — " He understood that there was reason to belieye that that meeting , at which eighteen guardians attended , was not oonvened by a proper notice issued by the clerk to the whole body of guardians . At that meeting the Board of GuiMians resolved that a strong athletic man should btfappointed , at a weekly salary , lo act in the capacity of taskmaster , for the purpose of applying a more severe test to the out-door labourers . It would be found that the Board of Guardians having , with the sanction of Mr . Clements , decided upon adopting a more severe test in respect of out-door labour , had also decided
upon adopting a more severe test within the workhouse . The question was brought before the board bow that test could be most advantageously enforced , and different plans having been proposed , that of a treadwheel was discussed , and how many men it would employ . Thi > treadwheel the Board of Guardians directed to be erected , and a member of the board undertook to see it erected . He had stated this some time ago , when he last addressed the HouBe on this subject . The Right Hon . Baronet ( Sir J . Graham ) stated that it was not so , and that , instead of a treadwheel to be applied to a rack machine , there was only to be erected a hand-mill
for corn . He < Mr . Ferrand ) next day received more information from another person . The Right Hon . Baronet , however again said that the mill was only a corn mill , and that he was told that by the Poor Law Commisioners . The Board of Guardians of the Halifax-Union had passed a resolution reflecting on words used b } him in the discharge of his duty to his constituents and to the country—a resolution which had been brought to the board from his own house by one of the ex njficio guardians and this was passed by the Board of Guardians , Mr . Clements , the Assistant Poor Law Commisbioner , assisting at the meeting . The same day an
order was- passed , with the sanction and approbation of Mr . Clements , for excluding the reporters of the public press from the board-room during the meetings of the board . But what Bort of a corn mill had been erected , did the House think ? Why , none at all ; but , instead , a rag machine had been erected * for the purpose of grinding rags obtained from the poor of the towns on the continent , an < i impregnated -jBilh all manner of contagion and filth , and he was told that the stench was so great , and the dust arising . from the grinding so oppressing , that they had the greatest difficulty in parts of Yorkshire , where rags of this hind were ground for the purpose of defrauding by the cloth manufacturers , to get persons to undertake the work . But , in order
to make this more of an infliction on the poor pauper , the wheel was to be worked by capstans , which were to be turned by the poor like horses . These capstans were to be worked at not only by the feet , but by the hands and breasts . According to the opinion of a medical gentloman whom he had seen , it was highly injurious to the health to labour in this way , and was likely to end in apoplexy . This was what was- about to be erected in the Halifax Union Workhouse for the employment of the poor there , either with or without the knowledge of the Poor Law Commissioners ; if they > knew of it , then they had deceived the House in the statement which they had authorised the Right Hou . Baronet to make in his place ; if they did not knew of it , then they had neglsoted their duty . "
The Honourable Member also made aemo strong allusions to a like case of horrible barbarity at Lambeth Union , Tthere a Corn Mil ! had been erected for the purpose of more severely testing the labour of the poor . At the corn mill , in the Lambeth Union Workhouse , sixty-four persons were to work at once ; sixteen at in-door labour , and forty-eight at oat-door . The mill was worked by one crunk , which was eo large thai every time these poor wretches- worked they must bend with their hands to the ground . The mill was under a
bhed . And the objcot of this contrivance was that whenever a poor person came to the workhouse to ask for a loaf oi bread , he was to be shown those poor wretches working at the crank under a shod !! He referred also to a leading article iu the Times newspaper of that day , in which it was stated , that within the last seven years 9 , 315 persons had been committed to prioon in England and Wales for offences against the rules and regulations of Union Workhouses , and that in the year 1842 , no fewer than 2 , 299 persons had been imprisoned in her Majesty ' s gaols for breaches of those rules and regulations 1
In reply to those statements of alleged atrocity and to this most reasonable motion for enquiry into one of them : — " Sir J . Graham hoped the House would agree with him that on the present occasion it would not be expedient that he should follow the Hon . Member for Knaresborough ( Mr . Ferrand ) . into any of the new matter ibat he had adduced . The Hon . Member had raised the question for the first time of the
Lambeth Union Workhouse . He ( Sir James Graham ) did not intend to follow the Hon . Member into that subject . He had had no opportunity to enable him to test the accuracy of the Hon . Member ' s information . Much less did he intend to follow the Hon . Member to the leading article of the Times newspaper , or into anything whioh might have been stated there th&t morning . It would be much better , in biB opinion , to confine himself to the motion before the hoase . "
Doubtless , it is " not expedient" at any time to enter npon a defence of that which we know to be indefensible ! Hence the " shabby" effort of the Right Honourable Baronet to- escape from as much of the investigation as it was possible to shixk . Lambeth and the Times newspaper were easily disposed of . They were " new matter . " But there was th » " motion before th » House . " This mv&t be " dealt with . " And how did the bold Barouetthe high-minded , honourable Baronet who refused to continue with the Whigs because they were a u shabby" Government—deal with thiB motion ^ There were only three possible positions in which
the Government and their supporters could stand in reference to the matter affected by Mr . Feruand ' s motioiii They must have known the allegations to be true ; or they must have known them to be false ; or they must have been in ignoraaoe concerning them , In either of the two latter cases , it is reasonable to conclude that they would have been prompt and forward in aooeeding to the motion ; ) Ecause by the production of those papers the question would have been settled , and the truth established . While , on the other hand , if they knew the allegations to be true , and were determined to uphold , but ashamed to defend , the practices
complained of , they would be sure to throwovery obstacle in the way of coming at the desired information . TiUany , like falsehood , eve * loves the daik . It ib ( never " expedient" to expose it to the overhauling of common sense and right feeling . And the way in whioh the " shabby" Baronet fences with the motion would be proof suffloient , if we had no other , that this is preoisely their position . He affects first to misunderstand Mr . Febband , He makes , him talk of a tread- mill , instead of a tread-icAeel , and is proceeding gallantly to deny that any such thing as a treadmill is known or dreamt of as part and parcel of poor law Baercies at Halifax . This subterfuge , however , fails him . Mr . Febband won't
" stand it . " He corrects him , and insists that he shall quote rightly the word used . He then triea to blunder out of it , by denying that it is a 1 r # ad wheel . He insists that it is a hand-mill , &rj& he read letters to that effect from Mr . Clemen cs , and from some man named Coblston . Now , it , required but half an eye to see that the conflicting testimony of the friends . of the poor to Mr . Febjixkd , and of the friends of the ** mill" test to the / light Honourable Baronet , was the best argument that could be found for Mr . Febuand ' s motion ; since nothing but the positive documentary evidence of the GuardianB' actual proceedings could settle the motion , and show which was right . Mr . Ferrand put this matter very foroibh : —
" He would not detain the House farther ; he would only say that the Right Hon . Baronet ( Sir J . Graham ) had insinuated that he ( Mr . Ferrand ) had stated in that House what was not true , and the Right Hon . Baronet ' . called on the House not
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to place too much confidence in what he said . Now , whatever he might think of the Right Honourable Baronet ' s conduct to him , a supporter of her Majesty ' s Government , as he had been , whenever be conscientiously could be , he had to tell the Right Hon . Baronet that the question was between the Right Hon . Barenet and himself whioh of their statements coincided with truth . If the Right Hon . Baronet could induce the House to agree to refuse these resolutions , still he ( Mr . Ferrand ) , it must be
remembered , was courting every inquiry . He desired nothing more than that the matter should be sifted fully , and that the Right Hon . Baronet and himself should be placed fairly before the country . If the Right Hon . Baronet succeeded in refusing the papers , the country would conclude that he was convinced that the production of the papers would show so much cruelty , and such ill-treatment of the poor that it woujd not be expedient to produce them . "
This Ferband is a tough fellow—not easily " driven ; " and one might almost have expected this to be a poser . But a " shabby" Bwonet is often lucky in mischances ; and so he discovered a perfect god-Bend of a Bheet cover for his minion in the fact , that Mr . Ferrand had made some reference to a vote of censure which had been passed upon him by the Halifax Poor Law men . This vote of censure was a " breach of privilege ; " and it was a very ungracious thing in the Honourable Member for Knaresborough to wish to claim the M privilege" of not having the He given to him by a tramping Poor Law Commissioner ! : —
" He could not think that it would be advisable for the House to embark on the question of breach of privilege under the guidamje of the Hon . Member for Knaresbqrough . It would not be prudentit would not be discreet . " Here then was a god-send for getting rid of the whole matter . The degradation , the inhumanity , the murderous effect of the " Devil's dus-t * millwhether worked by tread wheel or hand
wheelwere entirely lost sight of , and this " privilege question " was the only thing to be seen and talked of . The Right Honourable Baronet could not think of vindicating the " privilege" of the Hon . Member for Knaresborough . The cuckoo song was echoed by his satellites , both Whig and Tory , and " privilege , " " privilege , " privilege , " was the only thing they could any of them see in the whole iralter .
Determined to leave them no " loop-hole , " M ? Fkbrand '' came up ' again , and knocked down the privilege prop . He said : — " His only object was to let the House and the country know what had taken place . He found that there was a treadwheel ordered for the Halifax Union , which was to hold from four to forty persons . He did not know what had since occurred , and he would take no steps to bring Mr . Clements to the bar of ihe House if the papers were produced . "
This was a closer ! among men of ordinary decency it would have decided the question . But tyranny sets decency at defiance when its objects are to be maintained . And after this frank and explicit avowal from Mr . Feusa-md , that what he wanted was the papers , and not the " privilege , " Sir Robert PEBb , if he be rightly reported , had the ineffable moaaness still to insist that the motion was : —
" A renewal of the question of privilege , and that it was the intention of the Hon . Gentleman to enforce tho charge against Mr . Clements . Into that question the House , in hia opinion , had better not enter— - ( hear , hear ) . No person had more at heart the privileges of the House than he , but it was because of his regard for them that he would not wish to enforce a debate on them in the present instance . ""
Now this is , to our thinking , paltry and despicable beyond description ! but it was the only weapon that could be used against Mr . Ferrand ' s motion . And Sir Robert and Lord John Russell shared the honour (!) of its handling between them . Mr . Frrrauo ' s motion had , of course , no chance , and he withdrew it . 0 ! how we long to Bee the people assart their own 11 privilege , " that these sickening Boenes may pass away V
In the interim it is refreshing to see even one such member- in the House as Bus ? ield Ferrand , Tory though he be . Like a true Euglishman , he " came up to time" again , next day , as fresh as ever ; and the pair of u Shabby" Baronats- finding him not to be choked off , but determined to play the part of " the importunate widow " , with-a very ill grace , suffered tho rehearsal to go on—reading their own part of " unjust Bteward" somewhat imperfectly . Thoy consented to produce all tho actual transactions of the board on that day , bat denied the " Notices " whioh would have proved the meeting to be a packed ono for the purpose of censuring an M . P ., who had dared to speak in his place of their doings , and the resolution to exclude the press from their conclaves in future .
Here then we have au hnperium in impeiio with a vengeance ! A parcel of hired , tramping , scamping vagabonds called Poor Law Commissioners , commit atrocities against the poor , anheasd of in any other country under heaven—and if a Member of Parliament shall , breath a whisper of their doings in his place in Parliament , or venture to . express an opinion that they are not the very pink of Christianity and virtue , these trampiag , scamping , vagabonds call together a , u picked party" of their middle class mate& and tools , and denounce and censure hin&t
they put this forth under the false pretext of fcs . being the resolution of the " Board of Guardian ^ ' *; thoy exclude the press , lest their lying subterfuges should be exposed ; and they are proteoted ia > aU this by the Government of England in the aafciv a measures of it& Premier and Home Secretarjv xf a 0 exert themselves with " shabby" pertinacity to j , . vent their atrocities from being dragged to . Of ht ! Do the people want more argument to sh * w them the impossibility of ever obtaining justiea c r fair play while the system lasts under whioh they things can be done !
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Stockport Chartists tell us that Mr Oovle is to lecture in the large room , tfi % ' iie . but they dont say when . An Elkctor of Maryikbonb w referred to Mr . V C mnors advertisement . John Fenton . —We do not kn « w enough of law to advise him . We have sent nis ietter to Mr % O Connor . Gkobge Bateman . —The Horn Secretary was subpasnaed i and he attended , the subpoena ; but representing ,, through thr Attorney General , that his detained '
being w ui the witnesses for the defence could ^ be call' ed was a serious inconvenience , Mr . O'Conntr ¦ consented to his discharge , on the undertaking of the Attorney-General to produce for the f rosecution a witness named Wueox , from u >) _ , by cross-examination , he could elicit the st > me facts to which he intended to have had ihe evidence of Sir James . A Radical of J . Iont ' s School . —Never mind the prating fool . Thomas Gbksw . o \ -d . — We know nothing about it : perhaps so me of the London Chartists can tell him .
SevERAi Pa Rtie 3 from Leicester write to ask how it istha t M * DouaH and others of the absent defendas t / s were defended at Leicester by Counsel , and that Mr . O'Connor cross-examined the Orf-iuyn witnesses on behalf of Leach , while O . ooper was entirely overlooked ! To this I must say , that I . can give no answer to any such question ; and that it appears to me to have been suggested by a captious spirit . At all events , it is most improperly addressed to me . I know
nothing about the matter . I had no concern tn the appointment of Counsel for the defence ; and all J know of the appropriation of the Defence Fund is that not a shilling of it was appropriated to my defence % or to my use in ( any tooy—Wm . Hill . W . Kmiqhton . ^ Write on one side of your paper only for the future . We had not room for any reports last-week . Dobking Chartists will see that their communication is inserted .
Thomas IbbotsON , of Bradford , would greatly oblige the Chartists of Tyldesly if he would publish his address , as they wish to communicate with him . Will the Secretary of some co operative society be so good as to send a copy of their rules to the Secretary of the Earl Sliilton cooperative society . Our Manchester Correspondent is informed that his second portion of the meeting for Air . Roberts was not received here till Thursday afternoon , — sixteen hours after the former par ( of it had gone to pre » St
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D . Harrower , Jun . —Certainly not ; but you must ¦ not put them on newspapers . The Defence Speeches of Messrs Leach and Bairstow . — " Air . Editor , —A great many of your 'subscribers to the Northern Star are very desirous that the defences of Leach and Bairstow be published at full lengh in your coming number of this week . By so doing , they will feel much ! obliged . I am , on their behalf , -ours most sincerely , W . Horner , sub-Secretary , " Oldham . " — We are sorry to be unable to comply with this request ; simply beciuse we have no reports of the speeches of those gentlemen . In order to ease the Reporter a little , —whose labours in this Mai were ' ' really harrassing to an extent far beyond
the power of most reporters , —an arrangement was made between Mr . Hill and Messrs . Leach , Bairstow , Harney , Beesley , and others , that the speakers should kindly furnish their speeches at the close of their trial , as it was impossible for any one man to take them all at full length , and we were desirous lo give all the defendants speeches entiie . The parties all promised lo supply their speeches , and consequently , the Reporter took no note of them ; but . Mr . Harney and Mr . Beesley were the only parties who did supply them . We regret this much ; as Bairsfow ' s was an excellent speech : Leach's we did not hear . We can readily
conceive that the turmoil of ' " congratulations , " and bustling from place , after the trial , may have preverUed the other parties from having leisure to write them out . We make this statement , therefore , not at all in the way of complaint ; but simply as explanation ; that it may not be supposed that any undue means have been resorted to by us for suppressing these speeches . Had it not been that the parties promised to supply themi use should have had some report of them , less ot more ; as it is , we have none- The omission will be , doubtless , supplied in Mr . O'Connor's report of the whole proceedings , which will be published shortly .
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FOB MRS . ELLIS . £ b . d . From a friend , Sheffield 0 0 6 „ Mr . Hansworth ... 0 9 6 „ Mr . Rodgers 0 » . 6 „ Mr . Bernard 0 0 1 „ Mr . Lancaster 0 1 0 ^ London , per Thomas Farrar 9 10 9
FOR VICTIM FUND . From West Auckland , per Mycroft O « ' „ a few poor persona at O * rasklrk - 0 10 O „ Thotnley Colliery , per GK Brown ... 0 2 4 j „ a few friends in the eaase , per W . C . T 0 10 * „ Wlnj ? ate Colliery , collected by Weddie and Cowina ... 0 12 0 ' „ Ditto , collected by Embleton and Miss Cowins 0 5 T „ Wingate Colliery , raffle for a cradle , presented by George Brown . [ This cradle was won by Mr . J . Borkpuse , who Immediately- presented . it again ; and it is to be raffled for , for the benefit of the Victims ] ... 3 1 8 h
FOR ROBERT PEDZWE . From London , per Thomas Fairer 0 10 0
BOH . MRS . ROBZHTS . From Mr . Hunuworth , Sheffield 0 0 6 _ - Mr- Rogers 0 0 6
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TO T « E EDITOR OF THE . NORTHERN STAB , SiEr-If Feargus O'Connor , yourself , and your coadjutors , who have been unjustly hailed before the judgment-seat , have not ( . which is proven ) been guilty of creating " riots , tumults , and insurrections , to the great terror of her Majesty ' * liege subjects , " it follows , as a matter of course , that the acts of August last must have been concoeted and perpetrated by other parties thaa . the active members of the Chartist body . These being fully exonerated , and . moreover , their conduct baring elicited ex .
pressions of commendation from , not only the presiding Judge , but from the vicarious plaintiff , the Attorney . { General , it wodd be incompatible with every principle of ratiocination to suppose that the disoiples of these no en—those advocates of " Peace , law , and ! order "— should engage in a physical crusade against the lives or property of their fellovrmen . T-de thing is impossible , and its impossibility is evidenced bjvthe Attosney-General ' s tearing up of the bkefc . pages in the '** M © mstbous Indictment ! " '
Sir , I heartily r ejoice at the result of the trial , as by it the innoiont —but once suspected—are not only exculpated—but t because has received an increased impetus—jits lusu .-e is more visible , and we may now joyfully autidpa te a complete and permanent triumph ever the h- Jsts of despotism . But , Sir , who planned the outbreaks ? Who incited the credulous i md unreflecting to acts of violence 1 Who dro | ye tho worries from their avocatian and looked up their hells } The country have a shrewed guesa ; and tho thin-skinnedaess of Cobden and Co ., on the maUe ; , serves to strengthen the guess , if proof was rto uired .
Surely bur / . riend Duncomia , and those aantlemen in the House , who have given us a specimen of their love of just ice , will not oaly keep the inquiry in motion , b ^ t the eountry will suppor t their exertions by loudly 'demanding a fall investigation into the affair ., to iJ ie eui that justice may find the delinquents iu t iieir proper place—not lurking io the dark , but' at her own tribunal . Yours , truly , : Wiljjam Rideb . Heeds ' March 16 th , 1843 .
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W ANCHESTER . —Money received by Thomas l > a ies , [ for the General Defence Fund : — £ b . d . An Old General " 0 0 6 A few fine spinners , near Great Ancoats-strect 10 0 Piltmgton ° 10 ° Two friends 0 2 0 Ditto : - 0 1 0
D . W 0 0 ' 6 A few friends from Marple 0 10 0 James Allen 0 2 0 George Exley . 076 John Hilton 0 16 Newsyenders of Manchester ... ... 1 10 3 Winsier , Derbyshire , per James Jackson 0 3 0 Browhhill and friendB ... 0 3 y Timothy Booth 0 1 0 Joseph Ogden 0 1 0 Isaac ! Wilson 0 10 JohnSmtou 0 0 6
Chanes Horton 0 0 6 Fred . jOgden 0 10 By a tailor .. 006 JohnlBurgess , HoIIins Green ... 0 5 0 Tboe . B-ankm 0 0 6 A friend 0 0 6 Richard Greenwood 0 0 6 Frederick Groves 0 0 6 Daniel Flinn . 006 A . Tweedie ... .. 006 NewZialand 0 10 Thomas Heamea 0 0 6 Martha Brown 0 0 6 JohniKerwin 0 0 6 A Foe to Tyranny 0 0 6
W . Ci 0 0 6 William Groeoott 0 10 Carpenter ' s Hall . —Two lectures were delivered in the above Hall , on Sunday last , in the afternoon and evening , by Mr . Peter Rigby , from Chorley . The leoturos were well attended . OLDHAM , —On Sunday last , Mr . T . Clark delivered a spirit * d address in the Chartist Room of this place . The audience listened with great attention till ; the conclusion of the lecture , although it was almost suffocating , numbers haviDg to go away who could not gain admittance . On Tuesday , Mr . Peter R-igby lectured in the same place ; his lecture Save general satisfaction .
Maltpn . —Mr . Brown visited this town , on Saturday last , and oa Sunday he gave two excellent discourses on practical Christianity ; and although the notice was short and the weather unfavourable ; he had a good attendance and was well received . For the future all lecturers must give five clear days ' notice , or otherwise they will not be supported . X . ONDON . —Cabyehs and Gilders , Bailey ' s CofpbeI House , Nbvt Compton-Stbbbt , Seven DiALS .-j-Mr . Wheeler lectured here on Monday evening ; to a respectable audience . The chair was ably occupied by Mr . Hutohins . After the lecture , a discussion took place on the subject of the Corn JbawB , in which a veteran Corn Law Repealer , Messrs . ) Wheeler , Alexander , and other individuals took part . A library has been established in connection iwitb this locality , and it bids faiiato become a powerful accession to the Chartist bodypT
Mb . Ruppy Ridlet lectured oh Sunday evening i ? « ??!? ^ a ' <» T . «* the Working Man ' s Hall , Mile Ead Road , and was loudly applauded . Mr . Knight lectured on Monday evening to the Chartists meeting at the Flora Tavern , Barnsbury 1 , . V ?? UThe Slavery Practised by the Millocrate an j Mine Owners of this country on Men , Women , and Children . " The lecture elicited great appro-Ma . Bolwell lectured on Sunday evening , at the Mechanics institution , Circus-street , New Road , l ne audience was numerous and enthusiastic .
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Chabtist Hall , 1 , China Walk , Lambeth . — At a meeting of members in this locality , it was agreed to adopt the remonstrance , to send 6 s . to the Viotim Defence Fund , and meet next Tuesday to consider the subject of exclusive dealing , as the most speedy , agreeable , and certain means of causing the Charter to become tho law of the land . One new member was enrolled . BIRMINGHAM . —White ' s Defkwce . —A pnblia meeting , called , by placard , was held in the saloon of the Mechanics' Institute , Great Charles-street on Tuesday evening last , at seven o ' clock . At the time appointed for commencing business , Mr Thomas Reece was unanimously called to the chair * The Chairman opened the business by reading the placard , and the address published by Mr . White ' s
Committee , and introduced Mr . Wm . Smith Linden , to move the first resolution . Mr . Lindon , in a neat and effective address , in which he dwelt on fcheunjust measures adopted by the Government respecting the Chartist trials , alluded to the necessity of pro ? curing means to send the necessary witnesses to Warwick to rebut the evidence brought against Mr White . He then moved th 9 following resolution : ~ 1 . " That as the misery-which now exists ia this country results from irresponsible Government , and as it is clear that there is no hope of amendment until an effectual change is established , this meeting therefore , resolves to continue the present struggle for liberty , and pledges itself to support the advocates of justice and equal laws , until the People ' s Charter
the only hope of the suffering millions , becomes the law of these realms . " Mr . Walter Thome seconded the resolution . Mr . George White was then called on , and addressed the meeting at great length . He explained his views of the Charter , and stated hia determination to end as he had begun , by standing with his own class , as a whole-hog Chartist . Hjj dwelt at some length on the rottenness of the Whig Corporation of Birmingham , and after referring to his forthcoming trial , retired amidst loud cheers . The Chairman then pnt the resolution , which was carried unanimously . Mr . E . P . Mead proposed the second resolution and passed a high eulogium on Mr . White's conduct . The resolution was as follows : — " That as the case of Mr . George White is inseparably connected with the town of Birmingham / we deem it to be onr datj to exert ourselres to the utmost of
our ability , in order to enable him to convey the necessary wit * nesses to Warwick at the ensuing assizes . " Mr , John Mason arose to support the resolution , and was received with loud cheers . He delivered an elegant and spirited address , in his usual fervid style , and laid bare the corrupt system which pro . duces so much misery in society , and called on them to do their duty on that occasion . He was loudly cheered throughout his address . , The resolution was then put and unanimously agreed to . Oa the motion of Mr . John Follows , a vote of thanks and " three cheers were given to the Chairman for hia praiseworthy conduct . Three cheers were given foi Feargus O'Connor , and three for George White . A number of persons afterwards enrolled their names in the Chartist Association , and the meeting separated .
Aston-stbeet Meetijng . —Mr . E . P . Mead d& livered a lecture in Aston-street Room , to an attentive audience , on Sunday evening last , Mr . Ifoonias Bates in the chair . The lecture gave general satisfaction . IiEEOS . —Mr . Rebert Peddle , whose past suffering * , during his three years' confinement in Beverley Hell , are too well known to require enumeration , is oace mon restored to liberty . Upon his enlargement he hnma diately resumed his labours as an agitator , halving deli * vered lectures on Chartism in Hull , Bradford , a&d Leeds . In theiatter place be on Saturday evemsg hit , gave a detailed account of bis past sufferings daring ths long confinement in 3 &veriey prison . In the course of the lecture he adverted to the nature of the evidence
brought against him , proving from a number of letten and other documenta ^ hat every witness employed for the purpose of ensuring bis conviction was perjured io the extreme ; he moreover intimated his intentiono { bringing the guilty parties before a fitting tribunal en i charge of gross and wilful perjury , and from th& positin nature of the evidence which he advanced in support of bis allegations , he mnst finally triumph- over to cruel and inhuman fees . Of the evidence and otbn matters , connected with his conviction , it is not re-( jjiisite now to speak , as be intends to lay the entire facts of the case before the public , through the median of a circular , and , as it will contain ( in addition to tte particulars of the trial ) a faithful description of the treatment of political offenders , such as hebinself
experienced at toe hands of the authorites ; It Ban prove a valuable auxiliary to the cause of democracy , in every locality , when M { . Peddie ' a Baiferings tava been enumerated . The statements made by Mr . Peddk relative to the treatment of prisoners , a&d the severity of prison discipline ; are of such a nature , as to merit immediate investigation . In vain do our rulers boast of civiliz ttion , and the blessings of Christian charily , if cruelties like ths&j are to betelerated in the heart of a Christian land : not even the ifebled honoj . 'j of the ancient Inquisition , with ail its appe udage 8 of gloomy horror , can outweigh the t& . fined cruelties- of the present time . Ratta and tortures , chains and dungeons , the fiie-and the fagf ^ otthese are said to have been used , whan mental da * jfcneas
enveloped society ; bat the present system , though diversified in character , is nevertheless as pr . Inful in cruelty . The tread-mill breaks up the physic ^ cons titution as effectually as the rack— -the silent ^ u ^ jn engender madness—hunger and wzetehedn- ^ ui in > sure death as effectually as though adminl jtered at the hands of the executioner . This Mr . P . c * , early demonstrated ; he- moreover adverted to the ¦ conduct of tba magistrates , who . after his conraction , ¦ refused to all » w him the right of petition , although h' > had ample evidence to prove bis innocence o ! the charge for which he stood condemned , and he-vas Vaug cruelly denied the means of petitioning , although . justly and legally entitled to the same ; but oJ thea a things the public
will hear taore anon . Theta is r / nfc one way of crushing tho power of persecution , a a $ that 1 b by avoiding secreey , as onr worst and grea teat foe . Spies and informers , intriguers and politic *] assassins , may attempt to impede the onward process of democracy ; but unity , watchfulness , asd pe / severance , will enable m ta survive them all . Mr . Peddie informi me that the Chartists of Bradford are about to get up a petition praying Parliament to in rtitute an inquiry touching the conduct of those parties ytho witheld from Mr . P . the means of proving hia ' jinocence , by refusing him the right of petition . D . Ross . —On Monday , Mr . Peddia gave a similar statement at Hull , to a crowded meeting , at the Freemasons' Hall .
Arm let . —On Ivlenday , the 13 th of March , Mr < Uoss , of Manchester , gave an interesting lecture on tbe fallacies of the Corn Law humbug , and the benefit ! arising from thy People ' s Charter , which was listened to with great attention , and gave great satisfaction . SHEFFIELD . —The Chaetist Triumph . —Sath must be the reading of the late " Chartist Trial " for the future , for triumph , and a glorious triumph too , that trial has proved . On Monday evening a crowded meeting was held in the Fig-tree-lane Room , tb heu from Mr . Harney an address on hia return from laneuter . Mr . Briggs was called to the chair . Mr . Horsey delivered a lengthy address descriptive of the late trial , in the course of which be highly lauded the conduct d Mr . Baron Bolfeat the same time paying a just trttmta
, of admiration to Mr . O'Connor for hia unmatthabto services , and to all the rest of hia brother defendant far their unflinching patriotism . Mr . Harney cpndooed by moving the adoption of the following-resolution :-" That this meeting , while upon a former occasion « strongly condemned Lord Abinger for hia psrtfe « Mo disgraceful conduct at the Liverpool and Cheater 5 peo » Commissions , deem it their duty to express their ttW ' ration of the impartial and just conduct of Bu <» Rolfe at the late trial at Lancaster , and this meeMg expresses its hope that the noble example set W that Judge will be imitated by all who oceaw the judicial bench . " Mr . Parkes seconded t&e » solution , which was unanimously agreed ** "' ti ; - ii uiTjr * j — ¦ i n i ¦ ****** -t i hti-t j O — # 11 rf
Harney moved , seconded by Mr . Parkes , thejwio ^ ing resolution , which was also unanimously carnw - " " Tflat the thanks of this meeting are due ,, »» *» hereby given , to Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., for nis . f " did defence of the principles of Chartism and his onequalied labours in behalf of his brother defendant daring the late trial ; at the same time , t&ia « " •?'"? expresses its thanks to W . P . Roberts , Esq ., for ! j " ~ l wearied exertions in behalf of our persecuted bretlJj ™\ Mr . Royton considered that there were other psno ™ who deserved the thanks of the meeting , and none mora so than Mr . Harney and Mr . Parkes , who bad mW done their duty and manfully defended the P ^ 'Pf ! of the Chatter : he therefore moved , "That the W ™* of thin mnAtinir h « « riv « n tn M » . Tnlian Harney anO « "
Samuel Parkes for their honest , patriotie , ^ ™ r-ageooa conduct aa defendants In the late toiaL * resolution was unanimously adopted . Thanks then voted to the chairman , and the meeting d usoiTw ABERDEEN—On Monday evening week , »*• John Prazer lectured in the Hall , 38 , George-sjreeh Bubjeot , " Industry the only true source of dm *™* prosperity and happiness ; and on Monday lash i Henery lectured on the " Progress of DemocrMJ . both lecturers acquitted themselves highly »•" satisfaction of the audience , and it is but * fx 0 JR tice to say , that , each of them , displayed » a ^ P ^ of thought and research , very seldom to oe « with .
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KNARESBOROTJGH .-A pnbh ' c m # * ° * was held on the 15 th instant , to adopt a W " ^ to Parliament on machinery , something simu » the one sent from Leeds- We hop © this qttflSW « will become general throughout all * he m * ° wa turing districts , where the h&nd-loom weaver ^» % suffered so much from its effects . The petition w be presented to the House by Mr . Ftrrand / an Jl Tef Dunoombe will be requested to support tne p ™^ of the same . A vote of thanks was ^ "Jr . ^ Dunoombe for his sterling advocacy w * T / t of cause , and likewise for bringing the w ° T ji ' j Lord Abinger before the public . Mr . Marsfl *^ letter on the subject of the allotment system ^ read , and the subject will be taken up among fi middle and working classes at no distant peri «« i we intend to have a public meeting and ge * ^ , memorial to the heads of the . town and we » owners in particular .
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4 THE NORTHERN STAR . _ ^^
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Stockport—On Sunday evening last , Mr . John AUinson lectured to a large and respectable audience . He gate a lengthened account of the Chartist triumph at Lancaster . At the conclusion , the thanks and confidence of the meeting was awarded him .
Ventxor , Isle op Wight . —Mr . R . G . Gammage lectured on the cause of National Distress and the People ' s Charter as the remedy , on Thursday the 9 r -h instant , and on Monday the 13 th ; both lectures were numerously attended and the lecturer was listened to with profound attention .
The Northektf Star. Saturday, March 18, 1843.
THE NORTHEKtf STAR . SATURDAY , MARCH 18 , 1843 .
Co Afteatw Aim ®*Kvtft$# Nuentjs
Co afteatw aim ®* Kvtft $# nuentjs
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? James Sinclair . —Yes . Wm . Cpttle . —Sevenpenca each . StMEOR—The first parcel was sent before the letter arrived . ! Robert Waring . —On the 19 th of April aad about every six weeks ; but the time varies a little .
The Strike.
THE STRIKE .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 18, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct794/page/4/
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