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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, MAY 13, 1843.
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TO F. O'CONNOR, ESQ.
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2To iftcatrerg antr ®QVM$$QVtoent&
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?£ocaT anU (Sfeneral EntenCgpncft
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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T HIS DAY IS PUBLISHED , Price Sixpence , bound in Cloth , and may be had of Joshua Hobsou , Northern Star Office ; John Cleave , 1 , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , London ; Abel Hey wood , Man-Chester ; Paton & . Love , Glasgow ; and all Booksellers , — HYMNS FOR WORSHIP ; Without Sectarianism ; adapted to the Present State of the Church : with a Text of Scripture for Each Hymn . No Chartist Association should be without these Books for the conducting of their Sunday Meetings They breathe the pure spirit of genuine , practical Christianity—pur * Political Truth , without an atom of theological , sectarian dogmatism .
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TO THB CHARTISTS OF SCOTLAND . BiOTBKiS , —An address headed as above appeared In the Star ofjtbe Stffa April , bearing tne signatures of Messrs . Tboma * Anoot and Wi- Brown ^ bairman ar , d Secretary to the Chartists of Glasgow , woich addv «« , in our optaion , goes far to destroy U » rf » ract * r of the Chartists of ttts place ; nay , if tha chafes in it be true , « ught to be reprobated by every beoest man- It Is therein aetforU ^ t theCfcartistsorereenock . or rather a few of them , have taken advants « e of an address pat forth by the Ourtiftji of Gla « ge"w , to thetffect , that they bad engafed aorapany te ^ isit the di fferent loca-Bties for tie pcpne of representing the tnal of Robert Emmet , sadHfcerebv railing a fund to pay off the debt dne by the C&artists of Scotland to Mr George Rou ; li&t these iudiridnaU have-done so without the authority of the Chartists of Qremock ; that they haTe done it for the express purpose of ailing their own coffers ; and thai nooe or the proceeds have been paid into the Association funds . Tnese are the charges . Now
tow sands the ease ? The facts are these . The Universal Suffrage Association of Greenock , in their anxiety to forward , the good cause , contacted a debt of £ 15 . At a meeting held in iDsceaba , 1843 , it ni resolved to adopt some means to have ttiia debt pad off ; accordingly it -was agreed to give » representation of the above named noble patriot's trial , In the p- » h of our Mechanic ' s Institution , on Tuesday the 3 rd of January , 1843 ; considerable debt wi * contracted tor dresses and room , and the proceeds barely eovwed them ; so that out own fund * remained srocb as they were . The Greenuck men , at
the request of < rar brethren in the Tale of Leven , vent over sad performed the trial for two nighta , — not to assist oar own funds , but to assut the friends in that locality in raising funds to build a halL At the re ^ uert of « er brethren in Glasgow they peifonued it for two nighta in Cooks * Circus , to crowded houses , and £ 79 -was drawn—no * for dut funds , but . to assist in paying of debt due to Mr . Ross . Having done so such for on friends in other places , the Committee W € T- of opisktn that an effort should be made for ourselves . Accordingly a place was secured in Paisley , and also in Johnston * : and the trial was given in each ;
aod after defraying all expeoces ( and we can assure you the charges made by the men performing the piece were very email ) £ 1 8 s . was paid into the hands of our treasurer ; 18 a . we expect from Johnstone ; making in all £ 2 . «« . "W ; tfcoat eosraent , brethren , we leave the charges and the facts in your hands , knowing that you will judge impartially .
Signed in the name cf the Committee , Pbter Campbell , Treasurer . SI , High Yennell , Greenock , 8 th May , 1843 .
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HOUSE OF LORDS— Fkidat ., Mat 5 . > 'o iuaineas of Importance . Mohdat , Mat 8 . The Sails of Claae > don and Rai » ob presented several petition tor a total repeal of the Corn Laws . Lord RODS * and Lord Glesgall presented petitions on the jirrwul sjstsp of Poor Laws in Ireland , deprecating the agitation raised against it . The Marqsis cf CH 5 B . icab . ds moved for a Select Committee of inquiry respecting the operation of the Irish Poor Lav Act Tbe Duke of WsiilSGTOS opposed the motion , on the ground that the bQl bad received mature consideration when introduced , aad that there -was a bill in the Commons for amending the AcL
The Marquis of Clakicabde withdrew his motion , ob an understanding from the Duke of Wellington that when the bill wat ap fross the Commons , if a motion should be mad * to refer it to a Select Committee , he would lfltYB the siiilrii to the sense of the House . Adjoined at nine o ' clock .
Totsdat , Mat 9 . The Earl of Eodoc called attention to the condition of Ireland , consequent on the agitation for the Repeal of the Union , which was producing great mischief , except is the province of Ulster , where the people irere still sound and loyal , and ready to do is 1843 what they had so effectually done is 3798 . The Duke of Wxllisgton said that the Irish Governmeat were tiive to tbe importance of the matter , and were aided by the supreme Government in the precautions which , they vf ere taking to ensure the public peace m Ireland . The Government were detenaicea to aaaintain inviolate the integrity of tbe empire , and he was sore thai Parliament would aid them in so doing .
Lord Bbodgham said that a Beveran . ce of the Legi-lative Union would be , in fact , » disruption of the empire , to prevent which this country would pot forth its whole strength , moral and physical , on tbe first intimation ot its necessity , The Marquifl of LAHSDOvrus , said that the Government might rely with eonfidenee upon the efforts of the House , in maintenance of the integrity of the empire . The Marquis of Dowjiehixe said that it was highly requisite that attention should be directed to the present excited state of the people of Ireland , apon thia question-Lord Casipbkll presented a petition , which a ? ain brought the Seoteh Chnreh qnesrion under dL-cassion ; and the Marquis of Breai ? alba ?« e aaked Lord AstBDEsnhow . the Government intended to deal with the subject !
Lord Abckdsxh said he had before stated the eonrse which the Government would pursue , but he h&d no objection to repeat { it . He should be very glad if he could prevent the disruption of the Church of Scotland , which it was said would follow the secession of some of its ablest minister-. After a short conversation , in which the Doke of Argyie , Lord Brougham , and Lord Campbell joined , the petition was laid bdob the table , and their lordships adjourned .
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HOUSE OP COMMONS . —Fkidat , Mat 5 . Mr . Lakx Fox , in reply to Mr . Smith O'Brien , said , as te perceived fey the newspapers that Mr . O Connell had declared he would not attend tbe discussion of his motion respecting agitation for the Repeal of tbe T ^ iod , he would sot bring it on in his absence ,- but that he would address him a public letter in order to let kirn know what be aea * t to da On the action for going into committee of tbe ¦ whole House , on the endowment of oddiuonal ministers in populous places , Mr . Hukb asked if it would involve a grant of public money ? Sir R . Pxn replied that it would not . The House then west into committee , and
Sir K . Fkbl proceeded to state the grounds on which he felt it necessary to call the attention tf the House to the subject . Seme progress had been Biade is order to remedy the admitted evils arising from tbe popuKtion outrunning the means of public instruction and pastoral care . Bat the existing deficiency vr&s ttill great and undeniable . How was it to be supplied ? The Government had come te the conclusion th&t accruing ecclesiastical revennes should for the present be maJe applicable to the purpose ; and if these should prove insufficient , that then it would be their duty to apply to Parliament for additional aid . Great practical benfcat fead resulted from the labours of the Bsctesiastical Commission appointed in 1834 , during the short period th&t he was at the bead of the administration at that
time . The commission bad directed their attention to scouting tbe unequal division of tie diocesta and labours of the bishops , and to the rejection of the nuicbeiB of cathedral establishments ; and as Parliament had given effect to their recommendations , there was now accruing an " ¦» " »> sum of £ 125 , 000 cut cf the rfcvtnoes of the suppressed canonries , which was app »« ble to the segmentation of small livings asd to nuking provision for spiritual destitution . The present annual amount appropriated to that purpose by the Commiasionen was . £ 32 , 000 ; but it was calculated that in a few years there would be a great increase is the annual amount of the revesnes which ¦ were available to the Ecclesiastical CcninjiaiioEers . He , therefore , proposed to anticipate this accruing
income , to pssvide for tbe present spirit nil destitution of the people ; and he gave the details of a scheme by which he proposed to effect it . The Governors of Queen Anne ' s bounty had at this moment a capital stock standing in their names to the amount of £ l , 20 i , 0 M , the interest of which is applicable to specific purposes . Of this he proposed to borrow £ 600 , 000 to be secured on the future accruing revenues of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners ; and this borrowed stock is to be applied , in annual amounts of £ 30 , oo , to tbe bamfHiiatf segmentation of the means of spiritaal instmtlon . He explained the particulars of the plan fs * the repapsent , by which he calculated that in lWOtke Bodesiastieal Commissioners will have an annaa ! asMta * W ^ ps » vid « of £ S 0000 for which it
, , is expected that tttey will have by that time smple means , arisiaf Jrom accruing revenues . The borrowed sum , in animal asaouts of £ 30 , 000 , is intended to be ' applied , art to the bailding of eburcbes , but to the i endowmes * * t ssfaistas , and to be connected with the > aid of local sabscdptioa * . Great Went hat already i ressltes ! fross Tt > l « atary subscriptions , for building I ctarchss ; sadaothiag cotld mere conduce to tkepro- motion of thess chsaca bsdlding subscriptions , than by providis « f « e tbs rndswiul of ministers , fie hoped i Oat in these ««* o » ¦ Milscare would be taken to assign raeh sjinjsts * a given district ; though he did not think that the endowment of the minister should wait on
the oonstmcttosi of the ohareh . He would rather first place a salnister U a destitute district , cosfi- dent that tbe cceetieB of a church would speedily follow the success of his labours . Looking t&ifce d ^ stitnte condmoa cf tbe population , he felt the cr ^ at importance of tw ^»«< i * tA acti on ; and seeing th&t be did rot ask for a grant of public money , he brped ice House would unanimously agree to tbe proposed scheme . Not but that he should like to get a grant of public money for tbe purpose ; but he was acxious fer unanimity , sad he was satisfied that i 7 tie pr ^ poseJ application of eccksiastacsl revenues , great encouraf emtnt "would be given , not only te the endowment of
xnicMers , but to tiie buildiDg cf caurehes , the s-. atis- ti . e evils arising from tris agitation ; and I can assure iicfi ot which exhibited ; a wuaderfuJ icctase , i-ritg L ; ai ttat there is no ii-ria ^ ce , no power , no ^ authority
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late years , in the religious liberality of possessors of ! pvoperty attached to tbe establishment He concluded ' with proposing s resolution on which to found a motion - for leave to bring in a bill in order to carry out the plan ; of endowment . : Sir R . H . IngBs , Lord D&nganson , Captain Bemal , i Mr . Colquhoun , Lord John Russell , Mr . Hume , Mr . : Pakington , Mr . Gisborne , Mr . Plumptre , Mr . Borthwick , Lord Ssndon , Mr . Campbell , Mr . Herbert Corteis , Lord John Manners , Mr . Adand , and Mr . Br » - therton , took place in the debate , after which the resolution was agreed to , and the House having resumed with tbe Speaker hi the chair , leave was given to bring in a bill founded on it . The remaining business was then gone through , including the introduction of a bill , by Sir James Graham , to regulate the Milbank Penitentiary , and tbe House adjourned .
MONDAY , Mat 8 . The Speaker informed the House that the securities for the prosecution of the Nottingham petition against the last election were unexceptionable-NameroaB peti'ions were presented against the Factories Education Bill . Mr . Roebcck gare notice that at an early opportunity he would call the attention of the House to the occupation of Scinde . In answer to a question from Mr . French , Lord Eliot said that the reports as to certain gentlemen having been dismissed from the Commission of the Peace for taking part in repeal meetings , were without foundation . The Cha > cellob of the Exchequer brought on the budget , to which we have referred in a separate article . The House adjourned at half-past eleven .
TUESDAY , Mat 9 . Amongst tbe private and preliminary business , there was a strong muster , and a somewhat lively debate on the Northampton and Peterborough Railway Bill Lord Jotcelyn nut a question similar to the one put by his father , the Earl of Rod en , in the House of Lords , respecting the agitation for the repeal of the Union . Sir Robert Peel quoted from the parliamentary
proceedings of 1834 , respecting the necessity and importance of the preservation of the legislative union , and declared that on the part of her Majesty he was empowered to reecho the sentiments then expressed both by the Sovereign and jointly by the Legislature . The Government were alive to the necessity of preserving the peace of Ireland ; and though reluctant to ask for additional powers , they would not , for a moment , shrink from doing so , if it should prove to be necessary , in order to put down attempts to procure the dismemberment of the
empire . Sir Robert Peel spoke with considerable animation , and be was loudly cheered by a full and excited House . The Speakeb called on Mr . Vn . LiEBs to proceed with his motion on the Corn 1 * wb which was tbe signal for the presentation of a great number of petitions on the subject . Mr . Vjllieks then roae to move " That this House will resolve itself into a committee , for the purpose of considering tbe duties affecting the importation of foreign corn , with a view to their immediate abolition . " Mr- ViLUKRs Stdabt seconded the . ttotion ,
Mr . Guidstom : declared the determination of the Government not to leave any donbt as to their intentions . The proposed Canadian corn bill was not an amendment of the Corn-law ; it was but a part of the measures which had been planned last year , and remained to be completed . It was true that the Corn-law , like every commercial law , partook of the nature of an experiment , bat it also partook of the nature of a contract , and it would be a breach of faith to entertain a proposition for its repeal , before it had received anything like a fair trial . Mr . Christopher and Mr . Roebuck took part in the debate , which was then adjourned '
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THE TUG OF WAR . O'CONNELL , THE DUKE , AND THE REPEAL . So ! so ! The game thickens . The earnestness of faction becomes apparent ; and its seeming greatness waxes bold . Every new circumstance tends to justify the people ' s policy in hurling from the seat of power the half-halting timorous and perfidious Whigs , and in narrowing the field of action and the chance of battle by a concentration of the powers of the enemy . The great advantage of it is that it will bring on the pitched battle . It will " pit" the force of tyranny against the power of an enlightened , peaceful , bat determined people . There is a temerity—a sort of manliness of front and bearing—in the Tories
which shews better " where to have them . " They are an open foe , aiid they avow it fairly and " come oi * t , " There is no shrinking , nor "blinking tbe matter" with them . Tney " take the ball" fairly "by the horns "; and thus bring to issue the question between right and might . Did we fear the is 3 ue , or did we think the people unprepared to " bide " it , we might wish the temporizers were a ^ ain w at home " . We do not . We think the power of public opinion all-sufficient to check rampant faction in its fiercest onslaught ; and we hear therefore without fear the " rattle" which gives presage of the long deferred attack . The war is now to become general . The policy of skirmishing with ChartiBts only is to be abandoned . They have gathered so much strength
from every new attack that despotism finds out the necessity of "looking sharply round" , and the Tories are about to take the Btep which their friends of the late Ministry would have been glad to do but dare not . They are about to take strong measures against Mr . O'Co . vnell and the Repeal Agitation in Ireland . In both " Houses" the note of preparation" has been sounded at tbe same time . In the House of Lords Earl Rodejt brought the Duke upon his legs by asking what the Government intended with reference to the Repeal Agitation . He reminded him of former pledges from himself and Peel : of their avowed determination to suppress it even at the expence of a resort to force" and of " dying the scaffold and the plains of Ireland with
blood '; and he required the Government to say , positively , whether they were now disposed to carry out these threats . We give the Duke ' s answer , as we find it in the Time * : — " My Lords , the Government of Ireland la sensible of the feelings of excitement which exist in certain parts of Ireland on the subject of the Repeal of the Union , and it u also aware of tbe danger which may be the result of that excitement—( hear , bear ) . Tbe attention
of the Government has , my Lords , been given to the state of excitement that prevails , and to the measures which have been adopted in order to keep it up , and the Government of Ireland and Her Majesty's servants here have adopted measures in order to enable tbe Irish Government with certainty to preserve the peace of that country in case any attempt shall be made to disturb it , and to prevent the success cf any measures which any mischievous persons in Ireland may have in contemplation for the purpose of disturbing the
peace . " There can be no doubt , my Lards , of the determination of the Legislature and of the Government to maintain inviolate tbe union between tbe two portions of the United Kingdom ; and there can be " no doubt , also , as to the duty of Her Majesty ' s Government to act accordingly— ( hear , hear ; . It is tbe determination of Her Majesty ' s Government to maintain that union , and to come down to Parliament and ( 0 call on Parliament U give to Her Majesty ' s Government its support in carrying into executioa any measures that may be necessary in order to —i * -r * fr tbe union , and to piosette from disturbance tbe peace of Her Majesty ' s dominions—( cheers ) . "
i ! j '¦ ! ¦ I " My Lords , this is the opinion of Her Majestyl 1 Government at the present moswat , aad upon this I opinien , and in full confidence of receiving tbe sup-; port of Parliament , Her Majesty *! Government will I invariably act —( cheers ) . A similar application from Lord Jocklt * , in tbe House of Commons , brought from Sir Rosssr Pwx a still stronger expression of determination to put dowa the Repeal movement . Sir Robert is reported to have eaid : —
" I have to state , for the information of my Noble Fnend and of the House , that her M 8 jest >* s Governmtnt , both in England and Ireland , are fully alive to
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which the law gives to the Government whieh shall not be used to maintain that union , the repeal of which would not only be the repeal of an act of Parliament , but a dismemberment of this great empire . —( Reiterated cheers . ) Of this I am confident , that the executive Government loses nathlng in moral and legal strength by confiding as long as possible in the ordinary powers which the law and the constitution give them . I am unwilling , without urgent necessity , to disparage the ordinary law by asking for increased enactments—( hear , hear ) , but I do not hesitate to say that if necessity sheuld arise her Majesty ' s Government will at once apply to Parliament for those additional and effectual powers which will enable them to avert the mighty evils which must accrue , not only to England but to Ireland , from any attempt to dissolve the existing union . ( Much cheering . ) I here subscribe to and
repeat the declarations made in this place on a former occasion by Lord Althorp , —that , deprecating all war , and specially deprecating civil war , there is nevertheless no alternative which I should not consider preferable to the dismemberment of this great empire . ( Enthusiastic cheering from the ministerial side . ) But I hope , Sir , that our forbearance will net be misconstrued ; I trust we shall only obtain additional strength by deferring our call for new powers until more urgent necessity shall arise , and meanwhile 1 hope I have given proof that we Bhall not fail to ask those pewers if it shall be found necessary to demand them in order to fulfil the desire expressed by Parliament in tbe year 1834 . ( Much applause . ) Sir , I have only further to thank the Noble Lord for the opportunity he bas afforded me of making this public declaration on the part of Her Majesty ' s advisers . "
Here , then , are avowals which leave no doubt as to the course which has been determined on . w , war to the knife , against Repeal" is to be the watchword of the day ; and the struggle against the rising spirit of liberty is to be shifted from the English to the Irish shore . The full phial of oppression , and the full measure of iniquity , are now to be served up to Ireland , and she is to be " coerced" in earnest . Not merely are her green fields and her fertile valleys to be made , as usual , the theatre of rapine recognised by law and the scenes of destitution the result of crime ;—not the crime of the destitute , but of those who made him destitute ;—not merely are the wonted and accustomed acts of outrage to be re-perpetrated , and , if possible , perpetuated , but the very tongue of murmur must be silenced , and the badge of slavery be accompanied by its proper counterpart , " the trag " 2
What says Ireland to the prospect of the gifts in store for her ! What says Ireland ' s mouthpiece , Mr . O'Conxell ? We hare seenjthe fiat of Government ; the " declaration of war" from Sir Robert and " the Iron Duke" ; let us see how O'Conmell is prepared to meet it . Let as have his own account of his own position , and his own strength . He seems not to be unaware of the nature of the coming conflict , and be appears to contemplate with confidence its coming . At a great 4 *? Repeal Demonstration" held a few days ago at Sligo he reviewed his strength in terms which , though somewhat long , we hero place before oar readers , that they may fairly view the battle field and the belligerents . O'Connell is reported to have B * id : —
' It was a majestic sight to see so many thousands of human beings congregated together in the purest highest , and noblest cause that ever yot animated human patriotism . ( Cheers . ) Their country was a province ; she should be a nation . ( Cheering . ) The iron band of despotism had been upon her . The starless night of desolation had ruled her destiny for centuries , but the day was coming , tbe hour was approaching , the time was at hand wben her sons would lift their voices to heaven , and cruel man would be forced to yield U the necessity of succumbing to the wishes of a virtuous and a noble nation . ( Loudcheers . ) What they were looking for was plainly their rightthe right of all human beings to self government .
What they required was , that Ireland should have Irishmen , and that Irishmen should have Ireland . They would let tbe English have England , the Scotch have Scotland , tbe French have France , but they should insist on tbe Irish having Ireland . ( Great cheers . ) For the last seven hundred years Ireland had been governed by anything but by her own sons ; but the Irish bad at length grown too many ; they had grown too wise , they had grown too temperate , th « y bad grown too peaceably determined , not to succeed in restoring their country to her national importance ( Cheers . ) * * We must be a nation . ( E . thusiaatic applause . ) Ireland cannot continue to be a province . ( Renewed cheers . ) The waves of tbe Atlantic
may , by possibility , career over her hills and mountains , but nothing save tbe eternal flood of the mighty ocean can quench the flame of the majestic bosom that lights , invigorates , and warms In the sacred cause uf national independence . ( Great cheering . ) Nothing but the extinction of tbe nation can extinguish the demand—nothing but tbe annihilation of all her people can retard the success of our movement . Somebody says that we will not succeed , and that I era merely always going about from place to place . But what are tbe elements of success ? Is not agitation tbe price necessarily paid for liberty , and is not our agitation confessedly within the bounds of peace , law , and tbe constitution ( bear , hear )? I am not to succeed ,
forsooth ! Answer that question ye 200 , 000 men *» f Ulster that I addressed at CarrickmacroBs—answer that question ye 120 . 000 men of Meath that I addressed at Kelts , you whose shouts still echo in my ears , and mock the assertion—answer that ye 150 . 000 men >» ho met me tbe other day in procession at Limerick , where you conducted yourselves in decency , and good order , and good temper , only equalled by what I have witnessed on this day—answer me that question ye countless thousands that I will meet on Sunday next at the Carragh of Kildare . Answer me that ye myriads who will meet me on Sunday week next at Mulllngar . Answer me that question ye more than half a million of persons who will meet ma at the latter end of this month at Cork
( hear , hear ) . Answer me that question ye fifty thousand men who will meet me in Longford . Answer me that question ye men of Drogheda where I am also going—you who are bound by every tie that memory can conjure up , not to forget the crimes committed against your ancestors during tbe three days ' slaughter sanctified by that monster Cromwell , who called it a great mercy of God ( bear , hear ) . Answer me that question ye shades of my departed countrymen , who for 700 years bad government but no constitutionwho for 700 years suffered tbe bitter pangs of slavery—you who suffered all the horrors of oppression , where everything was given to tbe stranger , and where you were left to be hewers of wood and drawers of water in tbe land of your birth—the slaves
of a foreign invasion . Ton shall have it no more ! ( The entire company here stood up , and continued cheering for several moments . ) No ; the hour is past The morning star beams on the verge of the horizonthe star of light and liberty that will soon enlighten our hemisphere—that invigorates as well as warms—that cheers as well as enlightens every human being in tbe land . No—Irishmen must have Ireland—( tremendous cheering ) . That is my only proposition ; but bow am I te get it ! By organization , organisation , organisation 1 ( cheers ) . Tour cheer , and the ready response with which you replied to the phrase that my heart dictated and my tongue but feebly pourtrayed delights me . That cheering speaks of your sincerity , but will it also speak of your perseverance—( cries of " it will ") { Oh ! I have those with me whose conduct teaches tbe Irish heart I
have with me the poor man ' s only friend . I have those wh « never desert , in sickness or in sorrow , the lambs of the fold—the chosen and bleeding lambs of the fold , that tbe Lord has confided to their care . I have those who , when famine stalks the land—wben pestilence scares , wita 10 , 000 deaths surround—when everybody else flies trom tbe bed ot rotlea straw on which the dying peasant is extended—when mepbitic air fills the chamber of death —I have those who , at such a moment , forget every consideration that death in its most hideous shapes can harrow forth —( cries of hear , hear , hear ) They meet it half way , and expire in tbe performance of their charity towards man and their duty towards God — ( great cheers . ) I have those with me who never
forsook the people through 300 yean of persecution , and whom the people in their turn never forsook—( hear , and cheers . ) I have those not only blessiog but aiding—and oh I they aid by their blessing . With their countenance there can be no shrinking back , there can be no retreating . Gentlemen , Ireland has never yet had a fair stand-up fight for her liberties—( bear , and cheers . ) I do not mean tbe fight of battle and of death—tbe fight of combat , destruction , and of the sanguinary field , but I mean the virtuous , persevering , constant struggle for liberty—( bear , bear . ) I have pledged myself to three milliens of Repealers , and I cannot afford to take any less —( cries of " you shall have them . ") But tbe question has been asked , " when you get three millions
of Repealers bow much farther advanced will you be than you now are ? " Oh , leave that to me —( loud laughter and cheers . ) Will I not tell them that tbe history of the world is to be began again , that they may burn all their books , and say that they know nothing of the history of man , if tbe three millions of determined and crimeless men are to be refused any reasonablerequest that they may please to solicit —( bear , bear . ) But I will net stand there ? Give me my three million of Repealers , and I will immediately take the next step . I will not have a onvention in Dublin , for that is against tbe law . There is a statute against
boldtag any convention in Ireland , and I am a great respecter of your statutes —( hear , bear , and laughter . ) But the statute does not cover the entire of the ground . It covers a small penal portion , and I would not tread on that at all but with the most perfect good humour as well as good temper . I may say that though there may be breakers ahead , there is an old pilot at the helm —( enthusiastic cheers for some moments ) . I do pledge myself to yon—and 1 would not dare to do that if I were not certain of tbe effect , and that without the slightest peril of tfce Attorney-General—of the Chief Justice , or of an Orange jury—that , without the slightest danger of any legal objection to the plan , I
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will have , say three hundred gentlemen of rank , fortune , and station , assembling together spontaneously in Dublin { and would it not be a good week ' s work to bring in any suggestions that these three hundred gentlemen , who would of course happen to be in Dublin by mere matter of chance—( laughter)—would have to offer on tbe framing of a bill ? They say that if a man was throwing on a table the twenty-four letters of the alphabet for a certain space of time , he would at length be able to make out the entire of Pope ' s Homer—( laughter ) . la the same manner I will throw the twenty-four letters on the table , and " spontinuity" is
the word that I will be looking for , until I have the spontaneous assemblage of three hundred gentlemen in Dublin , to take into consideration suggestions on tbe form of a bill to Repeal the Legislative Union —( loud cheers ) . That will be Bill No . 1 . No . 2 will be suggestions for the heads of a bill for tbe restoration of the ancient Parliament of Ireland—( cheers ) . They would have to consider suggestions { for the beads of bills for the conciliation of all parties , and for making a proper application of Ecclesiastical revenues , having of course a due consideration for vested interests . They would also consider suggestions for a bill on the fixity
of tenure , in which the landlords' rights would be fully protected , whila they Would be compelled to perform their duties towards their tenantry —( hear | . Don't you think that would be a gjod week ' s work to have them in for—( cheers and laughter ) ? We would have all these bills prepared in perfect technical accuracy , and ready to be submitted to tbe next Parliament that we would find willing to take them into consideration—( cheers ) . In doing this , we would violate no law—we would infringe on no part of the constitution . The English Parliament , once before , put away their King , and appointed another—the glorious William—in his place . That was against the letter of tbe law ; but will any of those who now oppose us , say that it was
against the spirit of the constitution ? It would be time for her sacred Majesty to witness her Irish subjects , and what a cheer there will be for her when she lands —( cheers ) . Is not it to be continued as long as she remains in Ireland —( cries of " yes ")? Ah no , while she sleeps there will not be a single shout to disturb it . Tbe day is coming on , it is arriving fast , when she will have the gratification of opening her Parliament in Dublin , and going down in state , with the Repeal wardens lining the streets on both sides—for that shall be a duty confided to them alone , and which no other man shall be allowed to interfere in , because it is they who shall Lave achieved the victory" —( hear , hear , bear ) .
Suoh , then , is the position of the belligerents ; the two , hosts—of misrule and liberty—encamped against each other . What should be the conduct of the people—the English people , while the struggle pends ? Should they stand tamely by and see Ireland immolated without coming to the rescue \ Should they aid the tyrants and send " fighting men " to dye her fields with blood , and "thank God ' twas our boys did it" ? O ! No ; No ; No ! Thia is not their measure of repayment . At least , it shall not bo bo far as we have influence with them . That
we have differed with Mr . O Connell not only upon detail questions , but upon matters of general policy , is a fact too well known to require repetition . We have expressed our opinion of his policy unreservedly , and have not a single word to retract . That we hare doubted his sincerity , even upon the question of repeal , wo admit . That his conduct has , upon many occasions , been' false and treacherous to the Chartists , is undeniable . That he has not strengthened the party by which he hoped to effect his purpose ten years ago , is matter of history . But all these things weigh not a feather in the scale
against the necessity for upholding popular liberty against factious domination and coercive tyranny . And let the people be assured the cause is not lesB their own because Ireland is to be the scene of contests All the great principles to which our souls are wedded are not less at stake in this attack upon the Repeal agitation of our Irish brethren , than in the more direct processes in which tbe virtue of the English Chartists has alone , and almest without Irish aid , worsted a tyrant Government in many successive actions . We know that it is so ; and that every nail fastened in the coffin of Irish independence is a
dagger piercing the heart of English liberty ; a rivet , making more fast our manacles . Hence would we be ashamed , at such a time , to nourish differences or to withhold the hand of succour from a nation bravely struggling against tyrant power . Wheresoever the flag of liberty contends with tyranny , there do we uplift our weapon for it , ne matter by whom it may be carried . Sinking all other matters in the public weal , we are now prepared to say even to O'ConnelJ , If you have now learned the secret that an enlightened public expect , from their professing friends , something more than mere empty soundi
and the honour of paying for it ; if you suppose the time has come for realising , or for honestly trying to realise , your couutry ' s hopes ; and if you are disposed therefore to put forth your strength in earnest and to fight the battle fairly , we are ready to forget the past and put forth all our energies to save you from the violence with which the Tories threaten you ; and with which , when the Whigs threatened us , you promised to aid them in its perpetration . We will not volunteer as part of 500 , 000 fighting men to trample upon you ; nor will we rejoice if an English Sergeant shall be
foremost in the slaughter—for rely upon it there will bo slaughter before the English executors of a mixed oligarchy will give np their claim to that position which they won by brute force and treacjery . Bnt fear not for the issue of the struggle . 'Tie not the first time the Tories have talked big nor will it be the first time of their being worsted . Before the passing of * Reform' or * Catholic Emancipation' the Iron Duke and Sir Robert were as confident as now . But England and Ireland carried - ' Reform' and ' Emancipation ** in their teeth as they shall yet carry the Charter and Repeal . "
The people must look out now for the exercise of a stronger arm of power than they have seen exercised for a long time ; and while they come , if need be , to the aid of Ireland with all the chivalry and bold determination of the English character , they must look well to the measuring of their footsteps , that they give no advantage to the common enemy . The fight must be a moral and a peaceful one . It must be conducted fairly and by legal means . Government threaten to apply to Parliament for new powers ; let us use the powers that we have ; let us use them wisely and not exceed them ; let us look carefully to every step : let us eschew all
rash and hasty movements ; let us have neither secresy nor known violation of the law ; let us kick out the skulking braggarts from our camp ; let us array ourselves—English , and Scotch , and Irishmen—under one Common banner , with the flag of freedom and the Charter waving over us with the Charter , and nqfer before it , will Repeal come ; and the sacred tree ot Liberty shall take root at onoe in Britain and in Ireland , and it shall flourish under the fostering genias of democracy , until its blessed fruits , social justice and individual enjoyment , causing the flush of happiness to mantle on each face , shall pleasingly but quietly proclaim our triumph .
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That statement is , that they' have failed ! The deficiency is not made up ! The Expenditure , for the yearfending April 5 th , 1843 , is , in round number , £ 51 , 160 , 000 . The Income is £ 48 , 740 , 000 The excess op Expenditure over Income , is £ 2 , 420 , 000 ! The amount of Income-tax received np to April 5 th , 1843 , and included in the above account of ' Income , " is £ 2 , 456 , 000 . So that , had it not been for the Income-tax , the excess of Expenditure ) over Income would have been just upon £ 5 , 000 , 000 ! Hero then is a test of " Free Trade . " The
Tariff , being the largest step towards complete Free Trade ever taken in this country , was to bring about such a state of " Prosperity , " as to place all classes of the community in a comparatively happy position . One proof of that altered and happy position , was to be found in an increased Revenue . Where is that proof ? Where is the increase ? Where ib the bettered condition ? The Tariff has pulled down the prices of all descriptions of produce . It has had that effect , most certainly . Farming prodace is " cheap . " Wheat is "low ; " almost as low as the most rigid Corn Law
Repealer could deaire . Milk is low ; butter is low ; and cheese is low . A neighbour of curs , in the Wholesale Provision Line , declares that for £ 50 this year he bought more cheese than he paid £ 70 for last year ! Woollen cloths are depreciated in price ; and Wages of all sorts are depreciated also !! " Free Trade , " then , has had its effect . It haa " cheapened " all things : all things except taxes , and tax eaters . Taxes it has not lessened ! Nor has it lessened the salaries of the Officers of State , or the dividends of the " National Creditor , " or the pensions of the " Pretty Ladies . " or the allowances of the Dead
Weight people ! Free-Trade has " cheapened" provisions : but to whom I To the labourer ? No . Hit wages are reduced ! and reduced , too , more than the amount of the difference between the " dear" and the " cheap" price of food . To the Tradesmen , or the professional ? He has his Income-tax to pay ! and if the Tariff saves him that amount , it does all that Peel promised him . Besides , a reduction of prices involves a reduction of profits . Generally speaking , a certain per centage is the rate of profit in all cases . Reduce the gross amount , and there is a less gross
amount of profit . To makeup an iocome from profits , under suoh circumstances , requires an increased amount of business . Does the Revenue show an increased amount of business I If so , why is there a falling off I Why is there a deficiency I To whom , then , is provisions " cheapened . " To the tax-eater I To all who have fixed incomes ! To all whose money-means have not been decreased ! These have benefitted , and benefited largely too , by the Free-trade-produced lowness of prices of produce .
And , in the nature of things , this must be so . Every reduction of prices of produce must entail additional suffering and additional burdens , upon all who live by labour and by profits : while every such reduction must add to the means of the pen-Bioner , the place-man , the salaried officer , and every one whose amount of income is fixed . Would not a Repeal of the Cora Laws , to do again what Peel ' s Bill of 1826 did in tbe great , and what Peel ' s Tariff of 1842 did in the less , be a blessing 1 Who feels inclined , after the woeful experience we have had , to try it ?
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Dear Sir , —We have been informed by some of the leading Whigs of Nottingham , that you was so mean as to accept of £ 28 . for lecturing , and otherwise assisting at Mr . J . Sturge's contest » ith Mr . J . Walter , senior , and likewise that you went to Mr . John Rogers , on * of the rich Whig leaders , ( at the late contest between Mr . Gisborne and Mr . John Walter , junior . ) and demanded of that gentleman £ l 9 . for your services , and Mr . Rogers told you he hud no funds for such purposes . And further , we have been informed that at Mr . Sturge ' s contest you applied for , and received £ 5 . for a gentleman who was very active in that election , and only paid over
to him £ 3 , and pocketted tbe other £ i . Dear Sir , these reports , with a variety of others of a similar character , are very industriously circulated ; therefore we think it our duty to inform you of the reports that you may have an opportunity of setting yourself right , as we have too much confidence in you to believe anything to your injury . We therefore leave It to yourself , assured that you can put a stopper upon tbese reports , as for ourselves we are prepared to vindicate your character by publishing your answer in any of our town papers , or in any other way you think best . You can publish this communication in the Star if you please , and we can give you names if you deaire it . ¦
We are , Dear Sir , Yours with all sincerity , John Baglet , James Woodhouse , Thomas Wkight . P . S . —The Whigs do ' nt like purity of election , neither do the ? like to have a Six-point man forced upon them . No , Sir , they can ' t bear it , and that is the secret of all their tying and calumny . My Friends , —I have much pleasure in publishing your letter just as it is . I never got oue farthing from Siurge or any other man for any service . I never heard of Rodgers till your letter announced
that there was such a person . I would be more likely to give him alms than ask him for charity . Do not mind what those ruffians say . Why does not Sturge's Secretary publish his account of the expenses , as I asked him ? Sturge owes me anew hat , and the price of a warm plaster . Toll them that Cobden , Villicrs , Thompson , and the Leaguers travel , eat , and drink at the expense of the poor slaves whom they force to subscribe : that I travel , eat , and drink at my own expense , and not at yours or theirs . Your faithful , unpaid friend , Feargus O'Connor . Leeds , Wednesday .
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The Books of the latb Executive . — We have received frorn ^ some person , who calls himself Arthur O'Neill , the following notice , with a request for its insertion : —
" TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN . " I beg to inform all who are interested in tbe matter , and who are not aware of the fact , that Mr . John Campbell , ere bis departure for America , placed in my possession the books of the National Gharter Association , together with a large number of Cards of Membership , the which I was to retain until the sum of £ 16 15 s . 9 | 4 . due to him by tbe Association , as salary for services performed , be duly paid and satisfied ; " These instructions I am determined to abide by , without reference to the opinions of any ; and am prepared to enter into any arrangement consistent with them , as well as to produce Mr . Campbell ' s authority for representing his interests in this affair .
" Ahthue O'Neill . " 180 , High Holborn . fLondon , ' "May 9 , 1843 . " We have another letter on the same subject from Mr . Thomas Copeland , Waterloo Town , who says that , on the Saturday after " honest" John ' s departure he went to the shop 180 , High Holborn , and there found Mr . O'Brien , who informed him thai the Association books had been placed in his hands , with similar instructions to those spoken
of by this Arthur O'Neill . To which of the two therefore , or whether to either of them , the honour of . being Mr . CampbelCs accomplice Jairly appertains , we do not pretend to tay . Jakes Smith , Soker ' s Town .- We cannot furnish the information he requests . James Bbamton , Manchester . —We have many communications on the subject , and shall give a succinct view of them all—Mr . Branton ' s among the rest .
Johw Smakt , Aberdeen , must take a like answer . Glasgow and Greenock . — We regret much that private and local differences should exist among Chartists—still more that they should be made public . Each party has now had its say" on the Emmet-trial matter , and we must have no more of it . Mr . Hill being last week absent in London , the communication from Greenock was very properly omitted till he should have seen it . William Silvester . —Our space is full .
Thomas Coop . — We cannot insert his letter . It is a most foul—because ^ unexplained and mysteriousattack upon an individual who would have a right to demand its meaning , and so lead us into a private squabble . W . R . ' B . writes to correct a misstatcment in our week before last's report of Leeds Cloth Market . He says the cloth-dressers are aotful ' y occupied . J . Dkll , Reading . — We do not remember to have * ecn the report : of thg meeting to which he alludes .
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Sheffield . —All communications to the Chartists o t Figlree lane must , be addressed to Mr . Jofd Green , sub Secretary , 11 , Vineyard , Harlshead All Communications for Wm . Dixonfor the future must be addressed No . 2 , Cross-street-east , Bank Top , Manchester .
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Cabruth , KitMARNOCK . —They are posted with the Srst that leave the office : the delay is owing to the alterations in the post sometime ago , and they can . oot be posted so as to arrive earlier . Burns , Dundee—Tbe parcel was sent sometime ago by packet , via Hull . * WM . Jones , Qbeenock . —Send them to this office . The Executive Committee of the Miners' So . ciETy— All communications to this body mmt be post-paid and addressed to the General Secretary John Hall , care of James Smclair , News-agent 25 , High-bridge , Xewcastlc-upon-Tyne . '
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FOR THE NATIONAL DEFENCE FUND . £ S . d . From the Chartfst of Plymouth 1 0 0 „ S . J ; a coustant reader , near Wakefield 0 1 0 „ Woodbridge , per James M'Ken ... 0 3 5 „ John Cook , Buckingham , per Wm . Jones ... 0 3 0 „ tbe Chat tists of Asbton , per T . Coop 9 ( 5 iq „ Richard Milford , Treforest . ... ... 0 10 0 „ the Chartists of Pont-y-ly-Prydh ... 0 10 0 ,. a loyal pensioner , per J . R . W ., Boston ( too late for alteration lost
week ) ... 0 0 6 „ T . JHelbrook 0 6 6 „ J . Gosdridge 0 0 6 „ John Jones , mason ... 0 0 2 „ M . Saunders 0 0 e „ a young democrat 6 1 4 _ four friends , per Mr . Brook , Leeds ... 0 3 0 „ the Chartists of Hucknall-under-Huthw&yte , per John Alfrey 0 3 0 „ the Bristol United Chartist—proceeds of a lottery for Plates and Frames , presented by Clarke and Jacobs ... 10 0 „ C . C . and friends , per C C , Bristol ... 0 10 0 „ T . Taylor , Bristol 0 2 6 „ J . Doherty , ditto 0 16 „ Nantwicb , per Thomas Dunning ... 0 5 0 Received by Feaigua O Connor from Manchester 4 15 0 FOR SHOMAS COOPER . From a few friends at Clayton West ... 0 10 0
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LEEDS . —Ilkley Bath Charitt . —The annual meeting of the friends and supporters of this charity , was held at the Court-house , on Tuesday last , at noon . Mr . John Heaton , of this place , was called to the chair . The accounts were audited and passed ; the balance in the hands of the treasurer being stated to be about £ 60 . A resolution , lamenting the death of the late honorary secretary , Mr , Geo . Fenton , was adopted , and the Rev . John Snowden , of Ilkley , was requested to accept of the vacant office , a request with which he complied . There were only very few of the subscribers present .
Committal . —On Tuesday last , a young woman , who gave her name Jane Smith , and said she came from Wake-field , was committed for trial at the next borough ee 8 sioD 8 , on & chaige of having stolen several volumes of books , including Doddridge ' s Family Expositor , Ainsworth ' s Latin Dictionary , &c , from the premises of Dr . Chadwick , in Parkrow . Id could not be found out how the property had been stolen ; it was not missed until after it had been found in possession of the prisoner , who said it had been given to her to sell .
Assault and Alleged Robbery . —On Saturday last , two men named Christopher Petler and Robt . Davins , were charged at the Court- House , with having committed an aggravated assault on a waterman who , with a companion , had come ashore for a spree . The two sailors had accompanied two girls to a house of ill-fame , and then , according to the statement of one of them , they drank gin till they were " made up , " and about three o ' clock in the morning , after one of the girls had obtained possession of three sovereigns , the two prisoners came into the house , of which Davins said he was the master , and violently assaulted the two Bailors in turning them into the street . Davins was fined £ 5 or two months imprisonment : Petler was discharged .
Caution to Surveyors , —On Friday , Mr . James Greenwell , surveyor of the highways of Potteniewton , appeared before Messrs . Goodman and Pawson , at the Court-House , Leeds , in answer to s summons charging him with leaving a drain open and unprotected , and thereby causing damage to a hackney coach . It appeared that on Tuesday night , about half-past nine o ' clock , Mr . Lofthouse , solicitor , was proceeding home to Chapel Allerton , from Leeds , and owing to a drain being open in Chapel Allertonlane , near Mr . Buckton ' s house , the hackney coach was overthrown , and Mr . Lofthouse and the driver had a very narrow escape from being seriously injured . The drain in question , which was under the care of the- defendant , was undergoing aome alteration , and was left unprotected and nnwatched ; and the bench fined the defendant £ 3 , and ordered him to pay 253 . for the damage done to the coach .
An Impostor . —On Tuesday last , a good looking young woman , who called herself Mary Ann Robinson , alias Simpson , alias Sandiford , was brought up at the Court House , en a charge of having obtained money and a variety of articles of wearing apparel , from several persons residing at Armley , and in different parts of the country , under the following circumstances . On Tuesday week , she went te the house of Mr . Wm . Akeroyd , clothier , Armley Moor Side , and inquired for some person supposed to live in the neighbourhood , and after some conversation , she asked leave to stay all night , wh'ch was granted . On the following morning , she obtained permission of Mrs . Akeroyd to let her daughter , a girl between ten and eleven years old ,
accompany her to Morley , where she 6 aid she wap going to the house of her aunt , to get some clothes , and she would return in the evening . Bat inetead of fulfilling her promise , neither she nor tho child was heard of till Friday morning , when the child was restored to her parents , havingbeen found deserted near Dewsbury . It seems that after she had gone from Armley , on Wednesday , she ascertained from the g ir ] that she had a grandmother and other relatives residing » Dewsbury , and to them she quickly found her way , along with the girl , and , under some false representations , she' was not only allowed to remain till Friday morning , but she obtained some six or seven shillings in money and some wearing apparel . She left Dewsbury with the girl she had taken WftD
her , saying that they were both going back to Armley Moor Side ; but soon after she got out of the town , she contrived to leave the girl . She called herself Sarah Ann Simpson , and she represented herself as the sister , and as the cousin of Mr . Jeremiah Simpson , Armley , draper , by which she succeeded in obtaining both goods and money . We need scarcely add , that she is no relation to Mr . Simpson , but that she is in fact a base impostor . A description of her person and dress was forwaraea by the orders of Mr . John Gott , of Leeds , who tooK a lively interest in the matter , to the various towns in the immediate district , and on Mouday morning she was apprehended by the constable of BatJey . " appeared that she had on a shawl and bonnet wbicn she bad falsely obtained at Dewsbary . She was sent for three months to the House of Correction .
Daring Highway RoBBERY .-Oa Saturday evening last , Mr . Edward Woolley , shopkeeper , of Mi " Shay , Beeston , left his home a little before nine o ' clock , to proceed to Holbeck , for the purpose or paying a contribution to amoney club , of which he is » member : and whilst passing alonsj some fields leading from the Peacock Ian to Wortley , he was met by a young man who bade him good night . Mr . Woolley returned tbe salute , and after passing on for a short distance , happening to turn he saw toe young man coning behind him , with a pistol in " >* hand . He stopped , and the man then said , * Y oar money , " and Mr . W . Baw that he had a dagger ih his other hand . Mr . Woolley then gave ^ P * " * money , amounting to five shillings ; but the robber , not believing but what he had more about him , " »• Bisted upon Beaching his pockets , which he did , sno then finding that Mr . W . had no more , he returned
him a sixpence and left him . On Thursday ; » young man named John Brown Appleyard , re siding in Holbeck , was brought up at the Court House on suspicion of being the party concerned in the abovs robbery . The prosecutor could not , however , 8 P ~[ with certainty as to his identity , although he h * a little doubt that he was the man . A charge was then preferred against him of having on Saturday W 8 B * previous to the robbery taking place assaulted a young woman on the highway , and near to the p' *** where the robbery was committed . H <> acknowledged this , and was fined £ 3 and costs ; ot W default of payment committed to Wakefield for two months . Two other cases of highway robbery occurred in the same fields in which Mr . Woolley wss robbed on Saturday evening last , one of the partie » being severely injured . Appleyard is therefore <«•* tained in Leeds until such time as he is able W
appear , to see whether he can identify him . Dangerous Conduct . —On Tuesday , a female , who is deaf and dumb , named Ann Edmondson , was brought up at the Court-House , on a charge of ay ing threatened to take the life of a man who uw » neighbour to her , with a cleaver . It appearing tnas she had manifested great violence on severs ! r ^ . * occasions , she was ordered to undergo a medicai examination . Free Market Tolls . —These Tolls were let by thef Market Comnuuee , by public Bidding , * ' * J Court House , on Thursday . Mr . Thackray was the highest bidder , but it \ va = nudorstood that n » acted for tho " Bower pwry . ' Tua sum at vrnicu the Tolls were let was £ ' 2 . 110 -tho Codiicii , to 1 W the rates .
The Northern Star. Saturday, May 13, 1843.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , MAY 13 , 1843 .
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4 THE NORTHERN STAR .
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THE BUDGET . ' PROSPERITY" AND A FALLING REVENUE . u FREE TRADE" AND A " DEFICIENCY . " On Monday night last , " The Budget" of the Chancellor of the Exchequer was opened . It had been looked forward to with no inconsiderable share of interest , many being curious to know what had been the effect of the " Free-Trade Tariff" of last year upon the Revenue , and iwhat was to be tbe amount of the New Income Tax .
Sir Robert Peel when he entered upon office , found a deficient revenne . He found the expenditure exceeding the income very materially ; and the deficiency made up by the issuing of Exchequer Bills , which , in process of time came to be added to the permanent Debt . He pronounced this to be a most unsatisfactory state of the Nation ' s finances ; and devised a scheme to raise the " needful , " bo that the deficiency might no longer exist . One part of his Eoheme was to take a great leap towards complete Free Trade ; and the other the imposition of a tax upon property , and upon income arising from profession .
On Mouday last the official fitatement was given , which enables us to judge of the efficiency or soundness of Sir R . Peel ' s measures , confining our attention solely to their avnved object , the supplying of the deficeucy in . the revenue .
To F. O'Connor, Esq.
TO F . O'CONNOR , ESQ .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), May 13, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct802/page/4/
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