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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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SEEBAL AXD THE CHASTER . Tbe tamers are "waving o ' er "tower and steeple , And freedom caps load on her sons to engage ; 53 ie glorions straggle is now for the people , Sod tyrants most yield to the Jight ol the age . 3 } ts sobs ofJlibezma are ready for battle , Wia Spirits lespaDflins to Jibertyls ealL "Jfbp , isfliEr than 5 i £ y Trill be treated lite cattle , Ato detsrnuiffid to conquer , -or gloriously IsIL Thwi Britons amb ! and resist all coercion , Or the storm Trill descend on your chDiren and yon "Who does sot remember the blooSy dispersion , In eighteen and nineteen of famed Petedoo ? InoneToica oTthnnto infsronr « f Erin , Speak death to the alaveatrho shall dare to assail A . peaceable nation , -who are but preparing To regain their lost right * by an Act of SepeaL
"What sacrifice ifl too great far the blessings That msn shallenjoy when his freedom is von ? Ifo more shsZLss sgniy of hireling-assassins Side oTer the pffiplfi , and trsmpls them down . 3 ! hen Britons aiiseT on ftri' EoWe occasion , And your Ttiice -win be echoed from every shore , By the labouring miHions of eyejy nation , "Who , like yon , are determined their lights to restore . And , ^ onld Ibcy . refuse both Bepeal and the Charter , Shall tsb haul < Jcim oar flag , and abandon the cause ? Ho , rather march on to the * nemy s quarter .
lior rest Jfll both ogsets are part of onrlawa . Ihe few < fler the many -will -ceaas their dominion , "When the many mate , * nd resolve to be free . 2 ( o army can trample down public opinion ; Th « 731 * 017 % won -when the people decree ! Afc * . Mf DATE 5 P 0 KL Jaly 253 i , 1813 .
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_ SONG . Up- ^ np "With onr flag ; shall our eonzsss be shown 2 n -ajeeanse of our tyrante , and not in onr own ? Shall TTBinoyB , ere ? fiist , on the chessboard of fame , ! To be barter'd like pa-mas "while -we ' re winning the &mas 23 jfiTictors sod . victims , ior profligate lords , Too afi in a . strife that dlshonoHr'd our ssrortiB ; Yet , shrink from the combat , for altar and hearth , In the home of onr ares—the &een land of onr hktb ? " To onr ixitxral n ^ d—ii we have been snbdned To arm us again , -when oar strength is Tensw'd 3 / our roes have been plundered , insulted , disgrac'd ^ Shall the national landmarks be neTer replaced ? If the pitiful gleanings of honour and -wealth Have been gather'd in silence , and almost by stealth , Shall onr country be stall lhe broad field that we sow "With slory and gold—to be xeao'd hv&e ^ be ?
We saSvfd m paHence—tai paUenea became , Jake the snow ronnd ths crater of mountainous flame ; Yet complaints , like the anoke -which could not be xeprera'd , ShowS fbe smojUffSug fire atSl at work in onr breast : And what tBd-oax'ijxaxitaio sosthe discontent ? "Why , they added new insult axd wrovg to resent . And now let them look Jbr tbe lava to -wreaths * Lhe villas and ¦ yiniyaids they planted beneath-The warm for the earth , and the eagle for air , Have a pow * r and a pnrpose consign'd to their care ; And sbb— - "wheQier dwelling in castles , or cells , Bm a po ^ r fcr the good of the Jand where be dwells . £ hsai tee &vb up Iqt erer tha ? power—so long Torn from as—tarn'd on . ss—by rapine and wrong ? 2 fo—no : 'twere a crime , that could uotie-forgiVn—A brtach of the trust delegated by HeaVn .
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A Peachctl "Wobk os thb Masagehett of Smau , Pasaas 5 3 T Tsj&gvs O'Cossob . lies . 1 and 11 . London , Cleave ; Manchester , Hejrrood ; Leeds , Hobsoa . At last ire have & Work calculated to leach CTfen aniCToran ; mannfachrriug openuirp , "howto use $ he JLand . There hare been pleniy of fanninglxwfe ; plenty of ** instructions f- plenty of * theory " ieforenme bnt here we hare STrork calculated for tbactice . It is e ^ ndenfly &e production of one -who
inow 3 -srhstit i 33 ie Bnffriijisg abant . TheconTiction is at once inTolunianly forced upon the mind on reading the Work , that the -writer is a nan of piaciical experience ; thai he is intimate with all the details of the- question on which he treats . The style is also unafieetedly plain asd dear . There is so donbt as to -what is meant by what is said . It is ¦ understapdalle . I ? D flights of fancy ; no soaring in the regions of imagination ; no "iawer "; , no "poetry" ; "but plain , aniple , intelligible rules for practice .
ThB "Woxk 5 s also most « pporinne . It is nozr that ii is wanted . Now , that " ths ^ nd" is being turnedicas a remedy for naijouaJ distress , brought on by Mgh-ta 33 . tion , rfock-jobbing , paper-i » aiifang , aad JnsjmfsctuuDg speculation ; note , that "* be Land " is adTOcaied on eyery sde ; note , iha ! "allotoients ' sre being-made on every hand ; now , thai the working-classes are beginning to employ their clxtb 34 DMXS in the pnrchase of Lsmd , aid enUrraie it fox ibemselTes ; now , thai the worMog-people generally are talking of a HxnosxL hisn Besefit Scoett , and of aLzoax Schimz for a Pjucucai J ^ xsksssssi XP 03 ihe Lxsdz H 33 Tjoic , irhen an almost nniTeisal desire is n ^ anifested to get hold of the Land ; it is « oir , under such crrcnmslaacss , that this work iimeh / makes I ^ s appearance , to instract all what to do with the Land when they get it .
From sneh a Wotk it is 4 ifficnlt , as will be at once apparent , to select an « xiract for the mere newspaper redder . To give an accurate idea of the nainre and scope of sncha "Wcrk , require 3 the Wori itself ? p 323 ae&Ux 3 y Tshea it happens , ss in this instance , that there is nothing extraneous to the qnesiion , bnt all " germane to thematter . " Farming operations are Tery direrafieds- and yet ihey so banjr one to another ? hare such an intimate con-JiectiDa with , and ^ ependen ^ e on ,-each other , jbat it 13 impossible to select one a 3 adapted to give a general idea of the whole . So of -the chapters 5 b Ihi 3 Book , treating , as those chapters do , of the sereral farming operations in sHceessiTe and con-BecutTe order . We Ehall , howeyer , cire the chapter
OS BaiBixs ; for ££ is calcalaied to impart some nse&l informalion to many who ieegj or who may desire to keep , ** a cow , " and who may be unable , or unwilling , to " bny Ufa bcok . It willj too , gire scms sort of an idea of the natnre of the Work itself , and of the manocr Ib which the task of the anthor ia being fnlfilled . Here is ibe chapter jast named : — " Ha-siug bow disposed-of my sc ^ Jsct as far as relates to ¦ sraate lands , large farms , TEntt , horse labour , spade insbanSjx , and mannrea , I ahall procEed to disenss the question of farming , treating of each branch nnder its o ^ uprspti head ; itotJy , in order to lead my readers t « a knowledge of lie isost profitable applicadon of Sie seTcial cops ; and I shall then treat of the mode of pT 0--innBg tbosa sere ^ sl crops , and compare iheir relatiTe TetnrEB ior tbe amount of labour opended in their prodnctiOiL .
** The « -j , then , being an indispensable to a mother in labour , to a child in armB , to the infant growing , to the adult in procssa ^ f formBtaon , to -the labonrer at work , snd to the aged in declining life , I treat of this domestic fiT ? Tm ^ firstly . I pity the man who has not a coir , £ b £ TEfao is dmgeH to % rait tiU drrren by mckness tothenssBsssry ol seTifl ^ ng to a neighbour { orabJfpgCBj or pEnnyworSi of the most "wbolesoBi ? , the most Bntritions , snd the most grateful beverage . 1 » is a SBeJancholy thing to see an able and -willitg -wortman icdnced to the necessity of feeding his little chUdren upon ramliclesome ^ lops , as a snbstitats for that , of bare abnadancs
¦ which , bad hB-fair play , he conld sn . 2 folaboanag ""¦• " « a = say that 2 » is as ae oogirt to be HheJsnst possessed ef a «> - « r ;« iiait is ttetnse I propose 1 iiat a sufficient stock of that useful animal should constitute the staple of theamalliaimsr's zsThxce , Qiat Imake the ^ ow my £ rst consideration . I propose , that ETEry -n-. mi ocenpyJDg fonr acres of gronnd shall _ be passessed cf four coira as &b main stock of his establishment . As , iowerer , I shall tnter minutely into the mo £ e of treafiisg the cow , as well as into a minute « dsnbs&niaBiQtfceiEtEnito be e = cpecled from 2 xat treat-EtEat , I shaB now proseed , under my present hesd , to trot the saiject gsnsKlly . r
. "Ihaye demed my knowledge npon this Euhjeet from practical expsrieEce , Sa-5 ii'S not only had a dairy myssif . bnt from the circumstance of Irring dose to a . isear relation , who , for many jeara has made -a large ^ Q ^ ry of from thirty toifty coi « a gr ^ t iobby , io the process of - ^ -m ^ rn ^ iraiich I paia ihs TEiy greatest siiEnfioB , and which be bas bronght \ o giesist peif ^ I £ 33 thaa any other person thst I know of . Indeed , ] 5 a say Sizression wbicb will serve my pnrpose j "SSB be pardoned by the reader , I may here . **« £ -while speakmg t £ that genaemen , tte ^ act . of
, ^ aiisbasgone farther in esablisbing tbe "ralne a $ 3 tcf ground to the workiiig mau , than all the landlords * afl tnaeSolTenters in ecsrence . Heissn immKiBely 3 a iel 3 a 3 ^ gDpnetor , and lie best landlord in the * ° ? arj . la eyerv -one of bis leases h& inserts a con-^ &iQ , ihsi its farmer shall » Eow erery labonrer he « ffipi ( g ? Bomnch 2 snd xent . free , ahense of stipulated ^ unensiuns , and always kept in proper Tepair j ^ nd the » sjlt < jfQiis pisn is , -fijat tbe labourers of biB tenantfi * nd their famffieB ara as cemfortable m tte tenants fienistlTCa . .
"inTOder tomafce profit of a dairy , Qie fenner nrnrt ^ rayshaTeiscfiSsientimniberofcowa io inake * certain i Sttan % of bniter , ay , i flriiB , or ibont alxty ponnds j anesrly as posable , at . one chnmingj and this is one j tf&e leascnB why 3 bare thonght proper t © aas ^ jn j Hwrctrws to each Email farmer . It Is impossible that J * D coals carry on the trade of seHing new milk and J feshbatter ; and , therefore , in speaking of a fiairy , jti snssfrabrajsie tKated aw a siaOTJactery for 13 ie -whole- j * fl £ mcrkst , saihsr tbaa * a * aneasa «? « nf > plyliig the l ^ iWaaaisd . In many partB of Ireland , lie system of ^? a farms 5 a carried onby the same farmer tailtirat-?« « teesiyely , ^ nd also keeping a dairy . This system M jractisfcd fc many parte of England as well , toa !
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mcstmicoiis extent , and , fn > va salculations made from xneh sonrees , no lair ccndnsosa as to t >* pmflte of a dairy can be arriYed at . From twenty-two to thirty covet , according to the siza of the farm , in general constitute the dairy . These animals are kept npon the lands , let on * to rest , not balf fed , and , being perished ana starred in winter , jnst when they reqnireatton . tlon and care , the cost of renewing the stock is « xcessts , wine their prodnce , besides being poer in qnali ^ , doss not ainonnl to one-balf tbe quaniiJ ^ ¦ which the Earns number of cows , if properly fed laid attended ^ , wonld prodnce . And yet a dairy of this kind is the principal rdiance of the farmers for payicg their May rent . An Irish farmer generally paya hla November rent from the sale of his harvest ; and he pays hie May rent by raising money npon the supposed produce of
his dairy for the coming half year , by obtaining money at tbe rate of forty , fifty , sixty , and eTea seventy-two per cent from the butter merchant , to -whom ! he is in the habit of seOhxg bis prodnca It would not ] thtn , be fair to make wholesale calculations npon so imperfect a system ; while , there being no retail market for milk and butter in the ceuntry districts in Ireland , those who « ann « t afford to keep a sufficient number of eows to make the quantity required . for tke wholesale market at once , must be rained . Let me explain this to yon familiarly . If a poor man has two or three cows badly fed , be will expect to iBt || fi somewhere about ninetysix ponnds weight of bntew * n&der each cow * in tbe season . He attempts to make a firkin , or sixty ponnds , for the wholesale market ; and which , if made at once , would sell as first qnality , and fetch , « ay £ 2 5 s . or at the rate of £ i 10 a Der cwt-: whereas , it will take him
six or seven weeks to make the required amount , adding seven or eight poundB at a churning to the stock , -which , 'when ready for sale , bas as many colours as a rsiobo-w , and as many different smells as a farm yard ; and , when he takes it to market , instead of getting first quality price , or £ 4 10 s . the « wt , it is bored , Binelled , snd tasted , and branded as a * bishop , ' a title given to butter which does not merit that of 1 st , Snd , 3 rd , -4 th , or 5 th quality , and which are the several classes that that article is sold under . For this be will receive about fifteen sbOiings , or at tbe rate of £ 1 103 . the cwt instead of £ 2 5 s ., or at the rate of £ i 10 s . per cwt , the price of first qnality . Tbns , far want of a retail market , and not having a sufficient nnmber of cows to make the required quantity for the wholesale market , be loses two-thirds of the price of the article .
« I shall now lay down some practical rules for the management of a dairy . Tbe cow being the first . requisite in tbe establishment , I shall describe what she onght to be , and how she should be treated . There are as many opinions as to the cow most preferable as there are different breeds : 1 shall , therefore , state the qaalites fox - » Mch they are respectively preferred , and leave the reader to his choice . " Ths Ayrshire is now coming into very extensive nse in all descriptions of forms , whether light or heavy ; their recommendation being their beanty , and that they thrive better than most other breeds npon light soil and scanty fodder . Their millc , however , is not to be compared to many ethers , either for quantity
-or quality ; to the Hereford for quantity , or to the Devon er Aldernej tet qualify , or to the common Irish or English cow for either one or the other . This breed bas been pushed of late years amongt some farmers who wonld be better without them , especially by the ! Duke of Devonshire and bis friends , more I presume ^ from the state of perfection that they have bean brought to by these gentlemen npon their rich domains , than from the intrinsic merit of tfaB snimaL The Ayrshire , ] bowever , is a good cow for a large dairyman , as she has that property much prized by them , -fit ., if she misses for milk , she win inm © nt trail for the butcher , a consideration , however , which ntver should weigh with a man having only three or four cows .
"The ¦ white-faced Hereford , ia , perhaps , generally speaking , tbe most milch , and has the property of fat ting at an earlier age than any other breed . I may be a&owea to stste my ewa preference , anfl 1 certainly give it to ihe Hereford , abo ^ e alJ otters . J have bad a dairy exclusively of Hereford cows ; and they avtraged over twenty-four quarts of Eilch a-day , three or fbnr of them giving as much as sixteen quarts at a meal , and of average richness ; richer , I think , than the Ayrshire , bnt not so rich as the Devon or Aldemey , or the common Irish or English . They require sood keep , and wfll give gocd oroduca in Tcturn ; and -I have found
them of all breeds the most gentle . There w one p eculiarity , however , belonging to the Hereford , and from want of a knowledge of which I lest three of the veTy best of my cows when 1 first got them . ' It is this : if they maie a very large shot ? abont three weeks or a month before calving , they Rhonld be moderately milked , otherwise th 9 tea % becomes diseased and it is impossible t « bring them to their milk after calving . In fact , thty cant give a drop , os the pipo is stopped up , I presume bom tbe milk -which onghr to baye been drawn first corrupting , and then taming to a hard lump . I nave tried to recover this neglect by putting the calf to them , but all to no purpose .
"The Devon surpasses all others in the richness of her milk , bnt is far inferior to almost any other in quantity . " The common Irish cow can scarcely be surpassed in value . Some of them will give from twelve to fifteen qnsrts at a ntesl , npon feeep far inferior to ; what say other breed requires , while for richness her rniik is ' mnch beyond the average quality . ' " The shortrhomed is a breed coming into ' extenaivs nss , & £ d I am snro I can ' t tell why , if it is sot that their trx 3 renders them valuable to the graxier , after they shall have served their time at the dairy .
•* There ? a another breed which deserves noHca . the thorough bred Scotch , generally of a black and white colour , large , of beautiful symmetry , with head resembling & buck , flat in the forehead , and very pretty small bores . I know of no cow superior to a thorough bred Scotch cote ; bnt I regret to say that they have become -rerj scares of late years , the . Ayrshire having supplied their place . " There is another breed also that deserves mention ; I mean the little black Galloways that are to be found in the sonfiiern counties « f Scotland . I have a great
fancy for this breed , which I would distinguish by the ¦ nuTnp of Cse poor miB ' j cow . Tisy are Tery sn ^ Ul , of basntifnl fymmBtry , and have no horns , which , lp my opinion , is an advantage not to be overlooked . Tbe owners tell you that they -would Jive upon tfee road ; which is a mere figurative mode of telling you that they will live npon tiie most spate keep . They : sive -rery good milk , in some cases as much as ten quarts at a meal , or twenty quarts a-day , are easily fattefi when dry , and win live certainly upon one-half of what a Hereford , Ayrshire , or fibort-homed cow would
consume . ¦ "The common English , like the common Irish , -when good , in my opinion surpasses most others in this climate , and as a native of the soil is , perhaps , the test suited to the country . - ; *• The next direction , then , that I Ehall give to the farmer is . how to choose bis cow at a fair . He should look well about him , and make up his mind not to be captivated by the first that takes his fancy , always bearing in mind that , if taken in , his first loss is tfee least , as a bad cow will entail a felly injury ppon him . The head , then , ahonld be -cell Jofeked at ; it should be fine antf rather fiat than ronnd in the .
forehead , lhe countenance mild ard gentle , the horn small , and of a rich creasy colour , well set , and not coding ; the seek fiae , thin at tbe mane , and a fall of loose flesh underneath running towards the breast ; the tail ' and limbs should be fine , the hind quarter wide , with a good space between the hind legs , and the udder spreading up toward * tha chest rrfber than baDgiBg down between the legs ; the teats , instead of hanging down , shonld project , pointing es it were towards , the fore-legs , great attention being paid to the siz ? i of the two back teats which are nevtr milked , a ^ cow UEnally having six teata , I have seldom seen a cow of this form that had not the two back teats unnstally
large . 41 1 have now spoken of a cow rearly for xnil 1 ? iDg , and with the presumption that no man -would be mad enouzh to boy a cow that has bean stocked for fiala , that ia , a cow -which has not been milked for , perhaps , twenty-four hours ; a system as foolish as it ib cruel , and the practice of -which has destroyed many a fine aninmi , and has injured many an ignorant nan . It -trill he a long time before a cow that has been driven soma distance trith a burstiDg adder can be brought to herself , while she seldom thoroughly recovers for the season ; and , therefore ^ none tut the hopelessly ignorant can ba injured by ibis crnel practice . 1 have frequently felt inclined to punish tbe o ^ naer of a cow that I have seen in tie situation that I describe . I believe that under Mr . ' 3 IartiB * s Act 2 should succeed , while , I am sure , thB ruffian wonld deserve the punishment .
- " If the farmer is wise , he will prefer a three year oT 3 heifer springing , that is , about to calve , to any otcer , and for thiB reason ; because £ he could not have bsen previously injured or sold for any fault ; and in 999 insianeesin every 1 , 000 , a cott , if properly treated from thB commencement , -will turn out well . -The aame directions Hut I nave laid down for regulating the choice cf a cow -will also apply to tbe heifer . If , however , the toxmvt ahouid prefer a cow that >"" calved , J wonld recommend him to obserre £ be following directions . Spppose he fancies a cow , for
which be is asked £ 12 , let him then ask what muk she gives ; and if the ewnBr sets twelve quarts at a meal with good feed , let the purchaser say , then I'll place the whole amount in the hands of a xnntual friend ;; I'll put the cow on good keep , and yon shall name any ; day within eight aa the trial day to comeandseehermilked , andlf bdb gives tns promised quantity 70 H shall have the money . This is what is called engaging a cow , ' a practice invariably acted upon by dairymen in Ireland , and found -sery beneficial . If the seller refuses ; tbis offer , let the farmer to upon his heel and leave him , as the caw is sure to iaTB come defect . So mnch for the
purchase of a dairy cow . ; " L ° fc ns bow consider her treatment , which , for- the present . I ahaU confine to her management , as hereafter I i ° Vil lay down roles for feeding her , supposing merely for the present that she is to be as well fed as ahe |> os-Bibly can be . In sneb case , then , a very middling cow , if well chosen , will give * wenly-f dor quarts of milk a-day . Care should be taken not to allow her to calve sraefc before the beginning of May , in orderthat shB may be tnonshtiw afuH flow of milk by sn abundance of tood given immediately after calving . She should be turned into an open plaeewhenabonfc to calve . AasoonasBhe drops the calf , the calf should be sprinkled ovBr with sbont two table spoonsful of common salt , which will induce the cow to lick it over more greedily , and will
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have the effect of mikins : her' clean' more Bpeedily ^ Ab soon as Ehe ' cleanB , ' that is , a * soon as she tfcrowB off th . 0 calf bag , it should bs instaiiUy taktn from her , aT » d burled , as otherwise sbe will ba sutb u eat it . and probably suffer great injury . I am aware that a difference of opinion exists upon this point , many believing that the * cleansing ' , if eaten by the cow , operates as a medicine . It is so asserted in the second volume of an admirable work entitled , 'Britten Husbandry , ' published xmdexthe superintendenca of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge ; n book unequalled , in my bumble opinion , by any other that has ever been written upon the subject of agriculture ; one indeed which should constitute an indisp&nsifele portion of tbe property of 6 very man possessed $ ! any quantity of ground from a
rood to any amount , and to its extensive circulation I attach the greatest importance . I should feel extreme delicacy in expressing ^ sny difference of opinion with the writer of this work ; bull as , upon the point in question , there is a variance between the text and a note upon tbe same subject , I incline to that of the note . In the text it is recommended to allow the cleansing to remain -with the cow , as the eating of it will ' amuse' her ; but in the note the writer gives directions as to the proper medicine to be administered in the event of this ' amnsement * making the cow eick . It is , therefore , because I consider preventionbetter than cure , and because the amusement may be purchased at the expenco of the cow s life , that 1 recommend the cleansing to be taken
away as soon as she ; relieves herself ef it . Tbe calf should then be taken . from her , and never , tinder any circumstances , should it be allowed to snek her ; as in such casa , she will frequently refuse to give her milk to the hand , while ibire would aVwayB be much trouble in inducing her in the outset after the calf has been let to her . The cow should get warm drinks , bran and water , or meal and water , with the cold just taken off and a little salt mixed in it , for three or four days after calving ; and if the calf is to be reared or vealed . it should be kept out of hearing . In abont nine days the cow will come to her full milk . And now I will lay down rules for milking which never should be departed from .
•• The usual practice is to milfe cows twice a-day , whereas I wonld strobgly recommend the plan ot milking three times a-day ,. at five in the morning , one at noon , and nine in the evening ; thus leaving eight hours between each meal . By following this plan , I will venture to say that a cow will give one-fourth more milk than if only milked twice a-dsy . If a good cow is well fed , she will begin to drop her milk at least two hours before the time when she is usually milked . If tbe milk is taken from heir by the calf , it will keep tagging at her nine or ten times a-day ; and , therefore , it appears contrary to the rulea of nature that she should be allowed to go twelve hours without milking . I assign a lspse ef eight hours between each milking because I feel convinced that in that period she would gather a f nil meal of milk . It is of all things necessary that a
cs -w should be treated with tbe greatest gentleness , as much depends npon temper , awhich can be made for the animal by those : entrusted with her management Speak kindly to a cow , pat beT , and scratch her , before you sit under btr , andsbe will give every drop of her milk freely : on the other band , scold her , and kick her about the hind legs—a very usual practice of milkmen to bring other men ' s cows into a convenient positionand tbe odds are , either that she upsets the milk , or refuses to give it all . For these reasons I would recommend the small farmer always to allow his wife or daughter to perform the operation of milking ., Cows , when properly treated , are very gentle animals , and always prefer being milked by those to whom they are accustomed . Before . tbe woman begins to milk , she should wash , the whole udder and teats well over
with cold spring water , and then dry it From constant habit she will soon learn how mnch milk the cow gives ; and when she has taken within a pint of the whole , she should milk that last pint into a separate Vesa-1 ; it is called the etrippings , asd is twice as rich as any other portion of the milk , and ' perhaps three times as rich as the first pint drawn from tho cow .- that is , the pint of strippiogs will yield more cream or butter than the three pints first drawn trom the cow . Great caie Bhould be taken to milk tbe cow as clean as possible > in fact , not leaving a drop with her ; and immediately after she ia milked she should bss fe < 1 .
" If the milk is to . be used for making butter , the great&at attention must be paid tu the cleanliness of the vessels in the first instance , and to tbe mode of keeping tba cream and making the butter . The vessels should be ell of wcod , and well scoured with hay and fine sand , or grarel and tot water , and afterwards well rinsed out with cold / water , and placed In the air to drv , before the milk is strained into them . The milk may bs set in summer for twenty-four hours , and then E&inused , acd the cream thrown into a dean crock , which ia preferable \ o = wood for keeping cream ; while wood ia preferable to earthenware for making the milk
yield its cream . The ^ trippings taken from the cows may be thrown at once into th 6 cream-crock , and great care should be taken to stir tbe cream upon each addition made to it ; a peeled willow-stick being preferred by old bands for this purpose , while I would much prefer the clean hand * and arm of a dairymaid , which can streep ronnd the : edges better than any stick- In winter , the milk msy-iitand for forty-eight heurs , all the same rules being observed that I have laid do we for summer treatment ! In summer , the cream should be churned twice a veek ; in winter , once a week . And , novr , In order that all the trouble should not go for nothing , I will lay down rules for making butter .
"As soon cs your butter is thoroughly churned , all the buttfeMu : ]] : must be 1 st off ; after which tbe barrelchum shonld be whisked round rapidly , a little cold water having been poured in . This will purge the butter of a great portion cf tha buttermilk . Tht > butter should then be taken out of the churn , and token up in larre lumps , and well clapped against the bottom of a large wooden keeler , and , being well opened with the fingers , the keeler shonld be filled with spring water , and the dairymaid should knead tbe butter jnst as a baktr kneads his dough , changing the water as long as it has any tinge of milk ; and when tbe water comes off clean , then the butter , when thoronghiy discharged of the water by another good clapping , is ready for tbe salt , which may be added in the
proportion of about an ounce and a balf to tbe pound of bntter . The salt should be common marine salt , and should be well pounded , and made as fine aa possible ; and , when thoronghiy -worked , the bntter may be placed in the firkin , packing it as firmly as possible , care being taken lo select your vessel , if for the wholesale market , of the sizs most suitable to tbe means of filling it as Bpeedily as possible ; that is , the man who has fonr cows should prefer tbe keg which will hold 301 bs . te the firkin that contains 60 lbs . A good cow , such as I have described , well fed and properly managed , will yield 2 cwL of butter ib the season , which may be said to last from May to : D 3 cerob- r , both inelnsivo ; of course , she will begitf to fall off after she has been » erved in August , but I will take that time as an average .
Fobt cows , then , will make 8 owt . of butter in the season , or lewt . in each month ; a firkin , or half a cwt in each fortnight ; or a keg , or quarter of a cwt in each week . If the farmer , having four cows , churns twice a--week , then he will fill a keg at two churnings , and will always be sure of first-quality price for hia butter . As butter , however , is a very ticklish thing , the butter-taster and the butter-smeller discovering tbe slightest imperfection , great care must be taken in preparing it for his inspection . 1 will suppose a woman to have churned * fifteen pounds of batter , or half a keg on Wednesday , and the butter to have been packed in tbe bottom of the teg as before recommended . When she churns again on Saturday , and after that day ' s produce baa been silted , I would
recommend her to take the fifteen pounds made on the Wednesday , and mix the produce of both churnings right well up together , and then pack all up ^ in a clean teg , when it -will be just aa good , and of . equal quality , as if made at one churning . The buttar should be then kept in a coo ) place , a little fine salt being , shaken over the top , and , if tbe -weather ia very hot the keg may be placed standing in a keeler of water I have thought it necessary to be very explicit under this head for the reisons that I Btated in the outset , namely , that I propose makins ; the biaaU farmer ' s dairy of four co-ws the shple of his establishment , and his greatest source cf emolnment , and , therefore , the want of knowledge , or the want of management , would considerably injure him in this most vital point : while
the acquirement of . the . oi » , and the observance of the other , would constitute hia-greatest pleasure and greatest profit I must make one observation in concluding under this head ; it is this , that the cow is to be fed in the house throughout every day In the year , and never to be pastured in the fitrld ; -while I must also observe that she should ba driven morning and evening each day into a yard or enclosed place wheie 8 he could rtrfctcb . her legs , and receive some fresh air . The house should be well vtntilated , and she should never be tied by the head , or otherwise iestrained , for good and sufficient reasons whicn I shall state hereafter . In ¦ winter , a cow iikes warmth , and can have it better in the house than under a hedge . ' In summer , she dislikes the
son and tbe gadfly , and can be defended against both better in the bense than in ihe field . I dare say there are few who have not seen a set of heavy milch cuvrs with ten hours' stock of milk in their ndders , galloping -with cocked tails ovtr the country , to the great injury of the animal itself , and to the still greater injury of her milk . A cow should , in all cases , be kept as cool ; and free from excitement as possible , and her milk will always be In the best possible state . Moreover , when a cow is boused , you nave tbe advantage of all the manure that she makes , and which can be more profitably disposed of at the d ( Ecredon of the farmer than , by ihe encampment and folding Wsiem , it can be applied by the animal itseVLP ^ ' '
/ We have been favoured by Mr . Cleave , the London Publisher , with a " proof" of the first chapter of the forthcoming No . That chapter we shall give entire ; foHowing it np next -week bj the succeeding one , which enters more into detail . We are sure that it will be needless for us to do more than quote the hare title of these chapjerB , to draw tho eager attention of the reader to them : —
"HOW THB PROJECTED PLAN IS TO BE EFFECTED " In the two previous : numbers I have given directions for the cultivation of the sevtrai crops that I eonaider most necessary for 'the smalt farmer , while I have abstained from clogging the work with any notice of matters not necessary lor him to know anything about In the outset ; and tbe next duty that I am called
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npon to perform—19 that of instructing the working ciasses as to tho means by which land may ba acquired for carrying out thepian . The morbid and insensate submission of j the -working classes of this country to the rule dominion and controul , not of the laws , but of the slave-owners , would have discouraged me from my present undertaking had I not witnessed a desire upon the part of the people themselves to ; discovor some Drac . tlcal means whereb y they-may xl * themselves of the galling yoke of capital , mote , fat more oppressive than the utmost tyranny of the law . Opposed as I am to the shedding of human Wood , and to the taking away of human Jife . junder any circumstance whatever / and bloody as the ^ EDglish laws formerly were , they weta mild in their bloodiest form , tame in their most savage aspect , moderate in the ' r utmost vengeance , and presevvmg in thamidBt of the moat reckless destruction , when compared with the havoc , tho ' desolatiob , the peraecution , and wholesale murders cemmltted by the capitalists 0 / England .
" If you HeaT of a political prisoner being badly treated in priBon-if you heat of a fellow-cieature whe has died in a poor-house—if you witness the execution of a murderer , whose guilt may eijtherbe doubtful , or mitigated in peinouaness by some extenuating circumstances , —you } damn the law , denounce the institutions , and revile the Government ; while you tamely witnoss the victims of the capitalist , to ¦ whom death in any shape would be a relief . You sea men of thirty years of age withered and prematurely decayed , reduced to the dire necessity of sweeping the streets for their taskmasters , although their virtuous parents bad given large premiums for ; their instruction in some trade , protection for which , they vainly hoped , ' was guaranteed by the laws of England . You see these men , and
wandering paupers still more destitute ; and the only feeling that their condition arouses Is that of comparative satisfaction that , as pel , your lot is preferable to theirs . The laws have not injured those men in any respect : on the contrary , there are laws upon the statute-book unrepealed , which , if a « minlst < sred , would protect them ; and which are not administered because mocsy has become more powerful than law , and money , not justice , is consequently the fountain of English law . This is a great and crying grievance arising out of a great National Debt , the payment of the interest of which absorbs all other considerations , and turns our bouses of representation into banking concerns and , offices for the transaction of money matters , rather than legislative assemblies for the good government of the people . ' ' _ .
" Every country ha * a peculiar interest upon which its institutions are based ; and all laws are made with reference to the main or leading intBreBt . A debt of £ 800 000 , 000 with a cavalcade of hirelings and mercenaries , parsons and paid sycophants , being the pivot upon which our laws must turn , all ato made , directly or indirectly , with the view ; of upholding this principal interest , formerly , agriculture was the principal interest' of the country , and hence laws wore formerly made with reference to agriculture . Manufactures then sprung up , and laws for their government were grafted ! upon our agricultural stock . The great ambition to Insure ascendancy for the latter , embroiled us in expensive wars with the world ; and the debt , the fruit of those wars , has exhausted both stock and grass ,
and our government ia Consequently compelled to sink all consideration of aaticulture and manufactures , further than they may be subservient to our monetary system . Hence , then , we arrive at the conclusion , either that the debt must be wiped off or compounded for , or tbat some expedient shall be devised , which will have theeffect of relieving the non-debtor from its pernicious effects , and of saddling it upon the real debtor whs will very speedily find a remedy for an abuse which only affects himself , while he will be slow in looking for it as long as other shoulders'bear its weight . " In my several communications to the working claeseB upon the land question , I nave endeavoured so to fami ! iar ; za tbeir mind with the subject , as to prepare them for-the adoption of the small farm plan upon
such a system as would be most likely to lead to a successful result One thing is quite clear , and all I believe have now seen it ; it is this—that the government is not inclined to make any organic change in the constitution ; while , without such change , it is not able to BUggest any plan for the correction of those social evils -which i . ffiict society , without incurring the disapprobation ftM opposition of the BBveral classes who have lived , thriven , and prospered upon things as they are . Having , ! therefore , arrived at the conclusion that the peoplo fcayo nothing to expect in th © way of change from tbe government , it becomes the paramount duty of their friends to point out how the n quired change in th * ir conditi on can be effected without fo : c ^ or fraud . And although it is quite clear that such ciianze would
be unpalatable to the revellers in abuse , if produced by an angel from heaven and in strict accordance witn tbi Almighty's will and in conformity with the terms of bis imperishable laws , yet have I ventured to brave all opposition for the general good . Not only have I been opposed by a portion of the press ; but , still worse , I have met with tha ignorant snarl of Some working men , or rather men who profess to work for working men , and whose opposition is based upon personal vanity , disappointed ambition , hostility to myself , and a jealousy founded [ upon their own ignorance of the subject . "It is a very lamentable fact , that , in the midst of general distress , tbe " people ' s professing friends" invariably meet propositions which do not originate with themselves , with a cold-blooded and vindictive opposition . Sotine foolish egotists have gone so far as to draw conclusions from , the present st&te of Ireland ,
wfoere they assert tbat the small farm evatsm has Produced slavery , dependence and misery , for the purpose of discouraging the English working classes from ah agricultural life . Such writers are mere wordy copyists , puffing theorists , ignorant dogmatists , self-sufficient coxcombs , who know no more of Ireland than they know of Japan , and who arc as hopelessly ignorant of the capabilities of the land as the . ox that treads or tbe bird tbat . flies over it . The curse of Ireland has been , not the small form , bnt the large farm system ; while the requirement for a provision for the poor has arisen out of the abrogation of small allotments . I neVtr approved of the political use made of Irish fortyshilling freeholders ; but the disfranchisement , anU const qient ouster , of that numerous body bas led to the present state of pauperism by , which Ireland is cursed , and has given rise to a bad system of poor-laws as a substitute :
" Thoae who are ignorant upon tho question of Irish agriculture and who desire instruction upon the subject , will do well to ; read the work of that excellent gentleman , Mr . Blacker , upon small farms ; always receiving it with great ; caution , for the following reasons : —firstly , it is written by the land-steward of a nobleman , who would not find it bis interest to go into a searching enquiry of the titie , the powers , and the uses ruado of those powers ; by tbe ] aodlord-olas 9 . Secondly , it merely developes tbe result of some very trifling experiments made with success , without reference to any general principle . Thirdly , he speaks more with reference to the improvement of the land than with reference to the improvements of the tenants ' condition ; the one being permanent , and conferring a permanent benefit ,
through increased rent , upon the landlord , while the other is merelylteniporary , and ia too ofttm the cause of ouster , as a means of acquiring increased rent , while it entails an additional rent upon the improving tenant at the expiration of hi * lease . But , above all , the objection that I have to drawing any conclusion from Mr . Blaeker ' 8 book ' beyond the irrefutable proof tf the capabilities of the soil which it affords , is , that in almost every one of his reported cases we find improvement tested by the addition of u horse to the small farmer's stock ;¦ altboush his holding way not consist of more than seven or eight acres . Moreover , the average size of farms treated of in Mr . Blacfeer ' s book usually consist of from four to five times as much land as one man cau profitably manage . ;
•• As it is neofessary that I should answer the sophistries of those ignorant parties , who would urge the State of Ireland in opposition to the small farm plan , I may here remind them , that every advance in the large farm system has led to increased pauperism in Ireland , while it has contributed to an increased glut of Irish labourers in the English market . The first proof that I adduce in suppoit ot this assertion is , that the ousting of the forty-ebiiliag freeholders led to great distress . The second proof that I adduce is , that the ousting of Catholic tenants from small holdings , upon which the Ksform Bill conferred the franchise , has considerably augmented tbe distress . The third proof that I adduce is , that the rage for introducing Scotch farmers , to carry cut the system : of feeding upon turnips , has induced
many landlords , to oust small tenants , with a view of possessing themselves of the farms , in the hope of redeeming their shattered fortunes " by an improved system of agriculture ; while , under ajgeneral summary , it should hd wa&ei&lood that my byatem of small fturns wouH be incomplete unless based upbn the principle of a real " fixity of tenure ; " the want of which in Ireland operates more injuriously against the small farmer than it does against tke large former . Thus , the Jar ^ p farmer , with a lease , Or accepted proposal . on blank paper , which , when stamped at any time the teuant pleases , may be converted into an equitable title , may contend against 1 the legal persecution of his' landlord ; while nt-. tber lease nor accepted proposal are any protection whatever to the tenant Who only qrcupies fifteen or twenty acres of > ground , and who is uto&bla to reaiBt the
demand of the landlord for its surrender whenever he may think proper to require it . Hence , the ability of the landlord tofrepbssesa himself of a small farm discourages the tenant from increasing its value even by industry , ns the improvement iB sure io lend either to additional rent pt a turnout . This very system of bidding over the heads" of small fawner * with leases who have improved | their little holdings *; has led to more murders than any other eircuBsst-nce ; nay to nearly every murder that bas been committed in Ireland for tho lust forty-three years ; nearly each tod every one of which are chargeable upon tbe . tyrant londioruB , landsharks , land-agenta , amd middlemen , anA not upon the maddened , plundered , nnd Infuriated peasant , who , in the wildnees of despair , takes that vengeance in lieu of the satisfaction which tbe law denies him .
" From these tots , then , the English reader will learn that Irish pauperism , Irish crime , Irish slavery , and Irish murders ( are consequences of oppression and misrule ; and that the want of the email farm system , and not its existence , ] s tbe immediate cause of Irish distress . I defy any man living to point out any single act of treacheryjcominitted by an Irish peasant arising out of any dispute in the adjustment of which be bad received anything approaching to justice . The fact is " , tbat foreign invaders have possessed themselves of the
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country , and would stigmatize the natives as barbarians for their virtuous resistance to the most cold-blooded tjraany , committed under the plea of loyalty , necessity , and devotion to English connection . Here , tboustb out of place , I may be permitted to say , that the English people novor have been the oppressors of Ireland '; while the Irisu-English baye been the ruin of both countries . Invariably constituting tne English miniver ' s strength for the maintenance of Cburch ascendancy and suppression of popular rights . To correct the several
evilB of which all now complain ; to reconcile the people of both countries in a bond pf union and brotherhood ; to destroy tha social inequality so destructive of peace , prosperity , and harmony , I ' pee no remedy but an abandonment of our present artificial position , and a near approximation to the laws ofjnature . With these views , then , I proceed to develope the means by which society may acquire a footing so Brut that its peace shall not be in danger from tbe madness of despair , from agricultural restrictions , commercial speculations , or ministerial change . ''
Next week the reader shall have that " developemeafc . " In the mean time we are sura that he has seen enough ofi the Work' and its purely practical nature , to induce him to seek further acquaintance with it . He will not regret doiu" ; so .
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- - "I ENF 2 ELD . —Middlesex . —A public meeting of the Enfield Peace Society took place on Monday evening at tho Temperaa ' ce Hall , Ponder ' s End . M . M . Monroe . Esq ., took [ the chair . Several excellent speeches were delivered during the evening by Messrs . Crawford . Paine , Roberts and others , entreating the young men not to leave their homes and friends to become thojhired assassins of Kings and Priests . Many lading were present , who appeared highly delighted with the proceedings of the evening . I
Signs of the Times . —In tho parish of Enfield , Middlesex , a place n » t more than ten miles from LondoH , there are 100 houses to let , and some hundreds of acreB of excellent land—uncultivated , which would give good employment to the starving labourers , if spade labour was encouraged by tWe rich stock jobbers . j
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^ Mr . S . Crawford states that 70 , 000 Irishmen are ejected from their holdings every year . Dr . Chalmers has publicly announced hia adherence to the principle of vbluutaryism . In the Clifton Zwlogtcai Gardens a pointer bitch is now suckling a young leopard . Thursday , a detachment of the 49 th regiment , from India , arrived at Walmer barracks ; the remainder are expected daily . By the failube of a bank at New York , Fanny EUaler has loBt all she acquired in America , about 120 000 dollars . j IT WAS REPORTED at Bona ., by a merchant vessel , that the B&Jf of Tunis had been murdered by his nephew , The Subscription raising for Riisa Martiueau , who refused the pension rJF-re 4 by tho late Government , reaches the ram of j £ i , 000 .
The Duke of Wellington is prepared to concentrate the troops in Ireland , and all the small detachments will be called in . j A Company of tbe Sappers and Miners from Woolifich , nude * Captain Ha worth , ft , E ., arrived in Dublin on Wednesday . To the intended new dock at Liverpool , called the Albert-dock , the estimated quantity of cast-iron is no less than seven thousand tons . The Misses Porter married to Col Piwcett and Lieutenant Mnnroare nieces of Miss Jane Porter , author of the " Scottish Chiefs . " The Vice Chancellor has decided , that the trustees of Lord Forbes were safe in lending £ 100 , 000 on Irish landed security . A PROPOSrTiON is made ia the Cork Town Council , that the ralary of the Mayorjshall not in future exceed thrge hundred pounds a year .
Exhorbitant Taxation . —The county cess is so high as sixteen shillings the acre in Corkaguiney , Kmy —half the rent ! ; The Government rum contract , for one hundred thousand # aiJons , half East'and half West India , has been taken at Is . 5 Jd . per gallon . A female CHILD was lately born at Great Wigaton , witn two t « eth , both of which havsj since fallen from the gums . Its mother's name was L ' nes . Either way will do—y Will you have ras Sarah ?" said a young man to a raoviest giri . " No Joan , " said she , but ; ou may have mejif you wilL " The entire assets of a recent baukrupt were nine small children . The creditors acted magnanimously and let him keep them . j The church liturgy is to be introduced into the morning services of the Wesleyan chapel , Fawcet-street , Sunderland . 1 Sunderland .
To TnE List of the magistrates superseded we have farther to add the names of John Matter , Esq ., and Victor Emanuel OFarroll . eU . The Dean and Cuapter of Wells Cathedral have made arrangements fur the th ' orouah repair of this beautiful structure , at an expense' of £ 70 , 000 . The distraints upon ! the Society of Friends this year , chiefly for ecclesiastical purposes , are about £ 10 . 000 . j The Charivari announces that MM . Lafflennais and Lnmartine were each preparing an appeal to France ia favour of Ireland . j So great was the opposition among the venders of vegetables in Sheerness , last week , that green peas were actually offered for sale at three farthings per peck . A LEARNED D 0 CI 0 R iiiis given his opinion that tight facing is a public benefit , inasmuch as it kills all the foolish girls , and leaves the wise ones to grow into women . j
Electioneering Anxiety . "Poor Mr . Smith has fallen down dead of an apoplexy , " said a gentleman on the hasting ? . " Hfl 3 he polled ? " asked one of the candidates . J In the year 1810 , no less than 166 persona lost their lives by coal-pit explosions , within a circuit ol four miles , in the counties of Durham and Northumberland . 1 The Fornham Park Estate belonging te the Duke ef Norfolk , near Bury 1 st . Edmunds , was lately « old for £ 75 550 '; the tii .-iber to be paid for by valuation . Lord John Manners is [ tbe purchaser . Lately , a Worthy Bookseller snd publisher in Paternoster How announced i ^ at , in his shop , " a glass of water , &nd a tract , might be had for nothing 1 " Great numbers availed themsbWes of the temperate offer .
SIR W . HERSCHEL has discovered that nitrate of soda and the hytiro-sulphate of soda , both remarkably bitter substances , produce when mixed together , the sweetest preparation known , j The vegetable market was literally glutted with pea ' s last Saturday , some of which were actually sold at two-pence per pt ? ck ! Good aoimitara fetched no more than sixpence per peck . —Brighton Gazelle . Wonderful Pump—It is said there is a pump on Long Island possessing the surprising power of converting one quart of milk int 4 three pints ! We don't beli v 9 a v ?<> rt ! of it . —Hornet . A French peasant drowned himself the other day , at C&aharaa , inorder that his first-born , as the eldest son of a widow , micht efcaps the conscription which had fatten upon him . j There is a Man so absent that he mistook his wife
fer a pp . ir of hello yfs ; and alleged bis thorough conviction of tho illusion , by her always blowing him up instead of the fire Novel Exportation . —East weefe , Capt . Bouch , of tbu Em era ) a Isle steamer , from Hull to Rotterdam , had on boatd ten donkeys for exportation—to improve the foreign breed , we presume . Irish Cattle . —The fallowing ate the numbers of p i gs , sheep , cattle , and horses imported into Bristol from Ireland during the last six months : —Pigs , 44 , 108 ; . sho ^ p , lbb ; at'le . SIS ; horses , 33 . } Ii is in contemplation by the postmaster-goneral , fco cciusoli < 1 ato the general and twopeDny post-jflices . Tho alteration will expedite jconsiderably the delivery Of letters in London . j The Brighton theatre was broken open and robbed on Tuesday week . The treasury being empty , the thieves only obtained two gold seals and tinpence in coopers .
The Grand Juries of Armagh , Tyrone , and Leitrim , met at tbe Summer Assizes , have unanimously signed petitions against the 'Repeal of the Union . — Banner of Ulster . I Letters from Philadelphia state that Mr . Nicholas Bidale is labouring under an ' alienation of mind . His friends are said to experience j great apprehension as to tho termination of this most dreadful i-mictiou . A novel MODE of advertising for a wife has been adopkd by an inhabitant of Banbury , Oxfordshire : — A D .-igu ^ rrotype portrait of the gentleman is placed in a shop with tha following notice underneath— * Wanted , a femnle companion to the abojve : apply within . " A Significant Sign . —The present workhouse in Sheffield , formerly an extensive cotton mill , is to be considerably enlarged ; thej es t imated expense is £ 10 . 000 , which will be advanced by the Treasury in Exchequer bills , at 4 per cent The loan is to be
repaid by annual instalments , j Upwards of 200 unemployed working men of South Shields have thrown tbemselvus on tho parish , and are cow employed breukiLg stones , and covering the church yard with gravel , at Is . perj day , whilst others have gone into the workhouse , where they receive the food , of the house , and lodgings . —Durham Chronicle . A paragraph has been making the tour of some of the newspapers , to the effect that the army in Ireland amounts to above a 4 , oo& men . f This statement io baaed in error . Our force 3 n tbat country , including all anna and ranks , does not at present eapCMJUO . OOQ men . — United Service Gazette . J ? Sf ( p " Durham Election . —There ue ^ Btfong reasons to believe that tho friends of Mr . [ Purvis intend to petition against the election of Mr . Bright for Durham , on the ground of ^ he intimidation exercised by Lord Londondeny oh his tenants in favour ! of Mr . Bright . Times
. Mortal Bite of an ] adder , —Oq Monday se ' nnight , as a little girl , aged four year * , daughter of James Angrove , a labonrer at Common Moor , neat Red Gate , in the porieh of St . deer , was at play a short distance from her residence , she was bit twice on the hand by an adder , and tbe poor little annW died en the followinglday—West Britain .
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The works of Alfieri have been recently prohibited' by the censorship of Palermo ; and the consent , which had been reluctantly given , Ur the printing of Thiers ' s History of the French Revolution , has been withdrawn . On Tuesday , whilst a * nan , named George Harding , was bathing in the river Avon , near Wiilsbridge , after swimming nearly across the river , he sank . He has left a wife and four small children to lament his iosi , and hia mfa is near her confinement . Longevity . —There are at present seventeen paupers chargeable to the hamlet of Coedfrank , in ihe Neath Uuion , whose united ages amount to 1 , 377 years , the average age of each being 81 . Tha age of the oldest is 102 .
Several thritfy wives , on theecoasion of a recent bank failqre ia Leicestershire , wished to " prove" for notes of the broken bank , which they bad hoarded naknown to their husbands ; but the Commissioner told tDetn . they must aecil their liage lords . " Good Breeding . "—Thomas Hart , beer-seller , HalliweU , christened his twenty-ninth child on Sunday week . . Of that number twenty-five are still alive , and sbou ; d tha prolific nair live a few years , further additions to their family may be expected . THE HOUSE of J . J . Meyer and Co ., of Molhausen , has suspended its payments . It was encaged in the construction of locomotive and other stsam engines . Their debts are said to be 1 , 200 , 080 francs , ore half of which is dae to a banking house at Mulhause : i .
The Dublin Mail Coach to Galw » y , wss upset on Friday wtek , at the bridge of Atblona ; Gipt . Williams , I 3 u « ineer 8 , on his way to Castlebar , to inspect tha barracks , had kis thigh broken , and the driver hod his ankle dislocated . GEORGE THE THIRD AND HORNE TOOKE— " Do JTOtt ever play cards ? " inquired George III . of Horna Td ^ fca . " Please your Majesty , " was the reply , " I am so little acquainted with the court cards , as not to know a king from a knave . . Expense of the Expedition to China . —A Parliamentary return just published , shows , that the sums paid , or to be psid . ob account of t&a war with China , amount to £ 2 , 879 , 873 , of which sum £ 804 , 964 are required to be voted in 1843 44 , as balance due to the East India Company .
A few DATS ago , the gamekeeper of Strowan , west of Crieflf , io company with another keeper , witnessed a woodcock flying with one of its young between its feet far upwards of fifteen yards . Many of our readers may not be aware , that the woodcock ia seldom if ever known to hatch in this climate , At Tyrone assizaa , on Thursday , the parties engaged in the late riot at Carl and , nine at one side and seven on the other , were sentenced to imprisonment fer terms varying from two to , nine months ; in each case the prisoners to find bail to keep tho peace for seven years . The appeal af Vidocq against the sentence of tha Tribunal of Correctional Police , which condemned him to fl * e years imprisonment and five years surveillance , came on before the Court Boyal on Saturday . The court reversed the sentence Vidocq was immediately set at liberty , and was warmly congratulated by his friends .
From the contents of a private letter received from New South Wales , it appears Beaumont Smith , whose name obtained such publicity in connection with the Exchequer bill fraud , is employed as a kind of clerk to tbe superintendent of the Cascade Station , about fifty miles uj > tbe country from Hobart Town . The Railway Magazine says " we are glad to see that the authorities are beginning to move again in the extension of wood pavement . Queen-street , High Holborn , and Bisbopgate-street , have been for about a fortnight begun , snd are proceeding with rapidity on the Metropolitan Wood Pavement Company ' s plan . '' Tobacco Imports —The quantity of tobacco imported from the United Status during the past year , as given in returns just presented to the House of Commons , amounted to 38 , 618 . 012 lbs ., being a decrease of several thousand pounds as compared with tha preceding year .
Father Matiiew in America . — -This great Apostle of Temperance will not be able to visit this country daring the present year . He has , however , notified the Catholic Abbi , ineuce Society of Philadelphia that ho wiil meet them next year . Plenty of work for him here—New Yoi k Herald . Patrick Leary , private of the 69 th , who was arrested on his own confession at New Brunswick , fot the murder of tbe Esv . Mr . Ferguson , at Tlmoleague , in 1832 , has arrived at Cork under escort , and is lodged in the gaol . Ho how denies knowing anything whatsoever of the murder , and represents the whole thing i \ 8 a fabrication . It is stated , ia a late French paper , that an experiment has been tried by some medical gentlemen at Paris , of inflating the lungs of a still-born inf&ut , when , in a few moments , the blood began to circulate , and the child was returned to its parents alive . It is now five months old and doing well .
A woma-N of the commune of Con ^ e-sur-Marne , a few days back , perceiving a wolf in the street of the village where-shc resided ,, did not hesitate to attaefc it , strike it down , and finally master it , though not without receiving several -wounds . A joint cf one of her fingers was bitten off by the animal . Doctor Boardman , of Hartford , America , lost hia life on the 25 th ult , from taking krsoaote for the toothache . A particle of it got into bis throat , and caused such on inflammation as to stop the breathing passage If a regular physician cannot safely take it himself , certainly it is a dangerous article for others to use . The' Earl of Cawdor , Lord Dynever , and the Hon . Colons ! Qeorge Riea Trevor , M . P ., and most of the gentry of Jsoufn Wales , have , in consequence of the Rebeccaite disturbances , determined to build barracks at Carmarthen for the military , by public subscription , to add to the security of that district .
Marie Bari , a French woman , was convicted at the Mansioa-houae of having smuggled a large quantity of cigars from an Osteud ateamer . She carried them in a most ingeniously contrived petticoat , which ahe completely padded with cigars , and yet created no difipTe * portion in the figure of the wearer . She was fined £ 100 , aud sent to prison in default of payment . Two oMhe principal thoroughfares in Belfast have been lately paved with cylindrical blocks of wood sunk into tte ground perpendicularly . The pavement is at present as level as a drawing-room floor , and the various vehicles which are continually passing over it do not . create much more noise than they would produce upon a bowling green .
Rock Salt is more abundant in Cheshire than in any part of Great Britain , where the deposits lie along the . line of tiio valley of the river Weaver , in small patches , about Northwich . The saltjwas accidently discovered in the year 1670 , in sinking a coal pit at Marbury , about a mile from Northwieh ; about 60 , 000 tons are annually taken from the pits in the vicinity of tha town . Sad complaints are made in Switzerland of the destruction caused by the ove > flowing of small rivers . On the evening of the 13 th , the Saane , by Freiburg ,
suddenly left Us channel , as though sluices had been uut : xpectedly opened . The rivulpt Sermeifes become a mighty stream ; in summer it is often dry , but the water has now reached a height of twenty feet , and is a Jflusket-sbot across . Something Unusual . —Among the things worthy of particular notice connected with Father Mathew ' s visit to Manchester is tbe fact , that en Wednesday morning week twenty professional gentlemen , all from Bury , took the pledge before the Rev . gentleman . In the number is included lawyers , clergymen , and 8 uroeoas .
Cockroaches —To destroy thsse , mix one ounce of arsenic with four ounces of tallow , and melt them together iu . an earthen pipkin . When thoroughly Incorporated by stirring , and partially cooled , small pieces of wood should be dipped in the mixture , which will form a coating over tbe wood . If these pieces of wood are placed in those ports of your kitchen which the cockroaches frequent , they will attack them greedily , and perish Doctor Lucas . —This celebrated Irishman , having , af tsr a very sharp cont est , carried the election as a representative iu Parliament for the city of Dublin , was met a few days after by a lady , whose whole family was very warm in the interests of tbe unsuccessful candidate . " Well Doctor , " sajs she , " I find ycu have gained the election V " Yes , Madam . " " No wonder . Sir , " all the blackgsrds voted for you . " " No , Madam , your two sons did not , '' replied the Doctor .
A Natural Check-string . —It is well known that Lord Monboddo averred that men were originally born with tails , but they had worn them off with sitting on them . In a . disquiaisinn aa to " what use tails could by any possibility have been to any body , "Oh yes /' said a lady , with great naivette , " they would have been good things for coachmen , as > hey would serve fer checS strings . " ¦ , . . In consequence of the dearth with which the Prussian Rhenish provinces arejffltcted , the King o « Pnwai * has ordered barges laden with corn and flout to fee aent from Treves np the flbine , fhe Moaeile , and the Sarre , and to deliver supplies at every village . The inhabitants having a ticket from the magistrates ate allowed to take as much as they want , on flngftging to return the same quantity after the harvest
Light Sovereigns . —It has been discovered , that a considerable number of light sovereigns and half sovereigns have been making their appearance in the metropolis for the last few montb . 8 ; and It is ascertained , that the bullion dealers and Jews in Paris , Rotterdam , Hamburg , and other parts of the continent , have been re-exporting to this country all the light gold they have bad in exchange during and since the panic . BRniSH Museum . —The number of ? : persons admitted to view the general collections during the past yea * amounted to 547 , 718 , being an increase over the previous year of 228 344 j and the number of visits made to the reading-iooms for the purpose of study or research was 71 , 706 , being an increase over the cotresponding year of 2 , 403 . The number of visits by artists and students to the galleries of sculpture has been 6 , 627 , and the number of visits to the print-room 8 , 781 .
John- Woods , the Uveiyrstablekeeper of Londonwall , and who has a country-house at 14 , Bath-street , Palston , was lost week fln « d ten shillings for brutally ill-using a poor mrkhonse girl yrbo was in his service , by tying her up to the manger , and beating her with * baiter . The Magistrate at first inflicted a fine of £ b , but reduced it , on the defendant' s consenting to give tbe girl £ 3 aB compensation lot the injury he had in * flirted .
Untitled Article
THE NORTHERN STAR j j »_
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Aug. 5, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct813/page/3/
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