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- . . r . ^ ^ .-.--...- . 1 — . — 'j.i — , . 1— --. -—... ,.— --., 1— 1 i j MARKET INTELLIGENCE. ' ¦ 'I
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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TREES . like the latest left of the battle spears , In their ancient strength they stand ; And Hrey tell us stall ol ftie sylvan years When the forests filled the laud j Ere ever a banter trse&'d the vrood , Or mariiier plongh'd the seas , Bat the Isles > ere green in the sslitnde Of these old primeval Trees . * They have survived the Druid ' s faith , And the Roman Eagle ' s fall , And the thrilling blast of the bugle ' s breath Prom the Gorman ' s knightly-hall ; Bnt the son shinea bright , and the showers descend . And th& wild bird ' s home is made , Where the ancient giants still extend Toe green of their summer shade .
We have seen onr early Winters hong Their j > earis on each leafless bongh , And jrreited the buds or the waking Spring With a joy -we knowjootbow ; For life bath its -srinters cold and hoar , Bnt their frosts can form bo gem ; And thfc Spring may breathe on onr hearts no more , Sat it still returns to them . They are waving o'er onr hamlet roofs , They are bending o'er our deai , Ana tie odours breathed from his native groves On the exile's heart they shed ; lite him Trbogsz ? d on bis country's palm , By the palace-carded Seine , * 321 the Pagod rose in the wanderer ' s dream ,-And the Ganges rolled wain .
Bow sweet in oar childhood ' s ear they spoke , Tat -we faie-ir their -voices well , When far in our western tills they woie , ¦ Of the coming Spring to tell ; Bnt now they send us a sadder Bound , On the wind of Ant&mn eyes , For it murmurs of wisdom more profound , But it tells of withered leaves . O , such "were the Bryad tones that rose In the Grecian woods of old , And the voice from the T ^^ mi wilderness , Taat the conqueror's fate foretold ; 3 Eoi many a minstrel ' s dream haA birth In the « oxma » of leaf and breegs , And the sarly oracles of earth , Were the old complaining Trees . FSiSCXS BB . 0 W 3
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AMERICA TO 32 X&LAXD . BY THX LATE TTaSHISGTOS ALSTON AD bail l thon noble land , Onr iatfeera' native soil ! O stretch thy mighty land , Gisrantit grown by toil , - Oit the vast Atlantic wave to « n ? shore ; Foi Jhoa , with magic might , Canst reach to where the light Of Pfccebus travels bright The woria o ' er .
The genius of our dime , From Mb pine-embattled steep , Shall hail the great snolime , While the tritons of the deep With Ikelr conch the kindred league shall proclaim Then , let the world combine , O ' er the main our naval liae Xike the mil £ y-W 3 y * T >«> n shine Bright in fame J Though ages long bavB passed Since onr fathers left their home , Their pilot but the blast , O'er "uatravelled seas to roam , Ttt lives the blood of England in ccr veins . ' And shall we rot proclaim That blood of honest fame , Wbieb no tyranny can tame To its chains ?
Tveub the Jangnagexrae and bold ' WMch the bard of Avon sung , In which our ililton told How the vault of heav ' n rung , Wien Satan , blasted , If 31 with his host ; While this , with reverence meet , Tea thousand echoes greet , And from rock to rock repeat Hound onr coast ; While tfes manners , while the arts , That moukl a nation ' s soul , Still cling around our hearts , Between let oceans roll , Oar bright communion breaking with the Bun Tet still from either beach , The voice of BooS shall reach , 31 ore audible than speech" We are ase . "
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ASETON-UMBSB-LTKE . —The strike which look place here some weeks since has at length terminated—the masters having aceeeded to the claims of the men of four different firms ; and at one of the £ rm 3 , namely , Messrs . Hall and Co _ , of Cuxrierlane . all tae-weekly hanfe have bees advanced ten per cent , in their wages , withont the masters even bz \ n * asked to do bo . The spnmers ' and rovers of the saice firm hare also been advanced ten per cent ., » ad every obnoxious jnle abolished in the ilflL There srs some other firms yet , who 3 re sxill below the list pahKshed by the men , but there is -everyreason to ielieve that they will accede to the request of the men without allowing them to rtrike .
Sheffield—Attempt to blow vt xhb Gxobe "Wobxs , c ? Misses . Jbbexsos , Shales Moob . —On Saturday night , about ten minutes past twelve o ' clock , the inhabitants of Shales iloor , were thrown into a state of great alarm by a tremenduons explorfon at the premises of the Messrs . Ibbeison , extensive cutlers and Sle manufacturers . On arrival £ tthe fpot , the smoke and the resinous Emell was truly intolerable . The amount of damage could Dot be Will ascertained \ but en visiting it the next morning , it was evident thai but for the = irong nature of the buDding , the destruction would haTe been very great . = Ehe premises are extensive , the front , consisting of
two wings and a centre ( which 13 used for a dwelling ) isbiclt of massy stone work ; and the left wing is the pri-cipal -warehoa ? e . By the cellar underneath this , it appears , the entrance was made ; a 3 thfire were found in the window a knife , seme matches , and a pan of a gas pipe , sappos&d to be plugged , and £ ilcd with combustible maiermla . The winduire and frames of ihe cellar , and ihe iron stanchion-, were blown to atoms ; and pieces blown ont of the EoHd stone as if it had been blasted ; the whole of thewincow 3 and the frames of the left wing were likewise destroyed , and great figures are visible in the stone worl ^ ivherelhe explosion had forced away Jhe ctmeat . In the dwelling part the shock must have
been tremendous ; as several panes were shakpn out . la the interior the damage is much less than might he Expected ; ¦ & portion of the Sooring of the file Warehouse , and the passage leading to the cutler ' s shop , has been blown up ; bnt the amount of damage ass not yet Dten asccrisiEed . There Is no suspicion , cor aaj clae to the perpetrators ai present . The cacie of the attempt seems to be a mystery , although ramoTir airribntes it to the oe"inm that attaches . jo llr . llbeipoa as an employer . He is a leading man among : he iltibodiits , and the great gun of ihe "freebooter ^ " ~ . his tvorks ir a relnge for all vuilaici , or E £ n who wiil not join the Union ; and wJio are workisg coiisiderably nnder the general prices of thetown li is sidd too that he took advantage of tbe laie
depression aiid "jvfni to ihe Board of Guardians , and caused men vrho were receipeg parish relief lo bn compelled to work for his prices or perish for want , Several of his -jrorfanen ( Sle cutters ) of late iave had their "mndows broken . One thag is certain , iad it is as lamentable a 3 it is tree , that among the ir-0 E 33 nds who visited the scene of destruction , all leaned to rejoice . Ho regret , except that the devasiafitB tves not complete—or , to u £ e their own expressioa , *• ihat it was a pity that the whole concern " * r as r .. t bloira over the church , " which is at the Cier rice of the road . What a state of society to ** , t > aen such is the feeling of wcikmea toirards thtir tmp ' oyers .
A ? othui " Blowisg tp . "— On Fji ^ ay week , the hsrifc ^ -sg ii ) Op oj 2 >} j . PadgiD , saw manufacturer , w B oKard-street , -was blovrn up in the followin g ^^ « J : —A large piece of iro n piping , of two-inch r ??\ *¦ « plugged securely at boih ends , and the sp ecie fiii&c -with gunpowder : a hole was drilled in S ? « re , through which the powder was fired . j ^ iEs&ance waa so great tha t the explosion was rnrf , •?*• lie pips was rent to pieces , and the oftpJl- ^ ^ P 3 >» dj blown off , and -the place juT ! Binch injured . There is no clue as yet to "fpwaes engaged in the transaction . Ite * Cosxqs Bxadk — " Cast Steel " . —On Ma
ciasp ^ gi 5 tra . te 3 to answer an information for g ^ j ^ i o ^ oes of ccmoon steel to be marked " cast Ur P , t 7 ' ^ ' 2 son appeared for the prosecntion ; i It ' i Jrf *? * and Mr . Boole for the defence , i i > lsfefhf ^ l hai eighteen oozsn of knifejj ^^^ a been seized ( having been fraudulently ] ^ Ki ^ J Mr- Plaice ' s premises , by which he ] aaaftf ^ » Paal ty of ; £ 120 . The inforaa-tion ] ^ BroT ^ ? , ^ S «> d 3 on the premises having fcstv » Vm . v Palfrejm » ii took two objections ^ ^ akisr « t Ml fid * ot to ^ e cognizance of the P ^ mb ot ^ v ? : cculd b e proved that it took Sscond ^ Xf ? Una Me sale to the user . " , ¦ fi te pary ^ r i dereoda M had not the goods for fectnred ^ 5 ^ H As ^ was s seller of manut ^ ihe ^* ' ^ lhe 5 e ^ e ia an nnfiuishedi J ^! " ! ^? /? eJTE ! ed the objection . Jo seph ] fcio ^^™ he parked the goods falsely aad obso ^ XitlL ^ « was by the orders of Jtfr . J 1 re ^ c : s » n-in-. law andmaEager . He '
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was cross-exanjined at great length , and it came ouj that Mr . Pearce , after the breaking of Sanderson a spuriouB goods , in Paradise Square , had given him orders not to mark any more . Several witnesses were called , who proved that Mr . Pearce did not know of ihe goods being sp . marked , and the Magistrates dismissed the case , bat refused Pearce his costs , telling him that he got very well o& , as he had more witnesses than the prosecution and that , as it appeared in the case that great numbers of mannfactsrers were in the habit of marking their goods falsely—if , after that notice , any of them were hronght before ihem , they would have no hesitation in convicting in the highest penalty .
The TiUKEs , —The Type Foindera are still out , the masters having determined to try to starve the men in : bat we are glad to gtato that they are getting tolerably well supported ; and as their case becomes more generally known , the sympathy extends in their behalf . The Iris newspaper takes up their cause warmly , and places their wrongs before th « pnblic in the proper light . The table knife blade makers still continue ont ; many of the matters saying that the advance sought for is more than they can afford to give .
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Suicide . —Mr . Conry , of Atby , in a fit of derangement , hnng himself from a tree near Carl ow . Age op Tkees . —The mahogany tree is fall grown in 200 years . Cypress trees are known to be 800 or 900 years old . iyCExniABTSM . —A few nights ago a hay-rick , the property of Messrs . Malcolmson , ef May field , in the county of Waterford , was burned . Rbb * ctios or Rest , —Thomas Itibbona Barnes , of Tennesse House , Clongb-jordon , Esq ., has made an abatement of fifteen per cent , in the rents to bis tenantry . Railwat News . —A general printing offiee is talked of being established at Derby , for the purpose of printing railway tickets , ticket books , and forms lor all railways .
Op Natcee in Ken . —A man's nature runs either to herbs or weeds ; therefore let him seasonably water the one , and destroy the other . —Bacon . £ Oar P . D . inquires to which class the ladies belong—the herbs « r the weeds ?] Spbixg Agais . —One of the venerable cbesnnfc trees in the Abbey-churchyard at Tewkesbury lately put forth new leaves , and has now a number of fine blossoms upon it . liirEBiSHABLE Bread .- —Mr . Adard , a Frenchman , has discovered a method of preserving ship bread for any length of time . A box of biscuits which had been sealed up for nearly two years , was opened in Liverpool last week , in presence of tae Mayor , and found perfectly good .
The RrLiyG passion . —The Richmond Star states that a woman in that city came so near dying from intemperance , that her friends had a shroud made for her , presuming that she could not live long . Sne , however , recovered ; and the first thing ahe did was to sell the Bhroud for liquor . 3 ICRDEROGS Assault . —A man named Coghlan , in the vicinity of Xorrha , having a dispute with others respecting a bog or turf bank , at Redwood , was beaten so severely aboutth * head , which is fractured , that there are no hopes of his recovery . Moch > - ; fcl Catastrophe . —Lastweek . the men employed at Woodhead , in cutting the tunnel for the Manchester and Sheffield railway , wexe mneh alarmed by the falling-in of some portion of the roof . Three of tbe men were getting supper jost nader the roof , which fell in about two o ' clock at night , and the men were killed on the sdol
" AlaBMLXG SaCBIFICE f—The correspondent of a Liverpool paper states tbat a mercantile firm in Edinburgh haB bnilt a vault for the burial of tbe persons who die in their employ . The house is an extensive drapery establishment Ths W . 4 TEB WITCH . —Lieutenant Stone , R . N ., one of the harbour-masters of the port of London , who recently raised the Apollo , has also succeeded in removing the wreck of the Water Witch . "A Real Blessjxc to Mothers . "— A few days ago tbe wife of Richard Jones , a forgeinan , of Closeley , was safely delivered of four fine children — three boys and one girl—who are all doing welL The poor man is in very indigent circumstances , he having earned only 93 . par week for the last three months .
Stbikixg Pboof of Distress i ^ the Metko-POLIS—A vast number of the pawnbrokers of the Metropolis have recently come to a determination to advance no more money on Manchester goods or women ' s and children ' s wearing apparal , nor upon any perishable articles of domestic furniture , such as looking glasses , articles of vertu , fee . ExPXsnrExrs o : * light M . Brcgaek has announced that he bos completed an apparatus , composed of three mirrors , which cause three successive reflections of the solar light , and are set in motion by a mechanism , which imparts to them the enormous speed of 2000 revolutions per second . The principal object of this instrument is to verify the hypothesis which have been advanced as to the nature of light , and more paiticnlariy the theory of Newton upon its emission , and that of Bnygens , Young , and De Fresnel , on its-undulations—Alhexceum .
Assault . —A few nights ago a man named James Rjaa , Jiving at Bonruea , within s short distance ot Roscrea , was , on his return borne , way-laid by three stranger * , ttho , he supposes , were hired for the purpose ; they beat him in a savage manner and then left ^ 1 * 7 ^* 1-Sxddex Death . —The wife of a captain in the 3 rd R-sgvment of ths iine died in a baib in lbs Rue du Colysee , last week . Tbe attendant , becoming alarmed at the length of time she rtmaind , opened the door , and found be ? a corpse ^—it is supposed from congestion of tbe brain . Alz yon Iove . —Sir Bourchier Palk Wrey , inheritor of Tiwstock Court , Birnstaple , the ancient seat of the family from whom his name and title are der ived , has been united in the holy bands of Wedlock , to . Miss CoJes , the daughter of a labouriag man , who formerly worked , and was the keeper of a lodge , on the Baronet ' s domains .
Mcbdih . —An inquest was held on the body of Michael K ^ Ily , of Foxwooil , barony of Ballintubber . It appears that an altercation had arisen between the deceased and others , and the result was that tbe same party waylaid him in tbe evening , and beat him so dreadfplly as td eanse his death . The verdict of the jury wa 3 wilful murder , and the accused parties have absconded . "O'S-iTCRAi . Scousdbels—Within the last fortnight , the Board of Guardians of St . Marylebone parish have pnblidy cfi = red a reward of two guineas each for the apprehension of no fewer than seventeen fathers of fcmiiies -who have deserted their wives and children . More than 100 individuals have thua become chargeable to Murylebone parish .
The Wite of Coutho >' . —Marie Brunei , formerly ths wife of the too-celebrated member of the National Convention , Couthon , died on tbe 37 th of Stpt , at CJernoEi , aged 7 $ . After the death of Coutbon , a son of whom is now living , she married a M . Charreyre , by whom the fm *» had several children . Tcdge 1—Trace Hohenlohe , of wh » m we beard nothing for some time , is stated in a letter from 1 e 3-prcch , to have performed , by prayer , some new miracles tfcere daring tbe last Bionth . Among the persons stated to bave bttn enred , were the daughter of a Cotn > sellor of tfee Court cf Appsal of the Tyrol , after a painful i ! lne * 3 of three jeurs , and a woman cf fi / tyfivc . who had been for seven years afflicted with
paralyFis-Complimemabt . —Wood Pavemest is Prestos . —The To-wn Council of Preston have det = rminwi on laying down wood pavement in the immediate vicinity of the Tofrn Hall . —[ If certain of cur municipal Solons would only fay iheir heads ioptiher , something of the kind in : i * Lt easily K- accomplished in Larcastcr , wilh&ut cost to tbe rate-payers . ]— Lancaster Guardian . . IhjgKatios . —According to the last reports received by L : ( rutcniut Lyucb , RX-, goversroent emigration agett licie , addressed to tbe Colonial Land and Emigration Commissioners , LondoD , by A . C Buchanan , Etq , government sgem-geEeral for emigration to Canada , at Qufcltc , employment for operatives and labourers continued scarce in the Lower Province , wsd tbe newly arrived emigrants had great difficulty in procuring VQjt .
Death f&oh Absesjc—Samuel Hewlett , about 18 years of ape , in tbe employ of Mr . Edward Shoringbam , of Westacre , Norfolk , waa on TbaiBday fnlly cemmitttd for trial to Norwich Castle , by Sir W . Fo ! ies , cisarged with having administered to Ellen Jtrvis , bis ftllow-servant , at ner own request , a certain quantity of arsenic , vrith tbe intention of proiiucin ? a mifcsrrla ^ s , from tbe tfi " ect 3 of which she died . Thos . Williaiiison was committed as an acc « sory before the fact-Spoeti > 'G Locomotives—No Ies 3 than nine hares Lave t * c . n killed near Oddin ^ ly , within toe last fqjtnigbt , by tbe trainB on the Birmicgham Railway , and on the ffiomiDg of Tuesday week a sbepbard's dog was fouco ! Ijing upon the line dreadfully mutilated , one of its legs and part of its body having been completely severed whtn found in the morning the poor animal was still live , but it was speedily put out of its XDlBCiy * 1
^ . . V-. . — i—SCTTES -WITHOUT Chfhmjtg —A cow , the property of Mr W . Smith , of Whittlesea , has been regularly milked for the last twelve months , bnt during the last thirteen weeks , after standing for two meals as usual , the cream when taken off has changed gradually to hotter without the assistance of a churn of any descripan * other butter at this season of the year . Strange u tb £ n £ y appear , » tt an indisputable tot-Slam / ord 2 b ^ s ^ ssspsstss ttZkxvtt& as&x SSfesjw ^ ssi " - srhen tbe gates were closed .
Populae A ? PiAtiSE .-The people are a irt of ^^ Si -vjajsasaj * &Vti ^* ' 28 S s ^ L ahort-lived bMile of tumultuous 8 pp lauB 8 . j
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ALDE&i'AN Mags ay has been elected by the liverymen of the C'ty as Lord Mayor for tbe emalDg year . What ' s in a Name ?—Hotels and public-houses have a phraseolo ^ ° ' their own . On an iuqaest some years since on the V ^ y cf a gentleman who died suddenly at a London fiotal , one « f the witnesses , Mr . Boots , deposed ihat t ^ e cbambermaid desired him to run for a doctor , as " Num ber Four was in a fit . J" And at one of the suburban tt a-gardens , a waiter , loaded with a tray containing tea ok id muffins for twelve , who observed a bolt before the bL'l waspaid , roared out to his brother attendant " Run , run , Bob ! there ' s two teas and a glass of brandy and w . * ter escaping over the paling ; catch ' em . "
A Cautious and W £ ll-guaei » ei > Aksweb . —In the Registration Court here , the othei" day , a man was called on to appear as a witness , and ceo . W not be found . 6 a Sheriff Monteith asking where he was , a grave , elderiy gentleman rose up , and with much deliberation and emphasis said , "My Lord , he ' s gone / ' " Gone , gonei ( said the Sheriff ) where is he gone ? Where ' s , M ? " # od knows , " replied the commnnicative gentleman , bnt he ' s dead ' . "—Fife Herald . Vegetable Histobt It was about 1595 that we find entered in a household book of the Clifford ' s kept at Sfcipton Castle , in Yorkshire , a sum of eleven shillings " for six cabbages and some caret roots bought at HnlL" These were then imported fromPlanders , from whence . even Queen Catherine , in the reign of Henry VIII ., had her salads . Potatoes and turnips , bo far from belcg a field crop , were not generally known even to the gardener , until the reign of Eliaibetb .
Novel ; SiEAii-SHip—A steam-Ehip , to be named the Janus , has betn laid down at Chatham within tbe last fortnight , and is being pushed forward with unmual activity . Her length between tbe perpendiculars ia 180 feet ,- and her extreme breadth twenty-nine feet four inches . She is to be constructed upon a novel plan . The stem isnd stern are to be exactly alike , and a rudder is to be fitted to each , so that she will be enabled to reverse her course without turning , and she is also to hav « bow-sprits at both stem and stern . It is expected that she will be ready for launching about Christmas next .
A Living Wonder , —Professor Owen had obtained some years ago the fossil fragments of a new Zealand bird , from which he ascertained that the living specimens were sixteen feet high . Since then some foreign vessel , passing neat to a part of the island not yet explored , saw a giant bird of that size really walking on the shore . This is one of the few examples , showing that some of the gigantic species of the antediluvian world are yet in existence . The " dodo , " a bird whose foot is preserved in the British Museum , and which was found alive 2 * 0 years ago at the Isle of France , belongs to this class of geological wonders .
Mental ; Consciousness . —A little boy , nine or ten years of age , was called as a witness at a late trial at Cambridge . After the oath was administered , the Chief Justice , with a view of nscertaining whether the boy was sensible of the nature and importance of as oath ,, addressed him , " Little boy , do you know what you have been doing ? " " Yessir , " the boy replied , " 1 have been keeping pigs for Mi . Bxrayatd . " Goethe . —A new work on Goethe has appeared at Dresden , by Dr . Cares , a cenrt physician of tbat place , entitled " Contributions to a better Understanding of Go « tBe . " It has created a stir among the many admires of the great poet as containing several unpublished letters , and conversations held by him with the author .
EXTRAOSDINART CAPTURE OF A HlGHWAV RoBber . —A man named Britten , who , in the year 1625 , was leader of a gang of ruffians in the county of Somerset ; one of whosa companions was executed at Taunton gaol , in August , 1827 ; ha 3 been arrested at Waltham , in Leicestershire for participation in the crime for which his companion was hung . He had become a horse-dealer , and amassed a considerable sum of money . He will be tried at tbe next Somerset assizes on the capital charge . Diabolical attempt at Assassination . —At the Marlborough-street Police-office , on Monday last , Wilbham Stilson , a native of Berlin , aged thirtyfour yearn , and by trade a ladies'shoemaker , residing at No . 4 , Bentinck-street , Soho , was placed at the bar , before Mr . Long , charged with attempting to murder Mr . i Peter Kotm , of No . 42 , Dean-street ,
Soho , boot and shoe manufacturer by stabbing him with a knife . His victim , who was too severely wounded to appear , bad been taking supper with the prisoner ; they had parted when Stilson stealthily followed Keim , and stabbed him in the left groin . Being seiezd by a policeman , he told him on his way to the Station-house , that he intended to have stabbed Keim in the lower part of the abdomen , and have turned the blade of the knife round in the wound , " so that the wound should have been large enough to let all . his bowels out . " He formerly lodged at Mr . Keim ' s house , and on leaving there , about five weeks ago , some wearing apparel belonging to him was detained as security for rent that was owing ; and from that circumstance he is supposed to have entertained a feeling of revenge towards tbe unfortunate man .
Two Persons Drowned in the River *—About a Quarter before ten on Sunday night , as constable 148 B was on duty near the White House Tavern , Chelsea , a boat passed by towards Vauxhall-bridge , in which was » party Jangbiag and shouting ; presentJy after a splashiDg was heard in the water , followed by the Bhrieks ofa female , and repeated cries of "Help" from different persons . " Boats instantly put off , and in a short time a young man and a female were taken up in a very exhausted state , and conveyed to the Red House , where every attention was paid to them . Two other young men , one the son of a respectable tradesman iw Stangate , Lambeth , had , however , sunk , and both perished . The boat ( a skiff ) was found keel uppermost ; it is supposed to have been upset from contact with a buoy .
Glasgow . —An extensive failnre in the wholesale grocery trade took place here this week . The debts , which we understand are between £ 60 , 000 and £ 80 , 000 are principally due to parties in town . —Glasgow Saturday Post . Ir > qrEsi . —On Saturday evening Mr . Baker hold an inquest at the Duke of Wellington , Canon-street , St . George ' s in-the- £ ast , on the body of Mr . James Flood Beale , aged 25 , a Custom-house officer . It appeared by the evidence of James Robinson , ship keeper on board the Agnes , lying at the South $ bay of the London-docks , that the deceased was doing duty
on board that ship . On Thursday night , about halfpast 30 o ' clock , he quitted the cabin for the purpose of walking on deck . A short time afterwards , witness heard a heavy plunge in tho water , as if somo person had gone overboard . He ran upon deck , and finding tho deceased not there , and the noise of struggling in the water , he threw eut a rope towards the spot whence the noise proceeded , but it being so dark , he could see no one . He raised an alarm , and the police-constable came with the drags , and the body was recovered in about five minutes , and conveyed to the police-station of the Dock , where every means were used to restore animation , but without effect .
The Ploughman of the Fourteenth Ceniury . —The term ploughman did not bear , in the days of Chaucer , exactly the signification it does at present . In the statute of labourers , passed in the year 1350 , tbe following classes are enumerated : Carters , ploughmen , plough-drivers , shepherds , swineherds , and deyes . Of these , it seems , that the two first , carters and ploughmen , were not merely labourers , but also men of some liUle capital . In the " parliament of Fowles , " the expression , " the carter dremeth how his cartes gone , " seems to imply that tho carts were his own property . But Uhe ;
ploughman of Chaucer , the brother of the Personne , paid tithes ; and the very fact of his engaging in the gay expedition , riding on his own mare , shows that he was an independent man . He answers , therefore , rather to the small renting farmer of our days than to the labourer ; the chief difference being , that he paid his rent in occasional service instead of money , and cultivated his farm chi ; fly with the assistance of hi 3 family , or with a very few of the lower classes of labourers entirely dependant upon him , and perhaps making a part of his family . —Hippisley on Early English Literature .
CHOBCH-YAfiDS . —There is one reflection which is certain to obtrude itself on our minds , while roaming through the silent foot-paths of a cb . urch-yard , viz .: — " The brevity of human existcace . " But when we properly look into the subject , we must confess that the limits of out career depend in a great degree upon ourselyes , If we were all to copy the example of Parr , and avail ourselves of his sovereign remedy , we should soon behold a decided change , and instead often , " "twenty , " " thirty , " "forty , " and "fifty " yoars being inscribed on the tombstones , we should find the average years of maHkind one hundred years of age at least . How desirable a change !
A Real"Snablt Yow . "—A person of Plymouth having a dog which frequently bit him , he determined on ridding himself of it , and therefore gave it away to some dog-fightingahoemakers . who kept it in such a state of starvation , that the poor thing would of ten return to an inn , kept by a friend of its late master , for the purpose of procuring food . At length it was agreed by the original owner and an acquaintance , on witnessing the cadaverous state of the dog , to put it ont of its misery . For this purpose they proceeded to hang it to a tree , on a moonlight night ; and , to do the deed more effectually , one of the executioners ( a very heavy man ) , euspeaded himself to his hind legs for Borne seconds ; after
rhich it was cut down , aad dragged a longdistance ? a heap of stable dang , wherein ft large hole was og , and it was buried . Incredible , however , as it lay appear , the dog was found next day seated at s accustomed place at the inn , to the amazement of dose who bad tbe night before been its gravejakers 1 M Spring" had walked into the inn , and egan licking and playing about the landlord , as rashis practice when in search of food , the reatoraion of life in the animal having been occasioned by be warmth of the dnng-beap / Better fare is now i prospect for the poor brute ; for the pleasure the artiea felt in acting as han gmen is now changed > a delight ia stteariing to its comforts . — IT est irilon .
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Look on that Picture . " —On Sunday night a poor woman named Maria Hood , livijig with her husband and family in Cross-street , Shadwell-mar-^ et , committed suicide by swallowing a lari ? e quantity of oxalic acid , which she had procured in the C « f- ° l the 8 \ mo % » ' « chemist ' s shop in Rat-- « « P " ^; L Jt aPPears ihat the deceased , who was the mother of five children , had Jately been subject to ms of despondency , on account of the poverty of herself and family . And on this I-Tfae Grand Duke Michel arrived at Blackball on Sunday morning , oa a visit to this country . The Grand Dake is the brother of the M « " » Peror of all th * Ruffians ; " and like all other royal pests , " is of course to be entertained bv " our
gracious Weep , " at : the country's expense . The Court newsman says , " Banquets upon a splendid scaie , and , indeed , _ equal in gorgeous magnificence to the grand entertainments given by tho Sovereign to celebrate the ohnsteniag of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales , will be given by bor Majesty during the visit of his Imperial Highness , who , it is expected will remain at-the Castle until Friday next . There ! what does it matter if Maria Hood , living m the un-aristooratic region of Shadwell—a portion of "the Queen ' s" metropolis she never heard tell of m all likelihood—takes the Rateliff highway chemist ' s ; oxalioacid , " because she sees no way of proounng bread for her children ; what does it matter , if this Grand Duke can be banquetted at the cost of the nation ?
Thb Parliament . — -At the Privy Council , hoJden on Monday , it was ordered that the Parliament should bo further prorogued until Thursday , the 14 th day of November . . Attempt to escape from Stirling Castle . — - Death of a Soldier . —Between Wednesday evening and Thursday morning , one ot the soldiers of the 68 th , named Edward Clare , attempted to escape from the Castle by leaping over the wall at that most precipitous part of the rook , nearly 100 feet in perpendicular height , named the " Lady's-look-out . " This rash act , which is supposed to have been committed while in a state of intoxication , was not observed ; but in the inorning , on some of the men looking over the parapet , his lifeless body , shockingly mutilated , was discovered lying on the ground near the walk .
Leicester—On Monday last , Mr . Thornton , late relieving officer of the Leicester Board of Guardians , tvas committed to the house of correction for three months with the addition Of hard la hour , for having embezzled the funds that ought to have been appropriated to the relief of the poor . Thornton's name has become the synonyme of tyranny and cruelty . He has gone to endure an incarceration , the punishment and rigour » f which few will pray or petition to mitigate . Truly the wicked has fallen into his own snare .
Fatal Accibent . —As Mr . Crawford , brother of Captain Crawford , of Lisburn , in the county Down , was driving in a gig from Baubridge to Newry to spend some time with his friends , the horse ran away , in consequence of a dog of the bull species tied to the axletree biting the horse's heels . The unfortunate gentleman jumped out of the gig , and alighting oa his head was killed instantly . Mr . Crawford ' s servant , who accompanied him in the gig , retained his position for some time after this catastrophe , when the horse fell and was killed . The gig was shattered , and the servant so seriously hurt that ,: there are but slight hopes entertained of his
recovery . Antiquities . —A valuable discovery of objeots of antiquity has just been made by M . Bouteral , inspector of rivers and forests in the crown forest of Cornouet ( Finisterre ) , not far from the chateau of that name , which is now ; in ruins . After removing a large mass of earth of a tumular form , and a large Btone beneath it , a tomb was discovered in perfect preservation . It was formed of slabs cemented together wuh a wax-like substance , which , on exposure to the air , acquired the hardness of stone . In the tomb were found a massive gold chain , about nineteen feet in length , the links of which were round , and six in number ; six small arrows , formed of transparent flint ; three lance-heads , one of which waa of solid silver , about eighteen inches is length , and a sword . Some remnants of ashoa and baked earth were also remarked on the slabs . It is supposed to have been the burial place of some distinguished Gaulic chief .
Disease and Mortalut amongst the Cattle . — Daring the last few weeks a dreadful disease , which in many cases proved fatal , showed itself amongst the horned cattle of the metropolitan cowkcepers , which has compelled them to sell at a mere nominal price eome of their best milch ^ cows . Thus one dairyman has lost eight , another thirty , and a third seventy head of cattle , while others have experienced similar losses in proportion to the number they possessed . The disease is as sudden as it is sometimes fatal ; as in many instances the poor animals have dropped d » ad without any previous marked symptoms of the malady , which has proved a seriou , arid in many cases an irretrievable , loss to the owners . The disease amongst the cattle is attributable , in a great degree , to the close badly-ventilated places ia which they ate shedded .
An pur-and out Liberal . —A person named Duff , residing in Pultney Town , described as a renovator of old clothes , appealed against a charge made by the assessor for a dog , alleged to be kept by him . Ho was asked by the . board if ho did not keep a dog ; ** Keop a dog" indignantly exclaimed Mi . Duff ; ;• " No 1 d'ye think I'd keep a dag to support the present ministry ! I should think not 3 " ( Roars of laughter . ) The assessor not being able to rebut the statement of Mr . Duff , the appeal was sustained on reference to his oath . —Brighton Ga-Zr - tte .
Effects of Middle Class Despotism— -The Gazette des Tribunaux contains a long and wellwritten article upon mendicity in France . It states that the charitable asylums , established in all the cities and towns for the relief and reception of the houseless poor , are not nearly sufficient , and that unfortunate persons are now compelled to "imitate tho beggars in England , " and break windows or lamps to be sent to prison . " To punish a man who is hungry , " says the Gaze tie , " and who cannot find work , —to give him an asylum only when he has been forced to commit a crime—this is tho last act of modern civilization . " The Gazette is indignant that in countries vaunting their enlightened ideas , mendicity should be construed into a crime , and that prisons , instead of hospitals , should await those who are driven to a sort of mental desperation .
Natural Curiosity . —There is at present growing on Richard Mortimer's ground ( nurseryman , ) George-street , Paramatta , a grapo vine that extends more than eight roods in length , and completely covers a verandah of upwards of 550 square feet ; it also covers one side and two ends of a bouse , about 200 square feet , and is computed to bear about 5 , 000 bunches of grapes , which at a very low calculation , will weigh upwardg of a ton . His Excellency Sir Maurice O'Connell and staff , as well as many other respectable and intelligent persons , have inspected the vine , and expressed the greatest astonishment on beholding the vast quantity of its fruit . Ladies and gentlemen visiting Paramatta duriug the present season aro respectfully invited to call and judge for themselves . There are also several other productions worthy attention of tho curious in this branch of gardening . —Sydney Herald .
Oppressed Condition of the London and Sheffield Tvpe-founders . —At a meeting of Trades ' Dalegatss , held at tho Craven Head , Drury Lane , on Thursday evening Sept . 28 th . Mr . North , the Secretary , read an account of the sums contributed towards the suppport of the Typo-founders during thetr nine weeks strike , which-amounted to £ 211 7 » . and included contributions from tho following trades : —Cigar-maker 8 , 2 d ., £ 4 lo ^ . od . ; Silversmiths , £ 5133 101 . ; Music-printers , £ 173 . Gd . ; Pressmen , £ 4 10 s . ; Carvers and Gilders £ 5 : Independent Carp nters ,
, £ 3 ; Enfcineera , £ 8 ; upwards of £ 100 from tho Founderies , and other donations from the Teetotallers , Ladies ' -shoemakers , &c . From a paper oxliibited by the Secret&ry , it was proved that from " minikeu" to " pica" t ); e masters had redaced the wages of the men 35 per cent . ; thxt from "English" to " canon " and " fivo-line" work , they had made a reduction of 50 and 75 per cent . ; and that' the wages for fancy and figure : work had been reduced 35 per cent . It further appeared that there were in London 90 , and in Shtffisid 80 men on the strike . One of the men on
strike produced a portion of a newspaper containing a statement relative to Mr . Wilson haviug sent round to' : the masters two lists of reduced wages , which Mr . Wiison , in his ( the man's ) presence , not only denied , but also wrote across the statement the words IV It is a lie- " Messrs . Barbarie Dodd , Fredericks , Thompson , Parsons , and others , addressed the meeting at grsat Iengvh , and gave a most heartrending accoun * . of the tyranny of the employers , and of the sufferings of the men . From those addresses it appeared that during the nine weeks of the men ' s strike they have not had more than 3 s . a-week each man for his support , and that of his family . Tnat many were obliged to walk the streets , their goods having been Stized for rent , and that others were compelled to steal away their furniture to
prevent it being seized and eold . : When they appnea at the workhouses for relief , assistance was denied , as their masters , who were Poor Law Guardians , had been at the workhouse before them , and by tncir representations prevented their being relieved , in consequence of their wretched , starved condition a few were compelled to rat * and succumb to . their masters , but there were at least 100 men fully resolved to resist to the death the tyranny of tbeir masters . Other representations o £ the speakers showed that the turn-outa were completely reduced to starvations Doint . and that unless assiste d by the
other trades they would be compelled to yield to tne rapacity of the "masters , who were makin g cent , per cent , by their labour , while they were ro bbing tuem by uncalled for , and unexpected reductions , aenounced by : even the very printers , who declared that they made nothing by such reductions . Wucn desultory conversation followed the speeches , which resulted in a general and unqualified resolve ot tee trades to support the type-Founders . After wnicn the meeting adjourned , :
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Interment ; of the Late Sib Mathew Wood — Oa Saturday , ev « ning the remains of tea deceased were removed from Matsou , near Gloucester , theseat of Dr . Maddy . to the family residence aS Hatherley , a distance of about fi ? e miles . Every thing was C 0 Qd ucted with the greatest privacy , directions to Wiat effect hanug been left in writing by the deceased , ihe inscription on tha coffin was simply : — " Mathew Wood , Baronet , i' « fi * rn June 2 , 1768 , " ped September 25 , J 843 . "
At ten o clock jon Monday morning week , a hearse drawn by four horses , and followed by three mourning carriages , containing the relatives of the deceased baronet , left the mansion house , and proceeded to the parish church ] of Hatherley , a distance of half a mile , where the interment was to take place . The body was followed by the present baronet * the Rev . Sir John Page WOod , rector of St . Peter's , Cornnill , as chief mourner . The deceased ' s two other sons , Mr . Western Wood and Mr . W . P . Wood , together with his two brothersand Dr .
, Maddy and Mr . C . Stevens , his sons-in-law , attended the chief mourner . The family physician and solicitor , and Dr . Evans , of Gloucester , were also-present . Hatherley is part of the property which the late Sir Mathew inherited from Mr . James Wood , the banker . He occupied it previous to the death of the miser , in the full assurance that it woald be hi 3 on his death . The property formerly belonged to Mr . T . Turner , banker , who paid £ 80 , 000 for it ; bufr it is understood that Mr . James Wood purchased it for little more than half that sum .
Charge of Poisoning a Wife to pbocvbb Abortion . —At Worship Street Police Court , on Thursday , Sept . 28 thi William Haynea , a respectable oil and colourmaniin Martha-street , Hygerstone . was brought up , charged with the above offence . From the evidence of a surgeon , it appeared that tb 6 prisoner had , upon several occasions within the previous fortnight , jgiven his wife doses of sulphate of potass , which he had administered in quantities a 3 large as two ounces at a time , with the view of making her misparry . She had taken two ounces at ten o'clock on i Wednesday night ; which excited sickness ia a terrible degree ; she gradually sank under its effects till three o ' clock on Thursday morning , when j she expired . Woods , the officer , produced one of those disgusting and pernicious
works , pretending to be founded on medical experience , giving instiaotiona to newly-married people as to what measures they should take to avoid the increase and burden of a family , and in which publication the veryjdoseB administered by the prisoner to his unfortunate wife were specified . This book the officer found in a drawer in the prisoner ' s house . The prisoner was remanded for a week , to await the result of the coroner ' s inquest and post mortem examination . —At the adjourned inquest on the body of Mary Haynea , who is alleged to have died from the effects of a large quantity of sulphate of potass , administered by her husband for the purpose of procuring abortion , a verdict of " Wilful murder " was returned by the Jury against the husband , Wm > Haynes ; and theiCoroner issued his warrant for his committal to Newgate .
Disastrous Shipwbecks and Loss of Life . — Information was ] received at Lloyd ' s Coffee-house ou Monday of the ! loss of the undermentioned vessels at sea : —The schojoner Priiicess Augusta of Lunenburg , during very rough weather , capsized , at about fifty miles west of ! Cape Sable . The crew , consisting of five persons , being excellent swimmers , succeeded in regaining the wreck , but , owing to the increasing fury of the waves , they were again , washed overboard . One of the crew , a young man named James Sponagle , was the : only person who was saved , and he succeeded ia lashing himself to the wreck with a rope , and thus saved bis life . The schooner Margaret , of Gloucester , fortunately passed the wreck in time to save the young man , for he w&b picked up
by the captain of that vessel in a very exhausted Btate , having been ou tho wreck five days without any sustenance . 'The Caledonian ( an American ship ) , during a dreadful storm on the 18 th uh ., &t eight o'clock in the ] evening , whilst on her voagefrom New York for Cette , endeavoured to escape the fury of tho storm by taking shelter in that port , but owing to the violence of the storm was obliged to enter by another way , namely , the small passage , where she struck and lost her rudder , by which she became unmanageable , and after being drifted about for some time , at length struck on the rocks and went to piecos . Fortunately the whole of the crew were saved . The Aire , of North Shields , ¦ afertick on a rock near Bridsand , coast of Norway , whilst on her passage from Archangel to London , on the 7 th
of last month . It appears that the master and crew remained with the vessel two nights , when she was got off the rock with three feet of water in her hold and in a rapidly sinking state , when the Hani . ah More , Captain Blockbarn , from Onega for London , happened to be passing , and took the crew and and master on board . The British schooner Rebecca , Captain Sawyer , whilst on her voyage from Honduras for New Orleans , was wrecked on Tortugas . Tae vessel was entirely lost , and tbe crew and cargo were taken to Key West . The Ellen , Captain Carey , from Halifax for Buctouche , was dragged from her anchors , off Mario Joseph , on the 30 th of August last , ; during very rough weather , and was lost ; the master and crew were fortunately saved , and taken to ( Halifax in the Isabel .
The Canadian Exiles . —By the following notice from tho Kingston Chronicle , of tho 2 nd of Sept ., it would appear that her Majesty ' s Government has abandoned proceedings against Mr . Papineau of a criminal nature , for the part he took in the rebel ' liou : — " Yesterday morning , Mr . Buchanan , QueenJd Counsel , entered a nolli prosequi in the cases of Louis Papineau , Edmund B . O'Callagan , and Thos . Storrow Brown , implicated in the late insurrections in this country . * ' ;
A Bbdtal Punishment . —A private of tbe Scots , Greys underwent the punishment of being flagged at the Barracks Riding School , Ipswich , a few days ' since . It appears the offnee of the man , who is an ; Irishman of tho name of D . ) ghcrty , was threatening ' to shoot his corporal i ; this being the second time of , his uttering the threat . The fortitude with which he received his dreadful punishment was astonishing : ) having received one hundred and forty lashes with-. out a groan or a cry escaping his lips .
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, - ^~ -- ~ ,,, _ , Liverpool Corn Market , Monday , October 2 . —Since this day se'nuiKht we have had a fair supply \ of Irish Wheat and Oatmeal ; of other articles of the trade tho arrivals ; are of light amount . About 2 , 400 quarters of foreign Wheat got up to tbe 17 s , per quarter duty , and were released : the rate of impost is now 18 s ., and on Oats Ia , per quarter . There has been a steady trade in Wheat , and we quote both old and new 2 i . per boshel dearer than at the close of last wepk : fine runs of Irish new red have been sold at 7 s . to 7 s . 31 . ; a little very choice ha 3 brought 7 s . 4 d . per 70 ibs . Sack FJour has met a good demand , at an advance of Is . per 280 lbs . No change in the value of j Oats ; the market has been bare of new , best runsiof which are worth 2 * . 6 d . to 25 . ' 7 d . per 45 ! bs . New Meal 21 a . 6 d . to 223 . per load ; several parcels of old Meal have been taken by the trade at 19 s . to 203 . per 2101 bs . We have no j alteration to report as regards Barley , Beans , or i Peas . A small lot of Irish new Barley has ap peared , the quality good ; it sold at 4 s . 7 d . per j
601 bs , ; Manchester Corn Market , Saturday , Sept 30 . —We have at ; ain to report » n active demand for prime Eiigiish and Iri ^ h Flour throughout the week , and , the suppliesjcominuing extremely scanty , very full prices were Ma ! iz ; d for the few parcels ' whioh appeared . A fair inquiry was likewise experienced for both old and new Oatmeal at our previous qaotaiioas . From Ireland the imports into Liverpool and Runcorojare this week liberal ; whilst those Coastwisj or Foreign are very li / ht . At our market thi 3 morning the business done in Ihe best qualities of Wheat was "at fully the currency of this day se ' nnight ; but inferior met a dull eale and was the turn cheaper . Thel continued ecarcity of choice Flour caused a further improvement in the value of approved marks of Eujjlish and Irish , of 6 d to If . ptr 280 ibs to bo obtained . In cither old or new Oatmeal no change can 1 be noted ; aud for Oats the demand was moderate at about former prices .
London Corn Exchange , Mond ay , Oct . 2 m—Al hough the attendance of buyers was rather numerous , the demand for Wheat was far from bnst However , it may be considered steady , and in [ almost every transaction the prices obtained on Mouday last were maintained by the factors , while a good clearance was effected . \ For selected qaantitea of foreign red and white the sale was steady . Of English Barley malting parcels supported late ££ , but all other kinds had a downward tendency-say of Is per qr . Some difficulty was experienced in supporting last week ' * quotations for Irish Oats Beans , Peas , and Flour , wore quite aadear .
Loddon Shithfield Cattle Market , Monday , Oct 2 nd . —As the supply was considerably more than adequate to meet the wants of the butchers , and the weather uofavourable to slaughtering , we have to report an exceedingly dull trade for beef , at a reduction , in the value of the middling and inferior kinds , of quite 21 per 8 lba . The piimeat Scots , however , which formed tint a limited portion of the receipts , were taken at prices about equal to those obtained on Monday laat , ! or from 3 i 8 d to 3 s lOd per 8 ibs . The demand for all kiuds of sheep was unusually heavy . Prime old downs , from their scarcity , supported fast week ' s currencies ; but the longwoolled Bheep Buffered a ] depression of quite 2 d per 8 ibs , without effecting a clearance . Scarcely any sales took place in stock . { Calves were again lower to-day by 2 d per 81 bs . Prime small porkers at late quotations , in other kiiidsjnothuig doing .
Bohough and Spitalfields —The quantity of potatoes on offer is good , i The demand may be con-Bidered steady , at from £ 3 5 a to £ 0 10 per ton .
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Borough Hop Market . —Taa accounts rospeaiing the produce of tha present year ' s growth of bops continuing unfavourable , the duty has suffered a further decline , it being called , thi 3 morning . only £ 130 , 000 . With inferior new hops we are heavily supplied yet tho demand , for even the most coloury descriptions , in a sluggish state . New Kent pooketg are selling at £ 6 to £ 6 I 63 ; Sussex , £ 5 IO 3 to £ S 63 per owt . Wool Markets . —The demand for English cud Colonial Wool continues steady , at full prices . Th ; e imports in tbe past week have consisted of 267 bales from Bombay ; 76 bales from Seville ; 171 bale 3 from , Hamburgh ; 50 bales from St . Petersburg ; and 1 , 347 balea from Sydney .
Tallow . —The market looks very heavy . Tho large arrivals which have come to hand within tho last ten days have , to some extent , been deferred ia the delivery to be passed off upon contraots deliverable in October as well as the last three months , consequentl y there is a larger quantity to ch&ngQ hands within the first fourteen days of this month ; therefore we anticipate a little reduction . Town . Tallow is 41 s Gd to 42 s nett cash . Richmond Cork Market , Satd-rday Sept . 30 . — We had a large supply of Wheat in our market today , but only thin of other kinds of Grain : —Wheat from 5 i 6 d to 7 s 3 d . Oats 23 4 d to 3 s 6 i . Barley 4 s to 4 s 3 d . Beans 4 s 9 d to 5 s per bushel .
LivERpjoi . Caitle Market . —Monday , Oct . 2 . — We have had a pretty large supply of Cattle at market to day , and a good attendance of buy&a . The price 3 are the same as last week . Beef 4 d . to 5 d . ; Mutton 4 d . to 55 d .
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PUNCH'S LIVES OF EMINENT SOOUNDRELS . SCOUNDREL THE SECOND . —CESAR .. There were several eminent scoundrels of the name of Camr , bat the most distinguished one of them tSL was the first who made it notorious—Cains Julia * Csssar . The reader ia probably a-ware that Julias Cco » ar wes an ancient Roman , who flourished in the century proceeding the Christian aora , and that be baa tae credit of having been a hero of great renown . Julias Ciesar waa a lineal descendant from 2 Bae 2 T iEneaa was a celebrated vagabond , who ran away from Troy , when , having been set on fire by the Greeks , it became too hot to bold him , and squatted , Yankee fashion , in Italy . His depredations in that country and his other surprising adventures , have bsen com * memorated by one Yirgil . Roguery runs in families .
The particulars of CiBjar ' s early life are not known ; bnt , living in classical times , be of course received s classical education . Latin wag his native tongue ; and wa may take it for granted tbat he spoke Greek ; so tbat there can be no doubt that he knew aa much as the greatest scholar in Oxford knows . Ha left bis father ' s house , at the early age of fifteen , to seek bis fortune , like Norval ; but he must have been better off than that young Scotchman . His first step was to enter the clerical profession . He wa 3 made priest of Jupiter ia his Seventeenth year , a tender cge even for a Pagan parson .
Jupiter , however , was not jealous of Mars , so tbat the Reverend Julius Csesar waa at full liberty to go fighting whenever , and as much as , he pleased ; and , without quitting the temple , could at any time go into the army , which , bsing a true Roman , of coarse he dirt . Nor did bis cloth prohibit his practising at the bar , where , at a later period , be distinguished himself highly by defending prisoners ; whereby he got into a geed Old Bailey line of business . While still quite a lad , he showed strong symptoms of ambition—that is to say , of a desire ta get the livs
and liberties of his countrymen into bis own bands ; a propensity which , having always been observed to occa sion rapine , bloodshed , and other inconveniences in a state , procured him ths credit or discredit , of being a dangerous character . Sylla , the Dictator , was aware of this . He had the power of catting off anybody ' s he . d if he thought proper ; and it appears that he thought it very proper to eat off Cse&r ' a . Before be could do that however , it was necessary to catch Cse jar , and accord * ingly he raised a hue and cry after him . The retrospective eye of imagination sees the following handbill extensively posted in the Forum .
•• 1000 Sesterces Reward . " Whereas Ca 1 us Julius Cesar , who stands accused of divers high crimes and misdemeanours against the Commonwealth of Rome , and for ¦ whose apprehension a warrant ha * been issued , has Absconded , by reason -whereof tbe offieer . charged with the execution of such warrant is unable to serve hisu "with the same : This fa to give notice , % bat the above Reward will be paid to any person who will give such information us will lead to the Apprehension of the said
CAIUS JULIETS OSSA . R , immediately on his being taken into custody . The aforesaid Caesar isof middling height , fair , rather slender in person , and has lost some of bis hair . Age xviii , or thereabouts , but looks much older . Eyes dark , nose nations ] . Walks with an erect and stately step , and is proud and imperious in bis bearing . By order of toe Dictator , Quintus Fusees . Writer XX , Suburte . ** But Csear contrived to keep out of Sylla's , thougb not exactly out of barm ' s way ; for , in avoiding him , be
fell , in a manner , into Charybdis—into the hands of pirates . Ha lived among tkese people on the most freeand-easy terms for some time ; and we may suppose tbat their estupany did not much improve his morals . He was detained among , them from having to send home for bis ransom , wbich tney bad fixed at twenty talents . Cceszr , indignant at being prized at that low rate , insisted upon giving them fifty—more fool he , remarks the thinking mind . We should have been glad to buy Cseiar at our price , and to sell him at bis own .
" The pirates , " says Plutarch , " considered mnrdcf as a trifle . " In this sentiment C& ; ar , no doubt , agreed with them . Ha used , in chatting with them , to assure them tbat , when he got oat at their clutches , be would come back and crucify tbeir whole gang . They took this threat for a joke ; but it proved to be no joke , at least to them , for he was as good , or as bad , aa bis word . The ancient Romans had not much notion of joking . Sylla , to compare & Roman candle with a tallow dip , having at length , metaphorically speaking , been snuffed out , Caesar returned tp Borne , intending ( by anticipation ) to play Cromwell or Richard the Third , if neces sary 1 tbat is , to make himself master of everybody , and not to stick at trifles ia so doing .
He commenced operations by a system of wholesale bribery and corruption , which might astonish even a Reformed Parliament . He gave a series of magnificent dinners to the elite ot the patrician circles , and treated the mob to all sorts of plays , games , sights , and spectacles . Having gone thronah several minor offices , Caesar was made Chief Pontiff er Archambug . Next he beeame Pi a tor ( originally a sort of Komin Lord Mayor , ) and then he was sent over to Spain as Governor , to steal for the bentfit of his country . This mission he so effectually discharged , as not only to fill the general coffers , but likewise the pockets of his soldiers—if the Ancient Romans had pockets ; and , last not least , his own also . Tfais was one way , if not a " New" one , to " say Old Dabts . "
It was customary among the Romans to reward ( he most daring and successful thief of the gang which they nationally composed , with the dignity of Consul . Csesar coveted this distinction ; and to help himself thereto , very cleverly made cats' paws of Pompey and Crassus , who were then the most powerful men , and , next to himself , the greatest rogues in Rome : and who were playing the same game , though not such a deep one , eg his own . He particularly took in Pompey , by offering him his daughter Julia ( who was engaged at the time to somebody else ) in marriage . Pompey bit ; and in return got Consr appointed to the government of Gaol , with four legions . Had Caewr been bis schoolmaster , at . d bad he presented him with a bundle of birch twigs , be could not have done a wiser trick . Here was CSBiCt
itting up the trade of a tyrant , and only wanting rhat Pompey supplied him with—tools . Away went Cteisr , at the head of t&sse riscals , to aul , to educate them ia the art of throat-cutting nong the natives ; a d since , in the course of lass than in years , he " took eighteen hundred cities by assault , > n % uered three husdredl nations , and fought pitched ittlea at different times with three millions of men , 3 e million of which he cut in pieces , and made another lllioa prisoaers , " it mast be admitted that he gave lein a pretty good schooling . A fall , true , and parcular account and confession of these atrocities , inusive of his outrages upon this country , has been ft us by himself in his * ' Commentaries . " Thieves are geaerally devoted to a leader who flnda
jem plenty of plunder . &J when , at last , an opening ; Rome was offered for rebellion , and treason seemed kely to look up , of which circumstances Cse < ar thought b to avail himself , bis soldiers gladly followed him , to . tack their own country . He subdued Italy , invaded oma , where ( to their great content , no doubt ) be rob-3 d the treasury ; went and mastered Spain , returned , lade tbe senate resign their authority to him , and then arted after Pompey . In the first engagement between the rival relatives , ompey beat C « iar but in the second and last , Caesar jat Porapey . This little skirmish occurred on tha laics of Pharsalia , whereon Cteaar bad the satisrae on of leaving between seventeen and eighteen thou
tand of his countrymen dead * He then chased Pompey to Egypt , where he foand : hat he had been murdered—rather an agreeable sorprise . He killed a few thousands of people , not worth mentioning , in Egypt , and a great many more in Africa uid Spain , in putting down those troublesome fellows , Cato , Sclpio , Juba , and the young Pompeys . At length be returned in triumph to Rome , whosa population , thanks to himBelf , had been induced from sao . uOO to 150 , 000 . Tn& remainder , to reward him foe all the good he had done , created him perpetual Dictator ; which honour he did notlong e&joy , being assassinated ( March 15 , B / C . 44 , aged 56 ) , in the senate house , by Mesara . Bmtua , Cassias , and Company , certain patriotie gentlemen who envied bis lack .
The character of Canar displayed all that extravagant generosity which those usually exhibit who steal what they got , and that disposition to universal gallantry , for which heroes of lesser note , as Mr . Richard Torpin and Mr . John Sheppard , have been remarkable .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 7, 1843, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct822/page/3/
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