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tpn'gmal €orrt!Spt>t&?nte.
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METROPOLITAN MEETING AT WHITE CONDUIT HOUSE, TO ELECT DELEGATES FOR THE NEW CONVENTION.
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10 MR . O'MALLEY , OF THE DUBLIN CHARTIST ASSOCIATION . jjt D £ AB O'Mallet , —In . my two preceding utses , I have shown that bo far from the Bepeal and ^ Eihe Agitation being strengthened , it has pro-¦» jcTdy lost ground , year after year , from 1833 to tbe «« eiit moment ; and doit , before I come to a consiigajian of the respective prospects of the two count-igs , from their respective modes of advocating the -jjje ef freedom , let me , for ft moment , direct your potion to the new figure placed on the Will of the dd shop— " Compensation for Tenants . "
yov , O'MaUey , mark , " Compensation , for Tenants ;* « sd , observe , that is one of the boons to be gained by Bspeal of the Union , and one which Mr . O'Connell « yi lie always had m ^ eJ" 8 ' ^ ^ hich he never ^ jowed to the people til ] the old painting wanted jgfjeskfof from the dirty acres . j if « ockt » cry of " Oh , glory be to God , " eonpled ^ jjj the persecution of the trades and reckless Toting «*» T of money to rapport a useless set of lumber , hu
opened tie eye * « tlse trades , the artisans , and the loin " * fslt generally , and poor Paddy from Cork ; Enst have value in his own staple for his own money . je ^ jj 0 Tj nothing about Trades Uni ons , supplies , and ¦[ £ & niKnifacnrre ; but he does understand rent ; and jxj qngstisn of rent and compensation being at all menfcojad . and compensation being a word which not one jgmnt in one hundred will understand , the whole -jcjjjaery will be worked upon the single pivot ,
« ient So * , I understand the Irish country people much wja £ an Mr . OConnell does , and the manner in Tfckfc 1 bs& farmers will be tanght to understand this prmjeet is ibis : that they are all to hare the land fgrwtam ? . if they only back Dan . That will be their jj ^ jssjaodinf of the qaestion . gai , bow , let -us consider it as a means to an end . Era , observe , it is to be one of tbe results from Repeal , bet has been prematurely used as a means of profa&Bi tbe RepeaL Here then , again , we come to the
jjusal power , and the parties upon whom it is to be 5 » S—the House of Commons ; and I ask yon , could jis mind of man haTe devised any question more likely to » &j | lit a House of Landlords out of their very wits , Han the very » ne which this " practical" gentleman hi proposed as a means to enlist their support ? Surely is is not » fw > l I but ha-riug asked for petitions t » the Eonse of Commons in favour of Repeal , and haying deuoaacf 3 physical force , he must be a rogue or a mad ma , to create alarm upon the most tender point in the lre& » ts of those Tery persons to whom he appeals .
>' ott , O'HiUey , I will distinctly . show you two facts last , an English Hense of landlords never would Kttdfc to tbe niked propositioB of being compelled t * give compensation ; and , secondly , they nerer will vote fs the establishment of a riTal House in Ireland , one of itose £ rsi acts promises to be a precedent for interissiceTriiinlHsr taaYmg privilege of " doing ufad they Ett jriiA ' Jidr pits . " An English Honse , then , will be frifiteQed by the proposition , while an Irish House of C-ixmons , returned by Faiversal Suffrage , would , I pmtgnri Uz it , rendex the scheme wholly unnecessary ;
md , observe , my friend , by Universal Sufirage alone , tQ Ireland eTer get a Repeal of the Union ; and , as the mostealoss , consistent , and sincere Repealer in Ireland , I ay God forbid she ever should . One aristocracy , and ass court , tai ons oligarchy , and one royal tail is quite earcgh for the united beggars to support . Believe me , thai » a Irish Parliament chosen by a middle elass con-EiteKj vocld hare its mimic Court , its Deputy King , iisn . T&l miniature set in diamonds and precious stones . ¦ JTe bzTB already had » sample , from 17 S 2 t © l&tO , d ths opieity of Irish patriots ia emptying aa excii * 52 £ r .
I tell you , CMalley , that Biily Pitt complained to d cade « f mine , Lord LongueiiUe , and to many other Jesofii , that the devil himself wouldn't Satisfy KQ IriBD Hd&m of Commons wit money and patronage . C * mpenBitioii , then , is a means of impeding Repeal ; Ed Bepeal , with 'UniTersal Suffrage , would render the tasbng unneoeesary . Thereforej O'MaDey , doing Mr . CCaafcU the justice to suppose that he knows what he is iboai , I hare us hesitation in saying that he has pEEiSaely raised this question with the single intention of persuading Ireland that the great strength Tiadi he expects from this new source will justify 6 tUy mal i : «> i » n hare been " practically" marshalled . Is fitt , thit it is another stab in the side of RepeaL
OikBcT , " take this with you , " as we say in Ire-Uid , ttd think otbt it Repeal # f the Union , without rciTasal Suffrage , would be a curse to both countries ; nd I isszra you that if Mr . O'Connell had the casting TKe , ii « wonld , to-morrow , Tote against an Irish Hkk of Common * returned by the people ; and for this EEpk reason—that although Paddy can be hoodwinked to-w by " Sergeant Jackson and Mr . Litton , " " Lord Siak ; &ad old Blue Beard , " and " our beautiful little , tea iitik aayttirr of a Queen , " while be hasn't his eye tpos the shsp ; yet , if he -was in daily communication Tiib til representa'dYe , that genUemsn would haTe to ere » betier account of himself and his progress , th * n < £ & he -ns driTen from his position by a Scotch fanatic S > 3 twx > oranre barristers .
cnizikr , " many a xrnz word is said in jest ; " and , " tJEj-cTasowi , - my friend I > an was nerer more a&t in tii lifs than when he said that " the Kildare hoyt -weuld be up and about tbe house of a fine moma ; ' 11 th thair short sticks , teaching the members ho * w to rote r sna - » ny no » O'Malley ? Our " lovalj young fc ^ " » osld send her red coata , her " bloody backs , " «« links * doodle calls them , down to Kildare in a hrisil » g . to teach the KUdare boys how to pay tithes , * fat , or poor rates , or county rates , or any other 5 tes ; sad why not the Kildare boys use their moral » 4 gd ! to teach their members how to Tote for those ^* questions , and soldier questions ? besides , the MWebnan aTs that " nothing convinces like a lick in ** hf ; sod , in good faith , it has been tbe only feiai » eTer used by ths rich for convincing the poor .
¦ Kd » , o-iiaHey , take my word for it that you will ^ taeneeesEijy of bringing this new force into tbe " » pleaded as an excuse for postponing any discussion 9 « the Repeal question this session . ^ O-ilfiiey , i now ce 3 ie ^ ^^ gj ^ gjj ^ j , yjQ jj ^ a ^ i * of Kdressrog grieTances , with its expences , and - English mode , with its expences . Irskad , Knee Is 22 , has subscribed hundreds of thou-^»_ cf pounds to redress her grievances : she has had J » eatJon after Asswaation , slaughter after slaughter ,-^* » Bithcormac , "WalUitowu , CarricSaaDck , and -aads of cases of angle m&rdera -, shs has hid h « * ~ — —^ ** I ¦ I I jAW * i y 144 »—^»*» j «« K *^ # B * 4 ^ IV ^ Ai ^ Wt * AW *
^ >^ rtJ 1 ! 1 ' ^ ^^ P 6 * mArt 7 a > her election martyrs ; oaa had her clearances , her oostings , her distrain-^« i transportations , her weeping , her wailing , her ^^ 5 cf iseti ; she his had the largest , number M ^^ " patriots" ever sent to any legislative assembly , ^ sy hare had better back than any men have ever *>* A xnty have had their every demand ^ PUf aoaoured , whether for money or signatures—^ ^^ sgs or displays—for excitement or for temi * j » i = r withholding of tithes or paying ^ r a « r mtn have been returned—their j * " * been dignified with titles , and reig wia places . iil ^ men j ^^ ^ jj . jj ^ tke whole , the sole , the only majority of . ^ eafortbe lMt seven years ; therefore , when tbe **« , fe ^ ° QleT liberil Irhh && ** P br&id Mini 8-eeasnre titis upon those who compose the sole *^ rf ^ Ministers . O'MaUey , I ever contended , Hefc-JT * ^ conteBd ' thAt b ^ for 0-Onnell and his ffiatlBj tail , -arbn T « n / 1 «« u 1 all m . ^ i . 1 t nn Ui >
^^ to aecessary , the Whigj would have done ten *>* & * * mOre fo 1 tne ^^^ T to * he would ^^^ - Point out one assault which they have ^^ jxm liberty , and I win undertake to prove JjJ ** * «* Trades' TJnions-O-ConneU ; g ^ of Canada-O-Connen ; j ^ » e Factory CbJIdren—OXWell ; ifiOi t > f ** toe API » opriaUon Clan «—O'ConneU ; ^ Pohce-o-ConneU ; ^ eT 1 ^ Prwecuiion by Attorney-General—O'Con-^ nai Biu ^ o-ConneU ;
Uflryrrja ; *** V VnJUUCU i ^ oaj r ° 20 i TUhe into 25 * " Rent-O'Connell ; W /~ Torie « ™ Boyal Wages-O-Connell ; % » ia . . * 0 DaU MoDey Questions , and on the lo ^^ WWp ^ o-CanndL ^ bite ^ ^ ' P ° iDto nttiandrediof " patriotB " ^ Wtjat PUCeS ' ttae * ' P eMions ; can you ** S « i ootV * iCSle poor mK 1 " * rho hM been c ^ 71-111 « Use national fund fot loases Bustained in
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the national fltra ., 'gle ? 2 ^ ot one aingJe one . Can you point ontthe one single instance in which the farmers , or labouring classes of Ireland have been benefltted ? Not one single one , I defy you . Can you point oul a single martyr who has had his attorney ' s bill of costs paid ? Not one . Can you point out a real working man who has been benefltted , « r at all consulted ? Then , I ask you whether yours has been even-banded , er onesided " patriotism V How much nearer ia Ireland now to the attainment of her promised end , than ahe was in 1832 ? Immeasurably removed from tie winning post , while the
whole period has been spent ia rough-riding and bullying the brave and manly Irish ; in making them listen to the denunciation of men who risked life and liberty in a struggle for their liberty ; in the inculcation ef the damnable doctrine that suffering in this world will lead to happines in the next ; in the establishment of the strongest basis of devD-craf t , king-craft , priest-craft , and witch-craft , namely , that passive obedience , even to unjust authority , becomes a part of a Christian ' s duty . In short , the last ten years , and the next nve years , of Ireland ' s history may be briefly written in the following words : —
" During this period Irish opinion was sold at the Corn Exchange , in Dublin , by samples , just as any other commodity , while the nation was literally tickled into admiration of its own subserviency Ireland , however , as if by magic , appeared stung to the heart by her supineness and degradation , and withone gigantic effort achieved that freedom which no power can long withhold when a whole people wills its accomplishment . This spirit of independence was infused
into drowsy Ireland , by the manly and patrietic exertions ef our forefathers , who , about that time , assumed the name of Chartists , and to whose indomitable courage and perseverance both cooatries owe the present proud and commanding position which they occupy in the estimation of all nations , and to whose justice we are indebted for the mild yet powerful constitution , which renders us great at home and commanding abroad .
" We read , in O'Connor ' s history of the Convention and its consequences , ' of the fact of 431 of those brave men being consigned to felons' prisons at the same time , or periods varying from twelve months tofour years , and many ef them compelled to submit t * a species of labour most degrading , but now unknown . Some , we learn , died in prison , while few recovered the effects of the barbarous treatment to which they were subjected ; the Marqnis of Normanby , who was then principal Secretary of State for the Home Department , —( but who Was subsequently transported for life , )—ha vine issued
instructions for the treatment of Chartist prisoners at variance with the gaol rules then in existence for the worst description of ftlons . We read these facts in ' O'Connor's history of thefConvention , written during an imprisonment of eighteen months , which he suffered in solitary confinement , in a felon ' s cell , in York Castle , " the same in which the Marquis of Normanby , Lord John Russell , and a person of the name of Fox Maule , an under-strapper to the Marquis , were imprisoned in three years after , prior to being removed to the Hulks .
" From this interesting work we also learn the gigantic difficulties with which the Chartists had t » contend , owing to tbe treachery of Borne of their own leaders , which , however , was always successfully overcome by the people themselves , and in every such instance , the traitors' beat exertions failed in again procuring for them the least confidence from the people ; and to this striking fact O"Cunnor ascribes tbe very few desertions from the Chartist ranks ; his words are ^— 'In fact .
when desertion was found to be profitless , like all other trades , it was speedily abandoned . ' The first experiments were made under the impression that the people , like sheep in a fold , would follow the leader who made a successful breach ; but the enemy , finding that they bought a shepherd without a flock , & dog -without a tail , ( as , in no single instance did % deserter take even a companion with him , ) thought they had paid too dear for their whistle , and , therefore , abandoned the pursuit as hopeless . "
1 gire joa the foregoing , my countryman , as a breath from that soul which I hope to leave as a record to rest in the archives of my father-land , when my spirit shall hav * fled to that great ( Jod who has imposed upon me the earthly duty of doing unto others as I think , under similar circumstances , others should do unto me , O'Malley , I look for two lives ; that which I now enjoy to be devoted to the poor , in order to insure for me a rich inheritance hereafter . My friend , the deeds of great men have a wonderful effect upon me ; nor do I require that they should shine through the rust ot many dark ages to recoamend them . I can admire a living Mathew , and the scarcely
cold Doyle , i es , my friend , when I sat in his chair , the host of the Rev . Mr . Rafferty , in the room in which his soul was so often poured out on behalf of his suffering and oppressed countrymen , his spirit commanded me , and for the moment I lost all self-possession . I recollected the imperishable words which he engraved upon every Irish heart , and I swore to obey them . " My haired tithes shall be as lasting as my love of justice , " said the immortal hero , before the House of Peers . had equal pleasure in visiting that which had been the abode of the
immortal Doyle , as I thould have in visiting the retreat of Petrarch at Yaucluse , so endeared by antiquity , and so famed tor the devotion he so long cherished and so sweetly recorded for his I-aura . Petrarch ' s light wa 3 distinguished as a solitary lamp that burns in a dark chamber . Doyle ' s was as a torch , brilliant even in the noon-day sun . Petrarch loved solitude , because it gave bim liberty . Doyle loved liberty , because it would make his country free . If Doyle had lived in the 14 th eentuxy , he would have been a patriot ; if Petrarch had lived in the nineteenth he would have been a SPOONEY .
O'Malley , 1 loek upon Dr . Doyle and the Rsv . Mr . Mathew as two of the greatest patriots Ireland has had for many years . My admiration of Dr . Doyle is founded upon his pure love of liberty ; my admiration of Mathew is founded upon his pure love of justice , and his love of justice is tstabiished by his desire to appeal from Philip Drunk to Philip Sober . If he had attached other conditions than self-possession , selt-exaltaSon , self-esteem , and power of self-defence to Teetotalism , I should have looked upon him as a new quack ; but , having healed the sick that he may use his renewed strength for his own benefit , and walk alone without crutches , I honour him as a great State Physician .
O- ' M&iiey , as an Irishman , you Will pardon all this digression . I am very fond of speaking and thinking of my good countrymen . Well , now , I have disposed of ' tbe question of Compensation , -which the Tenant of Straw is to extract from tha Landlord of Steel ] and , before we pjrt , at this point , just thick , O'Malley , how foolish , how roguish , how rascally , how mischievous to endeavour to persuade the tenantry of an agricultural country , trheire competition for land raises it much beyond its real valne , that any suen power can be acquired from men who , unfortunately , certainly , can " da what they like with theii own . " Now , how foolish , to think that a landlord who can let his land , or let it alone , will be forced to give compensation for any monies expended during the occupation of his tenant . Let us test ita " practicability , " —that ' s the slang word
now . Firstly , then , the very agitation of the question wijl make landlords more exact and tyrannical ; and , secondly , let us see where upon » lasdlord it might operate unjustly . Suppose a poor honest man to have a little property of his own , and suppese a rich man to take a fancy to it , and that the poor man is reconciled to part with it tot a short period fora tempting offer , and / that during his lease , he , the rich tenant , expends so much as to preclude the possibility of the poor man ever re-possessing himself , from his inability to pay the required compensation for baths , or pleasure grounds , or large arming establishment , or so forth .
But , 0 , ny the " patriots , " it shall be defined . I define it by a lease for ever , at a corn rent , which leaves the tenant compensation in his every day ' s labour . If there is any one thin ; in the world more farcical than another , OWaUey , it is that of contracting to pay an equal amount of rent each and every year for ninetynine years , or even twenty-one years , without reference to the price of corn or other produce . In fact , a Leeds clothier may just as well sell a piece of doth , ¦ and say , you shall pay whatever & similar article fetches when I or my executors shall sail for the cash , within ninety-nine years . If Univeral Suffrage was too great a mouthful for the Corn Law Eeptalers to swallow all at once , they
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should , at all events , have protected the existing tenants and their successors against the tyranny of landlords , by making the current corn price tbe standard rent price of land ; but they have not offered the poor tenants any accompanying measure as security against the rapacity of broken-down over-mortgaged landlords , who would hold them to tbe old bargain , as I said before , as long as a goose remained . O'Malley , the expence at which humbug agitation has been kept up in Ireland , requires no comment ; and now I come to a consideration , of English agitation , and its expence .
Every power that is arrayed in favonr of Irish agitation is marshalled in deadly hostility against English agitation ; and the very fact of those powers being composed of tbe mighty , of the wealthy and the privileged because tbe represented of all classes , against the right of the poor and unprivileged because the unrepresented of all classes , would , at once , and without a word in explanation , teat the value of the respective ends Bought by the respective parties . In Ireland you have with you royal toleration , ministerial neutrality , aristocratic support , ru , iddle-elass influence , newspaper pliancy , and the use of a whole population , whenever called upon , no matter if to-day for Repeal as the only thing , and to-morrow for " Down-with Jackson and Litton , " as a still greater thing . Added to this you have the columns of the imperial press for and
against you , the latter being your best friends from their stnpid desire to please advertisers ; but no matter ; . you get , even from the inemy , just what you wantpublicity , while we cannot purchase it at any price . Why is this ? Because IriBh agitation is a blind to secure power in the hands of the aristocracy and middle classes , and which is not therefore dreaded by their organs as likely to poison the public mind ; while English agitation is based upon a principle which must ultimately throw the balance of powe * into the hands of those who are whimsically called " the legitimate source of ali power , " and yet have not even the power of complaining without tb « danger of caercion ; and it is ther « fore only seen in the columns of the press in connection with some violence , outbreak , disgraceful proceeding , and bo forth , all of which is charged on the Chartists , but Bhould be charged on the enemy .
> ow , my friend , what is mostvaluablein apublic man J In Ireland , have we not an old saying , " What is any man but his word ? " Well , then , if , in the private transactions of life , the observance of a promise is a virtue , of how much more value does it become , ( if we can measure virtue by a graduated scale of excellence ) when applied to the public man in whom thousands may repose confidence , and the betrayal of whose word may iead thousands into trouble , disappointment , and error ? In Ireland , since 1835 , you have had scores of Associations , Bcores of principles , scores of details , scores of plans , schemes , and tricks , and to each and all was attached the never-failing thing , called " means under the title , "— " rent" and collection .
In England , the people have had since that time one principle from which they have never budged , through persecution and prosecution , a single hair ' s breadth In England , we have had arrayed againat us all the secondary icflaence of " our beloved and beautiful Queen , " in the shape of a court ; we have had the Lords , the Commons , the Judges , the jurors , the law officers , the middle classes , the army , the navy , the secret service fund , the magistrates , the spies , the informers , the traitors , the real enemies and sham friends , and the imperial press ; all , all against us , with the one solitary exception of the Northern Star .
A ^ ain , we have had the subdivision of those classes into sectional squadrons , advocating the most enticing questions , ia the hope of catching all the people upon some one or other of their many hooks ; and to each and all of which the peop ' e would have subscribed had they been couvinced that the object of the several demagogues was attainable without the great organic change in the representative system for which they lock .
The people object to slavery in every shape ; but , in order to prevent a spurious agitation upon the subject , damaging the means of its complete and entire abolition , they are compelled to bear the namo of lovers of slavery ; so with the Corn Laws , which they mortally hate ; so with knowledge , which they fondly love and greedily search for . Emigration they oppose , because it is force , unjust force , of a people from their fatherland , through degradation brought about by class legislation .
You see four hundred and thirty-one of the seasoned and trusted leaders of the people thrown at once into dungeons , and every device ef which art is master used to supply their pJace with less honest and less zealous men , resisted by substitutes whom necessity has created and supplied , as if by magic , and not a whit leas efficient t&au those who have been removed . Such , then , is our agitation ; a principle , a plain , clear , defined principle , at which no apprenticeship need be served to teach tbe trade . A . falls off to-day—B . supplies his place tomorrow ; while , in Ireland , so mysterious is your trade that , tike away the master
to-day , and to-morrow not a single one , not even a foreman , has been taught how to cut out . Having no principle , you should all » et up toy-shops on your own account . Our work consists of a single dress for nature ' s children , cut out according to nature ' s unerring rules and principles , and which every Chartist worfcman can put together . Yours is a kind of fancy-work , cut out by the great Master of Arts , in zigzag fashioa ; the pieces only given out according to one man ' s will , and none to be put together till all are distributed j and ,
as he alters his fashion according to order , if he died to-morrow , what you have got of your work would but confound you in your progress . In fact , of your Ropeil dresa , after nine yeara , you have got but tbe buttons to your coat—there is neither back , front , nor sleeves ; you have got no trousers to your straps . But your tithe suit is complete ; you have got a five shilling cape thrown over your old twenty-shilling suit ; while of " the rippling stream , the green valleys , the verdant hills , and cloud-capped mountains , " you have got but the landscape .
Irisk agitation , then , has had every thing , and almost every body , in its favour—and has done worse than nothing . English agit « tion has had everybody , and everything , but the very honest opposed to it , —and it has stood the brunt of battle ; its front unmoved , ita flank unturned , its centre undaunted , its reserve undisturbed ; in fact , " the Star and the people , against tbe world in arms ; " and while Irish expeno © for doing mischief has been scores of thousands within the year ; our cause , for the last fifteen months , after defending over three hundred prisoners , supporting their families , and when
our next Contention shall hare been paid , will be short of £ 1 , 0 d 0 ; that ia all the expences since the Monmouth Special Commission . None of our men have been undefended . I , this day , paid for Connsel for Foden , the last of the Chartists , who is to be tried to-morrow , and who , although he means to plead guilty in the hope of mercy , I am resolved shall not be without counsel , Leaving the impression that , although a stray sheep , he has been deserted in the hour of need . He has had his choice , solicitor and counsel ; I offered him two , or as many as he liked , i ) be paid by the Irish traitor in a felon ' s cell .
That ' s the way to make a party , O'Malley . Stand by your poorest nun to ths last . Give what yon can to all and take from none . Let principle be your idol , and man your honourably used means for working it O'Malley , the terms " traitoc" and " patriot" are most whimsically used . I know of no treason , bat treason against the happiness of the people . I know of no patriotism , but love of man and love of justice . If a never ceasing wish , an anxious desire to lee OUT OWE Parliament sitting in our own capital , in our own
kingdom , legislating for ear own people , be treason , then am I a traitor . If fond affection for the land of my birth , preference for that society in which I grew from childhood to manhood , and a longing desire that my bones may rest with them in our common fatherland , be patriotism , then am I a patriot But if my love of the human species would induce me to resist my country in an attempt to forge fetters for herself or others , and to oppose decrees made only for fractions of her people , then am I & philanthropist , which , in my mind , is the highest order of patriotism .
O'Malley , & patriot can seldom be judged during life . He must die for his reward . I believe the signs of patriotism to be a consistent , frugal , honourable life , devoted to your country's cause ; no legacy duty , and a poor funeral . Of all these , I am pretty sure . However , come what will , no man , who has ever lived before me , has ever felt a more sincere desire In the accomplishment of bis principles than I have done
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I would not , so help me Gtod , see a village meeting of Chartists defeated by the enemy for £ 1 , 00 * . I would not impede their cause for untold gold . I would not sell it for my life . I am , O'Malley , Your faithful friend and countryman , FEARGUS O'CONNOR .
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THE CHARTIST TRICKSTERS . TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAB . Sib ., —From the above heading , yoa and your numerous readers , may be led to suppose that I am going to " runa-muck and tilt" at the whole Chartist host If so , you are strangely mistaken : I only use the tenn ' Chartist , " in connection wlththoBe on whose proceedings I intend briefly to animadvert , because the Tricksters have the effrontery to apply it to themselves , or rather retain it , when they have forfeited every particle of claim to thathonourable appellation . ancient
In times it was truly said , " They are not all Israel that are called Israel , " and , with equal truth we can now say , they me not all Chartists who are called Chartists . Hypocrisy , deceit , and treachery are not nonentities in the political world , and it is as necessary to keep a vigilant eye upon our professed friends as upon our avowed enemies , and the public exposure of the acts of false friends is , in my opinion , aa much calculated to subserve onr cause as keeping up an incessant fire on the citadel of corruption . In short , I view those canting , turning , twisting , scheming , tramping noyelty-mongers in the guise of Chartists , as the beat allies of despotism , and I Unhesitatingly pronounce
them ( though not without raueh watchfulness and consideration ) to be spies from the enemy ' s camp . It is dangerous to mince the matter ; we are now in a peculiar position , and , therefore , ngardless of the censure of self-dubbed patriots and too-confiding Chartists , I pronounce the new project propounded by Lovett and others , as the infernal machine , invented by O'Connell , Home , Roebuck and others , of that treacherous tlique , to destroy , if possible , the growing spirit of freedom . But what will be the result ? Why , the machine will burst—Chartism will remain unscathed and the journeymen assasains will meet with their deserts—an ignominious political death .
I have long thought , Sir , that the Chartist tree required a little pruuing . Many excrescences have grown thereon , and perhaps the Infernal machine will very speedily be seen to possess one good property—it may , nay , I verily believe it will , prove a pruning knife , and will lop eff these excrescences , after which the tree will more abundantly nourish to the joy of every sterling patriot , and the chagrin of every idle , spouting pseudo-Chartist The document which has called forth these remarks .
is a tissue of fakehottd , cant , contradiction , arrogance , and wildness ; and it unquestionably smacks very much of jobbing , la addition to ita hurking character . These are so conspicuously engraven on its front as to need no comment whatever , and every working man , with half an eye , will see through the whole affair . It ia too clumsy , in all its ramifications , to meet with the least countenance from the well-trained portion of our army , and this , I suppose , will soon be shown by the associations , generally , entering their protest against both it , its concoctors , and its promoters .
Allow me , Sir , before I conclude to tell your readers , or rather remind them , that ia the spring of 1839 , I attentively watched the Hiovenient in all its parts , and I bad the impudence to insult the People ' s Parliament , by telling that body , to their faces , that there was " not more than eight honest men—nwn « f principle" in that assembly . At that time , and up to the present , I have been pressed to name the men of principle . I refused , because I foresaw that events would give the solution , and more credence would be given to circumstances ,
than to my words . Some of the M . C . ' s are politically dead , the breath went outof them when the pound per day and the three pound ten shillings per week doparted ; others have laboured to retain soft hands and keep the apron off ; . and some have found it profitable to blow tue Russian burn ; however , 1 now ask the real Chartists to examine the accounts , and see how the business stands , and don't forget to note the M . C . ' s who may append their names to the " bran new" plan . After the addition and subtraction , see how many remains . If more than eight—if eight , 1 won't guess
again . Before I lay aside the pen , I must confess my astonishment and sorrow on seeing the name of John Cleave appended to the " New Scheme . " I know him to be upright , and one who has hitherto acted with discretion , at least , so far as I have seen his political Career . I cannot but think he has bsen imposed upon by some wily knave , and ere long , I expect to see him retrace his steps , and pursue the course he has been wont to do . If not , 1 shall be greatly and painfully deceived . Yours truly , WlUIiM RIDXK , Leeds , April 13 th , 1841 .
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( Reported by our London Correspondent . ) On Monday last ( Easter Monday , the 12 th of April ) , a public meeting of the Chartists of the metropolis was held , pursuant to advertisement , in the large theatre of tbe above tavern , to elect Delegates for the approaching sitting of the "Political Prisoners' Release , ami People ' s Charter Convention . " In consequence of a mistake in tbe advertisement calling the meeting , ( the placa of meeting being omitted ) , it was long after tbe appointed hour ( twelve o ' clock ) before the assembly was sufficiently numerous to commence proceedings ; though , between one and two o ' clock , great numbers arrived , and a very full and earnest assembly testified thatdespite of tbe inconvenient hour , the holiday season , and the winterly weather , ( snow and bail having fallen at short intervals throughout the morning ) , —they were ready to renew their efforts in favour of their persecuted brethren , and for the obtaining of the Charter .
Mr . Parker , ( a working man ) having been appointed to the chair , opened the business of the day , by stating that they had assembled to declare their unalterable attachment to the principles of the Peopled Charter , and to appoint Delegates to a Convention which waa about to sit in London for a fortnight , to see what can be done to alleviate the miseries of the men now incarcerated for advocating the cause of the working classes . They ( the meeting ) bad been charged with having attended , other assemblies for the purpose of putting down , by clamour , all discussion on questions not connected with tbe Charter ; in reply , to which he would promise , that , if there were any persons present opposed to the principles of tbe Charter , they should have a fair hearing , and free discussion . ( Cheers . ) They were determined to make an
impression on tbe legislature of the country ; ' and therefore were about to elect persons ia whom they could place confidence , to represent their wants to the legislature , and to devise such means aa should accelerate the passing of the Chatter into law . ( Loud cheers . ) He would conclude by reminding them , that they could net expect working men U do the people's work without being properly paid ;—( hear , hear , )—and in reference to the announcement that the delegates from the country would attend this meeting , he must inform them that pinco the bills had been isaued , it had been found expedient to change the time , in order that all partB of the country might act with unison and energy . Mr . Parker resumed the chair amid much cheering . Mi . Balls came forward to move the first
resolution ;—" That the security , peace , and happiness of the people entirely depend upon the interests of all persons being represented , and as such can never be the case until tbe Jaw admits every person within the pale of the Constitution , we call upon the Legislature to enact the Peoples Charter , which provides for the representation of every adult male , and therefore necessarily provides for every interest being proteoUd . " He addressed the meeting aa his brothers of the slave class , because they were not within the pale of the constitution , having no vote in the choice of those who make tbe laws , and who accumulate thereby untold riches to tbemBelves , -whilst those who have produced these riches are cost off , and compelled to go
iuto those alaughter-houses , called Union Workhouses . ( Hear , hear . ) There was more humanity exercised in the putting to daath of an old worn-oat horse , than in tbe putting to death of an aged or worn-out son of labour ; for it had been proved , that even in the criminal gaols , the convicted felons received more food than did the inmates of the Union Bastiles . ( Hear , hear . ) In that consistent and unchanging journal , The Times , —( loud laughter )—it had been shown that in the Bridge water Union the paupers received only 145 ounces of food per week , while ia the Millbank Penitentiary the convicts received 292 ounces , thus giving an advantage to the convicted felon of 147 ounces of food per week over the honest , but unfortunate pauper . ( Load cries of " shame" and
partial cheering . I This was tbe work of the Poor Law Commission , that cost in the year before last the sum of £ 51 , 215 6 s . 3 d . The Bill which gave these men power was nothing else than a Bill to cause unfortunate mothers to destroy their own offspring , and to gradually bat surely starve off all who were unable to labour . ( Hear , hear . ) But the working classes saw very clearly that neither the Poor Law nor any other bad enactments would be repealed till the legislature were made responsible to the people—( loud cheers )—and they were determined peacefully ,, and calmly to agitate till the glorious principles of the People ' s Charter were engraved on the pillars of tbe constitution
( Prolonged cheering . ) The advocates of these principles have endured within the last three years a more crael persecution than was ever endured by any people ; the middle classes had combined with the government to pot them down . Four hundred and forty-five individuals had been consigned to the dungeon by the Juries selected from tbemiddle dosses ; but the watchword of the Chartists still continued to be " freedom !'' and they would persevere- until they had abolished the system of exclusive legislation , which enabled the idle few to live on the blood , tears , and toil of the enslaved millions . ( Enthusiastic cheering . ) It was gratifying to find that even in Ireland their principles were be ^ naiagto be understood , and that tbe justice of
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their demands waa at length recognised by their brother working men in that country . ( Hear , bear . ) Four Charter . Associations were now in existence in Ireland . ( Tremendous and long-continued cheering . ) Yea ! though tbe " Liberator , " and his Man-Friday , Tom Steele , had used their best efforts to crush Chartism over the water , truth , jostice , and right , would still triumph over tyranny , trickery , and duplicity . ( Cheers . ) In conclusion , he would urge them to make one united effort to obtain the release of those who have boldly stood , up to demand the rights which nature and nature ' s God have given to all ; and the day could not be fax distant when they most triumph over all opposition ; when the brand of slavery should be removed , and England , Ireland , and Scotland would be what they ought to be , " great , prosperous , and free . " ( Loud and long continued cheering . )
Mr . Wall rose to second the resolution . They were called upon , he said , to pledge themselves to persevere in that cause ia which they bad been so long embarked . Universal Suffrage belonged to the people , according even to the constitution of the country ; for every man enjoyed the franchise till the reign of that pusillanimous monarch , Henry the Fifth ; and until tke 25 th of Edward the Third , a Parliament was holdeu every year . As regarded the property qualification there was no such thing till the reign ef Queen Anne , nor was there a Septennial Act till the time of the Georges . ( Loud cheers . ) The aristocracy , and those who support them , were acting illegally , then , ia keeping the franchise from the people ; they will not give them their right to vote , because they wish to keep them as bondsluves . ( Hear , hear . ) Mr . Wall then referred to tbe
allegation of ignorance made against the working classes as on excuse for withholding their political rights ; he had always found , he said , that those who brought this charge are very far less educated than those who eay nothing about it Who were they that judged of a man ' s education ? What was the standard to be with the propagators of this education mania ? Was the mathematician to be denied bis right to vote because he was not also a linguist ? That would be not a bit more unjust than the denial of a competent workman the privileges of bis calling , because he could not read and write . ( Cheers . ) He would tell them how to get educated : —do away with the black-botks , and use that money which is now thrown away upon fellows who preach a service of two hours a week , in order that they may enjoy their cigars and champagne ,
and who yet smile and sueer at the people because they are ignorant He would like to have some of these geutry before them , and see what their educational qualification was : probably they could read and write , and that was all . Now he , ( Mr . W . ) would undertake to enable any man to read and write too in six weeks , and if that was to be the standard , they would not know where to commence or where to end . Some would be for an examination as to the Alexandrian measure of a verse , and others woald talk of the Homeric standard ; but it was all preposterous absurdity even to think of it , and until the working classes were represented as effectually as the other classes , they
would hear of nothing else than thirty thousand for national education , and seventy thousand for i » yal dog-kennels . ( Cheers . ) There was another source , however , if the Parliament were desirous of educating tbe people ; there were charites in this country to the tune of six millions annually—( hear , hear , —all of which were directed wrongly . Let the people have their snare of that , instead of two or three hundred aristocratic sprig * receiving it all ; let all the people have a fair chance , and thea that class from which had emanated a galaxy of self-educated talent and genius , would show tbe aristocracy , in spite of all their tinselled show , that
" A man ' s a man for a' that . " Every man was amenable to . all tbe pains and penalties of the law , and the advocates of the Charter sought no more than their right to its protection , and to vote for those who make it ( Cheers . ) Their opponents do not deny the abstract right of every man to the fraBchiae , but contend that the people are not prepared for it ; yet the men who thus argue are in general possessed of the least general understanding of any class—( hear , hear)—they are the men of tbe ledger and the counter ; the possessors of the dead Walls , and bricks , and
mortar ; and as dull as the senseless stuff which confers on them the right of voting . ( Loud cheers . ) He would conclude by asking them , in the name of all that is beautiful and free , to act as men ; to show by their unity and determination that they are not to be put down ; that they will never be content till the Charter be given them ; that they will have those rights wbich their fathers exercised ; that they will have the inheritance of which thieves have robbed them ; and , once again , resvlve to obtain the Charter , they must get it . ( Prolonged cheering . )
The Chairman then put the resolution , which was carried unanimously . Mr . NAGLE briefly proposed the adoption ot & petition to the Commons ; which was read from the Northern Star by Mr . Wall , witU very great effect , the contrast of sentences passed on political offenders and on criminalsc&Uing forth loud and deep expressions of execration Mr . Bennett seconded the adoption of the petition . A Gentleman ( Mr . H . D Griffiths we think ) from the body of the meeting proposed that the words " free pardon" as applied to Frost , Williams , and Jones , be omitted ; and that their " immediate liberation " be asked for instead . They had done nothing to be " pardoned " for ; and the use of that term implied guilt . ( This proposition was received with great cheering . ) The mover and seconder of the adoption of th » petition acceded to the alteration , and on being pat from the chair ,
Mr . Hood begged permission to offer a few observations . Had no amendment been proposed , he would still have sought an opportunity to address them , believing as lie did that they might as well preach to the wind , or stand on the sea-shord and discourse to the waves , as petition the Parliament as at present constituted . ( Hear , hear . ) No one loved the principles of the Charter more than himself , and if this paradox of men " petitioning " for their rights , must be carried out , he trusted that it would not be done in the singular , but that petition after petition would be poured In , till there was a positive deluge of petitions . ( Great cheering . ) They must tell the law-makers , that if they will not attend to the business of the people , the people are determined that they shall not attend to their own . ( Cheers . ) It was not long since that the principle of teetotalism had been introduced into England—( " Question , question ") —he was merely using the fact in argument , for though a teetotaller , his business there was political ,
and not to preach teetotalism—that principle had spread throughout England , as well as Ireland , like a flame ; why , then , he would ask , did they not carry out the pr inciples of the Charter like they had carried out the principle Of teetotalism ? If they could not meet under the fretted roof , th « y might assemble under the broad span of the arch of heaven ; in every town there was an open space—in every village there was a field ; and in such meetings the pure air would brace them up , while uniting to obtain the Charter , and the return of Froat , Williams , and Jones . ( Cheers . ) Why were they kidnapped away ? ( Hear . ) Simply because they had stood in the front ranks of liberty , they had been selected as victims by a detestable , an atrocious , and abominable Ministry—( loud cheers )—a Ministry who , if another Rlenzi or another Cromwell were to arise , would consign them to death or transportation . They ( the meeting ) must not deceive themselves : there existed a degree of feeling against the Chartists even among the working classes themselves . ( Hear . ) Some called them infidels—some called them Socialists , and
a thousand opprobrious epithets were heaped upoa them ; but occasions llSe these furnished fine opportunities of telling their fellow-working men what Chartism really is , and no man , when he really understands the principles , will longer refuse bis aid iu their propagation and establishment . ( Loud cheering . ) This , then , was the real JIagna Charts— aot that for which fools fought at Runnymede . [ I-ong-eoatinued cheering . ) This Charter was to ennoble the whole peopleto make a nobleman of every man who walks the streets —to make a lady ( though not a titled one ) of every female who sits beside the hearth , brightening
its blazs ; and to make a free-born soul of every child on its mother ' s lap . ( Loud and long-continued cheering . ) He would beseech of them to remember , that clapping of hands alone would not obtain their object ; they wanted Frost , Williams , and Jones In England , not at the Antipodes—( hear , heat )—though the Whigs would like them all to be sent there ; they wanted all good men at home , and if the Charter -were not already , aa one of the speakers had Baid , v engraved on the pillars of the Constitution , " they would take core it should be , or they would pall down those pillars , and scatter them to the winds . ( Loud cheering . ) He woald conclude with the poet's exhortation : —
" Snatch from the ashes of your sires The embera of their former firea ; And he who in the strife expires , Will add to theirs a name of fear , That tyranny shall quaka to hear , And leave his sons a hope , a fame , They top will rather die than shame : For freedom ' s battle once begun , Bequeathed by bleeding sire to son . Though baffled of t > Is ever won . Bear witness , Greeece , thy living page , Attest It many ft deathless age ! While Kings in dusty darkness hid , Have left a nameless pyramid , Thy heroes , though the general doom Hare swept tbe column from their tomb , A mightier monument command , The mountains of their native land 1 " Mr . Hood sat down amid long-continued and enthusiastic plaudits . ... . i i The petition , as amended , praying for " immediate liberation , " Instead of " pardon , " for Frost , Williams , and Jones , was carried with general acclamation . The CBAiimAN announced tfaat they would now proceed to the election of delegates ; and it having been proposod , seconded , and agreed to , that the number be three , tbe following candidates were put In nomination :- — ; Mr . WaU , I Mr . Spurr , Mr . Beggis , | Mr . Neesom . Others were named , but they declined . The supporters of the candidates severally addressed the meeting in beh alf of tbeix mondneea ; and afterward
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the candidates themselves spoke briefly in explanation of their views and principles . Whafc follows in a summary of the proceedings . Mr . Wall , in the course of a lengthy , and , we must say , egotistical address , took occasion to deprecate the conduct of " certain parties , " which afterwards turned out to be in allusion to tbe address of Messrs . Lovatfc , Collins , Ac , ia last week ' s Star . Mr . ' BOGGiS very modestly and properly contraste the style of his address with that of tbe preceding speaker , and in half a dozen sentences at most , left himself in the hands of the meeting .
Mr . Spubb , in some degree , imitated Mr . Boggis , but took occasion to regret the introduction of censure on other persona , ( in reference to Mr .-Wall ' s deprecation of the circular already referred to . ) A loud and general cry of ¦ ¦ " Wall was right ! " shewed Mr . Spurr that , in this respect , lie bad not the feeling of his audience with him ; so , after a few well-placed and sensible observations , he sat down , and waa followed by Mr . Neesom , who , ( there having been a question raised as to his eligibility on account of not belonging to the National Charter Association , which point was decided in tho affirmative by the Chairman , this being » public meeting , ) expressed his readiness to take a card of membership , If that was deemed the test of a true Chartist . He belonged , he said , to the Teetotal Charter Association , and would tell them that until the working classes found some better employment than the pot and the pipe , they would never obtain tho Charter .
Mr . Fussell , of Birmingham , who was received with considerable cheering , stated that he had a friend of his bosom in prison , with a very large family , whose cause had never been broached , and he was anxious to know if the persons proposed were of the Tight stamp . Tbe [ first candidate had made certain allusions which he did not understand ; but which drew forth an expression of regret from Mr . Spun that absent parties had been alluded to . Now , if Mr . ' Spurr meant the Lovetta and Collinses , he told Mr . Spore they were not the men for him . [ The speaker was interrupted , at this point , by a simultaneous burst of cheering , as well as by the Chairman , who . called him to order ; the eal ! to order seemed only to excite the feelings of the audience still further , and Mr . FusseU proceeded to denounce , in terms which we need not litertUy repeat , the parties to the circular in last week'a Star ; " thieves , '" " Haw / ' and " humbugs" were commonplaces , although Mr . Fussell offered to prove bis assertions . ]
The Chairman again called him to order , on tha ground that they were not met . there to'discuss the merits or demerits of Messrs . Lovett , Collins , and Co . ' s plan ; but if the speaker had anything to say against any one of the proposed delegates , he ( Mr . Parker ) would attentively listen to him . Mr . FISSEll said he did not wish to create disunion , and withdrew . ' Mr SpURR , amid great confusion , explained . A Gentleman ( whose name we could not learn ) maintained that Mr . Spurr ' s explanation had made his case still worse ; he had asked what had Lovett and Collins ' a address to do with this business i He ( tbe speaker ) replied " everything ; " he asserted that that address was an eternal disgrace to the cause of Chartism ,
( the Chairman here called the speaker to order ; the meeting , almost unanimously , insisting upon hearing him ; Mr . Peat stood forward to set the speaker right , but a volley of hisses made even Mr . P ., who Is , as will be seen below , very highly esteemed by tue Radical body , retreat ; the Chairman put it to the meeting whether the speaker should proceed , and they decided unanimously in the affirmative . ) He then " leathered away , " in earnest , at the " breach ofhonour circular , " and its supporters ; declaring , in conclusion , that the Chutists had one grand plan laid down ; and those who , instead of giving it , « r pointing out any defect , that it might-be remedied , sought to establish a rival plan , and thus divided the Radical body , were sot Chartists . ( This sentiment \ taa received with tumultuous cheering . )
Immediately on tbe conclusion ef this gentleman's address , the nominator of Mr . Spurr withdrew his nomination , but another person having proposed Mr . S . he still remained a candidate . Air . BOGGis , in explanation , said he thought some of the meeting were blind , and toat Others had no discernment ; and Mr . Neesom said , after the denunciations he had heard , and the determination of the meeting to listen to them , he thought their vote was not worth soliciting ; and that , unless the expression of the meeting was unanimous , he would decline a post , in which , though there was - some honour , J , hero was more danger . If elected , however , by the unanimous voice of the assembly , he should feel himself bound to do his duty as he had done tbrougkout tho last Convention .
The Chairman then proceeded to take a show of hands for the respective candidates , tsrioUim : to our view , we thought the numbers fox Messrs . WaU , Boggis , and Neesom , were as nearly equal as could possibly be ascertained ; the number for Mr . Spurr being not more than one-half that for the others . The Chairman , . however , decided that Mr . Neesom had the largest majority ; and that so far as tbe other three candidates were concerned , the numbers were so nearly equal he could not determine which two of them were , elected . A second show , therefore , took place for the three remaining candidates , when the minority who voted for Mr . Spurr was manifest to all . Messrs . Wall and Boggis were therefore declared to be duly elected , as well as Mr . Neesom , to sit on the forthcoming Convention . The election was certalaly a boisterous affair ; but then , the very fact itself shows earnestness on the port of those engaged .
This part of the business over , Mr . Cameron waa called upon to move the fallowing resolution : — " That this meeting sympathising with illegally e xiled patriots , Frost , Williams , and Jones , and with our incarcerated brethren , call upon all friends to liberty to assist in obtaining their freedom . " Mr . C . made a long and eloquent speech in support of the resolution ; and concluded by saying that when tbe people became united , there would be an end to the nefarious traffic of the government Let the people pursue their rights with avidity and determination ; and while he would guard them against any unsuccessful attempt , —fiecaase such an attempt might be attended with calamiUus circumstances , —he would urge upon them to keep their rights steadily in view , and When they got within reach , seize on them by force . ( Loud cheers . )
Mr . Peat—who was now aa loudly and enthusiastically applauded as he bad before been gooied— ( there ' s a word ! but what other word would express such an incessant storm of hisses ?)—came forward to second the resolution . He did so , he said , because Frost , Williams , and Joaes had done nothing morally wrong . After some admirable remarks , and one or two biting sarcasms on the" education-mongers , " Mr . P . observed , that a recent writer iMr . Combe , we believe ) on America , had stated that in some parts of the Union , the people are very ignorant ; " but then , " he adds , " the ignorant of a democracy is superior to the intelligente of an mristocracy . " He next referred to the charge of the Chartists making a " cuckoo" cry of the Charter . ( This expression was used by Dr . Wade , when very few , if any ,
Chartists were 'present at the Corn Law meeting , mind' ) A ¦ «• cuckoo" cry was it ? He hoped it would be something more ; for " cuckoos" cry only in one season ; " the Charter" must be cried in every season ; nay , in season and out of season , " the Charter" must be tbe test of their practical education . Mr . Peat next referred Tery ably to some of the practical proofs of education already to be , seen among the working classes ; they had found out that sugar at 3 jd . a pound , which it might be « 6 ld for bat for the monopoly tax , would be only just half the price that it is when sold for Td . ; there was practical education ! Mr . P . concluded by estreating hiB audience to give " a long pull , a strong pull , and a pull altogether , " for their righto , liberty , and Chartism—so as to " up with democracy and down with aristocracy . " ( Loud cheering . )
The resolution , on being put from tha chair , was carried unanimously . Mr . Cameron moved a vote of thanks to tbe Chairman , which was carried with acclamation . Mr . Parker , in returning thanks for the compliment , trusted they would keep straightforward in the Chartist road . The petition committee had this week received ( addressed to him ) a petition from Pont-ypool , signed by 3 , 180 persons , in favour of the liberation of Frost , Williams , and Jones ; but such was the tyranny practised in that quarter , that the poor fellows who forwarded the petition bad begged of him ( and they had reposed conBdence in htm , for which he
thanked them ) by no means to let , it be known by whom the petition had been forwarded ; and on no account to let one of their names be known . There was a stite of things ? However , he hoped they would be enabled to get the greater number of those sow in prison out erelong . He briefly referred to tbe case of poor Jones , transported on account of the Birmingham riots , in which he had no concern ; and concluded by proposing three cheers for Frost , Williams , and Jenes , which were vociferously responded to ; as also were calls for similar honours to Feargus O'Connor , and the incarcerated victims ; the Charter ; the Northern Star ; and the new Convention .
The proceedings concluded with » recitation ( very distinctly and duly emphasised ) by an intelligent little girl , apparently not more than eight or nine yean old , the burden of each stanza of which was" Men 1 your rights no longer tarttt ! Str ike ! for freedom , and tbe Charter !" This was received with universal cheering , and tbe meeting separated .
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Convicts , —On Wednesday morning , the following convicts were removed from York Castle , in pursuance of their respective sentences of transportation . To t > e transported for fifteen years . —Richard Cousins , George Dawtry , William Ibbetson , Henry Greenwood , Wm . Gaukrodger , James Nicholson , John Th&ckray , Joseph Wood , Alfred Green , John Straker , Edward Townend , Joseph . Handley , and John Shaw . To be transported fourteen years . — Henry Brsdshaw . To be transported tea years . — CharleB Hirst , James Bartle , Benjamin Livesey Thomas Appleyard , William Greenwood , and Geo . Fletcher . To be transported seven years . —John Gregory , Thomas Bray , Thomas Booth , and Wm . Longcart .
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Metropolitan Meeting At White Conduit House, To Elect Delegates For The New Convention.
METROPOLITAN MEETING AT WHITE CONDUIT HOUSE , TO ELECT DELEGATES FOR THE NEW CONVENTION .
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THE NORTHERN STAR . 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), April 17, 1841, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct851/page/7/
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