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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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" """" ' BETERLET MiySIRELST . jtesartatk scaas from Arthurs seat . JKvbL » of tie gated window play , " ^ iiat Becares ayliving tomb ; » S , Seek « ofaotherdv -iiicg bow oft Td seen tint ran , | w * r prond Arthur ' s summit clear , ^ And W « Terend h ^ ' „ ^ ;« to view , rampart and wall , S ^ irtMd i ortly ^ . ^ Pala » and peasant ' s shed ;
« -kne it bis feet the broad Forth roITd , i 7 ) tsi victe * f » med ** « > i ^ -udded ^ th liTicgcems ; . IL— -white breast the snow-white sail , 2 L-d * fl * k rf es « leta 0 D **» *** ' j ^ jhey her -sraters stem ; i « yaiSI » d dale in the bright sun ' s beam , j I ^ -a ereatorea of some fairy dream , { « 3 besntiful they be . -l , o ^ iis basting into day , { iC beauteous Forth , winding away jiijesuc to the sea ;
« v eastward . Berwick ' s low appears , i& misry c" ^ ? Ms bro ' te rfcarB > ihspisr ^? " ^ tr ^ , _ I VtiJn irou-maii'd giant knight , i i ^ sj his h = im to IMy br ight , j ji p Usat courtesy , j g ^ triJh opening day , f w / iiaia ^ turrets , old sad gray , rpon the agM appear , j i « ' " bow changed from that array , : r ^ n , in thy halls , the minstrel ' s lay , j " ttu hard by bevy ' s ear . J
0 besas «« a Sasrt , tbyfete might teach ; Tfiswm w Jots * . could ic bnt reach > The precincts of the throae . ; Tivfiirer head the sciSbld graced , l ji , ere a courtly prel&ie placed j ± jx gpgii ^ crown upon . ! ? je -ronder camp ' s entrenched ring , _ j : RT ! £ re Roman eagles spread their wing , j O ' er eoBpjiast ' s slavery . ' There now the mountain ' s daisy Fpnrg ? , I il l Scottish makmaid gafly sings . ; On fields of chivalry . I
On jocder beasts , b ? Carron ' s flood , j 3 £ e hirdy Sottish warricrs stood , Sixrreying the host below ; } toe ^ rsrt-insp iriBg cry they r ^ > ] Bjeii nuh'd , iiie their own mountain wave , : ^ sisticss on the foe . i Jb t ^ h pr ° Rame her arts aid try , I Ysin - e > her £ » r-f amed chivalry , I ' Galsst Scottish liberty ' . j In vsis ber i » dy warriors die ; Their dring crcans asssiJ tie sty , Tjjj ' S ^ o ^ aid uCTil be free ! I
TT ^ ere nswtha Roman ' s vacated name : i . iicend oily tells her fame , i But ; Scoaraen . whtre are ye ? j Ye bear yo ^ brtve fo- efather ' s name;— ' lie Je in spirit still the same , S ^ rn sacs of war and giee . ' I « the suae spirit in yon cursed , I jia : on the Eoman legion burst , I Preferring death to sbverv ? Sst . to « a tTieni ' s flag unfurl'd , Ws » 5 c freedom ' s spear " gainst him be burled , With * U rom fcrbears' energy ?
Ssj . sre ye freemsn ? are ye slaves , Daces aaats of the great and braTe , " * Wko bade tae iETadtrs tee ? 0 : in ye serfs of the tyrant ' s soil . Wit r ? sp * h e prt ^' nce «> f voter toil , " Then throw the tusks to ye ? Ssj , ciTe yonr gloomy dxmgeon ' s zrown , Toal , with Baffsring uairiots' moan , And ieusi thty TaoaT . for years ? 3 a EiHire , ail exhausted , sinking , 3 siisdi a " -yrant ' s torture , faulting , Qraans , music for his ears .
L h jost peblic waal and wish 23 a iV ' -tucr ' s interest anu Ids Tcice , In ill your laws to see ? Or -j ie a pj ^ r t&&-s ] bom , Dxm'J ill-requitad toii to mourn , A fcisTe by heaven ' s decree ? gsj , - » hit has made your country great ? "Wu ii vocr TForiless lordling ' a stale , , Ha pride aad pedigree ? Or ins it those befs hardy men , "Whoa " > ii our listtz ? = » ch plain , A -fir " . U 0 U 3 yeaastrj ? ^
Si € yon 4 er feld c-f rip « dng grain , ixo't wto&r hei-.: a 5 ^ -eiy train 0 ! beauty iL ^ ds a sh- ^ wtr ; B * . t jca s " , em t . ni a k ' wti shews , Hs - l-cis , aad to Lis uiudiill throws Ei ; b sau . ' . y wcnhltss SoweT . Thrj Tiia ' y to tis eyes cisdose , Tisir sp ' snii-1 tints—their rarird hues—? iiaJJn £ ibt v 'con : the plain 1 T 1 L 2 aU jotx pi-sdir ? , be replies , Tcir csr ;« ss glorias I despise , Tf t-iiy spca my grain . Bit step , cy wild rtbe ' iliotis mus ? , £ ¦ : ¦ •* dire a s ' - aTe write truths iiie ikese , CcrnT' ^ re a lorolisE to z , "> recc * . TTiilt Tu ^> a a-. > -= st of wood ^ he- « -cr ,
ii- : ••; ' . zv- s-- ;< 5 Wiittr-arcwer , Ev Qji tinirif uta ^ ei ? fcr IgiTD , ye srarlinj JiaTe , from the Sirr :-= sig 3 dee t j the povrtrs tbat be , Teat : 5 i'y -ri s- _ ni ; tt frcm &od ; ~ cr ear . t toe t ^ e . or ecu ' : you learn , Tu C 2 rb Ihy loTe oi frseooa , stem , You're surely fel : the ro-i ? Se : 7 D 2 industrious , tiny i ^ don , libocrk ^ t-tir wicter ' s ^ reparation , VTiir . vri ' . i contcnt'd t'Eia ; Is wrU-stc-ek'J hive , ioro-iii- reclininj , S-zfir ; it" sweets of others toiling , He arist .-cratic ar ^ tr .
0 r 5 : a 3 ra fnra them , you CTUsbling tiaTe , rial ¦ wcTilra b es -srers bora to slBTc , Afi . -j fructify the soil ; Ji ^ rr lr-ses are the lord ' s anointed , ii : othrttwc- legged dr ^ nts ippiinted , Tj r = ap j-jut arduous toil . &j Bib ' e ' i bright example scan , fe Diii-i Is the lion ' s den , By rightcocs ilne ' s decree ; * 20 iiTtJ , forso ^ liu prs---nr = prac : H 5 sjd . 'ij Tiiihi p G- > 1 on tis cws plsn , Ar-iiit is powers that be : EOBiSI PEDDIE . i- ^ Jzne . 15 41 .
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i LI > ES TO F . O'COXNOa . -f * fcll .-rme lines were sent to " S . t . O'Connor , by a ^•^ t ~ - ^ n who had tri-d to preenre 3 piping bullr ^ t -- is pUpOi-i of preisi . t-ij ; to the •• encsrd li-m , " "~ " 2 ^ 1 KiCc = ried ic getting oce : — EjSSzriJi Sir . —I ' Te trifrj in vain 1 o half dissolve the tymnt ' s chain ; I _ casro : fir . d a tUBofci frifnd , Tiat could to ] mg ' ii £ g moments Jesd A iLLiie puwer , asu i ^ sie tbein fly The patriot ceU urhefcde . i by ! Vf tre I a isch , J \ i -wirg et way , Ara carul ail the liTe-Icng (' . sy , f , Brfore the massy bars , that tell ¦ 0 Cozier liters in his celi :
^ 7 ' Jrtvd sL ^ uld j - fuii ^ hope ti ro' Britain ' s Isle ; T ^ uj siid ! lie c . irc-wjm ptaraiit smile , ^¦ ni half : " orgrt L . i preset wota ^ j - « .= i tli = ni iesrlv a : a close ; ** ica ail ihall bsvr , in tTery hour , Mali eqcaLiy of power . ^¦ 2 j i hfiiiii u . y ca : rs in eencert juin , ^ V : A that cccra rf :. u hc art of tiinc , ^ lici pants f .- frerrio ' -E to tie slive , Aid dares wi : h free : om '« foes to br&re ; ^ uadusg : jn-tice for the poor , P ? .: * of UuU ard prison " door . * - * those may btit and sinew bind ,
^ -j .-y so ^ eu ^ s unewnfin'd , rzwmz in its eatle fligtt , * h = tocr « that J ^ ads te truth and right , iiii vr : ampi shij reward thy toil , ^ bc cTry face with tianHport Eaile !
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i ^ FCR THE PEOPLE , by Willum » 6 » 13 ? " Locdon : SttM 1 SCj Paternosierp \^ ^ " * wi which means thould be devised for Trh " ^ . ' H Fi-etrciiy as pebble , la ihe hitcis of the asd ¦ ¦¦} ! - s ; 2 I " JO&se places wLcre uews-rocms pk' -T ^ £# t 5 : i : ' cei Utiuly < njht to be at once * K ^ . - " " - " - ? - - ^ o' ti > . ^ ciLabiishments . The k- ^ Z ~ ^ - ^ ecp . c : j L < a >; ' -oJ , clordy printed ^ iJ ^^ - ' ^ S ° Etre tiaL 8 C 0 p 2 ges , and cons : ; -. ; . " ; fr » , - - ' - "i'ii a .-to ihe eaiolumtnts , cr iijlrt . " ^; - * , * -- - ¦ -: ; ? £ r : j F-r .-c :.-J ciara : > r ol * . . i ,. 3 . ;„; .. - ; -, ,. ; c ? . . . ¦ i _~ t \ Tith anv-
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where else within so small a compass , and at so moderate a cost . The work should be found in every noble drawing-room ; and if not foand so flattering to the pride of the aristocratic " caste" as some other histories of the peerage , it would be of infinitely more' use , as it would dare silently , but sternly , to tell the truth—a tbing not always considered of much importance by their servile writers , who sack to £ ain the favour of the great by flattering their foibles , and gilding or concealing their vice ? . The introduction presents us with an abstract of the doing 3 of the Peers in actuality and the Peers in expectancy , from which most important conclusions cannot " fail to be deduced by all who will give themselves the trouble to think . The public will ,
also , b y consulting Mr . Carpenter ' s pages , Jearo something cf the costliness of the noble idol which so many among them are but too prone to worship , and of the influence , direct and indirect , which they continue to exercise in what certaia facetious gentlemen , in " their merry moods , please to designate " the Reformed House of Commons . " We are pleased with that spiri ; cf impartiality and candour which pervadtB ' -he volumes ; while the incense of fl . attf . ry is not offered a ; the shrine of nobility , neither has the author dipped his pen in gall , or sought by detraction to iojure that estimation in which those of whom he writes may be fairly held by those amongst whom they live and move . Where virtue exists he has COt been slow U > acknowledge it , aid he has ,
while fearlessly exposing acts of public delinquency , carefully abstained from mixing up with , when it could be avoided , the matters and things connected with private character . Some of the noble supporters of the inhuman Poor Law might consult these piges with advantage ; we fancy this , wrale the Duke of Bedford holds estates plundered from the Church ( one fourth of which , at least , ought to beloDg to the poor ) of the value , in our present money , of £ 48 , 889 13 s . 2 d ., no great surprise can be felt at the anxiety evinced by that noble house to iucrease the irorkhouse comforts of the " independent labourers . " As a fair specimen of Mr . Carpenter's manner , and of the kind of information to be found ia the work , we extract the foilowisg : —
Dl ' SQiS , B . J . B . 0 N . Fame . —Lawrence DuxbaS . Motto . —Essaj ez : — Ti y . EeUiiior . s . —Ron . T . Dundas , M . P . ( son )—Hon . J . C . Dandas , M . P . ss 6 n >—Earl FiUwilliam ( cousin )—Lady C . Dundaa t sister , and aunt of the Duke of St Albans)—A . Spiers , Esq . ibrother-in-law )—J . G . Rairtsden , M . P . 1 brother-in-law . \—[ See fmrther below . } Places aitd Enwhimezis . —Lord-Lieutenant of Orkney and Shetland—Amocrst his relations nrs . —H . Inue \ 3 on-in-law ) Luuieuant-Coionel . —W . Wharton ^ rother-in -b w . ) in the Church—Hon . G- H . L . Dnntias ( brother ,, R = ar-Admiral of the Blue , and lately a Lord of rbe Admiralty—Sir R . L . Dun . ias ibrotber , ) Majar . & . nenU : n the Aimy—Hun . T . L . D-andas ( brother , ) in the Church—Lidy E . Dandas tmothtT ? , ) peniion £ 276 . Church Pairorta-x . —One living .
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DANIEL O'CONNELL , THE FRIEND OF THE POOR .
DANIEL O'CONNELL , THE REVILER OF THE WIVES AND DAUGHTERS OF THE ENGLISH PEOPLE . [ Many hare been the calls upon us to reprint that speech of Mr . Daniel 0 'Conr . ell ' s , in which he uttered his monstrous cViumuy against the wives and daughters of the En » liRh people , which has bo justly called down upon him that virtuous indignation his revilings merited . In responding to that call , we are glad to be able to present it in a form which will make it doubly valuable to the reader . We find that the speech in . question excited the surprise and indignation of that firm and unwavering friend of the labouring poor , Cobbett ; and that he , at the instant , gave Mr . Calumniating O'Connell such a uchacking as would have annihilated any one but this man , whose hide is of brass , whose feelings are of stone , and whose purpose was to preserve intact the poverty aud prostration of the Irish people , so that he might briDg their miseries to the best market , and make merchandise of their wrongs and sufferings .
We give the entire letter from the inimitable and glorious Cobbett to Mr , O'Counell , tmbodjing , as it < 3 oe ? y the atrociou 3 speech of the arch-traitor , knowing that it will he read with de ? . p interest b \ every working man . In it he will see but too erideatly how anxious O'Connell was that his ' * trade should not be spoiled , " by the enactment ef an honest aud truthful system of Poor Laws for Ireland ; in it he will find that the lying cheatery was iiista . ntly exposed , and the utterer of the calumnies against the English literally impaled ; and in it also Sr . d many reasons to be anxious for the restoration of " Old Bitsy ' s law , " which was shortly afterwards abrogated by the enactment of the Malthusian " Jjnendment ;'' for the paviBg of the way for the introduction of which the infamous speech here referred to was made and uttered ]
TO MB . O ' CO . NWELL , OS HIS SPEECH AGAINST THE FfiOroSJTIO . N- FOB ESTABLfSHING POOR LAWS
IX IRELAND . At Mr . Johnson ' s , Lime Place , Manchester , 14 th January , 1832 . Sib , —With veiy great surprise ( to give the mildest term to my feeling on the occasion ) I have read , in the Morning Chronicle of the 7 th instant , a publicatiou purporting to be the report 11 a speech made by you at a meeting of ihe National Political Union , held in Dublin , on : lle 4 th of this same montli . The speech is stated to havd been made in consequence of a motion by Mr . John Reynolds , for the appointment of a Committee to d = libtrate on the subject of Poor Liwa for Ireland . Having long bten convinced th ? . t the withholcUng from Irtt ' . atul of these faws , at th-- t me when they were uiven to Eu 4 Iar . 1 l , was the orijinal sin in
the misrule of Ireland , and that it has been thy greatast of all tt ; e causes of the iinroi-usurable distance between the vnatneri , the habits , a ^ -d the condition of the ¦ working elr-s ^ es of the two countries ; having seen thit Catholic Emancipation , which was , according to your expectations , so frequently , so eloquently , and so confidently expressed , to restore harmony and happiness to Ireland , has be « n far indeed from producing any such effects ; bain ? more fully than ever convinced that there ncTfcT ¦ Cin bspt-ace in Ireland , and that there never can be uny security , or chance of security , against those periodical returns of starvation in Irt-land , the bare thought of Tvaich ought to make an English , and more enpeciaUy un Irish legislator ashamed to s ' his face amongst m irtals of common humanity ;
remembering that Mr . Gnuran , that Dr . Doyle , aud that you YOCRStLV , have been the advocates of this remedy for the sufferings of your unhappy country , you , I am sure , "will not woedtr that , in reading the rcpurt of the speech to -which 1 cave alluded , my feeling was such S 3 to be very inadequatel y described by the word su-priae ; but you would wonder , I trust , and I am sure that my readers would wonder , if 1 were not to yive an ansvKr to that speech . This I . " hall rovr do , with alJ t * : at resptct towards ^ ou wh i ch is due toycu on account of your laudable and able eitrtions duriug the two last sessions of Parliament ; and , in order that the public may liave the ai ^ runjents and facts 0 / both sitltS of the qut ^ t : o . \ i fain ? before them , I wiil first insert the abovfc-intfcticKed report of ycur speech : —
" Mr . O'Connell rose amid loud cheeTs . I rise , he said , to second the motion for a Committee . With UiivBy of the principles \ iX < k doT ? n by Mi . KeynoVAs 1 tntireiy concur . I believe he has exaggerated the wealth of the Established Church ; but then it is enornirusij great , and aimost defies exaggontion . The claim which the poor have upon thai wealth is obvious . One-third of ic originally belonged to tht poor , and they have been filchin ? ftum the poor by hating kept from them that one-third . iHear . i I concur also with Mr . lUyuo ' i ' a in what he has said of ths generosity of the English people , til ear . ) Xhtit generosity towards thia country in money gifa has betn most laudable , and 1 only -wish that they had equally distinguished themselves for their political charity . iHear . )
We have got ftum them three or four bundled thousand pounds fur cur be ^ gara , and they havo been three or four centurits making beggars of us . Jack-the-Giant-Kilkr wa 3 distinguished lor making giants first asd then slaying th * m ; it is : hu 3 the English ) , ave acted towards the Irish—thty have made beggars cf rheni first . » nd then relieved them . ( He . ir , Lear . ) Though i concur in the txprtssioa of jjjy ijratitu . Oe to those ¦ who have subscribed to the relief of the Irish poor , so must I al £ o give espr .-Siion to juy abhorrence of these ¦ vrho have made a r ; cb country po ^ r , and ) ::: Te placed a starving population in the midst of abundance . / Hear , and cheers . ) Tuough 1 am most ready to second the motion for a Cuinnintce up-n this subject , I cannot but start back with-h ' -rror at the pruposa ! of Poor Laws
being introduced into Ireland . I knuw that a great case is made for them in the misery of the people , and I vras myself evtn ready to plunge isto thu Curtian gulf , where eveistually we uiiyiit be swallowed np , in the hope ttat vre could for the tinio be Ma to relieve the distresses of tie poor . I have thought upon this subject by day—I have mused upon it by night—it has betu thy last thought that visited my pillow before ] closed ray eyes to sleep—and it has had the benefit of my morning meditations ; aud the result to which I have Cvnie is this , that itvouid be impossible to introduce the Pckjt Li « htre -witnput enslaving aurt dtgrading the pocr . The poor themselves , I think , would suffer mobtfrom a P 001 Law . When people talk of an amelioration of the English system , I ask of them to
point it out , for I never yet met a man who was able to discover it . iHear , hear , and cheers ) I abhor any interference "wiih the rale of tnges , ef pecially in an agricultural •^ untry , and this is oue of these things ¦ which frighten me about the introduction of the Poor Laws h-re . ^ VLat kin > l of Poor Law is it that is wauuiig ? If it hs one for the support of the sick and the niaiunjd , I go to the fuii extent witb those who suppuit sue :-, u Piwr Law . I sr . y that the state is bound to make provision furihose who are afflicted frith sickness or distaae ; but there it is our duty to stop . There is no danger of cncour .-girg sickness to enable o man to get into an infirmary , nor will any man break bis leg in order that he may iuve a claim upon the charity uf his nt-iyiibour . Let me be understood—ail
Claims arising from disease , sickness , or casualty , should be provided for by the stite , anil to that extent I go with those -who are advocates for Poor Lows . One-third of that which is now iu the hiinds of the clergy , being given to its legal destination , would be fully sufEcitnt to defray all such demands upon charity . iHear . ) Even at present there is scarcely a village in lieland that has not a dispensary , uor any county town without its hospital , and if tbeto be not sufficient , the Legislature is bound to maie provision for them . 1 Hear . ) 60 beyond ttat , and tvhat do you do ? Are yv / Q to take care of the 4 j-. 11 ? D , you not , by doing i > o , remove from the individual the necessity of providing for old sge —du you not encourage him to go to the dram- > hop , and lay out his sixpence upon his
animal gratification , ra'htr than of hoarding for the day of wan : ? Do you not take from industry its incentive , and from providence its best guard ? ( Hear . ) Jf I were , as my enemies represent roe to be , one who was locking solely to popularity , and not to servo niy country , what more fitting theme could I select than that of the Poor Laws ? What more popular topic could I possibly adopt ? ( Hear . ) I { eel , however , that it is thy duty of a bumaue and a conscientious man to express candicly his opinion upon a topic so deeply interesting and important to his fellow-countrymen . ( Hear . ) I say , thst if you make a provision for old age , you take away the gTeat stimulant to industry and economy in youth . Y < a do another thing : what is to become of the aged father and mother ? they lose
the solace and the affectionate care of the son , and the tender attentions of the daughter , the moment you aay to them that a legal provision for their support is procured . Tou turn the father and the mother out to the parish , or you thrust them into the solitary , the cold , and the wretched poor-house—there , in the naked cell , sufficient to chill the human breast , you leave the expiring victims of your mistaken humanity . ( Hear , hear . ) But ihink not that you have a compulsory provision for the aged alone ; if you go thus far , you are bound also to provide for the hardy workman , who cannot procure labour , and who must not be left to starve . The man with a good appetite and willing hands , but who has no work , you must include blm also . ( Hear , hear . ) It was not at first intended , I believe , to include this class amongst those to be provided for by the Poor Laws : bnt it was found that they could not be
included , and the momtnt that principle is adopted , toe rich parish would be obliged to provide for all the poor who might claim relief from it , and ia a short time that pariah would be rwanped with the number of claimants upon it . You cannot say to the City of Dublin that it should have a mendicity ono-f # urth the siso of the metropolis—that every man whe Bought relief there &bodd obtain it , and the citizens be obliged to pay the erpence of supporting them . And yet , bow are you to discriminate , unless you make a law of settlement , one great instrument of oppression against the English poor . One of the means of settlement in EDgland is by birth ; there is none less likely to be subject to iinpeeition , and yet none is made a greater instrument of oppression . The moment that it appears a poor woman is in a ttate of pregnancy , she is immediately made an of-ject for ptTStcurirs , zed a rotk-j to quit is served by tLu ianuiurd on tae wretched hovel that the prolific
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mother inhabits . The landlord , In fact , is compelled 3 by the vestry to be guilty of this persecution . Another means of settlement in a parish is by living there tfor one year ; nnd the consequence is , that engagements iare made with labourers for only eleven months , and they are obliged to be one month idle before they can expect a renewal of work in the same parish . Another bad consequence of that law is , that it prevents the circulation ef free labour , and obliges every man to stick to Iris parish . The Poor Laws , too , take from a man a direct interest in being industrious . The motives to labour are present subsistence and future support Take these two away , and you deprive a man of two great stimulants to labour . ( Hear , hear . ) Besides , the SPoor Laws compel those dependent upon them for
support to work—but in what wanner ? The labourers are let out by the parish at half wages , and then these half-workmen come in competition with the regular labourers . The farmer will tell the regular labourer , who demands three shillings a day , that he will give him but two shillings ; for if he does not choose to take that , he will get those who he is ready to admit are inferior workmen for one shilling , and thus the good labourer i 9 necessarily made poor . ( Hear , hear . ) Have I not seen in Shrewsbury , for instance , placards on which were inscribed , 'Vagrants and Irish labourers vf hipped out of the town V Mr . Sturges Bourne made an improvement in the law in this respect , for ho provided that afie * th « Irish labourer vaa whipped , be should be sent home . ( Hear . ) These laws are
necessarily called cruel laws , for they make charity itself the subject ef taxation . They create in a man ' s miud something of the sensation that is felt upon paying the wide-street or grand-jury cess . ( Laughter . ) They make , too , one man abundantly charitable , by putting his hands into the pocketa of another—and to do -what ? co keep the poor at the lowest rate of maintenance . It is weil known that in many parishes in England the poor are farmed out to bo provided for at the lowest possible expence . The man who takes the care of them underfeeds them , in order that be may make a profit on them . Not only is' the providing of food for them hired out , but apothecaries to supply them with medicine are hired also—men whose interest it is that the Bick poor should die as soon as possible , in order that
they may be at the less espence for mimichiefl for them . ( Hear . ) For an obvious reason I do not enter into the horrors of this demoralising system respecting females ; it ia sufficient for me to say , that the more vicious a female is , the more objects has she to make her selection from , either to pay forty pounds , or to marry her . ( Hear , bear . ) It is sufficient to say of the system , that clergymen of the Established Church of England have sworn , that , amongst the poorer classes , oat of every twenty women they married , nineteen were in a state of pregnancy . ( Hear , hear . ) What do we see as the consequence of the Poor Laws in Eughnd ? The country is iu a blazo from north to south ; the agricultural labourers there are destroying tbe property of their employers . ( Hear . ) I have now sit in
three Parliaments , and I have heard in each of thesa Members state that these iaws have created a . great deaf of misery aud distress . But then it may be said that these laws can be ameliorated . How will you ameliorate them ? What part of the English Poor Laws will you shut out ? How will Mr . Reynolds improve these laws ? All the ingenuity of Committee after Committee that has sat respecting these laws has been exercised iu vain , and has been unable to discover any effective amelioration . ( Hear , hear . ) One feature of the Poor Laws is , that it makes slavea of the poorer classes it makes them the slaves of the overseers , and destroys completely their character for independence . I prefer the wild merriment of the Irishman to the half-sulky , h . ilf-miserable tones of the English slave to Poor Laws .
The Irishman certainly haB his distresses , but then he has his hopes ; he endures much misery , but then he entertains expectations of redress . ( Hear , hear , an > i cheers . ) Let the question of Poor Laws stand ever , till we see if justice will bti done to us by England upon the question of Reform . 1 have often said that if a just Reform Bill ¦ wevo given to Ireland , I would try the txperiment with it ; but if they do not give a just Keform BiiJ , then I shall want to introduce a Poor Law for Ireland by repealing the Union . ( Hear , and loud cheers . ) M >\ U'Connell concluded by requesting that their exertions should not be interfered with by the P >> or Law question , in looking-for a substantial plan of Kaform , and if that were refused , in seeking for a Tesi'urce , and a renitily fora bad Reform Bill . The Hon . Gentleman sat down aorid loud cheers . "
Sir , I do not overlook the great cheering which this epe * ch appears to have called forth from your Dublin auditjnoe ; but when I recollect the still more noisy chvjering drawn forth in another place by the Dawsons and others , when they so unjustly , and In a manner so senseless , assailed yon , I am by no means disheartened by this vast quantity of cheering j which I am disposed to ascribe , not to any folly , and still less to any perverseness , but rather to that " wild merriment" which , towards the close of your speech , you are pleased to describe as characteristic of your countrymen , and on which yon appear to set so high a value .
Upon a careful perufal of this speech , I have no hesitation in saying , that the far neater part of your facts , as they stand here , are founded in error ; and that tbe whole of your nrgumenla are folkeious ,- and thew assertions 1 think myself btund to prove ; not by-any general statement or reasoning ; but , in the first place , point by point , as your facts and arguments lie before me I might , if I chose to pursue that course , insist , that with regard to your opinions , they ought to be vie wed in conjunction with , and estimated according to , the tried value of raauy of your former opinions . 2 might , if 1 cbose that course , meet tbe imposing assurance , that you " hav « tliougJifc of this subject by day , have mused upon it by night , and havo given it the hentfit of your meroing meditations ; " I might , if I choie , and with perfect fairness , meet this formidable preamble by asking yon . whether you had not thought by day , mused by night , and raedidated in the
morning , on the measure for disfranchising the fortyshilling freeholders , before you became the very firs man to suggest that measure to the two Houses of Parliament , as being a measure necessary to the fair representation of Ireland ; and wbctbftf , in less than twentyfour months from the date of tiio suggestion , you did not , before the face of these forty-shilling freeholders , beg their pardon , and the pardon of Almighty God , for having entertained a thought of theirdisfrancb . isume . nt ? Passing over the " golden chain , " by which you proposed to bind the Catholic priests to the Protestant Government and hierarchy ; passing over this unrl many oUlPT such errors , and conilaing myself within the forty-shilling freeholders' error , might I not , if I chose , express a confident hope ; nay , presume and almost conclude , that you are not less in erzor now , when you so boldly call Englishmen , in direct terms , and , by inference , the Americans , the slaves of the Poor j . aws ?
I nti ' -jht , with perfect fairness , do this , and perhaps to the entire satisfaction of the greater part of my readers ; but I will evade nothing ; will consular nothing coming from you as unworthy of serious lioiico ; and will , therefore , agreeably to my promise , answer your speech point by point . Deferring , till by-and-by , my . notice of your charge against the Protestant hierarchy , of having "filched " from the poor of Ireland the amount of the third of their tithes , I begin with your charge against the " English people" of having " made the Irish people poor . " We will cast aside your gratitude towards the former , as a fit companion for the mutual good-will between the two countries , which this charge of yours is so manifestly intended to inspire and keep alive ; we will
cast these aside ; but , since you so positively assert that we , the many-headed Jack-the-Giaut-Killer , have nii . de your countrjmen poor , we may surely be allowed tb . 9 liberty to ask you to name the time when thej wero rich When A is accused of haviogstolen the property o : B , it is incumbent an B to prove that he ever had the property . Yours being , aa to this matter , bare allegation without proof of previous possession , we need not remind you , how you , being in such a case counsel for the accused , would scoff the accuser out of court . We will not scoff you out of court ; we will give you . fu . ttb . er time for " thought , musing , and meditation ; " and will even aid these cool and candid operations of your mind by suggestions of our own . You say that the " English people" have been three or four ceuturies engaged in the
work of making the Irish people bi-ggars . You doubtless use the wotds English people instead of English Government , not only from a love ef justice , but from an amiable desire to promote the good-will and harmony between the English and the Irish . But , granted that it is the English people , what have they done to make the Irwh people poor J Three or four centuries "An inch is a trifle in a man ' s nose ; " and with you orators a century , more or lesa , is not worth stopping about ; it is a mere splitting of straws . These " centuries" could , however , hardly have fairly begun above thirty-two years ago ; for then you had a " domestic Legislature , " and ft right good one U was wihout doubt , for you want it back again ! What , however , even going back to the Conquest , have the English people
done to make the Irish poor ? Conquered the country , and parcelled out its lands amongst Englishmen . There ! Take it in its fullest extent ; and what have they done to the Irish , to a tenth part of the amount of what the Normans did to them ? Yet they have survived it ; they have overcome conquest by thoir industry and love of country : they soon made the conquerors proud to be considered part of themselves ; and they never sat brooding in sloth and filth over the fabulous dignities , and splendour , and possessions , of their forefathers . It is , therefore , not perverseness , but sheer nonsense , to talk of wrongs which the Irish experienced from that cause . The English imposed the Protestant hierarchy upon the Irish . " Very nnjust , but having no tendency to make them poor , any more than the E&me imposition upen themselves , and it has
been heavier upon themselves ; for they havo always had to yield greater tithes than the Irish . They forbade the open profession of their religion , on p 3 in ot exclusion frcm civil and political power . Unjust as well as foolish ; but the same is done to the Quakers everywhere , and that does not make them poor and racged ; and sow , when the Irish have civil and political power , they are poorer than ever I Have tia English people ever taxed thu Irish ? We will sea about that by-and-by , when you come to talk of the reform that yon are seeking . How then have the " English people" made the Jfrish people poor ? They have , indeed , suffered them to be made poor , by " aot compelling the owners of the land iu Ireland to p ^ y poor-rstes . " This is their irrcat sin towards the Irish peovtle ; and v > o \ r , when they seem resolved to < ; o lighvia this rea » act , and to make raaaraitioa Sor the
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wrong , a . ? far as they can , you step in with erroneous facts and failacions arguments to induce the Irish to believe that that long-withheld good is an evil ! The fact is , however , thnt the English people have never had any feand in causing the wrong * and misery endured by tbe Irish people . Tb * wrongs and thi » misery , as for as they have been caused by misrule , have been inflicted by that " band of oligarchs , " to whom you have so often , so recently , and so justly ascribed them , and amongst whom your native oligarchs have been the very , very worst The English people have always
commisserated the sufferings of the Irish ; and this feeling has always been most conspicuous , too , amongst the Church cf England people . The people of England have been wronged by the injustice of the oligarchs as much aa . or more than , the Irish have ; for they have had to pay for keeping the Irish people in submission to those who refused to give them Poor Laws , and who thereby reduced them to starvation . If this be not the true state of the matter , you have the means of proving the contrary ; and if this be the true state of the matter , let the reader characterise your charge against tbe English people of having made the Irish people poor . ( To be continued in our neat . )
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MEETING OF THE SOUTH LANCASHIRE LECTURERS . In accordance with the resolution noticed in our last , the above meeting took place on Sunday last , in the Brown-street Chartist Room , East Manchester . Though many had come a distance of twelve or fourteen miles , they were present to commence business by half-past nine o ' clock . Lecturers assembled : —Doyle , Smithhurst , Lewis , Bailey , Hough ton , Rankin , Littler , Leech , Campbell , Bell , Luiney , Clarke , Booth , btorer , bheerer , Roberts , and Bu ' . terworth . Mr . Whitaker , a member of Brown-street , vras chosen Chairman . . Mr .-Doyle inquired tbe object for wmen taey had been called together .
.... .. . Mr . Cartled « e stated that they had been called together for the express purpose of coming to an understaiidinfi with each other oa various important questions ; tor those who possessed tho greatest amount of information to impart it to their fellowlecturers who required it , and to prevent one man siring- one answer toa question at one town one day , and another lecturer , at . the . same place , giving a different answer another day to the same questiou . It was thought that , by bringing tbe lecturers together , and through the mnxus of discussion , their opinions m > ght be trough . * toharmoniso with each other . -Su < jh a step -would tend to improve the lecturers , prevent contradictory statements , being made , and 7 / remote tho . canse they had at heart , . ill fi ^ fctirrg rogc K . i ' er hi the same'cause , Ii 3 vi ; : gihe suzne oi > jfct in ' vjijiv , ajitil ib&ir t-xertiwjjs would t > e crowned wiifa r . ucoesa-
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Several lecturers expressed tmrir opinions , and all agreed in the propriety of the step which had been taken not only in the meeting being held , bat also m havir ^ a regular series of meetrags ; one or two , however , were anxious , before preceeding farther , that a code of rules for their government shonld D © drawn up . This , after some discussion , was nofc pressed to a division , and Mr . Leech , * t the request of the meeting , delivered a short address on the last of the . following questions , with a copy of-which each lecturer had been furnished .
1 st . Are you awa ; e of the amount of wealth produced annually in Great Britain and Ireland 1 of the number of producers , and how the present system of legislation affects its distribution I -2 nd . If the distribution of wealth is uvjuslljr interfered with , what remedy would yon apply to insure a just distribution of the produce of labour ? 3 rd . Do you consider permanent liberty , and its accompaniment , prosperity , can be secured to the whole peopl , ) under a system of competition ? 4 th . What definition do you give concerning real liberty ? 5 ih . What are the effects produced in society by the law of primogeniture ? 6 th . What effect has the monetary system of this country on its social and political ar ^ i ^ ements t
7 th . When the Charter becomes the law of the laml , do you think that the present arrangements regarding private property can be maintained consistently with the liberty and happiness of the whole people ? A discussion ensued , and afterwards the remaining questions were alluded to seriatim ; and on the first question the resolution come to was— " That when any of the lecturers are questioned upon that point , they shall quote the statements of * Porter , M"Queen , M'Culloch , and Bray , leaving the public to judge for themselves . " The following are the calculations given by Porter , M'Queen , and Bray ; those of M'Culloch are not furnished ts us : —
Porter says—There is every year £ 7 , 000 , 000 of wealth produced by 6 , 000 , 000 of ¦ working people ; that every man who worfcs , earns ; £ 110 133 . 4 ( 1 . a year , which ia £ i 2 a . 6 fJ . per week . According to Porter , it took twelve millions a year to support the clergy of the Established Church . ^ Local taxation £ 100 , 000 , 000 . '' According to M'Queen : — ; Total capital of agri- Produce , culture , £ 3 , 258 , 910 , 810 539 , 036 , 201 Do . do . Manufactures , 217 , 773 . 872 271 , 412 , ? 0 ff £ 3 , 476 , 684 , 682 810 , 448 , 910 Families . Total number of persons employed in agriculture , ... 1 , 845 . 463 Do . do . trade and manufactures , 1 . ( 584 . 232 Do . all other families , . ' .. — l , 2 « j . 536 4 , 799 , 231 Bray states , in bis work , that the annual produce is ... ... £ 500 , 000 , 000 And that it was calculated , in 1815 , to be 430 , 000 , 000 Of which the working class received 99 , 742 , 547 And the rent , pension , and profit class ... 330 , 778 , 825 The total capital , at that time , was calculated at ... 3 , 000 , 000 , 000 The meeting , after a very long and interesting sitting , was adjourned till that day month .
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TO THE EDITOR OF THE NORTHERN STAR , Sm , —Since miuistera toek up tbe Corn Bill , I have frequently observed in tbe Whig liadical journal * , an anxiety for a repeal of the Corn Laws , and cheap bread for the poor . But ulthough they pretend to be so solicitous for the poor man , I never hear them " break breath" about giving him the only power which can enable him to stand boldly in his own defence—tbe franchise . I say since the Com Bill became a ministerial measura , I have often seen a paragraph headed " clei \ r bread mew ? low ¦ sr !» se& , " There is pne In the Leeds Times oi last week , headed " ttnothst convincing , proof that dear bread means low ages . " It goes oa to state that master manufacturers about Huddersfleld have reduced the price of labour between 20 and 30 per cent , and asks if it is not a c ' onvincer ?
Sir , I should never have noticed these , with any intention of commenting on them , had I not known for what purpose they were got up , and bein ^ r well acquainted with most of tbe writers of them , I can assure you , that what I am going to say is fact . The articles above alluded to are the original correspondence of the millocrats themselves ! They first meet and reduce wages , then go' to their office and write tke articles about " dear bread and low wages . " Thus thoy blow the trumpet that wages lower whea bread is dear , and say that they could de no more if bread wtre cheap . ' They tell their workmen it ia in consequence of want of markets , and preack up Whig humbug until their men are lost in notification , and thus push forward their own ruin .
They have practised this " lowering system " so Ionjf and so often , that they dare not in a direct way any longer , for fear of exposure ; but thsy have recourse to an indirect way of lowering wages . They call the " foreman" of every branch ( who by-the-bye are all of conrsa high Whigs ) into tbe counting house , having previously made Uiem electors . They say to them , we are desirous of keeping up the respectability of our men , therefore we will iet you your work , and then you wili havo a good opportunity of making more wages ; we wish you to do so , only push on tbe work ; the
more you do tho more you receive . Tho foremen agree to this , and set to , well knowing that the masters ara giving kss for the work than they did before the kttin ? . I say they set-to , and pinch the poor men who are under tliem to excess ; they turn ivway a portion of them , and make the remainder do twice as much , or nriiriy so , as they did tefore . Work goes rapidly on . They do in four days what ought to be a week ' s work ; and theconsequtinca ' , they are short ot employment two days per week , and have to go and skulk in the streets for that time , whilst they have done more work aud received less wages for it !
And thus we are permitting theso mercenary speculative individuals , who wish for more markets to bav » more scope of competition to ruin this country . They are like the frog ill tbe fable , they want to swell themselves to the station of old experienced and honest tradesmen whu have been an honour to this country for centnries . * The bell is ringing , therefore , I must DO off , or I would say something more on the subject But perhaps I raay resort to it again . 'In the mean time , 1 susberibe myself one who would wish to be repre sented , Yours truly , A WojiKiKG Man . Huddersfidd , July 14 , 1841 .
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" This is said to be a branch of tbe Melville family , but we do no . know its exact affinity . The founder of tie Peerage was a Laurence Ihindas , cf Merse , "who was a Commissary-General and contractor id the Army , from 1748 to 1759 , and was created a Baronet in 3 762 . His only son , rfir Thomas , who succeeded him in 1751 , 'was elevated t « thu Petrajje in 1794 , as SaroE Dnnd&s . of Aiie , in the county of York . Id 1764 , he jnarried the stcotd dani'hier of tie third Enrl Fi ! ZTiIl : 2 : i ] , by wht-m he had tin ebiidren . He died in Juce , ISiO , aad "sr& 3 succeeded by Lis eldest son , tie prcsei : ! Baron .
" Lord Punkas was born in April , 17 G 6 , and in 1794 . married Harriet , dangbter ot General John Hall , or whom he has five children livin ? , tbrtw daughters ami two eons , both tbe latter t-f whom are in Parliament . H « finished his edn . ca . ticn ai Trir . uj- College , Cambridge , and entered the House of Commons at an early a ^ e . Ht ) is a Whig in politics , ar . il has generalij * maintained » consistent character . In 17 bS . be voted with Mr . Fox for a censure on MinLsttrs , who bad advauced mosey to tbe Empsror , without tbe cocsent of Parliament . In 1797 . he was one ef a Eiiaorky of ninety-three , whivo : < -d with Mr . Grey , for 3 Rtf ^ rm of Parliament ; anil subsequently , he sepporttd Mr . \ Vhithread ' s motion for the » impt nclunent of his relative , Lc ? d Melville . In tbe Upper House , ie has fcilowed in the same course , although he is not 50 consiaut in his attendance upon Parliamentary dutks as the activity cf the adverse fiction renders ii de&irable that he should be , "
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THE ENGLISH CHARTIST CIRCULAR AND TEMPERANCE RECORD FOR ENGLAND & 5 D WALES . Pan I . aad II . London CleaTe , 1 , Shoe-lane , 1 R 41 . We have looked through these t ^ vo parts of the English Chartist Circular with much pleasure , anJ are gzd to fiud that the commendations we have once cr twice bestowed npea single numbers may be with tbe strictest justice extended to the wcob . The wcrk is real ind genuine Chartism , and erery Ciianist ought to pos = es > it ; we are sure he cannot in anv other publication find so much sound political knowledge at so cheap a rate . Ana h' re is fnod : V > r t-very kicd of taste . -We huve original essays for the studicu ? , tales for trie paih ^ -. ic , biography for the
patriot , mri-ures cf Government ior the s : ate- ? rin , k ;; vl 5 iic 3 iot tbe ca CTji 3 tor , and important facis cnikd from the hij ' . orj of the pan to servo , as exainp ! : 3 , or as wartii !?;? for the conduct of the future . Tothefruuds of Tfio ; eran , e ali-o this iruerv =:: rg T .-ubiiri-tio : ; especisih" commeads itself . Here they may I . arn vheiinponam bearing of the cause they ad'vocate up : > n the Tve !' -beiE ^ and the political regeneration cf this eournry ; a : id vre trnst that soon this important view of tbe mstt-er "wi ] l become so prcvaiert iha * . it wiI 3 ? utcb it-elf upon what is now , ' . hrouih ih-z bigc . ied ^ Ld factions arrangements ot Tinzo-. ranr ^ Society Committees , forbidden trronnd .
the tec ' -o ' al piatiorm 01 every town and Tills ^ e in > " m viri-plrc We are glad ; o peiceive tin scmo oi ' -he £ ™ . e ?; fr ' it-nd ? of democracy are eoniributing 10 the par . r 5 of ihe Circ-ifar , ard we hope that others v . illa ' . dm the t ^ me v .-rrk . Nor mast the circulation be icrgutten . Mothir . ^ bat 3 lar ^ s sale can ke ^ p this jiit-hcation 011 us J ?> , ' 3 ; and we would , therefore , vrgc it upon the serious attention of all ¦ b-Vjo liivr vkc it . , to u ? e their ntmo ? : endeavonrFeach ? 0 £ ? iai : fcw -iur < - crit > er . It is high time tha ; all bymn to work ; we cannot lorg remain as Te are ; the stake of corruption is scotched , bnt it is loi ceao . Forward , then , and let us complete the " . Turk we LaTe so jdonousiv bej , Tia .
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Dz ? L 02 ~ iZi . z Cafe of D . kstititi ; . v . — On Saturday a .-torL'Cvn aj iLoneil tvjs ) : t--d before yir . Baker , a : zee I'hTOTr-UT * ' Arms , E-sts-siree :, Whiiechapel , on the b : > -iV oi Saj ^ h Sal u-r , a §< rd 43 , whose death w&i a !; e > £ cd to har ? b ^ en caused bv the want of the cjjnuion necessaries of life . Sarah Salter , the deczz-ed ' s ciau ^ httr , said » ha ; she lived with her znoitcT , in Greek-court , Essex- ¦¦ tr ee ? . She had been in a very bad state of health lately , and in want of the common necessaries of hfc On . Wednesday , the oii . y ; ood they had all that day was a halfpenny-¦ 5 vc > r : ii v * r oread and half a pint of beer between them . TLity obtained iheir lm " " «{ by friirt-mikiiig , for Mr . SUTtr , oi' Cornhill and the Commercial-road , and the
pr : o * they received for making a shirt was 4 d . To n ^ Lib two of these shirts , her mother and herself sat up till oce o ' clock on Thursday morninu . Soon ii ' rr ihat hour they retired to bed , her mother complainug of a pa ; u in the head . She awoke about ^ , -ven o ' clock , acd found her mother lying by her sije lif ' -Ies ? . By the Curoiier—'" We have been in tin ; hat-it lor the iai . ; two yesj-s of receiving reiief in br .-au from Wi . ittchaptl parsh , until about- four mor .: > . s ba : k , wher . the parochial auihorit . es stopped Thai relitf , and retuacu to y * s = us to our parish ( islr , i ; tun ; . ' The-Coroner here requested Hughe =, the Rciitvins-ofioer of the parish , who was present , to five Lira an expiacauon , as the inquiry had
assumed a different aspect to what he expected . Mr . HnEhes taid he recollected the case very well . For the lost two winters ihey had received between three ana lour leaves _ a week , until four months back , when an ir . quiry was ordered to be instituted by the ii'jthoritier , lac result of which was , that they came to the decision tim the deceased wa 3 bo ; iu waat of relief , and do application had been made since . The foremm of tbe Jury said , that this was a case ofinaiiiuon produced by the want of the common uourithmeats of life , aud he , for one , would not be satisfied to g ; re his verdict nmil the whole circumstances of tMe case bad been fully entered into . After some remaiks from the Coroner and the Jury , ice inquiry was sojourned for furthtr evidence .
FaiGBTttL Accident at an Ice-hcube . —A Mas Bcbied Alive . —Uu Saturday morning , between eit ; ht and nine o ' clock , an accident of a frightful Eatur . \ and by which 3 man , named Giles , lost his life , occurred in tbe ice-well of Messrs . Rhodes , the extensive ice-merchants , of Hackney-road . At the time above stated , the deceased , wiih other men in the same employ , wtre down the well at work digtiot ; out the ice for the purpose of loading some carts which were waitt ' Eg . The weil is entered by & door at the bottom , the ice being above it , and the men , when any ice is wanted , are obliged to cut it from the bottom , working their way farther in as the stock decreases ; by this a great excaTaiiou is made into the middle of the ice , and in several parte they are able to proceed a . great distance . Tbe decea-Sed " and at
three men wer ^ work under one of ihese places when the whole of it fell in . The deceased ' s companions escaped in . the most miraculous manner , but he , beiDg further in the place than they were , was buried under the fallen mass , which weighed several toa .-. The fall was so sudden that another of the men nearly thared the same fate . As soon as thoir fright was oxer they set to work in digging the dscezsed out , but twenty minutes elapsed before they came to him . On jaking him out he was alive , but in a iso ^ t dreadful state of suffering , his arms and legs appearing to be crashed . He was removed on a s ' . reicLer io the London Hospital ( where he was attended to by Messrs . Page and 3 iit !« -r , the surgeou 5 ) , si . d cieti m an heur after his admission . Tr . e c- - - ? .. iel ^ 2 ? 2 iz z-rr . id aau , S 2-J r- ^ iced Ll >" o . 5 , Co : ;^ c-j ; la . ce-, J ^ , i ? . - eu-= ; ic £ t-ica-d .
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THE DISCIPLINE OF BEVERLEY . " My head iagrey , but not with yeara , Nor grew it white In a single night , As men'a have grown from sudden fears ; Aly limbs ara bow'd , with barbarous toil , And rusted with a vile repose . For the ; have been a dudgeon ' s spoil , And mine has been the fate of those To whom the goodly earth and air Are bann'd , and bart'd , forbidden tare . " Prisoner of Chillon . TO THE EDITOE OF THE NORTHERN STAR . Edinburgh , 3 rd July , 1841 . SIR , —From the ready and expeditious manner in which your admirable paper conveys public news from the Thames to the foot of the Grampians , and as tbe only vehicle which now appears open to me for tho subject , I will feel obliged by your laying the following extracts , from a letter just received by Mrs . Peddie from her husband before your readers , amongst whom I am happy to think he has many sympathising friends , who will take an interest in the intelligence . And as the pages of Holy Writ are most to bo prized , when they come to ws -without not » or comment , I shall avoid occupying your time "with any indignant reflections , leaving tbe . ¦ wr iter's own utterance , " in thoughts that breathe , and words that burn , ' to speak for themselves . W . K . A .
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" My health ( observes Mr . Peddie ) is certainly improved since I last -wrote to you , notwithstanding ray food , and all the other circumstances with which I am surrounded , are so very different from my former habits ; a plain proof , were any required , of the murderous effect of that English Juggernaut , at whoso shrine there are more land I will shortly furnish the ¦ world -with reasons strong and good for thinking sol victims sacrificed every year , than beneath the wheels of its brother in Hindostan , bloody as ha is said to bo . But l cannot help statin ? , that the effects tLat the mil ] has left upon my constitution , are both painful and alarming . It has to acertainty cut off ten yearsat least from my period of existence . I am constantly tormented with a pain in ray head—especially the front—my eyes
are much weakened ; so much so , that I really entertain fears of losing them . My hair i . s- now grey , not like Ephraim ' s , a grey hair here and there ; but of truth ef 0 most respectable pepper and salt colour . My beard , which I see once a week , when shaved oa Saturday , lias become actually white . In addition to which I have lost two more front teeta , so tlwt p ; et me when you may , you will have a respectnble old man of 6 ' 5 at least , in place of 40 ; but in spirit and heart as young and fond as « ver . Indeed my spirit secma to be of that kind and cast which uo circumstances can control or curb j which seems to have been formed by its Maker for resisting uninjured every species of persecution , even the most cruel , hellish , and inhuman one to which it has been subj"Ct ? d ; and yet retains all its former elasticity—all Its former lovo of freedom—and neverdying hatred of oppres 3 iou .
" It is astonishing what an enormous weight of suffering the human spirit can support , when it humbles itself bbfore the mighty hand of ita Maker , and is strengthened by a firm reliance upon the protection of its God . Indeed could tyrants but perceive the fact ; could they but see tho mind of the patriot strong in the integrity of his purpose , and still made stronger iu his well-grounded hopes ot a glorious immortality—despising them even when his body is sinking under their helli-ih , their barbarous torture ; pitying them iu the gloom of the dungeon ; pitying them as men , madly laying up for themselves eternal destruction , tierce wrath , and fiery indignation , to devour against that day wb-n even they will cease from troubling , and tlieii victims will find nrest to which tbey will be eternally strav . gera . For the present state of my mind in its religious feelings , you will find a description In the last chapter of the first epistle of Peter , from the sixth verse .
" I was trcly pleased with the news of your last , both with tho evidence it contained , that liberty was not dead , iu the 1 , 500 , 000 persons who bad petitioned Parliament lor our release ; but with the reception of that Petition in tbe House of Commor . s , evincing the fact that we are not entirely forgot by the people . It has also roused my expectation , that if the people continue to bestir themselves , they will ultimately be the means of restoring me and my fellow-suSerera to our afflicted families . But not without bestirring themselves . For the Whi ? s ( heaven in due time reward them ) art ) like curds in a cheese-press , they wilt not
give cut the whey without severe pressure Meantime 1 trust that my friends in England and Scotland wi ! l not Cease to exert themselves to obtain my freedom from this galling and truly worse than Egyptian bandage ; should they drop their exertions , you may rest assured , that I will , if spared , remain here every hour of the three years . As for either mercy or humanity to be expected from these men , who have refused me justice , is a thing not to be looked for . The public will obtain nothing either for me , or for themselves , but through the medium of constant agitation and petition , and the adoption of every other energetic means justified by the laws of the country .
Yon will see by Mr . Hume ' s note , that Lord Normanhy has removed me from the English Juggernautthe British Moloch—the life destroying favourite machine of English squirearchy—the English priesthood ' s instrument of punishment . * * Now , aa tbe Whigs will most likely take much credit to themselves , and , if possible , persuade the people that they are entitled to ifc , Jet me put you in possession of the fact—ttiat this remission will uinke little ot no alteration otherwise for the better in my situation . The fact is , that nine weeks ago , it was found , that a very few days more continuance of the torture , must have ended in my murder , had not the eurgeon done his duty in throwing the shield of his official protection between me nnd death . This remission still leaves me in the condition of a degraded and miserable slave , Bubjbet to -very severe labour , for the truth of which statement take one instance : —
" For six weeks , ia January and February . I was employed ia working with my hands all day wet with quick lime , till almost every finger was burnt to a cinder—till the very flesh came out of them as large as sixpences—leaving holts , in maDy of which a sixpence could have been buried—the > narka of the wonnds of which I will carry to the grave with roe ; and it is well that it is so ; for should I ever be disposed to forget my sufferings , and to forgive their authors , I have only to look at my bands to be awakened to a painful recollection of what I have endured , and raised to those duties that these sufferings have inflicted upon me . There is another circumstance to which I wish you particularly
to call the attention of the public , that is , thai it has been the never-failing practice of the British Government towards persons convicted of crime , should any thing occur after conviction to throw discredit upon the evidence by which a conviction was obtained , to give the prisoner tbe full advantage of tuch a cirenmstance Has this been so in my case ? It has not . For to have done me this justice would be to admit my noble persecutor and his friends , ( the blood-thirsty scoundrels of Bradford ) guilty of a conspiracy!—a most wicked conspiracy against my life and freedom . " ROBERT FEDDIE . " Beverley House of Correction , 18 th June , 1841 . "
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Tyranny of the Factory Lords . —The millocracy and profitocracy , when courting popularity to subserve their owm purposes , not unfrequently tell the workies that the interests of the employer and those of the employed , aro identified , and that both must rise or fall together ! yet we invariably find that the profitmonger ' s conduct runs counter to such doctrine , an instance of which is furnished by a correspondent , who writes as follows : — Tho masters of » certain mill , not twenty miles from Hey wood , have of late acted in the following manner towards their workpeople , A few days after the ] 2 ' . h of August , 1839 , they called on every one who had been in the habit of attending Chartist meetings , to sign their names to a paper , pledinni ; themselves not to attend
any more , and if they refusfid , they would be discharged from their employment . They also made a rule that no more collections should be mads amongst the weavers towards supporting the sick , or burying the dead . They were requested to grant tho weavers leave to make a subscription towards the Stockport turn-out , on every alternato Friday . afternoon , that day being the wearers pay day ; this was not granted . A few weeks ago , men were appointed to go round to every 6 pinner , weaver , &c , iu order to see what each would give towards an organ for St . James ' s * Church , Hey wood ; and though the poor white slaves had nothing to spare , yet , through fear , seme gave as high as 10 s ., 7 ^ - » Sa ., 2 s . 6 d ., aud some as low as Is ., and others 6 d .
When the and-Corn Law petition was laying for signatures at various shops ia Heywood , petition sheets wero brought to the factory , and the men called upon to bign . At the recent election at Rochdale , the mill stopped on the day of nomination , and the men were told to go in procession , with banners , bauds of music , &c , to Rochdale , in order to hold up their hands in favour jof James Feuton , Esq ., the Tory candidate . On Wednesday , the 14 th instant , the upinners were sent for , and informed that their wages would be reduced to an amount which they , the spinners , calculate at 63 . per week . Some objected to the robbery , while others cringingly submitted to the avarice of their employers . "—So much for identity of interests .
The Census . —Amongst the many cunona entnea made on the enumeration schedules whichJb&re been returned in the town district of the Kensington division , are the following : — " W . Whitehorn , 57 , tailor , no ; Martha Whitehorn , 37 , wife , jjp ..: John Fred . Whitehorn , 8 , yes ; William Henry Whitehorn , 4 , yes ; Arthur O'Connor Frost Whitehorn , nine months , yea . All earnestly pray for the speedy return of Frost , Williams , and Jones , ihe release tf all political prisoners , and that the Charter may become the law of the land . " -. ; A Rivai to the "New Ikpebnal-5 Tachinb . " - ^ ThVgaia" i » our printing-office ( Ohio Squabbler ) offer to back Miss Jemima Bloom ,, their overseer , to do more " biowin' up" in one day than all the gun * ponder in tho "States . " They " will be happy to iet Colonel Paste-y have her for a moderate consideration ; and if she < i ( i : t giv « Royal George a startler , the Colonel may depend oa ' t he ' s - nreof agin detcaatin ' power .
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THE NORTHERN STAR . 3 —— - , . . r - i t- . — .- ¦¦¦ - ' ¦¦ - . . . . ' ¦ —^^— .- ¦—« memmmmmm ^ mrw imm *****" . urn . ] . .... - i —* - *~~ - * -
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), July 24, 1841, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct860/page/3/
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