On this page
- Departments (1)
-
Text (10)
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
3Emwvter ^arltamettt
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
-
Untitled Article
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
-
-
Transcript
-
Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
Additionally, when viewing full transcripts, extracted text may not be in the same order as the original document.
Untitled Article
DISTRESS . TO XUS SD 1 TOB . OF XHB KOBTHEKS StXS . SiB , —A great deal has been said of late respecting the distress that prevails throHghont this country , and the cause of it . The Whigs coBtsnd that it is in coneequenee of the Com Laws being ia operation , and that if these laws were repealed , we should enjoy happiness aiid prosperity without interrnptien . TtUB is all ¦ very plansiula indeed , bat I very much doubt it . The fact is , the people hare been duped so repeatedly with £ he "Whigs , while they were in office , that it would be Bisdness in the extreme , to expect anything really good from apy measure thit they may propose , eitfc . tr in or out of Parliament
I aimit . Sir , that there is great d ' u tress , not only in 2 £ saebfcst £ r . tut in almost every j-iit tf the country , tut it is ibjurd to assert that a tahJ repeal of the Corn laws wcaiJ remedy the evil . If the Corn Laws bid been repealed twenty-five years ago , it mest certainly ¦ would have been a great relief to this , country , but t » at jsnot the real eauss . I am decidedly of opinion , Sir , that impr- remtuts in machinery and competition are the urincipii causes ef a great portion cf the distress thafecrw txbt in Slaucliesttr anl the manufaevnring dist- ^ c ^ severally .
I beve brtn employed in the cotton business np wards of r * sctr-FX ytars , during which period I have seen eansdcKiMy better days . In the year 1 S 29 , thtre were 2 , 400 optratiTe coltvn spinners in Manchester and Salford alone , tach spinner working a pair of mules svera ^ iEg sbr-n : 30 s sp : ndies eaoi . In the vear above Eauitd , it . v&s agreed unto , bv tbe fire master spinners » 3 a roaj , t " -at if any of them hid moles Exceeding soo Epicdks , vtry ¦ would be ailovrfcd to pay to the operatives , in the shspe of wages—at the rate of ova and a
fcaif per c-irt . less frr every twelve spindles above SOO ; so that these masters that had mules of 600 spiudies escb v-f-uid derive an extra profit of thirty-savea and a haH clt cent , over those misters that had males rf soospraeics . This being the cise , tha minds ef the masters were comUntly agitated ia scheming and cjztrivm ; hj-vr to exc ~ l each or" er in lengthening ttfcir arales : and tbess irBpriTenjirst ^ have txitnuf d : o suclx an amazing degree , that at the present time the op = r £ - tivet sre c ^ rrpclled to ¦ srcrS ; a pair of mules of luoo ' o 234- ! spir : dles fsch .
Be : tiiis is not all : —Tn coarss spinning there are aa harness ? qoairiry cf Si . f-actlng moles that supersede msnasl labour entirely ; and these are extending Ttry rspkDr . so that at the present p-riod there are only about 700 r-perativs cotton spinners in Manches t er and SoMord ; trereauirde ^ irOO are cast adrift , wandeiiug abont tie s—e = is ia search of employment , but in VStD , in a sate vt xnetcheineBS and nziszrj too awful to W > template . improTsmerta ! n other machines connected with the preparing if the cotton are also trending very rap-idly improvements tha-6 are calculated to diminish the number of workers te a fearful exteat ; and in feet , an immense number of youag persons from fourtetn to eighteen years of age are already sicri £ ced . But these improTenUnts are not confined to iianchester only , no ; they extend to every spinning district throughout the United Kingdom . What I have stated aboTe are indiiputibie izcts .
Now , I ask tke anti-Com Law League , will a repeal of the Corn Laws giT 8 employment to the 1700 operative coitun spinners , besides other hands , that have been sacrificed in . Manchester and Sal ford alone , in COD . - Be < ltt £ iiCti ef improvements in machinery ? or will a repeal of those Iaw 3 rcstore to th = m their wonted occupation ? A . -, y son that is possessed cf common sense will answer no . AgiiL :, tlisr- are hui-dreds of cur ftllo w " - ? ou 2 trymen in other tri ; ts that are suffering f : x » m the sune causes , ilechardes for instance In n : r . ehiae shops "we find self-SCtlES EiiGt-lailhs , Sclf-2 ilting £ lotting-ina = nines ,
Btlf-SLcttngboriav-machii . e 3 , » iid self-Etf . ngplaining machines that ptrform as much work in out day ts fifty msn . W ^ have ajachiaes for sais-izg ticber by pjwer- Engraving is dene in parr by inacLictry ; and in the " Mechanics ' Magaz ^ e , " T read of an Iron ilascn—a machine under tkis name ( for which a patent his just been taken out ) IS about to be erected in a stone quarry at Woodsuie , G'zsgo- * . Tie Etonei go into tut machine rough as iLey come out < f the quarry , and come out polished Ashlar on the Eurfat- ? , ted an parrallfcleti and jquijred on the adea , f ailr ready for tae builder , and thia at an expence of not more than a quarter of the work done by fcaa .
The present machine is calculated to do the work of two hundred ana fif : ymen , reckoning only sixhours ' wcrk out cf ten . There are TiuzntroTxa other trades that might be adduced if space T ^ u'd admit , -cshere -mm-Tiai labour i 3 Etptrsided by x ^ ackintry . This being the c ^ se , it is no wonder that our countrymen are distressed ; how can it be otherwise , when the population is increasing and employment continually decreasing ? It is not my istestion to say anything either for or against these ircpn vements , my ot ; -. ct is simply to give tbe people to understand , that if thry expect a repeal cf the Corn Laws to give them that ancccur ssd prctectien thev rtqoire , they will , xzndti tiiesa ckcumjtances , be mes ; bitterly disappointed .
Tcry p . obcbly , borne of the repealers will be ready to Bay , but if foreign com was allowed to be brought into this cctxtry free of duty , foreigners would exchange their corn for our manufactures , and thereby cause a greater demand fur labour . If tLe Cum Laws had been repealed twenty-five years ago , ebI said before , it very likely would Live "been the case t $ a greater extent ; but it ntfortunsWy happens that Old England has to compete now with a formidable host of manufacturing rivals from Germany , France , Swiizatlaud , and Belgium , aid indeed almost every nation cf the continent cf Europe , they having raised op at great sacrifice of national wealth a mannfactttriog industry for themsekres , and compete with ns i * many parts of the world .
. "We are also almosi excluded from the German market , and Austria has sealed her territory against our merchandize . Again , osJy reflect for a moment of the vast pcrtioa of our mechanics and labourers that have already and ars still leaving oar shores , and are emigrating to different parts of the world , and aa a matter of course , the skill , genius , and industry of car beloved country are transmitted to foreigners , an event "Which I apprehend , will prove ac everlasting fiisad-TMifcige to tbijs country . Seeing , then , that the manufacture ol cotton in all ita braaches has arrived to sneh a state of perfection , not only on the continent of Europe , but in America ; » nd considering the privations that our countryman h 3 ve to ecGure . in consequence of improvements in machinery , I am decidedly of opinion that a repeal cf the Corn Lavs alone , is qaite inadequate to gi-re to this couatry thai protection whici the promoters of the scheme so vainly anticipate . A LOTEB OF HI COUSTBT . . MaachesUi , April 1 st , 1812 .
Untitled Article
TO THE PEOPLE OF IRELAND . Pslzotv Cocxtbthek , —In my letter of the 12 ih nit . I Kt before you the corruptions and reckiess tyraiu 3 y prsctUcd by the minionB of a state church , and I hops pryTc < 3 to your satisfaction thit ChristiaLity does not sanction deeds of oppression . I will now take up the sznii- snhjeet and examine tow far Mother Church ^ estrvea -Jie tuppat of the people , and what Tctorn she naiea , and wiiat Bervic « fctl © Itndera to religicn for ths teamiiijoES per a-riTiTiTn -which she draws from ^ he vi ^ Is of lLa pocr—ten milii oss sterl ing . ' : yes , ten million pou ? nswortb . of tie sweat and blood , the Eorrovrs and si ^ cciiEgs of the toil-worn and fimishiug poor' —ten m :, ii : ris "' pounds -worth cf the tears and anguish of the widow and the fatherless , given f jr the support of a paispered , bloated hierarchy for the pre-|
tended zdYzncement of religion sad the propagation of Christian ctar ; ty 1 Oh , what a blaspbemt-ua asstrtion to Bay that Ctilitiwoity requires a princely income to support it 3 prineplt 3 , wb . cn lie who laid the comer-stone of the edifice wis the poorest of the poor and preached the doctrines o ! poverty and self-denial ! Think of a Sate Chmch , calling herself the Church of Christ , re-< 3 PMEg ten miiliorjs ar . Tina . iiy to support her dignity , and ef the Son of QoS . begging Ilia bread Kill commanding his disc ? pl = s . to take neither scrip nor stiff , or be solicito us for the wants of to-morrow ! " Think cf the discipks KUing all they had acd giving fc » the poor , sndofthe Bistopa cf ^ o or State Ch urch grasping wi th iuBatiabie avarice the enormous Bum of ten millions from the- pockets of an oppressed and starving people f ® 1 millions , wrung from the expiring victims of tTransy and misrule ! A _ ni for what ? Answer me , thou old hypocrite . "WTiat do yon give in return for
such an enormous ium ? What do your Bishops , who boast of their immediate descent from Christ and the Apcsties do in return for the peopls who support them in tfflaence and luxury 7 Do they , like the men whom tfcey falsely reprtsent , labcur in their calling , and ¦ with metkntss and perseverance endeavour to extend that Chistian charity which their Divine Master suffered as ignominious death Vd establish ? Tbll me , do they in a Word , act as becomes their office , or are they worthy the name of Christians ? Ko . And why ? Becanse ilia " Sato Church " _ or these kingdoms ia based upon a rotten and corrupt ' foundation , and btirs no Eimllitade -whatever to the " Church of Cbrist and hii ApOEties . " They worked hard to establish Christianity and suffered the most intense privation ; but the Apostles of our 'f State Church" have , it would appear , no necessity to work . They have a religion " Cat and dry , " and ready to tbeir bands , -witti IttEdfl to tappoit Uj " Without doing the drudgery of making convert * .
Wnat a precious country it is , -where the people are carving and compelled to rapport and feed a swarm of kenss , which in Englaafl and Wales time , { without Mentioning the lxiab establishment ) number about 18 , 000 ! Yes , one of tlie TjlesBed frnits which the peo-Jiereap froEi their generous rapport , is the gratifying * nd unspestable pteasare of lookiDg at Mbs emooth-* ced , fcktk and &fc parsons , -who eat up eTMything % the glory t > f God ) , but -wbo oeTer produce anything * Te misery and distress . 1 know the Irish haTe a great fsacy for rack per-^» gts . f » j Oh ! yes , they love them and they onset ; i ?) ? f they have to snppcrt only twfenvj-iwo Bishops , g ^ st their own clergy are obliged to subsist npon 7 ^^> and tilfemselvea endnrrng t > i « most xtaheani-Qf ^ osions . . . : . ' w ^ ould asfc the peopls of Great Britain and Ireland Z ** they receive in return for tneir ten millions ^* i ly , ^ whicb . mother drereli to unswupulouilj
Untitled Article
demands for her subsistence ? What , I ask . do the people receive ? Every thing but gratitude Thb Disscuters are frowned upsn becausa they have the moral courage to declaim against so great an i ) ju ; tice ; and the Catholics are hated because they are tenacious of the faith of their ancestors . What sympathy have the Bishops for the souls of the people , or what care the parsons , so lc . Bg as they caa feast upon the mili and honey" of the Jand , atthair exptr-nsfe ? How can men who are part and p _ ir < wl and the very worst class of tfe aristccrscy , f-el-au int ^ wet in / davatiug the people , cm ? teaching them to be wise ¦ cx > 6 nijral ; wben they alrtady know that the ignorance of the nation is the treat cause cf their power , and thai cuch wisiiom would be the means of their own destsucu ^ n ' Or what cores the . lazr . luxurious Bishop , or the swesring , dr inking , f "X-hU&ting pkTSim , wto puKse > j li ih iviugs , bat "srao selUom set tht'ir eyes on thtir fl-ck , or the cjantry whtre they exis : ; al-on : the spiritual instrucdoa of £ ra poor .
Talk of touiatiagthe people ! oh jes ; thny will give you tLe palrrj sum of £ 30 , 000 , bntrbey will givs her Majesty ' s horses £ 70 , 000 , because I sujpose thty are of raortf &inscqicccc t ) the s ^ t « than you , vrh' 3 find the moTil'J , Dol OH ]} " t-J fted tut purchase iheai . Tbe people of Ireiand have many serious cau ^ a of COBijia ; rt against tht ; present system of church establistrfleijt ; nine-tenths of them are Catholics an 4 Dissenters , who never enter a church deor , and ytt they are compelled to pay the parson , although he spoor clrantabie ditcio ^ e ) denounces the very na-n wr . o support him , and swears they are isolators , and dtscrve to b ^ d—d . This is tha oath mother church rtquires h > r apostlts to subscribe to before they are considered qualified to demand your money , and plunder you of the fcar . t rvsulue of iil-rtqa tod la- our . What a DjocSery of Canstian charily , to consign you to eternU t-jniienrs , and at the saHie time hasten yoar oeparture to ttic > 83 Tegiuns by helping to starve you out of existence !
I have admired the charity of the Redeemer , who , po . Tss lie was , not only administered relief to those why r-teatd it , but stretched out his hand aad raised the ctad from the tomb to show , Li 3 love to his creators , and :. s aa * xa : aple cf t-ecevolenco to bu imitated by hi ? ciiscipks . Yes , he fed the multitude ana raised the vridow ' s . i _> n . He did not send the p .-ople avray hungry . m . r diet he Kqu / re the disconsolate mother to r . vrciT slie would pay him f- > r his servJces fur ra . sing her soa lri-ui the gTave , On , no ! But the parson of a state church has often witnessea the agonising misery of fiUiJohing humanity and turned tfco claimant fri . 'm Lis v ' . Ov . r ; he has ti . ktn the hie of tbe vrMo-. vVson , and ins presented the sacrsU volume in \ YL ; ch Ctiris . tiafl ckjity is written by the finger of a merciful Gad , ty tie lips of a wretched mother that she might swear * h » trouid psy him hie t : t-ies 23 a recompeuae for the bloody-deed he had cauimitted .
I neve wiiu > = sst ; d tha uuhoiy pillage , and shudcerta to tsLuld th = smoke and flames of your solitary stack , rising as if to heaven fur vengeance ; aud I have betn coufouniied at the fact , thai the hanJ -which committed tt . 3 vi ; e act , was that which claims to be the dispenser of ctirigUan charity . Yes , mother church is the incendiary , ana as tu .-h she deserves to be arraignea by the people . The puor man who in a moment of desperation fires , or attempts to ire his neighbour ' s cottage , or t » arn , is eonvicted as a felon , and suffers banishment cr death for his offence ; but tie censtcrated highwayman w £ o - ; for tbe glory of God )»?) thrusts a fire-brand Into lib suck of the -wirio-w or the orphan , escapes -with iiii ^ u ^ ity , and is protected by 1 » wb as villainous aEd urgust- " aa the p * r ; iea whom they ¦ Wtre made for . 1 wuuld ask vsho gave this right to a " State Cflurch , "
and from wbenc- - -the biabopa and parsons derive the authority to tT ample on tbe civil and . religions li'eerties of tLe j-btipU : ? X deny that God ever dictated such a dtctiUiw . ' or that Christianity sanctions deetis of oppression . " 1 do not btl . eve that religion rtquircB such an unholy aid , aud I fearlessly state , heaven dees not approvu of it . Whence then have they obtained this power ? 13 it from man ? Yes . Well then , I argue , as " they thu 3 act under the pretwece cf promoting the interests of religion and establishing the honour a * d gk-ry of Gx ! , and aa it appears that no such doctrines ¦ K- eie taught by the Redtt-mer , it follows , that according to \ he laws of " chrL-tiaa charity , " such acts are illtg ;} . And if man be tue s « urce of such power it must follow that tbe church which they thus support , is rot the church of Christ but the church of man .
Bat I deny that .-my man , or set cf men , havt .- a right to dilate toi the consciences of any person whatever . Ail iseu have a right tr > worship as they please , and oaght ru > t to be compelled to pay for the religious opinions of others . But this state cturcb says , we b : ; ve a power , and tha constitution of thtse countries has i ; ivrn it to us . and we wiU die by it Now let us see what tbJ 3 constitution is , or is it like tt > 8 consti uiion of the church , which 1 S 00 years ago , was established by Ciribt and his apostlss ? The bishops say they are ' appointed by divine grace . " Now I deny it—for if a trcs b = known by its fruits , we may safely assort ihat tLe B . i = hs HtT . F ^ tirrs in Qo < i , of our state church , ore appointtiu . from a source aa differenx to that which they b > claim to , as the antipodes . Who , then , you ask . or Jrum whence do they receive this csnat . -tationai or 'diviEB grace ? " What is the constitution thfcyare
K > j } Oi--y about ? W 2 : y I wiiJ just sh ^ W you , and then you wi 2 i be able to ju-i ^ e -for yourselves . It is yttll known that the church livicgu of England and Wales number abont lo . ooo ; of these a >> cut lt'CC * a ? e in tbe gift ef tbe Sovereign . It is customary , hoiravcr , for tha L- ^ rl Chancellor to present to all the livings . under tbe value of £ 20 in the Sovereign ' s book , and for the Minister of State to present to the rest . Those under £ 20 are 7 S 0 , and tho 3 e above near lgo . "Upwards of 1 , 600 pieces of Church preferment , of d . ffirent EZiS and descriptions , are in the gift of twentysix bishops s mere th * n eoo in the presentation of the two uxiversitieB ; abeut 1 , 000 in the gift of the several cathedrals and Other clerical institutions ; about 5 700 livings are in the nomination cf the nobility and gentry —men , women , and children ; and fifty or sixty there may be of a description different from the above , and nearer to the propriety of things .
Herd then is a constitution of divine grace ; here is the gift of the Holy Ghost conferred npen the parsons by men , women , and even children ; here ia the soxuee from which the parsons receive the power to plunder the people—a rdigio potidco Ckureh receiving its power from a heterogeneous mass of frail humanity , instead of receiving ita authority from the Divine founder of religion : and yet this is not even so bad as the system by which this Simoniacai traffic is carried on , and the evils arising eut of pluralities and non-residences . Many cf tae Irish bishoprics are filled up by the Viceroy from among the English clergy , and the bt 5 t livings are possessed by Englishmen . Tons betwixt the bishop , the parson , and Mother Church you are victimised , and ever will be until you obtain equal representation and a voice in tLe making of the laws which govern yon .
I will , with the permission of the Editor of the XoiiJiern Star , continue tb 3 B subject , as I believe it to be essential to expose the corruption of our present system cf Church Establishment , ar-d the duty of every lovsr of civil and religious liberty to do all in his power to dissever the unholy alliance which exists bttween th « Church and State , and establish in reality tfcat Christian charity which , is the basis of Uu = religion . I have the honour to be , Peilo w- countrymen , Your obedient humble servant , W . H . Clifton .
Untitled Article
; THE LOYAL NATIONAL Rf PEiL ASSOCIATION \ OF IRELAND , AND THE IRISH UN IYERSit- SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION . WHAT A 1 CONTKAST . ' i Deblijj . —It is dne to the people of Great Britain and ! Ireland , that the principles of these two Associations ; should be placed upon the imperishable records of the Xorthern Siar . \ It is almost unnecessary to say that tbe Loyal ; National Repeal . Association of Ireland was founded j by the greaC-the eloquent , the learned Daniel O"Cuf > ! nell , Esq ., M . * P ., Barrister-at-Law , and Liberator of ¦ the forty-shilling freeholders ; taat is to say , he UbtraUd 1 them - from the franchise—disfranchised 300 , t ; 00 of ! them ; and that tbe Irish Universal Suffrage Asaocuvj tion was fc-uaaed by Patrick O Hipgins and a " handful I of Chartists , " or , aa the great Liberator of the forty-: shilling freeholders was pleased to say , by " Paddy ' O'Hi-mns ai . d Ms Tiandfu . of Cliariisls . "
Pay particular attention to that part of the objects cf the Repeal Association , wherein it is stated that no man ilia- l be disparaged in his c ' af ? n upon the Government for bring a Hfj , < a ! erl iliud that , ye Chartists of the empire . How blind and stupid the man must b * who wouid tot see through that . Let the Irish Keptalersthe deluded . opponej ts of tha People ' s Charter , see it even now . H « e are the principles upon which the Loyal National Repeal Association tf Ireland has been founded , and drawn up in the handwriting of Daniel O ^ Connell himself , and signed by him as Chairman of the Committee .
The Chartists of the empire shall now judge if there is a single man to be found amengst them who would net be ashamed of such ridiculous jargon as the following . Yet it bears tbe signature of Danie ^ O Connell , Chairman of the Committee ; aad the Repealers tf Ireland and England ebeemi it to the echo , cut it out of the Irish Newspapers and pinned it to theiT bed curtains . i where they had tbemj in order to see it the first thing in the morning getting ap , and to admire it as a clear , defined , and beautiful specimen of English diction and sound political wisdom , and no humbug , but Repeal and no mistake ., Well , here are the principles and objects if the Loyal National Repeal Association of Ireland , unanimously adopted in August last , juit ONE MOSTH sfcer the last general election;—" First . Never to euppoit in future any ministry that shall not leave the Repeal tf the Union an open question in Ireland , that is amongst tbe people , as contraaisfiBgni&hed from the members of the cabinet
" Secondly . Never in future to support any ministry that dses not disclaim Finality * and declare in favour of farther Reform- ' " " ... " This , tiien , should be the basis of the operations of the Loyal National Repeal of Associatien of Ireland : — " I . Never to enter into any compromise even in the shape of postponement or delay in the agitation of the Repeal ,
Untitled Article
" 2 . To co-operate individually , but cordially with Refsrmers of England and Scotland in every exertim they make to procure further Rtf jrm . " 3 . "Never to support any Ministry that dees not leave the question of Repeal an open one to the Irish people . ' i . " Never to tnpport any Ministry , but one that avows 'further re / orm , ' and disowns ' finality . '" " Daniel O'Connell , " Chairman of the Committee . "
Mr . O'Connell—I Lave now t ) move that th 9 following resolutions , recommended by the Committee , be adopted by thia Association . Risolved— " That we are decidedly and unaiteraWy tf opinion thrt tha Repealers of Ireland cannot enterinto any compromise , even for postponement or delay , in the agitatiou of the Repeal , ¦ w ithout being guiity of a base dereliction of the duty they owe to their nauve land . " " That we declare ourselves perfectly ready to cooperate individually , but cordially , with the Reformers of England and Scotland , in every exertion thty make to procure further reform ; and we- tender them our active and unconditional support "
" That we are convinced that the Repeaiora cf Ireland caunotj without treachery to their cause , support any Slinistry that does not leave Repeal an open question to the Irian people- So that no man shujl be disparaged in his claim on the Government for being a Repealer . " " That we deem it right solemnly to declare our fixed convicticn , that no Repealer should , in faturv , support any Ministry but one tli-ut avows further Reform , and disclaims finality . "
Now Chartists tf the empire have you ever read such stark-it 3 rJDg nonsense , such tautology , such ridiculous , absurd j-irgojs aa the foregoing ? It is evident enough ' thati it was written to delude and bewilder . The Tribute Snnday was approaching ; it was therefore necessary to appear to be valiant and u ' neompromising on the Rapeal Question- While on the other hand Lord Eorington aud the Ministry could see plain enough that the Repeal was to be agitated in Ireland only . The right to . agitate ' to be left open -while the agitatora were not to be disparaged in their claims upon » Government wbich declared itself opposed to It-peal . There are none so blind as those who will not see . A short time prior to tbe p . issing of those high-sounding blustering * ilrasory resolutions . the-Ljrd Lieutenant , Lord Eorington , declared that Repealers should find no favour with tve GowTnmewt . smi hence this half threat to join tbe English and Scotch Reformers , alias Chartists ; . but
then even here there wa ? a savirg clause iri the proviso , that no man should be disparaged in his claim upon the Government for feeing a lt-pealer ! The Liberator , the R ^ psaler , got places frc-m the base , bloody , and brutal Whigs ( to whom he applied those names for their opposition to repwii ) for hisson-in-law Ckristopher Fi . zstmon , Repeal Member for the County Dublin j for his BOnin-law , Charles O'Connell , Repeal Member for the C » ur ty Kerry ; for hia son Morgan O Connell , Repeal Member for the County Meath ; for his son-in-liw , French ; for his nephews th . e O"Sulliv ;* . t s , Primroses , M'Stvecneys , &c , &c And now as his friendB the base , bloody , and brutal Whi ^ s are out , ( may they never get in ) the citizans of Dublin are to be taxed to make piaces for a fresh shoal of relations and hanger-on . But to the contrast between the principles of the Loyal National Repeal Association of Ireland , and the Irish Universal Suffrage Association , about which there can be no mistake .
OBJECTS OF TUE 1 E 1 SH UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION . I . To create a better feeling and a more kindly interchange of good tiffiies bttween landlord and tenant , between the firmer and labourer , and between the employer and iiia working men , in every state and grade of society , by seeking by every lawful aud constitutional means for Uuiveisal Suffrage : that is to say , for every male inhabitant of G ; eat Britain and Ireland of twentyone years of age and upwards , of sane Ulind , and not
convicted by a . jury of any feloniouB offduca , to have the right to vute at the election of a candidate for & Beat in Parliament ; the obvious effect of which -will be to cause tb . 9 upper classes of society to set a higher value upon the labourer and the artisan than they bave hitherto done ; and to consider the happiness and comfort of the working classes as the surest test of the landlord and the employer ' s respectability . II . For Vote by Ballot . III . For Annual Parliament ? .
IV . For Equal R « prfcscntati « n : that 13 to say , that Great and B .-itain and Iralanci shall be divided into electoral diEtrkts , each district to contain au equal number of vottrs , and each to seudan tqual number of nitmlers to Parliament . V . For the Abolition of the Property Qualification for Members of Parliament , which wiil have the effect of j u . ttng a stop to the open and palpable perjury of th-se -who are obliged to qualify out of a real estate of £ oOO or £ G 0 O a-year , as the case may be , before- they can sit in Parliament ; althoughsuch persons are known to have ner . hcr right , title , nor inteiest of any nature < jr kind whatsoever in the property out of which they h ' -ive qualified . VI . For each constituency to have the rj ^ ht to pay thtir Tepresentat . ves for tbeir time and str vices .
VII . For a Repeal cf the Legislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland , which cannot be achieved without the aid and co-operation ef the English Cbartists , by bringing their moral power to bear upon the five hundred and fifty-three British Members of Parliament , in favour of that measure , and which would be of DO benefit to Ireland , unless preceded by Universal Suffrage , Vote by Ballot , Annual Parliaments , Equal Representation , an * no Property Qualification ; and bec-U 8 Bthe enemies of public liberty would have a preponderating majority in b&th Hou-ea of an Irish Parliament , with the present constituency of Ireland . Patrick O'Higgiss , Chairman of tbe Committee . P . M . Bbophy , Secretary .
The Iriih Universal Suffrage Association will meet on Sunday , th << 10 th of April , at six o ' clock in the evening , . it their rooms , No . " 14 , North Anne-street , which "will bt tbtir usual place and honr of meeting thenceforward . There is a printed declaration tj the following effect in progress of signature through the city , and which has already obtained a great many names , some of whom were wholly unexpected : — - We the undersigned Electors of the City of Dublin hereby pledge ourselves never to vote for any Candidates for thiB city but those who will give ns a pledge , in writing , that they will snpport no ministry but one that will give its official arivecacy to Universal Suffrage ,. Vute by Ballot , ADnual Parliaments , Eqaal Electoral D stricts . Abolition ( f the Property Qualification , and Payment of Membeif . "
Untitled Article
THE CASE OF MR . JAMES BRONTERRE
O'BRIEN . TO THE CHABTISrs bF GREAT BRITAIN . BBOTUEE CHARTISTS , —I am Informed , on good authority , that yonr well-tried friend- * -the champion of your political and aocial risht * , James Bronterra O'Brien , is , in * few weeks , about to issue a jaampiber , solely devoted to the people ' s cause , which paoer , to succeed , nmst of course be supported by the people ; and it is to impress upon you the necessity of giving the required support that I b » w addressyou . yoa-are all doubtless well aware , * that of the many tvlentedmenwhom we h » v © amongst us , Sot sne is more feared , and consequently more hated , by the fac ^ tions ^ tban M pnr redoubtable "Schoolmaster . " He is feared by them , becanse they know full well the power ¦? ui , mind like his bxmti over public opinion ; and hated , m consequence ef tha direction which he gives to that power . . . .. *¦ . *'
He tmbeea prosecuted pnblicJy , a « d persecuted privately , with a vitulecce UDparallelea in the annuls of despotism . Tile law-enfor ^ il shafts of a tyrann c ^ l Government have beoa ( liicbr . reed at him unsparingly , and the much more keenly . pokted avro ^ s of class selfishness and Maiumenist cupidity have been profusely "let fly" against this unconquerable philanthropist The former—that is , "his public prosecutions—are known to all ; but the biter—private fip ' cen- ^ can be known only to thoBe who are acquainted with hia private history . * . ( . " * . . . - * : ¦¦ , * : ¦* ¦¦ ¦ - .
This man—this . br ight star in our political firmament —he who has suffered , - has undergone so much for us , has not been— -is not properly supported . This Chartiata do not seem to appreciate hia services ; they seein to forget Ms ma * uifo ) d tx ^ rtions ' in their behalf ; -they forjjet his labours in t ! ie Poor STau s Guardian , in the Weekly DispatcJt ,, in HetheriwjtuU S Twopenny -JO . ifpoUcA , \ n the Destructive ,-in the London Mercury , and iri the Isational Re former ; they forget the incalculable service which be has rendered to the cause of Radical Keform by his Translation of Buonarotti ' s Hietory , and by his Lifs and Citarnctcc of Maxivuiliiin Robespierre ; or , at least , if they do not forget these things , they do not manifest the disposition towards him which they oueW . : * •• ' . ' . ¦'¦ . * '¦ "¦¦' . ¦ ¦ ' :
tio ma not now in his posse-ssion anything like the fonds adequate tJ the-arduous uadertakinij in Which be is about to engage ; and yut no effort * are being niade . — or comparativelyinone— to assist hirii in this - emergency . Everyrtflsoting man mutt feel-sensible ttir . t if O'Brien be not sapported , and that en ' urgcticaily , it will be . - ' ato irrtmediabla injury itflxted upon our good cause—the cause of the poor , opprmed , degraded millions . Would it not be an eteraol disgrace to us as a party- ;—a party desiriflg the overtkrow of tyranny—to have deprived ourselves , by oar apathy , of the . aid of ouo who is iu himself a phalanx ^ Taia backwardness on our part operates in a two-fold , inannei-: it not only drives from among us aa iadividual of talent ; but the example tends fca preveat men of a Bimilar stamp endaugeriug their prospects of iuccess in lifo- ' by isonnection with a party who are unwililng to support tkem in their efforts to secure their count : y ' a freedom .
The Chartists have done much , they may do more " where there is a / will there is a-way *'—" ways and means" w-ili accomplish -wondei * . . Allow me , then , publicly to suggest a "way" by which the " means " may be acquired , to essentially accomplish ' 'the end in view , that is to say , the bvinging out of a people ' s paper . . Let the members of the General Council throughout the couutry cemmenco at once a siniultanaous canvas of the Chartists gene rally for subscribers to the forthcoming piper ; let them exhort all who can to pay a quarter in advance ; let them get two or three conjointly to subscribe , where they are unable to do so individually , and supposing the quarterly subBcriptibn to be five shillings , it would amount to but tyro shillings and sixpence in the one case , and one shilling and eightpence in the other . Let tke sums thus advanced be transmitted by the receivers to : » fr . ' -6 . Brieni ' iec « ivingin return an acknowledgment for the papers being sant when issued direct to th 1 * Hubscribers .:
By vigorously pushing this plan for trard , you-would not only guarantbe a good circulation to begin with , but you would secure the success of this great undertakings by enabling your champion to overcome the financial diflicuit ' . es under wliich he now labours . And now one word In conclusion , when the paper does come out , you are morally bound in justice to the great principles you advocate to see that the . - 'combined efforts of opt n enemies an < l pretended friends do not in this ease ( as they have in many others ) bufk the endeavour of O'Brien to Bpread souud political knowletlgo amongst the people . Warily watch with eagle eye the ' agents , " see that they get you the paper , do iut be refused , have it j and you will ' have gratified * tbe earnest wiah of You ? friend and fellow labourer in thfl cause ct Democracy , Arthur . O'NEitL . Jlanchester , April 4 th , 1842 .
Untitled Article
THE STO ^ E MAb'ONS STRIKE , FKOM THE NEW HOUSES OP PABLiAMENT , AND ¦ ¦ KEIStHS . ' S MONUMEiN'T , LONDON , AND Till : WOOLWICK DOCKYAKD , To the Public and ( he Trades of Great Britain and Ireland . " Can ' ye * believe ' yourMivihg ia a life , S' Btiukingly depending Y '—Heasurefor Measure , - " If this be snre , '
To do ought good never will be our task , But ever to do ill oursole delight " —Paradise Lost . Brethren , —Notwithstanding the ptivation and wantuuto which we are unraeritedly subjected , an unbroken and decided f ^ ont 1 b etill maintained against tUat citadel of cruelty and corruption from which we have so brutally and determinedly been assailed . We , however , amidst all our poverty , are tqually determined — -under no circumatances \( ilL we reliTiquish a single jot of our position— " cumewoal , come woo , " we will struggle with the enemy to the very last grasp . At the Houses of Parliament , as we have before reported , lit-Utt profe'reaa is perceivaWe . The number now on the funds from these works and tixe Monument are reduced to eiohty . :
As an evidence of the cIoBe-driven position of our opponents ,-wo quote tte iollowiug from the Sunday Tivies newspaper of Sunaay , the 20 th inetv and by which you will perceive ic baa gone the round of the Metropolitan press j— '
" PAOORESS OF PUBLIC WORKS . " The two men who have been long ; employed upon the Nelson monument in Trafalgar-square , have , it is mentioned in the papers , been obliged t- > suspend their operations in constquance of an inadequate supply o { granits 5 The reBult is , that thia national work does not proceed with its former rapidity of about an inch of podeatal every three months . " / , ¦ ' From Woolwich we have tae following : — "March , 1842 . " I have to inform you that there was a number of the black fJiamonda" discharged Oil SatUVilay llightthe exact number I cannot Rive . Three smiths , three carpenters , and a number of labourers , were also discharged , which is a strong proof that we are y ^ ry fast gaining ground upon our opponents , '—Numbers out 37 .
At Plymouth and Dartmoor matters aro much the same a 3 last reported—each party using every possible means to dtfeat the other . —Numbtfr put at these places 53 . ' ! > . From Penryn our delegate writea , " That Mr . Hosking , who needs at this time a hundred men to execute his orders , has only eighteen—as also thai G . & P . have been again unsucce ^ ful in their attnmpta to induce other quarry-masters and stpne-merebants i . ii that locality to furnish them with granite . " , —Number oatS .. ' ; ¦ '¦ " '¦ ¦ ' ' ¦' . . .. .. ¦ . ; '¦ .... - ¦ This Is a brief outline of the circumstances u&vlex which we are at present placed . Keflect upon them in connexion with our general conduct thus far through the trying ordeal , and say are they worthy a continuance t-. f that confidence anu suppoxt almost uuivaraaliy pledged to us ut ita commencement .
Alluding to the inevitable conficquences resulting to a cemmunity when from a low rate of wages its producing ppitioiis are in " stinkSngly depentHng" arid tiepressed circumstances , Ai'Cuiioch huva the following observation : — . . " Nothing can be so ai | nally disadvantageous , so overwhelmingly disastrous to any people , as a permanent depression in the rate of wages , or a decline in the opinions of the labohriDg class respecting what is necessary for their corufo tible and decett subsiBtence . No country can ba fljurishing when the rate of real wages is low , and none can . ba long . depressed -where tbat rate is nigh . The labourers are the Binewa of agriculture , of manufacture , and of commerce ; their numbers are not estimated like those of the other classes , by hundreds , by thousands , or even by hundreds of thousands :, but by millions ! It is by their labour that our machinery is constructed and kept in motion , and it is by their industry and ingenuity that we are
enabled easily to support burdens , that could torjly be snppotted by any other people ; every thing , then , that may hare the slightest tendency to depress their condition , or to sink them in the scale > f society , ought to b « particularly guarded sgainsfe . Those who feed anddolhe all tbe rest , ought themselves to bcujcll fed and itxll ehlhed ; they are the foundation of the social pyramid ; and so long as the standard of natural or necessary wages continues high , tnis foundation Will be solid and secure , for so long will the labourers be induitri 3 U 3 aad orderly ; but if tbia standard be permanently reduced—if the labourers be once brought to place their dependence on the cheapest food , and to rtst satisfied with mere necessaries , the Want of tmfflcient motives to exertion will , infallibly render them idle and dissipated , the spirit of indU 3 try by which they are now so eminently distinguished will evaporate , and witn it the merals , tbe prosperity , and the happiness of Britain . " ^ ¦ ¦ . - . ¦ ; 'I ... ' . : ¦ " ' : : -..- v '¦ .,... ¦ ¦ . ¦ - ¦; '¦ , ¦¦ .. : ¦ . ¦" ' ¦ ¦ : ' . ' :
The depression here contemplated is already too maBifest Intolerant fanaticism and class legislation ( both of which it is broadly asserted are essential to the social order of society ) bare made frightful inroads upon the righto and immunities of the industrious
Untitled Article
classes . " But , " says Channing , were I , on visiting a strange country , to see the vast majority of the peor pie mairned , crippled , and bereft of sight , and were t told that Bocial order required this mutilation , I shtuld say , perisih this order : Who would not think his unaer-8 ta . hding , as well as best feelingg insulted by hearing thisBpohen of as the intention of God . " Nor ought WE to look with less aversion on a social system which can only be upheld by " crippiing" by excessive toil , and starving by inadequate remuneration , the great mass of omr order , Fi « m BKAif we quote the following : —
" In defence of the present aocial system , the capitalists and bnjpleyers , wiien they hear of disssatisfeccion , tell us that the working cliiss of the anited kingdom have little or nothing to complain of—that they liv * URder institutions comparatively free—that they can either wprfe or let it alone—aud that they are beiter fed , and clothed , and educated , than even kings were in times of old . ; To renaet y « fc more striking the contrast between the present and the past condition of the producera , old rtoouls are brought forth t ? show that the wprkinjgf men of former tinies were bought and sold , like so many horses , along with the •" efctate to which they were attached—that tbeir houses were !» at asseatblagesof sticks and stones , with windowsdestitut ) of gl-6 s— . that they slept upon rushes strewed upon a
dump clay floor , and haii a log cf wood for a pillow--that they lived upon the coar . siit fcod , and scarcely tasted fl « sh a d ^ ain times in tha ye ar— -that they had neither books * newspapers , nor knowledge , and had to either work or fight as their masters and owners thought fiS . '" . ; -If ail this be tiue , and the working c ! ass be now much better off than their predecessors were .. it ia no reason why thsy should' not be atill better iff , and equally as well off as those who tell them to hold their toos . iics i aod be con tfcn ( tadv 5 'itLi this positdm which they b <» . w occupy . All hilipiness is comparative ; and it is not ia hiiiuan nature to remain satisfied ' with any station , bo long as it is cognizant of a better ; nor will
men subiuit to be measured by a low ftindatd , bo long as tht'te is n-higber one in existence . Why should enormous ttiasses of WQiith be in tli « possession of -the * die and . the profligate , when the industrious and the honest are without a penny f Way should well-fed and weliclotbed insigniflcan . e roll Blothfully along in its splen-aid vehicle , In pursuit of new gleasareB to : t <; opt its palled appetite , and the toil-worn artisan bo cowpellecl to plod to his ' daily Work with half-c ! othe « t # ack and hungry belly ? There is no reason given , for there is not one to be found . The iinniaculate spirit of juatica wbich exitts tbroughcri' -, creation , teils men , iri accents of eternal triitn , thitt he never instituted these moat uirjuBt distinctions amongst them .
" The productive classes of the United Kingdom are weighed to the earth by such a variety end niultipiicify of buitaens antl wronfis , thut enumeration and description both fail in bringing into view the surh total . The ills they auffor are Brought bpme to them thrt ugh every sense ; for sight , hearing , smell . toflte , and feeling , alike proclaim the wrong , and tell meni tbat remedy is needed . ¦ /¦ *'* v ' - '• ¦ '¦ ' - ' *' : ¦ ¦ ' " . ¦ . - . ' . ' ; , : ¦ - . ¦ " That remedy is in the hands of the working classes themselyer . The appropriation' of their united means ( n a manner calculated So benefit them , instead of placing it inthe hands of thbse wha convert it into weapons to secure them , ¦ would prove a panacea for tho entire of thdr miseries . Channing says— " The great obaiacles fa the improvement of the labouring
classes are in themselves , and may therefore be ovetcoi-ae , They tvant notliiny but Hie tw'tf . Otttward dirnculty . will shrink and vanish before them , just as far as they are bent on progresa-i-just as . far os the great idea of their , own improvtiulcnt » b . aU take poasession of tboir tiiinds . I know thaV many will smile at the suggetition that the labourer may be brought to practise thrift and self-denial for the purpose of becoming a nobler being . But such sceptics , having never experienced the power of a grand thought ot generous purpose , arena judges of o * . tiers . They may be assured , howevi . 'r , that e ithusiastn is not wholly a dream-, and that it is not wholly uncatural for individuals or bodies to get the idea of something higher ana more inspiring taan their past attainments . "
The subordinate and humi liating station m society we at present fitenpy can only . be the 6 ffcct of our own Sttrvility—a want of coiifidence in ourselTts . We have long bud the power if we had bad the will to improve our condition to a muc ' a greater extent than wu have experienced , but bava been eithei * too indoluct or too careless fully to exercise it . This . apathetic conduct j « u * t be abandonud . Tlio mutnal dependency of tbe traces ' , and the iUentity of tbeir inieidit * shouhl stij ; mlate them to gather up their anergies and consolidutc their strehgth , that an unbroken froafc . niay be presented to the cy ;; imon foe . It is by our own efforts only—by being true and faithful to each bther—that our regeiicration can bo effected . ' " Think hot , indeed , the despot's heart , For y »* «^» f « el—for you caa part With what La ne ' er sweat to oot tin , Nor e'er yet felt oppression ' s chain ; Nobly then hasten to the call . On warci wostand—back wardwe falL " We beg to subscribe ourselves , , Gratefully yours , . ' ! Tjie Maso . ns' Society , . Thomas SHoiiXT , Sec , < 5 , Agnes Street , Waterloo-road , Lambeth , March 30 fcii , 1842 .
3emwvter ^Arltamettt
3 Emwvter ^ arltamettt
Untitled Article
JIOU 3 E OF COyiMOlSS- 'Mondaf / , April i . The House re-assembled this evening aft&r the EaBter recess . " . - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ¦¦¦ - ¦ ' ¦ ¦¦ ¦ ¦ . ¦ ¦'' ¦ : ' - ¦ ¦ ¦ : : ' . '¦ ¦ ' ¦ ' - Out of consideration for the anxiety of the many persons ^ hose private interests are involved in the subject of the forged jixchtquer Bills , Sir li ; Peel gave it priority before the other business of the day . The Hou * e having accordingly resolved itself into Committee on the bill for appointing a Commission of Inquiry into the cases of the various holders , Sir T . Wilde moved amendments en several sections ; and proposed two additional clauses , one for enabling the claimants to be heard by attorney or counsel , and the other for compelling an early report from the Cummissioners .
Thu SoriClTpa-GEKEKAL stated it to be the intention of the G- > verunieiit that the evidence in general should be reparted ; but as there might be particular cases in which the publicattod of the facts might be inexpedient , he would rather not niake the bill compulsory in this respect . He thought there might be : much inconvenience and delay in giving a geaeral right of being heard by counsel . Sir li . IngwS ur ^ ed tho necessity of despatch . Sir K Peel acceded Vo the general pTiiiciple of giving publicity to the evidence , but wiahed to , -illow to the Comaiissionfcra , aa being men worthy of all confidence , a ( liscretipn both as to this point and as to the circumstances in which counsel ' . "' -should be allowed . ¦ - . ' .
Lord J . RussEi-t thought that tho Cimmissir » ners cujht ti ) report tho -jvhole to the Treasury , and that tho Troasury ,. and not they ought . to deteimine what sbouW or snoulti not be puWigbed . HaconteudeiVfor allowing the liberty to be heard by counsel , wherever tbe claimants iiiigbt deaire it . :-. The AlxoRNiiY > GEPiERAL argned that the muUifariousf and .. unliiui . te . it character of the inquiry would make it extremely inconvenient to allow aa absoiuts right of being heard by couuse ? . Colonel Si BTHORP wisheil for a clause to make those high ctBcers responsible by whose negligence this loss hud occurred ; and be desired to fenow Eoniethiiig about the remuneration of the C ' Dimiiis-sion .
Sir R ; Peei- answered , that it raigbt be better to postpone this last consideration until it sh-juid bo Been what was likely to be th « . weisbtacd durniiou i > f tb « Jabuur ; jmd he adJed , with reference to some farther obserTations interposed by Lord 3 j . Rusa = U . " tbat the Treasury would take the rsBponsibtllty of determining what should be published aud what WithV . eut . SivT . WitDE observed , thit this was not a case in which the general regard due to the interests of indiyi . ' . ui ; 8 ought to be waived by reason of the confidemje claiihtd for certain Commissioners . If the biHs had been private securities , the holders , in any actions upon
them , would have had the benefit of legal aid . But these securities being public , and the holders having therefore no remedy by actioUj all benefit and induleenca ought surely to be enlarged rather than narrowed . Tiiere was no auch TUultifatiousneBS as the Attorney-General suggested ; tho issues would be simplo enough How ehouUi the Commissioners , sit-. inc ; a « jadges , know to ¦ what facts they wore to cxaTuiu ^ ? Tne delay which might be caused by some lengthy speechos was not a cbnsideration to be set against the substantial interests of justice ; nor wtre the ordinary tights of parties : to be denied them merely because their jadaea were man of
undo'ibtod chavacter . :. Sit W . Folleit iidmittei the general fitaess of hearing counsel ob thesa cassa ; but objected to gvse > such a right as would virtually take th e conduct of the inquiry away from the Comnvlssionerg , and place it in the hands of any party who might choose to employ oounsei before tacm . ^' : ' " -. "¦"' : ¦¦! . ¦¦ " '¦"' : ' . ¦ - ¦ " - ' ¦ : ; " " ' ¦'¦ - ; SirB ; INOI-IS was content that tb ^ matter Bhould be left to Uie discretioa of the CommiBSioners . Mr . WAKLEYthou « ht that if there was ttcios- nnder-Btandiag to the effect iritimated by the Soiicitor-O sneral , if the admission of counsel were to be the general rule , and their exclusion only the exception , Sir T . Wilde would have substaatlaily gained his object Without pressing his clause ^ :: Mr . C ; Bvttzs . hoped that In tke eoMtruction of this fcriban ^ there would be no deviation ftosk 'the general modtt of conducting legal inquiries .
Sir B . Pbbl > aid that if there ^ ^ innst needs in all cases be counsel against the Crown , tnere-aust also in all cases be counsel for the Grown . Thess pommisslpners wire not to decide , but only to report . Sir Tv Wilde iiuisted on the iBJastice of allowing the CummiBsibnera to admit or extlude wbat evidencs they pleasei . Wera they to select the ¦ witiiesses for examination . ? If ihera were pljectwnB a « ai » st auy particular claim , h > wyrere they to learn those objectjona " ? Not , he hoped , ; by private commanication ; the only fakr way was the open one , the counsel for each claimant fltatiug - his ease , and the douusel for the Treasary theira . If thU InqiHry bad been left to Committee of the House of CoromoDB . would couiflei hare been exilBded ? Be wonld not be con-
Untitled Article
tent with a meve understanding o > n such a suhj -ct ; what was fit to be undur .-tood was fit to bo directi , " . Mx . Granyille VeRNON . thouijh himself quite satisSftd with \ the arsutaenia against the c ! att * i- was sure its rVjection would produce so much diasatistact-on among the ciaiiuanis , tins he much wiehed to Sve the Government cpnee-ie the insftrtion of it . . ; Mr . Kkmble . feared that . the clause wou ! d l < ufc injure . ' th ' . > sa-who sought it , ! by bringing the An >; ru « y and Solicitor Ggueral ctfore the ConimisEU'ii v : ; th all their weight to . - . opposs' each claiai suppprUa by Cdunsel . Mr . Baring considered that tho pattioa and- the public oiKhiHmutually to liava their iiittrests prottiitid bythethorpugb sifting , of C junsel on butii sifitK . is o steps ought to be tak « nvrt '») ut tbe presence p' C uu >> al for tbi > Crown , and counsel ought therefore to be admitted for ' the claimant
The SoMciroR General acknowledged t }> r . t if counsel wore heard on one side , ' thsy luU 3 t be fctat J .. OH the othor ; but he thousUt the GouiinissioKers wij- ' ufc ¦ best determine in each c / se whethtr counfiel ' bhisaih be admitted at all . . ^ : ; . Mr . H , ardy observfcd , tbat if the CommLwioncira would be Obliged , as be thought that in pi .: ns . " -of decency they would ba , t *> aduufe couasel xu 'j > v « ry ' ca > e ' , - this was . a contest about , straws , and tbe best-Way would batoaccapt tue clause . Mr . Hawes said , that to exclude counsel on > . me claims aBd . aiiimt them on ttbers , would raist ; v ptejuiiice agiiinst the merits of those cases in wii ' . ou it should be decided that counsel were necessary . Mr . Attwood and Mr .. Was ' OM' said a few words each , aad tbe committee dividtd ,
For the clause ... ... ...... 77 Against it ... ... ... ... 64 Majority ....... 13 The remaining clauses having been disposed of , and the cbair having been resumed by the Spt-iifcer , Sir 11 . Peel moved that the Houao should resolve * itself into Couimittee of ways and means . , ' . This step , necessity in order : to tbe passing : of the rfesoluviocs on fihaaca and commerce , was opiiosad by Mr . Biewitt , who moved , by way cf ivmeridnieut or , the rnotian for tiie Speaker ' s lpaving / the chair , a rear'luiLou pf-hia own , pu : porling that the House would piistjioue the eonsidevation of the Ministerial ' resolu ' tiua" for raising a tax i upon inepmo until they . should ba further informed about tUe ; duties proposed to ba reduced . - ¦ - . "" - ¦ ¦' ; ' - . ' ' - ' . ¦ ¦' - ¦ ¦'¦ :
Mr . Shaiimam CitAiVFonD disapproved both the budget of Sir K . Peel and tliat of the late Ministry , " but desired to have it understood that he was not speaking a * a party , msn . Mr . T . Dwscombe said , a notion hud gone ahtoacl that theit&rifF seas iikely to be postponed ; ha wished to know whether it had ever Grossed ; the mind of Sir li . Peel to postpoae it ? Sir R . - Pebl said it had not , except for the purpose Gf consideration . The tariff , so rfc-considertd , would be ready on Monday , and he-trusted it would not be
fonnd by the House to require further alteration ia any material respect . Bcyoiid that thort and necest . a , ry period he had never thought of : postponing the 8 Ul > jr'Qt . Tbefe was a general impres&ion ^ that fee Booufct ihe public should definitively know what the financial . md comnjerQial measure was to be , the greater --would be the advantage to the national interests . He hoped , now that the holydays had given time for the explosion of popular indignation with which he had be « n threatened , ' that there / would be vio further delay in the preliminary vote on which that meivsure - . vaa to be founded . .. '¦ '• ¦ . :
Mr . Elli . ce thanked Sir R . Peel for his general progress towar'da commercial remission ; but he di ri no * approve the reduction of duty on timber . He fi ' . ould biive preftrrad a present addition to the duty on Canadian timber , which could well have borne it : with a view , when , the circumstances pf the country mi «; bfc aiio-w , to taks off that daty ixqiI tho duty on f-. ir .-ign tijnber both together . As it was . he tbought Sir B . Peelwiis makiiig a needless sacrifice of re ^ tsiue . He had no objection to the general principle Sf a direct taxation , > ut he could not sanctiou a tax upon the income of a profession , or of a perhaps declining trade , like th ; it of his own conitituents . He had , however , too much confidence in the honest intentions of Sir Robert Ptel , to voto agaiiiss the preliminary resolution . ' . "' ¦¦ ¦ '•'
Mr . T . DUKCOJlBE explained , and * aftei n few words from Siv Kobsrt Petl . Mr . 310 wilt withdrew hia amendment , and . the House went into committee . , The first resolution was passed withi-ut a debate . On the second . Mr . A 3 , Gibson said , he saw no retwon fir hoping thufe the pro ; ossd iticoma tflx ^ ould be a merely temporary imposition . Thistaiift" w « uld never make up the defioitsney . Perhaps there wera further commercial reforms in view ; if so , he wished they had been brought forward now , ¦ while the country gentlemen were yet subservient to the nsw Government . Ha knew not , howeyer , why there should not be a property tsx permanently superseding all other tsxea . / The people could not pay public taxas , and aiso taxes for tha benefit of patticulaa : classes . To th « inequility of ; an . income . 'tax he wboiiy o ' ojected . It would leud to evasions and fnuds , and so to the em « ployment of spies for the couateraction of them .
Some discuBsion followed , whetheF the Cliairman in putting the quesHon on tbe first resolution had given sufficient time for memborsto rise in opposition to it ; Mr . Rice , who had Wished to spe&k , hating lost his opportunity .. * ' - , v > - ; -- ' ' - : - ' :- ' - : ¦ ^ \ :- . :- ^ - .- .: ,- ; - ' -.- "¦ - ' - " Mr ^ Rice then said a fev ? -wbrds , intimating hi 8 disapprobation of the principle of an income-tox . In consequence of some further observations from Mr . G ; 1 BSON , : r- " : - ' : '; ; ' : '¦ ' V '¦ , \ - '¦ .: ' . - ¦'•' " : V ¦' cJir Kobkrt Peel explained , that though he adhered to his opinion in favour of the principle of an Income Tax , and intended to do his best for the pur * pose of obtaining a vote to that effecb , be had never said tbat he would throw u p his measure rather than allow of any alteration in the details of it . He bad never stated nor intended any tiling bo diBrcspectfui to tho Bouse . ¦ . ¦ . -
ftlr . VVALLACaobjsctsd to an Income Tax on the ground of the inducement which it would hold out to commercial men to overstate their incomes . He proceeded , in a strain which raised some laughter , to defend hiinssif and hia friends from the charge of faction in their midnight divisions before the vacation . Mt . Cur . isTsiAS , who spoke amidst TOUcll-iioisa ,. was Understood to support the resolution . Mr . Wakle y wished to know why a . provifiion iraa made fer the farmers , exempting ... "'" . them from that
scrutiny to which all the trading interests were left liable—a provision exempting them from all payment upon the fncorae of any farm rented below £ 300 a year , and limiting their liability on any higher rent to one-half sf its amount . iGrreat reductions in the ; import duties wera about to be made , from which the working people would suffer severely ; for tho R : ght Honourable Gentleman would thus bring various forciga articles into the home market without at all lowering the price of bread to the maBiifacturers of the same articles here .- : : . '¦ •' - . ; ;
Mr . W 0 rtley , said , tho answer to Mr . Waklcy ' a qaes--tionVwaa , that in the case of t&e farmer there Waa > test of income , wliick in tht caaa of the trader waa not to b 8 obtained . But h ' u-iuust ' Baly , Uiat the favmer would rather submit to any scrutiny ttian to the heavy tax which this test imposed upou . him . : "' . ; . ' . . ' / ' . --., . Sir JR . Peel observed , that the opposite opinions expressed by Mr . ' . Wakley and Mrv Woitley were some , evidence tbit minisSers had endeavoured to « teer a middle and a fair coarse . I a answer to Mr .: Wakley , he referred to a repreaentation which be bad that day received from a uumeroua body of iarmera , desiring to be taxed like persons in other lines of business , rather than by the proposed test . Among the : farmers , however , as w « ll as through the country in general , he found a strong disposition to make an exertion for the
mair , tinance of public credit j though it wu observable that each class remonstrated 3 little Ogalust the particular mode in which . Itself was . taxed . He had never ptomised , as Bomeapprehended , to propose the removal ofthis tax at the end of thiee years ; he had , itdeed , framed the present measure for three years only , but he had , on its very first introduction , expressed his hope that at tbe expiration of that terra it would ba continued by Parliament for a coaple of years longer , by ; which time ha trusted that the benefits of the tariff would have come inta : full operation . Ha repeated his conviclion that much relief would meaawhde be derived to ill c ' . ass&a from the greatsr cbeapr neaaof living ; nnd he exhorted tha House n « t to dinnnish tho efficacy of sj important an instrument as an Income Tax by quilifyina it with exemption ? .
Lord JpHW UvsSELL felt tha inf-xped ' ency of so qiialifyiag the income-tax ; but he also f ^ fc ^ that Tery inexpediency as . a strong argamant for not ittiposing it at all . The tariff did not present a fair arrangement for it exposed the British workman to the disadvantage of forelga competition , without giving him acorresponding cheapness of foreign corn . He thouirht the farmers too had been rather ill-used in the tariff , especially by ft Ministry calling themselves tha farmers ' particular ' .-friends , when foreign cattle wete let in with so lirtlo > arain ^ . The farmers thought they were safely following the front rank , when suddenly tbat front rank turned round and fired in upon them . Taa present f , ! an would have * been better if its own principles had been carried Into fail tfifect ; but they were executed only in a-partial and imperfect mariner .
The Chairman requested permission , before he put the second resolution , to say that in putting the first he had not been aware of the intention of any member to address the chair , r ' ¦ ¦; : . ¦¦;¦ . " ,,. " ;•' -.. ' ^ : ¦ ' ¦ " ;; . - Mr . Williams said a few vords s after whl < ai the second and third resolutions were passed , without divlsU ' n-, and the House resumed ; the report was ordered to be received oa Thursday , « ad the House adjourned . "¦ ¦ 11 1 1 ' ' 1 1 « n ^^ Bfcp » i » H 1 ¦ ¦¦ ¦¦ "¦¦ . ¦ ¦
Untitled Article
A VOICE FROM PRISON . To tiie Laisouju > - g Classes of Gkeai Britain A > D IRELA-ND . ESPECIALLY TO THE ASSOCIATED CHAaTlhTS—L-t Hie advise you all t > bu total abstainers not only from all intoxicating liquora , but from tea , cuffce , tobacca , ard snaff , and all Excisable articles , except p ^ ptr f or letters nnd newspapers , and the postage for letters tud stamps upon newspapers . Let no man say it is impossible to do without the use of Excisable articles , for I have now been upwards of two yeirs , and have otither tasted tea , coffee , sugar , or snuff , and 1 pledge myself that I will never eat or drink any Excisable urticie . uutil the Charter becomes tbe law of toe land . Lee every working man do the same , and thty wi ! l not be l"ngbefore they have tbe
Charter the law of the land—let them at the same time coniumnce exclusive titaling . If you will abstain from the shops of tbe Whii ? s and Tories , and all places ¦ where intoxicst ag rquors are sold , and support those sbopkeepers which are favourable to the Charter , and frequent the well and pump taverns , where the landlady ' s With 0 U 8 aim , never refuse to draw their whoJescnie and . refreshing beverage , without money and without price , except they are unable to eraw for want of soaia repairs , and the inevitable const" quenccs of your doing so , will be the Charter fjr Great Britain , the political freedom of Ireland , tbe Repeal of the Corn Laws , and the obnoxious Poor Law Amendment Act ; and aurely , it will , be bttter f < r us to sacrifice every luxury for a * hort time , and put an end to the coLtast , on
than leave our posterity toora ^; a miserable existence for years , for as long as we have aristocrats . miUoerats , and money-mongers for tovr-makers ; tbe f : ces of the poor will be kept upon tbe grindstone . And now , my dear friends and fellow slavts , let me prevail upon you to use liquid as you receive it from the pump , in preference to tbe beve « is > e 3 ¦ Rbii -h are made from exciseable articles . You have ail tbe Chartist big guns at liberty , flock round them , and support them with your small arms to the utmost of yaur pu wtr . For O'Connor , Brohterte , and all the rt » t of the big guns pat together cap do nothing without your assistance ; and with yonr assistance they can do every thing . Be firm and temptrat « , and you will be able t ~ i carry every thing your own way . Encourage the corn law rcpsaltrs to call mefctuu ? s , and turn them into Chartist mtetings , and you will soon rout the enemy ami pub an end to their agitation . And last of all , I most eareestly implore
you to assist and relieve the wants tf the poor women and children who are victim Zid , by their husbands and others being incarcerated and disabled by the malice and brutal treatment » f the base , bloodthirsty , and cruel Whigs . If every man and woman professing Chartist principles , wonl i only Bubscribe a single penny each , for the poor helpless victims , it would drive want ana misi ry from their dwellings , and be a means of eheering the hearts and raising the spirits of these poor , distressed ¦ women . Surely their sufferings are severe enough in being deprived t f their husbands , the partners of all their joys and Borrows , without being oppres sed by hunger and nakedness . I agfcin earnestly apptal to yeur sympathy on behalf of these poor , helpless victims of Whiggery ; and I hope , nay , I feel confident , tbat you will nobly respond to my appeal on their behalf .. 1 now bid you farewell for tbe present , and I have the honour to etjie myself a victim of Whig malice , bound fast in iron , brick , stones , and mortar ,
William Brook Hcnse of Correction , ?? orthallerton , March , 21 st , 1312 .
Untitled Article
Execution .---Joseph Wilkev convicted . at the Stafford assiz 33 of the murder of ai old maa of tha name of Adama , at Delves Bank , VVedneaburvysraa executed on Saturday in front of the Stafford County taoL' His associates , James WiJkeaihia brother Thomas ^ Bpswellv arid George Giles , Wete acquitted o ! the inavder but cOHvioted of the burglary . The two former were sentenced to transportation for life , and Giles for fifteen years . The wretphedyoutli admitted that he bad Btrock tbe old man , b « t 1 fitil > out the slightest iatention of killing bur .
Untitled Article
. THE NORTHERN STAR .
-
-
Citation
-
Northern Star (1837-1852), April 9, 1842, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct885/page/7/
-