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TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS.
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Cfjantet EntettiQence
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Ht Dsib Fhikkds , —I ehall not take up : more tian a moment of your time to tell ycra that for five mg ^ s I have been wholly unable to write to you , and that our impartial laws have made my illness jatbar an expenswe one , as I was obliged to send w doctor , my solicitor , and my two bondsmen down to Liverpool , as I eonld not go myBelf , although my appearance for one moment would hare been all that of present the law requires , as not being twenty days in custody before the Special Commission , I , in common with my brother conspirators , was entitled to pat off my trial till the next Assuas ; * &d ,. aa
doctors and lawyers do not travel for nothing , yon will see that Mr . Griffin and the Manchester * free-traders" have already subjected me to a reasonable fine . Bat , now , to what is of jnnch more importance than my health or life . One faction , under the name of liberalism , attempted for four years to put us down by the most nojust and tyrannical means ; and the other faction most cheerfully joined in the attempt . Since then , the Whigs have gone out and the Tories hare come in ; and the Whigs have not only , joined
the Tories in their crusade against us , but have actually laid the train themselves . How often have I cautioned yon against the " Corn Law League !" How many letters have 1 written to yon—how many speeches have I made to you—all bearing upon the one subject—the interest that all have , in keeping labour ' s nose to the grinding-stone 1 Did I not prophecy the very result that has taken place in a letter published in the Star last July , in which I told yon ihat the " free traders" would try to carry their object , even at the hazird of a bloody revolution ; and that when outrage commenced , " what
BELONGED TO CrECCMSIANCES WOUIJ ) BK SADDLED rpox Chabtish . " I have given yon many warnings , arid I have suffered by your neglect of them ; and yet I am not going to ehide you , to scold you , or to find faalt with you as a body ; no , on the contrary , so exemplary has been the conduct of the Chartist body generally , that I glory in Buffering on their behalf . Many kind but timid friends have recently beset me with solicitations to give up politics , and becohb respectable ; while political jugglers ha ^ e besought me to seek favour in the eyes of the juryclaBS by joining that party from which the majority of those gentry arc chosen . Not having heard from
me for some time , and although you hare no reason to doubt my rincerny , I embrace'this first opportunity to renew my every pledge to the working classes . In a few months I shall have been ten years prominently before the public . For that period no public man ever yet performed the same amount of arduons labour in the people ' s cause . While 1 was making my party the press passed me by in contemptuous silence ; but now that I have accomplished my object , the columns of every newspaper teem with the most brutal appeals to authority to take my life . I look back to my whole political career , and I glory in it , and resolve to pursue the same undeviating course to the last day of my existence .
My friends , I have , of course , looked deeply into the motives of public men who have gone before me ; and with the exeeptions of Henry Hani and Major Cariwright , I cannot discover a prominent demagogue , whose object has not been to create grievances , and to magnify those already existing , for the purpose of living upon promises to correct them . I have known of no other instances than the two I have
mentioned , of gentlemen siding with the poor , with the hope and intention of bettering their condition . And now I will explain to you wherein Iie 3 my weakness and want of protection , and your greatest strength . We cannot be both strong , or at least secure . Yonr strength , while growing , is my ruin , because the enemy always aims at the body through the head . And now let me point out what constitutes the difference between me and political agitaton in general .
The first great object of a political agitator , who seeks power through popularity , is to establish a " starT" of daring , impudent , impoverished , freebooting politicians , men who are up to anything , ready for any service , and prepared to do any work for which they are paid . This staff constitutes the recruiting party of the leader ; looking for pelf through popularity , the terms being , you give me popularity and I will back you in yonr assaults upon the pockete of our dupes . Now these men are the greatest pests in society ; they are traders in politic ? , poliiical pedlars , traffickers in abuse , and interested upholders of oppression . They are the first to revile acts ,
to the commission of which they have urged their pliant followers ; and ; whenever they see the time approaching for bringing their strength to bear upon the grievances of which they complain , they invariably turn public attention from the object in view to some " Will-o' -th ' -wisp , " and thus undo all that they themselves have done . Meantime , they have the command of the press , and the funds stolen from the poor , and by those means they silence complaint , which otherwise would overpower them . I saw the effect which such a course had prodnced in unhappy Ireland , and my first vow , upon entering the field of general politics , was to make a
solemn declaration that I wonld go to bedr supperless rather than partake of the pauper ' s meal . I made up my mind to cut eff the peddling staff from our forces , and to brave the odium of having stopped the supplies , and to this declaration , and my steady adherence to it , you are to attribute that want of respectaMe working class co-operation which other demagogues have had , acd in which they have found their own protection . This is the rock upon which I have willingly split , and the " staff" which I have cut off are now , one and all , ready to enlist under the banners of those who promise them a perpetuity of office , t y continuance of
abuse made palatable by those chaBge 3 from Whig to Tory , and Tory to Whig , which amuse the agitated mind of the working classes . It is against those men and their allies that I wish particularly to caution you , because an attempt is now being ms . de , in London , to amalgamate all the rotten branches of liberalism to aid in the winter ' s campaign of the " Free Traders . " The way is being paved for introducing Mr . O'Conuejl to a London audience once more , while Cobden and the League agitate Lancashire , and Sturge and his staff infest Scotland and Ireland , and the other districts of England . Those men are one and all
hostile to every principle of tbe Charter , except the Ballot , and that we don ' t want , as we have not got the vote to cover with it . Tbe ofcjec ' , of those men is to insure the restoration of the Whigs to office under a pledge of carrying a total repeal of the Corn Laws ; and now hear me—so sure as God is above us , if you sanction a repeal of the Corn Laws , until you have a voice in making the laws , so " sure : will you see the bloodiest revolution that ever ! Bhocked the human eye . I have preached the same ! doctrine for ten years , acd I now repeat i % ; and i bear in mind , that in a revolution the working i classes are always made to bear the blows , while the privileged order invariably reap the harvest .
And sgain , a revolution in England would be worse asd more fierce than a revolution in any other country in the world , and for this reason Because there are so many jealous and contending interests . Privilege has now had its feast . Fat jurors have sentenced starving men to banishment for taking bread ; yes , the advocates ef cheap bread and the promoters of the late revolution have convicted starving men of taking bread . I am aware , my friends , that no stone will b * left unturned to promote the objects of the League ; I hope , however , to be well enough shortly to take the field against them , and then I shall expose the recent conspiracy , * nd continue to enforce the principles of the Onrier .
I have bow written as much as my health will admit , but must add a word on behalf of the families of those convicted of being Chartists . We cannot be astonished at the persecution of our foes , ii we allow the families of our friends to want while their providers are in prison ; and should you require any further inducement than duty points ont , 1 beg of you to read the admirable * the soalstirring letter of the Rev . Mr . Mantz , and above * lls let the friends of each imprisoned victim look ont in their respective localities for bail fox those wto are held in prison for want of it . Do those
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things for yourselves , and faction will respect you and cease to persecute you . I get one man ' s share of all your troubles , and yet will I bear the oppressor's frown and the tyrant ' s scorn , and die as I have lived—a pure lover of liberty , rather than abandon my own child in the day of danger and the hoar of trouble . I am , your faithfml friend and servant , FKAEGU 3 O'CONKOK .
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JOHN CAMPBELL TO THE CHABTIST PUBLIC . Klrkdale Gaol , Oct . 18 th , 1842 . Bbothee Pemocbats , —I am entirely ignorant of how things are , going on outside the walla of ft" » prison . I have written once to the Northern Star , and twice to the Evening Star ; whether those letters have appeared or not I cannot tell , inasmuch as I am completely debarred from the use of newspapers . Well , I again address yon , to encourage yon to go on in the good work of a people * liberties . The London Dogberries have refused bail on my behalf , saying that bail must be tendered for me at Kirkd&le ; but as it would cost , at the very least , £ 12 to convey my two bondsmen from London to Kirkdale and back , I am resolTed not to permit so much money to be wasted .
Now mind , I have sever said a single word against the Whigs that I have not said against tba Tories ; they are a brace of political robbers , and as all parties say we have killed and buried Whiggery , oar next aim Hiiist be to crush tbe monster—Toryism . Let your every effort be made to do so . The path before you , as Chartists , is clear , and no time must be lost in adopting a certain line of policy , and a decided line too . What I recommend is this—that in tbe municipal elections par whole force should be marshalled , that we will nave one candidate ready for each one the Whigs or Tories may have ; and that if tbe Whigs
say " Here is our candidate—there is yours ; we will put these two into effice , " then I say , unite with the Whigs to secure the return of an even number of Chartist municipal officers ; and if the Whigs refuse , then have nothing whatever to do with them : if the Tories agree , then unite with the Tories for tbe same purpose . But if you cannot make terms with either faction , go to the poll yourselves , and , if possible , get one or more elected as municipal officers ; and where you cannot return one of your own party , stand neutral ; have nothing whatever to do in supporting either of the factions .
Such is my advice , and on such I intend to act , if I am let out on bail before March . And here let me tender my individual thaTifrg to Messrs . Wheeler and Cafiay , of London , who have exerted themselves to procure bail for me ; to Messrs . Shaw , Sewell , Bateman , and Cleave , of London ; to Mr . Fright , of Ramsgate ; to Messrs . Spencer and M'Farlane , of Ntrtbampton ; to Mr . Morling , of Brighton ; to Mr . M'Fherson , of Ipswich ; to Mr . Bell , of Norwich ; and the other gentlemen who have offered to go bail for me . I have written to Sir James Graham , and I have told him I am determined to -wage war with him and Bis odious party when I may be at large . Yes , my friends , my eve ? y act shall go to damn tbe cruel and destructive Tories as soon as I am at liberty . Brethren , look at the conduct of the Tories ; where or when have they ever been anything else except the most cine ] , ruthless , and most tyrannical faction that ever lived ?
Up , then , Chartists of Great Britain , and unite more firmly than ever to oppose your oppressors . I know nothing of my worthy coadjutor , the patriot Doctor , or Bairstow , but I do know that immediate steps should be now taken to fill np tbe places of those members of the Executive who cannot attend to that office , It is necessary that this should be immdiately done—when * ever one man is imprisoned another should be ready to fill his place ; and for the Bake of our sacred cause let me implore of you to adopt the recommendations of that Executives , to follow out their suggestion , and to obey them , as tie only means by which the National Charter Association can really and trnly be made powerful , and a terror to the enemies of the people .
The agitation must not drop—it must continue—it must go on—it must increase—it must triumph , and the principles of the People ' s Charter become law in spite of every opposition . And although the apostles of freedom may be irapriaoned—may be exiled , or suffer death on the scaffold , — in spite of all , tbe eternal aid holy principles of truth and justice must ultimately succeed . Bat if the prison's gloom is to be made lightsome to the democrat ' s heart , Mb name must not be forgottfn . This does not at all apply to me , as I have been kindly remembered by my friends ; but the case I have to mention is one that ought not to take place—it is that of John Massey . of Newton Heath , near Manchester , who is imprisoned on the same charge as myself ; but to illustrate the case mere clearly , I insert here a copy of a letter from bis wife to him whilst in prison : — "Newton Heath , " Friday , 14 th Oct ., 1842 .
" Dear Husband , —I am wearied with fatigue , for I have all to do for you . I have sent you 4 s . 6 d . ; it is all I have . Tour bond is given in to-day . I hope yon will soon be at home again . God bless you . " Yours , affectionately , " M . A . MASSET . " Here , then , is a man with a family of five children , four of them under nine years of age ; the wife weaves occasionally when she can , to earn a trifle for her family , and out of this she has to scrape -4 ? . 6 d . and bend it to him to assist him . She has not received any assistance from the Newton Heath Chartists . I ask , is this Chartism ? Is this justice ? Is this patriotism ? If it be , God preserve me from such !
Brethren , I have every reason to hate the Tories . Me and mine have been persecuted by them . Leach has been nearly destroyed by them . MDouall is hunted like a wolf or tiger , and a price set upon his head . What may have become of Bairstow , I cannot tell . Brooks of Todmorden , M'Cartney cf Liverpool , Jones of citto , Eilisof the Potteries , Cooper of Leicester , O'Connor , Hill , Otley , Harney , Doyle , Parkes , Smith , and a host of others , are now under the tender mercies of the Tories . Will you , the people , forgive them ? will you forget them ? No , no , I am sure you will not ; I am sure yon will kindly remember them at the hustings , and very honestly inform tfeem that you are sick of their despotism , and yon will do yonr best to send them headlong from power .
To such parties as may have bad the first number of the Penny Democrat , I now promise that , if I can get ont on bail , I will at once bring out the Becond number , and continue it weekly , and make it what I have before said it shall be , namely , a complete mirror of trades ' unions ; and I shall endeavour to establish it before March , in order that if I am to be consigned to a dungeon for any length of time , there may be the means of supporting my family without being a burden on the Chartist public : and to those gentlemen who forwarded me cash for Evening and Northern Stars , I can assure them that I will forward them tbe moment I arrive in London . Cards of membership shall again be got ready , and steps taken to give a greater impetus to the movement t . hnn ever .
Why , if the Government will throw impediments in the way of my getting out on bail I cannot help it ; bnt whether in prison , or out , the Tories shall find me a thorn in their sides , and you will find me your brother democrat . John Campbell . P . S . I also return my sincere thanks to Mr . Moir .
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THE EXECUTIYE COMMITTEE PRO TEM . TO THE CHARTISTS OF ENGLAND , BUT MORE ESPECIALLY TO THOSE RESIDING IN YORK .
Brother Democrats , —Seeing by a resolution in the Northern Star , emanating from the Chartists of York , that they consider the appointment of an Executive Committee pro tern , to have been unnecessary , because tbe original body had not then been convicted ; that it was unjustifiable , because the sense of the country had not been taken upon tbe subject , and that the books of the Executive should have been placed in tbe hands of Mr . Morgan Williams until Mr . Campbell was at liberty , or the country should have bad time to appoint another General Secretary , we deem it necessary to make a few remarks upon the good policy of the line of conduct which bes been adopted .
Tbe arrest of Messrs . Campbell and Leach , and the consequent inability of Mr . Bairstow to fulfil the duties ef his station , was so sudden and unexpected , that it was impossible any arrangement eonld be entered into . Correspondence was daily arriving from all parts of the country without any official person to give the desired answers or information , and if active steps had not been immediately takes , the Affair * of the association would have been speedily plunged into disorder and oonfusion instead of being conducted with that order and precision which is so essentially necemry in an extensive combined movement , and the great moral effect upon tbe Government of a raw head being appointed to the association , braving them in the » ery seat of their power and strength , immediately upon the arrest or dispersion of the other , wonld bave been entirely lost ; with regard to its being w > justifiable because the opinion of the country bad not been taken apon it , tbe previous remarks will , we trust , ^ efficiently prove our justification when coupled with the fact that if our
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arrangement is carried out , in one month from the date of our taking office a regularly appointed Executive will bave been elected . Tbe first official act which we transacted was an earnest application to Morgan Williams to immediately hasten to London , and give us the benefit of his advice and co-operation . Anxiously we waited day after day , until , after the lapse of upwards of a week , we received the following reply : — " Dbab . Sib , —In answer to yours , I have only to say I shall be most happy to co-operate with yon and the other members of the Committee , in any way which may be of service to the cause ; bnt I should not wish my name appended to any address before first seeing it . My circumstances , from my being somewhat engaged in business just now more than during the summer , prevent me from meeting you in London . My respects to Campbell : I presume he is out on balL I am afraid of Leach and Campbell getting off badly .
" Yours , respectfully , " Morgan Williams . " This letter , and tbe circumstance of Morgan Williams residing at Penyrbeol , Merthyr , will be considered a sufficient reason why the books of the Executive were not placed in the hands of that gentleman , as they undoubtedly would have been , bad we received the benefit of bis active oo-eperation . In conclusion , we bave only to add that we trust you will immediately bestir yourselves in nominating persons for tbe ensuing Executive , Our enemies , equally
with our false friends , are on the alert We have a dismal prospect of distress and starvation before us in the coming winter , and it is absolutely necessary that we Bhould have tbe number of our Executive complete : this can be effected without one shilling expenoe , and with a small amount of trouble . If their services are not wanted at the present juncture , they will be an army in reserve , ready at a moment ' s notice to occupy the honourable position to which you have elected them , without tbe possibility of an emergency occurring liktt tbe present
Yours , William Cuffat , Johm George Dron , James Knight , Thomas M . Wheeler , Secretary . P . S . As several important districts in the country have not yet nominated candidates , the date fer nominating will be extended to Tuesday , Oct . 25 th ; the return of persons nominated to be published on Saturday , 29 th ; an immediate election by ballot must take place . Tbe returns to be made , at latest , by Tuesday , November 8 th , and the result published on Saturday , November 12 th .
THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE , PRO TEM ., TO THE SUB-SECRETARIES OF THE NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . Fellow Labourers , —The mockery of justicestyled trials , being concluded , we earnestly press upon your attention the following method of ensuring suppert to tbe wives and families of those patriotic men who have fallen victims to their desire to procure such a legislative change in the administration of the laws as should ensure equal rights to all classes of the community . Let every city , town , village , and hamlet in tbe kingdom , immediately form a committee to raise
subscriptions for the above humane orject ; let every trades ' union , benefit society , lodge , or any other body of men united to benefit each other , and promote the welfare of society , bave a deputation appointed by the above committees to wait upon them , soliciting their aid ; let a general levy of one penny per member be made upon the whole Chartist body , to be collected on Sunday and Monday , the 30 th and 31 st of October , and as soon as convenient remitted to the General Treasurer , Feargus O'Connor , at the Evening Star office , or to Mr . Cleave , at 1 , Shoe-lane ; and let every other method be adopted which the peculiar circumstances of each locality may dictate .
We also request the sub-secretaries of every locality where Chartist prisoners may have resided , to send immediately to the Secretary pro tern . 243 J , Temple Bar , a correct account of the names of tbe victims , stating whether single or married , the number of their families , dec ., that steps may immediately be taken to lessen the immense amount ef misery and destitution with which they are now oppressed . Feeling confident that as becomes men , and brother Chartists , you will immediately carry those arrangements into effect , We remain , Your devoted Servants , William Cuffay . John George Dron . James Knight . Thomas m . Wheeler . Secretary .
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THE CHARTIST PRISONERS IN STAFFORD GAOL . ( From our own Correspondent . ) Stafford , Wednesday night . The fate of Frost , Williams , and Jones , who were roused from their slumbers at midnight , and who were , at half an hour s notice , hurried away from their friend ? , their families , and all that was dear to them , to suffer in a foreign and distant land all the horrors of a penal settlement , is causing in tbe minds of the unhappy men at present in the convicts' yard , and also in the minds of their families the greatest alarm , lest they may be 2 » lso taken away in a similar manner . The reports that are afloat are by no means calculated to allay those alarms . It is therefore the imperative duty of all who intend to assist
in saving Mr . Ellis and the others from transportation to redouble their exertions , and not lose a moment in preparing petitions , and getting up the necessary affidavits for that purpose . The immediate relatives of Mr . Ellis are doing all in their power in bis behalf . But those efforts will prove abortive unless aided by others , who are anxious to rescue an innocent man from tweaty-one years transportation . Innocent he is beyond doubt of that crime ( arson ) of which an impartial jury pronounced him guilty . A stronger proof of his innocence cannot be adduced than the language of Chief Justice Tindal , when alluding to his guilt . His Lordship
made . this distinction between his address to Eilis and the others . Speaking of the latter , he said that they were found guilty to the satisfaction of an intelligent Jury and to my satisfaction . But when he spoke of the verdict against W . Ellis , his Lordship said that he was found guilty to the satisfaction of an intelligent Jury , omitting to add and to my satisfaction ; so that it is quite clear that Chief Justice Tindal was as equally unprepared lor such a verdict as was the very orowded Court . Ellis is most sanguine in his hopes of a pardon , or at- least of a mitigation of his sentence . He speaks of it as an act of justice that cannot be withheld , and most solemnly declares his total innocence of the irime laid to his
charge . Hi 3 wife , three infant children , and his father-in-law , have been here and had interviews with him . The last time Mrs . Ellis saw her husband he was in the transport yard , and separated from her by two large gratings several yards apart , so that she could not even shake hands with him . A turnkey was present all the time . When the heartbroken creature was leaving her husband , the feelings of the wife painfully betrajed themselves by her almost sinking to the ground beneath them . When she rallied a little , she turned a long last look on him she adored , involuntarily exclaiming , "Oh , William , I thought they would have allowed me to kiss you before we parted . " The wretched man whose soul was agonised to its deepest re
cesses , immediately shrunk back ; and , covering his face with his hands , indulged in one of those silent bursts which , while they indicate the workings of a broken heart , are calculated to impart to it a momentary relief . Mrs . Eilis , her three orphans—and she will be soon the mother of a fourth , accompanied by her father-in-law , left here on Sunday eveniDg . Samuel Simpkin sentenced to transportation for life , for the riot at Burclem , is now proved beyond a doubt to be totally innocent of the charge . So convinced are the Judges of it , that they have already commuted his sentence to eighteen months imprisonment . And it is currently reported that he will receive a free pardon . Tbe poor felljw was the whole of the day on which the not took place , engaged at work for his master , nearly two miles distant from where the riot took place .
Joseph Whistoas , another Chartist under sentence of transportation for lile , must no doubt be pardoned as he is proved to be a maniac . His father died some years ago in a lunatio asylum , and the son who is sow in this gaol has always been considered as " heir of bis father ' s infirmity , " and one decidedly deranged . There are several others under rule of transportation , whose sentences will , if there is justice in the land , be reversed , as now that all the excitement of the Special Commission has subsided . It is asoetained that instead of being guilty perpetrators in the outrages , they were mere spectators whom natural curiosity led to witness the sad ravages of an infuriated and maddened people . It must be gratifying to learn that the rascals , who under pretence of defending the prisoners , had fleeced their friends of several sums of money will be punished . Mr . Baron Fatke faithfully promised
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Mr . Pnce , the barrister , that Massery who took the £ 2 5 s . from the poor man , Taylor , to defend his daughter , and then abandoned 'Her to her fate , will be proseouted by the Crown , » b booh as the case against the heartless rascal is made ont . Chief Justice Tindal has likewise directed , in the most peremptory manner , that the charge against Whalley should be investigated with a view to ulterior proceedings . One poor woman sold her bed and all her furniture , to fee one ef those harpieB . The miscreant took the money , £ 9 , and then told the poor fellow to plead guilty ^ which he did , and was sentenced to transportation . Had Mr . Roberts been cent down earlier these impositions would not have been practised . As it was , Mr . Roberts' exertions in behalf of the prisoners are beyond all praise , and are duly appreciated by the poor creatures themselves , who are Ioud r in their acknowledgments of bis kindness and his indefatigable labour in endeavonring to rescue them from the tigers who speculated in their blood .
The people Bhould- remember that the present exertions that are making to prevent , if possible , the transportation of Mr . Ellis and his fellow convicts , are attended with great expense , and that unless funds , aye , and ample funds , are contributed , that-it is more than probable that these exertionB will be greatly impeded , if not rendered totally abortive . It is therefore the duty of every person anxious to rescue the innocent from the horrors of a felon ' s life , to contribute speedily , their mite to so noble , so Christian , so humane , and so patriotic an object .
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MAKCHESTER . —CaRPENTEHSHaw ,. —On Snndny last , in the afternoon , Mr . William Dixon lectured to a large and attentive audience , who were highly gratified by the observations he made upon the nefarious and diabolical plans now in operation te entrap tbe unwary , by means of hired spies , who attend our meetings for no other purpose but that of carrying garbled and unconnected reports of the lecturer ' s remarks to their more base employers . He then analysed Lord Abinger's address to the Grand Jury at Liverpool , completely overthrowing all the fallacies brought forward by the Neble LorJ , and fully exposing the gross misrepresentations adduced by this once naming Reformer , as to tbe motives and objects of the Chartist body . He then made a most feeling appeal to his audience on behalf of the victims , and concluded
a most powerful address amidst the approbation of the meeting . Several new members were enrolled , and the meeting separated in a peaceable and orderly manner . —In the evening of tbe same day the above Hall was crowded with a highly respectable audience , to bear a lecture from that tried friend of the people , Mr . James Leach , of Manchester . Shortly after six o'elock Mr . Leach entered the Hall , and such was the crowded state of the room , that it was with considerable difficulty that he got to the platform ; and when he made bis appearance he was received with a tremendous burst of applause . Mr . William Dixon was unanimously called to the chair , when Mr . leach came forward . He was received by repeated rounds of applause ; and when order was restored , be said , 1 flatter myself that there are many here who are glad to
see me upon this platform —( Loud cries of " We are glad to see you , Leach , " from every part of the room . He ( Mr . Leach ) was as glad to see them as they were to see him . He then stated that since they had last met in that Hall , he had had an opportunity of visiting one of our courts of law , or more properly speaKing , one of our judicial slaughter-houses ; and he could assure them that it required nothing more to insure the conviction of a prisoner than to call him a Chartist . In fact , if any person wonld read tbe address of Lord Abinger to the jury , that personage said that the object of the Chartists was to appropriate other men ' s property to their own use , and the destruction of everything valuable in Bociety . Now , what did this amount to ? Why , just this . The Jury were men of property , and the prisoner at the
bar a Chartist , and of course a destructive , and therefore if they wished their property to be secure they must bring tbe culprit in guilty . Mr . Leach then related to the meeting the language of the Judge to a poor handloom- weaver . The Judge stated that the working man of this country enjoyed more liberty than tbe working men of any other country , and was it not for their idleness they could bs in possession of all the comforts of life . But what is tbe fact , ? The weaver could earn about five shillings ptr week , or £ 13 per year , if he had full work . Now , if we contrast ( said Mr . Leach ) the sum received by this fellow with the -weaver , -we rind that he receives from the people £ 5 , 000 per year ; and it would take four hundred weavers to work the whole year round to pay this boated porpoise his wages I and then he turns round
and tells the man who only receives the four hundredth part of what he is in the receipt of , that were it not for bis Idleness , that he might have plenty . Mr . Leach then gave a lucid description of the jury and the witnesses present en tbe occasion , and related one instance were the witness swore that the priaoner was addressing a meeting on the 27 th of August , at Manchester , when the fact was that tbe prisoner was apprehended on tbe 22 nd , and put into tho Now Bailey . This was rather too glaring , and the Judge told Mm that he bad heard enough , and the prisoner was acquitted . He then showed in a clear and convincing manner the workings of the present system , and proved that unless the system was destroyed that as a people we would sink lower than we are . In fact , said Mr . Leach , Ireland with all her accumulated evils apon her head ,
weeping as she does over her numerous wrongs , stands in a prouder position than we do ; Ireland's greatest blessing consists in her being an agricultural country , in England tbe case is very different , we find 500 oi 1060 persons depending upon one individual for their daily bread ; and such is the nature of the system under which we live , that in the morning when we rise some unforseen circumstance may bave occurred that puts a stop to the firm in which we are employed . This { cannot be the case in a rural district ; and all the powers of man cannot make England again force her commerce upon the world . We find now that the press is clamouring about tbe free t-xport of machinery , to enable the foreigners to manufacture for themselves . I have been informed ( said Mr . Leach ) that the League is going to commence a crusade this
winter , and that they have got a part of their amuiiition ready . They have got two tons of facts printed ready for circulation , and that they will raise a fnnd of £ 50 , 000 to ] agitate the country with , and that they will force a repeal of the Corn Laws next Bession . Well , let them begin , and be sure that you keep them in the front racks , don't let them do the mischief , and then slip out of the way , and have you to Bupper , as them Finnigans , Falneys , and Aclands have done , and you will see wbat the Tories will do for them . But let them call a public meeting and I ( said Mr . Leach ) will be there . Mr . Leach then entered upon the expencesof the Government of this country as compared with other nations ; and by way of illustration showed that the police force of Birmingham coat more than the Government of America , thus shewing that in this country it
cost more for police to keep 150 , 000 persons in bondage , than it took in America to govern 18 , 600 , 000 of a population . Mr . Leach very ably exposed the robberies that are committed upon the people , and that the case of tbe working classes was getting worse every day ; at the present time five-sixths of their labour was not worth a farthing to them . In 1819 , the weaver only produced one peace where he now produces eight pieces , and those pieces of a superior quality , but in 1819 he received more for tbe one piece than be now gets for tbe whole ef the eight . The question then b who takes the seven pieces that the weaver has produced ? It is the intern of class legislation . By tbe
late improvement in the spinning department the spinner has to travel thirty-two miles per day and put up a pair cf wheels containing 2 , 870 spindles , and for this laborious work be receives sixteen or seventeen shillings per week ; but if he had the produce of his labour , in two years he would make a sufficiency to keep him in ease and comfort for the remainder of his iife . Mr . Leach entered into a variety of subjects , which he handled in a masterly and convincing manner . His powerful address occupied upwards of two hours in the delivery , and he retired amidst the repeated plaudits of the assembled thousands . After tbe thanks of the meeting had been given to the Lecturer and Chairman , the meeting separated .
HTJDDEKSFIELD—A meeting of the General Council was held on Saturday last , at the Temperance Hotel , Paddock , when the usual routine of business was gone through , the following resolutions were unanimously agree * to— " That we highly approve of and affirm the step taken by the London Chartists in choosing another Executive , until such times , as the noble patriots whom a bad and tyrannical Government have taken from us , and immured In the dungeon ' s gloom , be gain at liberty , to fill their honourable duty in the people ' s cause . " Seeond— " That we highly approve of , and do recommend to the various agents of the Star , the plan laid down by Mr . Watson / of Finsbury , for the purpose of raising a fond for the defence of the Chartist leaders . "
U 5 ICESTEBL—The following receipts on behalf of Mr . Cooper ' s defence fund have been received by Mr . Win . Crow , treasurer : —Per Mr . Philips , haberdasher and general dealer , Welford-road , 3 s . Ojd . ; per dittoi S 3 . The above , with £ l tot tbe general defence fund , bave been contributed by some of the Leicester shopkeepers , -j " - . ¦ ¦ ¦¦ ' ¦ . ¦¦
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SUBSCRIPTIONS RECEIVED'BY MR . ;¦ : . - . . •; i ;; . ; ¦ . ¦ ¦ ¦ •; :: ; ' -ccEiye ;; : ; ;¦ - ' ; POLmCU . VICTIM AND DEFENCE FUND . - ¦ ¦ ¦'• ¦ ¦ . ' •¦ ¦ - ¦ - . ¦ ¦ '¦ - '¦ ¦• ¦ ¦ -: ' ¦ ¦ . ' ¦ ¦ ¦• ¦¦ ¦ £ . ' s . d . Previously acknowledged ... ... 60 15 6 j Friends , Ship Tavern , Long-lane , Ber- ¦ 'tudndsey ... : ... ... 1 4 0 Lambeth Youths ... ... ... 0 1 0 J . WoIIb ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 Shoemakers ' , Hackney ... ... 0 20 MnMogford ... ... ... 0 1 0 Mr . Frost ... ... .. ... 0 1 0 A . few young Republicans , Marylebone 0 9 4 Mr . Bates arid shopmatea ... ... 0 2 3 Mr . Clare ... ... ... ... 0 1 0 A few Friends of " Exclusive Dealing , "
silk weavers'locality ... ... 0 10 0 A Friend ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 Ladies'Shoemakers , City Trades'Union 0 5 7 J Clock House locality ... ... ... 0 9 3 D . G . ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 G . ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 2 An old " unstamped" ... ... 0 10 Wandaworth ... ... ... 0 7 6 A few Type-founders , Fan-street ... 0 8 8 Cfiartists , Worcester ... ... ... 0 12 0 Do . Blackburn ... ... ... 2 0 0 Lamberhead Green , near Wigan ... 0 4 0 A real Chartist , Bruton ... ... 0 2 6 CurrioiB and Tanners , ( Wilkins ' e )
Bermondsey ... ... ... 0 3 0 A * v- »» A . t »•• ; - » •** ' ••¦ 0 2 6 Chartists , Irvine ... ... ... ' 010 0 Chartists , Coventry ... ... ... 1 11 0 Females , do . ... ... ... 0 9 0 Tavistock ... ... ... ... 1 0 0 Hooley Hill , near Manchester ... 0 10 0 Lambloy , Nottinghamshire ... ... 0 4 0 A . B ., Nottingham ... ... ... 0 5 0 Females , Tower Hamlets ... ... 0 10 Mrs . Dealtry ... ... ... 0 10 Mrs . Ogden ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 Warwick and Leamingtoa ... ... 0 10 6
£ 7 i 16 10 In Mr . Cleave ' a third list the name " Tho 3 . Bond" was inadvertently substituted by that of " Baldry . "
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SUBSCRIPTIONS RECEIVED BY THE GENERAL DEFENCE FUND COMMITTEE , AT MANCHESTER , £ s . d . A few friends , per T . Cousins ... 0 4 3 A friend to Hargreaves ... ... 0 4 0 A few friends , per Z . Rodgers ... 0 11 0 Chartist painters , second collection ; ... 0 11 6 A few friends at Redfern ' s Temperance Hotel ... ... 0 2 2 A few friends , per John Whitley ,
Rigastreet , Hulrae 0 2 3 Mr . Lee ' s book ... ... ... ... 0 6 5 Miles PJatting , per H . Watars ... 0 6 0 Geo . Haughton ... ... 0 1 0 A friead , per Mr . Swiers ... ... 0 10 Wm , Heywood , per Wm . Grocott ... 0 4 0 Wm . Montgomery , per ditto ... ... 0 2 6 C . M'Allum , per ditto ... ... ... 0 1 0 Mr . M'Cralin , per ditto ... ... 0 0 10 From a few friends , per Wm . Grocatt 0 12 4 A few spinners , Great Aucoats-street 17 6 A few friends at Brown ' s Temperance
Hotel ... ... 1 3 0 A few friends , per J . Leaoh 0 5 0 Mr . Williams j ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 A manager of a factory ... ... 0 10 0 Son to the above ... ... ... ... 0 1 0 A few friends , per J . Leach ... ... 0 4 0 A few friends—Failsworth 0 8 3 Chartist Mechanics ... ... ... 0 13 0 Delph and Saddleworth , per D . Ross ... 0 10 0 Mr . Lonsdale ... ... 5 0 0 G . C . ... ... 0 1 0 Mr . Atkinson ... ... ... ... 0 1 0 Thomas rieams ... ... ... ... 0 0 3
Riohard Haslem ... ... ... ... 0 10 A few frieuds at Mr . Lees ... ... 0 18 . } A few friends to freedom of opinion ... 0 26 From Newton , per A . Travis ... ... 0 7 10 A friend ... ... 0 2 0 A few friends , per Mr . Proud ... ... 0 9 2 A few friends , per J . Leach ... ... 0 8 Sh Mr . Williams ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 " Mrs . Lees book 0 5 0 Mrs . White ... ... ... ... 0 7 6 A few friends , per Mr . Grocott ... 0 4 11 Alexander M'Whe , afriend to O'C ... 0 10 An engineer ... ... ... ... 0 0 6
UB PROCEEDS OF TWO SERMONS PREACHED BY MRJ . BABKOW , AT UNSWOBTH , ON SUNDAY , OCT . 16 'IH . ¦ £ - . b . d . Collections ... ... ... ... 1 12 6 Deduct expences ... ... ... 0 6 0 Defence Fund ... ... ... ... 16 6 From the Friends of Rooden Lano ... 0 8 6 A few Friends , per John Webster ' s Book ... ... ... ... 0 3 0 Received from Mr . O'Connor to Defend the men at Liverpool ... 50 0 0 Received from Mr . M'Gte , as balance left from Chester ... 5 0 0
£ 73 4 11 The Committee return their sincere thanks to their Chartist brethren , and more especially to the friends connected with the Temperance Associations for the support they have already received . And they would respectfully urge upon them the necessity of renewed exertions on behalf of the victims to despotic sway . Therj are upwards of sixty who have to take their trials at the next Liverpool assizes , exclusive of numbers in other parts of the country ; and they hope that the fund tor their defence by next March will be such aB to Hive the victims that defence which they deserve from the oountry ; and prove to the Government that tba patriots so unjustly persecuted have the sympathy of the people , for whose sakes they are suffering imprisonment and , bouds . We hope this call will not be made in vain .
On behalf of the Committee , Wm . Dixon , Secretary Manchester , Oct . 18 th , 1842 .
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wm ^^ mm ^ m ^ t + J&A : t ^ C ^ f ^ Jr A^^ VX , L , STOCKPORT . —Nothing tends to ' advance a cause 80 orach as persecution , since the recent onslaughts against the liberty of the people , through the arresUl their trlertWpnds . and leaders .. Numbers have flocked to the standard of . Ciprttflin . On Sunday night last , we had a splendid meeting , at the large Room , Bomber's Brow . Our resgeoted townsman , Mr . Cuter , was onaplgjonsty ' cajlflii upon £ ? preside ; , and , after aepeech replete -with good senje an 4 sound . argument . Introduced a youog friend from Manchester , named Torrena , who officiate * for Mri Lane , who was unavoidably absent It was hit maiden speech , and trnly an efficient ; one It »» , He exposed-lam humourous manner the
fallacy of the arguments of the Plagueltes , and concluded a brief but expejient . » ddresa by catling apon ail present to join tup National . pharter Aesoclation . Mr . Ihomas Clark was . thea called ,. ' npon , who , after read-Uift the letter , which appeared , In tbat day ' s Evening Star , ef our beloved champion , ' O'Connor made a moat powerful and affecting appeal oa behalf of the incarcerated friends of freedom ; and , in the moat sarcastic manner , ridiculed tho Idea of a man ' s teing a Chartist who pleaded poverty as an excuse for not paying , atjd yet afford to go to a beer-rbop , " and support a set of idle drones , who had ever been the peoples wont enemies , and concluded by advising all to abstain from the use of Intoxicating drinks , and also to contribute towards the support of the victims of the heartless Plaguers , which they did to the amount of 9 s . 41 .
ROCBDAZ . E . —On Tuesday nfght , the Rev . W . V . Jackson , from Manchester , lectured In the Theatre . SHEFFIELD . —A publio meeting was held in the Fig-tree-lane room , on Wednesday , Oct . 12 ch , to take into consideration the recent arrests , and tha duty of all Chartists at the present crisis . Mr . Dyson was called to the chair . Mr . Edwin Gill moved the first resolution , " That this meeting views with indignation the recent arrests « f the friends of freedom by an irrespouible government , the attempt to destroy the constitutional right of Englishmen to meet publicly to discuss their grievances , and the employment of spies , and packed juries , for the annihilation of the liberties ef the psople . " Mr . Wragg seconded the resolution , which was carried unanimously . Mr .
E y inson moved the next resolution , " That this meeting , despite of Whig and Tory despotism , pledges itself to renewed exertion for the advocacy of the rights of all , as embodied in the People ' s Charter ; and , as well , to support tho wives and families of the incarcerated victims , as the best means of convincing the Government of our abhorence and detestation of tyranny and oppression , " which was carried unanimously . " Mr . Cartledge moved , seconded by Mr . Fearne , " Tnat the thanka of this meeting be given to the Chartists of Manchester , for the sjmpatby and kindness shown by them towards the victims , during their incarceration in that town , " which was unanimously oarried ; and a collection being made for Mrs . Parkes aud family the meeting separated .
On Sunday evkning , Mr . Evinson delivered a lecture on the factory system . The meeting was also addressed by Messrs . Gill and Clayton , on Lord Abinger ' s charge to the Jury . YORK . —At a meeting of the Chartists of York , on Tuesday evening , the following resolution was moved by E . Burley , seconded by R . Gill , "That we , the Chartists of York , do thank the men of London for the zeal they have evinced to serve the cause , by the eleotion of an Executive , Pro . Tern ., jet we are of opinion that suoh election was unnecessary at that time , inasmuch as the Executive are not yefc convicted ; and . further , we consider the act they have committed ui / justifiable , as the sense of the
country ought'to havo been taken upon the subject ; and we are further of opinion that the books of the Executive ought to have been pkced in the hands of Mr . Morgan Williams , and all communications addressed to him , uutil Mr . Campbell is at liberty to act , or the country elect another General Secretary to supply his place . " Second , moved by JE . Burley , seconded by Thomas Hunter , " That the thanks of this meeting are dne , aud hereby given to the brave Chartists of Malton , for their noble conduct in attending the constable ' s meeting , and defeating the faotions , by carrying their own list of persons in nomination for parish constables of that aristocratic town . "
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SIR ROBERT PEEL'S BUDGET . Reprinted from the Northern Star of March 19 th , TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS . My Beloved Friends . —Is it not a most astonish * ing thing that the task of explaining the all-important part of Sir Robert Peel ' s Budget should be left to me . Yes , the whole prets has been nibbling at what they consider the important portion of the question—the Income Tax . Now , that ha 8 little or nothing t . > do with it . Of that portion , I wonld merely say that Peer , finding that he could not reduce expenditure with a prospect of support from the expectants , has in so fat put the bear's own paw Into the bear ' s own mouth . He
has told them , that henceforth they must in part live upon their o . wn pat . Peel has not made any attempt to reduce expenditure to the nation ' s capability of paying ; but , on the contrary , he has undertaken to create a surplus over all requirements of more than half a million ; and , believe me , that for this surplus also there will be thousands of gaping months . The press is very angry about the Income Tax , and small blame to them ; but I am delighted with it , and still more so with other portions of hia budget , which I shall pre > sently explain . " I am pleased with the Income Tax , because the mode of assessment , —not of levy , as the press complains , —carries the war Into the enemy ' s camp . .. * . -.
But here Is the important part of Sir Robert Peel ' a Bndgetr HE A . DJIITS HVESTOCK INTO THIS COUNTBT AT A J 1 EKTB NOMINAL DUTY . £ l for an OX ; 15 a . for a cow ; and 10 a . for a calf , which , in Parliamentary language , means a young beast There was a prohibition to this description of stock before , except for breed at an immense high duty . He also admits salt and cured meat at a duty of Id . per 1 b . Now , this- is tbe wedge The fact of this will be that cattle , botb fat and store , will be sect from Holland , Belgium , and parts of France , at one-half of the present price . A Dutchman or a Frenchman can pay tbe duty and freight , and send cattle into the EoglUh market at a cheapec rate than Scotchmen aud Englishmen living at a great distance from the market , and Irishmen can ; and America can send us store provisions for much less than half the present price .
Now , the result will be that much more land in the adjacent continental countries will betaken outof cultivation , and turned to pasture for feeding cattle for the English and Irish market ; while 03 corn is the produce most highly favoured in England , immense tracka of grass land in England , Ireland , and Scotland will be broken up for cultivation . This will reduce the prioe of home-grown corn much , very much below what an eight shillings , or even a four shillings' duty would have kept it at ; and it will reduce the price of all kinds of meat , butter , and cheese , beyond whjt any man can afc present possibly imagine . This will draw thousands of operatives frem the mill lords , and create a certain competition in the two labour markets—that of land and steam . ¦ '
But now mark the effect . The landed property will be tremendously reduced in value , as It ought to be , and the reduced value will be taxed at three per cent , as it ought to be ; but this reduction in the price of produce will increase nearly double the value of funded properly , and IT is only to be taxed by the same scale according to Its present net amount Tithes will fall to one half , and then be taxed to 3 per cent , on the reduced amount , and eveu the reduced amonnt the landlords will kick against paying , while both landlords and the little lords , will Very , very shortly , array themselves , first iti moral , and then , IF REQUIRED , in physical force array against the fund lords , and every man having a fixeri -Income . All tenants with leases for lives or terras of ytars , must be ruined , as the landlords cannot afford poor fellows ! I !) to make reductions wiiieh will be required in consequence of Peel ' a
measure . In fact , if I was anked to frame a bill for tbe oom > pl&te and entire dissolution of society , as at present constituted , agricultural , manufacturing , commercial , trading , governmental , fiscal , moral , and physical , £ should say I make not one single alteration in tii-e Budget of the Right Hon . Baronet , ib will apong 6 the debt—brjsk the landlords—pay off tho creditoi 8—open manuLcluries abroad for the displaced agriculturists , whose placta will be better supplied at home . ID will make the smokcocracy cf England more obBtrvaD ' c of demand and tupply , because it will take an immecse surplus population , by which they now reduce thewases of their hands .
It will cauee a shindy among the parsons I and 16 will throw every injured or disappointed man into the ChitrtUts ranks . It will do all these things ; while , without the Cbarter , it will not be worth a . pin's point to the working people , and for this simple reason ; U general prosperity should be the result , that prosperity would be taxed by class legislation for the support of s rising generation of paupers . But wbat has he done more ? O ! glorious—thrice glorious , —he has bad the courage to tax IRISH ABSENTEES ! . O ! how the devils will eeamper home !! ami so will I when I get the Cbartsr . Now , believe me , this was the prophesied earthquake that was to frighten thelrhh . . .
Now , my friends , ber . r in mind that while I was In York I told you the Whigs would go mad . Well , they are litera'ly r&bid—foaming at the month . Agate , I told you that Bkel would propose a far more sweeping measure ihau the Whfgs proposed , Has he llotf Again , I told you that Kussell would become a Tory . And won ' t he ? I should like to know what the Irish fanners will now say to Einiel OGonneU about Free Trade . * By Jove , we shali have " the Peril among the Tailon . " Beasts already fallen above 10 per cent Meat falling every day . A large quantity thrown into the rlvew , while the people bio starving , and only wanttha Charter to turn it to better account . Corn falling , chops fallings , and the Chartists rising , ; ,-Bnt now , mark my words ; such an agitation aetet was seen as England and Ireland will priini !> Mja- ] fl 1— , than one monta from too da ; of the . date heMCrmftK TT ^ v March , 1812 . y jtjgjj ^ voyl . yv Your faithful servant ,. . ^ JgisrO "It ^ TaA fbaegus i ^^ mffm ^ % , J ¦ $ m ^? W * 4
To The Imperial Chartists.
TO THE IMPERIAL CHARTISTS .
Cfjantet Entettiqence
Cfjantet EntettiQence
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GLASGOW . —A general meeting of the electors of tho first Municipal District was held in the Rev . Mr . Duncan's ( late Mr . Pcden ' d ) Church , Regentstreet , on Monuay evening , for the purpose of nominating candidates for the ensuing eleotion of City Councillor ? , Dr . Smeal in the chair . The six members for the ward being tpecially requested to attend , all except one were in attendance , Mr . J . Dunlop . Mr , David Bell , one o ( the retiring members , and Mr . George Anderson , of Hill-itreet-, who is brought forward as a Chartist , being proposed , were called on to state their views regarding the Suffrage . Mr . Anderson declared he had taken his stand on the fullest possible extent of the Suffrage with those measures of detail necessary to enable the people to exercise that Suffrage with effect . Mr . Bell said he cculd say amen io all thatfdi from Mr . Anderson . Both gentlemen were ultimately carried by acclamation ; we have no doubt they will be triumphant at the poll .
A Public Meeting was held in the Chartist Church , Regent-street , on Monday evening , to hear a report from Mr . George Robs , delegate to the Edinburgh Convention , aud to make arrangements for raising funds for the defence of our incarcerated friends . After Mr . Ross had made his report , measures were adopted for the raising of funds for the support of our incarcerated and persecuted friends . The United Shoemakers held a meeting on Monday so ' niiight , in Fraser ' s Hall , the meeting was addressed for an hour and a half by one of their own number , Mr . Samuol Kidd , with great effect .
At the elose of the lecture forty-three joined the Glasgow Charter Association , and more than twenty since . Now upwards of sixty of that body have received their cards . This augers well . Con Murray addressed the people of Maryhill on Monday evening , on the necessity of forming a Charter Association ; an amendment was moved in favour of Complete Suffrage . After two hours discussion the motion was carried triumphantly . BRISTOL . —Mr . R . G . Gammage , of Northampton , delivered two lectures in Bean-lane Chapel , Temple-street , on Sunday last .
CARLISLE . —The Trades of Carlisle who have come out for the Charter , have for warded to the Evening Star office , two donations to the Defence Fond ; on the first occasion £ 2 was sent , and on Monday they forwarded £ 1 5 s , The £ 2 was acknowledged in the Evening Star and no doubt the latter wm wilL BUNQEKLAXD . —On Sunday afternoon tut , Mr Williams delivered a brief address on the Town Moor , and read a considerable portion of the Evening Star , to » good audience . BTCCKTON-QN-TEES . —Mr . P . M . Brophy delivered an excellent address in the Working Men ' s Reading Boom here , on Sunday evening , and again on-Tuesday evening .
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AND LEEDS GENERAL ABTERTISE ^
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T 0 L . Y . NO . 258 . SATURDAY . OCTOBER 22 . 1842 . PWOE . !? 'S ^!!* S !! . " "
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 22, 1842, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct910/page/1/
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