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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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ON THE PROPRIETY OF THE WORKING CLASSES AIDING THE CORN-LAW REPEALERS ; IN REPLY TO S . K . OF
GLASGOW . SIB —As it sb evident from the composition of your Ma * that yon are not in the habit oi putting your ihwujhtB upon paper , I shall make no caption * or vertS criticism ; bat where yonr meaning appears clear , or can be gathered from -what you say , I shall take sneh meaning , without regard to the phraseology , and comment upon it mccordingly . It wiH be eTident to all who hare read my first letter tint , froa the motto prefixed to it and from the composition of the first paragraph , I appeared to douW the fustice or propriety of resorting to any but strictly honourable means for the attaining of any great object . Bat , I concluded , " if the parties with whom we have to do keep no measure of faith ; if they resort te anything or everything , no matter how tricky or base , to think the end
prevent na obtaining our just ends ; I Wld sanctify the means , eTen if we did return the contents of the poisoned chaliea to their own lips , and boist them from thtir unjust position by means of their etrn petard . " Now , sir , this was one of the positions ¦ which you onght to have either endeavoured to controrert or to have acknowledged . If you had controverted it , the whole of the subsequent reasoning would necessarily b » Te fallen to the ground ; and if you had acknowledged it , the whjle matter in dispute would h » vt resoJTed itself into the question , vhether the repeal of the Corn Laws would have a tendency to cause the middle dulses to become alarmed for their own situation , and cousequenily cause them to join the people to obtain that povxr in the legislature trhidi , ASD ONLY WHICH , can prevent them from being swalioved vp by the gulf o fixed
payments-Here the whole thing would hare been in a nutshell , asd if you had taken these two , either jointly or singly , irs should not hate been in danger of josing the main object in a labyrinth of , at thebest , feut secondary conse quences . But as you hare not taken th ** course I xuu $ t follow you in the best way I can . Your first attempt at reasoning is in the following words : — " Now I contend that the interest of the retail merchant and the labourer are the same . If the labourer reoeiTes no wages , the retailer receives no profit * : if small wages , the retailer small profits .
Thus their interests are co-extensive , and this , accord ing to his own showing , necessity being the basis of union , it was never ao likely as sow . " Now , Sir , suppose I grant the whole of this , what would it be but reasoning , to the bees of your power , for my position ? If necessity be the basis of union , the more you increase that necessity , the greater the ckance of union , and . therefore , it brings yon round to my position , that the more they are alarmed for their own position the sooner they will join the people to preTent their own casitilsts rain .
But if yon meant to include the whole of the mannfarluriBg and trading class when you said that " the irtsrttts of the retail merchant and the labouring class are co-extensive , " I muBt beg most respectfully to dissent from ihe opinion . Is it true that the interest of the merchant and manufacturer , whose dealings are abroid , can be " co-extensive with those of ths labourer ? " By co-exteosive I suppose you mean identicai . And how , prsy , are the interests of these parties " identical" with those of the labourer ? Their interest is to purchase cheap and to sell dear ; and , therefore , it is their interest for things to be in that state in this country wh'ch will compel the labourer to work for the least possible amount of remuneration , » n-l then it is their interest to tell the produce of thit labonr far tbe . highest possible amount on the other side of the water ; and , therefore , if they have any interests " identical" with these of any body , it is with those of their foreign purchaser .
Nor is it quite ao evident that the interest of that miserable slave , the shopkeeper , and that of the working man is so compl « tely identical as it would appear at the first clance to be . Let us just examine for » moment whether the interest of those who deal in heavily taxed articles is so Tery identical with that of the working man . Let us , then , t&ke as an instance one of theflish "TEA WAREHOUSES '" in ona of the principal streets of Glasgow . And , let us also premise here that the tax upon tea will amount to , at the leist , one half of its coot to the consumer . Now , then , lei us suppose that this shop has the whole of its establishment based upon the sale of £ 100 per week , and that by that sale he gets tea per cent ., or £ 10 per week Now , then , let us supp-we that his gas , his servants , his rent , his taxes , in short , all the miscellaneous expences , which are based upon this £ . 10 per week , amount to fire pounds per -wet-It , leaving the proprietor a net profit of the remaining five ponnds .
Now . then , let as suppose the tax on tea abolished ; and let us suppose that this fiish shop of yours conticnej to retail the same weight of tea which it did before the abolition of the duty . No one need be told tkit the same weight of tea which before the sboiition of the duty raised £ -100 , will , after the abolition of the duty , it being on « half only , raise £ 50 per week Now , thtn , suppose him to get ten per cent npon his turn over as before , it will be evident , that & 3 his torn over is only £ 50 per week , the profit upon that will be only five pound per week ; and , ts we have supposed his expences of all kinds to amount to five ponnds per week , it will leave tie proprietor for his share just nothing at allII TVLjJ think you now , S . K-, abont the interest of the retiil merchant and that of the labourer being co-extensire ? Will it be likely , think you , that the retail merchant will be anxious for the abolition of the tax spec tt 3 ?
Bnt you will tell me that in consequence of the rtdnciioa in price bis sale will be doubled , and thtrefjre he will gain as much in nominal amount as he did bdore the abolition of the tax . Let us try this- Let as SEjvpcse . for a moment the absnrdHy tlia * his Bale would be uonbied , ( which mind I do not , only for ths sake of iBustming the argument , ! what would be the consetp £ nc& ? Would be not want donble "srarehouse room , dr-Eblc the number of hand « , in sh-rt would not his Expe £ ce be , if not quite , nearly denfred if he had to ao double the amount of business ? This must inevitably follow , or else we must suppose that the " canny " £ iii shopman is such a good soul that he has been tilling to pay for donble the smourt of warehouseroom -which he wanted ; - double the amount of hands ¦* bica he stood in need of ; in short , that be has been willing to pay double the amount of expenee which he tad any occasion for , asd that too on : of pure good "Rii " :. rather than pnt the amtuii ; in his own pocket
^ o * S . K . hare you any retail merchant this kind ? Are the " canny Scotch" famed for doing things in this snacnar ? Bet , however , admuiing all these absar-Mties , is it n&L evident that the ' rriail merchant " s :-d his aeiitr-cls votld Lave double the amount of labour to perform ? And will they be anxious to do tLis ? Think yon that tbeir interests are so co-exten ETt ? - ' Jr-u ^ bserye that the poor wcrkies would be their * : to setter , and then whit are they do ? I grant yon that i . rre = t social cbanres the workey is the Sis ' , n-tat ; t £ r » r . Bnt whit is his state under this Ejit ~ c \ cf " s ^ -eial order" ? D ^ es he come in for the lion ' s si ire r-f the comforts ? &nd if he does why is he distfict ^ ri * Lord John Russell * a ; d that he ha 4 arrived at sL .- c . a state cf wretchedness that he bad " eaten his bed . " ^ Jdsrraan K ^ rshaw , of >' anthester . corroborated
this by Baying that in one ironll district 10 000 were "With-, at bed to lie on . The ex-Mayor of Lee is said that F- ! twf : tt people of l . e ^ ds were living upon rotten T-ii :..-o picked up from the "wharf . The Irish stole f c-a Visa -which bad been laid on to the lai : d as miliujc . and eat it to preserve a miserable exlstance . A = d Mr ildani , M P . for Leeds , said that the workies Eii- ; : be starved do- * n to the required quantity ; tr . i t . siidreds of things more horrible and awful , Thi . h eVa to Eame would be cala-wful . But in 2-j ] sad this has no occasion to be to E : 7 < . rr 3 . t extent if the working classes would act with spirt : ^ l be dttemicbd to go in shoals to the poor fc = ^ f . Yon have the same ricbt to relitf from the Lc . ls tbs- laa ^ iord'baa to own it . Da this and yea will q- > . ickly a arm them for their riiuaiion , and thtn tLey wili qui' -kly io-jt about f ^ r a remedy .
Bity-u wi 1 teli me about its indepennznee of men , cl th-s dc ^ rs ^ i ^ d name of psaps :-, . isd all the othtr can : v- ' -- ih 3 t > ut i ^ to tae moatli of ths "workinc nisn , to li ' -kr him Btruggie with an hun ? ry btUy and a caied i-i- ' s .. I inow ~ a ] l about the affair . 1 & ~ n sse the t-z-. st i ~ iu 5 tricus , an ^ too patient working man go wi-h h' ^ wife ard faisishicu children to ' ask eome hr t : -r cf the earth to girt him leave to toV '' and I Z 3 . n c : u : ¦ : oa ! l the anguish whieh -Rriiigs a fj-ihtr ' a bosom * t «" . ht hesrshis
" l ; tdiy fellcs- worm , the poor petition spurn ;" I-X 2 src-r . nipariy him to the t-cstile's portal , and I can fceir , amid the pulses madde : ir ;^ p ^ y , " ' ^ -& o rder to scpiri .- .-: him from his -sife and ctiidrcn . I can b ^ ai the R ' --:. rr " sfchrifck of £ gor , v ; I cas hear the father exclaim 5 c i-- iCJsh , " what ell my littic ones . '" Damn teem . ' E- va !«« -Bhat si ) ? '— yes ail . TL . s ia horrible ' . most h . tri' ole ! But S . K . must £ . t ftrget , at the time be is contemplating this scene , tlr huiioreds cf good men &cd Ua who tuve to rot in
ctr . -tt us , under tie present '" mid pattixol s ^ ay . ' E = . T . ust not forget Frost , Wiiii ^ iiiS and Jones ; ie e : sv no ; forget the scores which have been transportfcd toUi S . sgord ; he must not end-uvour to disguise from himsiif that the cnorotectsd , heart-broken wife and famishing children " have all the prsviousiy described h jmo ) e Eceses to undergo , in addition to the harrowing iciUetj . .. Ti that the pax tier oi hex sorrows is pining in te dungeon , or clanking bis chain as a felon , becauig he hii eiceavonred to wrisg ; from capita ! a fair remunera tion for his labour . ¦
Brides , yoa ssjj " i = t fe" » en martyrdom come , ana it * iil beweleome , " Now if this be not all unmeaning ^ t ; if it be not a ctringing together of wor _ s which Ofe "full £ , f fury but signify ncthing . '' yon cannot ^ tspair , even though your employer anciyoureelf should Ka-t iie ' hangiyrace togemer . ' For although the tt = ch iesria LrJaBSing cf capital may involve the ^ rn fn . m j-jj j diy fellow-tronn ; although it ni 3 y itvui-vc tie Etparation for a time from tis wife a = a ^' -s ; rjii be must remember that " MAE . TTE . DOii IrTo . Tis them ail ; asa usore , mcch more ; red I » oaJd pirticclajly impress this fact upon yece mind , that the ^ hole cf the fctrui'gle is nearly exclusively for t -e bfcDtSt o ! the working-man . In proportion as h ' - ? ti « , Elniofct ali other c ' : ai £ t £ -will lose . And . , tbcre' ore , -srhat be has to sufcr iuritg the struggle is the
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price whfch he pays for the good he expects from his emancipation . And this I would say farther , that if eTer he expect * to have a voice i » the making of the laws until the other classes become alarmed for their situation , he is one of the most mistaken ef men ; and , therefore , the great consideration for him is this , Aok com I the most easily alarm them for their own situation and I contend that a repeal would alarm them to- the fuidk . I think , if you read the quotation from my letter again , you will see that it is not quite roid of common sense ; and that there cannot be any great mystery is our aiding the c * rn law repealers , aad at the same time continuing : our own agitation .
In paragraph 5 , you say— " Nothing is plainer than this ; to aid in repealing the Corn Law » is to lend ouraelves into the hands o ! our oppressors , enabling the capitalist to east labour prostrate at the feet of capital , and rivet the chains of middle class despotism more firmly round the neck of the people . " This is the sort of lieclamation used by all those who write and speak upon this question , without knowing anything about what they are talking about . Lay labour prostrate at the feet of capital ! What ! more prostrate than it is ? And , pray , how is it to effect this ? 3 > o tell me how it is to give capital more power than it has ? I shall die if you do not tell me . But if you know that it would effect this , bow happens it that you did not prove to us how it was to work all these miracles ? You were' bound to show that I was wrong in the position I had token , instead of cavilling about the minor details . ¦
But I am still sick to know how this "laymg prostrate " is to come about . But , however , the thing can only be brought about one ef two ways—either it would cause us to have such an extension of commerce that we should " have prosperity for ages ; " or its tendency would be . BUcb as I have described it to be . Now , in my first letter arguments ar * used , which , if I bad space for their full developement , wouid completely prove that the repeal would not cause an ultimate extension of our commerce . If you thought the reasoning there was false , why did you not expose it , instead of assuming the whole
question at issue . And u you think that it will cause us such an extension of our commerce , if you think that it will Eive us prosperity for ages , why do you oppose the repeal ? It can be on no other ground , if you think this , than that on which I advocate the repeal , that is , to keep the country in a state of distress on purpose to obtain a political purpose . Ah , sir , what think you now of your employer and you " runing the hungry race together ? And if ysu prevent a measure ¦ which -will be fraught "with good to tvery class , do yon not certainly come up to the picture drawn of you by svay Whig and Tory scribe in tha land ?"
Bnt , even admitting that the " repeal wonld cause us to have prosperity for ages , " how , in the name of all that is good , could that tend to " lay labour prostrate al thefeet of capital ? " Are we not everlastingly told that the wa ^ es of labour depend upon " demand and supply ; " that there is no other way of bettering the cendition of the labourer but either by bringing the labour up to the qanrituy of hands , or reducing the quantity of hands to the labour ; that the labour market ia overstocked ; and that the labourers must be starved down to the quantity which the capitalist can employ ; and now , when a measure is proposed which has a tendency to cause us to liave prosperity for ages , which promises to bring the demand up to the supply , we are gravely told that it would have a tendency " to lay labour prostrate afcik-e feet of capital ! ' This is most admirable reasoning ! and a most singular way of causing the labourer to have to run the hungry race by himself !
Bat in order xo escape the dilemma in which you are involved , you are bound to tarn round and say that yon do not think . that repeal will produce any of the wonderful results promi 8 td by its advocates ; in short , you are bound to Bay that you believe it would produce the results I described in my first letter . Ah , Sir ! this shall not serre your turn . If you think this , how is it that you do not oppose repeal ? Why do you permit your employer and youreeU to " run the hungry race together" without an tndeavour to prevent it ? I& it for some political purpsse ? And if you do not prevent a measure -which " will be fraught with mischief to fevery class , " do you not certainly come up to the picture dra-jrn of you by every Whig and Tory writer in theLuid ?
In paragraph seven you say , " convince the middle class of their interest , by argument , and the day is our own . " Lord help U 3 ! whut a task you have set us How are we to" convince the recipients of the interest of the unjust debt that it would be for their interest aot to receive their dividends ? How are we to go about to convince the recipients of the sinecures and penfions that it would be for their interest that those pensions should go to clothe the nakedness of those who had produced them ? By what process of reasouing are we to convince the half-pay and full-pay officers
and dead weight that it would for their interest that a standing army should be disbanded ? Convince nil the swarm of poor-law commissioners , police commissioners , police magistrates , he , that it would be for their interest to work for their bread instead of devouring the substance of the widow and the fatherless ! Convince the merchant and manufacturer that it would be for their interest that you should have a voicd in the makipg of those laws which would insure you a day ' s wage for a fair day's work ! Convince all these fairly of these things !
Truly , Sir , but you have Bet us an herculean task . Don Quixote's most extravagant of projects was a complete embodyment of wisdom compared to this . No , no , Sir , you cannot convince them of these thineb because they are f ally convinced of exactly the contrary already . Nothing but beinf > alarmed for their own safety will ever convince the middle classes of the necessity of taking part with the labourer ; and they must be convinced , too , that nothing but taking part with the labourer can B 3 ve them frcm the gulf of fixed payments . Repeal of the Corn Laws would lay capital prostrate at the feet of the fixed payments , nor could it escape without the aid of the labourer . Then hurrah for the repeal of the Corn Laws ! W . P .
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THE EXECUTIVE . TO THE EDITOB OF THE NORIHERN STAB , Dear Sir , —The call of our country should be as Teligiaasly ot + ytd as the cail cf God . Impressed -with this cpiuion , I held myself in readiness ,- cheerfully to atund the wishes of the people whenever they think I can be of any service to them . But I would not accept an office cf national trust except by Universal Suffrage and upon honour . The call of the Executive pro tern , to elect a new Executive waa not responded to by the country ard foi these f-iifficicBt reasons . Th = pro tern was a self-elected body—at lea ^ t , eleeted by a council of which the pro iem trere themselves members . No
appeal was made to the country a . t Lirge—not evan to the localities in London . Thrre "was more hnste th ^ o good speed ic this , and the nffairs cf the ChartUt body did not require Each an uuUelibenite proceeding . It looked too much like waiting for deau men ' s fihoea , or rather , snatching np their fhoe ^ without waiting for them . Let Chuti&ai run not like an eccentric comet , out of its course—never let it b- j '' frightened from its propriety "—but still let it shine on all occasions steady and fixed as the Xorlhern Star . I remain , Dear Sir , Yours respectfully , Manor Houbs , Batter 3 ea . Joun Watkins .
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TO THE EDITOB OF THS NOBTHERN' STAR . Warwick Cc ^ nty Gaol , November G , 1 S 42 . Dear Mb . Bill , —By the time your next paper ia published I shall have been elewii weeks in solitary conf .:, ement , and , although Mr . Justice Cressvrell baa ordered bail to be taken f . jr my appearance at the Assizss , iiDd that cirv tufSeient persons have tendered their natnc-s , stul the Birmingham Authorities persist in their r-fus ^ l to accept Ihtm . I received a letter on Thursday morning from Mr . W . Chilton , of Birmingham , informing » e that he bad received the Judge ' s order , ziid that i ! r . Griffiths , the troEeut'Jjj attorney , r : qu . " . r > . 4 eljM sureties in fifty pounds eudt , wlr ' st a ' ctt ^ r which I received from mj woithy fritrjd , SV . P . Rubens , of Bath , stated that only four sureties in fif : y pourids each ~ wire required .
I Bra unable tu siy -. vaica statement is correct ; but tb ~ : 3 I know , lijat the raEses ; . td residences of n ' ne sufficient t-ersons were h . nird to ' . It . Griffi ' . hs on Wednesday iai" :, aad on Friday Li delivered hia declsisn to my f : i = nds to the fuUovriiii , ' 13 " ct : —Messrs . Nurse and Heiam Eg -were acc = ptrG ; aiid Messrs . Tr . ylor , Watt « , C > ibt-. X Fi / iiuvM , Wright ; -jid Mcuie were rejected . Ar-: ; her geEt ' . eman , nauitd Grattan , who ia & press-tool XDakfr , is EOt yet deciJe-i on . From the conduct of the Birmingham Authorities , it is quite cltar that tLey are det ^ rmiiied to keep m& here until the A ^ s Z : 3- From the time of my arrest to the
present maaifciit they hive acted base towards ine . At the coEciusioa of my examination I applied for bail , ¦ which vrus granted , liia . Mayor informing rue that he ihsuld T £% uiiat ~ o sureties in one hundred pounds each , vhich , he said , would do for all three indictments . I h-d tLea tr .-o respectable freeholders in court , who were mli known to bo vfortli ten times the amount , wa ! tieg for . the purptse of offering themselves as my sureties , and informed the magistrates that I was then prepared ; upon which they said they must have fortyeight hours nctice , although the two persoss were as ¦ well known as any in the town .
In ten minutes after , I was hurried off to this place , a distance of twenty-one miles from Birmingham , and for Bome rea £ < n » , best known to the magistrates , the men who came unsolicited to tender bail for me , afterwards declined . Tfie next time that my friends applied they were to !* that four sureties , in £ 100 each , wculd be r- quired , and the Governor tf > his prison afterwards h-foiuied me , that from the manner in which the comruitmtnta were signed , he shou / d require SJX sureties in o . e huiulred pounds each , and thzi the Mayor must have knov n it from the first , he being ihe person that signed tveo of ihtia . " They have since then refused about fourteen shepheepera and tradesmen , vtbo are worth a vast deal more than the amount required ; and I am informed that the policeman -who was ssnt to ir quire into the qualification of some of these vrho gave their names as vriiling to become sureties , threat ' .-ned an bullied thesi about beh ;? Ciaitut ; .
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Notwithstanding the Judge's order , my case ia now in slalu quo . They Beem determined to keep me here , and here I suppose I must remain . I don't see anything else that can be done in the matter . My Bir mingham friends have done their port well , and so has Mr . O'Connor , and I therefore thank them as much at if I was liberated . The poor , miserable Whigs are in a doleful plight , when they are 80 terrified about one man being liberated . I trust that my other friends have had better lack , and that I am like " The last . rose of nmmei , left blooming alone . " I am glad to hear that you keep " going a-head , " and watching the " pedlars , " And am , Your brother Chartist , GB 0-B 8 E White .
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THOMAS M . WHEELER , TO MR . L T . CLANCY Sib—I , in common with my brother Chartists , feel greatly snrprise * at the tone of a letter addressed by yon on Saturday last , to the Editor of the Northern Star , regarding your nomination to the Provisional Committee , In that letter you state , " That the election of such a body was Tery unnecessary , and to say the least of it , a very unbecoming proceeding ; that it refiected neither credit on the judgment or foresight of its originators ; that the country generally was not in favour of the scheme ; that you believe it U altogether the trick of some enemy ; that it is too bad that the whole Chartist body should be set in motion to please the whim of any one who thought proper to send a line to the Star , and that you oppose any power being taken from the present Executive , and will never be a tool in the hands of the enemy to disarm them . "
ThiB , sir , is the substance of your attack npon a body of men , who , in the hour of danger , volunteered , tit considerable loss and risk to themselves , to brave the commen enemy , and prevent , if pos 3 ib'e , any advantage being taken of our party , either by open foe or pretended friend . I , as an individual , could well afford to let such idle charges , such unjust imputations , pass unnoticed , considering the approbation of the great majority of the Chartist public to far outweigh the calumny of one individual ; but in justification of the body with whom 1 acted , I will endeavour to convince you , not by bitter invectives , but by a plain statement of facts , that your charge of its being a trick of the enemy is unjust and uti ? nnn A ftd .
The address of which you complain was issued , on the Monday after the arrest of the secretary of the Executive From the amount of bail , Ac , demanded , it was not reasonable to suppose that the charge was of such a trumped up nature as it has since proved to be ; and your faculties must be very obtuse indeed , or yonr brain clouded with envy and jealousy , if you discovered in the line of conduct which we laid down , any wish or design of throwing off our allegiance to tha Executive ; or in any way depriving them of their justly acquired station . Our object was to
consolidate and preserve , and not to destroy . The policy which we ad | £ > ted met wiih the approbation of Mr . Bairstow aril fir . Williams , the only members of the Executive with whom we could correspond , and was sanctioned by the great majority of the Chartist body , npon whom your attack tells with equal efficacy as upon ourselves . It is also approved of and ected upon by Messrs . Campbell and Leach , who now propose that the machinery which we created to meet the emergency , should be adopted and made part and parcel of our organization .
In conclusion , when y » n are again attacked by a fit of the spleen or a pugnacious desire of uhowing that yon possess the organ ef combatlveness largely developed , I trust that your attack will be made upon the common enemy and not upon men equally honest , equally active with yourself . In the words of the poet" L 9 t your guns io unerring such vengeance forego , What mark is so fair as the breast of a foe ?" I remain , Yours respectfully , T . M . Wheeler .
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TALES WRITTEN EXPRESSLY FOR THE "NORTHERN STAR . " BY CHAUTIUS .
THE FOUNDLING OF AYR . FURNISHED BY A MASON CHARTIST . NO . V . " Good lack , an't be thy will ! what have we here ? Mercy on ' e , a b&rae ; a very pretty barne . " Winter ' s Tales . It was a cold November morning—tho night had been stormy , but had settled into a dull black fro ^ t more perishing than windy weather . The birds were huddling themselves together upon the leaf-dropping trees , without paying their accustomed matins . The cattle had not risen to grsze , and their breath was steaming in the stagnant air . Daylight came heavily forth . No smoke from the chimneys yet indicated th » t any of the cottage fires were lit—the shutters vrere unclosed , and the town looked like a deserted village .
Jsmes Wilson , Etone mason , wa 3 the first to cross bis threshold that morning , to begin the customary Jay ' s avocations , and as he did so , ho stumbled upon what appeared to him a bundle of clothes , but on taking it up judge of bis astonishment to find a male infa&t . He thon ? ht at first that- it was dead ; probably it was benumbed with cold , but it presently opened its eyes a . nd Btareil in his face with the penttraUng gaz-i of a pbysionomiat , for little children , like dogs , judge by a person ' s looks—they are guided by unerring instinct , so math saTer and quicker than reason . Apparently what this poor half-starved infant saw in James ' s face aid not give it any high opinion of his humanity , for it immediately bega . i to cry luatily , and James hiuist If raised h 5 s voice to the top of its pitch , calling on his
good dame to get up and come down stairs instantly . The goad wife , loath to leave her warm bed at that early time of the morning , enquired what was ths matter ? to which James briefly replied , " Come and see . " Startled at this early summons , and at the loud and earnest tone in which it was uvtered , she came as soon as sho could make herself ready . " Here , " said James , giving to her the screaming infant , ' wbat think you of this ? " The good wife took the child mechanically , but s&emtxl equally at a loss - ^ ith James what to think of it . The babe , bowever , seemed to relish its nuw quarters better , for it was no sooner laid upon- her bosom than it Lushc-. i its screamB , and rested with its eyes looking quietly and reposingly into those of the good dame , who -wca regarding it with that maternal fondness which heipless
innocence seldom faiis to draw from its btat . piv . t-ctor —woman . James now related the circumstance of finding the child , and concluaed with saying h « should like to know who bad laid thtir skis at his door , be wt : uM punish them for it . His good damj was nut jealuiis , nor , to do James justice , had he ever given her cau = e . She , therefore , said , ' -It is some poor cr . atura tbat could not take care of it her < seif , and thought that it would be care taken of here—we must take pity on it" " See , '' said Jam s , " if there he : my mark on it . or any iaoney left with it . " Looking into the flinn-. l petticoat in ¦ whi ch it was wrapped , " , " sai ^ i she . " here ' s nothing but its poor naked self , h »\ f peri-heil with cold , poor thing ! ' " Wo are not bound to take ic in , " ssid Jrtwes , " we have enough of cur owntrithout beine ; burdened with other folks ' .
James had a sou and a daughter . " Let ine see , he continued , going to the door , and looking up and down the street , " there ' s nobody stirring yet ; I ' ll go and lay it at the minister ' s iioor—h ' ^ ' s better able to keep it than Wu aTe . " Ihe goo * nan-9 clasped it closer to her breast while she said ; " No , poor thin ^ ! it will die of coid and hunger ; providei . eehas plac-. d it here , and wo must take it . in ; besides , if anjbu ; y should see yc-u , what a thing thct would be i" T ; ns last intimation seemed to weigh most with James . He stood coDsidering for a moment , and then broke out in a Ct of vexat ; on , which made him do all hat swear , and that he woulri not do for the worid . " Dan ? it . ' I sheuld like to know v ? ho iaid it here ; I would willingly loss a dt ^; , "a work , if only I could find them . It is a shame an-. l a sin that honest folks should bo plagued this way
v . it ' j beggars'or Us " Nay , comu , ejjs she , ' yi . u j-bM't be tri / uHed with it . I'll take take caro on't ; leave it to nie ; go away to your work ; Mi iiir . uvge vith it . " James , after casting a ruefUi look at thy child , sulkily obeyed ; but he did not do niuth ¦ wuik tbat day . His mind wa 3 troubied with tho oceurrenw of tha morning , and be several tir . ies left Lla work to make inquiri 3 , but could find no trace if thd parent or person who had laid such a stumbling block in his wsy . Ail the towspeople be ^ an to talk &f the circumstance ; many went to sea tho child , and James , for his own credit's sake , was obliged to make a virtue of necessity , and to maintain the littlo charge which had been so mysteriously entrusted te him . He gave it his own name of James , as tha fiudtr , and the name of Ayr , after the town in which it was found .
James was an austere man , who was reaping where he had never sown . He was a member of the Scotch Kirk , indeed one of its elders , stern in bis morals , strict in all his dealings . Whenever he was out of temper or out of health , he vented his spleen on the additional charge to his family which circumstances had constrained him to keep—he begrudged everything it got , and could not bear to be put out of the way by its cries or even by its playfulness . He used to exclaim vehemently against the sin of bastardy—especially against those who were guilty ef having children they could not keep—and seemed ever disposed to xisib the sin of
the parents on the poor innocent fruit of it . Not so the good dame—she regarded little Jemmy as ner own —nay the circumstance of his deserted condition awakened in her breast something more than maternal softness for Lira , aud she never let him feel the want of the mother who , Hagar-like , bad exDOBed him to charity or to fate . What articles * she procured for him , she got wh'jn her husband was absent at work , and would represent that the things Tvera gifts from charitably disposed neighbours . At other times she soothed him by ttlling him that no doubt the child ' s parents would turn up some day and recompense them for all they had . done
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for it . Her daughter , a girl afcoat neron years old used to norse and dn w the little foundling as though he were bar doll ; but her son , a boy about twelve , imbibed too much of his father's dislike . Thus while the come-by < bMM was treated like a pet-lamb by one half of the famHy-fae was fcetf Bo mach in awe by the other that it was only necessary to threaten him that they sbwld take him , to qrfrt Wm when disposed to be tefradaiy .. * Time paasad , and little Jemmy grew u » » fine healthy boy in spite of the frowns * of his fostw-fathet and brother—for ni& foster-mother and slater task care that they should not affjot him . James had not sent his own son to school—he was in the habit of teaching him himself after work ; but he left the adopted one
untaught . The foundling , however , was naturally quick , and learnt front hearing his brother ' s lessens . Whenever any of the neighbours presented him with a token of their compassion , he bought little books or pencil * with it , and Bometimes bribad his brother to lend him his . But no sooner had he told eight years , than he was taken by hia father to assist him at his work , in order , as James expressed it , that he might do something for his keep . At first , indeed , his taBfes were light enough—being employed in carrying " ttw dinner , " « nd if any object by the way tempted him to loiter , he had the rul » applied to his shoulders , for Jaruea was determined to keep square with him . He soon
put him to other jobs , ad was not always careful to proportion them to hia strength or his skill , though ho never failed to puniflh him for any default in either . He afterwards bound him his apprentice , and then he was still more severe upon him , because he considered that the law gave him a right to be so . Often in a winter ' * morning ha * Jemmy been near fainting at his work before breakfast , but what cut deeper than the cold winds were the taunts respecting his birth and condition from old James , and his son , who , released from being a slave to his father , now tyrauuised in hia turn over the foundling . All these things sunk deep upon hiB spirits , and made him thoughtful beyond his years .
But though James did not care much for the raind or body of hia fostar-son , ho cared greatly for his soul , and was very strict in enforcing his attendance at kirk He even p . iid out of his own pocket for a " Sunday Bark" for him , that he might appear decently there . If the boy ever broke the Sabbath , he was sure to have his bead broken ia retaliation—and the devil himself could not be more severe in punishing his sins than James was , who said such severity was necessary lest tbe child should become a scape-grace as his parents had been . All the while that little Jemmy was in the place of worship , old Jam ^ a kept bis eye on him—and while hia lips moved in prayer or song ho
has frequently administered a smart blow on the head of his pupil with his sacred hymn-book to admonish him of some inattention or inadvertence . The terror imparted by all this , forced tho boy , to assume a demure aspect—to imitate the reverend elder bis foster-father—and to become aa groat a hypocrite . But in secr&t he often mused on the great contrast between the character and conduct of the gentle Jesua and that of hia " humble follower" tbe stem James , arU he saw how little forms and ceremonies have to do with true religion—how often they mock or mask it ; but it might be said of James that fee assumed true holiness , if he had it not .
More were the conflicta at home between James and his wife respecting the treatment of their foundling ( the only thing they ever quarrelled about ) , ard many a blow has the good dame intercepted from the poor fellow . Whether it proceeded front his sufforinga , or that his own n : iture was kindly , I know not ; tut you :: g James was a rematfeably consMerato lad , and never saw any one fn want without being himself in woe . He often meditated upon the secrets told him by his foster-mother . Who had bis parent 9 been ?—hia mother especially ? Had she been some unfortunate deceived one—betrayed and deserted . —or a mendicant ? Was she living now t Was there no way of ascertaining this ?— no clus to find her out ! How gladly would he work to keep her ! These thoughts
softened hia temper and made him inclinable to melancholy . He was a great sympathiser -with any one in distress , and often gave romantic proofs of it , by relieving every poor beggar-woman that he could , for he said to himself , she maybe my mother , and many were the questions that he aslted thorn to discover if it was ao or not . A still greater proof of his sensibility he gave by falling in love out of pity to a poor girl named Susan , because , like himself , she was a cast upon the world and had a hard place in it This did not please hia foster-father , who rated James soundly upon it—but the young man ( he had now grown up ) was near the close of hia servitude , had become " a good hand , was sensible of the value of his work , had lately joined a mechanics' debating society in the town where
be had learnt much cf the rights of man , and was less disposed than formerly to submit in holpkss acquicsence to the tyranny of bis foster-father and master . He maintained the light to thick for himself , and to act for himself , at least on such a point as choosing a partner , but old JanitB told hint if he did not leave her he should leave hia house . This young James would long 8 ince havu done luid it not been for bis filial attachment to his foster-mother , but it vfiw that very attachment which at last brought about hia departure , for on one occasion when she had received a severe blow aimed at James he stood np in her defunct ? , and , not able . any longer to contain hia race , struck at his master , who forthwith banished him outright James immediately went and married Susan , then with hia heavy tools across bla back tramped southward in search of work . ( To be concluded in our next . )
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CONTINUATION OF AN ESSAY ON THE PRESENT SYSTEM , INTENDED AS A COMPANION TO DR . CHANNING' 3 ESSAY ENTITLED " THE PRESENT AGE . " There are two great interests in England : —the agricultural and the manufacturing inter ^ jits-r-the former ia identified with the upper classes , the latter with the middle classes . The working-men or lower classes , as they are called , have no interest at all ; it is deemed sufficient for them to labour for tho interests of others , of those above them . But besides tha landlord and tba mill-lord , there ia the funulord an 4 tho shiplord—all lords together ; but I do not enumerate the two latter as having separate interests , r . ecnuse they have not . Inriepd th <; tiua interests of all ia ' -for each to consider
the interest of tbe other ; to blend harmoniously ; to unite as one But the manufacturer are struggling for ascendancy over the acricuiturista , or rather to aupplar . them . The manufacturers wish that foreign landlords should stfH ' uaaU the corn we want , and buy of us all the goods they want ; but they forget that the foreigner can " manufacture for himsi-lf , aye , and for ua too , as well as grow corn . " Perish conimerco , live tho land !'" is an agricultural ntexini ; but the cry of tho manufacturers is , " Live commerce , perish the landlords and the land too ! " Both . furi ; tt the equitable maxim—Uvo and lot live . The shipioroa say thut foreigners ' are already too much encouraged ; that fcrtignera are runnine ; us off tlie seas . But tbe fun'dloriJa arid thu shop , lords side witk the manufacturer . ! , bec ; ius » , say . ; thuy , trade , not ntjricu ' . ture , brings wealth to a nation . Yts , but it brings vice and -corruption too . Such wealth u
weakness . Ail overlook the main ) i ; int , . tbat is , home trade , or-home consumption . If tho waste / lands in Great Britain were cultivated ; or if the cultivated lands were improved , not only 'would tbeve be no need to import foreign coin , but we could export as we f ^ rnierly did —) : or would there be tbat need ' of a furaign ruaikot for our own manufactured . good 3 , becs . nst Englishmen at hon . o couid take them . Homo colonizition , therefore , ia the grand remedial measure for tho digresses nnd crimes of tha country , Tho land that ia suffered to lie waste where employment and food is -wanted—ia a reproach to our ru ' ers- —is an insult to Providence ; for God said , lut the < - ; irth bring forth its fiuics iii duo season—bring forth -what it is cupuhlo of pr . , ' " . ucing—tut the aristecracy any no , let it '' brood nothing but game for our Bj-. oit , vo will not be barteU oar diversions , though tiid beojtle have to cast lota , and k ' . ll each other for food .
Not only would tha cultivation of the waste lands give employment to all ¦ whom machinery baa driven out of work , but it wouM enable the employed in their turn to-fciuploy all -the manufacturers and tradesmen , i'hcs 9 warehouses and shops are at present fiiiwl with ail kinds of ^ uc-is for which thero is no vender , for how soon would they be emptied , nnd how often might they bt ) refilled ' ami re-. uiptied , if nil who now winder the f . t :.. fcts ami highways ; without food , without clothing , ;»» ifl witbout h ^ bitutioii 3—if all the unemployed were put in a condition to maintain themselves aii'l f . uiiiliss , to procure all the comforta aud conveniences of Iffo , iinil h-jw much more creditable would tliis be to the creation—how much more conducive to tbe iuttrests of viitim and humanity than aa now ,
VrLcu wo every where aee British artizms and mechanics more like scarecrows than nitn—rngged , attenuatedwith wives more like mummiea than women , living skeletons , and children nothing but shin and boue , thsdows , spectrea . It was trade that took men from the land , and now that machinery ia doing man ' s work—is reducing msn to mendicants , they must go back to the land— the land is the true reruge for the destitute . But Government refuses them their natural right to live by the soil—to liva . by the labour of their hands , by tba sweat cf their brow—the curse pronounced on Adarn ' p posterity would be deemed a blessing now , if Government wonld ailow it , tut Government transports tee
working m 3 n if he does but take o ' . the wild cr « ature 3 for food , that are no man ' a prop ? , rty , bui Goil ' a gift to all men—Government ehipa b ' . ni off to cultivate the landa in other kemispherea , to fish and hunt there , or shuts him up in a bastile . Now that Government is unworthy the uanie whior ,, with ample re « ource 8 to feed , and clothe , and tear ' a the people , leaveB one man unfed , unclothed , untar . ght—that Government is nothing but an usurpation which denies any man hia right to the soil , or to a v oico in the making of those laws by which he ia V . ound and governed ; A member of society should auOar nothing that society can relieve . All that perish of hunger ( and more die of that than of any other viis ' .-aae ) are cruelly murdered by our usurpers —our wanton tyrants .
Under ' auch a government and with such a system of society l ; ow could it be otherwise than that the people skouli degenerate- ^ that England should bacome tbe Ecovn of all nations . Our legislators have filed huge Vjlumea with criminal laws— each law a libal on the people , for every l&w presupposes that the people need
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prohibition , n » ei prevention , need punishment ,, when the fact is , the people are degraded by oppras ? ion , their ¦ yery nature is changed—they are uneducated , then taunted with ignorance—they are encouraged to depr&Vf themselves with drink , then taunted with crime—in . ! they are driven mad with hunger , then taunted with coveting food . Instead of being wholesome preventatives of the passions of men , our laws are for the most part provocatives , or rather they are licenses , royal licenses to the vanity , th # selfishness , the avarice and the ambition of ear law-makers themselves . Such is class-legislation ! It encourfcgea- that close competition which as its circle is gradually more and more narrowed by monopoly is feet muting England like the black hole of Calcutta , where every man was heatrtdto tha nuisance , the enemy the death of bis fellow-man , his neighbour , his brother . fTo-lecontinsstf }
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ADDRESS TO THE WATXINS TEST 5 M 0 NIALISTS . ( Concluded . ) " Strange , nnusualblo ** j When : nan ' s worst sin is , he does too much good /' TtnKtir of Athens . The country Chartists in London ( snch of them as have not been cockney tied , ) and all the cockney-Cimrtista , who are actuated . by the spirit o ? tha country , intending to testify their respect publialy for some Chartist whom they deemed worthy of it , and deeming me worthy of that hoaour , formed themseivj-s into a Committee for this purpose , and the . Editors of the Northern Slav and British Statesman , though disagreeing with ea <; h other in other respects , agreed to recommend the objects of this Committee ; bat their unbought praise renewed the ire , awakened the envy and malice ot my uncharitable detractors , who again " cooled my friends , heattnl mine enemies ; . " and , by all those petty personal tricfea which long practice had mado them perfect in , attempted to frustrate or to divert tbe purposes of the'Committee ';' for * said they ,
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' ¦ a young man and a stranger ehould noVbs suffered ' to bear away the palm from old and knows Kadicaln . " I name no names ; I descend to no details p I did not intend to mention these things ; 1 hava hitherto forborne to notice- them ; but there is a time when forbearance becomes culpable to one's-seif , when forgivenesB is a crimu to society , when , for the honour of human nature , we should resent an injury , and . for the interests ot society , should punish tha doers of it . If my brother Chartista deem me not an unworthy or ill-deBerving member of their body , they will rejoice to see me assert myself with becoming Bpirit—to see Hie stand at bay , and repel the fonl insinuations of tho yelping pack that bark their bafflid spite at nw . There ia not one of them who is reputable either in public or private life , not one but would be hissed and Looted out of society in the country .
" Let them do their spite . The services that I have done to Chartism Shall out-tongue their complaints . " Be it known then that I do not rugret the malevolence of these curs , on the contrary I feel proud of it , for I take comfort from the words of Swift , who says . " You may know a man of genius by the confederacy of all the dunces against him , " and again , " You may know the best fruit by ita being mo 3 t pecked at . " Moreover I know that were I a fool or a knave , I should not be feared , I should not be hated , I should ba { Littered , I should be favoured by fools or knaves . 15 ia the honest man they dislike .
The much-abuaed ssrmon waa again brought up and cast into my teeth—it waa again made a bugbear of . Now" to every word of the sermon I stand as I would to my gun while there w ; is a shot in the locker . I am ready to discuss it word by word with one , with all , who may dislike it ; and I Bolbiunly avow it as my most serious conviction that Chartism in London will be like Jonah ' s gourd , spring up' { one day to wither th 8 next , or lika a wave that rises and falls in mere noise and froth , the " tale of an idiot full of sound aud fury signifying nothing "—a mere inaygaine until the men ef London screw their principlea up to tha pitch of that sormon . Have not the people and thuir rival leaders united to pronounce it good ? Ara not ita prophetic truths d ; iily proving themselves , yea , hourly m : \ king themselves manifest ? Had the warning ' s in that a&rraon been properly heeded , we-should not have heard of the Siurges , : ho Tread wells . ' or tbe Griffins . Let those who have not
read it , read it ; and those who have read it , read it . again . Let them look at those who denounce it—seek them and you will find them to bo a mere cabal , a clique that follow the cause as sharks follow a ship at Bta , not from principle , but from interest—carrioncrows , who gather whsro the carcase is—thoy would have left the ciusu long age could they have decoyed the people after them—they do not suffer , nor will they serve , for nothing—they make tbemat > lves all things to all men , that by any means they may get money—hollow , rotten , slimy things are they , wboae fingers are lime-twigs—whose tongues are forked—they are the political pedlars , the Chartist cheats , who scruple not to rob even the poor victims that suffer for their fidelity to the cause— " London lice" as O'Connor aptly termed them—leeches , who should ba treated to a little Attic salt to make them disgorge their plunder , or at Jeaat to force them to quit their hold of thoir prey .
We are toUi that Pharaoh held out againbt all the plagues except ths plague of iica ; he held out against darkness , against locusts , against frogs , &c ., but he could not stand tbe ; lice . So it is with Chartism—we have been tried with famine , tempted by disunion , proved by persecution , and now what can prevent the good ship from arriving at the harbour—what but tho barnacles that stick to her bottom 1 —^ wbat can hinder the good cow from thriving ?—the lico upon her back I- ' ¦ •' . '¦• . It is for the people to see that the cause be not eternally disgraced , bo not etornaliy lost , by the iuttu-« ion of things possessing neither talent ror
honestyclap-trap Chartists , nieru mouthers , docoy-birds for fowlers , second band retailerB of other uun ' s . cast .-of ] thoughts—things who degrade the dignity of the cius ' o , wka make it loso its imposing attitude , its moral influence ; who draw upon tho cause the contem ^ i ; duo on . y to themselves , who make a byeword- of Chartism . Men of self-respect ¦ will not hava thtir naintis associated with the insects that fritter away the public time and money—lions will not stay to be annoyed by sriata—drive these out and their betters will come in ; But hew are they to be driven out?—by satire ! th ^ y are impassive to reason—the toads should ba touched by Ithuriel ' s spear—the rats should be smoked out , and nothing less strong than brimstone can do it . The Autolycuses and the Momuses are not wanted , and must be weeded before the saed can bring forth
truit : : I know that many sincere Chartists havo withdrawn from the association—tbat many others have refused to join that the trades k ^ tp aloof from the fountain because its watere iire troubled— because- something aiis the cause—because it is cursed by ti' 9 rats and tho lice . Men get asbamerl of Chartism when suck things can call themselves 'Chariiat?—things that can only subserve - sinister ends or make a . fool •' of Chavtisni . Fat . sta . if-was aaharned of his followers , !; ut cur followers have more reason to bu ashamed of some of thtir leaders . These things aro entitled to the most serious consideration of all true Chartists , for it is owing to these things tbat the cause doeB not progress aa it ought to do and would do .
I have no personal enmity to indulge in these remarks —the provocation I bave -received--would justify the severest retaliation . ; but not to ; myself but lor the BHke of the cause do I speak—not for . myself-bat for the sake of alt'who . way hiive suffered similarly with myself . I own no man as my eDiiuy who . is-a friend of his country ; nor no enemy of his . c-r-untry as a personal friend . Had I an enemy I should forgive him wcra hn a . friend of . the cause ; , but . this is paradoxical . I-h ;; d rather put up with private wrongs then suffer ; uy exposure \\ t them to retard public ligUna , ior 1 ani of ilii ; mind of Scylla in . this respect"Ha who did aubdue His country ' s foc-a , ere be would pauso to feel The wrath of iiis own wronii . "
Nor have I any disappointed ambition to gratify—quite the contrary . Ever sinco I cam a to London 1 iiuvd had to steer through shoals and quukbands , and if . I have escaped the rocka on which soraa older r . nd more promising biika have split—if 1 hr . ve weathered out tho storm by keeping out at seii ' and not sunning ' with a trade-wind for any saug but aishor . ourubla harbour ' or . the leq , it is because I hava < -ver kept the causo ia view—the cause has been nrf Northern Star . In conclusion . I have made this statement cf facts upon principle , that the people may have un opportunity of forming a just judgment for the ban- fit of the cause . I have ; stated these facts gleaned from personal experience and observation'to give our brethren in tbe country a true idea of the . crdeal which any young
aspirant of probity and talent ni : » y expect to be sub- , j ^ cted to in Ljndon . I haveiatvde tii ' -a statement ia ¦ writing , because by tbe lmichinatious of my vu ' . gtx asid venomous truduce ' rs" I am prevented from doing it per-. sonally—I nave mado it because unless a better understanding taktsa place tbo pcoplo ' s friends can ' nut do all the service they would wish to tbe people ' s cause . Thia paper will not be written in vain it it prove frcni example that after all there 13 rothir { profitable but houesty—nothing expedient but 'what juBt and tbat " there is no time so miserable but a ma . may be true . " When I was confined to my bad by the dangerous iline 8 s which my z ^ al or enthusiasm ( though I was denounced for it ) had brought upon me , then were my malipners most active—that was the time the earwigs ,
the " nest of unclean birds" took to spread their principles which are misrepresentations and , i ! uso , but thank God I am spared to be an instrument in hia hands for the furtherance of this most righteous caustj—thank God I have regained my health nr . spirits—thank God I am independent ; nnd now I dnd ray backbiters like tha"Jews ' of whom Cbrist salt ' ., when ue went about dally-tea ' phing . in the Tenip ! e aud Syucgoauts , thoy shrunk from questioning him . Yes , it is aot in open places—iu broad- daylightr-anci' by fair meaps ; but it is behind ' -lank , underhand , ' and by treachery ttat such men woik , V . fee Elfn-. ' . a , they give the eup of friendship with ono hufcd , aud , vj . ile you are drinking it , they stab yau . In the back with t&a other .
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But i ondon , afcer all , would ba a good Chartist place- it wonld be tbe beat , ns it is the most important ) were it noi" for the " lice . " Let not the country be innoculated by tbo virus of the town ; but let the town be msde het ' -ltby by an infusion of conntry blood . JOHN WATKINS . Manor Ho > is 8 » Batteraea .
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THE EXECUTIVE . To TUB . CHAETISTS OF GREAT BEITAIW . I cordially agrt e with the sentiment of our General Secretary , that tl'e election of individuals to fill up vacancies in tbe Executive will hava to be abandoned , ( think , in - ' fact , it ought to-be j the period of tim » it would have to ait before the annual election iB so short , that no h jury can arrive in tho mean timesufficient to justify tbv trouble and inconvenieoee that would bo occasioned by adopting : the proposition Thi » is my individunl opinion , bnt a * the Editorof tea ' Star truly observes , it is for the peopia-to determine .
I embrace this opportunity to return my thankffnotwithstandiij * , to the Chartists et Nottingham , Sarrington , and their respective localities for their aonfldence , evincBd aa it has been by their requisition for me to allow my nama to be placed « n the nominatrari list , and to assure them that my -diverta ! consent waa spontaneously given atthe crisis from ¦» conviction tha& it is the duty of every man who really wishes to promote bis country ' s freedom to stand 2 rm by hts principles In the hoar of danger , as well a » adesiie that our oppressors may see , h . owev r -hey may vainly endeavour t > thin « ur rankaof our acknowledged loaders , by tyrannical persecution—that there is no lack of patriotism to supply the vacuum thus momentariHy-occasioned . Should the election be proceeded With I shall be found at the post assigned tome whate ?» r it may be , but for the reasons before stated , I tlnsk the better course is to abandon it for tbe present Richard Sakjuns . New Inn Yard , Carringt ^ n , near Nottingham , Nov . 7 , 1812 .
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TO TB « EDITOB OF THE NORTHERN SPAR . Si ? s—The town of Hanley aud the Potteries generally are at the present time quiet and peacouirte , and : ire likely to remain so for tome thus , coasidering the authorities of tht-se townships arc hacked by tha pby 8 ieal power of the Government . Tiiereare , however , n- ) w very few specials on duty , as eonio cf t : * m hava become discontented with receiving no ! l : o for their labour ; , but to make up this deficiaiicy , the eounty Quarter Sessions hava come to the decaioa cf . putting the whole of the Pottery district under the uzvr Constabulary Act , and discharging the whola of pur local police . It is very likely tho Act will be ndopied for the whole of the county of Stuffml .
The syatL-m of » cen £ i' 3 lising the new police f 3 rce put va operation by my Lord John Russull aud other pseudo Liberals of the late Guyernmt-nt , baa be > a wellrecommended at the above sessions , ' aiid , no- doubt , will be carried out moat stringently in t ' . ra neighbour-. - hood , at leabt . The Whigs of these townships have , nevertheless , taken great otfence at this step , as it has taken away the power of the township commissioners and vested it solely in the sitting magistrates of the Potteries . The Whigs say , they ' will unly have . the privilege of paying for this new power , ' without haying the chance , of selecting the cffiu = rd , iStc . &c ; but tboao Wbi » B forget to tell us that the commissioners were befora a perfectly u' ? £ 3 ppn 9 tbl <; body . The screw then Will bo driven tighter for the Wiii ^ a iu future , aa well as for the ' poor deluded Chartists . '
The colliers at Mr . Sparrow's coal works have agaia this we ^ k struck-against a reduction of four shillings in . the pouad . Thia will plainly show that the rasters , even with physical force at their back , will nob be able to compel tha miners to submit to tha iron-handed deapotism of the eoal-mosters . Mr . Sparrow is tbe same master who first reduced the men previous to the late disturbances , and which waa coiieidered the eauso of the late outbreaks . The principal leaders of the Chartists have fceen seized and lodged in jirison . Some bave taken their trial , an < i some ara about to be ba'led . out , ' . cpn . i : quc-ntly Ci ' . nnot be charg : ; J with having turned cu ; the ruinsra afresk . Thus the causes are still remov .-d , viz . cbsa lesislatioi ) . ¦ . WJien- 'wiH the eyea t > f the G- ) venjnieut be opened to the Intetests of . tha working chassis ? We eay never , till the people are ready to force thcmselvea upon its notice .
Bail has betn offerBd by two r >? sp ° ctarile gentlemen of tbis neighbourhood for John KfcLarda , and probably will ba accepted . Let every Chmtistlook out and claim liis privileges ; , and let them vend ' r their Bupport nioru tbin efsr at this very ' critical . peried , and allow not thoir cconiios to triuraph ovftr thein , by seeing th' -u- : frieiids inimurod and then neglected , Let the Ohurtiits thi&ugL-out the Staffordshire Potteries bring up the me ; ins to forward William E ! li 3 ' s case to the Qaeens Bunch , which remains at present'in sta ' . u quo . Up and be doing , for there ia no time to lose . I will here JMst . mention that the s-ims wetk os the sentence was passed upon Ellis , his p : > or old mother ' s parish relief . was taken from her , whlirt her bus ^ and liva ill in tb . 8 house and not expected to live . Will Mr . A'Hbutt , tLe Christian Editor , enquire into thi 3 ? Let us see . ' ¦ ¦' .. . A tea party is expected to take place eood , of which due notice will be given . Yours ,
Moses Simpson . Hanley , Staffordshire Potteriea , November 8 th , 1842 .
Untitled Article
Sjngclati Accident . —Last week , Mr . Heeding residing at Penhis Rocks , Sussex , had . b ' eeu out during the day ¦ shooting , aud ou . his rctuvii took oif his jacket and thrti > v it across a cl > air . Mr . Beedin . ^ s ¦ log went to tho ' pocket and took out tho pov . derlia « h aud dropped-it into , tho fire ; : U . imme < J ; atoly ' exploded , b '; ow out the window -and damaged ihe furniture ; -b ' uJ' . although Mr . B ^ eding ; . was ia the room at tho time , he fortanately escaped unhurt . ¦ ' '• ¦
The Thial of Suisse . —S ^ rnQnoiion mstybs formed . of the heavy oxp ; nsesattenr : inx the defence of SuiBse , the late Marquis of Hertt ' ord'a va at , from the subjoined tavern bill sent in to Suis-e ' a solicitor tor th © ¦ re fresfcntenlti , & 3 , supplied to his witnesses durina : three days only . Too Rccoiiii ; commencp . s , " 1842 , August-24 . ' ' - and runs thus : — " Dinners ami doss-crt , £ 20 ' , luncheons , £ i ; seas and coffees , £ 3 ; Snerry , ( iced ) £ 10 I 5 s . : I ' ort , £ 8 8 ,. ; Ciia-nioaiijio , £ 16 IOs . 6 J . ; Mock , £ 8 18 :-. 6 U ; Claret-, £ 4 16 ; . ; , ao / ia wa- ' ter , lemonadrt , arid pinker beer , £ 1 5 s . GJ . ; cigars , £ 12 ^ . ; m-i H iiid spirits , £ 3 ' 17 . i--6 d . ; rc-ms as inya ^ od , £ ; i 3-i . " Tlw items for tho second Way are : — " Au ^ usf ; 2 o . h . Dhinorsand des 3 f » r > . £ 20 ; iuncheon ? . £ ' , ) lit-. ; ' teas and coffees , £ 2 15 s . ; Shrrry , ( iced ) £ 11 15-. ; ¥ »\ % £ 6 153 . ; Ci ^ . mv-agn- -. , £ 15 105 . G i .: Hock , ct'b" 15 > . 0 ' ' ; . . ; -Clartt , £ 5 lUs 6 1 . ; soda wait-r . £ 3 ' . l 0 s-. ; Liitiiii ^ : £ 1 7 * 6 'j . : ni ; - ' r 'iqnor and }
p ' pTits , £ 4 3 i . 7- .- ; r < : < nns as engaged , £ 3 3-t " On the third < iay , the' 2 G . ih of Aujiui-t ,: — Di : ; iars and . dpesi ; rt 3-, £ 20 ; luncheons , £ 2 5 s ,: teas aud cofi ' ecs , £ 2 7 s . 6 d . ; ShPi-ry-and Poi't , £ 17 0 .. 6 ^ : Chaiapagnc ,- £ 15 10-s . 6 d . ; Ho-kamt CLret , £ 15 9- ! . ; s . > . ja water , l ^ njoi . acio . & . CM £ 3 ; raahrqun-, hpiri ;* , und ciainrs , £ 5 '] fl 3 . ' 6 d . ; refreshments at . ihtxtnurt three day ? , £ 2 iis . SS . ; rooms as engaged . £ 3 . iii . " Total for tha thivo days' i-eives ! : meut . £ -J . > 7 VS--4 . 1 . To whhSi \ isa '' : d < . dj £ 'Z 10 s . ior "' waittr . s < -J : i . -n : be . i-: n . ' : ; d , ar . 'J mesf . il ?« er , £ 110 s . per diVra a .: ^ ir inu ; " and for u Ku ; uliy t > rok-. n p V' ^ P ? , £ 1 9 ^ D •' . ; " makiag tlic wh ' oiouuioun *; " £ 20 'C 13 v 1 . ff haiVj-n already stated ; that . " vir . Th .-si ^ er hid S'Xl ^ itini-usi ' -jchla brijf , s ;) d Messrs . Clarkscn , 'Cha ' : ; : l . '< trs , and James , fii ' -y guineas c ; ieh . Sui . ^ i : is ivt i-rc-ent reiidin ^ ia i ' M'ii . and the ¦ whole arr . < y > n- oi' iiis loriuno is stated ro beiiaJe short of £ 400 MH ) .
Cheap Fuji . —Tho tvk * o ? cft . d-nsh ai Brii ; hto'h kaS'ia ' u-jy b ' .-eii unusually 3 ay , i , 'f ; . £ «« ' £ .-h sel ' Anu . afc Usb than cue ptnny a pound .-, O ; i . Moi-iiay the mar « kei was co ; aplftely glutted , a-iifi ecvt . ii fiiii , v . - eit ' , hing i ' roiu twenty-five pou . ids tt > thirty ' ; . iih : is each , w «; ra sold for ti ^ ht ibilliUf ;^ . 'iliO . ' fiMi ar ^ f . ^ sh from tho water , and the itr ^ n i ^ lir iii . un . ! :, O ! a . Loss of Thrkh Viisns . — On . Tiicnii-y evening ) a :. r three pilot * , Kioiiarl ; Vi * Gre ; v y , ::: u ! two men of ihe aais . e ot fd"Ke < . > p ; i , v > : i . i . c-i .: ' .-. 'ii 10 the . Loiigli . 011 tholttok out foi-vos-o .:-. Y .: > t-: r--uv uornnig , tho boat in which they k ; : ; r out wa-s pie ) -: t'd up H' : ar Bangor with her s : ! : ra out .. 1 $ is t-ar .. pc&ed that either tl ' . o boavhtcd been run down by a stearaboat , or had bci : u . capsized in ; a sq-. 12 . il ; thafornier supposition , it is to be hoped , W ! .-l prove correct , aa .-rhero will be then a grtatfr prubabili ; y of tha men having beeit sescued ftpui a v / atery grave . — Uis'er T . mss .
The Completion of the Tc . nmee . —This stupendous ivork is "iiuished , and Wapping has r . a « oa to be proud oi' such a ' truly . 'wappi :.- . !? underabng . Perhaps no eaterpii . EO ever had so much cold wati-Tthrown upon , it , aud nevor was there ' a . project wiiieh i ? seeino : ' . a £ ouo timo co difirait to go through Witn . Tho cpt'i » i ? -: r hrv 3 worked ltk « a horse , and has scarcely cvor been Out of the thitt ; . The' oriiiiual shareholt-ir : •• : , whose ; . orkct 3 vrtrc . wbVi drained ia fruitless . fcff > r : s 5 O draimhe tumu-1 , hu-ve li'ivr tha Si'tisf ' ac ' - ionoi" or . ee inoro running Ihrou ^ h-thvi : prqpjrey . F ' -rson > :: i ; md the ardour o : tr . e p-rojeutyrs was dsmped bj ihe v . crk :- going on too sw'inwi . ' Ai / . Whenaccidcr . 'ts vriro evcry-dayoc ' ciiriTiioasthe Tuanel was a matter cf interest : but . puvco the water :: aa
been . fffe-Biually kept out , it . has h-vi a « iry -uj ci . On wore than one occasion , the coryir-nn- would have been swpmped . in spite of ali Y . vy \* bdr . £ put to the pmnp ^ if government had not leut them their sur . < er . 'Ihe im . ds , in fact , were at low-r . atei mark lor . j ; be-< or < i tho ' wovkfi reached the same desirable point ; and the more the tunnel was pet afloat , the more wt-re tho ' sharehoidera abound in their urnlcrialiixig . But ihe perils r . ve now . ' p&st , r-nd !;•« ' Turaw ! p : . oains a ^ Jk monument to BriUEh . ertrrpri .-f . We should -sli it , perhaps , a- pili : i to the FametA" the in ^ . hu-r , if it were not , tnat a pillar te inccta ^ leta . ivsi ' ioui two things , one of v , l \ Wh , the ? baft , bai . b ;! fcn VjUo ' -i away , while the proprietors luive . loiifj . s-ir . ^' - ' lost »!>; htpf the c&f > lial ,- * -Cruikshan }\' $ ComiQ Airuinqck f $ r 1843 ,
Untitled Article
' THE NORTHERN STAR , 7
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 12, 1842, page 7, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct913/page/7/
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