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THE NORTHERN STAR. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 25, 1843.
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TSE LANCASTER, TSIAXtS.
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- _ __ ^ ¦ ——^^^^ ^ ~—OTE " KEBECCA" MOVEMENT
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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' "DARTIES desirous to perfect their sets of this JL valuable Work , will do well to apply immediately , as there is but a limited quantity of some of the numbers now on hand . i Every Chartist ought to be in possession of this Record of the great Chartjst Thicmph over the Tory Government . It was tbe best and most euo-¦ cassfal legal fight tbe Movement party ever had . Tae : example then afforded may be followed , with adv&n-; tage , by tha Defendants in Ireland . \ A few Copies of that excellent Work , I THE STATE OF IRELAND , I BY AKTHCB O ' COXKOB , ' remain on hand , and may be had in two Numbers , at Fourpence each . No Man can nnderstand the position of Ireland , or the bearing of Irish Q lestions , who is not conversant with this perfect pictnre of Ireland ' s Condition ; the causes of her degradation , and the Remedies for her manifold evils . London , Cleave ; Manchester , Hejwoed ; Leeds , Hobson , Northern Star Office ; and all Booksellers .
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3 > lzrxi 5 G op Trustees or the Cabmaithen Hifif Iefst . —A meeting of the above Trnstees was teldon Friday last in tha Talbei Inn , Jflr . Morris in tbe chair . Xfce subject of tlie removal of tbe gate * at Handover ? - and Pentrebacii , to T > e replaced by another in a csatrai situation , was brongit again before the meetins ; MFben ilr . Stephen Janes stated that he had an objection to a toU-honse being erected on his property , as , if the rates were discontinued , parties of loose character nsfsTjt become tenants of the house , and Tlamage might b » done to bis woods to tiie neighbourhood . He therefore declined the proposal which bad been made to h 5 m . The Clerk stated that be had no donbt that Mr- Godetjch would have no objection to the toHbonse being erected on his Jand , and it "was ordered aocordin ?? j ; tbe land to be paid for on -valuation .
J&i . Bnlir-a , toll-contractor , presented his > ffl for tee loss ho h . i 1 snsiaiBed in Ibis trust , in consequence of the "TJabtcca" outrages ; he had added the -whole BTBonnt of tbe receipts together , -and compared them TXizh th- ^ se of-the pre vi o us y ear . He fcucd that tbe deficiency in tse present year amounted to jg 31 i 12 * 4 d , Fnd he clsimed that this sum , therefore , be allowed bis - The Chairman was of opinion that this waa sot s fair jn = lhod of making the calculation , and that the mere eonraon course would be for Mr . B . to have stated tbe length of time that the gates were down , s-Dd bo t- ' , ls taken ; then to lave ascertained the ? wcnnl taken during the same periods in the former yesr , asd te have claimed this sum as compensation for Ms Ices . So few trustees being present , tbe matter "ites left ever to the next meeting . Sundry small bills were presented and ordered to be paid . Tbe meeting ws ? adjourned to Friday , the 20 th of December .
Jscesimabt Pibe . —On Tues&aj morning last , ab ? Dtlialf-pa « t fonr o ' clock , the ont-honjses of a farm called nwyrfjynnonsra , in the parish of nanegwad , about two mDes from Brecbfa , were . set on fire , when tbe whelewere entirely destroyed ; lncfeOy , the dwell-3 n 5-fc » n « f f ^ eaped the coLSxgration , in consequence of the Tried blowing from the north . It appears the farmfesnse was unoccupied , bnt sww tenant was expected tO take P 0 SL ££ Sioa on Ihefollowing day . It is supposed ?^ atBpccs saajber da ughters th o o ^ ht p roper to have recourse to this mode o ! revenge npon tbe in-coming tenant , fcecsnse be became the snccesBor of another who
had girstt his landlord notice of quitting ; and accordingly difl leave the place on tba 29 th of September last . ; The out-honses were set 2 re to in four different places ; and some person in the neighbourhood passing at that ; l " me , saw a man with a light in his hand on the pre- < mises , bnt passed oa natoraHy thinking he was the new *^ sant- There can be donbt that this < lxsgrseefnl oat- nge 5 b the work of that midnight marauder , Becca and .-her oBspiing . as will be seen by the following threaten- j ing letter , sent to the in-coming tenant , which is * eridently the production of that Lady or one of her : daughters : — }
Sib—Inasmuch as we have taken in hand to take -view of those hardens which so heavily oppress ua , as a cocctry and UBigabonrhood , we have thought fit , to adopt some measures in order to remove the cause of sach oppresElocs . "We class among the number of l"rdsl > ips with which we iava to contend , tne enormous leaLiwehave te pay , an-oppression which actually redness tu , to ruin j and when any farmer applits to his landlord that he declines holding his tenement at \ Ihe enstomary rent , with a view of obl ~ iining a reduc- ; Bon in tis rent , in order to save himself from ruin , ; Mother shameless devil comes forward and proposes to : jive more for the said tenement than the apparent out- "' going tenant . We have been informed that you are i of the self which is
guilty -same transgression , virtually prohibited in the Bible , and reason also loudly proclaims against such conduct . In consequence of your coveting a farm , called ilainrffynonynedd , in Hie parish of UanegWEd , now occupied by "F ^ rfrp * Janes , we deem it advisable to inform yon that we do not allow you or My other individual to be so daringly audacious and impudent , as to make any proposal or offer to the landlord of tbe said tenant , and thereby precipitately cast oat tbe said person crz .. the present tenant ) . Be " so kind as so give Rashe ! thorough fairplay ; and we desire slso to put you in possession of this , that we do not believe that you wOl escape the chastisement of Beeea- I am one who uphold fsirpl&y . 1 KB COXSiABriAfiv " FoBCE of Carmarthenshire
( exclusive of the boroash town of Carmsrtb&s , which does not pay towards the county police rate ) consists of one chief constable , six superintendents , and fifty ' Serjeants and constables : the annual expense charged in Hie coucty jrate for lheir support is about £ 4 . 800 . Of this amount , no less a sum than j £ l . 3 ? -J isswallowed up in the relviea of the chief constable and superintendents , and in the following proportions : —chief c ^ nstsble , £ 450 ; superintendents , £ 15 * each , exclusive of clothing , travelling allowances , && Tbu » we have a superintendent to every dphl constables . The Conxisswx op IyqrtRT is prosecuting ita IaboErs . What may be tbe result of the irqairies made
5 * seaway yet feTenma * tETof apecolation ; but one good Will t ? at afl ETgnti effeSsd—the femoral oia" phraser station , " erpcted wjthDnt 6 ven Ihe semblance of law . Tee head Commissioner , Mr . FraBkland Lewis , has addrefsed the following letter
ilO TES TSrSTZES 0 ? TBS KIDTVSLI . T TE . CST . [ C 5 SXLBHES , —I have been informed by Mr . Siaeey , - Clerk to the KidweHy Trust , tbat tbe renter of tbe Gate = ai Porti-Bhyd , which is in the Three Commotts Trust , has put a chain across s road nut in that Trust , but in the K 5 dwe % Trust , at tha point where the two ro * d » intersect each other . Hr . Sfr »< ry informs me , that , as Trustees of tbe , KId-Trelly Trust , you have made no order , and given no authority . tO eatai > l ) ah & G » . t » , o » Bu , tX thnt place ; fid tbat the renter of the tolls is in no way justified in : obstructing paseengera , or in demanding tolls thereat \ The Commissioners entertain bo donbt that tbe
Tiastees of the Jbdwelly Trust , will , without delay , rrrsrtsin whether 31 r . Stacey has , or has not been correctly informed . And if the facts turn , on investigation , to fee as stated , that thej will take Jtep 3 to prevent the existence of an illegal obatmetion to the free pr-rje of a public highway , Which ongbfc not any tune to be endured , fat les so in the present excited state of the public mind in their districts . 2 £ r . Stacey informs the Commissioners that the toll rr * ier girea a ticket of tbe Three Commotts Trust to f ^ ose who pay at the Chain which he sets up in the Ed-welly Trust ; and this tiefces , when presented at ihe KQweEy Gate , is properly h . eld to be of no avail .
Tee Commisaionen are fully persuaded that the Trus- \ tees will giasily exert themselves to examina into an ; alleged wrong , which is stated to be exercised under colour of their authority . I have the honour to be , Gentlemen , i Tour faithful servant , ! TH 8 HXS FKAJKLASD LEWJS . i Csrmsrilien , Tfov . 10 , 1843 . ] COJOJITTAI O ? T-WE 5 TT-S 1 X REBECCATTES—The I following is the resnlt of the apprehension of the Be- j l ^ ccaites for polling down t&e gates and destroying the [ toll-honsfes s , l Parfearaerfa ami Fis&gUBtd on tb . 6 llUl Qf Sepbeaber la « t . They -were « xsmrced "before ^ r . H . O-: Owen , Yice-Lieutenant of the county , and a full bench of magistrates , at Fishgusrd . William Owen < the lady Bebecea ) , James Gwynne , and Thomas Gwynne , were committed to the next a& £ Z 33 , but were held to bail , themsalvea in £ 100 ea « b , and two sureties in £ 50 each ,
Dsvid John , William Thomas , Ihomas Grifiitbs ,. Bxnlyn Grifiths , Owen Jenkins , Jama Morgan , Wm . ; Griffiths , Wa Baizgy , Thomas WiDiam 3 , Edward ] Harries , John PMQips , William John , Thos . 2 ? iobolas , "William Soberls , Daniel J > Avifi 3 « William Jen- ¦ , kins , James Owts , James PhDlipa , Tkavid Pial-, lips , Gtorge Morse , Thomas Bdwards ^ Thomas ] 25 o » e , and D ^ vid G ^ ffiths , were fully « raunilt 33 , and \ bddtobai ] , themselves in £ 56 each , and two sureties j in £ 25 each . The excitement in the town was very j great , particularly as regarded the anformsnte , Thomas \ WOliams-and his wift ; , ysho were oKiged lo be guarded , day and light from tbe barracks to the Commercial " Inn , where the magktreua sat The priseners -ffere : Confined in the Maikevlionse , EnrroirBiie < S by a treble » jnsra of rnatraeB . Tie Commercisl Inn was also "trongly ^ Baxfied Bnnrig tha time the magistratss were , tittiTg . J
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their opinions on the subject to me ; » ud I will lay them bfcfore the Central Committee of the above body , for tbe purpose of consideration . Secondly , the plan as advertised in last week ' s Star , ii another effectual mode of assisting ourselvca , I mean the Operativo Tailors' Association , and Joint Stock Clothe ** Company , established for thfl purpose of giving employment to its members , by uniting lheir small means , to enable them to open establishments in various parts of London for the supply of clothes , to tbe working classes and others . The design of this Association is to create a home market for our own labour ; tu bring into active co-operation all tr-e 3 es , such as shoemakers , hatters , bakers , builders , sempstresses , AcC ; to effect an exthange of produce through the present circulating _
medium . Let all of the above trades and others assist the tailors , by becoming shareholders is tbe above conoern ; and the tailors in return will assist the shoemakers , Ace ; each and all having an interest in each Joint Stock Trading Company . By these' means we shall become customers te each otber . There will be an identity of interests ; it will he the means ef keeping a portion of that capita' within our grasp that is now used by tbe moneyocracy to perpetuate that baneful an 4 awful systtm of competition which is fast sinking the working classes of this conntry . The anti-Corn Law League say their opposition to the Corn Laws , srbes from a desire to breBk the right arm of the Isnded aristocracy : our object should ba to break the right arm of the moneyocracy , ihe greatest tyrant-of all . Here is a wide field for alL Onr female friends should unite together upon tbe same principle , ar . d establish a company of their own , making the
price of the shares come within their means ; the males also taking up shares for the purpose of assisting them . Where is there a man amongst us who would not be glsd to purchase his shirt , or any otber article that tbry may have to dispose of , instead of their being compelled , as at present , to make shirts for capitalists at three halfpence and five farthings each ? Why not the glovers of Leicester , who are -now on strike , commence for themselves , and send their produce to the companies of London ; also the stocking makers , ka . In fact , let us adopt the general principle of trading for , and with each other . I rejoice that the tailors have set the first example . They hold their meetings &rety Tuesday evening , at the Hope Coffee Hense , 'Parringdon-street , City . Do yon follow it , both political and social Reformers . By wise arrangements this can be carried into effect . It will be the means of crippling tbe resources of the tyrants , m well as securing to ourselves tbe reward of © ur industry .
The third and last proposition , but not least , is tbat we should sever lose sight of the necessity ot obtaining political power ; for withont it we should never be able to proect our labour—without it we shall continue to be what we are—slaves of the worst description ; without it our liberties will never be respected . In short we require political power as a means . The National Charter Association have already agreed to go upon the land as soon as practicable . Where should those who go upon the land seek for a market for their produce but among those who have a direct interest in keeping them there ? The trading companies will require their produce ; they from tbe trading companies in return .
In submitting these propositions for your consideration , I am actuated but by one motive—that of assisting and protecting onrselves , by placing us in a better position to demand political freedom ; for , rest assured , if the day of our redemption takes place , it must be by our own means . The winking classes must workout their own salvation , by , as B- Peel has said , " taking their own affairs into their own hands . " I am , fellow-workmen , yours respectfully , j . W . Parker , Suffolk Coffee House , Old Bailey .
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IRELAND AND THE IRISH . The latest intelligence of which we can avail ourselves from Ireland leaves tbe dispute between Mr . T . B . C . Smith and tbe Irish nation in statu quo ; andharinjj little to add on the subject of the sqnabble to what -we have alreadj said , we now
travel out of the mazes of the law and leave th * ] political labryntb for the purpose of considering the j people . In truth , it is high time that some thought , be given to the nation , even though the legal tools and political irons be allowed to cool the while . We hare ever argued the justice , the propriety , the necessity , theexpediencj , and the indispensability of repealing the act of Union .
Apart from our well-known opinions upon the grand principle of democracy however , we are bound to enter the field of general disoussion with those who , apart from politics , see the wants of Ireland , and are prepared to administer what they call practical remedies . We regret that this class thoughnamerons , ia unrepresented in feeling : because the whole valne of the squabble to tbe two powerful partieB in the Btate consists in tbe political uses to
¦ which they can respectively turn them . Hence we find tbe "Whig portion of the press palliating , if not commending in 1843 , acts , to suppress which they passed a Coercion Bill in 1833 . Indeed , unless we can make a strong legal distinction between a rich man and a poor man , we are at a loss to know with what colour or pretext tbe Whigs , in 3843 l can censure Ministerial stringency in the Law Courts , while in 1833 they substituted Courts' Martial in
iheir stead . "We did not reserve onr strictures for the purpose of trampling upon the conquered . We used them in their palmy days as warnings of what would come . We had reminded them , time after time , that their acts -while in office -would Tender their opposition to Tory domination valueless , unavailing , factions , and pointless . It is even so . Not an act , however cruel or anti-democratic that may be proposed by the Tory Government , to which Whig . opposition may not be thus met and silenced : " the measure is a
modification of your oun . " We now leave the field of faction , and turn to a consideration of those means by wiieb , even after a Repeal of the Union , tne condition of the IriBh people can be alone im- proved . Ireland has cot more reason to complain of the ami-national than she has of the anti-social evils consequent upon the Legislative Union . The great and crying evil arifiag ont of the act of Union is , that the weak nation was neglected , and kept weak ; while the strong nation was strengthened and made stronger at its expence . Being bound by a 1 legislative bond , the representative body , —consist- ing for the most part of Englishmen wholly ;
ignorant of the history of Ireland , t ! ie charaoter of her people , her resources , and the means of developing them ; and taking their notions of the country from the privileged Irish members of the Protestant party , who were alone eligible to sit in Parliament , and who were interested in ma gnifying the viceB of the Irish character as a justification for their own tyranny ; the legislature bo constituted , and without reference to a difference of position , has legislated for Ireland as if that conntry was part and parce ] of England . Thus they have committed the error , of governing two people , —diametrically opposite in their pursuits , their characters , lheir manners and their customs—by the same laws , England being for
the most part a manufacturing country , and a large portion of her people having been hastily transformed from an agricultural to a manufacturing life , is now demanding a great organic change in consequence of the inapplicability of ancient statutes and easterns to Us preBent posititn . Ireland is doin « nothing more . Ireland has been legis ' ated for , precisely as though she had gone on " pan passu" in the march of improvement with England j -fthereas the laws by which manufacturing England should be governed have been enacted wholesale for the government of the two countries . Bnt we turn from byegoaes : and now seeing the Repeal of the t
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Union to be inevitable , we come to a consideration of those means , apart from any accompanying political measure , by which alone the change can be made beneficial to the people . We pasB OTer the most irritating questions , be " Having that they are but emanatious from the great Bouroe of political inequality ; and we come at onoe to the question of questions , the means by which alone tbe foundation ot future happiness can be laid . We shall not here deal with the question of the Protestant Church or of the inequality of the law . Those we leave as questions to be hereafter
disposed of by a people rendered politically Btrong by social improvement . Lord Dunferhline , late Speakor of the House of Commons , when auditor to the Irish Estates of ihe Duke of Devonshire , asked a Mr . Swanton , one of the Duke ' s under agents , if he could devise any meaus for the Iranquilization of Ireland , and as a mode of suppressing the frequent outbreaks in that country . " Yes , " replied Mr . Swanton , " a very easy one . Whenever an outbreak takes place , hang the nearest landlord .
ihe nearest parson , the nearest magistrate the nearest solicitor , and the nearest police serjeant vpon the nearest tree ; and I pledge myself that you will not hear of another outbreak in that district . " This opinion was , no doubt , founded upon the belief tbat those five parties were the instigators to outbreak : and therefore it shall be our present business to deal with the mode of destroying , firstly , their interest in creating , and , secondly , their capability to create , those periodical disturbances .
Ireland being a wholly agricultural country , and no laws being in existence for the developemont of her agricultural resources , we shall firstly , grapple with the Landlord and Tenant question . The poverty , the rebellions , the heart-breakings , the murders , the dissensions , and the expenses arising oat o / the present system of managing l&nd in Ireland , must be dealt with by the Government with a firm and resolute hand . It is folly to talk of the inability of a Government to interfere with the Landlord ' s title to the raw material , while year after year it deals so capriciously and injuriously
with the title of him whose capital is expended upon the land , and the labour of him by whom it is made valuable . Government must interfere ; and that right speedily ; whether under a Legislative Union or a domestic Legislature . The interest of the tenant , and the interest of the labonrer cannot be served wi £ hout equally serving the interest of the l andlord , and therefore it becomes the duty of the Government and Legislature to look into the causes which tend to create dissatisfaction in the miuda of those two partieB . The uncertainty of tenure , and the legal expence of establishing title , even
under lease , or accepted proposal , as well as want of capital , are the three great evils tbat mmst be boldly met , and instantly destroyed , as regards the tenant . To effect the first object—namely , certainty of tenure , the Government have a power to give immunities to tenants-at-will , or with short leases , which would render the practice disadvantageous to the landlord . and thereby compel him to grant such lease as wonld ensure the full expenditure of the tenant ' s labour and capital . With regard to the second evil
that of establishing title , even under a lease , against a landlord who ha ? all the law upon his side , and all the means of harrassing at his disposal , there Is but one remedy ; that of giving an equitable jurisdiction , is all such cases , to the Assistant Barrister at Quarter Sessions ; and who shall be bound to decide upon the equity , and not upon the law , of the case ; the evidence for his governance to bo furnished by the clerk of a County Court , where all leases should be registered at the landlord ' s expense , and who should be bound to attend , with notice of
the cases to come on at every Quarter Sessions : the Barrister ' s judgment , if in favour of the title , to be conclusive ; and if against the title , tbe tenant shall havs ft right to appeal to a Jury , to be then summoned , for the purpose of adjudicating upon an issue submitted by tbe Barrister . In cases of portions of rent being paid upon account , a mere acknowledgment upon unstamped paper should be admitted as proof ; and in all cases , the right of distress should be taken away , and tbe landlord , like all other creditors , should be thrown upon his action for the recovery of his rent ; and , fair dealing being the object , he should have as prompt and inexpensive a mode of redress as is accorded to the tenant .
The practice of distraining »» uln t of impounding , selling them by auction , and buying them in , by tbe middleman , for very frequently not a twentieth ot their value , while no account of the sale is over rendered , leads to more extensive disturbance , and subsequent evil results , than almost any other grievance . It is not at all unusual for a'middleman , accompanied by a host of under-tenants , to drive off the whole stock of some unfortunate tenant to a distant pound in the dead hour of night ; while the tenant , to protect himself against the aggression of the middleman , has paid his rent to , and holds the
receipt of the head landlord . Thus situated , the poor tenant has no alternative but to replevy the stock at a great expense ; while he is compelled to give security for double the value , until the case shall be disposed of in the Sheriff ' s Court . If , upon the other hand , he cannot procure the required security , his cattle are allowed to stand in a cold pound until the day of auction , when the poundkeeper presents him with an enormous bill for fodder never used . Will any man say that a tenant so treated , and thrown for protection upon expensive and dilatory law , which he ' eaunot procure , is
not justified in taking the Bummary law into his own hands ! In many cases , he does do I so : and many is the man who has been hung [ in olden times , and many is the honest man now working 5 n chains , for having STOLEN his own property from the thief who stole it from him in the i dead hour of night . Is this , we would ask , a prao-| tical grievance" ! & » d are tne family of the expa-! triated victim likely to be admirers or voluntary j obeyers of those laws by which ruin and djesolation
j , j j I j i ! ' has been brought upon them s i As it would be impossible to discuss these alli important subjects in one or two articles , we shall j continue to animadvert upon those great social i changes which are indispensable to the very Balvation ! of the Irish people . Meantime we would direct the > attention of Mr . O'Conneli . to that course which iB j now being pursued by the English Chartists ; namely j the familiarizing the publio mind with those salutary f changes to be produced by the achievement of their i political principles . The Chartists dealt in declamai lion until they had created a public opinion against
! \ j j j those wrongs endured by the working people . That opinion bting created , they are now engaged in I directing attention to the advantages calculated to S flow from a change to their projected system . Mr . I O'CoNJiELL has the advantage of more enthusiastic and confiding disciples ; he has a whole nation at his back ; and in order to strengthen him in his demand for political equality , as the sonrce of justice , we would counsel him also to turn from declamation to practice , and to develope to the Irish people , not I so much the iujustice they have suffered as the prosperity , the comfort , and the abundance they are
capable of achieving . To this end let him call to his couHcils men sot learned in the law ; but informed of the capabilities of the country and the people ; and let feimdraw up such a digest ( which he can do ) as will convince not only Irishmen but Englishmen , that there is yet the imeans of enriching the poor without trenching on a single privilege of the rich . We will be bound to Bay that with one fortnight ' s labour , and assisted by such men , Mr . O'Connbli would exhibit a balance sheet in favour of the new against tbe old system , which wonld turn Irish agnation into a universal demand , before which the strongest government should quail and bend .
The political question is sufficient to " exoite the democratic mind of England ; bat the Snancial features must be developed , in order to ensure the co-operation of the middle and monied classes . Let Mr , O'CojfNKU , then try his hand for one short month in the Cabinet ; and without requiring any
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declamation for that period , the weekly reports of his social compilation , delivered in tbe Conciliation Hall , will , without committing himself , or even mentioning Repeal , feed the flame , and nurture the desire for Buch a rule as will produce such abeon ; while ihe Tory publication of a compendium of his labours would bring him in more money than the national tribute . Seeing his power to effeoi good , it shall be our study to streagthen rather than to weaken him ; while , by way of caution , we would now remind him , that O'Connell ' b self can only destroy O'Connell . We shall continue the subject until all shall learn who do not wish to remain ignorant .
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out of his wages . Mr . Richard t » tterBbaU wished Mr . Baron to be examined ; but the Magistrates replied , that he being one of tLe party , although not connected with tne shop , he could not be admitted as a witness . Mr . Whitehead called a number of the workpeople who are now engaged jat the defendant ' s mil ] , and they all declared that their wages were paid in money . Some of them had seen complainant draw money ; but none of them would speak at to the 4 th of Augusb Mr . Boyds said it was a gross case of the Truck System , and the Bench had decided on convicting Defendants in the penalty of ^ 1 # and costs . Mr . Hunt said his clients ] would not press the other charges
on condition tbat the expences were paid and the shop given up , Mr . R ' chard Tattersall replied , that his father formerly kept the shop , and bad been in the habit of turning over ; £ 5 , 000 per annum , by wholesale and retail . His father was new dead , and they could not draw the concern to a close in a hurry , but they were intending to do so . Mr . Whitehead consulted with the defendants a few minutes , and then agreed to the conditions . Mr . Royda said , as the complainants appeared to be sickly , persons , it was ultimately agreed that they should have one-half of tbe penalty ; and the Association established for putting down the Truck S ?« tem the otfees belfr
After giving the case , our correspondents exclaims : " There ! Mr . Editor : what think you of the religion of this Methodistical Sabbatarian Saint Dick ? Tattebsall ! He is a beautiful specimen of the genus of land sharks , who , under the specious mask of cant , and the garb ; of Methodistical sanctity , ( with an appetite ten times more voracious than the Pharisees of the olden times ) , devour the houses of the poor ! a sample of the snivelling crew * who are constantly crying for ' cheap bread , 'while THEY BOB THEIR POOR WHITE SERFS OP 34 PER
CENT . OF THE SCANTY ; WAGES OF THBIB TOIL J SuCfl monsters ought to be branded in the forehead with the words ' Factory Cheap Biead Thief : and had I the office of branding committed to my trust , I would take care the characters should be as deeply seared as hot iron could make them : ' for the land stinks , so numerous is the fry . '" Of all the sickening hypocrisy that can even be conceived , that of an Anti-Monopoly-bawling , "freetrading , " " cheap-bread" demanding Employer pursuing the thieving practise of Truck , is surely
the most hateful ! iIs it possible to imagine , of deeper disimulation , j or more wicked insincerity , than for a man to affect great interest on behalf of tbe working people }; and evince an uncommon anxiety to procure for them " cheap bread , " at the very time that he is forcing them to take his bread some thirty per cent , above the market price ! How sickening to hear a man bawl for " F&EE-Trade , " when he will not leave even his workmen free to trade with the legitimate shopkeepers of his vicinity . ' How sincere must bej the loud professions of Anti-Monopoly from the mouth of such a wretch !
And yet , we grieve to say there are many such . Wo must proclaim it as our firm conviction ; a conviction forced from the actual cases tbat have come under our own observation ; jtbat the majority of Tbucksteks in Yorkshire and Lancashire will be found to be arrant Free-TrarJers ; mouthing advocates of l \ Cheap Bread , High Wages , and plenty-to-do . ?' Take the following as a specimen : — In the parish of Saddieworth the praotice of Truck is in extensive vogue . Many masters pursue it : but by far the greater part of * them are " Free Traders . " One case is deserving of special notice .
There is a " master" in that parish , known as "Lord LoTHERDALB . 'f He iB crammed up to the throat with " sympathy for the poor ; " would " go almost through fire and water" to procure for tbe toiling millions the inestimable blessing of a " cheap loaf : " and yet this contender for ° Free Trade , '' who ties his owe workmen to his own counter ; this denouncer of " monopoly , " has had men in his employ who have not touched a single shilling ( in money ) from him , for wages , during a whole twelve month ! O , the blessings of freedom ! 0 , the sweets of " anti-monopoly" !
Not long ago , a workmen in the employ of this same " Loan Lotherdale" applied to Us landlord and begged of him { to take a piece of cloth in payment for rent ; for he could not procure money to pay with , j He showed the piece that he had been obliged to take from " Lord Lotherdale" ; and stated that it bad been valued to him at 149 . a-yard ; { and he desired the landlord to take it from him jat that price . The landlord
happened to be a maker of cloth , and knew something of its worth . He told the applicant that he would furnish him with a far better piece at 10 s . a-yard ; and the man had to carry the piece into tho neighbourhood of Oldham , and part with it at Us . a-yard , to get money to enable him to live and " pay his way . " There ' s " Free Trade . ' " This workman was " / ree" to sacrifice nearly one half of his earnings before he could command the necessaries of life !
That there many " Lord Lothehdales" in the manufacturing districts , is proved by the following article , which we extract from the Sun ; a " free" trading" journal . We give give it entire ; for | i twill be found deserving of attentive consideration . It is valuable , not only for the facts it contains , but also for the general reasoning on the general question . It is altogether most admirable ; especially when we reflect that it is from a League Organ . Here it is :- '
" Under the heading ( of ' Truck System Extraordinary , ' in a late number of the Halifax Guirdian , we find a most instructive exemplification of tbe evils and oppression connected with a system which we thought bud long since been exploded . The voice of Parliament has been always so strong against it—the appeals of the present tonii Hatherton ( when Mr . Lyttloton ) , and other memtsrs of the House of Commons , elicited so prompt and decided a response from the Legislature , discountenancing and discontinuing the system altogether , thai , notwithstanding rumours which have from time to time reached us of Us still lingering in particular manufacturing localities , where
the wealth of tbe great masters or employers was all powerful , and the remonstrances of tbe operatives futile as to their effect , unless , indeed , in the result of entailing their dismiesal—we could not induce ourselves to give credit to such allegations . Bat at Oldfaam , a summons taken out by one of the coal-miners of Mr , William Whitehead , a large colliery proprietor in that neighbourhood , against this gentleman , has ascertained the fact of the existence of the ' Truck System' beyond ail doubt or question , throughout a large rar / ge of manufacturing district The nine shillings claimed by the miner bad been deducted by the employer from the wages ot the complaiuabt , on account of rent for ' a house which complainant had never occupied , nor ever seen , nor been offered the bey of . ' It bad been taken
from tills complainant , GBrierley ; at the rate of one sbilling per week , ' although he had to pay rent for another house , under another landlord , at which it was more convenient for him to live . ' Now , the houses which Mr . Whitehead was thus indirectly forcing the complainant and others , bis fellow miners , to occupy , were upwards of a mile and a half from the colliery where they worked . ' The Halifax Guardian assures us that' there are hundreds of cases at Oldnam , Ashtonunder-Lyne , Rochdale , and other vicinities , where the operatives are forced to pay rent for houses , whether they occupy them , or ndp The magistrates severely remonstrated with the colliery-owner , Whitehead , in the case immediately before us , ' on bis unreasonable conduct , and ordered the wages claimed to be paid to Brierley immediately . ' j
" The conduct of master-manufacturers , colliery and mine owners , und other capitalists , who resort to this nefarious system of defrauding their labourers , and enriching themselves by the same operation , is one the social mischief of which is fully commensurate with its moral dishonesty . Surely it ia galling enough for the industrious operative , whose destiny is cast , as it were , intke class of incessant manual labour , te contemplate their happier fate who succeed to , or have acquired , the means of employing it on a great scale . It is galling enough for the weary artisan to contemplate the comparison which each passing hour ' s experience forces upon hinv between the luxury ; of their condition , who have only the task of looking on / in order to watch tbe weU-atrauged processes by which their capital ia made to re-produce and multiply itself , with their own doom .
This ( consequent though , it be on the eternal and inevitable inequalities of the social condition ; is , shortly , to toil from morn till night , [ under' many sordid aggravations of want , distress , and despondency , in the scrap ing together their lesser pittance of the same talismanic commodity , money , which , being necessary for the exigencies of their bare subsistence , disappeara—by a disastrous inversion ef tu « principles that govern the larger masses of capital—with a rapidity that affords no opportunities for increase or expansion . But he feels this disparity with tenfold bitterness and force when he sees that those very exigencies , those very hardships , bis despondency , his distress , bis want , are converted into engines , in the hand of his employer , for decreas ing even that modicum of wages , already bo fractional as to have subjected him . to these painful and humiliating influences . i " Lot U 8 consider what -the operation of the ' Track ' system ia , on the case of &e , mW , colliery , or m&g
Untitled Article
owner , respectively , and on that of the operatives whom the former employs . The former finds , that of the capital invested in bis works , such or such & proportion is devoted entirely to Wages . His first care Jg to reduce tbe rate of these as low as be can , so as to diminish tbe aggregate per centage which they represent , or tbe cost ( to him ) of production . He finds that the difference between this cost , all incidents included ( with interest on the plant , buildings , and machinery of the concern , &c > , and tha returns he realises , exhibits an average profit—being a certain per centage on the capita ] ao invested . It occurs to him , that by paying a given proportion of the wages of his workmen ( which form so large an item is the cost of production )
in stores and supplies , instead of money , he may muko a twofold profit ; that is , tbat he may purchase the stores and supplies wholesale , and at first band , with a considerable profit from the discounts tbe dealers will allow him for his ready money or bis short bills ; and tbat he will sell them to his workmen at some advance even on tbe retail prices which they would hava fa > pay to their tradesmen . Bat by this mode ot proceeding he puts it out of the power of the operative to go to the best market for any commodity be mar want He puts it out of tbe man ' s power to dispense ( as he may desire to do , with the view of hoarding up a little pittance for some contemplated purchase or deposit , say at the year's end ) with any such commodity
altogether . For if he have consumed it one week , as tbe truck book at the store will show in every man ' s case to the manager or overseer , he dares not to diccontinue it ia another . There would be an inference created against him , immediately , tbat be bad supplied himself with it in some otber quarter . And here we may leave what would be the result of such a simple , every day exercise of his own free will in a private matter of this kind , to the labourer or artizin connected with a concern thus managed . ' There is , ' says the writer in tbe Halifax Guardian , ' a coJliei / in the neighbourhood of Hey wood , near Bury , where tbe manager beeps a shop , and a / I the hands who work at tne colliery are farced to purchase provisions at the
shop kept by ihe manager , or they must have no work . Some of tbe operatives reside two miles from the shop , and yet nearly tbe whole of the wages are paid in gotds , at about fifteen or twenty per cent , higher than at any shops in the same neighbourhood . The above , system is carried on to sn alarming extent , both among colliery masters and manufacturers . ' Yet , ia the face of faeH like these , there have been found advocates of thfs atrocious and grinding device even Within the walls of Parliament , who would hav « persuaded the public , if they eoald , that no manufacturers , or mine owners , ever encouraged the truck system , except out of a desire to accommodate their workman with the best supplies at the cheapest prices . Amiable
solicitude of amiable men ! Thus act the despots of the East , from the most enligntended of them , the Pacha of Egypt , who first sets bis own prices on all tbe growing crop * of corn , or millet , or cotton in his dominions—then declares by Jirmaun that be i * ' the only dealer in such commodities , and will pay all men for them , and at Bucb . prices ; and , Uatly , sets an army on foot to ' superintend' the bringing into bis Highness ' s granaries and warehouses of the stores of all reluctant or refractory contributors—down to the petty Sultauns and Kijas of Pidor , or tbe Soloo Archipelago , or Sumatra—who being bent on trading with European captains , issue their mandates , with their own autocratic prices annexed , requiring their people to dispose
to } them , the Sultauns and Rajas in question , without tbe least delay , of their bales of pepper , their betal nut , chank , gold dust , edible birds' nests , or any other commodity , the trade of trafficking in which they are Willing and prepared to take entirely off tbe bands ef tneir independent subjects I Thank God ! the day foe such transparent humbugging ( we know of no other term in all the languages tbat wonld express our idea ) is past in England . Truck-system capitalists may talk of bsing actuated , in this sort of scheme for making the workman disgorge a portion ot bis wretched wages before he has left the pay table , by kindliness and charity on their part and a desire to consult his private
interests , alone—to their steam boilers or their furnaces . Such professions are not more substantial than the vapour of tbe one or the smoke of the Other . Bnt the aame provincial journal from which we have been quoting , supplies us with one other illustration of the results winch the comprehensive truck ' system' inclndcs , that we shall leave to speak for itaeif , - as an instructive suggestion of the moral and domestiu benefits it must infuse into tbe social circles of the most hard-working , and tbe worst paid , classes of our labouring poer : — ' A colliery master , near Rochdale , has note a number of females working at the bottom of the coal-pit . Tbe polios have been made acquainted with it . '
* ' And we , for our parts , shall not lose sight of this remarkable and unqualified statement . It will doubtless call for future comment . " To this it is scarcely necessary to add another word . The " points" respecting Tbtjck . are strongly put by the Sun . We truBt his readers will duly weigh and profit by them ' . If so , some of tbe "humbugging" he so forcibly describes , and so earnestly denounce ? , will be put an end to . Last week we intimated , in a Note to Correspondents , that this thieving practice of Truck had manifested itself in a most unusual and unlooked-for
place ; on the Railway belonging to the North Midland Railway Company . Such is the fact . I t has been introduced there ; though not by the Directors of the Company . Still it is there ; and if tha Directors , after this publio " direction" of their attention to the fact , do not interfere to put it i > own , they will , they must , be regarded as sanctioning , aiding , and abetting it . The facts of the case are these : —Tbe repairing of the North Midland Line , from Leeds to Masbto ' , IS contracted for by one Josepr Pickering , who
resides at Oakenshaw , near Wakefield . His contract is for seven years ; two and a half years of which are now expired . He employs at the present time about 200 men , as plate layers and labourers . As a matter of course , they are on all parts of the line , from Leeds to Masbro ' , the extent of his "take . " These men , wbea in employ , earn 2 s . 6 d . a day . That is the rate at which they are paid ; but as they are not allowed to work in rainy or frosty weather , their earnings will not reach more than 10 s , a week on the average .
Well , this Pickering , not content with the profits accruing from his contract , has determined to procure tbat the wages the mea earn under him shall be spent at his tommy shop , that he may get the profit which of right belongs to the numerous shopkeepers at all the places where the men live . He has accordingly issued a list of articles he deals in , having opened a store at Oakenshaw ; which liat he has bad distributed amongst " his men" on all parts of the line , as far as his " take" extends . One of these lists is in our possession ; and it sets forth the prices per stone , per pound , and per ounce , of teas , of coffees , of sugars , of soap , of tobacco , of fruit , and of spices ; as well as of " sundries ; " the latter comprehensive head including all sorts of things , from flour and bacon down to black lead and epsom Baits .
When the lists had been distributed , the " clerk of the works" went round to the men , to "seek for orders . " Cunning Isaac ! No breach of the law there ! Pickering thinks he is driving a coach * and-aix through it in fine style ; or rather a heavy luggage train . " " Seek for orders" indeed ! The poor ten-shilling-a-week men knew the meaning of that dodge . No M prog , " no work ; no work , no living : so " orders" were given . Now for tha result : —
Sir , —We see by your valuable journal that you have got scent of the truck shop on the North Midland Railway . Knowing tbat you are an enemy to tyranny , we send you the particulars of the barefaced robbery practised on us . On the 9 tb of this month we were requested to order from the clerk of the works what we wanted from the Truck shop . Against our will we ordered a little ; knowing if we did not we should have no more work . The goods were 'ordered' on the 9 th inst . and received < ra the 11 th . When the goodB came , we found to our surprise and dismay a larger quantity than toe had given orders for . As much came as was due for our wages . Sir
, you should have seen us poor men trudging along tbe line tofour homes with bags od our backs , numbered , and with Pickering ' s name in full on them . We have to work hard ; but it is doubly hard to have no choice where we shall spend our money . . We have sampled the goods we received , with what w * have bought at other markets ; and according to t tt opinion o / other dealers , we are paying from twenty five to thirty per cent , above the market price . V / hen we bought our own gooda previous to this Truck shop , it was sn advantage to as from one to two snilUma per week . ^ Please , Sir , give thiB publicity , and you v , ui oblige TH 0 SB WHO AER srJFBEKINO FROM thb HAWD
OF OPr-BESSION . Come that is pretty good ! One v two shillings a-week , ROBBED out of ten , ! and th * , 6 from men employedon the North Midland Rail way . We believa the representation ig be perfectly correct . The "list of prices sets flour forth at 2 s , 5 d . per stone ; & « best is selling iu Leeds at 2 s . 2 . d . Baoon is set forth ftt 7 d . per lb .: in Leeds it c , m be had at 4 ^ d .: good at 5 d . ; and 8 houlder-pie «^ eg' » at 6 d . So that wecan readily believe that the things are from 25 to 30 per cent , above the mirkst price . But how e ^ e the Dibectoes of the-Railway to interfere * What have they to do with this matter ?
Untitled Article
CO-OPERATION—UNION IS STRENGTH . ' TO JOTTRSETXES TA . ILOE 5 AXD 0 THIE 5 . TxuoTf-WoBKME . \_ Having for some time jai& \ r ^ iea aa active part in the Metropolitan Tailors * Protection Society , I vtiitare to offer an opinion as to what I contrive to i » tbe l > est mode ol protecting onrseives from unjust coajpefitioa . large public meetings have i t ^ nlisldfroin time to time , of the bade ; all have , » 3 rt * a in denoutdEg the aggression of tbe money , * 5 ? BtB 5 *»* "we are st Bta as to the means of securing lull pio ^ ciaon for on labour . Many have feten the pjans propose . Some ae for enrolled benefit rodettea ; ^^•^^ Dgalwge fuad to support those who nay become the Tic&as of tfcar employers ; otbers-for *?^ Sl ** ? & **** employers and employedioT
. , ff ^ jf ^ ^ ous ; wbK ^^ T ^ the ^ S ^^^ H ^ *« ** " **> ™ g ^ dcan ever be ! 5 v 2 £ fi ^ V *? " * tteatio 11 to * ¦ ttree following prcpoatwasr-Rm a go ^ ^ f ^ fa * trade , w&MUVezwptton , bott in town ^^™ - femalesss we 21 samales : 1 « ay femjaeSj beau ^ e ttS form a largs ingredient in the fetW nsrieVl ^ lave unfortunately , through the present state of tMW iteome onr greatest competitors ; for , -where is thense of oar attempting to hriM oar wages up to the orkinal standard , while there are thousand * of females who are compelled to make waistcoats from fourpence each and trousers front 6 d . pet p » ir . Indeed , justice d&
xaaso * that they shall be protected as-well &s Ottr . selves . To carry into effect thiB object , & national delegate meeting of the trade should be called , to sit at Birmingham , u tbe centre of England , as early ss possible , to agree upon a plan of onion , such as tie ilicers * Association , for iSSU&ce , WuO tliTB Set a splendid example to ttteir brethren . We also anonld take up oar position in the ranks of labour , in opposition to all tyranny . We , too , should , have our legal adviser ; onr Roberts . "Wean have the northern Star as our national organ j siid , if the Hinera can . do these things , who are ss much oppressed as we are / surely we can do the ike . Therefore , I shaJl take it as a favour if anyindjvidnalB in the kingdom will communicate
The Northern Star. Saturday, November 25, 1843.
THE NORTHERN STAR . SATURDAY , NOVEMBER 25 , 1843 .
Tse Lancaster, Tsiaxts.
TSE LANCASTER , TSIAXtS .
- _ __ ^ ¦ ——^^^^ ^ ~—Ote " Kebecca" Movement
- _ __ ^ ¦ ——^^^^ ^ ~—OTE " KEBECCA" MOVEMENT
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THE ROBBING TRUCK SYSTEM . On many occasions we bavo brought to the notice of the public tbe fact that several statute laws , passed ostensibly and avowedly for the protection of the working population , have been openly set at nought ; their provisions disregarded by the employers of labour , without , as it would appear , either fear or care as to the consequences ; and indeed , judging from the impunity which has been accorded td the tramplers-upon the positive requirements of law , it would seem that there was not much reason why they should either fear or care ; for the " consequences" hitherto hare almost invariably been , not only exemption from punishment , but a pocketting of the " plunder" that could by these means be wrung from the lap of ill-requited industry .
The law against Truck affords a remarkable instance of the disregard to which we have alluded * Tha requirements of that law are positive * plain , palpable ; the pen * Hies many , and easily enforced : and yet it is notorious that this said law is sat at nought , trodden underfoot , everyday we lire . In several extensive districts of the country the practice of' Tkuck is almost universal .. There is no secret , no disguise , about the matter . It is notorious ; known to all ; and the parties practising it not only dare to look their foliow-men in the face , but also regularly appear at church or chapel ; snivelling there as loud and as long as the rest of the canting tribe ; and sit and hear , composedly and undismayed , the denunciations of God himsel f fulminated against the men that " defraud the labourer of his hire . "
In the performance of our duty , as advocates for the toiling and the toil-worn , we have often had to expose and drag to the blaze of day the infamous practices of infamous thieving meu , to the matter of Truck . We have had to give remarkable instances of peculiar oppression and fraud , ; and have more than onoe showed , the means that exist to put the practice down . On the present occasion we have to put the ' reader in possession of a case , where the law has been made to reach the guilty parties . That case is vastly important . It teaches the working people how to go to work , to get "justice . " The law is there : and wherever there is a case of tbuck , the workman who is made to suffer , ought to take advantage of it .
It is also manifestly the interest of the general shopkeepers to unite , as at Rochdale , to aid and protect the working man in his appeal to the Bench . Tne Truck system must be injurious to them . It supersedes their business altogether . If the men were not iied to the master ' s tommy < shop , and forced to take from Aim shop-goods at twentyfive per cent , above tho market value , the men would have their wages , small though they may be , to spend among the legitimate shopkeepers . As it is , they are not able to go near them . Thus deprived ;© f custom , they are cheated out of their profits ; robbed of the legitimate means of living . How slavish then must they be ; how devoid of public spirit ; how cowed ; how broken down to the very earth , are they , when ; they quietly permit
themselves to be thus treated . Why do not they " spirit on" the men to lay informations ! Why do not they look out for cases , and get all the particulars in legal train ? Why do not they unite amongst themselveB , and form a fund to defray expences in caseof defeat ; and to render support in particular instances of master ' s vengeance , evinced in the "turning-6 ff" of the justice-seeking workman ] If the shopkeepers had an atom of publio spirit ; nay did they know and care for their own duty to themselves , they could soon rid us of the Truck system , root and branch . The following oasp , which ehowa both shopkeepers and workmen their duty , was transmitted to us by a correspondent . He accompanied it by a fewiremarks , from which we give the following : —
" Blethering Dickey Coeden , and Bright John ^ with their whole clan of mock-humanity mongers , may shed rivers ef crocodilian tears over the miseries of the ; •* bread tax'd" white slave victims ; they may pluck ; a quill from the sooty winglofthe archfiend himself , and dip it into the bile of his satanio liver to write their abuses , and maledictions of the landlords ; they may denounce them with tbe malignity of fiends , and call to their assistance the whole of the press-gang ; they may expend five times 'a hundred thousand poun » s' in lying corncraik tracts , and travelling pedlars ' expences' to preach up the * virtues' of the cotton-lords , and the excellencies of the iaotory system ; but who can believe them sincere in their wish to ameliorate the
condition of the toiling millions , when such startling facts as the following meet the eye of the British publio 1 And this is , alas ! but one solitary case ; one isolated proof of the hypocrisy , cant . } and blarney , of the grasping , icy-hearted ( avarice ; of the barefaced , wholesale robbery of that horde of thieves —The Lords of the long himneys . " Rochdale . —On Monday tbe Court was crowded to exceea . The Afagistrates upon tbe Bench , were Clement Royds , Wm . Cbadwick , Geo . Ashworth , and James Taylor , E ; quires . Samuel Kersbave and Mark Heywood , poworloom fustian weavers , summoned Messrs . John Baron . Richard Tattereall , and James TatteiBaH ,
fustian manufacturers , of Bjinford , near Heywootl , for having paid tbeir wages in goods of various kinds instead of paying them in money . Mr . Kicbaid Hunt , solicitor , appeared on tbe bebalf of tbe complainants , and Mr . Wbitebend , solicitor , on behalf of tbe defendants . It appeared tbat defendants bave a cotton mill at Bramford , besides which they are partners in an extensive colliery in their immediate neighbourhood . Messrs . Tattfcrsall also keep an extensive aaop neat the works . This case caused considerable excitement ; more so , perhaps on account of an association established at Rochdale for the purpose of putting down the Truck System , which is well known to be curried on to a great
extent amongst some of tbe manufacturers and Coal KingB , in the vicinity . Mr . Hunt read the Act of Parliament againBt tbe Truek System . He stated tbat Kerabaw bad two distinct cases against tbe defendants ; one for tbe 4 th , and the other for the 13 th of Angus * . On tho former date he had been paid a fortnight's wages in goods instead of m > y , and bad been charged thirty-five per cent , b ^ ner than any other shops in the Bauie neighbourhood . Kerahaw h . ' . ving been sworn , stated that he commenced working in the cotton mill , belonging to the defendants about Christmas lost . He wove fustian on the power looms , and was paid at tbe late of 2 s . lid . par tin . His Wagea
would average about Da . a week . His wife worked in the card room , and she bad very poor bealtb , and could not earn much . Tho names of Richard and James Tattersall were over the door of the shop ; they sold everything tbat was used by a family ; ho seldom got any money for wages ; be bad 'occasionally borrowed a shilling or two from the book-keeper ; they bad a reckoning every otber Friday ; but be always was in debt on a pay day . On tbe 4 th of August , his fortnight ' s wages were sixteen shillings ; the whole of which were stopped for goods . He did not flngtr one single : farthicg . He had a wife and three small children ; be was charged 4 a . for . 201 bs . of flour , while Jack Bell , another shopkeeper in the neighbourhood , sold it for 3 s . 6 d ., tho same quality and quantity . Candles were 6 Ad pel lb . ; soap ibe same ; meal la . 6 d .
for 121 ba ; old butter lid . per lb . ; brown sugar 9 d . Mr . Hunt said he could purchase the same quality for 6 d . Mr . Wbitehead croBs-examined Kershaw at considerable length , bnt elicited nothing favourable to bis clients . The complainant said he waa never present when otber persons were paid , Mid he always took a book witb him to the shop , which was furnished to him by defendants , and Mr . Tattersall or bis daughter always wrote in the book ; he seldom drew or paid money ; however , on the 27 th of July , he : received a fortnight ' s wages , amounting to 17 s 4 d ; and on the 4 th of August , bis wages amounted to 16 s , and it was stopped by Mr . Richard Tattersall for goods . He ( Mr . Richard Tattersail ) always took care to bave Mm by himself when he settled with him . The book-keeper signed for Messrs , Baron and Tattersall , for goods to him , tbe payment for which bad been stopped
Untitled Article
r **~ ^^ THE NORTHERN STAR , j ;
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Nov. 25, 1843, page 4, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct956/page/4/
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