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"CUTZHUGH, WALKER, and Co, 12, Goree -C Viazzaa, Liverpool, dispatch regularly, Fine First Class American Ships, oi' large Tonnage, for the following P<;rtSj viz.— NEW YORK. ' JfcSjD-) BOSTON. PHILADELPHIA. j||I^ and BALTIMORE. i^SiNEW ORLEANS. And which are ijitendad to Sail punctaally or their appointed Days ; they aro fitted up expressly for the comfort and convenience of Cabin. Second Cabin and
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TO THE EDITOE OF THE NOBTHESN STAR.
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IVIARRIA6ES.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Steerage Passeng' rs , who may save themselves tha expence and delay of waiting iu Liverpool , by writing a letter addressed as above , i-vhich will bo immediately answered ; tho lowest price for passa ^ o and provisions told them ; and they will ba enabled to go direct on board the Ship immediately on their arrival ia Liverpool , thus saving the oxppnco of lodgings , and should P . W . and Co . detain tho Ship after the appointed time , passengers will be paid for detention .
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FOR NEW YORK , LINE OF PACKET SHIP , CAMBRIDGE , Captain Bairstow . Register Burthen , 911 tons ; Tonnage Burthen , 1 , 500 Tona . To sail 10 lb October : her regular Day . FOR BOSTON , The remarkably fast-sailing American Ship , SEVERN , Captain Cheever . Register Burthen , 57 " 2 Tons ; Tonnage Burthen , 950 Tons . To Sail 12 th October .
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VOLTAIRE'S PHILOSOPHICAL DICTIONARY . COMPLETE IN ONE VOLUME . THIS CELEBRATED WORK is now publishintr , in Penny Numbers , and Fourpenny Parts , and will comprise the whole of tha Six Volumes , noyv charged £ 2 10 s ., without mutilation or abridgement . It is printed in Crown 8 vo ., double Columns , with new Type , small , but very plain , and will make a handsome Volume , fit ibr any Collectioa of Books . May be had of all Booksellers and Vendors of popular Periodicals . The Philosophical Dictionary will bo completed in about One Hundred and Twenty Numbers , of which Twenty-four are now issued , or in Six Parts , at Fourpence each .
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rr — jhb Portrait oj T . DuKceMBE will be given to all onr Subscribers on November 19 th . They will be in the hands of all the iutents by November 16 th ; and by about September 2 itb , ire shall hare sufficient of Buncombe ' s printed to supply those Agents '« bo desire to hare both Plates in one parcel . The charge for the Star on the day the Portrait of Duncombe is distributed will be the same as the charge for it en the day the Petition Plate i * delivered .
jhs Petition Plates are not yet ready for onr lAaeashire Subscribers ; but as soon as received they will be forwarded . fhos 9 for all the other Agents hava been forwarded . The price ef the Star when each Subscriber receives hia Plate ia Is ., and no more . The Agents are allowed a per centage upon b&th the Paper and the Piate , to cover carriage expzncea : they can , therefore , n * t have any excuse for charging more . j ^ ji- - " --Aj . l Agents who have received their account * are requested to send the amount due by return of
Pate , Padihasl— Five Shilling * . Chalmers , Leith . —Call at Drnmmond ' s for Plites . Johx Philp . —Call &t same place . Bailey am > Sox , CocKEHUOUTH . —Enclosed to Arthur , Carlisle , T . holbrook ., Abergayenny . — "We cannot take post stamps for such grrmm ; if he wishes to do without post-tJS . ce order , send half a sovereign . - The plates are forwarded to Monmouth . ^ y . TniKissos . Sonn Shields . —Send them by post to this < ffloe . FOE THE h' ATIOSAX DEFENCE Ft > 'I > . £ s . d . From a few Mends at Wellington Foundry ... 0 15 _ 3 Radical , Leeds ... 0 0 6 Z the Chartists of Leeds 1 10 0 ** the Chartista of Birstal ( light
halfsovereign ) 0 9 6 . H-, Leeds 0 0 6 D . Fryer , Haltcn 0 10 "" the Chartists of Holme Lace , Tong ... 0 4 0 " a few friends at s mill in Eeckmondirike 0 19 littletown 0 5 0 ~ the Chartists of Hunslet ... ' ... 0 10 0 ~ the men of Eiland , per E . Clayton ... 0 3 0 ~ the Chartists cf Tew Green ... ... 050 Collected si Lockwood , by D . Gledhill ... 0 6 0
From three frierca , Hnddersfleld 0 0 10 „ the Bristol Youths 0 5 0 ~ F . Gitson , Bristol - ... 0 10 ~ Stockton , collected by J . Fmpleby ... 115 3 Z . a few working men at Barton Mills ... 0 2 0 ~ Kettering 0 9 0 ~ & few friends , Dunfermline ... " ... 0 1 0 Z a few friends of democracy , Torquay ... , 0 6 6 Z the Chartists of Baton .. 0 10 9 „ Chepstow friends .. 040 a few Chartists , Tonbridge Wells ... 0 10 0
FOE THE EXECUTIVE . From Mr . Colinson , Castle-rtreet , Hull ... 010 „ Chtpstow friends . 040 FOB COOPEB ' S DEFENCE . From John il&rslsnd ... ... ... ... 0 0 6 TOB . THE DEFENCE OF GEOB . GE 'WHITE . Fresa Kobert Newhall , Jan ., Hawick , a deaf and dumb boy , educated at Edinburgh , —a regular subscriber to the Northern Star , and a great admirer of its Proprietor and Editor . ... 0 I 6
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lscous Tax . —In Kendal the number of blank forms i 3 so limited that the commissioners cannot supply the town . One part of the population have had their billet doux for three weeks , while another part have not yet received these soft expressions of the Premier ' s regard ; and what is more amusing , the number of applications for forms , declaring that their income is below £ 150 per annum , is so great that any supply of papers hitherto received is wholly inadequate to the demand . We have heard several parties state , that with their best desires to £ 11 up the returns consistently , they really cannot understand them . Both Whigs and Tories are altogether out of humour with this dose of the state physician . —Kendal Mercury .
A Letter from Cologne , 21 st inst ., says : — " The town of Rhembacb , which forms part of eur district , was , two days ago , the theatre of a great calamity . Afire broke out in the morning , and , owing lo a deficiency of water , it soon raged with such fury , that before the evening half the town was in ashe 3 . Fortunately a heavy shower of rain fell at about four o ' clock in the afternoon , and arrested the progress of the flames . More than one hundred families are without an asylum . "
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THE CUSTOMS DEPARTMENT . —ENORMOUS FRAUDS UPON THE BEYENLtE . When ii is remembered how well the country remunerates the chief officers of those departments of the state to whom is delegated the collection of duties , and more esperiaUy those appertaining to the receipts ol imposts upon foreign and colonial produce and manu-£ ac tares , the public are entitled to have as their servants the most intelligent and most attentive , and , without prejudice to any one , the most honest individuals . It will be for the public to express an opinion if , when we shall have brought before its notice ti . 9 many ^ tjHpr , the frauds , the instances of favouritism , the attempt to screen really guilty parties , and the immolation of their dopes , the functions of the Commisineners of her Majesty ' s Customs at the head
department have or have not been fully and satisfactorily administered . The enormous frauds now in daily progress of investigation are cot , in the aggregate , confined to tens of thousands , but hundreds of thousands of pounds . Indeed , it is said in some quarters that the revenue has suffered to the enormous extent of nearly a million sterling . From the " series of notices it may be necessary to devote to this important subject , names of parties high in commercial circles must be deemed requisite to be given . The names of firms which are known to have connived at these frauds vrith the landing waitera are in our possession , with all the leading facts and line of examination in support cf participation ; as given in evidence before the Court cf Inquiry , now sitting upon this subject But , independently of the Don-performance cf their dudes by the officials at the Custom House , in protecting , by dee diligence and ample
control the revenues of the kingdom , there i 3 another consideration , arising out of the long-continued practice of fraud , which involves the interest and prosperity of the really honest merchant and trader . It must be clearly apparent that if four traders are carrying on business in the same line , three of them paying their duties honestly and openly on foreign goods imported , while the fourth , by a connivance with any officer of Customs , gets his plsced in warehouse without the outlay of the duty , or by paying i-finite ' : y less through the medium cf false entries ( hereafter to be fully illustrated ) , it Ernst be apparent that the toimex cannot compete -with the latter , and though they strngcle ever so hard to maintain their position , though they make sacrifices to effect sales , in order to Seep their customers together for a time , still , in the long run , wholesale losses must be entailed upon them by the ruinous sxd fruitless comnetition induced .
It iB pretty v-ell known , that as respects the frauds now the subject of investigation , many of the landirg waiters have been implicated in them . The duties of the lancing -R-aiteis are bat little known to parties unconnected -with trade , commerce , and vrater-side business . It is , tfceisfore , proposed to illustrate the facts acd circuiastELUi hertsfrcr to be laid before the pubiic , by givirg a deaeriptk-n of their duties , their emoluments , tc . The principal business of this functionary is personally to attend the landiDg of goods at the docks and kgai qujyg . For this purpose he is furnished with a " landing-bock , " denominated under its respective cIses , " rea or blue , " the issues cf which take place from the regiitrar ' s office , and contains certain copies of entries previously passed of imports for merchandise about to ba K&n-feoused cr at once delivered . These entries are of three classes , 1 st , the " warehousicg eatry , '" for goods intended to remain in bend : 2 d , ' the
prime erur } , " which stipulates for the immediate delivery of goods , tha duty having been paid ; and , 3 d , the ' sight entry , " the otject of which is to assist the merchant in cases where goods arrive consigned . tc him without previocs advice , -wken he is permitted to have ttuj packages upon the declaration that their contests are " usknotni . " It may be here cecfssary , * with the view to carry the case out in all its bearingB , to observe the opportunity thtse two descriptions of entry aSbrd to these- ( . ffictxa , if they are ecs persons of , strict tnd unimpeachable integrity , to deceive and falsify the returts which , as employes of the customs , i they are appoiutci to make of the weight of and duty j on raathandise Jacded at their respective stations ; the j interference of the landing surveyor , their superior , feeing required cnly ia the settlement of taxes , or in j the approval cr otherwise of the value put upon goods j paying at the ad valorem rate .
Having cow mainly stated tfce duty of a landing i * siter , it is necessary to add that the body is divided j into six classes , with proportionate salaries . Tbe i first class numbers 20 persons , with £ loo per annnm J etch ; the 2 d class 20 persons , with £ 350 per OTTmm ' e « h ; the 3 d « lcss 20 persons , with £ 300 per annum e « h ; the 4 th class SO persons , with £ 250 per annum » ch ; the 5 th class SO persona , with £ 208 per ' ainmm « ch ; and the 6 th data SO persons , with £ 160 per uma each . As in the ceuree of the investigation into these frauds U has appeared that more than one of the landing
waiters implicated have also filled the office of " searcher , " the duty appertaining to that department must also be illustrated . The " searcher , " to use the technicality of the department , " makes shipped , the P « k * ges destined for shipment at bis station ; it is a part of his duty personally to examine the packages , noting tceir correspondence with the original description in tfce cffidal papers , and ihould fospicions arise of acy fcxchinse cr fiaud connected with the shipment , they have the potrtr cf seizure and of bringing the natter before the beard for irqniry and investigation . The sepsrata flu'ic 3 cf these enters being , as is footed ; cle- _ i ] v dr £ red , the mode in which the irre-
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— — - - — gulsr and falsified entries kave been concocted , involving such loss to the revenue , will no doubt be understood in the cases of fraud hereafter to be brought to the notice of the public . The first illustration we offer to the notice of the public is in respect to the importation of silk already under the notice of the Board of Inquiry , but the charges of participation in fraud alleged against the several parties are so numerous , that it would be difficult to define them ia distinct order in the present notice . It is , however , sufficient to say that that the one above alluded to will clearly prove to the public how easily and successfully they have been carried on for a period said to extend over a series of eight or nine years .
The mode which is alleged to have been adopted in the wholesale smuggling of silks , was for the parties connected to send to the legal quays s case of toys , books , or any other French import of low value marked and numbered , say [ A ] No . 1 , f » r shipment coastwise , which , however , instead of forthwith being put on board , it was understood should be allowed to remain on the quay . When the French packets arrived , a " sight entry" was taken out for cases , marked and numbered precisely the ssme as those prepared as befere stated , the contents being declared to be " unknown . " The packages were then landed at the same quay , for examination by the landing officer . Immediately this was the cats the former package was recalled , by an order to re-d 6 liver , when the cases by the French packets , which really contained silk were substituted to the parties applying , and the packages of books , &c , examined and returned for , duty in lieu of the cases of silk , the ship ' s manifest merely describing the case bronght over as merchandize , and thereby being ne check upon the fraud .
The investigation into these irregularities ia the Customs Departments have already occupied many weeks . The results , we believe , will fully bear ont the correctness of our introductory remarks , and In our next report facts and names will be stated in corroboration . —Evening Star .
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KOCHDAXiE . POLICE OFFICE , FLYING HOBSE . ( Before William Chadtcick and Henry Kelsall , Esquires . J ] James Ashley , a Chartist speaker , wa 3 charged with using seditious language at the meetirjgs during ths turn out in this town , and exciting the people to riot Ashley said , your worships , I should request before the proceedings of the Court commence , that the witnesses retire , and come in one % t a time when called upon ; second , that I should be supplied with pens and paper , to take notes of this case . They were granted , and a seat at the table .
HowarSh Raby deposed—I live at Facit , by trade a mechanic . I remember the 12 th of August ; it was on Friday ; I work for George Hardman , cotton-spinner , at Facit ; the mill is within a hnndred yards of the turnpike road . A Mr . Whitworth ' s cotton-mill is on the right side of the road , near to Bacup ; it is within sixty yards of our mill . I stood at the road leading to our mill . Betwixt seven and eight o'clock that morning I saw a body of people come from Rochdale ; there were about 6 , 000 as near as I can tell . [ The witness was asked to point out the prisoner . I think it is this man that sits here . ] A part of the main body turned into our road . Ashley was not there . He was in the turnpike-road , betwixt the mills . I said they did not need to go ; there was no one working . They turned back to Wnitworth , a small village . I stood at the top of the lane ; a second body came from the body of the people ; they were about five minutes betwixt They went dswn to our mills , and drew the
pings , I did not go down , nor did I see them draw them . The crowd was standing still in the turnpikeroad . I saw the people come back from out mill , and join the crowd ; the main body had started . I saw a number of the people go into Mr . Whitworth's mill ; my master told me to go and see if I could tell any of them again , and I followed them to Bacup . [ Here one of the -witnesses came into court , and was quickly found out ; the Bench ordered him to be taken out of the room . ] I did not see any that was at oar place When I got to Bacnp , the people were assembling together at a meeting at the bottom of Union Square . I saw Ashley there , in the cart where they spoke from . I did not get near to hear all . Ha said he wanted nothing bnt a fair day ' s wage for a fair day ' s labour . I heard it said from the cart that they were to go to Newchnrch and to Todmorden ; it was not Ashley that said so . 1 did not see Ashley when the people went away . The people had sticks with them .
Ashley cross-examined this witness—He said , I did uot hear you s * j any thing bad ; I thought it was a go&d speech ; I was not alarmed . Ely Greenwood—I am an engineer and steam tenter for George Eardman and Company , at Facit . I remember the 12 th of August I was at the factory that mcrning ; I remember some people coming down betwixt seven and eight o ' clock ; cannot tell how many came , I waj standing at the flre-hole place ; the people came uj to me , they came from the turnpike road ; two or three rushed past me and knocked tha pings eut of tfce boilers ; they went back to the people in the road , and joined them ; there were 6 or 700 ef them ; they wera gohjg quietly away towards Bacup . I did not see Ashley there .
John Stott—I live at 51 ount Pleasant , Proctor-street , by trade a wheelwright ; I rememer Thursday , when the mob came to this town , but not the day of the month . The mills were stopped on that day . I went twice that day to a meetiDg at Cronkey Saaw . At night , between six tnd stvtn o ' clock , ther 9 were upwards of 3 , 060 people present . There was a meeting , and speakers in a cart Tha prisoner , Ashley , was there . I heard him speak that nigbt I do not remember what he said . He said something about his fellow-brethren , that they bad been stopped from work by the people of Asbton and Oldham , and they muBt adopt some plan . I saw him take a show of hands . He talked about the distress of the country ; and he would show them whether the Repeal of the Corn Laws , or the Charter , would , benefit the lower classes the best A motion was put , and
carried unanimously for the Charter . Hespoke of meeting at five o ' clock next morning , on the same place , to adopt some plan . A motion was put and carried to that effect I went to a meeting on Saturday , on the same place . It was held at nine o ' clock in the morning . Ashley was there . He said , if all manufacturers had behaved as well as they had done to them at Bacup , they should have had no occasion to turn out He mentioned a Mr . Munn , who had showed him his books ; and he found they paid the saxie wages they did six years ago . I did not stay till the conclusion of the meeticg , I went up at nigbt to a meeting . I did net stay many minutes ; I cannot say that Ashley was there—( the witness stood thinking ); I think he was there , and spoke and commented on the ¦ wages question ; that night it was mentioned that they should meet next day ( Sunday ) , on the same spot and hold the
same . Ashley—Did yen hear me say anything against the masters ? Stott—No ; you said it was time that something should be done far the people . Ashley—Will you swear that I put a motion from the cart ? S : ott—Yes ; the sense of the meeting was taken by you whether they should stop for the repeal of Com LawB or the Charter . Ashley—Were my speeches exciting and alarming to the m : nds of tie people ? Stott—No ; I did cot hear you say anything to disturb the mieds of tie people ; feut to the contrary , you advised the people not to injure any person , nor do any harm to life or property , and to respect the laws . Committed to Kirkdale , on a charge of misdemeanor ; Bail was allowed him ; himself in £ 100 and two snreties in £ 50 each .
DISCOVERY OF A SPY . Totteb Hamlets . —Ames Treadwell , alias Jones , a member cf the National Charter Association , and a member of the General Council , having been openly denounced by a shopmate as a spy on the movements of the London Chartists , a Special Council meeting was held on Monday evening , the 12 th instant , and continued by adjournment on the Wednesday following , for the purpose of instituting a rigid inquiry as to the truth of tae soul-degrading imputation , and likewise to give the accused a fiir opportunity of exonerating his character from odium if innocent Treadwell was present during the investigation on Monday evening , but failed to make his appearance on Wednesday . When asked why he was absent he replied matters were so black arainst him , that all he could say or do would
not piove bis innocence . These meetings resulted in the unmasking of as vile a wretch as ever figured in the annals of espionage . A starved viper that lurks in the grass awaiting an opportunity to inflict the envenomed wound—a base sordid thing , that for filthy lucre barters tha moral dignity el man for the degradation of the spy ; a perfidious villain who , under the guisa of friendship , wortr . B himself into men ' s favour and confidence , and then attempts to sacrifice them on the sanguinary altars cf Tory fury—a wretch who , in the language of Curran , weuld not hesitate to dip the EvangeliEta in blood in order to secure the reward ef his infamy . Sncb is the light in which the Chartista of the Tower Hamlets now view the heretofore apparently active , persevering , and zealous Amos Treadwell . The following were the charges against Treadwell , which were borne out by evidence so conclusive as not to leave the shadow ef a doubt on the mind of any one
present Firstly , that be Treat to an Inspector of Police , whose name , for prudence , ire must withhold from print , and gave W" » a mass of information ( false no doubt , ) respecting the Chartist movement in London . Secondly—That he bas been conveyed by the aid Inspector to Scotland-yard , where be remained for several hours . Thirdly—In consequence of Treadwell ' s information , warrants have been made out against seven individuals . The Inspector has promised to obtain for Treadwell s large reward , saying at the same time , that if they had half a aczm such men as Treadwell they would soon extirpate Chartism from the metropolis . Another charge made against this miscreant was that be had concocted , acd endeavoured to put icto execution , a plot to GtiiVfcT D .-. il'Dotall into thr bands of Govciament . &cd thereby obtain tie hundred , pcunds , tte
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the priee despotism has set upon bis head . This charge came like a thunder-dap on the degraded tool of tyranny . His embarrassment , prevarication , and insolent replies , dearly showed the workings of a guilty conscience . Tha evidence addnced ia substantiation of this charge was drcomatanttal , but so powerfnl as to furnish the strongest presumptive testimony of the nefarious design of the villain . Treadwell writes a letter to Dr . M'Douall , which he takes to Me . Campbell , requesting that he would forward it Mr . Campbell ' s suspicions being awakened , opened the letter , and finds that Treadwell earnestly requests an interview with the Doctor , Or that he would communicate with him by a letter , as he is the depository of information which would be of the highest importance to the Doctor under present
circumstances . He likewise informs him , that he bas a sum of money to pay over to him , which at the present moment may be very acceptabla Now , on being asked what was the important information he had to communicate ? he said that , returning late one nigbt from a Chartist meeting , he was accosted by a stranger , who told him that he came from Manchester , and that those persons who had Dr . M'Douall ' s entire cenfidencs in Manchester were about to sell him . On being asked how he could promise to pay Dr . M'Douall the 19 s . 6 d . he owed him , being out of employ the last five weeks , and borrowing money from all his acquaintances , he said fce had written to his friends in Bristol for money , which would enable him to pay
the Dector . He underwent a severe examination by the different members of the council , but every answer tended only to make his criminality more glaring The following resolution was then proposed , and unanimously carried : — ' That this meeting having carefully considered the charges alleged against Amos Treadwell , and the evidence bronght forward in support of them , are decidedly of opinion that he is a base and fiigitious spy , and therefore deserves to b 8 8 ceuted with execration from the Bociety of all honest men . The said Ames Treadwell , alias Jenes , is a native of Bristol , a spare thin person , cloefcraaker by trade , stands about five feet four inches ia height , age twenty-two , fair complexion , slightly pockmarked . — Evening Star .
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MID AND EAST LOTHIANS COLLIERS ' STRIKE . a policeman killed . — military called out . Saturday , Sept . 2 lth , 4 pm . The colliers strike begins to assume a serions aspect . I have just been informed by thou on whom I can place the most implicit relianee that a policeman has bean killed by the colliers , and the military Bent for from Jock ' s Lodge . The particulars , as far as I am yet able to ascertain , are as follows : — It appears that a number of colliers was met by a policeman at Edgebe&d , near Dalkeith , the colliers carryirg a sack containing potatoes , they were stopped by the policeman , who insisted to know from whence they obtained the potatoes . They refused to tell him ; from words they cam 9 to blows . A dreadful scuffla ensued , which ended by the policeman being left for dead . The whole of the police in the district were soon on the alert , who succeeded in apprehending one man at his house , whom they placed in irons , and were
about to convey him to prison , when lo ! the news had spread , they were surrounded by colliers , the policemen beaten off , and the man carried off in triumph , chains and alL To those who have watched the progress of late events , this will not be at all surprising ; the men on strike have been taunted and grossly insulted both by the coal-mastsrs and magistrates . The following proclamation will shew thB readers of the Star the way in which the brave but much-injured colliers have been treated , and I ask if a greater insult was aver given to working men ? A few potatoes are stolen , ( which is the case every year , when there are no strikes , ) and the colliers are charged with stealing them ; it u then I repeat no wonder that the exasperated men , and the police should come into deadly conflict
The following is the precious official document above referred to : — Preclamation by the Sheriff of the County of Edinburgh . Whereas , extensive depredations have been recently committed upon potatoe and other crops , now upon the ground , in certain parts of the county of Edinburgh ; and whereas there is every reason to believe that those depradatlons were committed by those misguided persons , who , choosing to abstain from their ordinary calling , illegally endeavour to support themselves without working by plundering the fruits of the akill and Indnstry ol others , who f > o choose to labour for their bread , contrary to law , and to the great injury of individuals and the public . Notice ia hereby given , that arrangements have been made by the Sheriff and by those exposed to such depredations for the detection and punishment of any persons who may be guilty of such offences in future . Geaham Speirs , Sheriff .
There ' s for you 1 what think yon of that ? I make no comment—it will tell its own tale . Add to this : a placard comes ont during the week from the coal masters , in which it is stated that " sober and industrious" men could earn from 3 s . 6 d . to 4 s . per day ! A greater or a more wilful lie was never cold . Yoar correspondent has not the least connexian with colliers ; but I have it front most respectable individuals , who have every means of ascertaiuig the truth , that the average wages of these injured men does not exceed 10 s . per week ! Further down this saine placard , the men are called " idlers" and " unsteady workers" ! This is an old worn-out tale used by tyrannical masters , to prevent their men tzom receiving the sympathy and support of the public . Pharaoh , of old , said the same of the children of Israel !
It would appear , however , that the black-hearted coal tyrants have been but too successful in preventing the men from receiving tbe support of the public A great part of the shopkeepers of Dilkeith depend upon the colliers' wages : a deputation from tbe men went round to collect what they could from those inclined to give , and hew much do the readers of the Star think they collected ? Why , the extraordinary sura of 15 s . from the whole of the shopkeepers of Dalkeith , whose incomes are derived from the hard-earned wages of these celliers , while the poor Chartists of the district collected them apwards of £ 3 at a social meeting r This will teach them who are their friends , and who are their foes ; and , I think , should shew them the necessity of starting Co-operative Stores , wh&a they get again into work .
If any further facts come out on Monday , I will transmit them to you . MONDAY MORNING . The policeman is not dead , but it is said cannot live . Another policeman is badly beat Horse and foot soldiers continue to arrive ; all is confusion—tbe paor colliers who live in the master ' s houses are this day to be turned out by tbe soldiers , their mouth's notice having expired . The horse soldiers galloped at that furious rate from Jock ' s Lodge , that one was thrown frem bis horse , and serieusly hurt ; it is said his Bhoulder is dislocated , and one of his arms broken . —Correspondent .
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TO THE AGRICULTURAL LABOURERS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM . Ia beginning » complete exposition of the present system of legal spoliation and plunder , we address you . as not only the most numerons portion of the working population , but also that portion the most useful to society . The first great necessary of life In food , and without your daily and ever-recurring aid , society , from the want of this important article of existence , wonld soon cease to be . In proportion , therefore , to the value and importance of your calling , as well as from your great numbers , are you entitled to the first consideration in this attempt to analiaa the wrongs ol society , towards the application of an efficient remedy for its evils .
Agricultural labourers , you have suffered much from the present system of class-interest and class-legislation ; none more so . Step by step have your comforts been abridged—yonr privileges abrogated—your old constitutional landmarks removed ; and yet you have hitherto paid but little attention to the causes whence these growing evils have arisen . You have not been politicians , but the too-willing tools of rapacious landlords , in their omsades against your more active and thinking fellow-countrymen , until , not only their liberties have been sacrificed , but your own ancient and constitutional tights have been swept away , and you now begin , to see as through a glass darkly , the origin or your downfall , with that of your suffering fellowcountrjmen . You are awakening to a true perception of the Condition of England question , " especially the political bearing of this great subject So , to assist you in your deliberations , to fortify your judgments , strengthen your resolution , and encourage you onward in the path of political inquiry , do we address you at the present time . *
It is said that men pay most attention to those questions that are connected with their social interests ar . d weekly subsistence . Aa all cannot comprehend the true value of abstraot principle , the tangible and matter of fact must be therefore connected and conjained , that the latter may bo shewn to depend intimately on the former—ia which case conviction respecting tbe real value of that wliick otherwise might be looked upon as a mere baseless speculation is sure to follow . Upon this plan do we intend to proceed . Our motto is—Universal sdffbage , and No Surrender—the entire Peoples Charter . And , as at present , misery and privation are the lot of toiling industry , and wealth and luxury the reward ef idleness , while under upright institutions industry and comfort would be synonymous , and privation only wait upon the profligate and idle , we intend to shew tha intimate connection of these two Btates of social being with the present system of class legielation on the one band , and the adoption of the People's Charter on the other .
Agricultural labourers , your own history furnishes an admirable commentary on our text . You have been the victims of this remorseless spirit of class-interests and patty . And to show how this proctBs has been goiDR forward , how the small comfortable farms of your forefathers have been heaped together for the modern bull-frog farmer , the " manufacturer of corn , " your cottage pulled down , your commons and wastes enclosed and rendered tbe private property of aristocratic burglare , your right to subsistence on the soil denied , with the other manifold evils under which you groan at present—to show tkeae in as clear and concise a manner aa possible , and their intimate connection with the great question of Universal Suffrage , is the task we have undertaken in the present address .
Ycur true condition has been well indicated in the following extract from a speech of an old and departed friend ; one , who though attached to a somewhat obsolete and bigoted political creed , had yet a heart to feel for your wrongs , and au eloquent and willing tongue to plead your cause . Michael Thomas Sadler , in a speech on agricultural distress , delivered in the House of Commons , October 11 , 1831 , says , ' " The system of demolition and monopoly , which has , in the emphatic language of the inspired volume , laid house to house , and field to field , that they may stand alone in the earth , ' has left no place for the poor ; none for the little cultivator ; none for tbe peasant ' s cow ; no not enough in one case in ten for a garden The best of the cottages have been
demolished' spurned indignant from the green , ' aa the loveliest of the poets of poverty , Goldsmith , sings . The lonely and naked but into which they are now thrust , for which is exacted an exorbitant rent , is destitute , both without and within , of all that formerly distinguished their humble abodeB , is often unfit to stable even quadrupeds , and frequently so crowded by different families , as to set not comfort merely b > it decency at defiance , and render morality itself an impossible virtue . Thither , then , the unhappy father , when employed , carries his wages , which , with the exception of a few short weeks in the year , are utterly inadequate to supply tbe necessities of a craving family . Wages did I say 1 Parish pay ! He is , perhaps , sold by aution , as is the case in certain parishes , and therefore reduced to the condition of a slave , or driven to the workhouse , where he is
often treated woisa than , a felon . Labour , meant to degrade and ioBult him , is often prescribed to him ; or , wholly unemployed , be sits brooding over his miserable fate ; winter labour , whether foi himself or his wife and children , having been long since taken away . Perpetually insulted by false and heartless accusations , for being a pauper , when his accusers have compelled him to become such ; for being idle , when his work has been taken from him ; for improvidence , when he can hardly exist , he feels these insults barbed by past recollection . " The very sympathies of his nature become reversed : those who wonld once have constituted bis comforts and pleasures , his ragged and half-3 tarved offspring , ( who cannot stray a pace from hia hovel without becoming trespassers and being severely treated as such , ) and their wretched mother , increase his misery .
He escapes , perhaps , from the scene of his distress , and attempts to lose the recollection of it and of himself , in dissolute and dangerous courses . Meantime , bad some peculiar calamity , some inscrutable visitation of Providence reduced him to this condition , perhaps be might have sustained it with composure of spirit But he knows otherwise . He can trace his sufferings and degradation to their true source . He knows by whom they have been inflicted upon him , and he feels what would be their cure , and can calculate how little it would- cost others , to make him and his supremely happy . Meantime , the authors of his ssffcriDga are those that insult him with demanding that heshonld be quiet and grateful , that he should be '
contented and cheerful under them ! They that have wasted him , require mirth / ' Not only are the falsest accusations levelled at him , but even the feelings common to nature are imputed to him as an offeucs ; his marriage was a crime ; his children are so many living nuisances ; himself ia pronounced redundant ; and after having been despoiled of every advantage he once Dossessed , &e is feinsily recommended as his best , and indeed only course , to transport himself for life , —for the good of his oppressors , and to die unpitied and unknown in some distant wilderness . And this , sir , is the condition , at the present moment , of thousands—of tens of thousands—of the labouring poor . "
This is no overcharged picture , but much under the mark , and adapted to the tastes of the assembly he was addressing—parties always exceedingly fastidious , and unprone to overcolour anything connected with industrial distress . As the resnlts of the " enclosure" and large farming systems , and of the downward progress of your condition , we need only refer to the state of a few of the agricultural counties , which may be taken as a sample of the whole . The report of a committee on inclosures , in 1808 , stated , that the results which were the subject of examination in a tonr of sixteen hundred miles , made for that purpose , proved that they had been clearly injurious to the poor . An intelligent witness informed another committee , namely , thaS an the high price ot
provisions , that ae had himself been a Commisioner under twenty iDclosure acts , and stated his opinion aa to their general effect on the poor , lamenting tbat he bad been thereby , accessary to injuring two thousand people , at the rate of twenty families per parish . The reply of a poor fellow to Aithur Young , the great advocate of inclosures , ( though under regulations which would indeed have rendered them a benefit to all parties , ) recorded in one of iiia agticultual surveys , is true , to a more or le * s degree , of e ? ery industrious labourer in England , wherever these improvements have taken place . To his query es to whether the inclosure had injured him , he replied , " Sir , before the inclosure I had a good garden , kept two cows , and was getting on ; now I cannot keep so much as a goose , and am poor and wretched , and cannot help myself ; and
still y $ u ask me if the inclosure bas hurt tr . rf !" Another , and a still deeper injury which it has also ptrpetrated , still remains to be noticed . Not only has the little farm been monopolised , the common right destroyed , the garden in many instances seized , but tbe cottage itself demolished ; and the ploughshare now drives over many a little plot where once stood the bower of contented labour . Suffolk , has , in the course of one hundred and twenty years , increased in population , including the great increase of some of its towus , as much as eighty per cent ., and rather more . What has been the increase in the accommodation for the poorer part of the population ? Why , in . 16 & 0 , there were forty-seven thousand five hundred and
thirtyseven houses in that county ; in 1821 , then , there ought to have been at least ninety thousand booses . But there were in tbe latter year only forty-two thousand seven hundred and seventy-three inhabited houses , the absolute number being eleven per cent , fewer than one hnndred and thirty yean before . The whole of six counties so selected , exhibited a result , in this respect , not quite so appalling , bnt sufficiently distressing , bowever regarded . Their population bad , from 1701 to to 1821 , advanced npwards of seventy-five per cent , but the bouses for its accommodation less than twentyfive . It is unnecessary to remark on what class the misery of such a state of things wonld be made to rest Even in counties supposed by the Committee free from this state of things , " th' infection works . "
In a letter referred to by Air . Sadler , in the speech already quoted , a Vicar in one of these counties gives the following picture of rural felicity in bis parish : — " ' During the last forty years , ' says the reverend gentleman , < four cottages only have been built by * * * * , and 6 ven these in lieu of the same number taken or fallen down . The accommodation for the poor ia far more cocacsd than ft was some veara post
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Tha old parsonage , which I rebuilt when I cam e to the living , I found inhabited by four pauper famfc'ies . There were also , a short tima nreviously , five panvpsr families in two farm-houses , now occupied again b 7 farmer * The want of room , therefore , has created ii . \ e greatest difficulties to the overseers , and haO rendered their office peculiarly painful . For several weeks they have been compelled to qnarter a poor family at the public-house , two of the young men being under the necessity of sleeping in a kirn . In some of the cottages the poor are so huddled together tbat the sight is most distressing , and the effect , of course , veiy demoralising . The following is a specimen : —
N » . Families . Persons . Accommodation . 1 2 10 1 ground floor , 2 bedroomi 2 ...... 2 ...... 8 ...... 1 room only , 12 feotsquare 3 2 7 1 room ground floor , 12 ^ feet Eqoare . Two girls obliged to sleep on the ground fl jor . 4 1 9 ...... 1 roo . ii ground floor , 1 bed room 5 1 7 1 room only , 12 feet square 6 I 11 ...... 1 room ground floor , 2 bed rooms 7 ...... 0 11 Different individuals , all females , except a youth of eighteen , and a young boy . 1 room ground floor ; 1 bed room . 8 0 9 Different individuals . '
He goes on to gay , Jtfosfc of these cottages are in a sad state of repair j and all , with the exception of the two last , which , are parish houses , belong to the lord of the monor . ' He says that he made application to the nonresident proprietor ( to whose intentional benevolence , however , he bears testimony ) , and to his agent , but could obtain no redress of this griavous stato of tbinga ; aa the latter had come to the determination ( a very usual one ) that not an additional cottage should be built—ol course giving the orthodox reason for the refusal . " The consequences of this neglect , and the huddling of human beings together , is drawn by Mr . Sadler in the following forcible and eloquent language : —
"Not only early and general depravity , but crimes of the most fearful nature are thus generated . ( Here the Honourable Member related a case of the most appalling kind , which he hoped would not be communicated through the usual channels of information . ) But not is dwell on this horrid subject , what , I ask , must be the usual consequences , when different families arc liius thrust into the . same hole aa a sleeping apartment ; and , immorality ont of the question , how cau decency ba preserved , especially under certain circumstances , in the family , in such cases ? But , Sir , I will pursue these revolting desariptions no further . Hurried a \? iy by my indignation at this cruel and indecent usage of the poor peasantry , I had almost forgot one revoking feature of the system of oppression to which they are now subjected . For these accommodations , wretched aa they are , the most exorbitant rents—exorbitant in
reference to what they are worth ( that is often , 'literally speakkg , r . othicg ) or for the little patch of garden ground , wh&n they have any , are exacted ; a fact which has been fully verified , both by agricultural reports and surveys , and by witnesses before your own Committees , and is fully known and undisputed . Indeed , it has necessarily happened tbat the more tbe cottages have been diminished in number , the more have their rents been increased ( a consequence which the economists themselves will allow to have beeu inevitable ) , till they have at length , compared with every other species of property , become exorbitant , compelling the wretched tenant to resort to the parish for the means of paying them ; leaving him , therefore , the disgrace of being a pauper , but depriving him , at the same time , of tho relief he should receive as such .
"I now come to another principal branch of the subject , namely , that which concerned the wages and employment of the poor . But on this point , important as it plainly is , time will compel me to be sort . When the improvements , as they have been called , ( and might have been rendered ) in the agricultural system , took place , and the labouring classes were deprived of their little holdings , their commonage , and often their good gardens , they were told that the demand fur their labour would be so great y increased , and its wages consequently so much advanced , tbat they weuld bo infinitely better off under the new plan . But it admits no longer of a dispute , that while they have thus been deprived of their independent labour , that which they yield to others is rendered as far as possible leas necessary and worBe ( enumerated . In Bummev or harvest , as I have before shown , their work is indeed demanded ; but it is to the winter , the trying season to the poor , that I am now about to advert : —
" First , the altered practice of hiring servants by the week , instead of , as was formerly the case , by the year , has had a pernicious effect on tbe winter employment of the poor . The report I have so eften alluded to , when referring to the Northern counties , as those in which tbe condition of tbe poor is still comparatively comfortable , should have stated , ( had the committee known it , ) that this pract \ ce z \ i \\ prevails in the border counties of England , to tbe equal comfort and advantage of all parties . Secondly , the thrashing machine bas , as far as possible , dispensed with a great part of the winter employment of tho labourers , acd all the incidental expences duly considered , without , as far as I have been able to calculate , any advantage whatever to the farmer , or to the public . I speak not thus as an apologist for the attacks that have been made upon this description of property , far otherwise ; but with the hope of inducing the asriculturists to ccunt well the costs btfore they sanction , ( where it is unneces ^ sary , ) that which will inevitably distress and pauperise the poor .
" Lastly , and to this particular I wenld draw the attention of the House , as of infinite importance in any view of the causes of the distress of our rural poorthe improvements of the machinery of-this country , and the consequent transference of the simplest procasees of manufacture to the large towns of England , have had the inevitable result of depriving the female part of the cottager ' s family of that profitable employment which presented itself , indeed , at every vacant hour throughout the year , but which secured to them a constant occupation in the winter season . A late Flemish writer exults in the
circumstance of the winter eoltage labour in that country being still preserved in a great measure ; and he attributes to that fact ths comfort of their rural population . That is no longer the case in England , nor perhaps can ever be again . Let us , then , be the more anxious to consider how we may compensate this great anil necessary class of the community , f « r this connected series of deprivations and misfortunes which have occasioned the misery which now overwhelms them . Thus , then , have our rural poor been successively deprived of every advantage which they formerly possessed , and of every chance of improvement which they once were so eager to avail themselves of . "
All acquainted with agricultural pursuits and disposed to afair consideration of tbe subject , will at once agree with Sadler , at least respecting the proximate causes of the distreBs stated—viz . the large farm Bystem , the enclosure of wastes and commons—the introduction of the thrashing machine , and the annihilation of domestic manufactories by the " cheap" system of large factories and steam . Respecting the wages paid for agricultural labour , Mr . Porter , in his " Prograsa of the Nation , " p . 122 , states the following interesting particulars : — " Among the questions seut to the varions parishes in England , during the inquiry into tho administration and practical operation of tho Poor Laws , it was csked ' What on tbe whole might an average labourer ,
obtaining an average amount of employment , both in daywork and piece-work , expect to earn in tho year , including harvest work nad the value of all his other advantages and means of living , except parish relief ? And what on the whole might a labourers wife and four children , aged fourteen , eleven , eight , and five , respectively , ( the eldest a boy , } expect to earn in the year , obtaining as in the former case , an average amount of employment V £ . b . d . j " The answer to thesa queries from 856 , give , for tho annual earning of the man , I an average of ... 27 17 10 j And the answers from 6 C 8 parishes , give as the annual earnings of the wife and
children an average of ... ... ... 13 19 10 Annual income of the family £ 4117 8 " To the further question , Could « m ? h a family subsist on the aggregate earnings of the father , mother , and children ; and , if ao , on what food ? ' Answers were returned from 899 to tbe ' followisg effect : —71 said simply 'No ; ' 212 , ' Yes ; ' 12 , 'Barely , and with out meat ; ' 491 , ' Without meat . '" Thia account of the rate of wages paid for yonr labour maybe considered a very favourable one ; for it is to be observed , that it is not what you really do earn , but what you might earn with an average amount
of employment , supposing ycu all employed . Other accounts state the iscome of agricultural labourers , particularizing Gloucestershire , Samersetsbire , Worcestershire , and Wilts , at an average of £ 23 7 a ., or 8 s . 6 d . per week . A correspondent of the Morning Chronicle says , that few earn more than 8 s . per week , and tbat this , allowing 9 d . per week for rsnt , Is . 6 d , for fuel , 9 d . f » soap , candles , fcc , leaves 5 s . for food , which , for a man and wifo , and four children , is just lOd . a week for each ; or , allowing them food three times a-day , it will give something less than one halfpenny a meal .
The above rate of wages of each class , be it observed , is calculated npon tbe supposition that yonr order have constant employment , which , ia very seldom the case . - ' ¦' ' . - ¦ ; . . ¦ ¦ . ' . From the quantity of facto yet st onr disposal , for tbe illustration of this important subject , we must defer the conclusion , ot tke article unttt our next number ^ The series of articles on the Wrongs of Ireland vr /]] then also be commenced . —Campbell ' s Penny Democi at .
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Parliament ! has beeu prorogued from the 6 th of October to theJOth of November next . What is Sedition ?—Thia is a question , which every public maa will sooner or later have to ask himsoft , if the present systematic efforts to pat down the free expression , of opinion continue . Sir Robert Peel ' s powerful position in the Hou 38 of . Commons h » s stimulated the magistracy to the mosfc odious exercise of their functions ; and they seem to be fally conscious that neither from him nor hia col . Jeague 3 need they fear the least interruption to thek" barefaced proceedings . Although all excitement has long since ceased upon the part of the operatives , yet everywhere the police are ordered to put down or take up public speakers . A Charti 8 fc lecturer has penetrated to the forest of Dean , in Gloucestershire , and addressing the rustic inhabitants of that spot , has been proved to say , " that it was a great shame tho Queen did not maintain her
own mother , aa your poor foresters are obliged to do . " Tha mafc-isirates have boen so horrified by this language , and so convinced of i ! s seditious tendency , that they ^ have compelled the spcako * to give bail , himself in £ 100 , and four sureties of £ 25 each , to answer any indieirasm that may bo preferred against him . ^ And should he be indicted , and such asinine boobies as these magistrates on the jury , he will , without fail , bo convicted and sentenced to imprisonment . Law will not assist him , nor others in a like predicament . Nothing but the strong voice of an enlightened public opinion will impresr . the magisterial Buthornies with tho prudence of not putting popular patieaco to too great a trial . It is much to bo desired that public opinion were more active upon this suljoct than it has been . Whenever the people become indifferent to their rights , they staud a very fair chanco of losing them . —Evening Star .
"Cutzhugh, Walker, And Co, 12, Goree -C Viazzaa, Liverpool, Dispatch Regularly, Fine First Class American Ships, Oi' Large Tonnage, For The Following P≪;Rtsj Viz.— New York. ' Jfcsjd-) Boston. Philadelphia. J||I^ And Baltimore. I^Sinew Orleans. And Which Are Ijitendad To Sail Punctaally Or Their Appointed Days ; They Aro Fitted Up Expressly For The Comfort And Convenience Of Cabin. Second Cabin And
"CUTZHUGH , WALKER , and Co , 12 , Goree -C Viazzaa , Liverpool , dispatch regularly , Fine First Class American Ships , oi' large Tonnage , for the following P <; rtSj viz . — NEW YORK . ' JfcSjD- ) BOSTON . PHILADELPHIA . j || I ^ and BALTIMORE . i ^ SiNEW ORLEANS . And which are ijitendad to Sail punctaally or their appointed Days ; they aro fitted up expressly for the comfort and convenience of Cabin . Second Cabin and
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On Thursday morning , at St . A *> " . ' s Catholic churah , L : ccp , . Mr . John Piuder , of York , to Mi 33 Webster , of Leeds . On Thursday , the 22 ad in ' - -tar . i , at Kirby Hm , near Richmond , by the Rev . Thomas Holme , Mr . Edward Parnaby , of Ebor Houeo , r . cnr Leeds , to Mis 3 Anna Arrowsmith , o £ ' Kowshara ' 'Hall , second daughter of Mr . James Ar * owsiuith , ' of Aukew . Same day , at th <* par ' , sh church , Lambeth , by the Rev . G . Brandling , / ames Gmsee , E'q ., to El . ' en , tha third daughter o ' i Mr . CJay , manufacturer , Wakefield .
Same day , at Kir Beaton , Mr . Vfm . Milner . of Qaincey , lllonois , North America , to Elizabeth , youngest daugtyev : of Mr . Joseph Milnor , of Rawthofp , near H * r ^ o sfield . Same day , a /; the parish church , Otley , by tna Rev . J . Harr , yj car , Mr . Jeremiah Walker , of the Queen ' s l ^/ xd , to Margaret , ycusgest daughter of Mrs . Jeni >> ngs , of the Malt Shovel inn , ail of iJurley , near Ot- ^ r . -
To The Editoe Of The Nobthesn Star.
TO THE EDITOE OF THE NOBTHESN STAR .
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Danger of Lvcoksidekate Offees . —A gentleman in tbi 3 county , who vras much anp ^ . cd by wasps , rathov-thouglitleEsiv offered a 6 b , il : r . g fir every wasp ' s nest which could be brou ^ ta whitn All hand 3 in tbe neighbourhood immeoiately set to work , and the unlucky gentleman hud . to pay about \ £ 40 , there being ne&Tty 800 nestg brought \ o him . — [ Derby Mercury .
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DEATHS . On the 21 st ult ., at Aislaby HalL near WWtby . ip . his 58 th year , Watkins , Esq ., father ot Mr , •"/ ohn Watkins , of Battersea . On Thursday , in ibe 84 : h year of his age , BIT . Jonathan Bland , of Clayton , near Bradford . On Friday last , at Moot GraBgc . neat Headingley , after a ion > illness , Eliza , iho only surmuig daughter of the late Thomas WilsoD , Esq ., of lelington Green , near London . . Same cay , aged 31 , Mrs . Elizabeth Rhodes , or Yeadon , near Leeds . _ . . Same day , at Woodhouse Cair , a . ^ ed 57 , Eathia , vnfsc * " jh \ Janios Brayshaw , ami daughter ol the kio MivJolin I < : shoh , stationer , cf L-.-edf . _ Oil Thursday , tho 22 nd uit , Maria , wifu or Mr . F . Lrryura , cf Mhficld , ' solicitor , ' and tecond UdUiiiiter of Saciuel Brook , E ? q ., of West ivlula itfiriidd . v
Iviarria6es.
IVIARRIA 6 ES .
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THE CHARTISTS OF HUNSLET TO THEIR BRETHREN THROUGHOUT THE EMPIRE . Brother Democrats , —As fellow-workera with us in tbe canse of right , "we call npon you to do all tbat iica in your power to promote the formation of suc ' n a defence fend as shall assure our , champions that we appreciate their noble services ; and tbat by a proper display of our moral and united energies -we are resolved to make the tyrants who oppress us tremble , aud feel their utter insignificance when opposed to a patriotic and united people . Hundreds of good men have been dragged from their homes and inimured in prisons by the operation of bad laws , and at the dictum of class-made minions of power , and it the duty of all who wish well to their country , to see that these innocent victims of the hellish system under which we groan , be not delivered over like sheep into the taions of the wolves who are thirsting for their blood .
We are doing all we can in furtherance of the good cause ; and have , with this address , transmitted 10 s . to the Treasurer of the Defence Fund . Nor is this all we intend to do . We , like the rest of our brethren , are poor ; but we still keep our subscription boobs open , and tafee what the lovers of jnstice find themselves able to give . We believe that , under the blessings of the God ol Justice , the pence of the poor will yet triumph over the despotism of the rich oppressor . We are resolved to do ail we can ; and we expect yon to go and do likewise . Signed , on bsbalf of the Ciiartists of Hnnslet , T . B . SMITH .
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Sir , —In yonr "Notices to Correspondents" in the Star of last week , aDpeared a letaer from a George Claikfion , a member " of the Political Institute , complaining of a paragraph sent by me , which appeared in the Star of Sept 17 th . I have only te say that the report of Mr . Gill ' a announcement was taken from the Sheffield It is of Sept . 13 th , and confirmed by several persons wfeo incidentally mentioned the circumstance to ma I cannot see what right Messra Claxkaon and Co . have to find fault with me , in copying the report" of the Iris , tat I suppose they believe Out what " report « aya" muat be true ; at any rate , these aensitive gentlemen , so nice about their own honour , bnt not over acrupulons about other people ' s ,
might have first corrected their Complete Suffrage friend the Iris , before felling fonl of the Northern Star —ap&pei not often honoured with ttieli corrfespondence . With respect to tbe remarks appended to the above letter , permit me , Sir , to reply , that , % chen I am convinced that the Political Institute gentry are Chartists , I shall be happy to alter my tone towards them . In the meantime I shall pursue my own course , exposing humbug of evei / description , and setting at defiance faose-whoai I buvo btfore dtnouzced , sb " the ' real' foea of democracy , and the deadly enemies of nil who hocectly advocate tta cause of the people . " Tour obenlent Servant , George . Jvuah Bab ^ ey . ? Sheffield , Seft £ 7 , 1842 .
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TH E NORTHERN ST A R .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Oct. 1, 1842, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct975/page/5/
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