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INDIA AND BURMAII. The usual telegraphic...
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CO-OPFRATIVF LEACUIO. Mr. IO. Nash occup...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Continental Notes. Tin. Liberal Ministry...
sequence of a visit of the King to Nassau , where his mind may have been warped by contact with absolutist mo ' narchs . . It would be deeply regrettable , and especiall y for the King of the Belgians' sake , that he should waver , or seem to waver , in that course of genuinely liberal constitutionalism , which has preserved Belgium through most critical times . It may be that the King feels the pressure of France too heavy upon Belgium ; but he should know that the present Government of France is already tottering , and that when the change comes , it will be of more consequence to Belgium to have a Liberal Government than now to have one less odious to despotism than the last . The late Government was chiefly composed of liberal journalists . The Emperor of Russia arrived on tho 10 th inst . at Berlin .
The Empress of Russia arrived at Berlin on the 6 th inst . from Hanover , as did also all the brothers of the JCing , the Grand Duke of Schwcrin , and tho Prince and Princess of the Netherlands ; in consequence , all the royal family is once again united . The Empress was to remain at Berlin six days . Letters and journals from Neufchatel confirm the report of the signal majority of the Republicans , in comparison with the Royalists , at the meeting held on the 6 th inst . The following is the speech addressed by M . Lambley to the Republican Assembly : —
"If you had been told three months' since that you would to-day enter the lists to defend the Republic , and to cause the will of the people to be respected , you could not have believed it . The party of your adversaries had been completely beaten at tho elections . What then has happened that they have dared to raise their heads ? Has not the Government performed its duty ? ( Yes , yes . ) Has not the Grand Council acted for the interest of all ? Why has this Assembly become necessary ? I will tell you . A protocol has been drawn up in London regarding the rights of the Sovereignty of the King of Prussia to the Canton . ( Several voices , ' He has none . ' ) Ou that our adversaries havo thought that thoy might dostrov all
wc have done since 1848 . -Is our will no longer of any avail ? Does tho King of Prussia again believe that he can oppress the great _majority by a minority ? ( Several voices , ' It is unjust . ' ) Whatever may be the tenor of the protocol , wc will not acknowledge it . ( ' No , no : long live the Republic . ' ) The protocol signifies notliing , unless it proves that the groat majority of the people wish to return under tho ancient yoke . Wo do not regard the interest of the great powers ; we see but tha interest of the country . We will be Swiss , and nothing but Swiss ; but you must give your assent , not verbally , but in writing . ( Enthusiastic cheers . ) That is the reason why the committee propose to you to sign a declaration . "
Upon this , the declaration was handed round and signed . A second resolution , adopted in like manner , was thus framed : — " The people of Neufchatel demand of tho Government _, tho adoption of necessary measures for suppressing tho agitation against , the Republic , and for punishing tho , agitators , ior this purpose it also demands the immediate convocation of tho Grand Council . " Tho Revue de _G-cnboe . says , that the London Foreignoffieo protocol lias been brought , to tho knowledgo of tho members of tbe Federal Council , but , only confidentially . The protocol , it is observed , is of very little significance , since it merely records a resolution on tho part , of the powers , that ., if oven the question of Neufchatel is raised , it shall be dealt with on tho bases of tho treaties of 1815 . Tho Swiss publicists do not for a moment admit that these treaties ! assure sovereign right to tho King of Prussia .
M . Thiers , it seems , has changed bis mind , and is still tranquilly enjoying iho leisure of an honourable exile at Vovcy . The . Pale Gazette of the 5 th says . — " M . Thiers is still at Vovcy- He is provided with a passport signed by tho Swiss Charge if Affairs in Paris , and cannot therefore be considered us a refugee . It is positively stated that , tho expulsion of M . Thiers has neither been demanded by tho French Government , nor resolved by the Federal Council . " A Berlin journal ( writes tho Prussian Correspondent of the Daily News ) contained , a few days ago , some severe but well-merited remarks on the bare-faced trick played
off by Ilio Grand Duke of 11 esse upon bis Chainhors , by snapping np tho supplies , and then suddenly proroguing tho Assembly , just as it . was about , to discuss a most , vital question , tho mainfonatico of the Zollverein . As this course was taken in order to avert , unfavourable , criticism on the Austrian tendencies of the Grand Duke , the semiofficial Oestreiehische dor res pond ens assures its readers , that " ( ho Princes of Germany may with confidence remain attached io Austria , which will never disavow its principles ; and p ossesses , moreover , the necessary resources for rendering to its allies all tho succour , physical and moral , which they may need . "
A letter from Merlin ol the 5 th , in tho Emancipation of Brussels , says : — - "Two recent acts of the Prussian Government appear fo havo attracted notice . First , it . has directed ( lie clergy of the evangelical communion to wutc . h over the missions of the Jesuits , und to take cure thai , they do not disturb the public peace ; and next ., it , has authorized the ecclesiastical authorities of Silesia to display rigour against all who may separate from tho faith established by flic Slate without ' making a previous declaration , as required by lu \ y . " II . appears ( writes the _Oorrespiindent , of tho Daily Neios ) tliiit . Austria and France aro bent upon the dismemberment , of tho Swiss confederation . Certain if is that
negotiations bave been going ou between those ( wo courts relative to the French project of annexing tho Catholic populations of the . / urn , which _wtiro once under her sway . Austria , nu her side , would bo equally glad to annex the Tossin , and other eastern cantons ; but being bound by stricter engagements than Franco towards tho other _European powers , she objects to tho dismemberment _propound , _unlouB tho dotaohod portions of tho Swiflfl confedera-
Continental Notes. Tin. Liberal Ministry...
tion be declared a neutral territory , under the collective protectorate of the Catholic powers .-Letters from Ostrowow , on the confines o f Poland , state , that a great number of persons have fled thither from the nei _g hbouring Polish town of Kalisch , where the cholera is ragmg with great intensity , the deaths having amounted to forty daily out of a population of ten thousand . This rate of mortality is as high as if in London ten thousand a day wore carried off . The Governments of Wurtemburg , Saxony , and Bavaria , have come to an understanding with Austria for the establishment in common of consulates in foreign countries . From Spain we learn , that the rumours of a coup _d'etat are revived , iu consequence of an article in the Orden , _concluding with the . se words : " The President of the
Council expects his- colleagues at La Grama , and everything induces a belief that the journey to that royal residence will be fruitful of incidents , which we will endeavour to lay before our readers as they occur . " The Misoryimento of Turin , of the 6 th , gives the following singular intelligence from Forli , in the Roman States . Four persons were shot there on a charge of killing a man , named Romanini , by throwing stones at him ; but , notwithstanding the sentence of the court-martial , the majority of the inhabitants of Forli were of opinion that two of them were not only innocent , but had proved an alibi . As a manifestation of public opinion in this affair , the theatre was deserted on the 24 th ult ., and on the following day the shops were kept closed . The _delegare of Forli seeing this , issued the following notification in the afternoon of the 25 th : —
" The Delegate of the City and Province of Forli : —It is not to be tolerated that the shops and warehouses should remain any longer closed . Therefore we enjoin all merchants , shopkeepers , and speculators whatever of Forli immediately to open their shops , on pain of the most rigorous punishment . This order must be complied with by five o ' clock this evening . —From our residence , June 25 , 1852 . The Apostolical Delegate , G . Milesi . " It would seem , however , that this order did not generally produce the desired effect ; for , three days afterwards , the Austrian military commandant issued a notification , imposing various fines of from lof . to 200 f ., upon 72 merchants and shopkeepers , who had not complied with the delegate ' s order ; the said fines to be paid within two days on pain of arrest .
The Tuscan Moniteur brings a grand ducal decree on the subject of primary and secondary education . A primary school is instituted in each commune , and a secondary school in every town having a population of 4000 souls- There is also to be a Lyceum , at each of the following towns—viz ., at Florence , Lucca , Leghorn , Pisa , Sienna , and Arezzo , and a gynasium at every town where a public institution specially destined to literary studies at present exists . Tho most curious portion of tho decree is yet to bo quoted . Private instruction is free ; but is under the surveillance of tho Government aa to the soundness of the doctrines taught , and is also subject to the inspection of the bishops . Tho public schools are placed under the care of tho Minister of Public Instruction , and , as far as concerns religious teaching , under episcopal superintendence .
Edward Murray ' s fate is still undecided . But wo aro glad to learn that he has been removed to a less unhealthy prison , and that his health is bettor in consequence . " Mr . Moore , tho British Consul" ( writes tho Correspondent of tho Morning Chronicle ) , " who sees him weekly , has invariably found him firm in his denial of all guilt ; and , considering his debilitated health , astonishingly consistent and resolute in repudiating the accusations that have been brought , against him . Iio also protests against a trial by tho secret tribunal of tho Sacra Consulta , and with reason , and declares himself ready to abide tho result of a regular trial by tho ordinary courts of tho land . Ho spurns tho idea of any appeal to tho clemency of tho TColy Father , and _aflirms that ho will leave that prison under
tho wing of no act of grace , but as an innocent man , oi not at all . Those are , most certainly , not tho characteristics of a guilty man . " Wholesale arrests of committees , discoveries of secret papers , emanating from tho national parly , havo recently boon made in Lombardy . Cruelties not credible of any other power , havo been renewed by Austria , as if to drive tho victims of oppression to desperation . Hut a nation so pertinacious in its heroic endurance , so faithful in its patriotism , so purged and tried by suffering , can wait as well as strike . I fere are fuels to be registered by ( ho Friends of Italy in this country , and to lie remembered by all who abet Austrian dominion in Italy . We quote from tho Daily News , always ho well informed ou Italian _affairs ¦ „ —
A Idler , dated Milan , July A , states that it has been ascertained tiiiif the body of Signer Pe / . zotfi , who wits found strangled in a Milanese dungeon immediately after his arrest , wa . s instantly cut open , with a view lo got possession of some papers which ho bad swallowed at ( he moment of his arrest . If is said , too , thai , the tale of his having strangled himself is a mere invention lo conceal tho fact that ho was assassinated . However incredible this may appear , the remembrance of the firm and culm mil lire of poor Pe / _. ott i makes it still more , difficult to behove thai , he committed suicide . Arrests continue at _IJreseia , I ' avia , Creiliona . At Cremona , one Antonio Hindu , a landed proprietor , has been arrested along with others . To thoso arrested al , Mantua has to bo added the name of Count A rri valient ..
Al , Venice many deplorable arrests have been made - _Scurgollini , Canal , Zambelli , Forriicini , and others . Hero , as at Mantua , the arrests have boon made in succession , this being au old trick of the Austrian police , to induce ( lie imprisoned to believe that , thoy havo been dououucod by their previously arrested companions , and so to spread abroad through the liberal part , of society tho suspicion of mutual treachery . Altogether at Mantua the arrests hitherto known exceed ono hundred ; at Venice thoro havo boon in all
Continental Notes. Tin. Liberal Ministry...
eighteen ; in the other towns the numbers are _proportionate . It is impossible to describe what a misfortune to Lombardy is this fresh , razzia of the police among the most intelli gent and honourable of her young men . Austria seems determined not to leave one thinking man free in her Italian dominions . What effects these atrocities are producing on the Italians themselves may be inferred from the following extract from the letter of a correspondent of the Piedmonteso paper the Italia e Popolo , writing from Mantua , on July 1 , and complaining of the silence and indifference of the ministerial papers of Piedmont on the subject of cruelties so horrible . " Do you , at least , " says the correspondent to the editor of the Italia , e Popolo , " see that
these things are spoken of by those who seek the real welfare of Italy . Tell how they tear fathers from children children from parents , husbands from wives , —tell how they throw honest men into prison , —how they insult them by binding them in transport vans , refusing the re _« quest of their families to be allowed to convey them in other vehicles at their own expense , —tell how they manacle them during the journey , and order those to be bound still tighter who implore to have the irons a little loosened , and how they refuse every possible alleviation to their sufferings in prison . Tell how they treat those as condemned who are yet under trial , chaining them with
one hand and one foot together , and obliging them thus to remain huddled up on the ground in tho most painful position . Tell how they threaten the rod , and often use it for vengeance alone , or to extract confession . Besides these physical tortures , they assail the moral man with continual threats of death , as in the case of the hero Giovanni Grioli , and with irony , scorn , and insult . They abuse the holiest feelings , telling parents who implore mercy for their unhappy children , that the only means of saving them is to persuade them to betray their accomplices , and confess their crimes , and even when there are no accomplices and no crimes .
" I Write to you under the impression of the grief caused by the fresh arrests made in our provinces , by which we have lost ( imprisoned or fled ) upwards of a hundred of our best citizens . " Bou Maza , the Algerine chief , has escaped from Ham . The Suisse , of Berne , announces that the negotiations which have been for some time pending relative to the conclusion of a treaty of commerce and friendship between the Helvetic Confederation and the United States , have had the result aimed at , and that Mr . Dudley Mann , the American plenipotentiary , has left on his return to Washington . The Emperor of Austria returned to Vienna on tho 10 th , and was to leave again the same evening , to continue his progress in Hungary . A letter from Vienna states that it has been resolved to
strike off from the list of " private counsellors" the functionaries and others who favoured or did not oppose tho revolution of 1848 . The dignity of " private counsellor " is ono of the highest in Austria ; it gives the title of " Excellency , " and entrance to the Court . The first person to be removed from tho list is , it is said , Baron de _Pillorsdorff , who at one time was President of the Council of Ministers .
Ar00805
India And Burmaii. The Usual Telegraphic...
INDIA AND BURMAII . The usual telegraphic despatch from Trieste , dated the 12 th inst ., has been received . The dates from Bombay are to the 5 th of June ; from Calcutta to the 3 rd of June , and f rom Rangoon to the 26 th of May . _Bessein had been taken by assault by General Godwin , with the loss of three men killed , and seven officers and 24 men wounded . The General had left a garrison in Hossein , and returned to Rangoon . Nothing was known aa to the intentions of the King of Ava , nor of future operations . The troops were in good health . Tbe monsoon had set in , and commerce had consequently ceased for the season . Sir Colin Campbell had met with some hard fighting , and was not expected to return to Peshawar for some time .
Co-Opfrativf Leacuio. Mr. Io. Nash Occup...
CO-OPFRATIVF LEACUIO . Mr . IO . Nash occupied the Chair on Tuesday . Mr . ItouicitT Owkn read ti paper oiv the " Seionce o f Society . " The author contended that man ' s feelings thoughts , will , and action were formed for and not bg him , otherwise none would have unpleasant feelings or unwise thoughts , and consequently none could reasonably be praised or blamed , punished or rewarded , for their conduct ,. No science of . society could be created till this error was removed , and if bo admitted that each man is formed b y ( lie creating power of tiio universe , nnd the conditions with which society surrounds him . The object of this seionce is to produce the cordial union of the human race . But this cannot be effected while men suppose that eaeh man forms
his own character : mo l . m . r ¦ _>« _i . ] , \ u _,.,.,.,,,- . I ... 1 I _..... _ilimin Ins own character ; so long as this error shall continue there can be no genuine love , none of that spirit which _Huflcrofb long , and is kind . The true principle being now ascertained , progress may bo made fo the permanent , happiness of all b y forming a superior eharacfer for all , and surrounding all with ampin wealth . The object is , how to make man from his birth good , wise , and happy . This has not been done hitherto , because nil societies have been formed on the
_Huppositiou that each one forms his own eharacfer , and should ho responsible to society for it , and therefore failed . Look at tho conditions now existing i »
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Citation
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Leader (1850-1860), July 17, 1852, page 8, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/l/issues/cld_17071852/page/8/
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