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FjsgRgAttY 16, 1850. ,„ THE NORTHERN STA...
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•2-QKIES RECEIVED Fob *fcs2 Week Esmsg S...
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A SOTEIUT-IESBiKTOF POLICEHAS ABSC0X15ED...
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THB MND COMPANY, AND THE''^OTIINQ. ""' ,...
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. . ¦ . - , " . — . - TO THE MEMBERS " O...
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_ The ABMy.—it is suggested'that the red...
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DEPUTATION-T^LORD JOHN„RUSSELL ON —""^ -...
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Mpsttm,
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"WORSHIP-STREET.—Extraordinary ArrwcAtuq...
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Austrian iMruDExc**.—The Vienna ' .paper...
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Parliamentary Review . Work Has Been Alr...
BiMamed the opinion-we " pressed as to . tile _, timidity ' of _theTGoyei-nment , and their fear , of grappling : -With episcopal domination in tbat _Commissiori . - Ostensibly , tlie new "Estates Commission is to consist of three _Gommissioners— -two paid , and one nnpaid—butoneofthepaid Commissioners is to be appointed by the Archbishop of Ca-sterbury the unpaid member of the ' Board -will no doubt "be selected from the superior ranks of Churchmen , and thus the angle lay Commissioner -Hill be completely swamped hy the influence of the Bishops . . "" . " : \ ' . ! . .. " - ' .
Apropos of this matter , considerable excitement prevailed in the Lower House , by the proposal to appoint a committee for tiie purpose of examining into the truth of Mr . Horsmas _' s charge , against Lord 5 * Russell , and Sir Geor ge Gees- , of -wilful and deliberate deception . That inveterate meddler and "busybody , Mr . Roebuck—who has constituted _himsd ? censor of his fellow members , and guardian of the character of the Ministry , and whomever seems so happy as when he is either in hot -water himself , or getting some hody ebe into it—broug ht Mr . _Hoesmah ' s letter formally hefore the House . Mr . Bors-MA 3 T -fleclared , that he -was read y to justify his
charges "before a _commi- _^ ee , and gave notice _aeeerdingly , On the following evening , however , hefore the motion -was put , Lord Ashley , the successor of-Mr . _Soebock , in the representation of Bath , played the part of pcace-- giaker , in contradistinction to the _-qnarrelsomeness of his predecessor . He struck in as _wardens curia ? , and "prevailed upon both parties tomake mutaal concessions and explanations , "fa y -which the arSair tenmnated without the appointment -of a committee . Thai Mr . HOKSMAX was -essentiall y coi-reci hi his allegations , _andsra _^ ectlyjustifiediQffl-skingthem , we think no one _who has paid the -sli ghtest attention to _tbe-case can doubt . Ministers must
Lave been ¦ conscious that it was so , or they would not hare allowed so _grat-e and serious an imputation against their honour and integ rity to-drop in the manner it did ; they prudentl y acted upon the ojti -maxim in such cases , "IDhc least said is _sosnest mended . " The "honourable member for Sheffield , " also _conisived to achieve T * a had eminence " in the case -of the Ceylon _isoniiy . The independent -members of the committee , whom it was proposed to re-appoint almost without exception , declared that fi * 8 mthe course pursued fey * t & e Government , they were hopeless of
obtaining either an impartial investigation of _the-charges against Lord _ToREiSGlbs , or a just-verdict on the case . Government , by a succession _% f hase _intrigces and subterfeges , were --evidently detennmed to carry a foregone _conclusion , and to -whitewash their gjnli-y _officer-and relative . Mt .- * Roebuck thereupon starteS up , and , after making an attack -npon the members whohad thus expressed themsekes , gave -utterance to sentiments , with reference
to Colonial Government , which are sufficient ~ to destroy for ever any reputation he may _thave heretofore possessed for liberality of opinion _. According to him , the * _-G _* ilI of Lord Toitaura-1 ~ ok was quite good enough law for the people of Geyion ; and the people who complained of the -arbitrary , _crnel , _= _anb " law-less manner in -which properly had heen confiscated , and lives _takec , were mere paltry , pitiful _popularit _yhnnters . Mr . Hume , -with great justice -and honest warmth , declared that he had never
heard , in that House ,- * a speech more tyrannical . The people of Sheffield will do well to watch the eouxse of their waspish and unstable representative , who seems to be a sort of-2 ? _arliameatary Malay , aad , in his frensy for fig hting , ' "runs a-musk , and tilts at all he meets . " A--vain attempt to'diselose the iniquitous system by which Government officials -pack Irisliijuries , and poison the fountain of'justice at its source , in that-unhappy country— 'has heentmade bv -Mr . _Sadleie . His detail of
the manner in which - . Ihe Ceo-w _7 * SOLICJIOB proceeded to protect the Government , through _MajQr--CAJiEEON , against the claim _ofa-per-Eon for damages done tc his property , reflesied the utmost discredit upon thai ofifcial and'his employers . Mr . Hat € _jhei , l—the new " "Frist Solieitor-Geueral—made iis maiden speedh . in _defeneeof the injustice . He has the reputation of ' . heing a clever n > a * J , hut _anything-moxe ¦ wretched in the shape -of a speech we * ne _*« er _heard"in our lives . Perhaps the consciousness that his-case was indefensible , helped to coafase
Jim . -ts . more hlnndering , roundabout _or-stion was never blurted Out—and , after all ,.-the explanation essentiall y : substantiated Mr . i Sadlkb-s allegations . S is no wonder the Irish people baTe so little-respect for the law , when they see how partially it is administered . To "the" event of the Session we have fully adverted ia a separate artkle . The policy-of the _Miaisfey , with respect -to the : Colonies will constitute a prominent feature , and occupy a large portion of the time of Parliament . Other topics we must leave-till next week .
Fjsgrgatty 16, 1850. ,„ The Northern Sta...
_FjsgRgAttY 16 , 1850 . , „ THE NORTHERN _STAR _. 5
•2-Qkies Received Fob *Fcs2 Week Esmsg S...
• 2-QKIES RECEIVED Fob * fcs 2 Week Esmsg _Shdesdat , - _"Februari 14 , _ISM .
FOR COSTS-0 F _MACNAMARA'S ACTION . Received hy V 7 . Rides . —James Lowe , Sheffield , is . " Irrine , Scotland , -par J- Youll , It . ; Four _Bdcldayers-, iondon , -is . ; Chork _* - , !? cr II . Xorris _, -Is . aa .: J . Ii . "Massey * _Zfl-jj-si glit _, near Manchester , is . ; S . SfceI * Ion , Lom * 5 % ht , - . near Manchester , is . - _3 _T . Gouch _, LongBight , near _Manchester , Cd . : S . _Mcadowo-oft , _Lon-jsight , sear Manchester , -Cd . ; M . Bradbury . Laujjsiglit . near Manchester , Cd ., a _^ friend , _Loiigrf «* it , -near _Manchester , Cd . ; a-few Handloom 'Weavers , Euglisli Brae-Fide , Carlisle , peri . _Ji-Seiude , 9 s . ed .: _HolmfirtlL per H . _Jiarsden , lis . - _Ilnelaiafl . Torkard , -per J . Sweet 3 s .- a fesr Readers of tiie Star , Markinch , _-pffi * W . . Melville . Cs . 11-st ; Halifox , Female Chartists , per Ja _3 ? Walker , 5 s . 3 . _Gtsffitlis _. Xcwtown , _ifonigotaerjshire , 2 s . _£ i . ; J . Leigh , _BixKjk-iit reet _, Manchester , Is . * J , Taylor , Stour I ' _rorost . If-- ; Scnderland , per W . G- _/ itij-tori , 3 s . 2 d _.-J . Cook , _.-ainclifis _€ u * Iiery , 3 s . ; Miss It _Canteto , _Keapart . Me of Wight , € _&; J . Canteto , Jun ., Newport , _IsIeof-WightiCd .- - FOR THE _AGITATiON OF THE CHARTER .
_Beaavad by W . KiDE 2 .--Cainsl ) 0 K » ugh Chartis _* s , per "W _- _SienGlson , Cs . gd . ; Bristol ; per 0 . Clark , 2 s . _«&' - ; M . Dawson _^ _Whirn-ortli . nc .-irRoeW-ale . C < 1 . ; J . Fielden , Whitwortli , ne £ } - ltochdale , Sd . Beceived at Lasd Oatc ? . — _CoUactedst John-street , IL le . z a _** _liutin-rtoiiand Cat , _iJE .
DEET D'J £ TO THE PRINTER . _Becelredbr W . llu > EB . _ Caasgos 7 . per D . Shen-Iiigio- * , _s . Cd . C « - _^ T DUE TO MR . NIXON . Beceived at _-Lakb : Ofrce . —J . _Caccx . abd W . Parkim aiindiflte _ColUttj-, IM . ; H :. l _* £ _-a , _Eesaale . _CliarSsts , per Jane Walker , 5 i . - . John Grifiiths , _Ivcaiton , _Mont-jomery . £ » nre , 2 s . ( HL ; 3 . _L-= j _* li , Manchester , le . J . Cook , Shincliife _Collieiy , 3 d . fOR WIDOWS Or THE LATE MESSS & WILLIAMS _/ . ND SHARP . lleceived by TV . Bugs . —J . Canteto , _Nseport , Isle of _vig * , Is . ' - ¦ . . ...
MBS . _fiS'DOUA'LL . _Eecased by W 1 _Jhpi- ** . _—Brighton , _Scbst-j-aed at the _Arfadwiel-in , per T . Harre j , 4 s . Cd . ; Ship _Inflj Birmiagham , per J . _"Scwl-onse , 3 s . - % Todd , West Aucfclaud , 6 d . TO EXEMPT PRISONERS FROM OAKUM PICKING . Eecared _J-j -w . Hn > Ea . —!& r _Carlow , London , " 4 d , ; Mr . Hams , London , 40 . ; Mr . Lewie , London , -Id . ; Westend Riot and _Slioiaoakera , meetin- ; at the Two Chair «» en . _wardour-sKeet _, p _? r _^ _^ Messrs . Melons and Smith , 5 s . i £ . n & "ctJt _Aucklwd _, 6 i Kecewed bT John A * moj **> _t . W-M . BejnoldE _. _Efq ., i ( . Is . G . W ., cd . / . FOR WIVES A 6 _© FAMIUES Of VICTIMS . c Eeceiredb y W . llu > _Et . _ Mr . Osborne . Leicester , is . ; EGuinaiiiaii , _Tanljiidse \ Vfills , Cd . ; _West _^ nd Boot and aoeinakers _meetmx _^ t tha Two . Chairmen . _"Wardonr-6 tr _« _y _« r Messrs . Dickens and . _Smlfli , as .- Cripplegate Daesh ty , 2 G , Solden-lane , per Mr . Hampton , 7 s .
NATIONAL VICTIM FUND . Eecejred by Jonx . Absott , Secretary . —Hia : ng Sun , Cai . lender-yard , per Mr . Scotter , Us . \ South Londol ; Han per Mr . _Boberis , Is . Aid . Mr . Rider , as per Star , lgg , fid . ' ; _aFrientlatJoIin-streetjperMr . Yernon . Is . •"
A Soteiut-Iesbiktof Policehas Absc0x15ed...
A _SOTEIUT-IESBiKTOF POLICEHAS _ABSC 0 X 15 EDfrom "Wellington , Shropshire . , His name is Baxter , and he was suddenly missed onthe 23 rd ult , and his whereabouts lias not yet been discovered , although hand-lulls have been circulated -throughout the _singdom with a new to his apprehension . Itis re-Ported that his defalcations are he » YT . A WoSDEMT-I , CDBE OF AS EbCPIION _« S TnE FlCE BT - _^**! i ? I _«? Obtkest . —TJie- editor- of tbe _GosssEr Sck P _^ jhshed in his paper lately a most extraordinary cure _•™* cu be _nltaessed by tlie use of Holloira * - _' s Ointment , in r _! , 086 ? of _*} _cTuM whose face was entirely covered with _^ _vJfiJ _?? l " iis recommendatibB the parents of'the _^ _° _™ S t 3 ? r invaluable « medy , ' and ip' the space of one w & _x , to ttel astomdiment of evei-y one , tlie face wasper-. i _^ _Uy-free fiom any blotch or mart - This oiitaentis ' P _« _nito-b 7 . _-jdap _^ . _^ . _tIw _* iire- < rftani « $ cald 8 , sciirTy f _* _£ _& 3 * 3 _-w-j e _^ _rrrfrBldn _dueaBes ; also for old _wounasT _Pmm _rauwn . bad _brsas _^ _cwdweigg . _; _,- ; . -
Thb Mnd Company, And The''^Otiinq. ""' ,...
THB MND COMPANY , AND _THE'' _^ _OTIINQ . _" "' , " . " . " - " . _; ' _BAM _7 OTJRNAL . **; - _-f _" _— -- ' _=: COUET ; OT _EXCHEOJJE _^ l ' f _lTOSbi _^ Feb . li . . . _. .- " 6 ' _COSSOTS . Vi _BRJlDBHAVT . ' : ' - "' _-TW 9 _^& , i _*^[ _bwj £ ' _-h r Mr . _reargus 0 Connor , _MvP . for Nottingham , against the proprietor of the Nottingham Journal , to recover com-: pensation in damages , for alibel reflecting upon his character , which was published iu the shape of a hand-till , and circulated . about the town .
Mr . Sergeant Wilkins , arid Messrs . Hatherton and Prentice , . appeared for the plaintiff , and Mr . Roebuck , . M . P ., Mr . Keating , and Mr . Bagley , for the defendant . Mr . Sergeant Wixkins , in opening the case , said the announcement , thathe appeared for Mr . _feargus O'Connor , Member of Parliament for Notting ham , would . be quite sufficient to satisfy the jury that it behoved a gentleman of his position to be jealous of bis reputation , and to take care that he lost ne influence in society which ho oug ht to possess by the misrepresentations of malicious persons . Mr . O-Connor would fain have been 3 gared the necessity of coming before them ; for it formed no part of his happinessto be engaged in litigation or
in strife , and much as he felt himself called upon to combat many accepted notions in the political . " T-orld , he would have been spared the necessity of vindicatimr , on the present occasion , his character , unsullied as it seemed to him _. and as he was sure would appear to them when they had heard the facts of the case , from a libel which attributed to him some of the worst motives which could influence the conduct of any man—a libel which could be actuated by no desire to benefit the public , but which appeared to him ( Mr . "Wilkins ) to be actuated by a wish to harass and annoy Mr . O'Connor . The man who ' exposed abuses wherever lie found them , wbo encouraged good and condemned oppression and tyranny , was a benefactor to the public ;
but there was a vast difference between him ai > d the slanderer who wounds to give pain , and is _^ he first , if he possibly can , to prevent the healing of the wound he makes . Now the libel whica he would read would show that the writer ofit was actuated by two of the meanest motives which _couldlpossibly characterise the conduct of any man- ; in the first place , he appeared * o have a love of pelf , his object being by the publication of the jlib _^ l to increase the circulation of the newspaper of which lie was the proprietor ; and inthe next he wished to vent his spleen en Mr , O ' Coprior because he happened to entertain political notions different to his own , which , in thc eyes of a small man , was a sufficient catiseto give expression tb hi 3 hatred . However
they { the jiiry ) might differ from Mr . O Connor in his political views , he was satisfied they would not allow any prejudice to enter their minds in respect of them , but would judge of the « ase with strict , impartial , and unbounded justice . He should simply content himself by proving the libel , arid would leave tbe defendant to prove the plea of justification which he had put upon the record , and he trusted that the investigation would set Mr . O'Connor right with the world , and put an end to the slander , hatred , and abuse which parties had directed agai-nst Mm . If the other side should have the temerity to attempt to justify this slander , he should show that "few men were ntore malio-ned and misrepresented than Mr . OiConnor , and _hetrould then have no fear as to the result of their verdict . The libel was on
the following terms : — ' . 'The subscribers of the National land . _Compa-ay and the admirers of Feargus O'Connor , "Esq ., M . V . for Kottingham , who has' weedled the people of England out -of £ 100 , 000 , with which be has "bought estates and _conveyed them to lus own use and benefit , and all Who are desirous to witness Ihe & aal overthrow of this great political _impostor , should order the Kotlr > i _$ _bam __ Journal , iu which -his excessive _honesty in-connexion " . villi the Land-Plan lias been , and will continue to be , fearlessly exposed . The Nottingham Journal is the _-lar-jest newspaper allowed by law , and is thebestTeWcle in liis county or neighbourhood for advertisements , -business information , and _-general
news ; Delivered _eveiy * , vher . e early every Friday _monring-. Price only _4 * rd ; per annum , in advance , ISs , ; credit _I'lls . " Now if ever libel were rendered undignified by the mode iu which it was put _forward—if ever patriotism was wrapped np in dirty paper—here was a specimen . —{ A laugh . ) It was nothing more than a libel to reader Mr . O'Connor obnoxious to a great many p eople in the country , and , to increase the sale , of . "thelargest . paper allowed by law , price _fourpence-balfpenny , "" by accusing lum of -robbing a _number-of poor people of £ 100 , 000 , and .-applying it to his own use and benefit . The Learned Counsel concluded by challenging the _defendant ' _-s Counsel to prove ihis -charge it thev dared . "
The necessary proof of the _publication-of-the libel was then gone into . Mr . _BoEBocsthen addressed the jury-on thc part of the defendant , and alter a few preliminary observations , asked them to _consider for what thc present case had been-brought into a court of justice ? His "Learned Friend had said that it was to defend the-character of a gentleman of high station , who at the present moment was so jealous of his honour , and possessed-of such nice feeling , thathe had occasion to come forward to vindicate himself
and his character from an atrocious charge and a malignant venting of spleen , hatred , and malice ; and yet all he proved , was the publication of the libel . This was a -sa _* aJige ; _proM _« i « ig .-for : 4 i gentleman ofsuch liigli honour , as he called himself ; but as to his high honour , they were left entirely in the dark . They had simply " Feargus O'Connor , Esq ., MP ., " on the one hand , and the imputation-of " political _unposter" on the other , and he took credit _. to h * ni * elf , ibr a character so . free _fi-oniblariie and so _uniiriiieai _^ b ji _^ _bthat he simply _4 aid the libel before them , and _saidp- _^ _tconsider __ jny i harassed feeling , and _reinstate me in that - position ' , whicli I . have' a right to . -bold : " Now he ( Mr ; Roebtick ) did not . 'mean , to •_ leave him in that j position . The . defendant , in-this .. case was ; net the
real defendant , but the injured persons who had been deprived of their money by Mr . O'Connor . They said , and he would justify the charge , that he had wheedled a large number of poor mechanics out of their hard _earainj-s upon false representations , and had painted pictures of happiness to their imaginations which he must hare known to , be -false . Ihe plaintiff must have been aware at the time that the sihall pittance which he obtained from their _industry under feigned promises was the worst species of imposture that could he devised . He bad not fulfilled One of Ms _probiises to those whose money he had wheedled to the extent of £ 100 , 000 , hut had bought estates withthe money , and converted them to his own use . He had been in the habit of
addressing inflammatory tirades to the . people , and _eslling them his children ... This nauseous and repulsive mode of proceeding had been given publicity to through the columns ofthe newspaper of which he was the proprietor . In those addresses he professed himself to be in possession of a grand scheme for the amelioration of mankind , but it often happened -that these schemes turned out instead forthe personal 3 > enefit of tte persons who established them , ihe defendant in this aetion had charged thc _plantUf merely with buying estates for his own use and benefit with the money of other people , and this accusation he was prepared , to prove . In one of the _plaintiff ' s addresses when' introducing this scheme , ie said that-he ' -was ashamed of the
condition of ibe people , and in order to remedy this state of things he proposed that by a small subscription from *? aeh member of his association , the subscribers should all become proprietors of land . A certain quantity of this land was to be allotted to each subscriber , on such terms as to enable him to become a small freeholder , arid to live in contentment and "happiness . In order , further , to induce the people to join his society he went to the manufacturing towns , where _^ _vast populations were employed for many hours during tue day in labour , and who by reason of their ignorance of the eountry were most likely to be worked upon , and he told tliem that scenes of rural bliss , and / an actual paRidise awaited them- if they would enrol
themselves members of thc -society . He-, described iri glowing terms the beauties of the country , the tranquil iiomesteadp , the lowing cattle , - -the _slumbering pigs , ihe glorious harvest prospects , and other scenes of contentment and plenty , which " were likely -to make an impression on ' the minds ofa population long accustomed to factory atmosphere . The _Learaed Counsel then proceeded to read extracts from several of theuddresjassofllr . O'Connor published io the NortherhStar . He had been enabled during the progress of his _wlieedlingi from 1845 down to the _^ _presenttime to enrol 70 , 000 subscribers who were to pay £ 212 s . for every two acres of land , and in return they were to have a cottage , £ 15 in money , and capital to purchase the necessary stock .
The 70 , 000 persons-were to have their allotments in the course of- five or six years ' ; but according to Mr ; O'Connor ' s own showing , it would haee taken 300 years to effect that ohject . . In fact * no one bad been made a-freeholder of land -which had been _purchased by the money of the subscribers but Mr . O'Connor himself , who had caused every cptatc to be ' conveyed in his own name .. But of the whole number of persons who had been induced to invest their money -m the scheme , only a very few had been put upon the land _i and tbe only advantage thev had gained was , that they had to pay a larger rent than if thev had hired it elsewhere . Six different estates had been purchased , the whole of them by the proceeds ' of the subscribers * ; money _All-the _Iegal-. ri ghts and : control we ' re- vested in Mr '
u ypnnor . Mr _sergeant Wi kins had slated , that tlunirfy Lid nothing to do with the politics of Mr . 0 Connor ; that this was a transaction - between man and man , and that Mr . O'Connor appeared before the court as an honest and upri ght man . He ( Mr . Koehuck ) , however , charged him _^ with dishonesty in making promises which he knew never couldbe fulfilled , and which by . his conduct he clearl y showed" _Jierer would be fulfilled / Mr . O'Connor was in __ the _^ habit of . addressing' the _work-iog-ipeople in the - ; _most -. extraoraiharj * language . He called them "Fustian jackets , " - " yoi * with blistered bands and unshorn chins , " , ' / old _guardsj" A _^ fsaA _wheir _^ _ddreseing the printers and othew _oonne-Jteil mihM _puWics _^ _on of Tarns *
Thb Mnd Company, And The''^Otiinq. ""' ,...
papers ,, the principles of . which were adverse to his owri ; *" ' he _callod "them ! " dastardly " ruffians _^ " * " cripples / ' arili ' other 'vile epithets . ' He _vdiild prove that the scheme was an illegal piie ' in point ' of fact a _merelbtteryi -whicU oughi not ; . to have . beenregistered •; .: *; The plan of ' tne ' . _'L-ihd Sooiety . having entirely . failed , ' _tenants-to thb number of 227 had been served with notice of'ejectmbrit _^ y-Mr . O Connor ' s * solicitor , because they had become unable to pay the rent for the last two years after they had been reinoyed from their homes at a distant part of the country . ' In conclusion the learned gentleman expressed a hope that the iesult ' of this trial would be triumphant to his client , and
that the exposure of' the scheme consequent upon it would for- the future _^ preveiit any more money being extracted from the pockets of thc class who ' had been . termed " blistered hands " and ! " fustian jackets , " and that proof would be given to the world that this man' was what the defendant had called him —• anuihpostor whohad wheedled poor and defenceless men of their earnings . He would call witnesses before theni whose evidence would establish the truth of all the allegations he bad made , and if the jury , were satisfied of their trustworthiness , they would ; he was sure , feel no hesitation in promptly returning their verdict in favour of the defendant .
It was admitted that the plaintiff is the : sole proprietor of the Nordiern -Star newspaper , and the extracts referred to in the speech ofthe defendant ' s counsel , were first put in and read , The printed rules of the "National Land Company wero also read . The reading of these documeritsocciipied the court for nearly two hours . The _Assistani-Uhgistkak of Joint Stock Companies was then sworn , and produced the various documents registered at that office . The company was never completely registered , but was provisionall y registered in October , 1846 , aiid the provisional registration was renewed and continued , until the registrar refused to renew
it on the ground that the company was illegal . — Cross-examined : There was a , ' . mandamus applied for in the Queen ' s Bench against the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies for refusing to , registrar the Land Company , and that proceeding is now depending . There is no deed of settlement registered . A deed of settlement _^ signed by 10 , 000 or 12 , 000 persons , would cause a large outlay for stainps . No deed of settlement was ever lodged that _I'know of . I never saw one . I must have known of it if there had been one . Mr . Serjeant "Wilkins said , the draught had been taken , but it had been sent back for engrossment .
John _Hunspx . —I lived in Leicester . . I was a frame-work knitter . My wages wero from 12 s . to _lis . a-wcek .. I had a wife and two children . My wifcnsed to cam 5 s ., Gs ., or 7 s ., a-week . One of niy children was employed at 2 s . 6 d . a-week . That would make about 20 s . a-week that we earned . I left Leicester because I thought I had been a lucky member ofthe Land Company , in being drawn in the Land Company as an allottee . I paid ! £ 2 J 2 s . I was a " two acre man . " I went to Sriig ' s-end , Gloucestershire . : I know Mr . O'Connor , whom I saw before I left Leicester . I said " I callod to ask if I should go to Snig _' s-end , which was about to be located . ' He said "Yes , " and I went . I
received £ o . _to carry us to Snig ' s-end . I was much delighted at thefirst sight of that place , but I soon found out that I bad been deceived . O'Connor had promised that the land would he cultivated ' properly , and that we should find it quite a paradise . I worked the land as long as I had j money , but before Christmas "I was obliged to go to another placet © work to earn support' O'Connor deceived mc , - He did not put anythin g in the land as he fad promised but potatoes . My boy and I worked from light to dark sometimes . I received a second £ 5 after'I reached Snig ' s End . I never received any more . I was to have had another £ 5 , and a further £ 5 per acre after I had been there six months . That was the
promise of O Connor in his letters . I have never been able to live upon the produce of the land . I never received any lease or conveyance of this land . I met the plaintiff in Glocester _^ in , 1848 / I was one of the three who were deputed to obtain the payment of the additional Co and the £ 10 'for barley and -ethers . O ' Connor said , they must have seen by the _Sto » - that they were short £ 30 this week , and ' he had riot' received any money from Manchester for nine weeks , and-so he « eonld riot give us any money , " Wc told him that many of them had sold their allotments , as they could not live , and ho said that they were wrong , and he would have made soup of iris shoe sole before he would havo done so . I have paid no rent , nor were any of us to pay w " aat is called rent ; but 0 _*" _
Cross-examined : Half an acre was planted . I think there was many a yard of laud w »> ete there was no potato put in . There was nothing else but potatoes planted on _ny land for me . I planted Swede turnips , these _eostSd . or 9 d .: and half si bag of potatoes , which cost me 3 s . Gd .: There is half an acre still unoccupied . I received the second £ 5 about a month after I got there . I had ho barley given to me , but some of ns half an acre , some more , and some less , I have never paid any rent at . Snig ' s End , for I had enough to do to pay the rates—3 s . Cd . a quarter poor rate . There are : 4 S 0 balloted who ought to have had their allotments , but who have not . There were about 2 , 100 of us in Leicester . — - ' By TnE- Chief _Bahox _; There were S 2 or 83 cottages at Snig ' s End , hut they were not all occupied . Some of the people had gone away as they could not live :
John DEwnmsT . —I lived in Leicester formerly , where I kept a school . I called on the p laintiff in lSi 7 m consequence of his having stated in the Star that persons could have land at i per cent , on tlie ontlay _.- _'I took him £ 390 arid he gave me ; credit for £ 400 . That was . _tb ' buy eight acres of ' land al Snig ' s End . I have paid him other sums , ! but those sums he appropriated to himself . The plaintifi wrote me a letter , dated tbe 31 st of July , 1848 , in answer to some I had written to him . . ' This is an answer to my letter of the 25 th of the same month , requesting that my £ 390 should be returned to mo , with £ 100 for my bargain ; and compensation foV . rhy crops , as my legal adviser told me my tenure was too insecure . The answer to mv letter stated that
he should not made any allowance arid margin . to the quibbles of a _laywer . Iliad four acres , with a farni house , and I am still in possession of that quantity , as well as of two acres more , land . ' 1 paid £ 390 for the eight acres , ' . four for myself and four for a friehd ; who ; had not the means to ; ' pay foihimself . I have had neither ; lease nor conveyance but I have a paper from the ' plaintiff . I havebeeii ' living on that land . I have since seen the plan tiff . I did not know that there was any mortgage on this property until after I took possession . I have had conversation with the plantiff , who told me that . I should have the conveyance , but I have not yet had it . —Cross-examined : In the first instance I agreed to
take eight acres . 'I was not to pay X 100 ' an "' acre ' but £ 45 . When I spoke of the mortgagee the plaintiff offered _to-go with me to him , but I did " not' go . The plaintiff offered to guarantee mo against' the mortgagee . The plaintiff has offered to return me the money , with interest , if I would give up the farm , but there was more due to me than he ofiercil me , and my legal adviser snid the plaintiff would pay me £ 500 , but I claim more than £ C 10 front him . —He-examined _^ : I purchased two of the" four acre" certificates from two of the other ? , and the plaintiff had guaranteed that thoy were worth £ 100 each . I sold one of them and received £ 10 deposit , and when J saw what had . appearcd in the . Star 1 placed them in the hands of the plaintiff . ; ' '
Alkxaxdeb Clblaxd . "—I was a hand-loom _weavev in Scotland ,. Soinetimes my wages have _bcei £ 1 Is ; a week , and sometimes 10 s . and 12 s . Ihnd two sons who at times could earn as' much as myself . _Thei _' -e have been only four balloted for iri Glasgow * There wero several ; hundred members Of the company in ' Glasgow . ' Sometimes as " much as-S 45 a week , was- sent ' to thei Compapy--tb the Star . I have riot paid any rent , nor was , it uiidc *" - stood that -we _wes-e to pay rent ,- but only a' reritcharge of four _percent , per annum on the outliiy : Ihavereceived altogether £ 13 . There ! are ' rhles which say the directors may keep back money for cultivation , and from mo they kept back £ 7 10 s . When I saw it in ; Jiine it could riot bo p lanted- I have dug 180 ' square yards in a day . Some
lands will - allow of-300 or -100 square yards bejag dug in the same time . - I had three ! acres , and they _werei all _ploughi'd , ' with only ' [ half an aere of poratoes , _: when J -went . There had not been any manure in it , and therefore for the one ploughing and the half acre of potatoes they charged ine £ 7 10 s . The ' disease seized the potatoes , so that they never came to maturity . ' f planted three parts-with potatoes , Swedes ; and : turnip ? . ' Last yeai _\ niy wifc 4 ng and planted a quarter [ of an acre with wheat , ami this year in consequence we have been able _to-have in an acre of wheat . I ; have been compelled _tcrgo and work to obtain the mean ' s of my family ' s living . ••• I got work through the influence of three Of the direofors on one _pf tho Company ' s estates . I am living- ' at Snig ' s ; End now . We have hiid a very hard time of _l it . * I' have not applied for the conveyance directly : ' . We have had bread sometimes and at others wo have not
been-, able to get any .. I have toiled with riiy son the whole day . —Cro ss-examined : 1 let" an acre of iny land last year for £ 3 , and , as far as Icouldrlcultivatedthe other two acres . 1 sowed" some m _bearisj peas , Swedes , arid as I was so late _id _^ cdming in I could not do , more with it , I alwaysat Glasgow lived better than iit Snig ' s End . ; ' W . ' CoLsok . —I-was a slater _at'Derby . reamed as journeyman 24 s . 'a week : I am forty j years old . After that Iusedto earnbetween £ 2 rind £ 3 a week about three parts of the year . ' •' , ' , ! ' Mr , Sergeant Wilxiks snhmittcd that what these man had earned did not arise upon the p leadings . . Mr / K-jATiKO _contended that , they did ; for what ; they alleged was that , * in consequence * of the false representations pf MK O " Cortrior / _. these meii had heen induced to l & ve their ' _emplbymeiit foi * the' _pui" _--ppg ©? . -pf _^ oirig ' to ; _tte _^ e ' J eBt }» teai where ; they had
Thb Mnd Company, And The''^Otiinq. ""' ,...
found they had been , deoeived _* by 4 hose representations . , *" _ " ; _—* —— . —~ - — •; The' - , _CniEF'VBA K 0 N " th 6 ught ' these ' questions did not ariso upon the issue . ! . The question' 6 fahluencc . ° vjR *? , _° !?* _7 in respeei ; of these ' pers ons " c 6 uld not arise on the prbeeediiigsj ! ' " i / _iC ' . ' _^ ' -. ''! ' ' _> _!\ ' , . _* _-e . _examihatidn -of this- witness , was 'then resumed ..: It was iii it ' s main- features ' similar to that ofthe preceding witnesses , ' "¦ : " - ; t : ';' _ At the end of this _eridence the Lobd ; Chief Bahon adjourned the case till-eleven o ' clock - on Friday ; morning . ; ; _- : ¦ : ¦; _--, . _;¦¦ ¦ - . ¦ - ¦ - ' ¦'• _¦•' . _^ The Court waB densely crowded throughout the [ day ; _"' '•¦ ' _¦*;•¦ ¦¦•¦ _;* _* ' _.- ! ; : ij _; . . _- .-.. ' : _?* ¦ _,, , _;>}*• .: / ¦
; : i ( ' . _; ' _'X ;¦ _FBJDAYii ; _[• _' _; 7 [ ' _';¦ ' ' _^ . ? _i !''! - " a e _* _wasresum this morning . Three persons , ' named respectively Brown , Best , and Ross , ! who ' were ! shareholders in the _. _"fM- 'r ial : Land "Company , deposed that they had heard the plaintiff say ; in his speeches addressed to public _nieetings at Nottingham , that all the _paidT up members could be located in three years , if he was returned to Parliam ' eht , ' but , if he ' was not returned it would take six years . ' On cross-exairiiriation , _Bbown said ; J sold my , allotment , and got £ 25 fo , : it f' arid- the purchaser _^ so far as I know , is living upon it now . ' I afterwards wanted the land back again , and offered to give . ' -65 more than ' I had received . .. _' . ' - -, _*' - ¦ ''¦¦' ' i ' ¦ .- ''"
' It was admitted on helialf of thb plaintiff that tho I several estates purchased on behalf of the National . Land Company had been conveyed to _. Mr O'Connor ; Mr . John Rbbvj * , who had heeri secretary to the Poor Law Commissioners , thought the allottees must of necessity spend their capital , and those whohad not other resources would come onthe poor-rates . Ho did not think the ! late , William Cobbett a good authority on agricultural subjects . Mr . _Anbell , " the actuary of the "Atlas Insurance Company , said , that upon the principle" stated in the rules , supposing '; the Company to start with £ 273 , 000 , it would take 150 years to locate 70 , 000 members , and the . amount of money ' necessary would be £ 21 , 000 , 000 . ¦¦ _; Upon the conclusion Of ! the evidence of this witness , who was riot cross-examined , the defendant ' s case was closed .
The _plaintiff ' s counsel then proceeded to call evidence in reply . ' ; , _'"' . _-, ' , ' , _''" _' " . '" . " ' . ' . ' ,, ! . ' Mr . PriiLir 'M'Graxit stated that he was ri director , arid also financial secretary of the Land Coriipahy . '¦ He proved the , keeping of the accounts ofthe Company , and that a Land and . _LaMiif _BaiiJ-T was estabiished by a resoliitiori of a conference held at Birmingham , ; in December 1840 . . . _;> _''¦ . ' Mr . M'Go wan proved receiving the weekly payments from the last witness , arid that he paid them into the Joint Stock Bank , the Gloucestershire Bank , or a Bank at Witney , as Mi-. ; O'Connor determined . Some monies were paid to ' Mri _Allsop , a broker ,, to bo invested in Exchequer bills . Mr . O'Connor had a private account distinct from the Land Company account ; arising out of the receipts from the Northern Star . ' ¦ ¦" ' ... i
Mr . Thomas , Price , the manager of the . Land and Labour Bank , stated that he was appointed to that situation in 1 S 47 , and that the books of the bank wero kept distinct from - ' those of the Laiid Company , nlthough the offices were under thesame ' roof and communicated . A large portion of the deposits ' of the Land and Labour Bank wore invested in Exchequer bills . The expenses bf the Bank were paid out ofthe Bank funds , and the remainder invested . — Cross-examined : The' name of the National Land and Labour Bank continued as before ' the _Change . The deposits received in the sixmon ' _ths _ending December , 1847 , amounted to ' - £ 2 . 072 ' The , deposits for the next half-year were £ 1 , 400 , and ; the last year of 1848 not so much . _: ' / ... Mr . _Cihsnert ; clerk to Mr . Robert ' s , the solicitor of the Company ; stated that he ' had , made every effort at tho instance of Mr . O'Connor to have the
Land Society enrolled , first as a friendly " society , and afterwards registered as a joirit-stock _conipaiiy . Mr . Tidd Pratt'refused to certif y that the company was within the Fricridly Societies Acts ; l and Mr . Whitmnrsh , the Registrar of Joint-Stock Companies , refused to register the deed of'settlement , although £ 608 had-beenlaid outin stamps . There was an application to the Court of Queen ' s Bench for a mandamus to cornpel the registrar ) toallow complete registration of the company , and that rule was now depending . - : - ' •' ¦¦' _" ¦ ; ' , " i ¦•' •' ¦ •'¦ . Mr . _Ghey , an accountnnt , and Mr .- FiNi . ATSOi * , the actuary ; of the _NatibiialDcbt-officej stated ihey were employed ' to examine into the _uccounts of _jthe I _^ nd Company , atthe instance of the chairman of'a committee ofthe House of Commons . ' . ' The plaintiff ' s counsel proposed to ask them ; as to the result of their investigation , hut the question was objected to , and . ' . ¦ - . , _: ¦ _.. .. ¦ ; . ¦•
The'CnEii * Baron ruled , 'that the result ; of _these ' witnesses' examination ofthe accounts was not admissable iri evidence . He had a great respeot for the House , of Commons and its committees , but although they may deerii it expedient to ; have the assistance of Mr . Grey and Mr ; Firilayson ' s opinipn upon the result of accounts , the jury could ' not have Bu ' ch testimony laid before them . ' - ' — ¦'¦ The further hear ing was adjourned until Saturday morning , at ten o ' clock . ' ;! : ¦ . _--. '
. . ¦ . - , " . — . - To The Members " O...
. _. ¦ . _- , " . — . - TO THE MEMBERS _OF-. THE- LATE METROPOLITAN CHARTIST CONFERENCE . ; ! , ' _BROinER DEMociuTS , _^ -it is witli ' reluctance ,: that I again bring my own name in . connexion with ' that of Mr .. Clark , under the . notice of ! th ' p readers ; of the Star generally , ' and yourselves in ' pai ' tieular . . ,. j Constrained hy -a sens ' eof duty arid self-respect , to ' resign my office as _. a . member of the "Provisional Committee of the National Charter . 'Association , I would have _. prefe . _ii-ed . to have followed the examp le set by Mr .-Kydd , who .. sonic days ' ago ; sent . iti his _^ resignation tothe cbinhiitt ' ee _, had not that . body decided on its iricbinpctcricytp receive the . resignation of its members , when , on a previous beca- ! sion Mr .. Kydd'tendere'd _j his resignation , i I'there- ' lore publicly- apprise yoii " of the fact , that' I ani . no longer an associate , of , 'hoi' will Ibe associated with " Thomas Clark , ' _^ Provisional _Secretai-y to the National Charter'Asso ' eiation . ' ! ' ¦
. ; . ' . In thie eyesof . all riicn of common sense , and common feeling , ' the coiirso ; I am now ; taking miist find ample ' justificiition in the correspondence which" has appeared in the Northern Star . If any think ' otherwise , ' surely thoy too will'he satisfied with this ' prdo edure on my , part , when informed that Mr . Clark has re-published the letter which appeared from hispenhrtho Star of February the 2 nd , in tlid shape bf a _pariiphlet , froiri the title page ' " of which I extract the _ipilb wing : —; ' ' ' ' . , ' ; ' AtSO A _LETTEB CoNDEMNATOHr OF . /> .. .. ; .. _I'ftlVA ™ ASSASSINATION , _, [ ' / , _< ¦ \ y AS liECOMMENDED 11 V . ., ; , ' _.- ' ; . . MB . . G . J . _nAltNEY ;! ' ¦! , ! .: . [ . _i . ; Bt * Thomas Clabk , ,. . . I .-. . .,, _i Provisional Secretary to tlie National Charter , Association .
: ' _..-. _; _..,:. Fuhlislied ; by -. , : , / ¦ „ ..-,-. . _- _Sajiuai Bookiuji , 114 , High Holborn , London . . , . Leaving tho Land members ( lam a , paid up fouracre _shai-eholder ) - to . bring Mi-.. Clark to book for transforming the National . Land Company ' s servant into a publisher , and the National Land Company ' s office into a publishing shop for the dissemination of his assassiiirlik . c libels , —I appeal to- you , as Chartists , -whether you . . . are ; satisfied ; with your Provisional Secretary '' doing . his . little best to make the National Charter . Association a party to
his infamous calumnies , ? I ask whether in self-respect I could take any ,. othor , coursb than that . of resigning my post as . a member of the Committee ? _Hndei-stand , I am no deserter , from the Chartist movement . Two or threo weeks ago I ; subscribed a _contributiori of Ono ; Pound , to tho funds , of the new association . Public meetings called to advanco Chartism I shall—as - far as I can find timc _^ -attend and t .-ike ,. parfc in . j . ; and : any ; other aid in jmy power I shall hehappy . togivo _foivthe ' ,- promotipn of the democratic cause ., - --. ¦¦ , ¦ ' _: ' ., .- '¦" .
; I have madethis letter as _jbrief as possible , . wishing to avoid further comment m this journal , on Mr . Clark's proceedings ; ,,. . If need be , I . can . [ have recourse to ; a ' nbther medium ,- , through which to settle accounts with that gentleman . .. ' . _' - ! - ' . " ¦ ¦! _,- ;• ' . I am , Brbthbr Democrat ' s , .-i ; _- . : . , Yours faithfully ,: , - Fob . 14 th , 1850 . ' G . JULIAN HARNEY .--
_ The Abmy.—It Is Suggested'that The Red...
__ The ABMy . —it is suggested ' that the reduction in thearmy will take place " in the following'manner :-20 th , SCth _, 42 nd , 44 th _,: 45 th ,-S 6 tli , _^ C 76 h ; 69 thV 76 thy 2 rid ' b ' attaIion Rifle Brigade , ' to be reduced from 1 , 200 men to 1 , 000 men , and to bo made into one battalion . The officers liableto be reduced _will'be _confcinued'on _fulKpay- until Vacancies may _obour- ' in their respective ' _rejgiments . _'f Thb Viien to be _discharged will be permitted _^ if thoy prefer it ;' to settle m the colonies . The Cth regiment is also- 'to be reduced to ono battalion of 750 men :- ' The _iith- _' 58 th , iirid CStb regiments ; now in'New-South' Wales and
New Zealand ( ns itis not in tended-to send ihem on to India ); will bereduced from l ; 000 mcfi to 750 ; arid those to-be discharged may . become settlers , -if . tliey ' -prefer it . to returning home . ' ¦ ¦ ¦ The depot s of all the single battalions abroad' in the colonies aro to be _rediiced-to thb extent of about two ' nty men each . The above * reduction to take place froiri _the'lst of April . — -Globe / ¦ ' : ¦ ' "•'•• ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ i , _-7 '" - ¦ _: •¦ " j ¦ : ¦ ' "• ' - - . _- . _Tioiie Island in the' PACiFic—On the 16 th ¦ of last October her - 'Majesty ' s steam-sloop Gorgon Commander Paynter , took ; possession j of Tigre Island in the name of the _Queony in consequence of the Honduras' _government refusing to pay theirjust debts , and returned to' the - conimandoi _' -iri-ohief oh
tlio station , - leaving a party of forty-six -Officers and men on the island ; - ' -Roar-Admirar Hornby , however ; haying disapproved ef the steps tal _^ en by . the commander , despatched the ( J 6 rgo * i 'from-eallao on the 14 th December last'to Migra Island , _to-eihbark the par ty , ' r nridto surrender the' island . - - ¦ ¦ ¦ ¦ ' . Wb ; b _' _khbV -j i it ' - is " . 'her _"Vt-ijesty's -ip _^ ention : - to . create' _Mri'tfones Xoyd-a Peer , li y'tUe title of _Baroii _Oreratjo ' _nif . " ¦ - » ' ' " ¦ _s-- r'f . > _- _' _. ; _- , * i _:-u-:: u _ji-.-u m •¦ _i- >\ hki > ., >¦< . . rd :, < _., .: _* Vir _.: _t- \ ¦ •'¦ l \ -l _!'; i «! _s . Jj
Deputation-T^Lord John„Russell On —""^ -...
_DEPUTATION-T _^ LORD JOHN „ RUSSELL ON _—""^ - _~~ THE ' PAPER- 'DUTIE ' 3 _r- *' _^^ _S-
On - Tuesday adeputation of gentlemen , representing ; paper makers ; - ' _publishera ,- and printers , in _EnglanaMd . Scotland , had - an _iinterTiew with Lord John ; Russell , in Downing-street . _^ _Amoncst those present were Mr . Clia ! rle 8 Cowan , M . P . ; Mn T . B . Crompton , Of Famworth , Lancashire ; . Mr . Bald-Win , of Shferbourne Mill , Birmingham ; Mr . Thomas _Wrifleyj of Bury , Lancashire * Mr . James Durham , aridIdr . _K Henry Bruce , -Edinburgshire ; Mr . Robert Chambers , of Edinburgh * : Mr . Charles . Knight , and Mr . W . & ' . Orr , - of London . The deputation was accompanied by Mr . Hume , M . P ., and , by Mr . Scholefield and Mr . Blair , tho _mombors respectively for Birming hamand . Bolton . '¦ ' ¦ . and made
Mr . Cowan introduced the deputation , a few general Observations . Mr Crompton said : My lord , I can assure you , with great sincerity , that I have come hither with much reluctance . I have been impelled by what I feel to be the necessity of the case . - I have been upwards of forty years an extensive manufacturer of paper , and _during all that period I have never known the branch of industry in question so unremunerativoas it is now . I willendeavour , ; as concisely as I can , to explain to your lordship some of the more palpable causes and reasons for this _ state of things , and I will point out thegross inconsiatencie ' s which exist , and of which w e . are obliged to complain . _lBt . Is it reasonable th at a raw material of a most worthless character—I mean the very refuse which is created from cotton and linen , in the process of manufacturing these substances into cloth—should bear the impost of a duty of COO per cent , upon' its cost price , when made into paper j whilst tne cotton manufacturers have succeeded in
removing a tax of only five-sixths of one-penny per lb . upon cotton imported into this country , the government having been satisfied that that very small proportion—cortainly not more than five per cent _, upon its value—was prejudicial to the : interests of the country ? . Task again ; How can it be justified that the very refuse Of the same articles should be burdened with a tax of 600 per cent , upon their value ? Now _| my lord , I will endeavour to bring under your notice some of the numerous hardships _tolwliieh paper manufacturers have been obliged to submit in consequence of tho . arbitrary and ; inconsisten t operation of the' excise . . Hero are speoi-; _inens of numerous articles brought into the market'as substitutes for paper , and , in appearance' / ' so-identically tho . same withithat article
that even I , my lord , . without marking them , could not distinguish between the real commodity and its imitation , and I will defy any other man to select the one irom the other . ( Here ' the hon . gentleman produced a number of specimens of what appeared to be paper of various qualities . ) Now , at the mere caprice of the officers of excise , the real or tho fictitious production is pronounced to he paper . One hundred per cent , is accordingly levied upon tho cost value of the ! one , while the other goes free , and it may . be interesting to your lordship , and to the public at large , to know-why . Tho bare assertion of tho fact , indeed , would scarcely be credible without the corroboration of detail . By a decision of the Board of . Excise , in order to constitute paper , the material must have
been pulverised and worked in water . It occurred to a manufacturer to take _advantwge of this official definition . He erected premises , and constructed machinery for the purpose of fabricating the very same , _materiil in a dry state . He succeeded , and challenged the Board of Excise to seize the goods , which , according to their authoritative description , could not be paper . A seizure was made ; but a compromise took place . ( The manufacturer was allowed to proceed for . a given time , onthe distinct understanding that , after its expira _tien he should discontinue his process , or subject his product to the . same , duty with that paid upon the paper manufactured in the usual way . I believe it was discontinued accordingly ; but it was subsequently revived , and is at this moment carried on—thc
goods being sold under tho name of feit , extensively substituted for paper , and distinguishable from that manufacture by . no perceptible difference except by being slightly darker in colour . Of another extreme hardship I have personally experienced' the severe pressure About two years ago a general order was issuedfrom the Board of Excise , to the eftect ' that paper to be made \ into papier mache should be . exempted from duty provided the paper were manufactured on the premises on which the _jjapier . mache manufacture was carried on , but not otherwise . ' Now , observe the operation of this . I - was under the necessity of either allowing the pap > ier mache manufacturer , to come to my premises , or of erecting paper-making machinery on his , or , finally , ! bf allowing myself to be superseded in his supply _^ Finding myself thus situated , I memorialised tlie Board of Excise , as well as the Lords Commissioners of the Privy Council forthe Affairs of
Trade , as did also my customer ' ( one of the most respectable and extensive manufacturers of pap > ier mache iri tlie kingdom ;) hut neither of us could succeed in obtaining permission for me tb send our paper under permit , giving notice to the officer of Excise to that effect , so as to be allowed a drawback : ' ; This . is but ono of a thousand of the vexatious and unjust impositions inevitably resulting from the existence of the duty , and tho consequent Excise reg ' iilfitibris ; , "As there ' are' several- ' other gentlemen desirous bf addressing your lordship , . J must conclude by _observing that the immoral tendency of this tax is such that I fear it is encouraging the most'iniquitous practices , and rapidly breaking , down the probity of the manufacturer in this trade . For wo see daily in'the market paper sold at prices at whieh no honest - ' trader- can produce it , trammelled as he is by this most oppressive and obnoxious law .
. ' Mr . James Baldwin-, from Birmingham , saidlord , I had . tho honour about a year and a half age of addressing a letter to your lordship on these uuju st . excise laws , arid , the ; answer . " I got from youi lordshrp was that ybu would , take the matter into your , serious consideration . . I . now . come . with , this deputation to offer a few ; iddifcibnal reasons for their abolition . I perceive that your lordship ' s- government is aware that the excise laws aro becoming exceedingly obnoxious , for I pbserve . you now call all the excise offices " . inland revenue ' offices . ' This convinces me . that your lordship ; is aware of the feeling of the country on this matter . Now , my lord , afew of the additional reasons _' are these ,- that I find that Birmingham , the town I corne from ,. accordirifj to its population , uses niofb _. paper in wrapr
ping and rc-wrappmg its manufactured goods thnn almost any other in the kingdom ; and to show how this acts , "before I left home I called on a few of the merchants and manufacturers , such , for instance , as Messrs . Scholefield , Messrs . Yanwarb and Co ., _Hai-rolds , Mr . W . Winfield , J . Palmer , and others . In bno of these houses I found that nearly twenty tons of wrapp ing , paper , paying £ 15 per : ton , had been , used in a year , the manufacturers of these goods having used thirty tons previously in making the saihe goods ; the merchant dealing with them used ' thirty / tons additional for the same goods ; so that , reckoning thirty per cent , _jont ' on in America , this paper duty alone made a difference of nearly £ 1 , 000 per annum in tho dealings of one house , Undei * such circumstances , how was it possible the English merchant and manufacturer could compote with the . foreign . merchant and manufacturer who did not pay duty en tho paper in which their goods
were packed ? ( Mr . ' Baldwin here showed to his lordship some scraps of button boards , out of which blanks for the insides of Florentine buttons had be ' oricut , and in which thero is a great waste mado , . though ' duty is paid on all . Thus , in tho case of the very low-priced small buttons , the duty alone raises the price ol the buttons nearly ten per cent _, is put . ) I ask your lordship how it is possiblo for lis to competo with the foreigner . And then again Iwould ask your lordship to _loelc at its effects on education . "' : My lord , I . do hope ; as you cannot sn ' y now you cannot spare the money , that you will relieve the country of _ih s unjust and "improper tax . Before I sit down , allow mc just to say that , in exporting the commoner kind of paper , the ! trouble and expense we are put to in packing for . exports amounts to from twelve to fifteen per cent ., while to-send the' same paper to Australia the carriage does riot amount to more than-about five percent .
Mr , Durham adverted to the _cn-ctimstance that the exoiso duties proved a bar to the applications of science in this branch of manufacture , and illustrated this by ' : observing that beautiful papers of certain descriptions , such : has papers hangings , -fee ., have been made in France from straw' ( soyera 1 samples of straw paper having been laid on the table b y : Jlr . ' Cowan , ) and the wondor of course is , how such an article manufactured in Prance cannot- be also done in England , whore thero is so much skill , enterprise , and capital . Ho said the excise duty must beheld chargeable with this marvellous state of things . Tho French maker has no duty or . cxciso _regiuatibnsto interfere with his experiments ; the English maker lias , and the matter works thussuppose a maker determines to experimenton 50 tons bf straw at 40 s . per ton , - * , e ., £ 100 ; now the risk , in this case , of failure ! in producing a good article is'to ' 'the extent of £ 100 , besides workmanship .
Now , suppose a loss of 20 , 30 , or per sent ., as the case iriny be on an articlo sold in the market held to be inferior or imperfect ( as all experiments and discoveries aro of course very imperfect and uncertain at first , ) this is of course a loss , but not to such an extent as to be serious , but such as might be _cbmteiriplated by any . manufacturer in making experiments with the hope of _tiltiniat ' o benefit ; biit , bn the other hand , it is quito " manifest that if , jn additibri to the price of the raw material of tho 50 tons ; , there be aiso . the duty bf £ 15 per ton , or 750 on that _quantitr , tho visit then is no longer on £ 100 and _' ori workmanship , but on £ 850 _andjworkman _' _ship , iri _, the ' case supposed—a very different matter indeed , and such as might involve ruinous , risk and loss : •' _Such'a-fearfullv increased ri 8 k prevents any prudeiit ipari attempt ' rig . experim ents or following _Up- _'aiBCorefiea' ; ' and _^ iri _^ aqt ! one party who did erect { faun iri ] England to mm paper frpiai straw , ¦ _« . _- "Ij ; ! « 'i ¦ - •¦; I' ! . _i- ¦ ¦'¦! ' ' ¦¦ " ¦'' ' ' - ' . •¦
Deputation-T^Lord John„Russell On —""^ -...
after sacrificing a largo capital in the attempt , has _% uS _^ f O _«« d _(^ EU _>^ V _^^ _nltogether ; and ther _^ e _is .. no likelihood of any _otlier party ' making sric ' hr attempts "whilst the enormous load of the excise-duties exists . _WiXVmMmfi _Saidj the . pressure _^ ; the paper duty ' Upon the business of publishing is . chiefly felt iri'the most popular class ; of publications—those addressed to the- « reat body . of ; the people . On a newspaper of largo . circulation it ; : is . very- heavy . I know a provincial journal which shows great enterprise , and upon it ' the paper duty is about _^ _OO _f _) per annum , whioh would be a profit : failing all other . On cheap literary journals , I can ; speak more definitely . .-There was one called a Miscellany of Tracts ,
which my brother and I published . It met a largo sale , and , I believe , ; was in the way of doing some good amongst the humbler classes . ; It _. rcturnad , however , so slight a profit that we gave it up , while selling to the extent of 80 , 000 copies . ! , On the whole amount of this work ; printed the duty was £ 6 , 220 . Now , this would have beena very ample profit in itself , though a mere shade upon each copy . Tlie amount of dutypaid for our publications per annum is , at an average , close upon £ 3 , 000 , which must be considered as a great burden on what it is . to all intents and purposes , a branch of the educational means of the country . In a cheap . publication , the value of paper may be set . dbwn at _nwu-ly one-fourth . _, of . .. the selling price , and considerably above one-third of the price to the . retailer . This
is in the . case of the publisher who acts with all possible advantages in his favour , such as paying ready money for every article , and acting as his own printer and binder . From these data the severity of the hurden on popular publications may be c-stimated . ' : Were the p aper duty removed , the cxis'dng publications might , in some cases ' , be reduced in price ; in others the . public would derive , a benefit from a superior , paper being used , and a bttter literature _presented . ; In all subsequent works the price-would , of course , be struck at the _lowered rate . I fully believe that , with paper at a reduced price , we . could bring out many new works of importance to tho , public which we could _notno-v with any . prudence attempt ;
Mr / C- Knioht would not detain his lordship hy adding , anything to the general argument ' -vhioh had been urged by Mr . .. Chambers , as to the discouragement of , popular literature , by the ! existence of the ; duty , ' . on paper ., ; Ho would confine his observations to . one point . " The paper tax _opwnted injuriously against all literature ; but ' _ifloi-e - especially so in the case of chea _*) publications for which high-priced skill au thorship was .. paid . He had been able to . _show'that . the duty had been a positive -burden upon the '" Penny _Cyclopaedia to the extent of £ 16 _; 500 . That work was ; undertaken under the auspices of his lordship himself , amongst other eminent , persons ; but the cost had been borne by Mr . Knight . It had never . been remunerative ; for the cost was largely increased by the natural operation of the tax upon tho price of paper . This was an example ofthe peculiar burden of the tax upon the higher kind , of literary labour , com polled
to compete with low-priced , authorship in the race of cheapness . Mr . Kuight believed that ; the great mass of-publications were tending to ch'enpj ; _cssthe good as well as the bad . ne believed , that books forthe few were fast going out of-demand , and further , that tho many would ultimately , pay tho proper rewards of good writers as well , if not hotter , than under ; the present system of a limited demand . But , with the paper duty , tho profits of a publisher employing , the best authors to produce cheap _btfoks were so curtailed by the burden of tbe tax upon the large amount of paper used for such books that the higher class of literature was deprived of its proper encouragement . The remarks of the deputation were followed up by a short but lucid arid forcible address frora Mr . Hume , on the social , moral , and commercial question involved in tlie subject ; after which the gentlemen , who had been . received-with thc greatest courtesy by his lordship withdrew .
Mpsttm,
_Mpsttm ,
"Worship-Street.—Extraordinary Arrwcatuq...
"WORSHIP-STREET . —Extraordinary _ArrwcAtuqx . —A gentleman , whose name did not transpire , but . ' who described himself as a surgeon residing at Ixwortb , in SuffoJk ,. applied to Mr . Hammill foi- his advice and assistance under the following remarkable circumstances : —The applicant stated that about a month since ho was a passenger-in ono of the trains from Bury , upon the Eastern Counties Railway , accompanied , by Captain Lloyd , a friend of his , when , upon reaching . Mark ' s Toy , the next station beyond Colchester , an , elegantly dressed woman , who had an infant with her , ' entered the carriage with a tottering step , and apparently in a
state of extreme illness ond debility , and explained tb them that she had been previously travelling in a-first-class carriage , where sho . was quite alone , but that , feeling g reatly indisposed , she had been induced to change . her place for ono . in ahothftv carriage , where there wore other _passenger ' * ' _Iie the applicant ) introduced ; himself to her asasurgeon , and-tendered his professional _services _^ f sho required them , but the lady declined his _Softer on the ground that ; her illness was solely attributable to her , being unaccustomed to the fatigue of travelling , and she appeared to have , rallied' considerably by the time the train reached the Shoreditch terminus , when he again offered his services , but she told him that they . were quite unnecessary , as her carriage
and servant ought to be waiting for her _ovicide , and . requested huh'to take charge of the ' child for a few-minutes , while she ascertained ! whether they had arrived . The lady then hastily _descends ! the steps leading from the platform , leaving with him and the captain her child and a small , trunk , which he at the time supposed contained _herlugga" _-. _' , but after waiting for moro than an hour , tlie lady did not again make , her appearance ; and " frora that timo . to the present he , had neither seen nor hoard anything , of her . After making numerous inquiries in the .: hope , of gairig some trace of her , but unavailingly , he conveyed the , infant , . which was a _fomalo child two _niunths old , to the house of a private friend of his in town , and on _takinff off its < _lothea
they discovered , attached to the inside of the dress , a , letter containing two . £ 10 notes , and epnveying a brief intimation that tho infant was the _ot- ' _.-vring of persons of tho highest respGctability / rwho would continue to , contribute all that , was requisite ' censure . its comfort and proper maintenance , upon being addressed by advertisement , ! irr , the r . ublic papers to , that effect , nnd that . tlie . little liarge would be ultimately reclaimed by its parpnts . The infant had ever since remained under the care of the friends with whom ho had first / . placed it ; but he had since received several letters upon tho subject , one of which- was from ! another , private friend of his , who . was . most anxious to ' . adopt the child , and in proof of his being actuated by anything
but a mercenary feeling , he . was desirous that the money which . had been left on its _account should bo deposited . in some savings bank for its future . benefit . This benevolent proposal , _hova-ver , he was restrained from acceding to ' , ' m consequence of a second communication having reached him from some geutleman in Devonshire , who made a peremptory claim of the child , and the property attached to if , alleging that 'he was empoweiod to do so by its mother , although ho produced nothing satisfactory in authentication of his assumed authority ; and threatened hini , inthe evenfo'f his rufusal to accede to tho demand , to adopt .. legal proceedings against him for its immediate restoration . Under those circumstances , he was totally at _-t loss
how-to act , as his only object was to relievo himsell of tlio . responsibility " so singularly imposed upon him in a manner which would bo jointly conducive to his own safety and the interests of the infant , and he was therefore induced to come to this court to obtain the opinion of the ' magistrate as to the mostndvisablo course to -be pursued ,. " The applicant described . the . contents of the box which accompanied the infant as exclusivel y ' cb ' _nsistii- g of wearing apparel of a tasty and expensive description , and adapted for a female child , and '/ havinu expressed his conviction that the infant ' s hiothor was a ' married woman , from the circumstance oi noticing a wedding ring upon her finger , and that a portion of the clothing , though still in _oxcollenfc condition , was , sli htly , worn in various places , added ,, that ho liad been subject ti ) great expense , trouble , and annoyance , from the unpleasant position in which he had been placed , and had been
compelled to conic up expressly to town , leaving his patients in the country wholly unattended to , that he might be put in thc way of adopting some measure by which this , to him harrassirig affair , might he brought- to a satisfactory conclusion . —Mr . Hammill said , that it was certainly a very -singular and unusual application , and he regretted exceedingly that ho could not render tho : gentleman any effcctua'l ' assistaiico ; but he would suggest that the best course for _tlio-ipplicsiiit . to pursue would be to placo the infant-in the hands of the officer of the parish in whose district it had . been ' abandoned , and thev , he had no doubt , would take such steps as would release him from ' all further responsibility , and very probnblV leadto the discovery of the poison who had abandoned the child to tlio care bf strangers in such an unnatural manner . — The applicant thanked the magistrate for his advice and quitted the court . ' . ; ' .
Austrian Imrudexc**.—The Vienna ' .Paper...
Austrian iMruDExc _** . —The Vienna ' . paper , the Lloyd , of the 3 rd ; inst . ; , asserts that an Austrian fleet is preparing to sail for -Greece ,. ! to oppose the proceedings ef Sir . William Tarke * " and the English squadron . . . / ; . SLEEr . —The poet _Touuffsnys— 'Sleep is groat Nature's second . _csuvse-pthe balm of hurt minds . ' Johnson sajs—* It is tlie parenthesis of human woe . ' Sleep being thus _ajv preciated by / hinrikind ; how desirous ought we to be _tliitfc allshould _trartqullly eiyoy ' _sweftt repose , ' the general obstruction to which is thought an unhealthy _action of the liver or other _vleocra . A little attention to the ' joung disease , ' by having recourse' to _^ _miM aperient , often prodijtces . the . most _, salutary . effect , " , nnd . " for ¦ such _purpose _Frampton's , HU of ; _HeHlUi " . * t _'* ihd 9 ' vvomiu ' e ' _iit iu _publta opinion ;•'; '' _- ; ' ' ' " ;' . ; ' _- ' . v . ' '' . " ,. ' '""'"''' . ' .. " _'" _, _" !
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), Feb. 16, 1850, page 5, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/ns3_16021850/page/5/
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