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Cuaftes' flaobemeitt^
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Wirtist fiuteiiipme
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TO THE INDEPENDENT ELECTORS A?fD NON-ELECTOKS OF EDINBURGH.
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Note: This text has been automatically extracted via Optical Character Recognition (OCR) software. The text has not been manually corrected and should not be relied on to be an accurate representation of the item.
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Guileue v ~ &s there is every prospect of a general election very speedil y taking " place , I beg leave to offer myself as a candidate for your suffrages , upon purely Conservative principles — upon principles which , in my opinion , must be adopted to secure tfce pie-eminence that England has so long boasted of . Pevuaps it is " but right , ttiat in Has age of actfte thought and boasted inconsistency , as necessary to keep pace with the march of mind and progress of
commerce , that I should state my Vujwb clearly and explicitly . 1 am , then , an advocate for annual Parliaments ; because 1 find that what is thought virtus and policy to-day are considered rice and ignorance I to-morrow . It is because I find that a Parliament elected in 1841 was obliged to Tiolate ite pledges in 1 S 12 , and to confess its ignorance in 1846 , that I look , for a representation as active as the circumstances Khicli it is called upon to govern , and I think it should bean emanation from that mind rather than * ts controller .
1 am for giving the Tote to every man of twentyone years of age , of sound mind , aud not in prison u a felon—because all other systems of representation have failed , and because it is impossible to cause an equitable distribution of the wealth of the country unless those who produce it have the power of electing those who shall make laws for its government . I am for equal representation , because I hold it to be ridiculous that nine or ten dukes and peers should elect one-tenth of the representative body of the country , while those who produceallitswealthshould be debarred the" privilege of veting . . <
I am for abolishing property qualification for members of Parliament , and for making the choice of the electors the only test of fitness , as is now the case in Scotland . I am an advocate for this principle , because , with the most extended representation , class legislation mast exist so long as the electors must select an individual having £ 600 a-year for a county , au& S 3 \ H > a-year for a city , town , or borough—as is now the case in England , Ireland , and "Wales .
I am fur the payment of members ; because I believe , firstly , that the servant is entitled to his wages ; secondly , because it is the only mode by which the corrupt practice of bribing members by places and pensions can be destroyed ; andthirdly , because it is Absolutely necessary to give honest poverty and intelligence an equal chance with wealth and ignorance . Ih a word , gentlemen , I am for the People ' s Charter , with the exception of the ballot ; and I am not for that , because I consider it an insult to put a mask upon an honest face , and because I would consider it unnecessary if the electoral body was so extensive as to defy the snares of the wily and the machinations of the wealthy .
Gentlemen , I am induced to offer myself for the representation of jour ancient city , because I , perhaps , like many of you , considt r Mr . Babington Macauley as a most unfit and improper representative . I shall reserve the fuller development of my political views until I have the honour of appearing before you , which I pledge myself to do npon the next opportunity , and to stand the contest with allopponents that may then present themselves . I have the honour to remain , Gentlemen , Your obedient servant , Feacgcs O'Coxsob .
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TO THE IRISH . LABOURERS AND TRADESMEN RESIDING IN GREAT BRITAIN . Feiaow CoCMsriiEs , —It has always given me great pain to see my brave , honest , hard-working countrymen driven from , forced from the land of their forefathers , to seek a precarious subsistence in another country . Do you know how it happens that so many of you have been forced to leave your' native land since IS 2 i ) ? Prior to that period there were comparativel y few of you in England . Prior to that period most of you had neat cottages , some land , and a great many of you were forty shilling freeholders . IIow comes it ,
then , that you have been hunted out of your country like wild beasts ! J 4 y poor fellows , you do not know . Little you know of the manner in which you have been sold , betrayed , banished ; but , fellow countrymen , you shall have a full and true account of the plan laid for your destruction , signed by your betrayer , in th * Star of Saturday , the lith init . Tile drawing of the Bill , or Act of Parliament ^ for your banishment fromthe land of your birth , the land which you love so dearly , avowed , and acknowledged , and under the hand and seal of the man in whose honour you confided , signed by the man for whom you were , and still are , ready to lay down your lives .
You are cheated , sold , betrayed , banished , for money and office by the very man in whom you put jour whole trust ! God forgive him' for I do not , nor cannot ! As yet , tut one part , or " wing , " as he called it , of his still-born Bill has been carried into effect ; the other " wing , " the " clerical" one , has not become law yet ; but the devil is hard at work to carry it also . In order to prepare you for this infernal scheme , by which yon have been ruined , destroyed to such an extent , that in 1 S 27 , there were more Chartists
in Ireland than there are inhabitants in it now altogether . Well , then , the constitutions proposed for Catholic Emancipation by your betrayer were two , which this archfiend called " wings . " One of which was the dc&jranchiianent of tlte forty shilling freeholders . The other was the payment ofthe Catholic dergy , and die nomination of the Catholic Bishops by the British Sovereign ! Here is corruption with a vengeance ! I shall say no more , but leave you to judge for yourselves , when you see the thing itsetf . Patrick . O'Uiggixs . Dublin , March 3 , 184 G .
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MURDER AT ST . DELIER'S , JERSEY . The town and neighbourhood of Sand-street were on Friday afternoon thrown into a state of treat excitement" in consequence of a report of a murder having been committed on the person of Mr . Centenier Le Cronier , by a woman of the name of Le Gendre , at a detestable haunt of vice well known under the appellation of " Mulberry Cottage . " The house in question is the same in whbh a riot latelv took place , and from whence several abandoned females were lodged in the hospital , and several young men beaten andsome severely wounded . The occurrence of this melancholy affair , we learn took plaee under the Mowing circumstances : — '
It appears , that Centenier Le Cronierwas drawiug up a report against the parties who were lodg ed in gaol on Sunday week , for creating a riot at Le Uendre ' shouse . The Centenier wanted information on some points , and therefore , accompanied bv police officer Manuel , he repaired to the house where the riot occurred , in order to ascertain the facts he required , aud to lodge Le Gendre and his " wife" in gaol , so sa to ensure their presence in court this day . The ktter course he deemed the most sure , and accordingly , when he arrived at ike house , he said he was come to arrest them , unless they gave security for their appearancein court .
The woman became excited , and exclaimed that she wonld neither go to gaol nor give security . The police said it was useless to resist , as they were come on purpose to arrest them , if they did not give security ; when the woman rushed at Centenier with a large knife , which , it is said , she held in her hand beneath her apron , and plunged it deeply into his abdomen on the right side , exclaiming , " Take that , you , that ' s my security . " Thekuifc penetrated to a considerable extent , inflicting a frightful wouud , from which the bowels protruded . Mr . Le Cronier instantly exclaimed , "Oh , I ' m stabbed—I ' m a dead man " and called two er three persons who werepresent to bear witness that he was about to pronounce his will—which was , that his wife should have ouctliird of his property more than what thelaw allowed kr .
Mr . Le Cronier was taken to the house of Mr . ifcnet , currier , aad medical assistance was sent for ; messengers were also despatched for advocates Godfray and LeSueur , to reduce Mr . Le Cronier ' s will to writing . They both repaired to the spot immediately , when the instrument was drawn up , amidst the tears and lamentations of the relatives andfriends oi the dying man . Mr . U . Manuel , also a police officer , had a narrow escape of his life by the same wretch and murderous instrument , she having made a stal > at him , but which he fortunately avoided by quickly moving aside , and darting from the house to the street . » lien she fouud she had failed in her attempt « he threw the knife over a wall into the adjohuV l . reaists , where it was found and given in charge to Mr . lucnard , of Sand-street .
Imiueduitely after the blood y deed was perpetrated , the man Le Gendre madelus escape from the house aud was pursued bv ^ erai persons , who succeeded in capturing him near Minden-pkce , from whence he was taken to gaol , where the murderess had previously bttt-M lodged . Satckdat , Half-past Twelve . —Since the above was wntKn . it is our painful duty to state that tl » 3 unfortunate victim , Mr . Le Cronier , has just died , flis loss to the coniuiHuitj will be severely felt ; as a xealous officer of police , he was ever on the alert where iiia duty and patriotism called him , and fwelaost m cverj g . ^ ,. of jjujgef that ejne uuuer bis notice . He js deeply regretted in h lr . r « e circle oi friends , aud his death ltujt be deenlv felt by his bereavtd relatives
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We have no later news of importance respecting Tt T'lE WAR IN INDIA . It is stated , on the authority of a private letter , from an omcer high in command , written on the banks of the Sutlej , and dated Dec . 28 th ,. that the Sikhs have all crossed the river , and are encamped on the other side ; which ; if true , is a pretty clear intimation that there will be hard fighting on the other side of the Sutlej , when once the British in turn assume the offensive . We are again compelled by press of matter to postpone our promised article on this murderous war . | The most important news of the week , for the people of this country , is the intelligence from
THE UNITED STATES of the refusal of the American government to submit the question of their , and the British claim to the Oregon territory to a court of arbitration ; followed by the important news of the adoption , by the House of Representatives , of the resolutions providing for the abrogation of the convention of 1827 . An outline of the correspondence between the British' Minister and the American Secretary of State , together with the resolutions adopted , will be tbund in another column . It appears that the members who voted for the resolutions were democrats , 121 ; Whigs , 37 ; natives , 5 ° ; total , 1 G 3 : against the resolutions there
were democrats , 15 ; Whigs , 37 ; native , 1 ; total , 54 . Majority for the resolutions , 109 . There were only three members absent—two democrats and one Whig . All the members from South Carolina voted against the notice but one . This is a significantfact , as it points to a similar course on the part of the Senators from that state . The votes of members from the other southern states were pretty equally divided . The probability is that the resolutions have also passed the Senate ; indeed , of that there can be no reasonable doubt ; the question must , therefore , now be brought to a speedy " settlement" either bj peaceable or forcible means .
lhemost interesting of European news ig the re ported progress of
THE INSURRECTION IN POLAND , of which some details will be found in another column . These details , taken , for the most part , from German papers in the pay , or under fear of the German despots , must be received with great caution . Seeing the Bide these papers are compelled to take , we infer that the insurrection is marching through Poland , notwithstanding all the efforts of the German journals to make Western Europe beliuvu the contrary . It appears that the Bishop of Geissnen and Posen has been arrested , and lodged in the fortress of Grandentry . French outbreaks are reported to have taken place in Gallicia ( Austrian Poland ) . The arsenals and prisons ( where political prisoners are confined ) are everywhere the object of
attack ; and it is a remarkable feature of this movement that in Gallicia the " proprietors" are more obnoxious to the people than even the agents of the government ; severe conflicts have taken place between the peasantry and their masters , and several " proprietors" are said to be prisoners in the hands of the patriots . Communism Las been of late making rapid progress in Poland , particularly in Gallicia ; even in Posen the " conspirators" are reported to have promised the land to the peasantry , and hence the enthusiasm of the latter . Letters from the Danube of the 20 th ult ., state that a report was abroad that a revolution , similar to that of 1830 , had broken out in Warsaw . It is said that an insurrection has also burst forth in Lithuania . In the
extracts from the German papers , our readers will see some account of the insurrection in Cracow , provoked by the insolent invasion of the Austrian troops . Letters from Breslau , of the 25 th of February , state that the patriots have gained possession of the city , and driven out the Austrians . It was said that the Russian aud Austrian agents at Cracow had been killed . We take the following from the Augsburg Algemaine Zdtung , of Feb . 28 th : — " At this moment ( at an hour when the half of our impression is printed off ) we receive accounts from Vienna , dated Feb . 25 th , which state that General V . Collins , thinking it advisable , with the few Austrian troops
under his command , to evacuate Cracow , because the insurgents round Cracow were increasing to such large masses that he heard they might gain the important passage over t-e Vistula Podgoreze , and thus carry the revolution far into the country , had retreated , without being attacked by the insurgents , to his former position , Podgoreze . " Our prayers are for the success of the insurrection . Should the straggle last much longer , it is possible tkat the German despots may find work enough cut out for them at home . Europe is weary of the denunciation oi these crowned and privileged ruffians . In
GERMANY the festival in memory of Luther was celebrated all over the Protestant states on the 18 th . In Bavaria no public solemnity was allowed . In Austria all was silent , the silence of death ! Private letters from Frankfort yive the outline of what is going on in the sessions of the Diet . Prince Metternich is said to be " as busy as the devil in a gale of wind , " devising coercive measures against the Germau Catholic Dissenters and the press . The south of Germany is threatened with an Austrian intervention , which , if
it takes place , will at least afford to the Poles and Italians a favourable opportunity of settling long standing accounts . The imbecile King of Prussia , in the midst of revolutions and coming revolutions , i .-i passing his time in discussing "confessions of faith" with the municipal council of Breslau . Nero fiddlimj while Kome was burning was the personification of wisdom compared with this pietietic fool , who bid 3 fair to be remembered by posterity , bv the side « . f our James II ., who " lost three kingdoms for a mass . "
The news from FRANCE is but of trifling import . On Thursday , the editor of the Gazette- de France was sentenced , by the Court of Assizes of Paris , to ene year ' s imprisonment and 3 , 0 ( K ) f . fine , for an article containing attacks against the rights which the King derives from the choke of the nation . The " traitor of the barricades" is intriguing to accomplish a reconciliation with the tyrant Nicholas ; at the same time the Poles in Paris are placed under the surveillance of the police . Tiie Italian refugees are favoured in the like manner . The accounts from SPAIN ihow the new Ministry to be alread y in trouble , and , it is believed , on the point of breaking up . Letters from
ITALY state , that the publication of the depositions of the Polish nun , Macrina Mieczyslaska , had given great offence to the Pope ; Cardinal Lambrushini had addressed a note to the ambassador of Russia , II . de Boutenieff , in which he protested against a publk-atiun which , he said , could only have been made by parties desirous to disturb the good understanding , and impede the negotiations pending between the Holy See and Rn * a ! : i . We predicted this at the very time that the triple-crowned , triply-infamous old hypocrite was shedding his crocodile tears ov « r the recital of the sufferings of the poor Polish nuns .
Letters from Leghorn state , that about fifty persons Lave been arrested at Pesaro and Gano , in the Roman States . Some others had contrived to elude the search of the police , and amongst them Count Montevecchi , belonging to one of the first families in the country . The individuals compromised in tha Lite affair at Rimini , who to the number of twentytwo had set sail on the Adriatic , but had been bliged from stress of weather to put into Fiume , inDalmatia , have been given up by Austria to the Papal government . They lately arrived in an Austrian vessel at Ancona , and have been shut up in the fort . Fr om
ALGERIA we have the usual news—namelv , Marshal Bugeaud trying to catch Abd-el-Kader ; and , as Punch has it-He made the most perfect arrangements For catching him ere he started . But whenever he got To a suitable spot , Aba-tl-Kader had just departed . When the Marshal after him trundled , To secure the rascal trusting , All at once he'd appear , And annoy his rear In a wanner the most disgusting . There was great expectation in Paris , But to the War Minister ' s sorrow , The telegraph ' s tale Ilan thus , without fail , " The capture ' s put off till to-morrow . "
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TIIE INSURRE CTION IN POLAND . ( From the German papers ) Wmsnz , 10 th Februarr .-A very fortunate event is the arrest of the moit important Polish chiefs winch was effected 1 yesterday and last night Among th areiwo of the greatest nobk- , the Counte § ' ante slud Constan ... . ki , one ot whom r ^ sr *^ tLc ° ^^ . "Sr liiusuw , tebrnary lSt ! i . _ A very eminent PolMi landowner has been arrested in Osuwo , and con
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veyed Posen . Ostrowo itself the agitation was so great that the magistrates found it S ~ V adtressthe assembled citizens . TheTrStT p ™ miKionor has dissolved the Resource KS , Posek , February M ^ Tfc ^ 'SSfJgkiMi A nch landowner was yesterday broneht W » r „ B L , iff * ? ' ve ^ tffjtSkia with baU and the hussars received y ^ eS sXes Sentilof - LargC 8 UmS in S ° W £ c been wi ^ qvhVrhKsittl ^ iSSSriSi T ^ , ? iave been found ' written « iih umsible chenncal ink . The nlofc «** to ha ™ to
several Z r - * V ettin S ^ ** ^ ' » SS £ aces'Itonce and themembers had provided t en selves with the Polish uniform . The outbreak n 21 T ^ ^ supported by similar movements m other places The public offices were all disposed oi and 1 rincc Czartonski , in France , was designated is KiiiE of Poland . How much truth there may be in all these reports will soon appear from the judicial investigations . Tue Cologne Gazette publishes the following letter from Vienna of the 23 rd uit . ;—"THe state of public opinion in Gallicia has had its influence npon the Poles of our Polytechnic Institution .. Tbey have consequently beeu subjected to a strict surveillance . On thu night of tlie 21 st , sk students belonging to the School of Artillery , which furnishes officers tor the array , disappeared , and it is supposed that they have gone to Guliicia to join the insurgents .
The jiu ^ sfcur ^ Gazette publishes the Mowing intelligence from Cracow : — " At ten o ' clock at night on the 21 st a skyrocket was sent up at a short distance from the Botanic Gardens , nnd was generally regarded as the signal for revolt . The Austrian General ( Goiin ) immediately ordered half a squadron and a company of infantry into the town . Between four and five in the mornsns the troops were attacked . A very murderous fire was directed against them from the windows of the
urmcipal square . The troops , however , repulsed the aggressors , who had a great many people killed , torty prisoners were captured , for the most part inhabitants ef Cracow . The Austrian troops had five men and one officer killed . Several bands of armed peasants had come up to the gates of the town , but uad not ventured upon an attack . A picket of twenty-five Austrian horse had been attacked on the territory oi the Countess Potocka , by a band of peasants , and the officer commanding it had received a severe wound . "
'i he Prussian Universal Gazette of the 2 < th ult announces that the latest intelligc-tc from the territory of Cracow was not satisl ' aetorT , and that the insurrection had gained ground . Orders had been despatcucd to concentrate a considerable bodv of troops on the frontier , to act in concert with the other protecting powers , to restore order . The Frankfort German Journal of the 1 st inst . states thattiie insurrection at Cracow had assumed a serious character , and that tlie Austrian troops had been repulsed . At Jovorzno an insurrection had broken out on the arrival of an Austrian detachment sent toarrest the priest . The soldiers were disarmed , and seventy prisoners set at liberty .
IMPOMMiT NEWS . FROM AMERICA . ALL ARU 1 TJCAT 10 X REFUSED BY THE AMERICAS
GOVERNMENT . Liverpool , Moxbay Evkmko .. —By tho packet-ship Patnck Ilenrv we have received New lock advices to the 3 ch ult . inclusive . It appears that Mr . President Polk has officiall y announced to Congress tht determination of the American government to refute all arbitration on the Oregon question . The following is an outlinp of this important correspondence between our minister , Mr . Pakenham , and the American Secretary of State , and whica , on the 7 th , was communicated to Congress . The first dispatch is
dated—Dec . 13 th , 1815 . —Letter to Mr . M'Lane from Mr . Buchanan , askiug Air . M'Lane ' s opinion whether the military preparations makiui : in England are for us : and requesting him to ask Lord Aberdeen . Jan . 3 rd , 1 S 4 G .-Rcply of Mr . M'Lane to above , lie had an interview with Lord A ., who said the British government was obliged to look co tlie possible unavoidable result of the controversy with the U . b ., and , in that case , the preparations would be found useful and important . But they had other and general objects . Mr . M'Lane ' s own opinion is , that a portion of the preparations are peculiarly adapted for , and adapted to a war with the U . S " He says that Great Britain will act promptly and vigorously at first , so as to bring the war to a speedy conclusion .
27 th Dec , 1845 . —Letter from Mr . Pakenham to Mr . Buchauan . Admits that negotiation has failed , and , as a last res ource * proueses to leave the question of a just partition of the territory to a third and disinterested party . 3 rd January , ' 1846 . —Answer of Mr . Buchanan to above . The President will not submit any question but that title , because he had taken the ground on the 29 th August that our title was clear te the whole ot Oregon ; and he won't submit that , because he cannot take from the control of the people of the United States a question of territorial right , and leave it to a forei gu power . 3 rd January , 1846 . —Mr . Pakenham , in reply , intorms Mr . Buchanan that he will transmit Mr . Polk ' t decision to the British minister at London .
16 th January , 1 S 46 . —Letter from Mr . Pakenham to Air . Buchanan . Reminds the government of the Uuited States that if the United States claimed the whole of the Oregon , that Great Britain also asserted certain rights in the territory , for which he a > ked as much consideration from the U . S . as the U . S . expected to receive from Great Britain for her pretension . He proposes , if the United States have an objection to kings , to submit the question to the arbitration of a mixed convention , with an umpire , or to a body of distinguished civilians . He proposes to meet the views of the United States by submitting the question of title , and in case it bo found that neither party has a title to the whole , then to submit the question of equitable partition .
4 th Feb ., 1846 . —Answer to the above . The President absolutely refuses arbitration . In the course ot his letter Mr . Buchanan states that , " To no uower , however intelligent or respectable , nor to aiiy body of citizens , could the United States consent to refer a claim of a character like that she possesses to the Oregon territory . " LATER , AND HIGHLY IMPORTANT NEWS . Bv a private merchant vessel accounts have been received from the States up to the 11 th ult . On the 9 th the following resolutions passed the House of Representatives : —
" Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America , in Congress assembled , that the President of the United States cause notice to be given to the government of Great Britain , that the convention between thu United states of America and Great Britain , concerning tlie territory of the north-west coast of America , west of the Stony Mountains , of the 6 th Au » ust , 1827 , signed at London , shall be annulled and abrogated in twelve months after giving said notice . " 2 . And be it further resolved , that nothing herein contained is intended to interfere with the right aud discretion of the proper authorities of the two contracting parties to renew or pursue negotiations for an amicable settlement of the controversy respecting the Oregon territory . " For tke resolutions , 1 ( 53 ; against , 5 i ; majority , lOtT .
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The Explosion near Dover . —On Friday Mr . De Lasaux , agreeably to his resolution , held an inquest at the Royal Oak , Folki-stone-road , parish of llougham , on view of the bodies of the eight men wUo were killed on the spot , of the several names of flatten , Cook , Russell Payne , Wilson , Richards , Ruck , and Kendall . Verdict- " Killed by the explosion of a large quantity ot gunpowder , but how it became ignited there is no evidence to show " A subacnption in behalf of the bereaved families " of the unfortunate men , headed by the directors of the South Eastern . Railway Company with the sun . of one hundred gums , has been opened at the banks , libraries , &c . ' Fatal Accibbsi oxthk ltm : it . ~ 0 n Tuesday afteniwni two persons , munwl Christopher Reed and James Durm , were sailing a small skiff , with a main and foresail set , off BaUcrsea , the wind blowing vm
strongly irom the S . W ., when sudden , th ° ^ capsized , and a loud cry iorasbistiii . ee was , heard from the two unlortunate ; persons , who were stru « HinE for life in the water A tahx-nnan , named J , m « , " owed with all . < peed to the spot , and su cceeded with great difficulty m rescuing Mr . Dura from a watery grave , but his unfortunate hu-nd Mr . Reed wan drowned Both parties were perfectl y sober , and experienced in the iiiaiiii » cnient of bwits . i . Some fine specimensi of animals and birds were anded ui London on ihursday afternoon , «» James Watts , from Havre , for the Surrey Zoological Gar-« ens . Amongst them is a , large Russian deer , the hair on whose body is nearly 2 feet 8 inch-s long , lliere is aUo a gigantic baboon , called tho MaucuTa baboon , standing seven feet in height , and said to bosses herculean strength .
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MII STRIKE , IN LANCASHIRE . AVe are nortftj ^ state that the Miuera of Bolton . Lh . tie Lever , Barj ^ HKlaerabor , ' and the surrounding die triets , are etiU out of employment , as will be gees by the following : —^ .. .. .. . TO THE C 0 ^ Ml NIB 8 , 0 FSC 0 TtAKl ) .-. Btethren ,-We , the coal mram ofXancasl . ire , beg to call your attention to the struggle now existing between the coal proprietors and thc . r workmen ,, ^ . the Bolton , Bury , and Grounding dutneta . tnutag . that ybuWiU come forward and ' give ub your asHBtaAfe lu ' sfecirins the triumph of labour ovw tie unjust ag ^ mwdns of capital . In the district above alluded to , we have upwards of 1 , 400 of our follow-workmen who htwe'fceu driven , from their employments , because they sought to oh ' tiiin a 8 liKht advance of wacos .
by » restriction ' of their hours ' of labour j they have , despite a great number of adverse . circumgtitnceR , main , tamed a comfert > ywa ' rQ B of » ii'Week ' s ; many of them have beeu ditriafrom their ' homc 8 , and theiirVaiiiiliesex . posed to soYeWft-ivations * because tiiey dsired to hskfor such an adrriicVas would enable them to earn four sliill Hugs for eighthours of dangerous and arduous toil . We thereforerequeit you will take their cake into your most serious consideration , and ' iio » lL in your power towards their suppor ^ for you may be assured ( al though you ure at so great a-uiitanec ) , should they " be unsuccessful , it will be the prelude to considerable encroachments upon yourselves ^; «< uir UWnJovers , who , ' 4 CtUttted by the same selfish ana uvariciouB motives " which govern ours , will be ready tu take advantage of the defeat of so great a num .
berof memn our county to redaceyour wages . We now leave the matter with you . and in conclusion refer you to our ownexertionRin behalf of the men of the north during t . ieir protracted struggle ; not because we think you re . quire anything to stimulate you beyond being made acquainted with the facts of the case , but only as a proof , should circumstances occur among yourselves having a tendency to induce you to miiUnce of oppression , we fhould be found at our post with a firm determination to give you all the pecuniary aid in our power . Signed on behalf of the miners of Lancashire . W . Guocott , county secretary , No . 1 , Camplin ' s-buildings , Mount-street , Ancoate , Manchester . Money orders niny bu sent either to the above address , or to Mr . Charles Meadowcroft , Astley-Street , Dukinfield , Cheshire .
Katiokal Abbociation op United Tbadeb . — The Central Committee met at the Trade * ' Office , 30 , Hydt . street , Bloomebury , on Monday , March 2 nd , Mr . J . Bunll , vice-president , in the chair . Apiongst other communicatious letters were read from Mr . Squires , containing the adhesion of the framework knitters of lluddington ; from Mr . Roebuck , containing the adhesion of tht framework knitters of Hyson-green , Notts ; from Mr . Crowther , cotttainin , ; the adhesion of the wooleombers of Myihoimrojd ; from llr . Brodie , containing the adhesion of the tin-plate workers of Wolverhampton ; from Mr . Thorne , announcing that the tin-plate workers of Birmingham hart held a meeting , at which they had expressed their determination to join the " United Trade * . " The Central Committee resolved unanimousl y te petition the House ot
Commons , to address her Majasty for mercy and a free luvrdon to the Welsh martyrs , Frost , Williams , and Jones . Baknsley Dbebsers—We , the dressers employed in Messrs . Pigott and Newton ' s powcr-Ioom factory , Barnsley , arc constrained to lay our grievances before a discriminuting and impartial public , in eonsequence of the Hbove gentlemen attempting to make a desperate nnd un . warrantable inroad on our wages , which , if we tamely submit to , will amount to no less than 60 per cent . —a very delicate stroke for a commencement . The origin Of the dispute is as follows : —In the dressing of ticks , our masters had been paying u 6 wetkly wages , which they proposed to chatge and pay us by the piece , which said piece-work , according to their proposal , would be a re . ductioB of considerably more than half , as stated above . Mr . Richardson has also imitated the beautiful low wage tystem according to the example setbv Messrs . Piijottand
Newton , and both parties have now botchers in the placet of the men who have nobly refused to be their degraded vassals . This exposition is callsd for by Mr . Pigott telling the public that we can earn 2 Ts . per week , and that we refuse to work at all . We hare to complain of several vexatious annoyances practised by Messrs . Pigott and Newton towards their work people , which is no advantage to them as ^ nasters , but purely for the purpose of aggravating and injuring the operatives . For instance , they regularly require us to change tlie beams from on » fabric to another , which said change loses the workman in drabbets , half a day—in ticks , a day ; and w « have nothing for that unnecessary loss of time , whereas two days would clear the beams , iu the regular order Of work , ing . And mor«—where the change is absolutely nec « s . sary , it is the regular rule , as well us the workman ' s undoubted right , to be paid for the time thus taken up , which is his sacred property . —By order of the Committee .
TDBH . ODT in Manchester . —On Monday morning there was a general turn-out of the joiners and carpenters employed iu this town . The number who left their employment was about 3 , 000 . The object sought by the liieu was an advance of wages from Ms . to 23 s . per week . The men employed at sixteen establishments , about 1 , 500 in number , returned in the course of the morning to their work , their employers having complied with their demaud , and there is no doubt that the remaining number will not remaia out of employment mauy days , as the demand fur their labour is unusually pressing . Several hundreds of the bricklayers also turned out the same day , and have not yet returned to their work .
The Saiioks op Hum , are on striko for wages . The seamen ot other ports are cautioned not to take tlie berths of the Hull sailors for under wages .
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MH . JOHN DARLINGTOH , OF CHARNOCK RICKARD LANCASHIRE , AND UIS COLLIERS , AGAIN ! On Saturdav last four colliers . Matthew Ollerton , Seth Turner , Edward Potter , and Thomas Robinson , were brought up by writ of habeas torpora , obtained three days previously , by Mr . W . P . Roberts , their attorney , before Mr . Justice Williams , one of the Justices of the Court of Queen ' s Bench , .-. t his chambers , in Rolls Garden , Chancery-lane , for the purpose _ of obtaining their discharge , upon the grounds , chiefly , that the agreement under which the men were bound to John Darlington , coal master , of Charnock Rickard , Lancashire , and for the alleged breach of which they had been committed to the House of Correction at Kirkdale , for different periods , from oue to three months to hard labour , was illegal , and void , by reason of its want of mutuality . There' were other objections to the warrants of commitment , but tho ubave one was that on which Mr . Roberts principally rulied .
On the above day the keeper of the gaol brought up , with the men , the causes of their detainer , in obedience to tin ; verit . This consisted of a roll of parchment of about seven yards long , setting out thenhoW proceedings very fully . The return , indeed , looked most formidable , and the proceedings of tho magistrate were supported by Mr . Cowling , of tlie northern circuit , with Mr . Gaskell , the prosecutor ' s attorney , from Lancashire , and Mr , Faulkner , nf the firm of Gregery , Faulkner , aud Co ., Bedford-row . Tlie application for the discharge of the men was supported by Mr . HuddlesUu ( Mr . Bodkin , who was also retained , was uuable to attend ) and Mr . W . I . Roberts .
Tha case was quite similar to that of Jacob Ogden , which was reported in our columns of the 14 th February last ; yet , notwithstanding the lesson taught Mr . Darlingtou on that occasion , when the judge before whom it was heard expressed a strong opinion as to the illegality of the agreement , aud that it certainly was a proper question for the decision of the Court of Queen ' s Bench , and at once discharged Ogden , the master was obstinately determined , if possible , to uphold this agreement against law or right , and therefore prewired tlie committal of Ollerton , and the other three , for leaving their work under it , as Mr . Darlington alleged ; though the men declare that they were told to go when they refused to riddle" theeoal , whi ch they had not agned to do , and which considerably tacreuieu their labour without adding to their wages . °
After a long argument , in which the prosecutor ' s counsel strongly urged Mr . J . Williams to decide upon the validity of the objections , and in particular that on » against the legality of the agreement , it being a matter of such consequence to the prosecutor ( to whom so many other men were bound under a similar one , and who might all leave their work if Ollerton aud the other * were discharged on bail ) to have the matter decided at once ; the judge observed , toat he could not help the consequences tbat might arise from liberating the men—there were two aides to be considered
—and that it was so important a matter that the opinion oi the full court ought to be takeu . That he should , therefore , discharge the men on bail to abide the decision of the court next term . The poor fellows , who were present during the argument , were immediately liberated , Mr . Roberts , their attorney , entering into the required recognisance , and they were sent home the same evening to their wives and children , not a little delighted , though they had the fullest confidence in the exertions 6 f theii indefatigable attorney , Mr . Roberts , being crewned wiih success ; but upon witnessing the formidable array of counsel , attorneys , and yards of parchment against them , they naturally fult a little doubt and alarm lest they might be agaiu consigned to the jaol whence they ' had been brought .
Thun , again , has thulawof tlie land triumphed over " justice ' s law , " and the masters been taught that thoy csiinot oppress their workmen with impunity .
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1 ' eace ! Peack!— We understand the Glasgow Aati-War Society has requested all the ministers of Glasgow to preach to their congregations on the subject ot ucace , on the Brst Sabbath of March , aud has sullied them with peace publications .
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THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE TO THF MEMBERS OF THE NATIONAL CHARTER ASSOCIATION . yUAmtR FRiENDa ,--The period for which we were appointed , to serve as oihiers in the noble cause of Chartism is fast approximating to a close , and in apprising you ot the' duty- which will consequently devolve upon you ,., wo ieel bound to call your attention to the positiori which we now hold as a party in this mat ciAintty , and at the sume time to invite your aliention to the Jine of conduct which we have pursued ¦ since ; we were first honoured with the confidence'of nJiV \ r a t ' ° % Inglandng iVt <""• Past career we hndtort to excie regret than might be expected , when it . is considered now much cause wo lme had to justify apathy on our Bar ^ K lilte
BF 35 " 38 i us hl our " ^ p * * « ££ push the political emancipation of the workin » classes ,. The massof the p ^ le , who ought to have made common cause with us , have not done so at least in a substantial manner ; but at that we are not astonished , as we have searched in vain through the record of revolutions for an example of the im 5-titudc rising spontaneousl y , and of themselves establishing the liuerty of tlieiv country . The splendid achievements which shed a lustre on particular epochs ot the world ' s dark history , fully corroborate UiB tact , that the , destruction of honry-headwl tvranny ¦ Ltt- eVot beeu effected b y the energy Mwl -intellmunce ot the lew , who have had sense enough to discover the source ol their wrongs , and manliness sufficient to proclaim it .
We were installed in office at a time when " commercial prosperity" had superseded a state of anarchy and contusion , caused by the want of employment and starvation wages amongst those who were employed ; and when the dungeons and convict ships were crowded with the victims of barbarous and savage laws-when political organization had been renderec dangerous , in consequence of the denunciation which had been hurled against it by the ermine-clad disuensmoi British justice (?); and when the Chartist body were split to shreds through the conduct ol persons , who manifested their friendship by creating dissension about matters entirely personal . At len- th it was agreed upon to re-organise the movement , and ^ ' ad the distinguished honour of bein g placed at
From that moment up to the present time , we have Deen incessant in our endeavours to promote the righteous cause , nnd if its increased strength hats not been exhibited , it is because there has not yet originated a crisis worthy the development of its power . One great cause which * eems to us to have retarded the progress of the movement , viz .
DISSENSION AMONGST LEADERS , . has not , we are happy to say , been any obstacle in our way . Conscious of having discharged our duty to the utmost of . w ability , we have not paid attentwn to the slanders that have been lavished upon us ; we have allowed our conduct to stand as tho nest refutation to charges which have originated iu cither ignorance or malice . If , in the former , we have lett it to time , and a better acquaintance , to remove the error ; or , if in the latter , we have invariably awarded the parties our commiseration . Our object has been to enlist the sympathies and services ot all who could in the slightest degree serve Chartism ; and in bo doing we best discharged the duties ot our office . During the past year , the result of our conferencos has been ths adoption and promul gation of a
LAND I > LAN , as subsidiary to the movement for the Charter ; and the progress which it has hitherto made warrant us in the assertion , that it is likely to become the most important and powerful combination that ever existed in this country ; and , as an auxiliary to Chartism , its value cannot be overrated . The Charter and Land Associations , although , differing in name and form , cannot ba viewed apart ; they arc like the Siamese twins , inseparable . Tho interest of one cannot be forwarded without advancing the objects of the other ; and should our exertions eventuate m nothing more than this Land project , Chartism will have rendered posterity its debtor . There is another matter which has engrossed a considerable snare of our attention , and of late , muck ot our time ; we allude to the case of our exiled friends ,
FROST , WILLIAMS , AND JONES , whose cause is endeared to us by the sufferings which Uiey have endured since their expatriation . To seek the return of the captive from banishment , and thus yive joy to his family and friends , is the work of philanthropy ; but how much more lofty is that feeling which impels the patriot to attempt the liboration ot those who , martyrs to their love of country , are lingering out the lite of a , felon on the far-distant shores ot a foreign land ? No part of our duty has been performed with more care and assiduity thai , tot winch relates to our beloved and persecuted mends—no pains have been spared to make the approaching trial on their behalf successful ; and it , gives us inexpressible pleasure iu having to state that no man has entered into the matter with greater zeal or truer devotion than our Parliamentary chief and champion ,
MR . T . S . DUNCOMBE who will , on Tuesday evening next , submit a motion to the House of Commons for au -address to the Queen , praying for tlie immediate restoration of our much injured fr . ends . We have taken care that he shall not stand alone in his advocacy of their cause as we have furnished every one of the G 58 members with a document , setting forth the whole facts of the « ase and the grounds on which we found our hopes ot success . We have waited personally upon many of the most influential and distinguished members of both sides of the house , and , as far as we have yet gone , we have been entirely successful . We have designed the most extensive and perfect machinery ta ensure a triumph . Arrangements have been made to procure the signatures to petitions of tlie foreman and jury who tried the men , as well as the
'iown Council of Newport , where the unfortunate catastrophe happened . The two eminent persons who defended Mr . Frost on his trial are now holding high and responsible situations under the government-the one , Sir F . Pollock , is a judge ; and the other , Mr . F . Kelly , is her Majesty ' s Solicitor-General ; and as both of those gentlemen expressed verr strong opinions as to tho illegality ot the trial at the time it took place , we expect that they will maintain the dignity of their professional character bv au avowal of their opinions on an occasion when such conduct will be ot the greatest service to their former client and his co-patriots . We have attended public meetings at all the principal localities in and around thu metropolis , and have , in tact , done all that lay in our power to cause the restoration of the unhappy exiles .
MINISTERIAL MEASURE . The House of Commons having committed themselves to the principle of Sir R . Peel ' s proposal by a majority of ninety-seven votes , it may be fairlv prosumed that , as far as that house is concerned the measure is to become law . But whether Wellington will be able to manage the hereditary Solons of tho other house , as his coadjutor ( the Premier ) has tho Commons , remains to be seen . Conjecture has it that the ex-minister , Lord Stanley , is reserving himself for a dreadful onslaught on the measure on its introduction to the consideration of their lordships ; and , from the declaration of the Duke of Richmuna as to the means which he and his friends are propared to adopt in resisting the proposal , there is a probability , amounting almost to a certainty that the measure will be rejected by them ; in which case there will be a
GENERAL ELECTION . When the factions will try their respective strength , swMWlien each of them will bid for popular support . Peel , the League , and the Whigs will unite in the cry tor oheap bread , on the one hand , and the Young LnglandeiB and the agriculturists generally , will struggle tor protection on the other ; whilst we who liave nothing to expect from either party , must stand by our own principles , and rally the workingclassfcs round the standard of the People ' s Charter , ihe League and the Whigs will affect to be tho popular party , and , if we arc not on the alert , will act as such ; but they must be taught that the days o their rule has gone by . They must be met upon tho
hustings , and unmasked in the presence of the people The crimes which that faction has comnitted against liberty must be rung in their cars until tho public shall be made to execrate them as the persecutors of our friends ; the executioners of Wayton , llolborry , and Dully ; the concoctors of tho m amous New Poor Law , and the promoters of many other vie schemes to rob and enslave the nation . Ihe other iaction—the Toiios-niust be dealt with in a like manner . Let us recognise no distinction , nf * ? i . euemies to ° ur i" > S"ts aud liberties , aud will yield only what public opinion may be capable of wresting from them . We propose , therefore , that in accordance with tho suescstions of our Alexandria
mend s , that a subscription be immediately set on loot in the several localities throughout England , Scotland , and Wales , for the purpose of sustaining an agitation during the approaching crisis ; r . iui , iii tlie event of an election , that we may be able to take the field with a few
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CHARTIST CANDIDATES , qualified to serve ii ' eleeicii , and working men * . o contest the shew of hands in such , places as we sire not likely to secure the support of the electoral bo J ;/ . iA ' ttno councils in tlie various Incilities issue cnltoutiT , ' } once . and take such other step- »» i- " * ^ nuy think nt , to raise the necessuty funds for the \ immediately taken to elect an \ EXECUTIV E CO MMITTEE , ' N as our term ot othce expires on the" 20 th of next ^ month . I he sub-secretaries are requested to c ^ n- r veue meetings of the members ih each locality , for iA the purpose of nsminating'fit and proper . persons to v * serve in the above capacity , : ill such nominations to v be forwarded to the General Secretary , on or before V r Wednesniiy , March 18 th , after which date no noini- \ k nation can be received . , , . . "' " ' (^
ANNUAL CONVENTION . ... . \ The General Council are also instructed to take , im- ^ mediate steps to secure the election of delegates , to ^ \> the Annual Convention , whieht ( will . assemble . j at v ^ Leeds , on Monday , the 20 lhof AprU- . nextj ¦ . pursuant x ^ to the rule of the . Association ; " ' ^ v Phili p M'Gbath , >• ; . ; , ^ W Thomas Clark , , v .. -. ., ; ^ CllRISTOPHEB D . PTLB , ' :: ., t « Feakgus O'Connor , , . ; \ Thomab Martin WheelbBi Sec ; P ; , P ,. S . ~ Tbei first number of the Political -Works , of 1 Thomas Paine is now out ; For particulars ¦ 'free . I advertisement . ¦ :, ;; , ' !/ , ¦ .: *
LONDON . > < LiMEHousK . —A crowded meeting was held in ohe- V Brunswick Hall , Ropemakers' -fleldv on , Tuesday ^ evening , March 3 rd ; and ; after an eloquent addresstram Mc . PluUp M'GriiVk , on the opening of this neat and commodious building for pubUcrawtingsand the- 11 revival of Chartism in the / Liiriehouse 'district / the ' J following resolution was moved byMr ; ' h < Shaw , » econded by Mr . Drake , and can-fed unanimously : ^ That this meeting , hnving-wltu'thfe utmost disgust ' ahd abhovrencB read the two litters of 31 B . '
-liamuleTlueao-, called representative « f EiUnburgriJ 6 n the '' subJect of the militia , nnd the liberation of ouf beloved'eiilcs ; Frost , Williams , and Jones , do hereb y -call- oh the ' electors « hd non-elector * of Edinburgh , -nndtne etfdrtiBts through , out the country ( in order to mark ' theJr % gaiipf 6 ' val'b f such inhumiin lind unchristian sentiments contniiied in those letters ) to use all th « influence they possess to provunt his return to Parliament at the n « t { . 'tneral eke . tion , or at any other period , believing him to be unworthy of wpportfrom ullloven ofphilantropby « nd humanity , but more especially the countenance of the Chartist body , wherever to be found .
The following resolution was then moved by Mr . Bernard , seconded by Mr . Fletcher , and carried unanimously : — That in the opinion of this me « ting , in order to understand what course Sir W . Clay ( one of the members for tin * borough ) intends to pursue with reference to the motion of Mr . Duncombe , for th « liberation of Frost , Williams , nnd Jones , Dr . Bowkctt be respectfully re . queatid to write to the honourable member for a definite answer on the subject . A Chartist locality , and a district of * ie Chartist Co-operative Land Society , were then formed , and a vote of thanks awarded to Mr . M'Grath and the chairman , and the meeting dissolved .
Asti-Militia Meeting . —Tke General Committee met at the Parthenium , St . Martin ' s-lane , on Wednesday evening last , Mr . Cuffay in the chair . Mr . T . M . Wheeler tendered his resignation as secretary , on account of his business as secretary of the Chartist Co-operative Land Society fully occupying his time , which was accepted . Mr . Stallwood was unanimously elected secretary . Several subscriptions were received , and the committee adjourned , empowering the secretary to convene another meeting whenever occasion required .
STOCKPORT . Mr . Samuel Williams lectured in the Chartist Institute , on Sunday evening last ; subject , " The evils of war . " OLDIIAM . On Sunday last a numerous meeting took place in the school-room of the Working Man ' s Hall , to hear a lecture from Mr . J . Leach ; but , in consequence of his non-attendance , the chairman , Mr . Samuel Yiirdley , read from the jfonkrn Star the letter of Mr . O'Connor , aud the two letters of Mr . Macauiey , which produced a great sensation ,
BILSTON . The Cokveniion . —A resolution has been carried unanimously in favour of Mr . O'Connor ' s plan for a convention to sit in London , if circumstances should render it necessary . BACUP . The Convention- —The Chartists of Bacup have unanimously approved of Mr . O'Connor ' s suggestion to assemble a convention in . London , if necessary . They pledge themselves to bear their share of the expense . GLASGOW .
At a meeting of No . 1 Branch of the Glasgow Chartist Co-operative Land Society , held in Murdock ' g school-room , No . 27 , St . Andrew ' s-square , Mr . James Mann in the chair , Mr . Skerrington read an article from " Professor Liebi g , " on the uses of manures . After which Mr . Smith nnd Mr . Brvaa addressed the meeting .
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DREADFUL ACCIDENT AT GREENWICH . THREE LIVES LOST . On Saturday an accident , which proved fatal tfl three persons , occurred in the extensive chemical works belonging to Mr . Hills , at East Greenwich , lwo of the men were employed in cleaning out a large vessel in which ammonia had been prepared . They had hardly got to the bottom of the vessel when the fumes of the spirit contained therein overcame them , and they both fell senseless on their faces . The other unfortunate fellow , not perceiving what had happened , or else desirous of assisting his fellowworkmen , also descended the sarao vessel , and almost instantaneously shared the same fate . An alarm was immediately raised , and several persons quickl y repaired to the factory to render assistance . The three pwor men were observed lying at the bottom . The foreman of the factory , more bold than the others , instantly leaped , into the placewith the hone ol
, rescuing the men . In this praiseworthy endeavour he was foiled , for no sooner had he got into the vessel than the fumes overcame him , and had it not been for the extraordinary exertions of others , he must likewise have perished ; as it was he was got out alive , but in a very exhausted state . As soon as possible the three others were got out , and a surgeon was promptly in attendance , but not in time to be of any assistance life in each being extinct . The bodies wore subsequently removed to a neighbouring public-house , to await the coroner ' s inquest . It is reported that the men had received strict injunctions that they were not to enter the vessel until they had . tried tlie same with a lighted candle , to ascertain whether or not it was perfectly safe . This order , it seems , was not attended to , and the fatal consequences that followed were the result . It is stated that two of the deceased have left large families unprovided for .
Inquest on the Bodies . — On Monday Mr . C . Carttar , the coroner for Kent , held an inquest at the Pilot public-house , East Greenwich , on the bodies of the three unfortunate men , nami'd Richard Middleton , aged twenty-nine , ThomaB Burkiu , aged twenty , and r rancig Reeves , aged fifty . The jury having been sworn , proceeded to view the bodies , which presented a shocking appearance , and wero lying in the parlour of the above house ; and from thence were accompanied by the coroner and Mr . Hills to the place where the melancholy occurrence took place . The premises , which are used solely for chemical purposes , are situate on the banks of the river , nearly oppoaite Blackwall . The bodies having been identified , Thomas Downes , the foreman of the works , deposed that Burkin and Reeves were engaged in cleaning out a still which had just been erected , bvit never used ; they hud finished about half-past two o ' clock , all but removing a couple of bricks ; and
witness , who was with them in the bailer , toldthtm , when they had done so , to come out . After witness had left the boiler about ten minutes , an alarm was given , and he was asked for a rope ; and on running to the still he saw two men getting Mr . Frank Hills out ot the still . The still worked into the same tube as another still ; and there ought to be six inches of water in the chamber , when it would bo safe , and no accident could nappen . The chamber is fed by a pitcher and funnel , and it was Middleton ' s duty to fill it . After some immaterial evidence , the room was cleared , and the jury having remained iu deliberation tor a short time , returned a verdict that Richard Mtddlcton , Thomas Burkin , and Francis Reeves were suffocated by sulphuric hydrogen » a 9 , escaping Irom one still into another empty still ° ow ing to the neglect of the deceased Richard Middleton , Xe ' oXK Silk '" 8 Uut ° ff tUo conacclioD
Cuaftes' Flaobemeitt^
Cuaftes' flaobemeitt ^
Wirtist Fiuteiiipme
Wirtist fiuteiiipme
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• -3 > - — Robbery or Watches . —The officers emnloved on the Lastcrn Counties Railway , assisted by an active member oi the metropolitan detective force , have been engaged tor some days iu endeavouring to trace out a robbery committed on that line . In the course ot last week a case , containing watches , amounting m value to over £ 200 , was r eceived from a wholesale wateli-uiiinurapturei- in llatton-garden , to be forwarded to a watchmaker at Yarmouth . Tho box in its transit disappeared in a very mysterious manner , and ot course did not reach the party to whom it had been directed .
A Wretch is IIcmak Form .--On Wednesday week a fellow , was driving adonkcy between Brighton and Shoreham , and in consequence of tho animal turning sulky , he took a truss of straw and burnt the poor thing to death in the road . This was witnessed by several persons , and we do hope that soiiie one will bring the wretch to justice , and flint he will meet the punishment his brutality merits . The For beast was a complete cinder . — Correspondent . [ W hat were tho " several pcrssns" about , to permit tniaatrocity i Why did they not kn ock the rullian down , and take him , bound hand and foot , to the nearest gaol ? l
To The Independent Electors A?Fd Non-Electoks Of Edinburgh.
TO THE INDEPENDENT ELECTORS A ? fD NON-ELECTOKS OF EDINBURGH .
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J ' S H " ' to At ^ tl - - LONDON , ATUJBayI MAH 87 , 1846 . ^ * , v ^^~
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N 0 43 4 ' 1 t y ;' ¦ - t : ? lt "p *? . pi ; .,- ^ j = ¦ , - ' \ AND NATION AT , TRAITOR JOURNAL .
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Citation
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Northern Star (1837-1852), March 7, 1846, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1357/page/1/
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