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Northern Star (1837-1852), 2nd January 1847, Edition 1 of 3, Page unpag, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      ' r > - ' iR ¦ "T fiw ¦ ( . 5 ^ TinB 0 P ^ E 5 d ^^ pfi 0 a . ; - ¦ ; : ?^ M ^^ , i 3 Bl « P' ;^ ltaiel ! TO ' ^ ve aia ^ tfe society ^ filM "' ' - jf ^ on ^ febutiB g ^ ir N& > f hospitality ; in . l at « P ^ i % I * tJ | iaiqfM # » flt to say , WWjjE ^ istor coSd not ^^ been better V « feSK . ?» the- ^ ni ^^ ekeeper .

      pni ^ PHprietclii § T ^ . aO ^ d purposed * i ^ ti ng ^ v |^ t p ^^ a ;^ tW l | fctrrative of fchit I » . JMf ^ '&e * eiuti& < S ' ' rf whi <* vrould lie l ^ tedjy a ^ h ^ cannbf dr » V largely upoa their iSagj ^ or i ; my sanative , towever , roust be di-^ ECt ^ SI a nother ; and acmorY mournful subject , one j ^ ra ^ vong my H $ rt witti deep sorrow and anbSsb ' nd stamped a scene of miserv upon my

      me-! fcry . which no time can efface , or circumstance rblitt-ate . ^ , ' . ¦ : ¦ ¦' . ' ; . .. ... c . ' ; One evemng , * &x a long * aik through the moun-< aVs rugged ind intricate windings , with which jad ' now become familiar , and after the return of jny kind host from a day of more than ordinary fatigue , consequent upon the increasing cold and destitution of his flock , we had just sat down to dintier , when we were roused by a tramping of feet , followed by a loud yell and a knocking at the door : " Good God , " said the anxious Pastor , " what can ihis mean ? " when Mrs . Mahoney , with the colour death in her cheek and the wildness of sudden

      Sear in her eye , rushed , or rather staggered , into the f irtour , unable to speak . "Speak , speak , woman . " ejaculated the affrighted Priest . "I can't , I can ' t , "—she rejoined , " 0 my God , my God , there ' 6 a ruction at Crief , sure the troopers ? . nd the Captain has been there , and but Jim and Neddeen is outside , and says how they thinks " ^ elimeen is 6 hot or murdered , or hurt amona them . "

      « ' Fhehmeen murdered ! " exclaimed the Pastor . " What , " laid I , " my guide , my companion , the joung and hearty peasant-youth that accompanied sue here bnt the other day ; the prop of his aged father and mother , and Kathleen ' s only brother ?" While we were in a state , not of suspense , but of jiaralysis , two youths rushed into the room almost frantic with fear , horror , and surprize , and ejaculated together" Come , come , your reverence , come , or blessed be God , yon won ' t find poor Phelimeen alive—my God ! my God ! the troopers shot him . " The Rev . Mr . O'Farrell looked as I never saw

      mortal look before ; he was calm , hut his countenance presented a mixture of sorrow , anxiety , and wounded pride . Mrs . Mahony , who had recovered from the first shock , asked if she shoald order the boy to get the mare"No , " replied the priest , " 111 walk , the way i shorter ; put some wine in a small bottle . " And which being done , he was rushing out of the door , when I asked permission to accompany him . " As you please , '' he replied , " if you have a stomach for misery . " The consent , though repulsive , was sufficient , and ' followed ; Mrs . Mahonv having put the priest's

      loak on my arm , asking me to give it to one of t \ n ossoons to carry , as his reverence would miss it soaring home . During the whole of our race , for och it really was , to the O'Donnell ' s house , the 'riest never once opened his lips , and , strange to say ij he subsequently informed me , for the first time in is life he omitted paying homage to the blessed < ive , by which we passed . We were met at the little gate leading from the nad , by the uncle of Phelim , who implored us to take as little noise as possible for fear of alarming

      y .. poor ould woman , who did ' nt hear it yet , as it \ 4 uld be sure to break her heart . We had now fcaered the cottage , where , but a few nights since , I , a Granger , had been received as a guest , and treated fc . th generous , genuine hospitality , and when all atsout me was animation , hilarity , contentment , and jif , but alas ! how changed the scene . As we enkted , and just in front of the door lay the father ' s hq > e , the mother ' s joy , and the sister ' s protector , a : u'd , Ufeless , bleeding corpse , stretched upon a bench , nth a pillow under his head , covered with a white beet , and his death bed hung round with linen . The

      feet of a gun shot wound upon the countenance is lorrifying in the extreme , and cannot be conceived y those who have never witnessed it ; it is of such i nature , that no living man could identify the iifferer by his countenance , aud such was the ap-| : arance in death of him whose manly beauty was tie parish pride , and his parent ' s boast . As I appoached the corpse , my heart sunk within me , while de house of death presented , for Ireland , anunusua ullness , nothing audible but a deep suppressed tone , , 11 being cautioned to spare the poor mother ' s feelj gs . The priest kissed the cold lips of his

      kim-;; an , and as he rose I observed the large teais Mlouing each other in quick succession down his jnllid cheek , He did ' nt . hecould ' nt , breathe a syllable . 11 the chimney corner sat the O'Donnell , in a state tf subdued frenzy ; while Kathleen knelt at his side vith her head buried in his lap and motionle-s , and t ! ie relations and friends of the family bung over tie corpse in brooding vengeance and sullen silenct " , ty « r and then exchanging looks and suppressed t . utterings , significant of injurv and revenge .

      "hen the reverend paitor bad recovered his i erve , he requested the uncle of Phclim , who met us u the gate , to communicate the whole transaction t ) him , but in such a tone as would not reach the s ck mother ' s ear . He took the priest into an ad j , iuing room , and I followed , when the uncle jarrated the whole transaction , as follows : — " Shortly before du » k I was standing at my ow : > i -or , when I see the troopers pass , and the Captain r-ling with them . Well , I thought I'de follow them 3 bit , and seeing them turn down the lane to the

      ( Dounrll ' s house , ' I mended my gait , and came tross the short cut to the corner of the house just t they entered , and sure Pheliraeon was driving the owhometobe milked , when the Captain says to titchuole and two more that was with him , ' Seize x at cuw and drive her on the road , while I go down aid distrain the corn . ' Well , my jewel , sure the 1 ree runs at I'hilemeen and begins driving the cow , s . il , lie says , standing before them , ' Where are ye ' s g ing with that cow . ' ' I distrain her in the name c the Queen and the law , ' said the Captain , and ! iv

      s-tue of a decree . ' There ' s enough to satisfy you sthout taking the drop of milk from my sick 'other that can ' t take anything else . ' says Phtlim . ' akethe mare and the corn , but you shan't take the cw , you shall have my life first . ' 'Do you resist ten , ' iays the Captain . 'I do , ' says Phelim . ' -ow , Mr . Spilsby , ' says he , turning to a young teller that was with him , ' I order you to fire- ' 1 <) , my dear sowl , sure no sooner said than done , ' -e word was ' nt out of his mouth , when the other

      : •¦> , ' Men , firp . ' And sure , blessed be God , my i > f I'helimeen fell just foreuainst his own door , 4 -d but , indeed , 1 thought my heart was in my r ! '" > it ! : when 1 see him fall , for sure , I thought , ' ' sy would ' nt fire so ready , but the Lord helps us , ' : often we said that he'de sarve Phelim out this \ v or that way , and , said the uncle with a sigh , /' alias it all , and it didn't last longer than I ' m ¦ ; ¦» ' ? it , and sure when they had their will of ' ¦ ' era ; . timr , thev went off and l « -ft the cow behind

      '• (; ' ; , ai . d , upon my conscience , if tlif-y had only ' aut 1 0 ,, p ) eu n , i , 1 U ( es i 0 RgHr > i ,,, t not a man of ' 'I w ,, uUl g 0 u 0 ! lie t 0 , jj ti , e st ( , a : j t i , , _ .

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      ODonnellsand the Crief boys were nrasteringln all directions orer the hills when they see the irpop ^ , * and snre they weren't hardly gone when the lane ' was fall , ' and , indeed , only for Tim Mahony ' there would be bad work , and sure , I suppose , we did ' nt hear the end of it yet . ' "; Hanng heard this frightful narrative , we returned once more to the room of death , where Mr . O'Farrell , approaching the bewildered father , in whose lap Kathleen ' s face was still buried , and putting his arms around { he aged man ' | neck , and kissing him , he said , while the tears rolled quickly down his chsek—t- " - I ^ IT ^ ammaI I * ahJ i . i _— f % *^ r t . _! ...- _ .. _« ——_ a— •— . ^ £ l _ _ it

      - " OT ) onrielli yours is a sore trial ; but you rmut bear the will of God with forbearance and resignation ) " Oh , God is good , " responded the old man , adding , " and God ' s will be done ; but holy and blessed Redeemer ! isn ' t it a sore case to see my fine boy that was well and hearty at nightfall a cowld corpse stretched on the door , for trying to keep the dhrop of milk with his poor sick mother . " During these ejaculations , the sighs of poor Kathleen were 'frequent and heart-breaking , and , no longer able to restrain her grief , or conceal her feelings , she rose , and looking towards her brother ' s corpse , she gave a death-like shriek , and fell back motionless upon her father ' s neck .

      What—what ' s that ? " said a faint voice from the inner room . " What ' s that—and wbere ' s Phelimeen from me all this time ? He never was so long without bringing a drink after milking befoie . Where is he ?—Where is he ? ' '

      An appalling silence was the only response to this appeal ; when the sick voice again asked , — «« What , are ye ' s all dead , that no one will come near me ? Where's Phelim , I say ?" Still no answer ; when , to my horror , the door of the sick room slowly opened , a spectre , supported by the jamb , looked wildly round , and , with a sudden and elastic bound ( though she hadn ' t walked for several weeks ) , she sprang to the side of the

      corpse—she raised the cold hand , which by a broken nail she recognised as her son ' s—she threw herself upon the body—tore every vestige of cove : ing from the cold corpse , flew to the fresh wounds , from which the young hot blood still gushed ; she sucked , disgorged , and sneked again ; until , at length , exhausted and overcome , she stood up , looked frantic at all round , gave a hideous death-yell , and fell back lifeless in the arms of the Rev . Mr . 0 ' arrell !

      The barrier to loud grief being removed , the house resounded with the song of death , a dismal howl which still rings in my ears . It is a thrilling sing song yell , a constant repetition of Hullagone ! Hullagonel ! Hullagone !!! Here , then , is a subject for the painter or the poet . My pen can but feebly sketch the outlines . ( J'Donnell , like a petrifaction , sat chained to the chimney corner , Kathleen swooning on his neck ; the mother , but a moment before electrified bv

      nervous apprehension , transformed , as if by magic , from aTheumatie cripple to a bounding fairy , and as suddenly spell-bound and struck a cold clay corpse to the ground , still disgorging her dead son ' s blond and that son the darling of her heart , the prop of her house , and the hope of her old age . Poor Kathleen was but restored to consciousness to lose her reason , she flung herself from her aged father ' s neck , and , in the attempt to embrace her brother ' s corpse , she fell over her dead mother , rose and laughed and sung , and , with her long flowing auburn locks streaming on her shoulders , she waved one

      hand to the mourners , and , placing her finger on her lips , with a wild and frantic look she muttered , " Hush , or the Captain and troopers will come and take my mother and brother from Kathleen . " She threw herself wildly upon her brothers corpse , ; . * . id smiling upon all around exposed the fresh wounds , telling them to look how many mouths her Phelim had , and how rosy and warm the lips were that the Captain and the troopers made for him . and then she'de slap his face , and laugh and exclaim , " You ' re not my Phelim , you ' re an ugly fellow , my Phelimeen was the pride of the parish , and would

      smile on his Kathleen , but you look sulky , then turning round to her mother , she sai-1 , " Get up mother and take a diink of the milk that Phelim brought you . Heigho , sure Phelim is married and I must dance at his wedding , " and she sung some sweet wild air and danced around the corpse til . flesh and blood could no longer bear the sight , and , with the assistance of the female mourners , the broken-hearted priest prevailed upon her to go to hed , and it was daylight before we left the house of mourning . On our arrival home , the worthy pasto-, who had nottasted a morsel during the previous

      day , took a cold bath , as was his custom , and in less than an hour he was on his holy mission . I gave vent to ray sorrow in a flood of tears , after which I lessened my own load of grief by imposing a portion of it on poor Mrs . Mahony , who assured me the jab wouldn ' t end there , for , as sure as life , there would be a black list jury , and but the O'Donnells would have blood for blood if it was in twenty years , and but the Captain might as well fly the country . The old man is delirious , and Kathleen frantic said , I " Wisha , the craythers , God help them , sure i . o wonder for them" says she , giving vent to her feelings in a flood of tears . { To he continued . )

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      ( Continuedfrom ihe . Second Column ) . ';• ~ ~ jfl lr ° ' c » OttI l «»« tofod . a heart-rending oratioS ^ w ^* i the following words : — y Yon are heroes now , but theday will arrive when w ^ ITp ' j " - 8 . tand , in the awful P r € Bence of aat great God , into whose councils neither the ictum of the Cabinet , the quibble of the Jud <> e or ie prejudice of the Jury , shall dare to enter , where mrder will be such , but not by construction of hu * ' ' ian law or political ingenuity . ., Alter the oration , the vast aBnemblagfl departed in alien silence to deposit their slaughtered friends in . " > ie cold grave . We understand that Mr . O'Connor V zs had a very angry contest with Mr . Coroner ' . ' ' . ^ note , who threatened to commit him , upon which ¦¦ ie drew back from the table , and with a terrific kick ¦ pact nil , sending the hatluL . of packed oran ^ men V elected as , jurors to the ceilhg , and before the * xv racas terminated Messrs ; Jones and O'Brien , coro- V ^

      era , arrived , Mr . O'Connor . haying dispatched a liaise and four for each ,-When , he discovered the urtial manner in whieh ; the , proceedings were likely ¦> be conducted . " '¦' : ' Let the reader also bear the following facts in mind , vfteran inquest , which lasted 13 * days , Mr . O'Con * " » r succeeded in obtaining a verdict of "Wiitul ¦ lu rder" against Archdeacon Rider , Major Collis . and ¦ apt . Bagl y . jjOr ( i Beerhaven was Iligh Sheriff . nnd utu » lly invited the said Major Collis to servo upon ne uranu j ury , before whom bi Us were to be preferred

      nnVfi m lor W > K « 1 Murder , James Smith Barry , l ™ , ?'' ^" , was foreman of the Grand Jury ; \ , vXi ? ?»• V ' , never hold a dczen briefB ' ilnfro t 0 - tb ° ? ench for his-high churoh and Tory - t J J ( L ^ P According to his direction , -hoforeman of the Grand Jury , not to inconvel , ience the gentlemen , " immediately appealed in the LnJrf a" « n « ed ° . Prosecute the murderers , anaouncedwith fiendish exultation , that they had ieuored the bill , and were complimented by the orange nidge . Ihe writer saw the widow Rjan upon the < ame day , when she told him that the Grand Jury nly made game ol her , and asked her if Mr . O'Connell and the priest would support her . The writer further moved three resolutions in th « House of Commons upon the subject , early in the nexi ; scssion . when the Whigs were restored to office . Mr . Dank-l OTSrm .

      nell and Mr . Joseph Hume requested him net to hamper the Whig government with the subject and neither would second his resolutions , and thus has ¦ he Rathcirmac massacre , like all other Irish ariovances . been BLOWN TO THE FOUR WINDS OF HE A YEN . Ed . N S

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      TO FEARGUS O'CONNOR , ESQ . Sir , —In reply to your application , I beg to say that I am the person who showed " One who has whistled at the plough , " over the Herringsgate estate , and that not one word in his account is true , from beginning to end , except that the weaver ' s wife did say that the roads were bad ; but she meant for the season of the year . He told me he had come over three hundred miles to inspect the estate , and if 1 had any thing to conceal , which I had not , I would not have been

      very communicative to him , as I formed the opinion in my own mind from h is curiosity , that he was a spy or some such thing . I never said one word to him about windows , or the timber they were made of , nor did we try to shut any of them , nor did I make a single complaint of the drunken plasterers , or of there being but little water in the well . I told him it was over one hundred and sixty feet deep , and he did not see a single apprentice , nor has one worked on the estate . He said he was very well

      acquainted with you . He put every thing he heard in the public-house down in a book , and I mentioned to others that I thought him a spy ; he said he would return on the following Thursday for more information , but lie appears to have made what he could not get here . He said the place was most beautiful . The apprentices he saw in the schoolhouse were grubbers , waiting for the snow to give over to go to work . I am , Sir , your obedient servant , James Taylor . Painter .

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      LttES UPON HEADING MR . CUMMIXG'S LETTER TO THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON .

      ( From ne Labourer . ) 0 ! merciful father , the giver of life , I ' m willing to dig , or to delve , or to tpin ; But the laws of the rich perplex me with strife , And teach m « obedience to thine is a sin . I ' m starving , 0 God ! white mj famishing brooa Are dying around me , in « qualor and tilth I would work , I would toil , I would slave for their food Their bed ' s the cold clay , without pallet or quilt . Hush , hush , my own babe , till your father comes in You'll break my poor heart with your pitiful civ ' Drink , drink , my life ' s blood , till my suck comes again , ButMACHUSBLAS-UY BABY 5-MACHHEB don't you die .

      I would cheerfully struggle thvo' lift ' s nigged maze And would hug the wide world , sweet but } -, with thee ; I would never complain the longest of days . Or though bitter the blast , or the cold ' w ' ind might be . Your brothers and sisters lie dead on the floor And your tender youn limbt are ni cold as a stone , 0 Heavens ! sha ' s gone , my olvn baby nsthore , And I ' m left in this strange wiektd world alone . I ' m raging !—I ' m frantic!—1 long for the grate ; And frel strength enough now to contend with the foe : feure , my God won ' t refuse to accept what he gave Or consign me t j hell , if I strike the last blow ? She hugged her cold baby , unwilling to part , And grasped a cold dagger thut hung by the wall , She kissed thu dead bodies and pierced her fond heart , As the fatlur came back to his desolate hall

      His life ' s blood recoiled when he saw the sad sight , And he laid himself down by the mournful pile , Cold , famine , and fever , deprired him of might , He heaved a deep sigh , and thus ended his toil . You princes and noblts , nnd cold blooded wen , You have murdered the poor of this ill-fatcl nation , Tou must answer to God wheti you meet them again , For tho famine is your ' s and nut God ' & dispi iisaiion

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      ROYAL MARYLEBONE THEATRE . The success of the manager last year in stepping out of the nursery to select his opening from the popular rages of the day , has induced , him to repeat the experiment , and we ave happy to add , with uudi . mimslicd success . The " Railway King " is succeeded by " Harlequin and the Spirit of the Moon or Giselle and the Night I ' rancers . " The subject is romantic and pleasing , having gone the round of most of the London Theatres , and taken all forms but this . It affoids plcntilul scope to the in » enuitv of all concerned and it is ba justice to sav that each has taxed himself to the full The storv is varied only by the introduction of a compact between \ ebtathe

      , Spirit ot the Moon , and Myrtilla , the WiliB Queen , in which the latter is to be restored to earth on condition of leading Giselle in a dream through the frolics of a Willis , moonlight d ance , and as a I antomime opening without a little diablerie , wouU be to the gods as porridge without salt , we have the Rod Fire-kiug , who kindly conveys . ill the luckless youths netted by the Wilis to his warm subterr . inean abode . Giselle ' s dream over , she is awakened to her mundane pursuits the Wili Queen becomes Columbine , the Ueadle Clown , tho Demon I antuloon , Gissllu ' s quondam lover Harlequin , and the comic portion of the Pantomime begins . Of the irresistible drollery of Mr . T . Lee as Giselle , it is not possible for words to cmivov any iuea—his look

      action , singing and dancing , rich and racy , me in the true style of Lurlcsque . Had the induction no other attraction , ho atom- would carry it through—seconded as it is by able acting , numnitieent scencrv , and « ycry requisite to produce effect , its success ' is deculed and complete . Among the scenery deserving special mention , ave - . —the view of the M ' oon as seen through the Monster Telescope of Lord Rosse , embracing a circumference of CO feet , and accurately representing the phenomena of its appearance ; the ake ami the miM , the coral cave and star , the Wilis lake by moonlight , the demon ' s cave , ami its mag . niueont change to a fairy palace . The eoiuic scenes nre lively ami satirical , the hits at the times many and hard . It were the height of injustice to take

      leave of the subject without bestowing due meed of praise on the very clever pantomhni . its engaged therein . Mr . J . Doughty , whose fame has prccded him throughout the provinces , is the Clown , and fully warrants us in confirming the judgment of our provincial cotemponiries in his praise ! I lio Brothers Bull ' us support him ably as Harlequin and Pantaloon , anil Miss Clara Hurcourt , from lior Majesty ' s and the Olympic TUeatres , is decidedly cue ot' the prettiest and most gracetul Columbines the stage now possesses . We can only commend oui friend * to pay a visit to this justly-popular temple U' amusement during the holidays , and sure we are that they will full concur with us , ami thank vis for this seasonable intimation .

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      Daiiixo Stukkt HnniiKitY .- On Tuesday morning , as a gentleman , rosiiliug iu Jubilce . pSaccj Mile-cndrnad . ivos proceeding along the Coinincrcia ! -ros « l , when within fifty yards ot the George Inn , two men nisncd ti'uni under a gateway , and after knocking him dodn . one of them knelt upon him , And robbed him of a silver wrvieli ami guiml-chniu , with which they made oil' before any ahum couhl be given .

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      l < T : ; " ^ - " m- - y ' s ' ^ - ¦ ¦ ¦'¦'' -d ^ m ? tLw $ > £ T ranure receiT&T a Kfcj tetigp from Mr . fOa ^ 49 tat aowdfttt ^ f o ^ columnjpre ^ rr& ± * ifflk& " '¦ :

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      w Those who may be disposed to view the prcscn . number of our tourist ' s narrative as a picture of ro mance , will please to read the following account of the Rathcormac massacr ? , e * t 'acted from -a Cork paper : — " While the weeping widow ' s snnflay a bleeding ; corpse at her door , the pious archdeacon took a I > r ; i ? er-buok from his pocket , aiid asktd the widow to { -wear upon it . that she would no longer resist the navmentof HIS tithes , and pointing to her bleeding

      cliild , added , ' Aow , will you pay your tithes ? Two fiue young men , one twenty and the other twenty-one years of age , sens to a pemr widow named Collins , ran across the field when they heard the firin ? in the direction of the widow Ryan ' s house , and iu less than ten minutes were stretched lifeless upon the green sward , many bullets having per forated the bailies . The mother went in se . trch ol her children when the tiring was over , and , to her horror , met their dead bodies coming towards her home in a cart , she sprung upon them , threw hersell between them , and first sucked the blood from the

      wounds of one , then disgorged and sucked the other ' s wounds , until surfeited she lay fainting upon ker * lead children . Two poor wretches were dragged ou * of a pig-sty , whither they flew for shelter , and by o

      slain , from the steps of the barracks occupied by the stan " of the Cork militia , surrounded by two regiments of'dragoms , the dead bodies in coflins supported by the friends of deceased and surrounded by an immense ma « s of country people , excited to an extreme pitch . In the coarse of his funeral Kcrrnou , . Mr . O'Connor , turning indignantly to those ofliccrs i whose breasts were decorntedwith Wattrloo nieda ' s . tciht them to tear their faded honours from their vallint breath , and replace them with a bleeding widow ' s heart , emblematic of their greater victory . tCwittutted to the $ Uth Cnltwin . )

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      THE NATIONAL 1 A | DJND LABOUR BAHKT—^^ Recklessness ^ tot of economy indigence of the doubtful foture during the pro p # us present , have ever been t ' ae most unanswerable charges Wi »> y «* jealthy . the wdy ^ nd the for tunate , against the labouring classes . We are not . prepared to defendthis wholesale charge ^ , the abstract , while we content that the want of thnft . ness evinced by the many is a consequence of our institutions , both commercial a-jd political , being framed and altered from time to trnie for the convenience , security , and protection of the hasty , wade capital of the wealthy , rather than for the accumulated savings of the dailv la Si ! 1 ^ j ^* ^ - ?**?*?* ° gi 8 nt trftde amI cominerce P ™ ^ the possibility otthe poor man becoming a competitor with the rich speculator , whikrour monetary system rejects h , m as an ally from the impossibility of qualifying himself / as a partner or participator from his daily or week y saving ^ The Savings Bank b ecomes his on ! y . Wive , the only depository for / his daily or weekly parings , and 11 » " ?? i ° f thls ; . de P . artra ^ t V b ^ ^ only source ' the government charges a large profit in diminished interest for the convenience { S ^ ftV ^ f ^? "t ^^ T ^^^ SP ?!!^ - ? * «»? ia * ltor _«* y ? * ^ " •"'« ^^ 6 »»««^ . I » *» Jte eommereUl or money market can command the It h , f 7 f ° f *^ °° r " u V aU f Uitive ° f bei " hi 8 ° ' « V ™ ior wi ^ «»*«* . or accepting the highest rate that his grad al savings can command . Hence themanwnha thousand pounds may secure fa * per cent . upon mortgage ) the mVwith a hundrpd pounds something over Ana per cent . ,. Consols , while the poor accumulator during the pr ^ 8 avi and who has ^ Sufficient tQ teke advantage of any of these securities , receives no more than 4 * . 18 s . per cent , secured u- ^ n his own industry and the dissipation of his thoug ht !^ fellow-labourer . He is reconciled to this lower rate of interest— ' v 6

      Firstfy .-Bythefactthatitis the Only market open to him . - Acwfy—That it presents , security .- Thirdly ,-That it guarantees the power of with drawal in seasons of necessity , but even this power is restricted by conditions sometimes h . ^ rsh and inconvenient Thus we establish the value of co-operation without industry at one pound two per ceut ., that being the difference between the rate of intereet received by the poor saver And him who can command a sufficient amount to' insure the highest rate of interest . We have been reminded to surfeit that the glory of England consists in the equal opportunity afforded to all in the market of speculation . We admit the fact , while we assert that the sun of England ' s glory wouW speedily set if all men wtre mere agents for the transfer of property , and none were producers of property . And it is in order that the latter class , which will ever be the large majority , may be armed with the power of co-operation a « a means of placing them upon an equality in point of protection with tbe former clasi that we advocate the principle of co-operation , and propose to establish the only medium by which it can be efficiently carried out— '

      The National Land and Labour Bank . We may be told that Joint Stock Banks , Railway Companies , Mining Companies , Steam Navigation Companies , and all other undertakings introduced to the world with a fascinating prospectus establishing a fictitious amount of shares , and a mere nominal amount of call , present the desired opportunity to the small capitalist . The result , however , of attempting to engraft this fascinating reality upon an unheeded fiction , has been the ruin of thousands j and the effect has been as follows : —Many a poor man , jumping at the promise of high interest , and unscared by the phantom of future calls , has paid the required deposit , which an inconvenient call compels him to sacrifice altogether , or preserve as a forlorn hope , at the expense of future contributions , until the society ' s affairs aw wound up , and he finds himself liable to all losses ; a few wily concoctors and solicitors taking his crippled child to nurse ; and thus fattening upon his credulity . Henoe , we show the simple value of Co-operation without industry , while we assert , without fear of contradiction , that the carrying on the necessary operations of trade depending upon individual industry , is not restricted to three , four , five , ten , or even fifteen per cent . Indeed the value of capital can be best appreciated by the enormous amount of wealth that its possessors have been enabled to accumulate out of hired labour '

      Let us illustrate this position . A tenant holds a hundred acres of land at one pound an acre , and dear in its present state . It will require £ 500 or £ 5 an acre to drain it , and then it becomes worth £ 2 an acre-thus returning the tenant twenty per cent , upon the expenditure of £ 500 so that had he given fifteen percent , for the capital , he would still be a gainer of five per cent , by the transaction ; while , through that amount of expenditure in labour the district shopkeepers would be benefited , through them the domestic manufact urer and merchant , and , through all , - the government . But this source of specula tion is stopped by the landlord ' s indifference to benefit his tenant , and the tenant ' s indifference to benefit the landlord ; whereas if it belongedto the occu pier the work would be done . But how much more pointedly the fact will present itself to the reader , when the capital is applied to enable and encourage the small husbandman to prosecute his own industry . The . summary of these observations is that

      A Nation ' s Greatness is better soured by individual prosperity than by commercial traffic , which must restrict industry . The duty of a government is to increase the national resources of the country to the highest state of cultivation they will admit of ; and tho vray to insure this national good is , by the application of free labour and the equitable ( NOT EQUAL ) distribution of its produce ; while the error of the present system is , that those who possess capital have the power of resisting the cultivation of our national resources to that particular standard which insures them the largest monopol y of the produce We hold it to be an indisputable fact that tbe application of free labour , which means $ 6 labour of the small proprietor to the land , the cultivation of our mines , minerals and fisheries , can alone develope the national resources , and at the same time establish a satisfactory standard of wages in the artificial labour market while the higher rate superinduced by well requited industry in the natural market , could be borne by the manufacturer , the merchant , and trader , by the incalculable impetus given to domestic trade and commerce , through the increased consumption of the free labour class .

      , The industrious man who has contributed a long life ' s accumulation of property for others must start at tbe announcement of our present primn minister — « That the criminal law is a problem yet to be solved . " - " That the sanatory condition of the people is miserabl y deficient , " and " That our whole system of education requires deep consideration and improvement . " Now we hold that governments , and governments only , are answerable for the law ' s inequality and imperfections , for sanatory deficiency and educational regulation ; and we further hold that free and well-requited labour would render our criminal law , now a problem , if not obsolete , at least a thing of rare application to an improved and moral societv . That the free labourer can best educate his own children , ventilate his own house , and preserve his own and family ' s health In the free labour mar ket we estimate a man ' s labour cheaply , very cheaply . at £ 50 per annum , and thus , if we have a million of paupers whose strained labour is now worth £ lo " a year each , the nation loses £ 40 , 000 , 000 per annum , added to an expense of seven millions per annum wrung from the labour of the industrious for no other purpose than to keep up an idle reserve at other people ' s expense , for the capitalist to fall back upon as a means of reducing and keeping down wages in the artificial market . Here then is a national sacrifice to class gain aud individual monopoly . In order , then , to illustrate our plan for creating a free and independent labour class , whose industry shall be applied to the cultivation of our national resources , we propose to establish

      The National Land and Labour Bank upon the following principle :-to . That it shall consist of three departments ; -a Deposit Department ; a Redemption Department- and a Sinking Fund Department > and we shall now treat of those several departments each under its proper head .

      '* • ¦ S 7 - '" "' • Irbewsfilsrllre • ' "' ¦

      ' * ¦ s - " ' iRBEwSfilSrllre ' ¦

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      VOL X . NO . 48 0- « . ¦; , LONDON , SATURDAY , ¥ f « " tWMY 2 , 1847 . »^?^^ Sir ~~ - . ¦ * ¦ Rl W t % Vt ft HFI T A Wt ft T # a ** j t »* ¦ m ¦ & « > ^ * . —— .. . _ - ^^ - _

      Untitled Article

      Deposit . TheDepositDepartmenttobe open to all who wish to vest their monies upon the security of the landed property of the National Co-operative Land Company . and bearing interest at the rate of 3 } per cent , per annum . The capital deposited to be regulated by the fallowing scale : —that is to say ,-that for every £ 60 payable as rent-charge by the occupants , over and above tbe amount necessary to pay the interest of £ 4 per cent , on the Redemption Fund , the directors will he empowered to receive £ 1000 thus leaving a sinking fund in this department , over and above the company ' s liabilities , of two and a half per cent .

      Suppose for instance , an estate producing £ 000 a year over and above the Company ' s liabilities of £ 4 per cent , ( upon the amount a the redemption department ) to be occupied by the members of the company , who will each have received a conveyance in fee of his allotment subject to arent-charge proportioned to the purchase money and outlay ; upon this estate , conveyed by the trustees as securitv to the bank , the directors would be empowered to ra , sc £ 10 ; 000 , and would be liable to £ 350 a year interest at 31 per cent , upon the borrowed capital of £ 10 , 000 Each depositor of any amount not exceeding £ 10 would be entitled to draw that amount on demand . A depositor wishing to draw any amount from £ 10 to £ 20 , must give one week ' s notice . From £ 20 to £ 50 , a fortnight ' s notice ; and from £ 50 , to any amount , one month ' s notice . The amount of deposit at any one time not to be less than two shillings an : l sixpence .

      Untitled Article

      Redemption Dapartment . The Redemption Department to be open to the members of the Land Company , and who , whether occupants or shareholders , will be entitled to deposit their funds in that department upon the following conditions . —• That each shareholder may deposit any amount not less than threepence at one time , and for which he shall receive interest at the rate of four per cent , per annum . This fund will be applicable to the purchaseof Land or fining down of the occupants' rent-charge , at the rate of four per cent ., or twentv-five years' purchase-that is , that a depositor having £ 25 in the redemption Department when he is eligible for occupation , will be entitled to a reduction of £ 1 per annnm from his rent-charge-that is , the member who , if not a depositor , would be liable to a rent of £ 8 a year , will , when he has paid up £ ' > 5 be en titled to receive his allotment at £ 7 rent . We state £ 25 , but the depositor of any sum under that amount ^ down to £ 5 , would be entitled to apply his deposit to the reduction of his rent at four percent . The additional half per cent , being guaranteed in consequence of shareholders who deposit their monies in the Redemption Department not being allowed to withdraw more than one-half the amount deposited , and being obliged to give a month's notice before they can draw any portion of their deposit from that department , which however would be equivalent to read y money as a transfer o f the deposit less the-raonth ' s interest ( the lender receiving the interest ) could be effected .

      Untitled Article

      Sinking Fund Department . The funds of this department would consist of two and a-halfper cent , in landed property over and above the liability of three-and-a-half per cent payable as interest to tbe depositors . The profits from this department to be added to the redemption department , ' and equally applied to the pur chase or reduction of the rent of shareholders who had been depositors in the redemption department ; and to be applied in aid of the location of the poorer occupants , to be repaid by them in easy and convenient instalments . We shall now proceed to consider the LIABILITIES AND CONTINGENCIES consequent upon the deposit department , and the Company ' s means of meeting them . We will presume that £ 5 , 000 , or one half of the whole sum in the deposit department , was liable to be withdrawn on demand . The Company should , consequently , be prepared with that amount , to meet any contingency , and which it proposes to do in the following manner ; that is to sav by the application of the Company ' s floating capital for carrying on building and other operations , and which would be always vested in a Bank , paying two and a-half per cent , as at present , and would be constituted of fuuds paid upon account of sliaivs , and not belonging to any of the three departments . The remainder of the funds in the several departments would be applicable to the purchase of land , erection of houses , and location of occupants .

      Untitled Article

      Expenses . The expenses of the Banking Department are amply provided for by the payment of one shilling per year , per share , payable by the shareholders in 'he Land Company , and tbe surplus in the several departments to be applied to the benefit of the shareholders upon the winding up of the section to IT ich they belong .

      Untitled Article

      Mode of Securing the Means of Meeting Liabilities . The Land Company proposes to locate its members upon two acres of land which shall have cost £ 18 . 15 s . per acre , or £ 37 . 103 .: to erect a house which shall cost £ 30 , and to expend in improvements , and give to the occupant , the sum of £ 15 , making a total of £ 82 . 10 s ., andfor which preliminary expendL ture the Company charges £ 5 a-year ; and five per cent upon all monies above that sum expended in the purchase of the Land and the erection of a house . that is , if the land costs £ 30 an acre instead of £ 18 15 s ., and the house £ 60 instead of £ 30 , the occupants will pay £ 5 per cent , upon £ 22 . 10 s . the additional price of the Land , and £ 5 percent , upon the £ 30 , the additional price of the house , making a total increased expenditure of £ 52 . 10 s ., thus making the rent of occupant in the latter case £ 7 12 s . Gd . per annum ; the same scale being applicable to any priced land and any priced house in a descending as well as an ascending ratio—that is , if land shall be purchased at a less amount than £ 18 15 s , an acre , £ 5 per cent , in rent shall be deducted from the reduced price of the land .

      Suppose , then , the occupant , whose land shall have cost £ 30 an acre , and whose house shall have cost £ 00 , and who shall have received £ 15 capital , that occupant will have cost the Company £ 135 , less £ 2 10 s . the ori ginal amount paid for the share—thus making the Company ' s expenditure £ 132 10 s . without taking credit for any portion of the £ 15 capital expended in operations of husbandry or other improvements which increase the value of the holding . For this £ 132 10 s . the Society receives £ 7 12 s . 6 d . in the shape of rent-charge , or within a fraction of 5 J per cent , upon ' the outlay , without any margin for the increasing value secured upon the expenditure of a man and his family's labour to that amount of ground . In the case of " a man holding four acres of ground , and whose house would cost £ 80 , the Society ' s profit would be reduced to about 5 J per cent , upon the outlay . This scale shows the equity of the standard upon which tha rent of allotments has been established , and , perhaps , may be met with the assertion , that it is a high per centage upon the outky , and which assertion we meet thus Firstly , —Without co-operation the occupants could not procure a single allotment . Secondly ,-An individual carrying out the scheme would charge rent according to tbe retail value , amounting to about £ 15 per cent ., regulated only by the convenience and desi e of the poor occupant to have a field whereon to expend his own labour . Thirdly ,-The individual would not convey the convenient allotment in fee , and consequently the occupant would be liable to a periodical increase of rent as a tax upon his own industry .

      Fourthly , —All profits consequent upon saving of rent over interest is divided equitably amongst the several shareholders . Fifthly , —A small proprietary class is the only possible means by which the fair standard of the price of labour can be established in the artificial market . The on ' y means by which po"r rales and workhouses can be made unnecessary ; The only means by which the national resources can bs fully developed and profitably cultivated ; The only metns by which famine-save that which is the will of God—can be averted ; The only means that can render man indifferent to foreign production ; The only means that can give an impetus to home trade and home industry ; The only means that , can secure a national milit ' a , who will fly to the cry of " My cottage and my country are in danger !"; The only means by which education can lie encouraged , health secured , and viula \ iou of the laws of society , be considered crime ; The only means by which the arts and sciences of Britain can lie madi ; to vie with those of any other na'imi upon earth . The only means by which the good in each man may be developed , and his evil propensities kept in subjection by the wholesome chastisement of public ceusure aud disapproval .

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 2, 1847, page unpag, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1399/page/1/