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Northern Star (1837-1852), 6th January 1849, Edition 1 of 3, Page 3, Untitled Article

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      Untitled Article

      BEAUTIES 0 ? BYRON . Second Series . We commence our second series of selections from the writings of Byron , by reprinting the following estnets from the beanHfal

      • ODB TO NAPOLEON BUO 1 TAPABTZ . ' ( 1 ) ( Reeommendad to the serious ooailderatloa of her * worshipper ! , glery . moif era , and wonld-ba initatori i the 'fcutird Cjeub , ' jtrtleularij Monsieur , the Prints Praldent of the Frenib Republic . ) 7 Jit done—bat yesterday a Eing I And arm'd with Stag * to etrtTVAnd now tbon art anunelesi thing : So abject—yet alire ! Is toil the am of tiotuand thrones , Tfno itrew * d o « r earth with nostlle tenet , And eta he this survive ! Since he , niicall'd the Homing Star , Nor man nor fiend hath fallen n far .

      m-mlnded man J why scourge lay kind W ho boit'd so low the knee ? By gazing on thytelfgro wn bll « 3 , Tbou tavgbftt the reit to lee I With might amqaeiUoned , —power to tm / mm Thine only gift baAh fcseB the grave , To those that wtwhlpp'd the * ; For till thy Ml ould mortals g « 8 f Ambition * ! ins than llttlentis ! Thanki for that lesson—it will teach To after warriors store , Than high Philosophy can preaeb , And Tainlj preash'd before . That spell nptn the minds of men Breaks nerer to unite again , That led them to adora Ihoae P » god things of sabw-iway , With froati of bnsi , and feet of clay . { 2 )

      The trioapB , and the vanity , The raptore of the strife The earthqwke voiee of Tiotory , To thee the breath of life ; Tte ewcri , On eeeptte , »» & thai « way Which man seem'd made bnt to obey , Wherewith reavwa was rife—AH quell' *! Dark Spirit ! what most Be Theaadneu « f thy memory ! Tko TJeaal&tor deiolate ! The Tietor Ttrthrewn ! The Arbiter of others' fate A Satpliaat for his own ! Is it some yet imperial hope , That -with such change « an calmly eops t Or dread of death alone ? To die a prince—er lire a slave—Thy eboiee Is most Ignobly brave I

      fTe whs of old woold rend tie oak , Sream'd aot of the rebound ; Cbaia'd by the tranfc fie vainly broie—Aloie—how look'd me round ! Toon , in the sternness » f thy strength , An equal deed has done at length , And darker fate hast found : Ee fell , the forest prowler's prey ; Sat taoa aast eat thy heart away I The Bomao , ( S ) when his burning heart Was slaked with blood of Borne , Threw down the dagger—dared depart , In savage grandeur , home—He tared depart In otter icorn Of men that such a yoke had borne , Yet left him such a doom J His oaly glory was that hoar Of lelf-ipheld abandoned power .

      Ins Spaniard when the lost of iway Had lost it * qmck ' ning spell , Gait crowns for rosaries away , An empire for a cell ; A strict accountant of bis beads A rattle diipntant on creeds . His dotage trifled well : ( 4 ) Xet better bad he aeitncr known A bigot ' s ihtine , nsr despot ' s throne . Bat tio»—from tfcy ttiaetant hand The thunderbolt is wrung—Too lite thoa leor ' st the high command To which thy weakness clung ; AH EvU Spirit as thoa art , It is enough to grieve the heart To see thine own unrtruug ; To think that God ' s fair world hath been The footstool of a . thing so scan j

      And Bsrth ba'b spilt her bleod for him , Who thus can hoard his own ! And aonarobs bow'd the trembling limb . And thank ' a him for a throne ; Fair Freedom i we may hold thee dear , When thus thy ttigntlast foes their fear In humblest gain hare abo wn . Oh ! ne ' er may tyrant leave behind A brighter name to lore mankind ! ( 5 ) Thine evil deeds are writ in gore , Kor writttn thus In vainlay triumphs tell of fame n » more , Or deepen every stain : If thoa badst died as honour dies Some new Napoleon might arise , To shame the world again—Bat who would soar the solar heigii , To let is inch a rtarieia night !

      Weigh'd in the balance hero dost , Is vile as vulgar clay ; Thy scales . Mortality ! are jost To all that pus away : Bat yet metboaghttbe living great Some higher spukshaold animate , ' To dazzle and dismay : Kor deem'd Contempt e » uld thos make mirth Of these , the Conquerors of the earth , » * * * # ? • • • • There was a day—there was an hour , While earth was Graft—Gaol thine—When that Immeasurable power TJnsattd to resign Had be : * an act o ? parer fame , Than gathers round KareBgo ' s name , And gilded tby decline , Through the long twilight of all tine , Despite some parsing loads of crime . Bat thoa forsooth siul be a king , Aa 4 don the psrple vest , — As if that foolish robe could wring Remembrance from tby breast . Where is that faded garment f where The gewgaws thoa wert fond to wear . The star—the string—tke crest i Tain fioward chili if empire ! say , Are ail thy playthings snatch'd away ?

      Where may the wearied eye repose , When garfng oa the great ; Where neither gnUty glory glows , TSot despicable state ! ' Tea—one—the first—the last—» tbe best—The Cincinnatas of the If eat , Whom emty dare a * t hate , Bequeath the tumt tf Washington , To make man V . uih ( here teas let Onel

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      lorindale , a Poem , in Six Cantos , mi other Poems By William Count . London : Simpkin and Marshall . This is the production of a working man , one of he toilers at the last and awl— a trade bo fertile in samples of genius . The author is young , and this olume is his first essays perfection in the tructura of his verse , therefore , eannot be tpected . His rhymes are chiefly estimable ir the love of liberty that they breathe , and ie proof they give that the spirit of freedom is nited * Uh taste in an increasing number among lie children of labour . We extract three stanzas rontone of his lesser poems , as a specimen of his nwers : —

      THE PAUPER . See ! wh « is this f enfeebled , slow , A sUff support * his frame ; Ell siKery lo » k « fly to and fro , — ApanperishfaBame . With featares wan , and palsied gait , What tares docs he endure ; See he eaters yender gate , — Taps st the parish door . As throng * the streets the pauper goes , Aihaxned he » ee ts y oar faoe ; Tot well the ebjeetpauper knows ,

      Poverty is disgraee . The coat he weaw , all fly the touch . As pregnant with disease ; Alas 3 this human nature ' s sucS , Bnt glittering ekow can please . A burden to his race is he , A » d t » btm « U bis life ; HU fosdut with that he might he Bat buried by his wife . Bat even tbat will bo denied , His asefal 4 ays are o'er , If he tut lives , that Is enough , — He must expect-no more .

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      Tht History of Ireland . By Thomas Wnght , M . A ., F . S . A ., &e . Par * V . Loadon j J . and P . Tallis , 100 , St John Street The fifth part of this ably-written ^ oik brings the history of Ireland down to the commencement f the reign of Heiry V . The leading features of the sad story are still the same—oppression on the part of the strong , division on the part of the weak . The dttailB of slaughter , rapine , treachery , and every possible crime are painfully overwhelming . Tha feuds of jthe Anglo-Irish barons added to the herrors of the times , aud tht Geraldines , the Da Burghs , the De Laceys , and the other lords of tht Pale , appear to have acted with a degrea of tillany towards each other not at all inferior to tha atrocity

      of their common conduct towards tha orig inal Irub . Plunder , massacra , assassination , and violence of every kind , appear to hate bean the unceasing pursuits of these precious specimens of ' the age of chivalry . ' These worthing were in the habit of even getting the English government at defiance , and usually with impunity . Not always so , however , for in 1331 the Lord "William de Benningham , waa publicly hanged at Dublin . ' It is to be regretted that one monopolised what was so well deserved by allthe gallows . It affords ns pleasure to testify to the impartial character of this history—go far as the work has yet progressed ! We « " «* not o » it to add our testimony to the ability which the historian exhibits in every page of his striking narrative .

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      The Reasoner . Parts XXXI ., XXXII / London : J . Watson , 3 , Queen ' s Head Passage , Paternoster Row . These Parts of the Reasoner contains a numher of valuable articles—historical , political , polemical , and critical worthy the perusal and reflection of those who desire to read that they may think , and thinking be the better armed for acting in that great struggle which at present divides society into opposing forces—the struggle of progression against conservatism ; A thinking ptopte * could never be enslaved—an enslaved people learning to think would soon terminate their bondage . TU mi « 4 alone , Worth steel and stone , That kesps men free fer ever I ' The numbers forming the 32 nd Part are more than ordinarily interesting . ' The Character of Kobespierre , * as drawn by Caber , tempts quotation , bnt -want of span forbids .

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      Me Family Herald . Parts LXVI ., LXVIL , LXVIII Londen : G . Biggs , 421 , Strand . Our oft-expressed approval of the general contents of this publication we may conscientiously repeat , but we should be sorry to stead god-father to some of he qneer notions set forth by the editorial oracle . Far \ nstance , in the 'Answers to Correspondents' in No . 288 , we see the London police lauded as efficient , brave , well deserving their pay , and all the good that is said of them . '(?) All London is aware that the force in question is at renowned for its brutality , as for its bravery . Of course political spies well deserve their pay ! Amongst the miscellaneous and selected matter of the numbers before us , we find the following , ex * tracted from the Dublin Univenity Magazine : — AN OBE OF H&F 1 Z , I can't bat think yen much ia the wrong , prophet , 'When s < m cursed Ihe awisa and tha wine grape ' s JU ^ W } Trust me , th ' s Is theehort and the Ioag of it : — £ rerthingpleasanthas its a « e . This is as true as is the Koran—I will maintain it against a host ; The ssgeof Sfecea , with all his lore , ran Here his w ' c - head agaiast a post , Great , undoubtedly , was Mohammed—Great in all his divine affairs , Bat the man who banished good wine and ham , said More , believe me , thaa his prayers . Both salt most tastes—I oa'diarll / take oh Uyielf to ta . j which is most to -m ' . a >; Bat I almost think , to sava my basoa , I'd ' go the whole hee , ' and zive np t n wine !

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      A History of Gloucester , and a Descriptive Account of the same City and its Suturtu Gloucester : f . Bond , Eastgate Street . Visitors to the ancient and famous city of Gloucester irill find this little book a useful companion . A brief sketch of the rise , progress , and vicissitudes of the city from th « Roman invasion to the present time , precedes a description of the streets , public buildings , the cathedral , and other structures devoted to relig ious service , the port , railways . &c , &c . The work is embellished with two well-executed engravings , one giving a general view of the city , and the other a view of the magnificent e&thedr&l .

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      The Northern Cousirss Ore Hundbeb akb Sixty Tbabs si . vcb— -A largo part of the country beyond Trent was , dewn to the eighteenth centnry , in a state of barbarism . Physical and moral eauseB had occurred to prevent civilisation from spreading to that region . The air was inclement ; the soil waa generally sueh as required skilfol and illustrious cultivation ; and there tould ba little skill or industry in a tract which was often the theatre of war , and which , even when there was nominal peace , was constantly desolated by bands ef Scottish marauders . Before the union of the two British cwwns , and long after that union , there was as great a difference between Middlesex asd Northumberland as there now is between Massachusetts and the settlements of those squatters who , far to ( he west of the

      Mississippi , administer a rude justice with the rifl * and the dagger . In the reign of Chwrim the Second , the traces left by ages of slaughter and pillage were atill distintly perceptible , many miles fiont * of tne Tweed , in the face of the country , and in the lawless manners of the people . There was still a large class of mosstroopere , whose calling was to plusider dwellings and to drive away whole herds ef cattle . It was fonnd necessary , boob after the restoration , to enact lawB of great severity for the prevention of these outrages- The magistrates of Northumberland and Cumberland were authorised to raise bands of armed man , for the defence of property and order ; and provision was rasde for meeting the expenee of those levies by taxation . The parishes ware required to keep

      bloodhounds for the purpose of hunting the freebooters . Many old men , who wen living in the middle of the eighteenth oentury , eonld well remember the time when those feroeiois degs were eoatmon . Yet , even with such auxiliariw , it was often found impossible to track the robbers to their retreats among the hills and morasses ; for the geography of that wild country was very imperfectly known . Evea after the accession of George III ., the path over the fells from Barrowdale to Ravenglas was still a secret carefully kept by ths dalesmen , Borne of whom had probably in their youth escaped from the pursuit of joatice by that road . The seats of the gentry and the larger farm-honses were fortified . Oxen ware f enned at night beneath the overhanging baWementa of the residence , which was

      known by the name of the peel . The umates Blept with arms at their sides . - Huge stones and boiling water were in readiness to crush and scald tae plunderer wko migat venture to assail the little garrison . No traveller ventured info that country without making his will . The judges on circuit , with the whole body of barristers , attorneys , clerks , and serving men , rode on harsebaek from Newcastle to Carlisle , armed , and escorted by a strong guard under the command of the shetiftV It was neceBswy to carry provisions , for the caantry was a wilderness whiob afforded no supplies . The spot where the oa valcade halted to dine , under an immense oak , is Hot yet forgotten . The irregular vigour with which criminal justice was administered shocked observers whose life had be ? n passed in more tranquil districts .

      Juries , animated by hatred , and by a sense of common danger , convicted housebreakers and cattle stealers with the promptitude of a court-martial in a mutiny ; and the convicts were harried by scores to the gallowB . Within tha memorj of some who aie ¦ till living , the sportsman who wandered in pnnnit of game to the sources of the Tyne , fonnd the heaths ronnd Keeldar Castle peopled by a race scarcely le s s savage than the Indians of California ; and heard , with Barprite , the half-naked women chanting a wild owrsure , while tha men . with brandished forks , danced a war-dance . —Ifacaufoj /' s History of England . A MoRAiiiT Biiien . —Campbell went to Paisley

      races got prodigiously interested in the first race , and betted on the success of one horse to the amount ef £ 50 with Professor Wilson . At the end of the race he thought he had lost the bet , and said to Wilsen , ' I owe yoa £ 39 , bnt really , when I reflect that you ate a PiofeiEor of Moral Philosophy , and that betting is & sart of gambling only fit for blacki A i !» an bring my conscience to pay the bat . ' Oh , eaid Wilson , ' I very much approve of your principles , and mean to act upoa them . In point of fact , xeilow Cap , on whom you betted , has won the race ; aed , but for conscience , I on ? ht to pay you the £ 50 , bat jou will excuse me . '— Seattle ' s Life of Camp bell .

      CoN BBBVATiSM RsvoLTJnsvAat !—There is nothing so revolutionary , because there is nothing so unBatural and so convulsus to society , as the strain to keep things fised when all the world is b y the very law of its creation in eternal ptogren ; and the cause of all the evils may be traced to that natural but most deadly error ol human indolence and corruption , that our busineBS is to preserve , and not to improve . It ia the rnin of all alike , —individuate , schools , and national— -Dr Arnold ,

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      Sometime in the year 1847 , we reviewed a small publication issued by Mr Cleave , l , Shoe Lane , Fleet Street , entitled ' Extinction qf Pauperism , by Prince Louis Napoleon Butnaparte . ' Although never failing to remember the injunction ; ' put not your tru 6 t in prinoeM , ' wb nevtrtheless felt ourselves constrained t »> express general approbation of the work in questiox . It was when a prisoner at Han , that Louis Napoleon wrote down bis thoughts on the condition of the piople—their sufferings—and

      IHE PRESIDENT OF THE TRENCH REPUBLIC ON THE ' EXTINCTION OF PAUPERISM . ' - *¦

      the remedy for those sufferings , ' Sweet are the uses of adversity f Whw a prisoner , Louib Napoleon felt with and for the people . But does the same feeling mote him now that he is President of the Republic ? W « shall ere long see . For ourselves we confess we have no faith in the intentions of the President . His ahoice of ministers and other officials , tells a tale not to ba misunderstood by men possessing co « m « n sent * , Moreover , has he lot Thibrs for hit principal adviser behind the scenes ? So rumour asserts , and neither himself nor his friends have contradicted tbe report . With such , an archknave at his elbow it will be impossible for him to act well , if ever so well-inclined . But after all we may fiud ourselves mistaken . Tim * will tell .

      In the meantime , it will be well to recall the published views of Louis Napoleon on the Labour Question . With this xiew « s reprint the following extracts from the work above named , at the same time recommending our readers to purchase the work itself .

      THB EXBTIira BTWtBU CONOBUNBD . The wealth of -a country dopaads upon the prosperity of agriaultare and industry , the development of commerce at h > mea » d abroad , and a just and equitable distribution of the revenue . There is not one of ihesa different elements ot pwBperity whioh ib not undMamatUn fTaMe by anorgauio defoot . All indepandaat minds acknowledge it . They differ only in , f . e&ud t » tha remsdies to be applied . Labour , the source of all wealth , has neither system , organisation , ner aim . It is lika a machine

      working witkont a regulators , and totally » nconceraed aboat ib moving power . Crashing between its whetfs alike men and matter , it depopulates tho country , crowds the population into Barrow spaces witheufc air , eofeebles both mind and body , and finally , casts into the streat , when it no longer requires them , those « ea who , to gain something , have sacrificed strength , youth , and existence . Like a veritable Saturn , manufacturing industry devours its children , and lives but upon their destruction .

      Homo commerce suffers , because industry produces too muoh in comparison with the slender requital it gives to the producers ; whilst agriculture does not produce sufficient . The nation is linn composed of producers who cannot sell , aid of famished consumers who cannot buy . This Iom of balante oaue « a tha government here , as in England , to go to China in search of some thousands of consumers ; whilst there are millions of French , or English , who are Btripped » f eyerytWDff , and who , if they eould pureha « e sufficient food and clothing , would create a comnwrcialmoveraasrt much more considerable than that caused by the most advantageous treaties .

      THE BBMBDT . What should be do&e ? Here it is . Our law of equality relative to the division of property ruins » griculture . This inconvwisnee must be remedied by association , which , by employing every idle arm , shall re-create great estates , and increase cultivation , without causing any disadvantage to our political principles . Manufacturing industry continually drawB the population into towns , and enervates their . We mustraall those iatofialdB , who are toonumer . pus in towns , and invigorate their minds and bodies in the country . To aooonplisk a project so worthy of the democratic and philaothropio spirit of tha age , so necessary for th « general well-being , and so uaefnl to the repose of society , three things are neoemry : —hi , A law . 2 nd , Ths advancement of funds from the budget . 3 rd , Organisation .

      The Law . —There are in France , according to offi . cial agricultural statistics , 0 , 190 , 000 acres of uncaltivated lands balonging to government , to bsnuahi , or Individuals . Thesa heaths , commons , or pasture landa , yield a vaey small rent of eight francs an acre . They are like sank capital benefiting no one . Lot the Chamfers decree that all these uncultivated lands shall belong in right to the working association , on condition that they annually pay to the actual propriftars the same amount whiob . they reoeive now . Let them consign the idle acres to the idle arms , and these two unproductive capitals will spring into life , the one operating upon ihe other . Then the means will have been discovered of mitigaiiag misery by enriching tt » e country .

      The Okoakibation—The unorganised mate are nothing ; united , they are everything ; without on ganisation they oan neither speak themselves , nor make o&ers understand them ; they cannot even receive or act upon a commoa impulse . Oa the one hand , the voice of twenty millions of men , scattered over a vast territory , h lost in eoho ; on the other , therois no language sufficiently strong and paruiarive to spring from a central point , and bear to twenty millions of conscianoea , without recognised mediators , the severe doctrines of power , The reign of castes is over . We can only govern now by the masses . It is , therefore , necessary to organise them , that they may reduce their wishes to form ; and to diEsipline them , so that they may be dirated towards , and enlightened upon , their real interests .

      To govern , means no longer to rule the people by violence and physical force ; but the art of conducting them towards a more glorious future , by appealing to their reasons and feelings . Bat aince tke masses need instruction , and the government requires to be restrained , and even enlightened , as to the interest of the greatest aumber , it is absolutely necessary that there should be in bo * ciety two equally powerful movements : the action of power Hpon tbe mass , and the re-action of the mass upon power . ^ These separate influences cannot act without collision , except -through mediators , who at once possess the confidence of those whom they represent , and tbs confid « noc of those who rule .

      These mediators would possess the confidence of the first , the moment they were freely elected by them ; and they would deserve the confidence of the secsnd , the moment they filled an important place in society ; for oie may say in general , that man is that which the functions he performs obliges him to be . Guided by these considerations , we wish to see created between the workmen and their employers , an intermediate class , enjoying rights legally recojniisd , and elected by the whole mass of workmen . To avoid the reproach of exaggeration , we will Buppose tbat two-thirds of these nine millions of acres can be given up to the aseoeiations , and that the remainder may be either un-arable oroocupied by houses , rivers , canals , ins . There will remain 6 , 127 , 000 aores to be clemd ,

      This work would be rendered po 3 sib ! e by the creation of agricultural colonies , which , when scattered all over France , would form the basis of a single and vast organisation , of which all the poor workmen might ba members altiwu&fc ustia < lwulu . &lpr . Q prietara . [ Bat , in time , as will afterwards be seen , collective proprietors . ] Ths Fcnds . —The necessary advance of money for the creation of those colonies ought to be famished by the state . According to our estimate . 300 mil . lionB of fraacB or £ 12 , 000 000 , payable in four yeara , would be required .

      After the lapse of thai time these colonies , by affording the means of existence to a great mass of workmen , weald be a direct benefit . At the end of ten years , the government might levy a land tax of eight millions of francs , or £ 320 , 000 , without wanting the natural increase of indirect taxes , which always augment in proportion to the consumption , which expands with the general comfott of the people . This advanee of 300 millions of francs would not then be a sacrifice , but a magnificent investment of money ; and cenld the State , on contemplating tbe grandeur of the object , refase it , whilst annually expending forty-six millions of francs in preventing or

      punishing attacks made upon property j whilst sacrificing every year 300 millions of francs in teaching the trada at soldieriBg ; and whilst proposing an expenditure of 120 millions ot francs in the construction of new prisens ? In short , the nation which without perishing gave 2 , 000 millions to the invaders of France , which without murmuring paid 1 , 000 mil lions to emigrants , which without alarm expended 300 millions on the fortifications of Paris ; will that nation , I ask , hesitate to advance 300 millions in four years to abolish pauperism , to relieve the community of the enumous burdens imposed by misary , and t » augment the territorial wealth by more than 1 , 000 millions ?

      This intermediate clasa would form the corps of maiagers or overseers . We should like all the working men to assemble in their respective communes every year , and proceed to the election of their repraentativea or overseers , in the proportion of ose to every ten workmen . Good conduct would be the sole qualification . Every manufacturer , or farmer , or any tradesman whatever , should fce compelled by law to have a manager whenever he employed more than ten workmen ; and to pay him double the amount of a common workman .

      Theso managers would perform amongst the working classes the same duty that con commissioned officers do in Ihe aray ; they would compose tbe first step in the social hierarchy , stimulating tbe laudable ambition of all , by skewing them a recem * pense easy U be ob' . ained . Elevated ia their own estimation by ihe dut ' ei

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      they had to perform , thoy would be compelled to eei an example of good conduct . According to tbis & *! u ry te , n ° A lh « workmen would contain within themselves the germ of perfection . ihe question of giving an impulse to ihe mass , of enlightening them , of appealing to them , and of canting them to aot , is found to rest limply in the relation which one bears to ten , Suppose there are twenty-five milltois of men , who exist by labour alone , there would be two millions and a half of managers or intermediate agents , to whom they could agpeal with greater oonfidsnee , beoause they participate at once in the interests of those who obey , as well as of those who oonamand .

      These managers would be divided into twoolasses . The first would belong to private industry ; tha lecond would ba employed in the agricultural establishments . And , we repeat , this different mission would be the result of the right of direct election by all the working daises .

      AGHKUJLTUBAL 01 LONIE 3 . Let us suppose that the three preceding measure * have been adopted . The twenty-five millions of actual workmen have their representatives , and tho fourth part of the sgricniiurel area of France is their property , supposing they did , as they most assuredly would in the end , purchase the actial proprietorship . In each department of France , and in the first instance , wherever the uncultivated lands were , agricultural colonies would b « established , offering food , education , religious instruction , and work , to all who required them ; and God knows the number is great in France .

      The managers of theee colonies would be in proportion of one to ten , as in private business . Above the managers there would be directors , whose duties would be to teach agriculture . These directors would be elected by the workmen and managers combined . Before they were eligible they would require to produce proof of a praotioal knowledge of agriculture . Finally , above the directors , managers , and warkers , there would be a governor for each ooloaj . He w » uld be nominated by tbe united directors and soaasgers . " The administration would be compoaai of the goverocr , one-third of tha directors , and two-thirds of the managers .

      A severe discipline would reign over these aota nies . Life would tkere be salutary bnt rough , for their object is not to hatea idlers , but to ennoble men by healthy and remunerative labour , as well as by moral education . The workmen aad their families w » uld be treated in thesieplest manner possible . Lodging , food , and olothing would be regulated by the army tariff ; for military organisation u the only one which is based atence on the comfort of all its members and the strictest economy . These establishments , however , would not be military , they would only borrow from the aray its admirable order , and that would ba all . The ar » y is simply an organisation . The workieg claw would form an association . These two bodiee differ In principle and object Until the colony yielded profit , all tbe workmen wonld be lodged in barrack * constructed like military onee .

      These healthy constructions , built on a small scale , wonld contain ten men and their overseers , or one family . As soon as the receipts surpass tbe azpentes , the barracks would be replaced by move healthy buildings , ereetad according to a matured plan , i Accessory buildings would then bo added to afford the members of the coloay and their children both civil and religious instruoties . FWally , vast hospitals wanld be built for the infi < m , and for those whose age made . labour impossible . Every year the account * would be published , laid before tbe general assembly of workmen , and submitted to the general council of Hie department foi their approral , who wonld likewise have tbe right to discharge the Manager or directors who had « xhibitotdany incapacity .

      Every year the governors of the colonies would have to proceed tc Paris , and there , under the pregidence of the Minister of the Interior , duouss the best means of employing their fands , for the general benefit of the association .

      RECEIPT * AHS 1 XPBH 3 B 9 . According to onr supposition , the working men ' s association would kave to claim two-thirds of uncultivated land ; , or 6 , 12 ? . 000 acres . To ascertain how much these acres would yield , if subjected to proper cultivation , without any being left fallow , we have made the following calculation ;— . The number of acres of cultivated lands . in all Franc * , is .. ... 193 H . 741 The natural and artificial prairies ' 5 , 774 , 715 Total 26 . 089 , 486 The rough value of the produce of thase lands is : — For the arable soil 3 . 479 , 583 , 005 For the prairies ... ... 660363 . 412

      Total i , U 5 dlflA 17 tc The average produce per acre , for seed or prairie lands , would rise to 165 francs per acre . On the other hand , there are in France 51 , 0 * 6 S , 84 o" domestic animals of every kind , which give a rough produce of 767 . 251 , 851 francs , without comprising tbs value f meat consumed . Taking one with the other , each head of cattle produces 15 ? ., and as those animals are fed on twenty-Bix millions of acres , it will make two for each acse . Wa may say that the average produce of each acre is 105 francs , 165 from tUe land and 30 from the animals . Our 6 , 127000 acreB put into cultivation or pasture , would ykid from tbe 010 and

      rough produca of the sou 1 , , 055 000 francs , from the produos of animals 183 , 810 , 000 , making a total of 1 , 104765 . 000 frtnes . Deduct from that mm tke amount these landa cow produce—viz ., 61 , 700 , 364 francs , and the territorial wealth would be augmented by 1 , 140 , 850 , 636 francs . Let us now estimate the expense . To assist onr calculations , let us suppose that the lands to be cleared are equally spread over eaoh political division ot France . We would have then to divide tfce lumber of acres by 66 , which would leave for each department 71241 aores . Fixing twenty years as the time after whioh all these lands should be cultivated , there wouM be for each , department 3 , 662 acres to clear aanually ,

      The number of hands required for thia wcrk could be regulated thus : one workman would on an average olear three acres annually , as he can do two of woodland or four of turf . But , as we muBt calculate sickness , and likewise , that after the sscond year the workmen would be obliged to attend to the cultivation of the soil , and assist Uw agricultural families , who would be annually augmenting , we will suppose that only two acres are annnally cleared . It would be necessary , then , to employ 1 , 781 wo-kmen to accomplish the work in twenty years , and aa there would be cleared annually 3 , 562 acres , the colony would receive every year 120 families to assist in the cultivation of those cleared latds .

      A large landed proprietor informs us , that under the old system of agrieulture , of wheat , corn and fallow alternating , it was necessary to employ on a farm of 150 Mies , eight domestics , six thrashers , and tweaty harvest men . Under the new system , when the pastures are replaced by green crops requiring weeding , one hand more would be required each year . We have calculated two beasts per acre in France . The colony would then annually purchase double the number of cattle t » the acres which they had cleared during the preceding year ; Thus during theintemlof tvranty years , theoulony w « uld have its receipts and expenses pregresshe ' y increasing . ¦ ¦

      _ The receipts , without counting the first ; government advances , would be composed of the periodical augmentation of 8 , 562 acres , and their annual increamin v alue ; for admitting that each , acre yields 195 francs , the lands would not preduoe that amount , except at the end of three years , and after four yeara of cultivation . Tbat is to Bay , each acre after being cleared would yield the first year G 5 francs , the second 130 , and each succeeding year 195 francs . As for the expenses independent of the first outlay , the expenditure would be continually renewed , Buoh

      as for the payment of 1781 workmen and 120 families , the rent due to boroughs or individuals , seed , outhousei , mausEemeHt , and 7 , 124 beasts to purchase . Besides there would be eaoh year a regular increase in expenses caused by the maintenance of 120 new families , and the erection of barmks to lodge . Each workman would receive the pay of a-soldier , and eaoh family that of three workmen . - Glothfcg would be cheaper for the werkman than for the soldier ; but we will calculate it at the market price . Each man would annually cost , inelnding everything , 318 francs . The managers would receive the pay of noncommissioned officers ; the directors that of officers ; and the govetnor that of a colonel . EMPLOYMENT AND ADVANCS 07 WAOBS . All the poor , all who were out ot wotk , would find in thorn means of employing mind and body for the benefit of the entire community . The poor of one department could remove to the colony of the next ; or cultivated lands might he pur * chased , which , although unprofitable to individuals , might be advantageous to an aaaociation . It is dear that the wotkman who was always sure to fiad a living in the agricultural colonies would , not accept of private employment unless the latter presented greater beEefits than the former ; hence a remunerative scale of wages would always be maintained

      . ? * # Let us not be accused of dreamirg of an impossibility . . We have only to recall to mind the example of the famous English East India Company . Wiist is it bat an association like that which we

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      propoie , whowreenlto , althongh astonishing , an not bo favourable to humanity as tbat whiob we call fox wjtk a ) i oar heart and soul ; S 1 YIKW AND C 0 XCUJB 10 N . In the summary view we have given ef tbe benefits , we have kept within the troth ; for the cultivation of a fourth part of the uncultivated lands wonld not only increase by a quarter the tongb . re < venue of Franoe . but this korease of wealth would give to all branches of national industry an immense stimulus , whioh ia more easy to understand thaa explain ii all its details .

      Not only would these colonies prevent , In twenty years , nwre than a million of human beings from languishing in aiiery , not inly wonld they support a heat of workman in connexion with agrieulture , but tha annual exchange of 800 millions of fraaos worth of land products for ethers would increase consumption and improve ihe flone market . This demand would present an outlet for all the fruits of industry mere insideiabltt than the most advantasaous commercial treaties would effect , beoause the 800 milliona offrancs value , surpass by 156 millions the value of all our exsortatioBS , whioh only awount to 6 ii millions of franos .

      To make ibis reasoning more apparent and to show the va » t importance of the home market , let hs sip-• og » these agricultural colonies were not within our territorial boundary , bnt ^ eparated from > he continent by an arm of the sea , and a line of custom-house * ffi « era , and that they were nevertheless compaLled to have no conmeroial dealings except with France . It is clear that if their agricultural produee realised profits of 800 millions of fraeos , that Bum would be exchanged for various continental produce . It maybe preaanoa that these colonies , from tbe nature of the soil , will produce grain and cattle , rather than wine . But by augmenting the quantity of wheat , and of flash meat , they would lower the price of commoH necessaries and increase consumption by putting them within reach of the working classes .

      To sum np . The system which we propose Ib the result of all the ideas which have emanated from the most able political economists of the last half cesiurr . In M . Gwiia ' s Siatistieal and Official Agrioulinral R « pcrt , page xxviii , the Minister declares that the greatest progress to be obtained is by reclaiming the waste lands which do not yield more than eight franos per acre . Our project realises ibat idea . Oar prejeet confers upon the unemployed all that u calculated to improve tke condition of man , comfort , education , order , » nd the chance whioh is afforded everyone of elevating himself by his own

      merit and industry . Our brsaoisatioH tends to nothing lescr than the making , in the course of a few years , the poorer class ** the richest association in all France . According to our system wages would be fixed , as all human thing ? ought to be regulated , not by force , bat according to theJjost equilibrium established befcweei the wants of those who toil aad theneossslim of thoae who acovide work . In she K * H > t day all flock to Paris , whioh as a centre absorbs all tha energies of the country ; our system , without injuring tha centre , would carry life to the furthest extremities , by bringing into action eigktyaix new ayetemu , working under the direction ef tke ro ts * nment .

      What is wasting to realise such a project ? One year ' s pay of ihe aray , fifteen times the sum given to America , or an expense equal to that employed on the fortifications of Paris . This advaue wonld after twenty years , bring back to Franca 1000 millions , to the working classes 800 millions , and a revenue of thirty-seven millions of fraaes . Let the government put our project into ? xeoution , modifying it aceording to the experience of men well Tinad in inch complicated matters , and who may supply useful hints and east new lights upon then . Lat it take to heart the grea £ national interests Let lit establish tha comfort of the masses , on an immovable basis , and it will become immovable itself . Poverty would no longer become seditions , when it

      Was no Unper oppressive . It is a great and holy mieaion , and worthy of man ' s highest ambition to strive to subdue human nature , to heal all wounds , to io » the the sufferings of hama nity , by uniting tha people of the Bame country in one common Interest , and . by accelerating that future whioh civilisation will sooter or later u&he * in . In the beginsing of tke last century La Fon aino uttered this sentence , whioh is too often true , bul always Bad and so destructive of society order , and hierarchies . ' I tell you in plain French oar enemy in oar master . ' Ia ( he presant day the aim of every wise government eheuld ba to bring about a time , whaa it might be said , ' the triumph of Christianity baa destrayed slavery : the triumph of the French revolution baa destroyed servitude , and the triumph of democracy has destroyed pauperism . ')!

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      Ths ' Timw' new Printiso Machine . —The Times , in a long leading article , gives a description of a printiag machipa , whish has beea for the past two months in uae id that office , whereby the extraordinary number of 140 copies oan be thrown off in a minute . It is a machine caving eight cylinders . Hitberto , the rate at which it has been worked is about ; 1000 revolutions per hour , or 8000 impressions ; but it is probable that it will be ultimately worked to 12 , 000 copies an hour . The name of the gentleman who constructed tbis wonderful piece of mechanism is Mr Augustus Applegarth of Dartford . Riligion o ? the Shopocracy . —Christianity is fast degenerating among them from a living power to a lifeless form—from a principle to a sentimentfrom an inward motive t *> an outward profession . It is sinking into a routine of devotional exercise * , the

      tifects of which terminate with themselves . It puts orthodoxy in the place ef reverence for truth—and substitutes pwuniary . ' subscripfcioce . 'foractive personal exertion . It is an agency to be worked pretty excluBivoly by ministers . It builds up ' interests , ' iustead ef grappHag with evils . It aspires to be gen t « el , rath « r than irresistible . Its love of justice ie not allowed to make a disturbance at home—if it wants play , it must go to a distance . Its charity prefen foreign object * . Taking it' for all in all / it stritos one as an almost impoBetrab'e mass of conve » tion » li « m—n 6 ; positively dead , hut completely ovtriaid—sickly , fanciful , feminine—as an existence dwindling into nominalism—as a life , fast decaying —as a power , , $ 11 but void of efficiency . Of course , there are exceptions—but , in the main , we fear , saeh is the religionism of the middle classes of oar

      times . The Emperor or Russia ' s Household Guard — This cavalry corps is the Emperor ' s pride , and is the flower of his household brigade . The finest men in the army are drafted into it , and their uniform and appointment * are superb . The men are as nearly as possible of tbe same height , and uniformity is carried eut to an absurd extant . Tnoae whose upper lips are so disloyal as not to be productive of a sufficient growth of hair are corked and painted , that all may ' ook alike ; and the expenditure ef cotton must be immense , for one man is taken as a standard and the rest are padded all over to bring them out to tbat shape and size . Such a youthful regiment I have seldom sean , and consequently the black brash is in

      great requisition . At a little distance the ettectis splendid , and even when dose the making up is to admirably done that it is difficult to distinguish the really musoular from the stuffed and bo ' stered men o war . Tho uniform ia verysimi / ar to our Life Guards , hut white , with silver appointments ; and instead of our plume in ( he helmet they wear tbe spread eagle , which makes a meet beautiful and becoming military head-dress . Instead of the cuirass , on this occasion , they wore a red coverlet , with a yellow atar in the front , an old usage still pressrved on state oceaaiona . Tae Emperai appears aa Colonal of tbe rejime&t , and in which uniform he appears by far the best . He ib followed by his aides-de-camp ; he inspects the troops aa he pusses along ; those he

      has inspected set np a mechanical shout , a sort of howl oi approval ( very different from the heart ; cheer we hear froa British t » s » p 8 . ) This howl csntiaueH , perpetually increasing in volume , till the whole are reviewed , when , paBsiog to the centre , the Emperor waves his royal gauntlet , and a death-lake B illaeBa prevails . The army is a sort of automaton ; every eye is centered upon him ; fee pulla the wires by a nod or look , and the tsaehine performs its work . The religion which teaches them that' God and the Emperor * are the first to be reverenced , gives them the idea that in the capacity of their king he is more than human , and they worship him aeeordinfilT ; the devotion oi the Russian to his Empe » or is astonishing . The RnaBian uncovers on the approach of the Emperor , and remains bo until he takes his departure , which may not be for hourB ; it weu'd be sacrilege to cover the head in his auguBt ni-pup . n ' fifl . —Alkimm ' s rictwes of the North .

      Crhioisu os Art . — A small crowd gathered ba . fore a window recently . to admire the figure of a cat that was there , aa if for pabiio inspection . Nearly ever y one was delighted with its likeness to life . « B ut still * * eaid AugaBtus , ' there are faults in it : it is far from perfect ; observe the defect in the fore shortening of that paw , now ; and the expregsioR of that eye , too , is bad ; basidep . the mouth is too far down under the chin , while thewhi . 'kers look as it thev wer « coming out of her ear *; . It is too short , to ? But , as if to obviate this defect , the fi . ure stretched itself and rolled over in the iun . ' It is a cat , I vow , ' said a bystander . I * alive ! ' shouted an urchin , clapping his handa . 'Why , it ' s only a cat atter all , ' exclaimed Mrs Partington , as the surveyed it through her Bpees ; but Augustus moved on disappointed that nature had fallen so short of his ideas of perfection ia the manufacture of cats . Bat Augustus waa quite as competent a critic as many others whose judgment of painting leads the town . —JViw fork Observtr .

      Lowi NAiMiWa Livbrt . —His servants' livery ia precisely the Bame a # | that of the Emperor—a green ceat with gold buttons , black silk Btookings and plush shorts . Owing to the great affluence of visitors two days of the week have been fixed upon as reception days .

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      ^ . — " ^¦^"" -w .-w- ^ . ^ ., j-sv . rffifi , /• jww ^ s -- ^__ . . __^ DiokenB received £ 3 , 000 forhia Nicholas Kj-kkby Earthquakes . —Two shocks of earthquake were felt ob ths 5 fh of November last at Kingston ' in Jamaioa . *' Thinkimq . -Nq one Iearna to think by getting * ule » for thinking , but by setting materials fur thought . The Duke of Athol is bnay with legal measures to prevent the right of way through his forest The Aylsebury batchers are selling meat at 3 } d , and prime j tin to at 4 £ d . perlb . Famca Pouljrj . — Largo quantities of turkeys And other poultry were last week imported from France for the metropolitan market . Among the list ef penalties for the regulation of Q , « esn Elietbath's household was the following i ~ . 'That owe tor with . 'he maidens en paiu of four .

      psBoe , Naw Method < sv Makinci : Bdtter—The New York Mirror states that a discovery has been made of a mttthod ot producing butter instantly by forcing air throngh cream . BsHWicitL Bkquht . —A . retired physician in Dublin has bequeathud one third of all hia property expettal to naliae £ 00 , 000 , to the caacer waul o ' . the Middleewc Hospital . * A Lucky Fhixow . —A . faw days ago , a man named William Jeakina found £ 300 , in bank , no ca , Wk Castle Street , I < iyerpool , carefully wrapped up in a

      parcel . The New Roaan government permit the theatrei to ba opened during Advent , which is quite contrary to tbe rule * ef the Catholic Churoh . VkbtPkopbr . —A proposition hag been submitted to the Schle » wl g and Holatein National Assembly to abilish the episcopal sees , and apply the funds to public eduoatien . Wiid Ducks . —Numerous large gflocks of wild dunks passed over Sunderl&nd daring tbe ni ^ ht of Tuesday , disturbing the peaceful inhabitaats by their gabble . ^ A Jew , a Gkntlbman at arms . —Amongst iha gentlemen recently appointed by her Msjestv t > her corps of 6 entlemen . at . arma ia Mr Philip Solomons , a Jaw . A field of ta&ttB , ue&r LlnlUhgow was ltd ia on Thursday reek laat in fair condition , well ripened . and oenBi'dering the inclemency of the weiliier of late , in tolerably good order .

      Lioehsbd Mesmerism . — The city authorities ef Colambua , Ohio , charged one Profeggor Ke « ly forty odd dollars for a licence to lecture on mesmerism ia th&Uity . Emigration . —No less than 65 , 123 persons ( of whom 63 , 750 left for the United States ) embarked from Livmpwl during the half year ending SO . h June , 2843 , ia 403 sbipi . Horsiblb Awumht . —Lately , ft man employed ia ohemUal works at Neath , Glamorganshire , fell up to his waiifc in a still of vitrol ; bnt some hopa are entertained that he will recover from his injuries .

      A Paris oarioature represents Louis ' Philippe re « solving a kwk from Lamartiae , who is rec ^ iviu ^ one from CavaigBBO , who is in turn kiokeu by Louii Napoleon ; then coraeaasoroll— 'To b » continued . ' Ecokomy . —The Builder mentions a Belgian ' s very economical notion . He propoua to attach bnkehouses to tha stations en the railways where the coke furnaces are placed , and t » bake bread with the lost heat . Gekkbal Tost Thumb . —The American papers state the illustrious manikin to be in excellent health , and that his « ia » and weight have ml incceased . He appears nightly at the Broadway Theatre , New Terk .

      A bow , belonging to a villager of Rait , near Dundee , lately attempted to swallow a live rat , head foremott . The rat stuck its tusks so fast iu the throat of the nnluoky sow that she was choked . Thx SxAKBrgLa Hau . Moubkrs , —The woman who attended the ledke gates at Stanfield Hall , has received such & shook from the horrible murder of her masters the Messrs Jenny , that it has been ne > cessary to remove her to a madhouse . Mukk Imitated . —Musk is imitated by dropping 3 J drachma of nitric aoid on one drachm of rectified oil of amber . In tha course of & _ day a black aubst&noa is produced , which emails like mask , —Cfiimi eal Tmee ,

      Loots Napoleon hab » bp . —When Louis Napoleon Bonaparte oaBfcemplated leaving the metropolis for Paris after the Revolution , he waa so reduced in financial matters that he had to borrow on security ££ , 000 , wkioh no athjevfid with difficulty . IiIbbbation ov Phi&osers . —On Monday week four poor farmers , from the neighbourhood Rathgormack , who were imprisoned in our count ; gaol for treasonable praetiees . < & 3 . were admitted to ball -themselm in £ 30 , and two sureties in £ 10 each . —Wattrford ChrcnUh .

      Emiqratxon 7 Rom Bbupasi . —The total number who have embaiked at this port , direct for the United Statea of Am&rica and the Canadai , Awing tha year ending 22 « d Deaamber , 1848 : —United Staten 6 395 ; Canada . 1 , 830 ; total , 8 . 326 . Hydrophobia . —M ? Gummines , an innkeeper and grocer at Sherburn Hill , near Durham , lately died from hydrophobia , nine weeks after he had l « en bitten in the nosa by a dog . Ths dog afterwards ran away , and little no ties was taken of the wound , as the animal was not supposed to be mad . Irish Rrecowm . —Mr Richard O'Gorman , jun ., arrived in Paris on Saturday , the 16 h nit ., from Marseilles , at which place he had arrived from Constantinople . There are also in Paris Sir O'M ? . hiny , Mr Ennene O'Reilly , Mr Rivers , and Mr Byrce .

      A Tiger Shark . —A tiger shark , measuring tea and a half feet in length , and two feet in circumference , has been caught near the shore of Ltndo ' s Town , America . It had ten rowa of teeth ; ita jawa , when epened , would receive without difficulty a peraon of good sizs . Eclipjm— Thflte will he twoeolipBes of the sun and two of the moon thia fear . Sun a total eclipse , August 18 . h ; pattfal eclipse of the moon on the 8 th March , visitts , and a partial eclipse on the 23 th August , visible . " Losa Crsxht . —Some time Binoe a per »» _ at Cbelmgford , more ingenious than Bornpulous , puid a tradesman for isomegooda by a bill at two months ; but on presenting it at the expiration of that period , the owner found it wag payable two months afeee death instead of after date .

      . Fanaticism — The iBfant child of two'latter-day saints' recently died » f an abscess at NorthRinpton , through the obHtinate fanaticism of its parent * , who refused to obt ain medical attendance for their infiaat , on the ground that human aid in cases of sickn ^ i is cot only useless but sinful . Dissbnibes' Sims . —The UtiCA Christian Cos . tribotor observes : — ' A published calculation states that 250 , 000 slaves are held by Methodiati , 226 . 000 by Baptists , and 80 , 000 by Presbyterians . Add 45 GOO to all other denominations , and you have 600 , 000 slaved in the United States held by ilssonters .

      TheKicgof Bavaria has offered a prize of 100 ducau ( nearly £ 50 ) for the best essay on tho foUowing subject : — ' By what means caa the poverty of the lower orders of the inhabitants of Germany , and more especially of Bavaria , be most advantageously and permanently relieved . ' The estaya are to be given in by tbe 31 st of January . CoNTSMPr —Grattan ( says Sam Rogers ) , was once attacked in the Irish Commons by an inveterate Orangeman , ¦ who made a miserable speech . —Gratean replied- 1 shall make no other remark on the hon . gentleman's personalities than-as he roae without a riend . so he has sat down wittont an enemy . ' Waa war QQntempt bo concentrated in an exprea-81011 f at rf

      ( - An Indiffkkeni Husbakd . — 'Ah John , JOtt won't have me much longer ; I ahall never leave this bed alive ! ' ' Please thea self , Betty , and thee'll please I , ' returned John with great equanimity . ' I lavebeen a good wife to you John , ' penirted the dying woman , l Midd ) ia \ Betty , midfllinV responded the matter-of ^ faot husbaad . ..... A few days since a young woman died at Smtterby , Yorkshire , from inflammation of the bowel * , caused by taking laudanum , a habit to which sho was so greatly addicted , that , for tome time befcre death , she is believed to have consumed more than a quart of laudanum a-week .

      Oh Yks!—A Tory was once praising an Orange ; feiBhop , of whom it waB swd tbat he strangled a man with his own hands durine the Rebellion What is your objection to that bishop , ' quoth the Tory . Is he not learned , pious , and so forth 1 Oh yes . said Grattan . Very learned and very pious ; but he ia fond of bleod and prone to intoxication . ' Emi « batmn—In the year endiiig . September 30 , 184 J , 239 2 T 0 passengers arrived in the United States , of whom 128 , 838 were from Great Britain and Ireland , 73 , 444 from Gewnany , uia 20 , 055 from Fn > noe , Ol these passengers , 87 £ 62 ware labourers , 3197 BorTante , 4 , 301 mercbaats , 26 . 150 mechanics and manufacturers , and 50 , 036 fannera . oiu

      A few mornings since , a boy , nve yearn , u » «« of a needle stamper at FeckeBham , Worcester * hire , whom his parents had left aaleep in bed , , awoke , and perceived on the table , a bottle , containing half a pintof brandy . He climbed on a chair , and thus sueoeeded in reachiag tae brandy , which he swallowed , thereby causing his death within two houia . Kiso or Trtjmw . —A Btary is told of an Irish King at Arms , who , waiting upon the Bi 6 hop of Killalce to summon him to Parliament , and being dieBaad , as the ceremony required , in his heraldic attire , ao mystiBed the bishop's servant with hia appsaia&ae that not knowing what to make of it , and carrying off but a confuse d notion of hte title , he announced him thus , ' My knd , here is the King of Trump ? .

      —Pennant . INCITEMSMT TO DhUHKEMIKM A PuMBHABM Of-FKKCE .-By the 11 th and 12 th Vwtoria , q > % ? i ^ which has recently come into operation , /** fi ^ £ * & ; > who shall aid or abet , counsel or Wgm $ f uffi ^ which the magistrates have the powejflw $ Wf > < "V . ricod

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      a ) Written on the « eeulemol the iWUfiition ot the Smperer Napoleoa at Foatalneblean , la April , IBM . ( 2 ) Bx&oh wu premature in prod aiming the terminaism ef popular foily ; witneis the recent election ot the lephewofmynaclt ' to the presidency of the Prenii lepnblic—E » . N . 8 . ( 3 ) SlttA . ( 4 ) Charles tbe fifth , ( 5 ) The nami of the'bastard Casar Is yet a law fer teo many fools . —Ed . V . S .

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      JistTARY 6 , im . THE NORTHERN STAR . ' 3

  • Citation
    • Northern Star (1837-1852), Jan. 6, 1849, page 3, in the Nineteenth-Century Serials Edition (2008; 2018) ncse.ac.uk/periodicals/ns/issues/vm2-ncseproduct1504/page/3/